'LIGHT-CONE-GAUGE'

Contents:

Light Cone Gauge

World-Sheet
Lorentz Symmetry
Gauge Symmetry
Yang-Mills Theory
Faddeev Popov Ghost

Light Cone Gauge:-

When light propagates in the world Sheet , it remains invariants

but it does not remain invariants at infinity-like. So , here it is
presenting that such a equation which eliminates the 'Ghosts ' and
other unphysical degree of freedom . Light-Cone-Gauge fixes the
reparameterization invariance on the 'World-Sheet' by :-

where

is a constant and

is the worldsheet time.

Though this equation is able to show out the fix

reparameterization , it is unable to tell about 'Lorentz Symmetry'.

'Light-Cone-Gauge' through String Theory is approachable a little bit

to 'Yang-Mills Symmetry' but more work has to be performed out
for 'Yang-Mills-Symmetry:Light-cone gauge refers to the condition

where

So, Light-Cone-Gauge is applicable to manifest Guage-Theory in terms of

Strings.

Gauge Symmetry:-Gauge theory is a type of field theory in which the

'Lagrangian' is invariant under a continuous group of local
transformations. Gauge theory successfully tells us about the dynamics of
Elementary Particles. Quantum Electrodynamics is an Abelian gauge
theory .Abelian Gauge Theory deals with U(1) and has one gauge field , the
electro-magnetic four-potential , with the photon being the Gauge-Boson.
The standard model is a Non-Abelian Gauge Theory. Non-Abelian Gauge
Theory deals with symmetry Group U(1)SU(2)SU(3) and has a total of 12
Gauge Bosons: the Photon , three weak Bosons and Eight Gluons.
Yang-Mills Theory Yang Mills Theory is a Gauge Theory based on the
SU(N) group which is given by the Compactness in Semi-Simple Lie
Group. Yang Mills Theory also deals with the unification of the ElectroMagnetic and Weak Forces and Strong Force through U(1) SU(2) SU(3).

Faddeev Popov Ghost:- In the Path Integral Formulation , the Gauge

Symmetry is breakable by adding some additional fields. Ghost
particles appear as Virtual Particles in the interactive Particles'Path
Integral formulation. In 'Feynmann 't-Hooft Gauge , it is
encompassed widely the Popov Ghost.
Lorentz Symmetry:- In Lorentz Symmetry , six dimensional noncompact non-Abelian real Lie Group , are not connected . The
restricted Lorentz group consists of those Lorentz transformations
that preserve the orientation of Space and direction of Time in
SO+(1,3) . Mathematically, the Lorentz group of n+1-dimensional Minkowski
space is the group O(n,1) (or O(1,n)) of linear transformations of Rn+1 . The lowdimensional cases n = 1 and n = 2 are often useful as "toy models" for the
physical case n = 3, while higher-dimensional Lorentz groups are used in
physical theories such as 'string theory' that posit the existence of hidden
dimensions. The Lorentz group O(n,1) is also the isometry group of ndimensional de Sitter space dSn, which may be realized as the homogeneous
space O(n,1)/O(n1,1). In particular O(4,1) is the isometry group of the de Sitter
universe dS4, a cosmological model.

World Sheet:- Around 1967 , famous physicist 'Leonard Susskind' coined the
World-Sheet to describe the embedding of a string of a two dimensional manifold

in 'Space-Time'. In 'Bosonic String World-Sheet ' , there consists of 26

dimensions in Minkowski space which has 26 free 'Scalars- Field' . In Superstring,
World-Sheet, there consists of 10 dimensions in Minkwoski Space which has 10
free 'Scalars-Field'.

References:- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_cone_gauge

Writer- Jayaram Bista