We recommend that you refer to the Instructions for Authors, which can be

found on the Author Instructions page of the submission websites, for specific
details. This template should be used as a guide for formatting your
manuscript. Failure to adhere to the guidelines in the Instructions for Authors
may result in the manuscripts return to the corresponding author for
correction.
Formatting Tips
1. Manuscripts must be submitted as Microsoft Word files.
2. Please upload the entire manuscript (from title page to figure
legends/tables, if applicable) as one file; do not upload each section
separately.
3. The page size should be set to US Letter. Settings for larger pages can
result in truncation of pages when the PDF proof is generated by the
submission website.
4. Do not embed tables or figures within the manuscript file. Tables must be
submitted as a separate Word file (with all tables in one file). Each table
should be on its own page to ensure that truncation of the tables does not
occur when the PDF proof is generated.
updated: 1/2012

Title:
Authors: First Name, Middle Initial(s) if applicable, Last Name, and Highest
Academic Degrees
Affiliations: Department, Institution, City, State or Province, Country (Use
superscripted numbers to identify which author belongs to which department and
institution.)
Corresponding Authors name and complete mailing address:
Phone:
Fax:
Email:
Key Words: 3 to 6 words or phrases
Running Title: 65 characters/spaces or less
Note: if any portion of the paper has been presented previously but not published,
please state where, when, and in what form the contents were presented.
Publication of an abstract alone (such as in meeting proceedings) does not
preclude submission of a manuscript. Deposit of a manuscript on a preprint server
(such as Nature Precedings) is considered prior paper publication and disallows
submission of a manuscript.

Structured Abstract (for clinical and laboratory reports) *Word limit: 450
Object: Goals of the study.
Methods: Methods used to achieve the study goals.
Results: Results/findings of the study.
Conclusion: Conclusions drawn from the work.
Abstracts for case reports, reviews, technical notes, and historical vignettes do not
need to be separated into sections. They should begin with a clear statement of the
papers purpose followed by appropriate details that support the authors
conclusion(s).
Abstracts are not permitted for case illustrations. The word limit for these papers
is 250.

Introduction: State the purpose of the article.

Materials and Methods/Case Material: Describe the methods used. Include
approval from the local institutional review board regarding human subjects or
information regarding the humane treatment of animals if applicable.
Results: Summarize the findings of the current (not previous) study.
Discussion: Emphasize the results and the significance of the study.
Conclusions: Restate the major findings and address their potential implications
or applications.

Disclosure:
Cite Sources of Support (if applicable): Name(s) of grantor(s), grant or contract
numbers, name of author who received the funding, and specific material support
given.
Describe any perceived Conflict(s) of Interest.
Acknowledgments: Thank individuals who contributed to the study or manuscript
preparation but do not fulfill all the criteria of authorship.

References
The Reference section must be alphabetized by the first authors last name,
double-spaced, and cited in text in superscript numbers. The first six author names
should be listed and followed by et al if appropriate. Abbreviations should
conform to the style of MEDLINE. Acceptable references are those that have
been published in books and in peer-reviewed journals and are considered widely
available.
The following items should not be included in the Reference section:
software
equipment manuals/drug information
secondary citations
Items that are not acceptable in the Reference section and must be cited in the text
as unpublished data include the following:
proceedings, posters, and presentations from meetings unless they have been
published in a journal or book of abstracts cite in parentheses in text with
meeting information
personal communications cite in parentheses in text with the name of the
person and year
manuscripts or a portion of the data therein that have been submitted to a
journal, but not yet accepted
All references cited in a paper, including those that only appear in tables, must be
included in the Reference section.
Examples of appropriate reference styling follow.
Journal: Coubes P, Cif L, El Fertit H, Hemm S, Vayssiere S, Picot MC, et al: Electrical
stimulation of the globus pallidus internus in patients with primary generalized dystonia:
long-term results. J Neurosurg 101:189194, 2004
Abstract: Maldaun MV, Suki D, Lang FF, Prabhu S, Shi W, Fuller GN, et al: Cystic
glioblastoma multiforme: survival outcomes in 22 cases. J Neurosurg 100:6167, 2004
(Abstract)
Letter: King JT Jr: Doppler ultrasound prediction of ischemic deficit. J Neurosurg
81:503, 1994 (Letter)
Foreign Language Journal: Tomita H, Urui S, Kokunai T, Tamaki N: [A case of
metastatic tumor of the pituitary gland presenting as a subarachnoid hemorrhage.] No
Shinkei Geka 28:11171120, 2000 (Jpn)
Authored Book: Jefferson G: The Invasive Adenomas of the Anterior Pituitary.
Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1995, pp 5660
Article or Chapter in an Edited Book: Bloodworth JMB Jr, Kovacs K, Horvath E: Light
and electron microscopy of pituitary tumors, in Linfoot JA (ed): Recent Advances in the
Diagnosis and Treatment of Pituitary Tumors. New York: Raven Press, 1979, pp 141
159

