Mtwttako

historical

Mtk

-ot-

^amestown
Williamsburg
an

3J?orhtown
B\> 3. Blair Spencer, fID. E>.

(preface
HIS

little

guide book has been designed for the purpose of giving to those

"The Jamestown Exposition" who are fortunate enough to enjoy

seeing Jamestown, Williamsburg, and Yorktown, an authentic souvenir of the
visitors to

places of interest found at these quaint historic villages,

and with an idea of

freshening certain important historical events associated

with the Virginia

Peninsula, "The Cradle of the Republic." In presenting this

little

summary we

beg leave to

call your attention to the fact that we are confining ourselves exJamestown, the first Permanent English Settlement in America;
Williamsburg, it's successor; and Yorktown, the birth-place of American Independence.
Here I wish to acknowledge my thanks to Rev. W. A. R. Goodwin, Pies Lyon G. Tyler,
and Mr. Samuel Yonge for the use of their works "Bruton Church," "The Cradle of the
Republic," and "The Site of Old James-Towne", which were used as references in the com-

clusively to

pilation of data herein contained.

T.

,9

B.

S.

Jamestown
Both companies wire allowed the privilege of

Che Settlement

HERE

of

lamestown

tling

were two companies organ-

fifty

Virginia, which was designated by

containing one hundred and

On December

in

as that territory lying be-

.James

I,

tween

degrees

and 45, or

-".I

be-

tween Ca.pe Fear River, North Car-

One was
"The Virginia Com-

pany of London,"

imonlj termed

"The London Company;" the other, "The Plymouth

Company." King James chartered both companies,
giving to the former the right

to

plant a colony

between that part of Virginia lying between the

Cape Fear River, North Carolina, and the month of

Potomac River; and

to

the latter the right

colonize that part of Virginia between the

Hudson River and Nova

Scotia.

to

mouth of

lung a s

set-

they

re-

19,

L606, the Sarah Constant, the

Discovery, three small vessels,

the

five

emigrant-, weighed

anchor and sailed down the Thames, bound for Virginia. After almost intolerable hardships they sighted

land.

and Nova Scotia.

designated a-

-.1

miles from each other.

God-speed, and

olina,

the

mained

England in 1606, for the

purpose of settling and improving

ized

the

intervening tcrrit'in

tin/

Spring was
the

passed

of

through

To

height

at its

command

when

Captain

the

the little

'hristopher

fleet,

under

Newport,

Capes and entered Hampton

they gave the names of

Henry and Charles in honor of the two sons of James
The Colonists first landed on Virginia shores on
I.
.April 26th.
They continued their voyage up the
broad river that empties into Hampton Roads, for

Roads.

thirty-two

on

May

miles,

13,

settlement

these

('apes

and with

joyous

hearts

landed'

L607, Darning the river and their

.lame-

and Jamestown,

first

respectively,

in

jjamestown
honor of their Sovereign, .himcs

The
and

and a

a fort;

etc.

During

of England.

The Rev. Robert Hunt had

<

was elected President of the Council, the colony now

and elected Wing-

daily services from the

to his

charge from

for a

term of eight months.

In

with supplies,

with canvas.

affairs

succeeded by
<

September,

John

Ratcliffe,

1610, Wingfiell

was

President

the

as

of

The

but

finding

the

colonisis

at

air, flowers

were elated with hope.

first

of

many

colors

The

and massive forests

ing settlers, in consultation with the council, he de-

7th, they

unmarked down

orders from Lord Delaware,

Point Comfort with his

attacks by

and four
bui

to

forty.

the

Indians, and lack

hand of one hundred

In the early winter of 1608 a

provisions

few days later

settlement.

little

was
fire

received

-wept

from England,

almost the entire

the night of

the river, but

discord, frequent

supply of

On

June

on the follow-

ing day to their great disappointment they received

encouraged their home-sick hearts; but soon sickness,

of supplies reduced the

deplorable state of

and the disheartened condition of the remain-

cided to abandon Jamestown.

louncil.

balmy

1610, Governor Gates arrived

the spring of

crude board nailed between two trees and sheltered

In

Captain .Smith

numbering about four hundred; but again Jamestown was the victim of another pestilence, and the
number of colonists was reduced to sixty. In 1609
Captain George Percy succeeded Smith as President

ihurch of England, and on Sun-

day he preached two sermons

fire,

the soil and plant

President of the Council.

Prayer Book of the

the fall following the

to build Log cabins

little later to till

wheat, potatoes, fruit trees,

field,

King

I,

colonists began at once

On June

10,

who had arrived

fleet, to

at

Old

return to Jamestown.

