Chapter 3

GALLEON

TRADE

For 250 years, Spanish trading ships sailed the Pacific Ocean bringing goods from
Manila in the Philippines to Acapulco in Spanish America (which included, during this
period, most of the southern United States from California to Florida).

ILUSTRADOS
They were the middle class who were educated in Spanish and exposed to Spanish
liberal and European nationalist ideals. The Ilustrado class was composed of nativeborn intellectuals and cut across ethnolinguistic and racial linesIndios, Insulares, and
mestizos, among othersand sought reform through a more equitable arrangement of
both political and economic power under Spanish tutelage.

SOCIAL CLASSES
The peninsulares or the Spaniards born in Spain is in the upper class. The Spanish
mestizos Principalia and Chinese mestizos is in the middle class and Indios or natives
in the lower class.

CHAPTER 4

CARLOS MA. DE LA TORRE

A Spanish soldier and politician. He served as Governor-General of the Philippines from
1869 to 1871, and is considered to be the most beloved of the Spanish GovernorsGeneral ever assigned in the Philippines.

CAVITE MUTINY OF 1872

The Cavite Mutiny of 1872 was an uprising of military personnel of Fort San Felipe, the
Spanish arsenal in Cavite,[1]:107 Philippines on January 20, 1872. Around 200 soldiers
and laborers rose up in the belief that it would elevate to a national uprising.

CHAPTER 5

CALAMBA LAGUNA
It is the regional center of the CALABARZON region. It is situated 54 kilometres (34 mi)
south of Manila, the city is known as the Resort Capital of the Philippines [4] because of
its numerous hot spring resorts, which are mostly located in Barangay Pansol, Bucal
and Bagong Kalsada. The City of Calamba is the hometown of the Philippine national
hero, Jose Rizal

FATHER RUFINO COLLANTES

Rizal wasbaptized by Father Rufino Collantes at the Calamba Catholic Church.

FATHER PEDRO CASANAS

His godfather was Father Pedro Casanas, a Filipino priest of a Kalamba family.

SATURNINA RIZAL
was the eldest sister of Philippine national hero Jos Rizal. She was married to Manuel
T. Hidalgo, a native and one of the richest persons in Tanauan, Batangas. She was
known as Neneng.

PACIANO RIZAL
the only brother of Jose Rizal and the second child. Studied at San Jose College in
Manila, became a farmer and later a general of the Philippine Revolution.

NARCISA RIZAL
The third child, married to Antonio Lopez of Morong, Rizal. She was a teacher and
musician.

OLYMPIA RIZAL
The fourth child married Silvestre Ubaldo. She died in 1887 from childbirth.

LUCIA RIZAL
The fifth child, she married Matriano Herbosa.

MARIA RIZAL
The sixth child, married to Danel Faustino Cruz of Bian, Laguna.

JOSE RIZAL
The second son and the seventh child. He was executed by the Spaniards on
December 30, 1896.

CONCEPCION RIZAL
The eight child. She died at the age of three.

JOSEFA RIZAL
The ninth child. She was an epileptic, died a spinster.

TRINIDAD RIZAL
The tenth child. She died a spinster and the last of the family to die.

SOLEDAD RIZAL
The youngest child, she was married to Pantaleon Quintero.