CHAPTER-IV

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

The most important part of the investigation is an effort to analyse and
interpret the data in a systematic way. It involves breaking down existing
complex factors into simple parts and putting them into new arrangements for
the purpose of interpretations. Because the mass data collected through the
use of various tools however reliable, valid and accurate it may be, yet, it is
raw. It needs to be systematized and organized, i.e. edited, classified,
tabulated and analyzed before it can serve any worthwhile purpose. About
this, it is well said by Best (1975), that this part of the proposal identifies the
entire research plan, it describes just what must be done, how it will be done;
what data will be needed and how the data will be analyzed and conclusions
will be reached.
The present study was designed to conduct the competitive study on
selected psychological variable along with the medalists and non-medalists
Men Kabaddi players who have participated at the level of All India Inter
University Tournament. After collecting the relevant data, the investigator
proceeded to fulfil the different objectives of the study by analyzing the data
with the help of the simple technique like Mean, Standard deviation, T- ratio
and Correlation. The significance of the difference in the Mean scores of all
the variables such as aggression, anxiety, self-concept and adjustment were
determined between the two groups of the Men Kabaddi players who have
participated at the level All India Inter University Tournament. The raw data
was tabulated and systematized in two groups.
An effort has been made to ascertain that all the variables under study
are independent or they have relationship among each other. For this purpose

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an inter-correlation among all four variables i.e. aggeression, anxiety, selfconcept and adjustment of medalist and non-medalist kabaddi players was
worked out and results has been given in the table-4.1 and table-4.2. Further
mean difference of all four variables i.e. aggression, anxiety, self-concept and
adjustment of medalist and non-medalist Kabaddi players have been
calculated in table 4.3 to 4.8.
4.1 INTER-CORRELATION AMONG AGGRESSION, ANXIETY, SELFCONCEPT AND ADJUSTMENT OF MEDALIST KABADDI PLAYERS
Table-4.1
Inter-correlation among Aggression, Anxiety, Self-concept and
Adjustment of Medalist Kabaddi players.
Aggression

Anxiety

Selfconcept

Adjustment

Aggression

1.000

-.055

.061

-.077

Anxiety

-.055

1.000

.157

-.182

Self-concept

.061

.157

1.000

.403**

Adjustment

-.077

-.182

.403**

1.000

** Significant at 0.05 level

The results presented in table-4.1 indicates that there has been no
significant inter relationship among four variables except self-concept and
adjustment. In case of self-concept and adjustment of medalist kabaddi
players the r value was found to be .403 which is higher than the tabulated
value of 0.273 found to be significant at 0.05 level. In other cases the r value
between aggression and anxiety is -.055, aggression and self-concept is .061,
aggression and adjustment is -.077, anxiety and self-concept is.157, and
anxiety and adjustment is -.182 These all values are less than the tabulated
values 0.273 which is found to be non-significant at 0.05 level. It is concluded
that the variables under study are independent in nature and it is justified to

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undertake their study related to difference of these between medalist Inter

University Kabaddi players in the variables under study.
4.2

INTER-CORRELATION AMONG AGGRESSION, ANXIETY, SELFCONCEPT AND ADJUSTMENT OF NON-MEDALIST KABADDI

PLAYERS
Table-4.2
Inter-correlation among Aggression, Anxiety, Self-concept and
Adjustment of Non-Medalist Kabaddi players.
Aggression

Anxiety

Self-concept

Adjustment

Aggression

1.000

.158

.268

.175

Anxiety

.158

1.000

.-.007

.102

Self-concept

.268

-.007

1.000

.107

Adjustment

.175

.102

.107

1.000

**Significant at 0.05 level

The results presented in table-4.2 indicates that there has been no
significant inter relationship among four variables. The r value between
aggression and anxiety is -.158, aggression and self-concept is .268,
aggression and adjustment is -.175, anxiety and self-concept is.-.007, anxiety
and adjustment is .102, and self-concept and adjustment is .107. These all
values are less than the tabulated values 0.273 which is found to be nonsignificant at 0.05 level. It is concluded that the variables under study are
independent in nature and it is justified to undertake their study related to
difference of these values between non-medalist Inter University Kabaddi
players in variables under study.
4.3

COMPARISON OF MEDALIST AND NON-MEDALIST KABADDI

PLAYERS WITH RESPECT TO THEIR MEAN SCORES ON THE
VARIABLE OF AGGRESSION
Table 4.3 shows t-value of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi

players on the variable of Aggression.

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Table 4.3
t-value of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi players on the
variable of Aggression
Sr.
No.

Group

Mean

SD

SEM

Medalist

48

90.27

9.44

1.36

Non-Medalist

48

86.06

10.89

1.56

t-value
2.034*

*Significant at 0.05 level. t > (1.99) df=94

Fig. 4.1: Mean scores of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi

players on the variable of Aggression
It is evident from the table 4.3 that t value of aggression of medalist
and non-medalist men kabaddi players at the level of inter university came out
to be 2.034 which is higher than the tabulated value of 1.99 found to be
significant at 0.05 level. This indicates that two groups of players differ
significantly from each other with respect to their mean score. Since the mean
score for aggression of medalist (90.27) is higher then the aggression of nonmedalist (86.06). It may be interpreted that the medalist players are having
the higher level of aggression as compare to the non-medalist players. Hence
the hypothesis that, there will be no significant difference in between the

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aggression of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi players at the level of

Inter University Tournament, is rejected.
4.4

COMPARISON OF MEDALIST AND NON-MEDALIST KABADDI

PLAYERS WITH RESPECT TO THEIR MEAN SCORES ON THE
VARIABLE OF ANXIETY
Table 4.4 shows t-value of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi

players on the variable Anxiety.

