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11-13
11-13
6-8
11-13 questions
6-8 questions
A. 8, 8.9,
B.
C. 9.3
D. 3 , 9.3
, 9.3
, 9.3
,3
, 3 , 8, 8.9,
,3 ,
, 9.3
, 8.9, 8
,
, 8.9, 8
Answer: D
Sample Question A2A2: A stars color gives an indication of temperature and
age. The chart shows four types of stars and the lowest temperature of each type.
List the temperatures in order from lowest to highest.
Type
Lowest
Temperature
Color
1.35
2.08
BlueWhite
Blue
9.0
Yellow
4.5
Blue
A. 1.35
, 2.08
, 4.5
, 9.0
B. 1.35
, 4.5
2.08
, 9.0
C. 9.0
, 1.35
, 2.08
, 4.5
D. 9.0
, 4.5
1.35
, 2.08
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
When ordering numbers, always be sure which order, greatest to least or least to
greatest.
When comparing or ordering numbers, the fastest way is to use your calculator and
convert all numbers to decimal approximations, then order. Scientific notation is a
way to write very large or very small numbers. The base number is always written
as one place followed by a decimal: 1.2343
to convert from
, not as 123.43
5.2 to 5200
to convert from
5.2 to 0.0052
Radicals:
it undoes an exponent.
5
6?
6
5
O A.
-2.1 and
O B.
O C.
O D.
2
3
3 and 4
2
3 and -0.8
Answer: A
o
o
o
o
A.
B.
C.
D.
an integer?
a = 1, 0
a1
a = 1, a 0
a>1
Answer: C
Sample Question A2B2: Evaluate 2w + 6y2 for w = 4 and y = 3.
o
o
o
o
A.
B.
C.
D.
330
62
60
44
Answer: B
STUDY NOTES:
Evaluate means to find the value of an algebraic expression by substituting a
number for each variable and simplifying by using order of operations. PEMDAS. Do
(P)arenthesis first, then any (E)xponents, (M)ultiply and (D)ivide from left to right,
then (A)ddition and (S)ubtraction left to right.
is undefined.
=5
ex. 3f(f g 3)
= 3f2 3fg3
Test hint: rewrite the expression with the substitution, then use your calculator for
each step. Verify order of operations one step at a time. Do not just use your
calculator left to right.
-a2 does not equal (-a)2
= 3,
the brackets.
A.
B. 4
C.
D.
(correct)
A.
B
C.
D.
x3
x5
x20
x4
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
8
24 = 2222 = 16
When simplifying exponents, change negative exponents to fraction form as shown
below.
1
23
To simplify square or cube roots, look for factors that are perfect squares:
=2
A.
B.
C.
D.
A; $242
B; $222
A; $4,338
B; $268
Answer: D
Sample Question A7B1: Select the set of ordered pairs that represents an
exponential function.
o
o
o
o
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
An exponential function has the form f(x) =abx where initial amount a
base ratio b 0, b > 0
9
, and the
Typical examples are compound interest and growth rates. The graph of an
exponential functions is not linear, it increases at a progressively faster rate.
(Exponentially)
For example: population growth of crickets: f(x) =2(4) x models the growth in weeks
(x) of 4 initial crickets, with a base growth rate of 2 In 8 weeks, we will have f(8)
=4(2)8 = 1,024 crickets.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: A
Sample Question A7D2: Solve
A.
B.
C.
10
for r
D.
Answer: A
(A3) Function Characteristics
Relations and Functions
Sample Question A3A1: Which of the following equations listed below determine
y as a function of x?
A. x = 3; y = 2x + 1
B. y = x2 + 1; x = 0
C. x2 + y2 = 1; x = y
D. 3x 2y = 7; y = 2x
Answer: D
f ( x) x 1
What is the domain of f(x)?
O A.
O B.
O C.
O D.
Answer: A
Sample Question A3A2: Which of the following equations listed below determine
y as a function of x?
A. y = 3/x; x = 3
B. 2x y = 0; x = y2
C. y 4 x 3 ; y = 3x
D. y
x 3 ; x2 + y2 = 9
11
Answer: C
Answer: B
STUDY NOTES:
A function is a relation where every input has exactly one output. Functions can be
expressed in several ways:
A story problem. Every student in the class and their eye color would be a
function since everyone only has one eye color. It is OK that two students have the
same color. However, eye color and every student would not be a function since the
color blue might have more than one student associated with it.
