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PRACTICAL ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY
DANGERS OF ELECTRICITY
SAFE USE OF ELECTRICITY IN THE HOME
LEARNING OUTCOMES
WHAT IS ELECTRICITY ?
Electricity is a form of energy.
It is an energy created when electrons move
continuously through a conductor.
Electrical
Lighting
USES OF
ELECTRICITY
Electrical
Heating
Generating
Movement
ELECTRICAL LIGHTING
Electrical Energy to Light Energy
Compact
Fluorescent Bulb
Filament
Bulb
Fluorescent Bulb
L.E.D Bulb
ELECTRICAL HEATING
Electrical Energy to Thermal Energy
Cooker
Oven
Iron
Kettle
Room Heater
Electricity is used to
provide heat for
cooking, ironing and
heating in homes.
ELECTRIC MOTOR
Electrical Energy to Kinetic Energy
Fan
Drill
Washing Machine
Blender
Food Mixer
Electricity is used to
provide useful
mechanical
movement in homes.
CALCULATING
ELECTICAL ENERGY & POWER
1
CALCULATING
ELECTICAL ENERGY & POWER
1
CALCULATING
ELECTICAL ENERGY & POWER
2
CALCULATING
ELECTICAL ENERGY & POWER
3
CURRENT
POWER
ENERGY
CURRENT
=
X
VOLTAGE
ENERGY
TIME
VOLTAGE
TIME
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
ELECTROCUTION
ELECTRICAL FIRE
DEATH
ELECTRICAL DANGERS
IN THE HOME
WHAT ?
DAMAGED INSULATION
WHY ?
Exposed live wire.
HOW ?
Accidentally
touching the live wire
can cause electric
shocks.
Short-circuit
leads to
overheating and fire.
ELECTRICAL DANGERS
IN THE HOME
WHAT ?
OVERHEATING OF CABLES
WHY ?
Overheating and
electrical fire.
HOW ?
Coiled and tangled
long extension leads.
Overloading
socket.
a mains
ELECTRICAL DANGERS
IN THE HOME
WHAT ?
DAMPED CONDITIONS
WHY ?
Water will conduct
current.
HOW ?
Using electrical
appliances in
damp conditions
will increase risk of
electrocution.
KNOW
YOUR
ELECTRICAL
SAFETY
SYMBOLS
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
FUSE
CIRCUIT BREAKERS
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
FUSE
Symbols of A Fuse
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
FUSE RATINGS
The fuse ratings is the maximum current that can pass
through without melting the fuse.
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
FUSE RATINGS
The correct fuse ratings for any electrical appliance
can be determined by using the formula:
CURRENT
POWER
VOLTAGE
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
CORRECT FUSE
RATINGS USED
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
EARTH CONNECTION
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
EARTH CONNECTION
Wiring that connects the metal body of any electrical
appliances to the ground and stops it from becoming
live.
Symbol for Earth
Connection
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
DOUBLE INSULATION
Some appliances do not have an earth connection.
These appliances plugs have only two pins.
Double Insulation Symbol
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
COLOUR-CODED WIRING
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
COLOUR-CODED WIRING
Live Wire
Brown colour.
Current enters the mains circuit.
Has voltage of 240 V.
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
SWITCH
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
SWITCH
Symbols of A Switch
Open Switch
Closed Switch
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
IN THE HOME
EXAMPLE EXERCISE 1
5129/12/M/J/14 Q34
5129/12/O/N/13 Q36
5129/12/O/N/12 Q4
EXAMPLE EXERCISE 2
5129/12/O/N/11 Q11
EXAMPLE EXERCISE 3
5129/22/O/N/13 Q13
Some hairdryers do not have an earth wire. They are double insulated.
(a) Explain the meaning of double insulation.
EXAMPLE EXERCISE 4
5129/22/O/N/11 Q10
(a) Use the information from Fig.10.1 to calculate the current in the
electric heater when it is working normally.
EXAMPLE EXERCISE 4
5129/22/O/N/11 Q10
(b) Another electric heater has a metal case. It has been wired
incorrectly because the live wire is touching the metal case.
The live wire is fitted with a fuse and the heater has an earth
connection. Explain how a person is protected from an electric
shock when the heater is switched on.
EXAMPLE EXERCISE 5
5129/22/M/J/13 Q11
EXAMPLE EXERCISE 5
5129/22/M/J/13 Q11
EXAMPLE EXERCISE 5
5129/22/M/J/13 Q11
(c) When all the switches are closed to light both lamps, the current in
lamp P is 0.25 A and the current in lamp Q is 0.35 A
(ii) The p.d across lamp P when lit is 240 V and the current in it is 0.25 A.
Calculate the power of lamp P.
EXAMPLE EXERCISE 6
5129/01/M/J/11 Q1
PRACTISE QUESTIONS
Complete the following questions in pairs.
5129/12/O/N/14 Q32
5129/12/O/N/14 Q39