Ch 1 Rate of Reaction

RATE OF REACTION
1

Volume
of gas
/cm3

10

20

30

Volume
of
hydrogen
gas /cm3

Time/s

The figure shows the graph of total volume of gas

liberated against time for a reaction between
marble and hydrochloric acid. It can be deduced
from the graph that
A the rate of reaction at the 10th second is lower
than the rate of reaction a the 20th second.
B the total volume of gas collected for the first
v
20 seconds is cm3
2
C the total volume of gas collected in the
experiment is v cm3
D rate of gas production is maximum at the 40th
second.
Which of the following acids will produce a
highest rate of reaction when 1 g of calcium
carbonate is added to it?
A 50.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 nitric acid
B 50.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
C 50.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid
D 100 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid

The graph shows the total volume of hydrogen

gas liberated against time when a metal reacts
with an acid in Experiment P and Experiment Q.
Which of the following explains the difference
between the two curves obtained in the
experiments?
I
II
III
IV
A
B
C
D
5

3
Mass of
flask and
contents
/g

100

II

50 -

III

0 20

30

40

50

60

70

IV
A
B
C
D

Time/s

A flask containing calcium carbonate and dilute

hydrochloric acid was placed on a top-pan
balance. The mass was recorded every 10
seconds. When was the reaction slowest?
A 0 seconds
B 20 seconds
C 40 seconds
D 60 seconds

The temperature of acid in Experiment P is

higher than that in Experiment Q.
A catalyst is used in Experiment P but not in
Experiment Q.
The number of moles of acid and metal used
in Experiment P is more than that in
Experiment Q
Metal powder is used in Experiment P but
metal granules are used in Experiment Q
III and IV only
I, II and III only
I, II and IV only
I, II, III and IV

Marble chips react with hydrochloric acid to form

carbon dioxide gas. Which of the following
explains why the rate of carbon dioxide produced
decreases with time?
I

Experiment Q

40

Time/s

Experiment P

The total surface area of the marble chips

decrease with time
The concentration of hydrochloric acid
decreases with time
Calcium chloride formed covers the surface
of the marble chips
Heat energy is given off to the surrounding
I and II only
III and IV only
I, II and IV only
I, III and IV only

Which of the following, when mixed together,

will liberate gas at the highest rate?
A 5 g of limestone powder and 0.2 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid
B 5 g of limestone granules and 0.2 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid
C 10 g of limestone powder and 0.1 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid
D 10 g of limestone powder and 0.2 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid
Pn. Looi / 019-2379280

2-

5C2O4 (aq) + 16H (aq) + 2MnO4 (aq)

Gas X and gas Y at room temperature, are put into

the syringe as shown in the diagram. Which of
the following procedures will increase the rate of
formation of Z?
I Remove some of the mixture from the syringe
II Put the syringe in water at room temperature
III Pump in a small quantity of helium
IV Push the piston downwards

2+

10CO2(g) + 8H2O(l) + 2Mn (aq)

In the above reaction between ethanadioic ion
(C2O42-) and acidified potassium manganate(VII),
excess acidified potassium manganate(VII) is
used. The rate of reaction can be determined by
measuring
A the time for the Mn2+ ions to form
B the time for the colour of MnO4- to disappear
C the mass of the manganate salt formed after a
certain time
D the time taken to collect a fixed volume of
carbon dioxide.
8

A I, II, III and IV

B I, II and III only

12 Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)

Zink powder was added to excess hydrochloric
acid in an experiment. Which of the following
graphs represent the change in the reactants and
products with time?

