Table 01: C&CI Procedure for Mix Design

C&CI Step

Calculati

Strength of Concrete:

Stone Size

Specify Slump

4,5,6

Specify:

Cementicious Material

Select Stone

Select Sand

10

Characterise Cement:

Relative Density of Cement (Dc)

11

Characterise Stone:

12

Characterise Sand:

13

Select w:b ratio

14

Water Content (W)

15

Cement Content (C):

16

Stone Content:

17

Sand Content:

Design

Calculation
Compressive Strength

(MPa)

25

Minimum Margin

(MPa)

Target Strength

(MPa)

30

(mm)

25

(mm)

Cement Type

CEM I 42.5N

Maximum w:c Ratio

0.44

Minimum Cement

Material

100%

CEM I 42.5N

0%

Fly Ash (FA)

60%

Kliphewel Sand

40%

Philippi Dune Sand

RD of CEM I 42.5N

70%

3.14

RD of Fly Ash (FA)

30%

2.3

ty of Cement (Dc)
CBD

2.83
(kg/m3)

Da

1720
2.7

Grading

Well Graded

Ds

2.69

Grading

Well Graded

FM

2.46

0.35

(W)

(l/m3)

170

Total

(kg/m3)

486

CEM I 42.5N

(kg/m3)

486

Fly Ash (FA)

(kg/m3)

0
1.00

Ma (unadjusted)

(kg/m3)

1297

Ma (adjusted due to FA)

(kg/m3)

1362

Total

(kg/m3)

414

Kliphewel Sand

(kg/m3)

248

Philippi Dune Sand

(kg/m3)

165

Table 02: Constituents Avaliable

Constituent
Sand

Type of Constituent
Kliphewel Sand
Philippi Dune Sand
9,5 mm Greywacke Stone
13,2 mm Greywacke Stone

Stone

19,0 mm Greywacke Stone

26,5 mm Greywacke Stone
37,5 mm Greywacke Stone

Cement

CEM I 42.5N
Fly Ash (FA)

Cement Extenders

GGBS
CDF

Table 03: Degrees of Control, SD and Margins

Control

Standard Deviation (SD)

(MPa)

Poor

Average

Good

Table 04: Water Requirements of Concrete Mixes

Sand Quality

Water Content (l/m3)

Natural

Very Poor

240

Poor

225

Average

210

Good

195

Excellent

180

Table 05: Adjustment of Water Content to compensate for Stone Siz

Stone Used
9,5 mm Greywacke
13,2 mm Greywacke
19 mm Greywacke

Maximum Size of Stone

(mm)
9.5
13.2
19

26,5 mm Greywacke

26.5

37,5 mm Greywacke

37.5

Table 06: Slump Range

Relative Density
2.7
2.67

Type of Construction
Reinforced foundation walls and footings

Plain footings, caissons and substructure walls

2.7

Beams and reinforced walls

2.7

Building columns

2.7

Pavements and slabs

2.7

Mass concrete

2.7
3.14
2.3

Concrete Workability

2.8

Low Workability

2.1

Moderate Workability
High Workability

argins

Table 07: Values of K for determining sto

Min Margin
(MPa)
11.5

Approximate Slump
Range (mm)

10
8.5

75 - 150
25 - 100
0 -25

ete Mixes

60 - 125
25 - 50

ater Content (l/m3)

Crusher

235

Table 08: Increase of stone content when

225
215
205
195

FA content as % by
mass of total
cementicious material
15
20

to compensate for Stone Sizes

30
40

Correction
(l/m3)
20
10
0
-10
-20

50

Range

pe of Construction

Slump (mm)

ation walls and footings

25-75

ssons and substructure walls

25-75

rced walls

25-100
25-100

abs

25-75
25-50

oncrete Workability

ility

Slump
(mm)

Tolerance
(mm)

50

15

50 - 100

25

100

40

s of K for determining stone content

K
Placing Requirement

Maximum Size of Stone (mm)

9.5

13.2

19.0

Hand Compaction

0.75

0.84

0.94

Moderate Vibration

0.80

0.90

1.00

Heavy Vibration

1.00

1.05

1.08

Pumped

0.83

0.86

Concrete Roads

se of stone content when using FA

Percentage Additional
Stone
3
4
5
6
7

e of Stone (mm)
26.5

37.5

1.00

1.05

1.06

1.10

1.10

1.15

0.87

Table 01: C&CI Procedure for Mix Design

C&CI Step
1

Calculation
Strength of Concrete:

Compressive Strength
Minimum Margin
Target Strength

Maximum Stone Size:

Specify Slump:

Specify:

Cement Type

Maximum w:c Ratio

Minimum Cement

Cementicious Material:

CEM I (42.5)
FA
GGBS
CSF

Select Stone:

Gravel (5 - 10mm)
Gravel (10 - 15mm)
Gravel (15 - 25mm)

Select Sand

Sand05

10

Characterise Cement:

Dc

11

Characterise Stone:

CBD
Da
Grading

12

Characterise Sand:

Ds
Grading
FM

13

Select w:b ratio

14

Water Content (W)

15

Cement Content (C):

Total
CEM I (42.5)
FA
GGBS
CSF

16

Stone Content:

K
Ma (unadjusted)

17

Sand Content:

Total
Sand05

Table 02: Cementitious Constituents

ation

Constituent
(MPa)

30

(MPa)

10

(MPa)

40

(mm)

25

(mm)

CEM I (42.5N)

0.44

100%

0%

0%

0%

29%

40%

31%

100%
3.10

(kg/m3)

2210
2.79
Well Graded
2.70
Well Graded
2.89
0.44

(l/m3)

162

(kg/m3)

368

(kg/m3)

368

(kg/m3)

(kg/m3)

(kg/m3)

1
2

0.87
(kg/m3)

1284

(kg/m3)

700

(kg/m3)

700

Table 02: Cementitious Constituents

Table 02: Cem

Constituent

Type of Constituent

Cement
Portland Cement

Constitue
1

CEM I (42.5N)

3.10

Fly Ash

FA

2.30

Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag

GGBS

2.80

Condensed Silica Fume

CDF

2.10

Cement Extenders
2

Table 02: Cementitious Constituents

Constituent

Type of Constituent

Coarse Aggregate
Caxito

Gravel (5 - 10mm)

2.78

Gravel (10 - 15mm)

2.78

Gravel (15 - 25mm)

2.82

Sand05

2.70

Fine Aggregate
Bom Jesus

Table 07: Values of K for determining stone content

Approximate
Slump Range
(mm)
75 - 150
25 - 100
0 -25
60 - 125
25 - 50

Placing Requirement
Hand Compaction
Moderate Vibration
Heavy Vibration
Pumped
Concrete Roads

9.5
0.75
0.80
1.00
-

K
Maximum Size of Stone
13.2
0.84
0.90
1.05
0.83
-

K
Maximum Size of Stone (mm)
19.0
26.5
0.94
1.00
1.00
1.06
1.08
1.10
0.86
0.87
-

37.5
1.05
1.10
1.15
-

Constituent
Cement

CEM I 42.5N

Admixtures

Sika Plast 525

Water
Fine Aggregate

Sand05

Coarse Aggregate

Gravel 5/10
Gravel 10/15
Gravel 15/25

Mass Volume

Absolute Volume

(kg/m3)

(kg/m3)

368.2

118.8

3.3

2.7

Mw

162.0

162.0

Ms

700.4

259.4

372.4

133.9

513.6

184.7

398.0

141.2

2517.9

1000.0

Symbol

Mc

Ma

(SUM)