Problem 1

Calculate the unknown term in the following proportions:

Problem 2
Anne buys 5 pounds of potatoes at the market. If 2 pounds cost $0.80, how
much will Anne pay?

The weight and the price are directly proportional because when the weight
increases, the total price increases and when the weight decreases, the total price
decreases.

Problem 3
Calculate the height of a building that casts a shadow of 6.5 meters at the
same time, a pole with a height of 4.5 m casts a shadow of 0.90 m.

The height and the length of the shadow are directly proportional because as
the height increases, so does the shadows length and as the height decreases, the
length of the shadow also decreases.

Problem 4
The legs of a right triangle measure 24 m and 10 m and its hypotenuse is 26
m. What is the length of the legs of a similar triangle whose hypotenuse is 52 m?

The length of legs are directly proportional to the length of the hypotenuse
in the similar triangle. If the hypotenuse inceases, so does the length of the legs
and if the length of the hypotenuse decreases, the legs decrease aswell.

Problem 5
Two wheels are connected by a transmitter belt. The first has a radius of 25
cm and the second, 75 cm. When the first has reached 300 turns, how many turns
will the second have completed?

The length of the radius and the number of turns are inversely proportional
because the larger the radius is, the fewer times the wheel will complete a
rotation and the smaller the radius is, the more frequently the wheel will complete
a rotation.

Problem 6
Three individuals contribute $5,000, $7,500 and $9,000 which is together
invested into a stock. After a year, the stock has made $6,450 on top of the
capital. If the money is withdrawn, how much will each individual receive if their
earnings are directly proportional to the capital orginally contributed?

The amount invested is directly proportional to the amount gained because

the more money originally invested translates into a higher return and the less
money orginally invested translates into a lower return.

Problem 7
Of the 800 students at a school, 600 attend a field trip. What is percentage
of students who did not remain at the school?

Problem 8
When purchasing a vehicle priced at $8,800, the sales clerk awards a
discount of 7.5%. How much will the final cost of the vehicle be?

100 7.5 = 92.5

Problem 9
The price of a computer is $1,200. How much will a customer need to pay in
total if the tax is 16%?

Problem 10
If a monitor is priced at $450 and the store manager awards a discounted of
8%, how much will the costumer pay?

Problem 11
An item is sold for 15% more than it cost the retailer to acquire the item. If
it was sold to the retailer for $80, determine the price that the customer paid.

Problem 12
What is the price that a retailer has to charge on an item acquired for $180
in order to make a profit of 10%?

Problem 13
What is the sale price that a retailer has to put on an article originally priced
at $280 to reduce it by 12% for an upcoming sale?

Problem 14
How long does it take a principal of $25,000 at a simple interest rate of 5%
to become $30,000?

Problem 15
$45,000 is deposited into a savings account. After one year, 4 months and
20 days it totals $52,500. Calculate the simple interest rate for this account.

360 + 120 + 20 = 500 days

I = 52 500 45 000 = $7,500

Problem 16

Determine the simple interest rate applied to a principal over 20 years if the
total interest paid equals the borrowed principal.

I = P

Problem 17
How long does it take a principal payment to triple at a simple interst rate of
6%?

I = 3 P

Problem 18
Find the total amount of simple interest that is paid over a perod of five
years on a principal of $ 30,000 at a simple interest rate of 6%.