M.Austin: No.

25-01 Jalan Austin Heights 8/3, Taman Mount Austin (Tel: 07-3000375)
Name of
student
Subject
Topic

Teachers
Name
Class
Lesson no

Wong SP

Form 2 Science
F2 SCI
Chapter 5
- Physical properties
Sub-topic
- Composition
Date
21/3/2015
- Eva vs boiling
Day/Time
Saturday / 2.30pm-4.30pm
1 The theory of kinetic gas states that molecules in a gas are always moving freely and
constantly colliding against the wall of its container.
Teori gas kinetic menyatakan bahawa molekul dalam gas sentiasa bergerak bebas dan
berlanggar dengan dinding bekasnya.
2 The high frequency of collision between air molecules against the wall of its container will
produce a force of pushing against the wall of the container.
Berlanggaran molekul gas dengan dinding bekasnya menghasilkan satu daya yang menolak ke
arah dinding bekas.
3 This force is called air pressure.
Daya tersebut dinamakan sebagai tekanan udara
4 According to scientists, air pressure is force per unit area produced by the collision of air
molecules against the wall of its container.
Menurut pakar sains, tekanan udara ialah daya per unit keluasan yang dihasilkan oleh langgaran
molekul gas dengan bekasnya.
5 Air pressure increases if the frequency of collision between the gas molecules and the wall of
its container increases.
Tekanan udara meningkat sekiranya kadar berlanggar antara molekul gas dengan dindingan
meningkat.

1 Air pressure depends on two main factors, i.e.

(a) volume of gas / isipadu gas

(b)

temperature of gas / suhu gas

2 Air pressure caused by the atmosphere (layer of air surrounding the Earth) is called the
atmospheric pressure.
Tekanan udara yang disebabkan oleh atmosfera dipanggil tekanan atmosfera.
3 Atmospheric pressure is not influenced by the surface area of an object. It depends on the
height of the object from the sea level.
Tekanan atmosfera tidak bergantung pada keluasan permukaan objek, ia bergantung kepada
ketinggian objek daripada permukaan laut.
4 The higher the object from sea level, the thinner the atmosphere and the lower the atmospheric
pressure.
Semakin tinggi objek daripada permukaan laut, semakin rendah tekanan atmosfera.
5 A barometer is an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure.

Applications of Principles of Air Pressure

1 There are many devices used in everyday life that operate on the principles of air pressure.
2 For example, a syringe, a siphon, the suction pump of a sprayer and a drinking straw.

Gases Under High Pressure

1 Gas particles can be compressed at higher pressure because spaces between gas particles
are bigger.
Zarah-zarah gas boleh ditekan dengan tekanan yang tinggi kerana ruang antara zarah gas
besar.
2 At high pressure, distances between gas particles are less.
Dalam keadaan tekanan tinggi, jarak antara zarah-zarah adalah kecil
3 Gas particles compressed will undergo changes in state to liquid.
Zarah-zarah gas yang ditekan akan mengalami penukaran kepada cecair.
4 This enables gases to be stored in liquid form in tanks or aerosols.
Ini membolehkan gas disimpan dalam keadaan cecair dalam silinder gas atau tin aerosol.
6 Since the volume of liquid is smaller than the volume of gas, the storage of gas in liquid form
saves cost and facilitates transportation.
Oleh sebab isipadu cecair lebih kecil daripada isipadu gas, simpanan gas dalam keadaan
cecair menjimatkan kos dan memudahkan pengangkutan.
7 Examples of using gas under high pressure:
Contoh penggunaan gas dalam tekanan tinggi
(a)Vehicles that use natural gas have tanks that are cylinder-shaped to store liquid natural gas.
Kenderaan gas asli menggunakan silinder gas untuk menyimpan gas asli.
(b)Liquid oxygen tanks are used by divers and astronauts.
Angkasawan menggunakan tangki oksigen yang dipenuhi dengan oksigen dalam cecair.
(c)Gas tanks for cooking contain liquid petroleum gas (LPG).
Silinder gas yang mengandungi liquid petroleum gas (LPG).

10