A graph. To figure out if a graph is a function, we do what is called the vertical line
test. If you take a vertical line and sweep the entire graph from right to left and it
only hits the graph once at all times, then it is a function. So the first graph is a
function, but the second graph isnt:
12
A table. The left hand side of the table if in columns (or the top of the table if in
rows) is usually the input, or x values of the function. The right hand side (or
bottom) is usually the output. If there are any repeats of the input or x values
where the output is different, then it is not a function. The first table is a function,
the second table is not.
x 1 2 3 4
y 3 3 4 5
x
1
1
2
3
y
3
4
5
6
f ( x) x 2 1
y 3 x 9
x2 + y2 = 1
y 3
Answer: A
Sample Question A3A5: What is the domain and range of f ( x)
A. Domain: x can be all real numbers
Range: f(x) can be all real numbers
B. Domain: x = 5
Range: f(x) = 0
C. Domain: x 5
Range: f(x) is less than or equal to zero
D. Domain: x 5
Range: f(x) is greater than or equal to zero
x5 ?
Answer: D
A. Domain:
Range:
B. Domain:
Range:
C. Domain:
Range:
D. Domain:
x0
f ( x) 0
x5
f ( x) 5
x can be all real numbers
f ( x) 5
STUDY NOTES:
Domain is the input, normally x, of the function. Sometimes it would be easier to
think of what cant be in the domain. Range is the output, normally y or f(x). There
are four ways to think of domain and range:
Table: The x column (or row depending on how the table is oriented) shows the
values of the domain and the y column (or row) shows the values of the range.
Below the domain would be 1, 2, 3, 4 and the range would be 5, 6, 7, 8.
x 1 2 3 4
y 5 6 7 8
Graph: Look along the x-axis. If there is a graph drawn above, through, or below
the x-axis at that spot, then that x-value is in the domain. Likewise, look along the
y-axis. If there is a graph drawn to the left, through, or to the right of that spot,
then that y-value is in the range. Below the domain would be from 6 x 5
(estimation) and the range would be from 2 f ( x) 5 (the range could also be
written as 2 y 5 ).
Equation: Looking at domain first, there are only two things you cant do: divide
by zero or take the square root of a negative number. Otherwise the domain can be
all real numbers. So for example, f ( x) 4 x 2 has no division sign and no square
root sign so the domain is all real numbers. However, f ( x) x 9 has a square
root sign over the x so the domain can only be numbers greater than or equal to 9,
since if I were to put an 8 into the equation that would be the square root of
negative 1. Likewise, f ( x)
9
has a division sign where x is in the bottom so the
x
domain can be everything except what makes the bottom zero. In this case the
domain is everything but 0.
Now consider range. This is much harder in an equation. First determine the
domain and then think of all the values that function can be for those values in the
domain. Taking our previous examples f ( x ) x 9 has a range that is greater
than or equal to zero because putting in a 9, 10, 11, etc. would give you zero or a
15
9
can be all numbers but zero since we can have
x
Story Problem: Whatever is the input, or the independent value, of the story
problem is the domain. If there is a story problem about people, then your domain
cant be negative or fractions since part of a person doesnt make since. Likewise, if
the story problem is about miles, then your domain must be greater than or equal to
zero since it doesnt make sense to have negative miles. With range, it is the same
consideration as domain except range is the output, or the dependent value. So if
we have a function where the input is hours and the output is miles, both domain
and range would be greater than or equal to zero.
16
17
STUDY NOTES:
Functions Defined Piecewise
Piecewise functions are used when a function changes from one equation to
another. This may be represented graphically, such as below. Notice the function
changed from a line to a curve when x = 3.
f ( x)
2
x
if
x3
x3
18
Sample Question A3A11: Marilyn kept track of how tall her son was every year
since he was born. If Marilyn were to write a function relating height, h, and years,
y, what would be the independent variable?
A. height, h
B. years, y
C. height per year, h/y
D. year per height, y/h
Answer: B
Sample Question A3A12: Tammy wanted to be a professional basketball player.
Ever since she was a child she would keep track of what was the average salary for
a female basketball player since the year 1995. If Tammy were to write a function
relating salary, s, and years, y, what would be the dependent variable?