1610, Lord Delaware, who had

re-

ceived his commission as Lord Governor of the col-

ony, landed at Jamestown, and immediately began

work

to

houses-

rebuild

the

fort

and repair the deserted

The Old Tower

at

Jamestown, showing foundation

in

foreground

3aincstown
Thomas Hale arrived in May,
commission as Deputy Governor, and
Sir

with his Council decided

L611, with his

in consultation

repair the church and

to

and build several new houses.

store-house,

arrived with

many immigrants and

their

era

succeeded Dale

as chief of the colony.

surroundings.
in

Virginia

Martial law, which had hitherto reigned, was abolished; each "Id settler was given one

Augusl of the same year Sir Thomas <!ates

In

new energy began to improve

The year. 1619, marked a new

of land

hundred

acres

the settlers were allowed to elect their first

legislative

body; the plans of

were discussed; and the

first

new

school and college

cargo of negro slaves

Dale, with a majority of the settlers, was sent to

build

town

"Henrico"

in

at the falls, this

settlement to be palled

Deputy Governor for Lord Delaware, and began

plant tobacco, which caused

to

moved

him

to

be

He was

after serving only one year.

at
re-

suc-

ceeded by Captain Samuel Argall, and he in turn

was succeeded by Nathaniel Powell, who served two

years, and

was removed

who was again put

title

of

be succeeded by Yeardley,

charge of the colony, with full

Jamestown,

in a state

as

well as

all

other settle-

of decay, but again the settlers with

to

Virginia

became much greater

than ever before.

In 1624 Yeardley was succeeded by Sir Francis

Wyatt, and mice more

all

seemed well for the

settlers,

but again malaria ami Indian massacre- reduced the

number

of colonists from several thousand

to

nine

hundred.

In 1624 the King of England withdrew the charter

"Governor of Virginia."

lie found

ments,

in

to

arrive in

Immigration

honor of Prince Henry.

In Hay, 1616, Captain George Yeardley became

once

to

Virginia were landed.

from the London Company and himself took

charge of Virginia witli Sir Francis Wyatl as Gov-

The Jamestown Communion

Service

3amcstown
In 1020 Sir George Yeardley again became Governor of Virginia.

He

died in 1627, and was succeeded by Captain

Francis West, as acting Governor, elected by

the

Council.
Dr.

John

Pott, likewise elected by

the Council,

succeeded West in 1029.

The period between 1624 and 1630 marked an

era of prosperity in Virginia, but

John Harvey arrived

as Governor,

in

May, 1630, Sir

and again tyrannical

vide began.

His cruelty
trayal

of

to the settlers,

territorial

caused him

to

Lord

bis be-

Baltimore,

be arrested for treason by the Council

to

and returned

interests

combined with

England, Captain John West being

to

elected in bis stead.

Harvey was
<

harles

I,

reinstated as Governor

in

10.">7

by

but was removed in 1039.

Sir Francis Wyatt was then sent as Governor, and

The Jamestown

Baptismal Font

acted until 1642.

liam Berkeley.

when he was succeeded by Sir Wil-

3amc0town
In L642 the second Indian massacre occurred, the

Indians killing about three hundred whites.

several years the

For

Indians remained hostile, during

which time they were repeatedly defeated and

dis-

persed.

Their chief, Opechaneanough, was captured and

died while in prison at .Tamest own

in

1646.

In the same year as the Indian massacre, Berkeley

sailed for England, being succeeded by Richard

Kempe.
a

called Sir

lii.-)2

the

."
designated Virginia as his "Fifth Kingd
in
Another effort was made to rebuild Jamestown

L665, and owing to the frequent

settlers

surrendered

fires,

brick houses

were recommended bj the General Assembly.

In 1676

civil

-I

rife began,

Jamestown Was burned by

Governor and

Virginia to Parliament

William Berkeley.

In 1660 King Charles II was proclaimed with

great ceremonies at Jamestown, and he subsequently

In 1645 he (Berkeley) returned and again

limed the governorship.

In

throned eleven years before, and there being no recog

renized power in England, the Genera] Assembly

had been rebellious

to the

and

in the

same year

Nathaniel Bacon, who

oppressive laws of Berke-

under the conditions that

ley.

they were not to be taxed nor subjected

to

any laws

not meeting with the approval of the General

Eaeon died

As-

sembly.

In April, 1652, Richard Bennett was elected Governor, and three years later Edward Diggs succeeded
Tn 1658 Samuel Matthews was elected Governor.