Article in an Edited Book With Volume: Crocker DW: The pituitary gland, in Coulson WF
(ed): Surgical Pathology. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott, 1978, Vol 2, pp 879898
Article in an Edited Book With Edition and Volume: Day AL, Rhoton AL Jr: Aneurysms
and arteriovenous fistulae of the intracavernous carotid artery and its branches, in
Youmans JR (ed): Neurological Surgery, ed 2. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1982, Vol 3,
pp 17641785
Article in an Edited Book Within a Series: Worth RM, Markand ON, DeRosa GP, et al:
Intraoperative somatosensory evoked response monitoring during spinal cord surgery, in
Courjon J, Mauguire F, Revol M (eds): Clinical Applications of Evoked Potentials in
Neurology. Advances in Neurology, Vol 22. New York: Raven Press, 1982, pp 367373
Entire Edited Book: Suzuki J (ed): Cerebral Aneurysms. Experiences with 1000
Directly Operated Cases. Tokyo: Neuron, 1979
Web Site Article: Bullock MR, Chesnut RM, Clifton G, Ghajar J, Marion DW, Narayan
RK, et al: Guidelines for Cerebral Perfusion Pressure, in Management and Prognosis of
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. 2000, pp 91100
(http://www2.braintrauma.org/guidelines/downloads/btf_guidelines_management.pdf?
BrainTrauma_Session=a5f48f516a5fc96ce3652acd2e9c31f1) [Accessed 23 August 2004]
Neurosurgical Focus: Cohen DB: Infectious origins of cauda equina syndrome.
Neurosurg Focus 16(6):E2, 2004
Journal in which article was published online ahead of print: Albanese E, Russo A,
Quiroga M, Willis RN Jr, Mericle RA, Ulm AJ: Ultrahigh-dose intraarterial infusion of
verapamil through an indwelling microcatheter for medically refractory severe
vasospasm: initial experience. Clinical article. J Neurosurg [epub ahead of print October
30, 2009. DOI: 10.3171/2009.9.JNS0997]
Podcast: Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery. Paul Park interview by Praveen
Mummaneni. Neurosurg Focus August 2008: http://nsforum.org/category/podcasts/

Figure Legend: A brief description of each figure including any figure parts. The
significance of any arrows or letters on the figure should be explained,
including any abbreviations used. Electron micrographs must contain
measurement bars that indicate their magnification. Please state the original
magnification and staining
method used for any photomicrographs.
Note: Figures must be cited consecutively in the text.
Please carefully follow the instructions for submitting digital art. Do not embed
figures in the manuscript file.

Tables: Do not embed tables in the manuscript file. All tables should be submitted
as one file, with each table on its own separate page.
Tables should be created using the table formatting and editing feature of
Microsoft Word. We are unable to format tables imported into Microsoft Word as
PICT files. We are also unable to accept tables created in spreadsheet or
presentation programs (such as Excel and PowerPoint, respectively).
Note: Tables must be cited consecutively in the text.