A. salary, s
B. years, y
C. salary per year, s/y
D. year per salary, y/s
Answer: A
STUDY NOTES:
Independent & Dependent Variables
To analyze independent and dependent variables, it is often easier to figure
out the dependent variable first. The dependent variable depends on the
independent variable. For example, if a function is relating miles and hours driven
one could see that the number of miles would depend on how long one is on the
road, hours. Therefore miles would be the dependent variable and hours would be
the independent variable. Likewise, a height of a tree depends on the number of
years it has grown, not the other way around, so height would be the dependent
variable and years would be the independent variable.
If a relationship is written in function notation for our tree example so that
h(t)=3t where t is time in years and h(t) is height of the tree in inches, then the
dependent variable would be the variable inside the h(t), namely t, and the
independent variable would be outside of the notation, namely h.
19
$20
0
$30
0
$40
0
$60
0
$80
0
$90
0
Which equation best represents total salary (T) that an employee makes for selling
any number of cars, c, in a week?
A. T(c) = 100c + 100
B. T(c) = 100c + 200
C. T(c) = 100(c + 200)
D. T(c) = c + 200
Answer: A
20
Num ber of
bacteria per
hour
30
20
hour
Number of
bacteria
0 1 2
4 8 1
6
3
3
2
10
0
1
Which equation best represents the total population (P) of bacteria at a given hour,
t.
A. P(t) = 2t
B. P(t) = 2t + 4
C. P(t) = 4t
D. P(t) = 4(2t)
Answer: D
Sample Question A3B3: The graph below shows a model for the relationship
between the banking angle and the turning radius for a bicycle traveling at a
particular speed. For the values shown, the banking angel B and the turning radius
r can be approximated by an inverse variation.
Radius
Banking
Angle
2
56
0
4
28
0
7
16
0
8
14
0
Which equation best represents the banking angle B for the turning radius r?
A. B(r) = 28r
B. B(r) = 2r 28
21
C. B (r )
r 3134
112
D. B (r )
r
Answer: D
STUDY NOTES:
Multiple Representations
Every chart, table, equation, and story problem corresponds to a set of
ordered pairs. To match a graph to a table, or a table to an equation, or an equation
to a graph, the ordered pairs in one form must match the other form. For example,
if a graph goes through the points (2, 5), (3, 6) and (4, 7) it would correspond to the
equation f(x) = x + 3 because f(2) = 5, f(3) = 6 and f(4) = 7. Likewise if a graph
goes through the same points, it would correspond to the table:
x
2 3 4
f( 5 6 7
x)
(A3) Function Characteristics
Connections Between Representations
Sample Question A3B4: Which equation listed below best represents the set of
data in the table?
x - - 1 3 6
2 1
y - - 5 1 2
4 1
1 0
A.
B.
C.
D.
y = 3x + 2
y = 3x + 2
y=x2
y= x6
Answer: A
Sample Question A3B5: Which function includes all of the ordered pairs in the
table?
x
- 0 1 2 3
2
f( 5 - - 5 1
x)
3 1
5
A.
B.
C.
D.
f(x) = x 3
f(x) = x + 7
f(x) = 2x2 3
f ( x) x 27
22
Answer: C
Sample Question A3B6: Which equation listed below best represents the set of
data in the table?
x - - 2 3 5
3 1
y - - 2 4 8
8 4
A.
B.
C.
D.
xy=2
2x y = 2
x+y=2
x + 2y = 2
Answer: B
STUDY NOTES:
Connections Between Representations
For equations to match data, the equation must be true for all data points. In
a table, the top row (or left column if vertical) is what you input into the equation.
The bottom row (or right column if vertical) is what you should get out of the
equation. If every data point matches for an equation, that equation best
represents the data. For example, consider the table:
x 2
y 2
3 4
3 1
0
1
9
The equation for this table is y = x2 6 because it works for all values. y = x works
for (-2, -2) but not for (0, -6). y = x 6 works for (0, -6) but not for (3, 3).
For equations to match graphs, the same thing applies. Each point along the
graph can be represented as (x, y). So an equation must generate all the points on
the graph. Note that if an equation is represented in function notation, f(x), then
the equation works for data if when substituting x into the equation it gives you f(x).
Answer: C
x 3 , find f (6)
1
2
B.
6
C. 3
D. 9
Answer: C
Sample Question A3C4: For the function f ( x) 3 x 6 , find x when f ( x) 0 .