In a chemical reaction, a catalyst increases the

rate of reaction by
A decreasing the activation energy of the
reaction
B increasing the energy of the particles of the
reactants
C reducing the frequency of effective collisions
D increasing the frequency of collision between
the particles of the reactants

time

III

Volume
of gas

Concentration
of
zinc chloride

A
B
C
D

time

IV

time

time

I and III only

I, II and IV only
II, III and IV only
I, II, III and IV

13
Experiment

piston

II
Mixture of gas X
and gas Y

III

X(g) + Y(g) Z(g)

Concentration
of hydrochloric
acid

11

Gas X reacts with gas Y according to the

following equation:

II

Concentration
of hydrochloric
acid

The time taken for 5 g of marble chips to react

completely with 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid can be increased by
A adding water to the reactants
B adding a catalyst
C replacing 5 g of marble chips with 5 g of
marble powder
D adding concentrated hydrochloric acid to the
reactants

10 Magnesium ribbons of the same length are put

into a few acid solutions . In which of the
following acids will the magnesium disappear
fastest?
A 100 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid
B 100 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 etanoic acid
C 100 cm3 of 1mol dm-3 nitric acid
D 200 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid

C II and III only

D IV only

Reactants

Initial rate
of reaction

2 g magnesium ribbon
and 10 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid

2 g magnesium powder
and 10 cm3 1.5 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid

2 g magnesium powder
and 10 cm3 1 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid

The table shows three experiments carried out to

study the initial rate of reaction of magnesium
and hydrochloric acid.

Arrange in increasing order, the rate of reaction of

the three experiments
A p, q, r
C r, p, q
B p, r, q
D q, r, p
14

I
II

Volume
of
oxygen
/cm3

copper(II)
oxide
/g
1
1

hydrogen
peroxide
/cm3
50
100

of hydrogen
peroxide
/ mol dm-3
1.0
0.5

Two experiments were carried out to measure the

rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide,
catalysed by copper(II) oxide. Which of the
following graphs show the volume of oxygen
liberated against time?

Time/s

The curve P in the diagram shows the

decomposition of 20 cm3 of 0.40 mol dm-3
hydrogen peroxide at 30oC, using 0.2 g of
manganese(IV) oxide as a catalyst. Which of the
following will result in the curve Q?

Volume
of gas

Experiment II

Volume
of gas

Experiment I

Experiment I

Time

Time

20

0.25

0.4

30

25

0.40

0.2

30

40

0.25

0.2

30

N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)

40

0.40

0.2

40

Which of the following graphs represents the

change in the concentration of ammonia against
time?

Volume of hydrogen
peroxide / cm3

/ oCTemp-erature

Quantity of
manganese(IV) oxide
/g

Experiment II

Concentration of
hydrogen peroxide
/ mol dm-3

Experiment

Expt

15 Which of the following are characteristics of a

catalyst?
I It changes the rate of a reaction
II Its mass does not change after the reaction
III It increases the quantity of the products
IV Its effect on the rate of reaction depends on its
surface area
A I only
B II and IV only
C I, II and IV only
D I, II, III and IV

Volume
of gas

Experiment I

Volume
of gas

Experiment II

Experiment II

Time

Time

17 Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to form ammonia

according to the following equation:

Concentration

Concentration

Time

B
Concentration

Time

D
Concentration

Time

18

16
Mass of

Volume of

Concentration

Experiment I

Time

Volume of
oxygen / cm3

t1

t2

Time / minute

II the activation energy of the reaction decreases

III the frequency of effective collision increases
IV the energy required to break the chemical
bonding decreases
A I only
B I and III only
C II and III only
D II and IV only

The graph shows the volume of oxygen produced

against time for the decomposition of sodium
chlorate(I), NaClO.
2NaClO(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + O2(g)
Which of the following can be deduced from the
graph?
I The average rate at which the gas is liberated
v
during the period t1 is
cm3 minute-1.
t1
II The rate of gas liberated is higher at the
beginning of the experiment.
III The rate of gas liberated at t2 is zero
IV The rate of decomposition of sodium chlorate
decreases with time
A
B
C
D