March,

1660,

Charles

I,

having

been

de-

October

oi

the

same

year.

succeeded
Berkeley left Virginia in 1677 and was
died in 1678, and
Colonel Herberl Jeffryes, who

was succeeded

bj

Sir

Henry Chickley.

I'
was succeeded by Nicholas Spencer,
one year.
for
as Governor
of the Council, who add
of Effingham, was
In 1684, Francis. Lord Howard

He

him.

In

by

in

3amc8to\vn
elected Governor,

who

was

after serving four years,

wood, our seats unhewed trees

succeeded by Nathaniel Bacon, Sr.

Sir

Francis

was

Nicholson

Governor

in

ceeded by

Edmond Andros.

L690,

served two years

and was suc-

fire in

the -cat of

government of Virginia

removed

Middle Plantation (afterwards Williams-

burg)

in

like a

The church was

tin-

capital being

thi

Smith describes

1699.

13,

at 'jfamcstown

o reiterate, as soon as the settlers

1607, thej

began immediately

ras

to

"We

built

January, 1608.

in

1610, by

whom

Rev. Robert limit,

first

was

it

time

of

tin-

<

!ouncil.

in

when Anne Bur-

became the bride of John Laydon.

came a member

fol-

in

time until

In this church the mar-

was performed for the

tin-

Newport
to

In

KM

Indian chieftain,

Powhatan, married John Rolfe, who afterwards

build a crude

church, which was described by John Smith as

in

Pocahontas, the daughter of the

May

landed, on

as follows:

upon crochetts, covered

restored by Captain

Lord Delaware'- arrival

renovated and beautified.
Virginia, by

se1

same year ami repaired from time

riage ceremony

Cbc Church

barn

with rafts, sedge ami earth, so was also the wall-."

al

this,

homely thing

This structure was burned

Jamestown was destroyed by

1698, which marked the end of Jamestown as
to

temporary structure was improved

little later this

upon, and

In 1698, Sir Francis Nicholson was again elected

State House

we cut planks, our

pulpit a bar of wood uailed to tw'o neighboring tree-."

Lieutenant-

elected

Lieutenant-Governor, and served until 1705.

The

till

Thi-

be-

marriage

and the

well

remem-

formed

we did hang an awning to three or four

shadow us from the sun; our walls were

trees to

dians which lasted until the death of Pocahontas, in

lows:
ber

"When

went

first

to

Virginia,

rails

an alliance betv/een the settlers

England,

of

10

in

61

7.

In-

Jamestown
During

the period between Gates's arrival in L610,

and Argall's arrival

its

stead.

1617, the church had become

this structure

In

America,

the storehouse was used in

his

was used for

number

1639 the Work was begun on

The principal
than Jamestown

KI17-1619,

administration,

from time

in

and was

in

continuous use for

The church

house.

original walls,

The

L676.

was soon restored, supposedly on

its

many

year- after-

lish

wards.

"Lone

of this church

relic of the past; old

Where

now standing,

is

mouldering

twines the ivy round

its

to

of

research.

interest,

historic

other

Island and the noble .lames River,

time, the sites of the old Slate house,

feel

old tower

bond," and

all.. in

The tower

him and stimulates

places

the three houses of Philip Ludwell, and the

was not completed for several years, and was

burned by Nathaniel Bacon,

that

churchyard, numerous relics picked up on the island

which was located where the old bower stands to-day.

It

is

people in

indescribable something

are the tower and foundations of the old church, the

of year-.

brick church,

there

yet

present, that impresses

new church was built by Captain Argall

some time during

and

in

much dilapidated and

\<r\

speaking

English

sent the birthplace of

ruins gray."

is

forty feel
to

eighteen

numerous

pile,

joisl

page

cu1 opp.

eighteen
high'.

inches

feel

The
in

I
I

is

Country

so-called

"Eng-

square and originallj

walls vary from

thickness,

three

contain

and

and loop boles.

The foundations

of the

lasl

two churches extend

from the tower for fifty-six feet; are twent]

In 1901, "The
wide, and very thick and substantial.

east

"Cour to "Jamestown

Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiqui-

The
it

tourist visiting

very difficult

Jamestown

will

to realize that these old

at

firsl

ties," in

find

was

ruins repre-

11

its

never-tiring search for historical

fortunate

enlough

to

procure

the

relief,

services

3amc8town
of

Mr. John Tyler,

Jr., to

tween the foundations.

excavate around and be-

fane."

Do in

Mr. Tyler found smaller

In

"Site

his,

write-:

of

Old

James-Towne,"

"The slenderness

1661.

