2)

Central nerveous system

brain

cranial nerve
peripheral nerve

Spinal cord

a) Thalamus
b)Serebelum
c) medulla oblongata
d) pituitary gland
e) hypothalamus
f) cerebrum
1) A) outgoing , ingoing, cerebrum
b) Sensory receptors, cerebrum
2) Muscle contraction
Body movements
Body balancing
3) Involuntary actions
b)Heartbeats, peristalsis, breathing
c)vomiting, sneezing, swallow
4) Homeostasis
b)sleep, hunger, water balance
c) pituitary gland, nervous, endocrine glands
5) Hormones. Controls
6)
ai)Largest, complex
ii) cerebral cortex, increase surface area
b)sensory input, integrative,motor response
ii) voluntary muscle movement, sensory perception
iii) learning, memory, language skills, speech
m/s 81
a) Afferent
Receptor
Brain
Spinal cord

c)Interneurone

spinal nerve

Brain, spinal cord

Afferent neurones, efferent neurones
Synaptic terminal
b) neurone motoe( efferent neurone)
Brain or spinsl cord
Effector

dendrit

Cell body

axon

Neurons
Cell body

Nucleus
Organel
Integrates
coordinates

Cell bosy
Myelin sheath

Synaptic
terminal
Muscle cells
Gland
Dendrites

m/s 80
1)vertebral column
2) cerebrospinal fluid
Shock absorber
Cell bodies
a) white matter
cell bodies

b) myelin-coated axon

g) afferent neurones

c) axon , afferent neurones

h) interneurones

d) ganglion
cell bodies
afferent neurones

i)

efferent neurones

3) sensory information
Responses
Efferent neurones
Neurones
Brain

e) spinal nerve
f) axons
efferent neurones

Reflex action

m/s 82

1)
2)
3)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)

electrical signals, nerve impulse

axon
Stimulus
Receptor
Neuron afferent
Interneurone
Brain, efferent neurones
Efectors
Muscles, responses
Reponse

m/s 83
1) Two neurones
2)
Axon

mitochondria

Synaptic vesicles

receptor

Synaptic terminals

dendrite receptors

Synaptic cleft
Myelin sheath

3)
a) impulse, presynaptic pra-sinaps, synaptic terminals
b) synaptic vesicles, neurotransmitter, acetylcholine
c) mitochondria, energy, active
d) diffuses, receptors, post-synaptic membrane
e) electrical impulse

f) electrical impulse, chemical impulse, one

m/s 84
ii)

3) i) controlling, integrating the nerve impulse

one direction

Cerebral cortex of cerebrum

conciuos
Walking , singing
Stimulusreceptorcerebral cortex in
brain efector

Medulla oblongata
automatically
Peristalsis, beating of heart, the reflex
arc.
Stimulus receptorsmedulla
oblongata efector

The reflex arc

Afferent neurone, interneurone,
efferent neurone , spinal cord
1) Sharp pin
2) Sensory neurone
Nerve impulses
3)
4) spinal cord
Nerve impulses
5)
6)biceps muscle
7)contracts

Affrerent neurone, effererent neurone,

spinal cord
1) Tendon, quadriceps muscle, bone
2) Stretch receptor
3)
4) spinalcord
5)
6) quadriceps muscle
7) contracts, forward