02.09.2015.

Adieselengineprotectionsystemsandalarms|MarineNotes

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HomeAdieselengineprotectionsystemsandalarmsAdieselengineprotectionsystemsandalarms

SAZNAJTEVIE

SHVAAM

A diesel engine protection systems and alarms

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Adieselengineisdesignedwithprotectionsystemstoalertthe
operatorsofabnormalconditions
andtopreventtheenginefromdestroyingitself.
Overspeeddevice
Becauseadieselisnotselfspeedlimiting,afailureinthegovernor,
injectionsystem,orsuddenlossofloadcouldcausethedieselto
overspeed.Anoverspeedconditionisextremelydangerousbecause
enginefailureisusuallycatastrophicandcanpossiblycausethe
engineto
flyapart.
Anoverspeeddevice,usuallysometypeofmechanicalflyweight,will
act
tocutofffueltotheengineandalarmatacertainpresetrpm.Thisis
usuallyaccomplishedbyisolatingthegovernorfromitsoilsupply,
causing
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02.09.2015.

Adieselengineprotectionsystemsandalarms|MarineNotes

ittotraveltothenofuelposition,oritcanoverridethegovernorand
directlytripthefuelracktothenofuelposition.
Waterjacket
Watercooledenginescanoverheatifthecoolingwatersystemfails
to
removewasteheat.Removalofthewasteheatpreventstheengine
from
seizingduetoexcessiveexpansionofthecomponentsunderahigh
temperaturecondition.Thecoolingwaterjacketiscommonlywhere
the
sensorforthecoolingwatersystemislocated.
Thewaterjackettemperaturesensorsprovideearlywarningof
abnormal
enginetemperature,usuallyanalarmfunctiononly.Thesetpointis
set
suchthatiftheconditioniscorrectedinatimelymanner,significant
enginedamagewillbeavoided.Butcontinuedengineoperationat
the
alarmtemperatureorhighertemperatureswillleadtoengine
damage.
Exhausttemperatures
Inadieselengine,exhausttemperaturesareveryimportantandcan
provideavastamountofinformationregardingtheoperationofthe
engine.Highexhausttemperaturecanindicateanoverloadingofthe
engineorpossiblepoorperformanceduetoinadequatescavenging
(the
coolingeffect)intheengine.Extendedoperationwithhighexhaust
temperaturescanresultindamagetotheexhaustvalves,piston,
and
cylinders.Theexhausttemperatureusuallyprovidesonlyanalarm
function.
Lowlubeoilpressure
Lowoilpressureorlossofoilpressurecandestroyanenginein
short
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02.09.2015.

Adieselengineprotectionsystemsandalarms|MarineNotes

order.Therefore,mostmediumtolargerengineswillstopuponlow
or
lossofoilpressure.Lossofoilpressurecanresultintheengine
seizing
duetolackoflubrication.Engineswithmechanicalhydraulic
governors
willalsostopduetothelackofoiltothegovernor.
Theoilpressuresensorusuallystopstheengine.Theoilpressure
sensors
onlargerenginesusuallyhavetwolowpressuresetpoints.One
setpoint
providesearlywarningofabnormaloilpressure,analarmfunction
only.
Thesecondsetpointcanbesettoshutdowntheenginebefore
permanent
damageisdone.
Highcrankcasepressure
Highcrankcasepressureisusuallycausedbyexcessiveblowby
(gas
pressureinthecylinderblowingbythepistonringsandintothe
crankcase).Thehighpressureconditionindicatestheengineisin
poor
condition.Thehighcrankcasepressureisusuallyusedonlyasan
alarm
function.

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Mostmidsizedtolargedieselengineshave(asaminimum)the
following
protectivealarmsandtrips.
Engineoverspeedalarm/trip
Highwaterjackettemperaturealarm
Highexhausttemperaturealarm
Lowlubeoilpressure(alarmand/ortrip)
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02.09.2015.

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