There arc

L6S2.

Mr.

and

indicates that their superstructure was of timber."

These foundations probably belonged

hunters and

the

work

also disclosed

twenty-two

known
i-

feet,

tiled chancel, five

and the bones of

and

number

third

This

many

of un-

Relic

date.

time that "The As-

Preservation of Virginia Antiquithe church,

much

removed

greal

of every one.

to the distress

interesting to the sight-

the grave-stones,

may be mentioned those thai mark the graves of

The Honorable Philip Ludwell and his wife, Hannah Ludwell; Jacobus Blair and
Sarah Blair; Benjamin Harrison,

having been removed there in 1699.

opp.

his

wife,

Edwards,

Ladj

ami

Jacqulin.

Bruton Church, having been removed there about the same time as the Font.
This is a very handsome service and bears the folis also

inscriptions are

seer,

The Jamestown Baptismal Fon1 (cut on page S)

qow at Bruton Church, Williamsburg, Virginia,

page 6)

the

uncertain

of

sailors, prior to the

gravestones,

Among

(cut

al-

of stones that evidently

hut

this,

became owners of

ties"

half by

number
to

therefore

sociation for the

dead.

The Jamestown Communion Service

dates hack to 1017.

probahbj

weie placed prior

illegible,

to

Anno

though the oldest tomb ever found here the date of

of these foundations

church, built during ArgalPs administration.

Morrison, Armigerh,

Francisi

The churchyard

foundations about twenty feet wide and of relatively

small thickness.

Yonge

i,

Ex dono

at

Sir George Yeardley

aisle

lowing inscription: "Mixe not holy (hinges with pro-

of the church, hut

proof.

12

is

and his grave-stone

here,

Just here

it

is

supposed

also
is

this

supposed
i<

qoI

to
to

be buried
he in the

warranted by

interesting to note that the

3amcsto\vn
dred and forty

spot where the English are supposed to have landed

first

is

just

Much

tower.

Numerous

interesting

relics

have been found

Jamestown during recent years by Mr. Leal, of

"The Association for the Preservation of Virginia

Among

those to be seen

nails, parts of

canon

sors,

now

are coffin-plates and

armor, stirrups, bits and spurs;

shells,

bullets,

halburts,

1903,

Summer

servation

of

"The Association

Virginia

Antiquities"

for the

had

L665 (and used

bly).

at that

built

dr..

Yonge, for their untiring

effort

II.

in preserving this,

America, and
landmark
discovering what would have probably otherwise esof the English in

the oldest

State-

away no

little

very handsome monument

now given bv
L664

agents.

its

part of this historic

landmark.

Pre-

them un-

about

and

and Mr. Samuel

Mr. Leal, Mr. John Tyler,

inflow has washed

earthed, built up, and protected by cement.

These houses were probably

Antiquities"

width.

for the Pre-

Government ha- jusl completed

to
a sea wall around the western end of the island
protect it from the encroaching tide-, whose ceas

Mr. Yonge discovered the foundations

House.

to fortv-six feet in

due "The Association

Virginia

of

The United

Indian pipes.

of the old State House, Philip Ludwell's three houses

and

is

and

eaped attention.

scis-

arrow heads, spears, ami pottery.

In

credit

servation

at

Antiquities."

long, the walls very heavy,

range from twenty-four

west of the

about one hundred yards

feet

the Colonial

or

over

time by the General Assem-

Collectively these foundations are two hun-

13

tlie

the United

i-

States

under construction

Government; and

lames of America are building

old foundations.

chapel

MUltamsbuuo
historical

Location
In 1632 the

ILLIAMSBDRQ

T7T1

backbone

of

located

is

oh

Virginia

the

the

migrate

to

Penin-

were
lying between

sula,

James Rivers, and

is

the

York and

100

feel

above

is

on

the

Chesapeake
which

Ohio

and

makes

tourists

from

i1

line

very

North,

of

Mere

the

portion went up the river and settled along

and

South,

ton

to

Church now

12 miles

Old Point.

from

It

miles from the historic James-

Norfolk

from Yorktown, and 35 miles from

is

27 miles from Newporl

and

the

miles from Washington,

and 325 mile- fn

m New

Exposition

was

Williamsburg).
is

it

supposed

presumably where BruHowever, it is an established

built,

church

Middle Plantation

in

in

1665.

between
town,

stands.

its

"Middle

settled

called

parish was established, and

Little is
7

is

(subsequently

fact, that there

East,

and West.