A. 2
B. 0
C. 6
D. 9
Answer: A
Sample Question A3C5: For the function f ( x) 9 x 17 , find x when f ( x) 1 .
A. 17
B. 8
C. 1
D. 2
Answer: D
Sample Question A3C6: For the function f ( x) 2 x 9 , find x when f ( x ) 3 .
A. 9
B. 3
C. 3
24
D. 6
Answer: D
STUDY NOTES:
Evaluate f(x) at a, solving f(x)
f(x) means the function with respect to x. It does NOT mean f times x. When you
see f(x) you automatically know that what follows the equal sign is a function. The
independent variable, or the input, is x and the dependent variable, or the output is
f(x). Take the function f(x) = 3x + 7. Sometimes it is easier just to think of it as y =
3x + 7 since that is how we write equations more often.
49 5 5.
So f (4) = 5.
25
26
y 12 4
A. y = -16
B. y = -8
C. y = 8
D. y = 16
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
Add 12 to both sides of the equation.
Sample Question A4A2:
Solve the inequality and chose the correct answer:
x58
A.
B.
C.
D.
x > -3
x>3
x > 11
x<3
Answer: B
STUDY NOTES:
Add -5 to both sides of the inequality.
George has eight more than twice the number of marbles you have. Write an
inequality for the number of marbles George has.
Chose the correct answer:
A. 8 2n
B. 2n - 8
C. 8 + (-2n)
D. 2n + 8
Answer: D
STUDY NOTES:
Let n be the unknown so twice the unknown would be 2n . Eight more than twice
the unknown would be 2n + 8.
Sample Question A4A4:
Write an absolute value equation for all the numbers 2 units from 7.
Chose the correct answer:
A. x 7 2
B. x 2 7
C. x 7 2
D. x 2 7
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
x b a is an absolute value representing all the numbers that are a units from b.
Determine the negative solution of the equation and chose the correct answer.
A. -1
B. -2
C. -3
D. -4
Answer: B
STUDY NOTES:
Isolate the absolute value first using the properties of equality. Add 10 to each side
and divide by 2. You will then have
x-1 = 3 or x-1=-3. The negative solution is -2.
x 1 3
Sample Question A4A6:
Solve for x:
2(x 3) + 4x = 14 + 2x
A. 2 < x < 10
29
B. 2 > x > 10
C. x < 2 and x < 10
D. x > 2 and x > 10
Answer: B
STUDY NOTES:
x b c
STUDY NOTES:
When solving linear equations you must use the properties of equality.
If a=b then a+c = b+c, add the same number to each side
or a-c=b-c , subtract the same number from each side.
or a x c = b x c , multiply the same number by each side
and if c is not 0 then
What you do to one
a
b
c
c
Also remember to simplify each side of the equation by using the distributive
property a(b + c) = ab + ac and combining like terms for example 2x + 5x = 14
should be simplified to 7x.
Solving linear inequalities work the same way with one exception: when you
multiply or divide each side by a negative.
30
(A4B) Write and graph an equation for a line given the slope and the yintercept, the slope and a point on the line, or two points on the line, and
translate between forms of linear equations.
O C.
O D.
Answer: B
Sample Question A4B1:
Find an equation for a line with y-intercept equal to -2 and slope equal to 3.
A. y = -2x + 3
B. y = -2x - 3
C. y = 3x - 2
D. y = 2x 2
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
A line is written in slope intercept form if y=mx + b. m is the slope of the line and b
is the y-intercept.
Sample Question A4B2:
Find an equation for a line with a slope of -1 that goes through the point (-3, 2).
A. y = -x + 1
B. y = -x 1
C. y = 2x - 1
D. y = 3x 2
Answer: B
31
STUDY NOTES:
Point-slope form of a line is (y y1)= m(x x1) where the point is (x1,y1) and the
slope is m. So to write the equation that has a slope of -1 and goes through the
point (-3,2) you would start with y-2=-1(x+3) and solve for y.
Sample Question A4B3:
Find an equation for a line that goes through the points (1, 8) and (-2, -1)
A. y 3x 5
B. y 3x 5
1
2
x7
3
3
1
2
D. y x 7
3
3
C. y
Answer: A
STUDY NOTES:
Given two points, first find the slope using the formula m= (y 2-y1)/(x2-x1). Once you
have found the slope, pick one of the points and use the point-slope equation (y
y1)= m(x x1). The slope of this line is (8+1)/(1+2) = 3. Then picking the point (-2,1) the equation would be (y+1)=3(x+2). Solve for y to get y=3x +5.