I, II and III only

I, III and IV only
II, III and IV only
I, II, III and IV

Volume of
hydrogen 40
/ cm3

22

30

The graph shows the total volume of hydrogen

gas liberated against time when magnesium reacts
with excess sulfuric acid. Which of the following
graph will be obtained if a little copper(II)
sulphate is added?
A

C
Volume
40
of
hydrogen
/ cm3

50

Volume
of
hydrogen
/ cm3

30

19 Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into oxygen and

water as shown in the following equation.
2H2O2 2H2O + O2

A
B
C
D

0.05 mol dm-3

0.05 mol dm-3
0.02 mol dm-3
0.02 mol dm-3

20 Which of the following pairs of substances will

produce the highest initial rate of reaction?
A 40 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 HCl and 1 g marble
pieces
B 20 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 HCl and 1 g marble
powder
C 40 cm3 of 3 mol dm-3 HCl and 1 g marble
powder
D 40 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 HCl and 1 g marble
powder
21 An increase in temperature will result in a higher
rate of reaction because
I the kinetic energy of the reactant particles
increases

Time / s

Volume
of
hydrogen
/ cm3 25

Volume
40
of
hydrogen
/ cm3

Temperature
21oC
28oC
25oC
28oC

20

Time / s

Which of the following solutions containing

hydrogen peroxide will decompose at the highest
rate?
Concentration

Time / s

40 Time / s

30

Time / s

23. Which of the following conditions will result in

the highest rate of reaction when a fixed quantity
of zinc is added to 100 cm3 of sulphuric acid?
Concentration
of sulphuric
acid / mol dm-

Temperature
/oC

Zink

A
1.0
25
Granular
B
1.5
20
Granular
C
0.5
30
Powdered
D
2.0
30
Powdered
24 Which of the following pairs are matched
wrongly?
Industrial Process
A Contact Process

Catalyst
Vanadium(V) oxide

B Haber Process
Iron filing
C Ostwald Process
Nickel
D Cracking of Petroleum Aluminium oxide
25 The function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction
is to
A increase the kinetic energy of the particles of
the reactants
B provide an alternative pathway with a lower
activation energy
C promote collision between the particles of the
reactants
D absorb heat from the reactants
26 The initial rate of reaction between hydrochloric
acid and 0.l mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate
solution can be increased if
A the volume of sodium thiosulphate solution is
increased
B 50 cm3 of water is added to the sodium
thiosulphate solution
C 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate solution is
used instead of 0.1 mol dm-3
D the temperature of acid hydrochloric solution
is decreased
27 Which of the following properties of a catalyst
will never change during a reaction?
A appearance
B surface area
C physical state
D chemical composition

Which statement about section XY of the curve is

correct?
A All the magnesium has reacted
B No more hydrogen is being produced
C The concentration of the acid is decreasing
D The speed of reaction is at its maximum
30
Time / s

30

60

90

Volume
of gas
/cm3

0 2.0 3.7 5.2

Larger

Smaller

D Smaller

Acid

Temperature

Less
concentrated
More
concentrated
Less
concentrated
More
concentrated

Lower
Higher
Lower
Higher

29 The graph shows how the total volume of

hydrogen produced by a reaction between
hydrochloric acid and excess magnesium varied
with time.
Total volume of
hydrogen
produced

Time

210

6.4

8.6

7.3

8.6

The table shows the total volume of gas collected

at regular intervals in a reaction. What is the
average rate of reaction in the second minute?
A 0.040 cm3s-1
B 0.045 cm3s-1
C 0.053 cm3s-1
D 0.062 cm3s-1

28 A chemical reaction between a solid and an acid

is too fast for safe use by a class of students.
Which set of changes is most likely to make the
reaction safe for the students to use?
Piece of
solid
A Larger

120 150 180

Chapter 1 Rate of reaction

Answers
1. C
2. B

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.

D
C
A
D
D
A
A
A
D
C
B
C
C
B
D
D
B
C
B
C
D
C
B
C
D
A
B
B