Williamsburg

came inland and

part

temporary church was

Railroad,

accessible

dissatis-

where malaria and the mosquito

to parts

Plantation"

main

becoming somewhal

less prevalent.

shores,

the level of the sea.

It

settlers

fied with the unhealthfulness of .lame-town, began

News. 39

Grounds;

172 miles from

been

known

L632 and

destroyed

of Williamsburg during the years

1674,

the

during the

court

late

record-

war.

having

The Parish

Register of Bruton Church goes back as far as 1674,

160

and contains many interesting

Baltimore,

entries.

Williams-

burg contain- more places of historic interest than

doe- any village

Y< rk.
1

in

America.

Duke

of Gloucester Street looking west. Colonial Capitol and Clerk's Office in foreground

Milliamslnmi

H
Duke

Crip to SHUiamsburg

of Gloucester Street,

building, which

(cuts opp.

the

names

which running from

easj

One square

To

England

At the inn the visitor

is

situated

in

to the

33),

of the Colonial Palace.

site

down Dunmore
Street,

one

Street, for a square to Nichol-

may

the

find

Court

In

Miss Johnston's character "Audrey"

the center

have

from the

see an unusual collec-

yen

tion of antique furniture, china, silver

and brass.
Continuing up (West) Duke of Gloucester Street.
the Court Green is on the right.
Here athletic contests have been engaged in for over a hundred years.

.'!.">

).

"Tamerlane."

played
site

of the

will see the

first

Home

the great jurist.

of (Iconic

This was

Tyler Street

en

Wythe

(cut

page

The

tourists will

Bruton Church (cuts opp. pages 16-18.)

ancient house of worship succeeded the
to

church

Sir Christopher Wren, and built in 1769.

oldest church standing in America.

1G

1"

Green,

headquarters

Located on this Green is the Old Court House (cut

opp. page 26), said by some to have been planned by
This old

supposed

also the

of Genera] Washington in 1781.

come next
This

is

First

this theatre

Palace

Across
theatre,

"the

of

site

Theatre in America"; built, 1716.

their journey.

may

Leaving Duke of Gloucester Street, turning

page

(cut

which

Matthew
built

son

Street.

the

is

was

righl

located

facilitate matters, tourists should go to the

Green of Colonial Inn, -which

of the town, and there begin

up, to the right you will see the "Palace

Whaley School
on the

King, Nassau, Henry, and Boundary.

Most of the places of historic interest are

on, or can be seen from Duke of Gloucester

interesting Legal battles

Green," at the north end of which

east to west, bear

respectively of Botetourt, Queen,

many

and public assemblages.

and west, as also do Francis and Nicholson Streets.

These thoroughfares are intersected by numerous
cross streets,

in a perfect state of preservation,

has been the scene of

pages 14

and 39) the main thoroughfare of the town, runs

is

at

Jamestown,

and

is

most
It

probably

the

was organized

Colonial Scene, from a painting of Bruton Church,

now

in

Metropolitan

Museum

<>l

Art

Milliamslnmi
1632, and

in

1632 ami

James

Blair,

On

and adminis-

the walls

memorial

Governor Alexander Spottswood, who drew

may

tablets,

tombstones over
the

thirty-one pounds of tobacco for the

church

erection

of

number

he seen a

ami

the

in

century

this.

'!

original state, the interior ami

paired
In

rum time

1^1".'

t<>

the old

cross,

of interesting

aisle

tiled

numerotis

old.

still

standing

cut

down, ami

in

The

1839

was changed materially.

The

end of the

6,

Services,

described on

presented

of England, bearing

to

the

the motto

qui mal v pense." ami the serLady Gooch which hears the date "I

These Communion Services,

form as near as possible.

in

addition to being

hears the date of

church

yard

(cut

its

1761

and the parish

first

page

entry hill.
-ill

contains)

men prominent

in the

the

early

history of Vi rginia.

The date of the oldest tomb to he seen now i- 1678.

The inscriptions en some of the tombs are mere than

This

has hern done, the work having been completed

Jnlv, 1906.

hell

tombstones of numbers of

to its original

George

Soit

111

opp. page
Service,

111

register has for the date of

removed, ami the walls decorated.

May, 1905, work was begun to restore the old

church

h\

Service

George

Communion

three
(rut

vice presented by

1686.

re-

time.

partition was placed etitting off

cross, the tiled 8

in their

roof having been

the

seen

antique, are extremely handsome.

pews were

in- interior of the church

12),

"Hnni

walls of thi- church are

lif

he

Jamestown

page

new church.

may

Here

The Genera] Assembly appropriated two hundred

pounds, and each inhabitant was to pay a lew of

In

Greek

plans.

tin-

tli.

form of

built in the

is

with the chancel in the east, and tower in the we--.

brick church was built in 1715, dur-

ing the ministry of Rev.

tration of

The church

665, the exacl date being unknown.

presenl

'In'

church was built some time between

in

v/orl h

18

one's while to note.