32
Answer: y
3
5
x
2
2
STUDY NOTES:
Solve the equation for y. First subtract 3x from both sides then divide both sides by
2.
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
Standard form is written Ax +By = C, where A,B, and C are integers and A is
positive.
1
x 5 in standard form
2
A. x 2y 10
B. x 2y 10
1
x 5
2
1
D. y x 10
2
C. y
33
Answer: B
STUDY NOTES:
Standard form is written Ax +By = C, where A,B, and C are integers and A is
positive. Multiply both sides of the equation by 2, getting 2y = x + 10, then
subtract both sides of the equation by 2y and 10 getting x 2y = -10
34
(A4C) Identify and interpret the slope and intercepts of a linear function,
including equations for parallel and perpendicular lines.
Refer to the graph below to answer the following questions about three different cell
phone plans: Blue, Green, and Red. The graphs relate total minutes per month used
for each cell phone plan and monthly cost in dollars.
O B.
O C.
O D.
Answer: A
Blue Plan
Green Plan
Red Plan
Cannot be determined
Answer: A
STUDY NOTES:
At 300 minutes:
$60
Green plan-
100
200
250
300
400
minutes
minutes
minutes
minutes
minutes
Answer: A
STUDY NOTES:
The Red and Green lines intersect twice. The least number of minute would be 100
minutes and you would pay $30 for each plan.
Sample Question A4C4:
36
If someone needed to use their cell for more than 600 minutes every month, which
plan would you recommend so they paid the smallest monthly fee?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Blue Plan
Green Plan
Red Plan
Cannot be determined
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
If you continued the lines at the same slope to 600 minutes you would see that the
Red plan would be paying the least.
Refer to the graph below that shows a square in the coordinate grid to answer the
following questions.
Sample
Question A4C5:
The slope of sides AB and DC are
A.
B.
C.
D.
unrelated
parallel
perpendicular
opposite
37
Answer: B
STUDY NOTES:
Each slope (rise/run) is . They are parallel
unrelated
parallel
perpendicular
opposite
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
The slope of AD is -2 and the slope of DC is . They are opposite reciprocals so
they are perpendicular.
2
-2
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
To go from point A to point B you go up (positive) 2 units and over a positive 4. The
slope is .
38
39
(A4D) Write and solve systems of two linear equations and inequalities in
two variables.
One region represents the solution set to the system of inequalities given.
Which region represents the solution set for the system of inequalities given?
O A.
Region M
O B.
Region N
O C.
Region P
O D.
Region Q
Answer: C
Sample Question A4D1:
40
(0, 4)
(-2, 0)
(-3, -1)
(-2, 0)
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
To solve a system of equations graphically, you would look for the point of
intersection and then plug the point into both of the equations to see if the point is
a solution to both equations.
2x y 2
41
x y 1
A. (-1,-2)
B. (-1/3,-4/3)
C. (0,-1)
D (-1,0).
Answer: D
STUDY NOTES:
When solving a system of equations you have two choices:
Solving by substitution- solving one of the equations for either x or y and then
substitute into the other equation.
Solving by linear combinations- multiplying one or both of the equations by a
number so that when you add the equations together one of the variables is
eliminated.
Sample Question A4D3:
An academic team is going to a state mathematics competition. There are 30
people going on the trip. There are 5 people who can drive and 2 types of
Vehicles; vans and cars. A van seats 8 people, and a car seats 4 people, including
drivers. Let v = number of vans and c = number of cars.
v+c5
8v + 4c > 30
How many vans and cars does the team need for the trip?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: B
STUDY NOTES:
The only combination that would satisfy both inequalities would be 3 vans
(24people) and 2 cars (8 people). You would also have the five drivers, 3 in vans
and 2 in cars.
42
A.
B.
C.
D.
y 400x 10,000
y 400x 1,000
y 400x 10,000
y 400x 9,000
Answer: B
STUDY NOTES:
At 0 minutes, there is 1,000 gallons of gasoline and the rate of change is 400gallons
per minute. This information fits into y=mx + b format.
Sample Question A4E2:
If the flow rate increases from 400 to 500 gallons per minute, how will the graph of
the function change?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The
The
The
The
Answer: D
STUDY NOTES:
The rate of change increases from 400 to 500 gallons per minute, this is the slope.
