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Home> IndianDynasties>HoysalaDynasty

History
HoysalaDynastywasaprominentSouthIndianKannadigaempirethatruledmostofmodern
day state of Karnataka from 10th to 14th centuries. Initially the capital of the Hoysalas was
locatedatBelurbutwaslatermovedtoHalebidu.TheHoysalaswereoriginallyhillpeopleof
Malnad Karnataka, an elevated region in the Western Ghats range. In 12th century, taking
advantageofthewarfarebetweenthethenWesternChalukyasandKalachurikingdoms,they
alsotookoverpresentdayKarnatakaandthefertileareasnorth of the Kaveri River delta of
thepresentdayTamilNadu.By13thcentury,theygovernedmostofpresentdayKarnataka,
minorpartsofTamilNaduandpartsofwesternAndhraPradeshinDeccanIndia.

StandingonthetopofBenneguddahill,itisreallyinterestingtoviewineverydirection.Spreadingtothenorthwefindtheruinsof
ancientcityofDwarasamudraanditstemplesofstone.ThecityofDwarasamudrathatonceencompassedofBenneguddawas
built by the kings of thousandyear old Hoysala Dynasty. The Hoysalas came into existence in the period when the Chalukya
Kings dominated the northern parts of Karnataka, while their was struggle between the Cholas and Gangas for dominion in the
south.

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TheancestorsoftheHoysalasjoinedhandswiththeGangasinthewaragainstCholas,andeventuallybuilttheirownEmpireon
theedgeofMalnadregion.TheymadethecapitalasDwarasamudrainlaterhalfof11thcentury,whichisnowcalledHalebeedu.
TheirkingdomspreadacrossinsouthtoMaduraiandLakkundiinthenorth.TheHoysalaDyanstywasestablishedandfoundby
Nripa Kama II, came into political prominence during the rule of King Vishnuvardhana (11081152). In the days of their prime,
Vishnuvardhana,theHoysalaking,defeatedtheCholasinTalakaduwhoruledinthefirsthalfoftwelfthcenturyandhesupported
construction of ornate temples of stone all along his kingdom. The Kingdom declined gradually after its defeat by the Khilji
dynastyinvadersin1311.

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the famous Hoysaleshwara Temple and the large lake of the Hoysala Dynasty attract
travellersindronesfromallovertheworld.South,notfarfromHoysaleshwaraTemple,
is another complex of finely carved structures of stone that have weathered the times.
Finally west is an open expanse of villages and fields, with tall hills of Western Ghats
visibleinthehorizon.

Thebestsculpturesareseenonthesouthdoorofthetemple,whichwasusedbythekingandtheroyalfamily.Thedoorkeepers
here are framed to a fine detail, with every bead in their ornament highlighted distinctly. To the east are two Nandi Mantapas,
eachofthemfacingadeityofthetemple.TheNandisarethesixthandseventhlargeststatuesofthebullinthecountry.
South of Hoysaleshwara temple is the smaller Kedareshwara temple, which shares architectural elements with its neighbour.
While the former is buzzing with activity of tour groups and guides, Kedareshwara Temple has a deserted calm, allowing the
visitortoexploreatonesownpace.

Place

Karnataka

Period

10thto14thCentury

Language

Kannada

Religion

Hindu

Kings

NripaKamaII,HoysalaVinayaditya,Ereyanga,Veera
BallalaI,Vishnuvardhana,NarasimhaI,VeeraBallala
II,ViraNarasimhaII,ViraSomeshwara,Narasimha
III,VeeraBallalaIII

Administration
The framework of Hosalya Dynasty was inherited from Chalukyas. The Hosalyas divided the kingdom into Nadus, Kampanas,
Vishayas and Deshas. The officer who managed small territories units like nadus in the kingdom were called as Nadaprabhu,
Nadagauda and Nadasenabhova. Each was governed by a minister called Mahapradhana who headed the local body. The
treasure Bhandari who reported to the province was known as Dandanyaka. Dandanyakas were in responsible for charge of
armies and the chief justice namely the Dharmadhikari of the Hoysala Court. The supervisors or officials Heggaddes and
Gavundas used to supervise the local farmers and labourers. The person who looked after the towns and who had both civil &
militaryfunctionswascalledthePattanaswami.
Economy
TheeconomyduringtheHoysalasperiodwaspredominantlyAgrarian.Therewereveryfewbasicindustrieswhichflourished.The
trade was very decent and organized into guilds, which helped in the growth and promotion of fair trade. The Hoysalas had
contactsandtradewithChola,Chera,Magdha,Malaya,Pandya,Kosala,Persia,Nepal,Arabiaandothercountries.
Religion

The Hoysalas followed Hinduism along with Jainism and Buddhism. We can find the evidence in
the Jain Places in Shravanbelagola and Kambadahalli. The important inspired Philosphers
Basavvana, Madhavacharya and Ramanajacharya spotted the religious movements which are
found in Hoysala rule. Hoysalas were the most powerful and had great valour.The Dynasty is
known for its intense blend of bravery and cultural richness which is an epitome in the history of
India.

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