Bruton Church viewed from Duke of Gloucester Street

MUUamsburg
Leaving

Bruton Church

Duke

right side of

and

the

pointed

Ai

1>\

the

the visitor will see the

sembly.
Idii-

west

tiie

Duke

end of

Gloucester

of

Sired

It

Mary i'tjllajv cut opp. page 20),

second oldest institution of Learning in America.

lie.'

In

an

tablish

made by
college,

James Blair
charter.

to

the

General

England,

The plan was

ili'

Christian

the

Indian-, and

uumber

religion
to

Assembly sent

to solicit
to

to

es

Rev.

funds and obtain

educate ministers so that

mighl

be

propagated among

educate the youth of Virginia.

was planned and

built

1705.

was, however, rebuill upon the original site and

in

1723.

lie- college

was again the victim

was rebuilt on

it-

original walls.

In the library a

books, ami

relies

number

may

of interesting portraits,

he seen.

Under the college are buried the bodies of Sir

John Randolph and his two <mi<, Peyton ami John
Randolph,
l

Lord

Botetourt,

Bishop

Madison,

mentioned

tiring in hi- efforl to establish the college,

Randolph, Thomas Jefferson, John Tyler,

first

president.

ami

lhancellor Nelson.

The plan met with tie' approval of King William

and Queen Mary, and the charter was readily
s
granted.
The Rev. .!
Blair, who had been unwas elected

some

of flames in 1859, ami again in L862, hut each time

of years

the inhabitants of Virginia

in

completed

1691 there having been for

efforl

college building

time between 1692 and lino, hut was destroyed by

Washington.

stands William and

The college was endowed, received a granl of .ami,

ami wa- allowed representation in the General As-

Home of John
member of the Genera] Assembly and judge
Supreme Court of the United States, ap-

half,

Blair,'

of

and continuing up the

of Gloucester Si net for a square

Among

the

alumni of William and Mary, promi-

nent in the early .history of ibis country,

Richard

Bland,

Dabney

Carr,

may

he

Peyton

Edmund

Randolph, James Monroe, and John Marshall.

The

lollege of William and \1ar\

llHilltamslnuii
In addition to those

making

mentioned, prominenl

of the Union, William and

Mary

for

the visitor will see the Eastern State Hospital, built

in the
a

ami

other

men

prominenl

in

On

the

ihi'

center of the

campus may

he seen the Statue

NoTborne Berkeley, Baron de Botetourt, ami

of

Spottswood
<

<

House

President's
accidentia
rebuill

burned

by Louis

(cut

XV

I.

School

the esiaie of

in

was

French troops, ami

by

(nil

page 29

campus.

It

is

in

his death, in

little

Prison

down

(East)

and thence

"Headquarters

over

and

ly direction.

(cu1

hill

square fn

will

street,

on

are

m "The

be

seen

page 32), built about

posl

from the prison,

The
1800,

vogue
fifty

southeaster-

he seen the

<

>l<l

Powder limn.

under Alexander Spotswood's administration

22

in

was about
in a

ex-

lolonists,"

A square down from the prison, opposite

"The Inn," may

Duke of Gloucester to Henry

down Henry to Francis Street,

this

of the Colonists"

brassware

The whipping

Virginia.

yards down the

Leaving William and Mary College, and continu-

Street,

relics

and used while the Poor Debtor Law was

1691.

ing

the

quaint

Debtors'

was the

In

square, the visitor will see opposite

where

love

of Gloucester Street, from the

on the same side of the

-im

America, being endowed by

Hon. Roberl Boyle, after

made

Nassau Street, continuing down

Bruton Church

hibition.

out of his private exchequer.

the south side of the

Indian

firsl

thoroughfare

seen the

lie

page 28), which

opp.

17M

in

campus may

grounds may he seen the "Six-

Duke

to

hospital along

The Brafferton Building

ated on

Returning

the

'dnnon.

the north side of the

hi

the hospital

Chimney Let," where Washington

Martha Custis.