The starting point of 1,000 gallons remains unchanged. The equation would be
y=500x+1000
43
The
The
The
The
Answer: A
STUDY NOTES:
At 0 minutes the number of gallons is 2,000. Therefore, the y-intercept would now
be (0,2000)
Refer to the following two functions to answer the next 3 questions.
Function A: y 3 x
Function B: y
1
x
3
Which statement best describes the transformation of the graph of y x to the graph of
y x2 ?
O A.
O B.
O C.
O D.
Answer: C
Sample Question A4E4:
What can be said about the following two functions?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
44
Function A opens upwards in a v shape and the slope of the lines is +/-3. Function
B opens downward and has a slope of +/- 1/3. They do not reflect because their
slopes are different.
Sample Question A4E5:
Which functions end behavior is negative?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Function A
Function B
Neither
Both
Answer: B
STUDY NOTES:
Because Function B opens downward, y decreases as x increases and decreases.
Sample Question A4E6:
Which function has a greater rate of change?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Function A
Function B
Neither
Both
Answer: A
STUDY NOTES:
The slope of Function A is +/- 3 and the slope of Function B is +/- 1/3. Function A
has a greater rate of change.
45
or
O B.
or
O C.
or
O D.
or
Answer: B
or
O B.
or
O C.
or
O D.
or
46
Answer: D
47
What would be in the workers best interest when quoting the average of local
salaries? Explain.
Answer:
The management would want to use the mean. The few high salaries would pull the
mean up and not affect the median. This would cause the mean to be greater than
the median and support their case that the workers were being overpaid as
compared to the national average.
The workers would want to use the median for the same explanation given above.
The median would be lower than the mean and used as support for the claim that
the workers are being underpaid.
48
Company A
Company B
Company C
49
A. mean = 17.75
B. mean = 17.75
C. mean = 18
D. mean = 18
Answer: A
A. median = 17.75
B. median = 13.5
C. median = 15
D. median = 18
Answer: D
Mr. Shapiro found that the amount of time his students spent doing mathematics
homework is positively correlated with test grades in his class. He is concluding that
doing homework makes his students test scores higher.
Explain any flaws in Mr. Shapiros reasoning:
Answer:
Correlation does not imply causation. For example, students who are doing well in
mathematics and/or enjoy it may therefore do the homework more frequently than
those who are struggling and/or do not enjoy the subject. Thus, it might not be the
act of doing the homework that is causing the high scores, but another factor which
is making both of the variables (test scores and homework completion) go up.
Answer:
Correlation does not imply causation. For example, patients who are eating broccoli
may be doing other things that contribute to lowering cholesterol levels, like
exercise. Thus, it might not be the act of eating broccoli that is causing the lower
cholesterol, but another factor which is making the variable move (like exercise).
51
The following scatter plot shows the total fuel cost for a train run from San Francisco
to Seattle for trains with different numbers of cars attached to the lead engine.
10
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Fuel
Cost = 0.84(Number
of Cars) + 2.13
Use the above equation to predict the total fuel cost for a train with 50 cars.
Comment on any concerns you may have with using this equation to make such a
prediction:
Answer:
Fuel Cost = 0.84(50) + 2.13
Fuel Cost = 44.13 (or $44,130)
STUDY NOTES:
Since this equation was created from data that had a range of 10 to 32 train cars, it
is not a good idea to use this equation to make estimates beyond this range. The
trend may change, the data may not continue to have the same pattern. (Danger of
Extrapolation).
Answer: C
53
o
o
o
o
A.
B.
C.
D.
mean
20
20
22
22
standard deviation
7
5
5
7
Answer: C
STUDY NOTES:
If you use the data set {15, 20, 25} and add 2 to each number you get a new data
set of {17, 22, 27}. It is easy to see the new mean is 22 with a standard deviation
of 5.
o
o
o
o
A.
B.
C.
D.
mean
20
20
40
40
standard deviation
10
5
5
10
Answer: D
STUDY NOTES:
If you use the data set {15, 20, 25} and multiply each number by 2 you get a new
data set of {30, 40, 50}. It is clear that the new mean is 40 with a standard
deviation of 10.
54
Which statement describes the correlation of the data graphed in the scatterplot?
O A.
Strong negative
O B.
Strong positive
O C.
Weak negative
O D.
Weak positive
Answer: B
55