Reg.No.

:
VIVEKANANDHA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING FOR WOMEN
(Autonomous)
Elayampalayam 637 205, Tiruchengode, Namakkal Dt., Tamil Nadu.

Question Paper Code:

ANSWER KEY
PART A
1. b -Increasing temperature and pressure
2. b L/R
3. b aircraft
4. b Increase
5. d f0/2
6. b 2 KW
7. a- Selectivity
8. d- Both a and b
9. a Active power
10. a - 1
11. a - an undamped
12. a - 0.25A
13. a - Stray loss
14. a - Shunt branch parameters
15. a- Main winding
L/C
16. d - R<2
17. b 55-65%
18. a- Less than meter resistance
19. c- damping
20. c- The change in same reading when the input is first increasing and then decreasing

PART B
21. d - 1.634
22. d 0.866
23 c - 173.2 Nm
24.d - 0.073 H
25.a- 35-40%
26.b 300 rad/sec
27.d- 0.5
28.c-62.9Hz
29.d-198
30.c-23 A and 5290 W

Part-C
31 a) Structure of power system

It contains a generating plant, a transmission system, a sub transmission system and a distribution
system. These subsystems are interconnected through transformers T1 , T2 and T3 . Let us consider some
typical voltage levels to understand the functioning of the power system. The electric power is generated
at a thermal plant with a typical voltage of 22 kV (voltage levels are usually specified line-to-line). This is
boosted up to levels like 400 kV through transformer T1 for power transmission. Transformer T2 steps this
voltage down to 66 kV to supply power

31 b) Steam and nuclear power generation

Steam generators are heat exchangers used to convert water into steam from heat
produced in a nuclear reactor core. They are used unpressurised between the primary and
secondary coolant loops.

32 a) EMF generation

A transformer is a device for stepping-up, or stepping-down, the voltage of an alternating

electric signal. Without efficient transformers, the transmission and distribution of AC electric
power over long distances would be impossible.. There are two circuits. Namely, the primary
circuit, and the secondary circuit. There is no direct electrical connection between the two
circuits, but each circuit contains a coil which links it inductively to the other circuit. In real
transformers, the two coils are wound onto the same iron core. The purpose of the iron core is to
channel the magnetic flux generated by the current flowing around the primary coil, so that as
much of it as possible also links the secondary coil. The common magnetic flux linking the two
coils is conventionally denoted in circuit diagrams by a number of parallel straight lines drawn
between the coils.

32 b) RLC circuit

Instantaneous Voltages for a Series RLC Circuit

33 a) i) Equivalent circuit for transformer

Equivalent Circuit of Transformer Referred to Secondary

In similar way, approximate equivalent circuit of transformer referred to secondary can be
drawn.
Where equivalent impedance of transformer referred to secondary, can be derived as

33a) ii) max =(po/(p0 + 2Pi)

Pi =0.153 kW
K2=(Pi/Pc)
Pc=0.7=272 kW
Pin=Po+Pi+K2Pc
20+0.153+0.272= 20.425

energy

= Wo/Win= (240/246.9)=97.2%

33 b) i) Induction motor
Two main types of Induction Motor. An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor or
squirrel-cage motor is a type of an AC (alternating current) motor. In an induction motor, power
is supplied to the rotor via an electromagnetic induction

33 b) ii) Tfl=(3/s)x(v2 (R2/Sfl)/(R/sfl)2+(X22)

Tmax=(3/s(0.5 V2/X2)
2/1=0.5(1+K2)X22/(kX22)
K=0.268

34a)

34b i) Speed control

34 b)ii)Armature reaction
In a DC machine, the main field is produced by field coils. In both the generating and
motoring modes, the armature carries current and a magnetic field is established, which is called
the armature flux. The effect of armature flux on the main field is called the armature reaction
35a)

35 b) Ea =Kam
T=Ka Ia =KIa
At no load
250-5x0.6=K x ((2x1000)/60)
K=2.36
When a driving a load of 100 Nm
Ia = (T/K) = (100/2.36)=4.24A
m=Ea/K = 95.15 rad/s
n=(60/2) m=909rpm
output =10kW at 1200 rpm
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Assuming linear magnetization Ea=KaIf m

T=KaIf Ia
From the data of no load operation If=(250/150)=1.67 A
Ka=(K/If)=1.413 250-0.6 Ia=10x1000
Ia=44.8 A Rf(total )=(250/1.257)=199
Rf(external )=199-150=49

36a)

The permanent magnet moving coil instrument or PMMC type instrument uses two
permanent magnets in order to create stationary magnetic field. These types of instruments are
only used for measuring the dc quantities as if we apply ac current to these type of instruments
the direction of current will be reversed during negative half cycle and hence the direction of
torque will also be reversed which gives average value of torque zero. The pointer will not
deflect due to high frequency from its mean position showing zero reading. However it can
measure the direct current very accurately.

36b)

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An oscilloscope, previously called an oscillograph, and informally known as a scope, CRO (for
cathode-ray oscilloscope), or DSO(for the more modern digital storage oscilloscope), is a type
of electronic test instrument that allows observation of constantly varying signal voltages,
usually as a two-dimensional plot of one or more signals as a function of time. Non-electrical
signals (such as sound or vibration) can be converted to voltages and displayed.

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