United Slates.
In

Amer-

in

ica.

ber of years contributed her share of senators ami

representatives

1758, the oldesl hospital for the insane

in

num-

as

Imilt

Gov-

I',

.in

Inrper'i

Copy right,

ISttli,

by tliirpr & Brnlliera

Colonial

lapitol

Milliamslniio
This old building

ernor,

in

shape,

with a total

1714.

about 50 feet

in

is

perimeter of 108

octagonal in
feet,

The Magazine,

and

be a tyrant's bond placed upon

io

free ami

loyal

people."

is

was

Since the Revolution, this historical old building

was used for an armory, blacksmith shop, ami

storeroom for powder.
Lord Dunmore, in 1775, had
<-ei-iaiii powder, which had been stored away in the

has lieen utilized for various purposes, namely, mar-

height.

as

it

called,

ket

house, school.

federate arsenal

Haptist church, dance hall, ('on-

and

stable.

It

has at

fallen

lasl

Powder Born to he used in ease of insurrection, etc.,

moved in the dead of the night on heard the schooner
Magdalen, at that ti
lying in York River.
This

Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiqui-

caused great exeitemenl

museum.

Williamsburg, and

interesting

ized

Patrick Henry.

between Dunmore and Henry was

adjusted, but

war lying

Dunmore

in a

sought refuge on hoard

Rev.

A\

A. R.

Goodwin

in a

old

Powder Horn wa^

which

severed

tin'

firsl

link

in

the

"Thus

chain,
hail

to

tourists,

which

can

he

seen

into a
relics
at

any

of Gloucester Street the visitor will note the quaint

Leaving the Powder Horn and going down Duke

architectural lines of

to

end of

will see the

some of the houses. Reaching

where ii bifurcates, you

this street

foundations of the old capitol (cut opp.

pace 22), and the clerk's

the

the agitation,

through unwise and oppressive taxation,

it

ii

"The

time.

recent article has de-

the center of

of workers,

who have repaired

and converted
They at presenl have numerous

the east
.

lot

way
man-

Virginia.

scribed the result of this event as follows:

hands of that noble

This

Vorktown and never came hack

a!

ties,"

among the inhabitants of

number of citizens were organ

into a com], any lead by

difficulty

or!

into the

office to the

House

of Bur-

gesses.

which

In

come

io

24

1699 the capitol was removed from Jamestown

Williamsburg and

very pretentious brick build

The OKI Powder Horn

IWUUamsburo
ing was buill in the

form

called the Capitol, the

built

The

capitol of this State

liamsburg

to

Richmond

unquestionably
other

L746,

in

in

in

This house

time

firsl

Continuing

L832.

turning

was removed from WilThis old building

1779.

of this, the United

Street,

''

dent of

The

States of

and

will

little

be sc-n.

Bassett,
I

further

and

"l

if

the

same

street

later of

home

for a

Preai-

Duke

of

Gloucester

Streel

mid

ol

may now reach Tazewell Hal], the

Edmund Randolph, by going up Duke oi

visitor

of

to
si

England

Street

and

down

England

pi a res.

,,

"The Virginia Gazette,"founded 1736, by William

Parks

Bassett Hall

'

w:ls ""' first '""-''I"'

1 '

of the surrende r of Cornwallis

Burwell

John Tyler, President of

Tlli> P a P er

the

iv

'"
at

"''" '" existence,

publish an account

Yorktown.
and can be had

al

news-stands.

Is 11.

the visitor will retrace his steps to

square he will see the store of

to

up

immediately behind "The Inn." the home

Streel two
rirst

Fort Magruder

Duke

Gloucester Streel and go up the right side of the

streel

Raleigh

of the old

site

the visitor

This was the home of Hon.

rnited States, in

Now,

down

the

the right, the tourist will see on Nicholson

Gloucester

Continental Congress, on Francis Sirreet

ili"

built on

William Wirt, Chancellor of Virginia.

America.

Turning to the right from the Capitol,

mes to the home of Peyton Randolph,

i-

Tavern.

re-

more extensively than any

figured

the creation

in

This edifice was

for the

original walls and burned again

its

.;ii

II.

The building was burned

America.

hi

of an

word used

I..

is

one mile from Williamsburg,

on the Yorktown road.

Here may be seen some

the fortifications built during the Civil

W. Lane.

26

War.

of

The Old Court House

MUltamslnmi
Seven miles from Williamsburg
ter's

is

historic

old town the visitor will notice the old brass door-

"Car

Grove," generally considered the most perfect

type of colonial architecture

in

knockers

In addition to the places of historic interest in this

adorning the entrances

to

number

of

houses, and numberless pieces of old mahogany, and

Virginia.

antique silver and china.

Scene of Williamsburg: from Court Green

28

President's Mouse. William ami

Mary Coller

The Brafferton Buildiim

liruton

Church Ynrd

Poor Dehior's Prison

Matthew Whaley School,

built

on

site of

Colonial Palace

Home of

Peyton Randolph

Home

ot

George Wythe

Home of John

Blaii

Bassett Hall

HJorktown
opp. page 40)

ORKTOWN

beautifully situated

is

\\\

on the York River, just

<5^

from

its

mouth.

enough

though

it

from

may

Yorktown
very

the

to

Two

monument,

and

historic

House,

Nelson

interesl

the

Houses.

to

and

be seen

fortifications,

The

old

Nelson

Thomas

by

1705

arc,

and

the

the

received the

i1

page

(cut

who was

lir-i

custom

the

l_),

that time

a1

lias

it

that

when

vaded Yorktown, General

most

Mr.

Governor of

There

is

to

first

be found abi ut

Custom House (cut

to,

but there

reward

strike

it.

is

nothing

it.

page

was

1-3)

beauty.

lornwallis occurred

east of Yorktown.

39

(out

of great

is

surrender of

'e

in-

his

cave on the shore supposed to be the

The monument
L882, and

army

British

gunner who would

one that Cornwallis retired

authentic

the

Nelson, fearing thai

shelter British officers, offered a

of five guineas to every

beautiful

its

the Revolution was the largest

House

Nelson,

Tradition

history,

its

remarkably

Virginia.

al-

The most important

Custom

The

wars have reduced

such dilapidation that only

to

Virginia, hence

in

home would

laid out about

view of York River remain.

places of

Williamburg,

in

pretentious dwelling in the town, was built by

from Baltimore.

Nelson.

handsome

is

be reached by steam

Yorktown was founded and

Thomas

town

standing and

house.

railroads, etc.

historic

this

I"

carriage

by Mr.

fortu-

up -i direct, as well as pleasant,

route

boat

as

uo1

port

any modern

have

to

innovations, such

The

Yorktown prim-

It is twelve miles

from Williamsburg, and

nate

few miles

is still

good State of preservation.

The
is

erected

where the

field

about

in

half mile

IDorlrtown

I'll

u|i

in

capitulation papers of surrender were drawnthe

"Moore

House,"

mile from Forktown.

(cut

page

ll>

Clellan's

about

During the Civil War

army completed

ready ruined town.

M.c-

to

the wreck of this, an al

The Old Custom House

The Nelson House

II

|J ur.
s

))

$ 5^

The Moore House

Zbe Colonial

Unit

Reprowill be the headquarters for tourists during the Exposition.

ductions of Colonial Door Knockers and other brass goods, also Souvenir Books of
Jamestown, Williamsburg and Yorktown, will be found at the office of the Inn. A
macadamized road will be built from the C. & O. depot at Williamsburg to Jamestown
Island. A good stage of automobile line will run between these two points, thus enabling tourists to visit two of the most historic places on the American continent at a
small cost and in a short space of time. The Inn is located in the central part of the
Elevation 97 feet above tidewacer Avercity, and overlooks the historic Court Green.
age temperature as follows Spring 57, Summer 77, Autumn 60, Winter 41. Good telegraph, telephone, and express service. Six mails daily. The parlors and library are filled with antiques. The dining
room is large and airy. Good plain Virginia cooking. Livery connected with Hotel. Bus meets all trains.
Open all year. Rates $2.50 and up. For any information desired, apply to

[AS been enlarged and

3.

B.

<E.

SpCllCer, Proprietor.

The

Natural Bridee Hotels

Colonial Brass
<7f

HE

^^

Tourists, especially those

who

Marc

are interested in things colonial, will unand historical atmosphere of

quaintness

doubtedlv be impressed by
Williamsburg.
Although over two hundred years have passed since this old town came
the

into existance, it is in many respects just as isolated in its every day life as it
was in the days of the Colonists.
Brown-stone houses and trolley cars have not as yet supplanted the architecture of Sir Christopher Wren and the old ox-carts.

Neither have the old colonial door knockers been substituted by modern
innovations, but are still used to summons servants to the doors.
These old door knockers, with their bright polished faces, stand like forgotten sentinels in an environment which witnessed many of the closing scenes of our people's
struggle for liberty.
The door knockers, of which
are

we are offering reproductions, each have a history and

turn " The Blair," "Wythe" and "Wirt" Knocker.
Reproductions can onlv be furnished by us,

named

in

bc Colonists
(Opposite Bruton Church)

CQUltamsburg, Va.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

TMI FRANKLIN PRIS CO.

PKTCHSBuna, v*.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
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