Table 4.4
t-value of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi players on the
variable of Anxiety.
Sr.
No.

Group

Mean

SD

SEM

Medalist

48

19.52

2.72

.39

Non-Medalist

48

18.67

2.78

.40

t-value
1.522

*Significant at 0.05 level. t >(1.99) df=94

Fig. 4.2: Mean scores of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi

players on the variable of Anxiety
Table 4.4 shows that t-value for anxiety of medalist and non-medalist
men kabaddi players at the level of inter university came out to be 1.522
which is less than the tabulated value of 1.99 found to be not significant at
0.05 level. This indicates that the two groups of players do not differ

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significantly from each other. Hence it is evident that the two groups of players
exhibits more or less equal level of anxiety. Hence the hypothesis that, there
will be no significant difference in between the level of anxiety of medalist and
non-medalist men kabaddi players at the level of inter university, is accepted.
4.5

COMPARISON OF MEDALIST AND NON-MEDALIST KABADDI

PLAYERS WITH RESPECT TO THEIR MEAN SCORES ON THE
VARIABLE OF SELF-CONCEPT
Table 4.5 shows t-value of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi

players on the variable of self concept.

Table 4.5
t-value of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi players on the
variable of self-concept.
Sr.
No.

Group

Mean

Medalist

48

162.70 12.47 2.91

1.80

Non-Medalist

48

159.79 13.05 2.91

1.88

SD

MD

SDEM

t-value

1.11

*Significant at 0.05 level. t >(1.99) df=94

Fig. 4.3: Mean scores of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi

players on the variable of self-concept

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It is evident from table 4.5 that t-value for self-concept of medalist and
non-medalist men kabaddi players at the level of All India Inter University
Tournament came out to be 1.11 which is less than the tabulated value of 1.99
found to be not significant at 0.05 level. This indicates that the two groups of
players do not differ significantly from each other. Hence it may be interpreted
that the two groups of players exhibits more or less equal level of selfconcept. Hence the hypothesis that, there will be no significant difference in
between the level of self-concept of medalist and non- medalist men kabaddi
players at the level of Inter University Tournament, is accepted.
4.6

COMPARISON OF MEDALIST AND NON-MEDALIST KABADDI

PLAYERS WITH RESPECT TO THEIR MEAN SCORES OF TEN
CONSTRUCTS OF SELF-CONCEPT VARIABLE
Table 4.6 shows t-value of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi

players with respect to ten constructs of Self-concept variable.

Table 4.6
t-value of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi players with respect
to ten constructs of Self-concept variable.
Health and sex
appropriateness
Abilities
Self-confidence
Self-acceptance
Worthiness
Present, Past &
Future
Belief
&
Convictions
Feeling of Shame
& Guilt
Sociability
Emotional

Group

Mean

SD

Medalist

48

19.25

2.93

Non-Medalist
Medalist
Non-Medalist
Medalist
Non-Medalist
Medalist
Non-Medalist
Medalist
Non-Medalist
Medalist
Non-Medalist
Medalist
Non-Medalist
Medalist
Non-Medalist
Medalist
Non-Medalist
Medalist
Non-Medalist

48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48

17.18
27.43
27.22
18.89
18.50
11.83
12.29
23.35
23.04
14.22
14.08
10.56
11.20
14.37
13.77
11.47
11.79
11.29
10.68

2.90
4.07
3.38
3.13
3.18
2.65
2.62
3.79
3.77
2.52
2.71
1.87
1.83
2.59
3.21
2.12
2.59
2.78
2.97

*Significant at 0.05 level. t > (1.99) df=94.

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MD
2.06
0.02
0.39
-0.45
0.31
0.14
-0.64
0.60
-0.31
0.60

SEDM
0.42
0.41
0.58
0.48
0.45
0.46
0.38
0.37
0.547
0.544
0.36
0.39
0.27
0.26
0.37
0.46
0.30
0.37
0.40
0.42

t-Value
3.46**
0.27
0.614
-0.851
0.404
0.272
-1.705
1.013
-0.646
1.027

Fig. 4.4: Mean scores of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi

players with respect to ten constructs of Self-concept variable
The results presented in table-4.6 indicates that there has been no
significant difference among the ten constructs of self-concept except Health
and sex appropriates constructs of self-concept of Medalist and NonMedalists kabaddi players. In case Health and sex appropriates constructs of
self-concept of Medalist and Non-Medalists kabaddi players t- value was
found to be 3.46 which is higher than the tabulated value of 1.99 found to be
significant at 0.05 level. This indicates that two groups of players differ
significantly from each other with respect to Health and sex appropriates
constructs of self-concept of Medalist and Non-Medalists kabaddi players..
Since the mean score of Health and sex appropriates constructs of selfconcept of Medalist Kabaddi players (19.25) is higher than Non-Medalists
Kabaddi players (17.18).Hence it is evident that the Medalist players are
having the higher level of Health and sex appropriates constructs of selfconcept as compared to the non-medalist players.
In other cases the t-value of Abilities constructs of Self-concept
between medalist and non-medalist is 0.27, Self-confidence constructs of
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Self-concept between medalist and non-medalist is 0.614, Self-acceptance

constructs of Self-concept between medalist and non-medalist is 0.851,
Worthiness constructs of Self-concept between medalist and non-medalist is
0.404, Present, Past and future constructs of Self-concept between medalist
and non-medalist is 0.272, Beliefs and Convictions constructs of Self-concept
between medalist and non-medalist is -1.705, Feeling of Shame & Guilt
constructs of Self-concept between medalist and non-medalist is 1.013,
Sociability constructs of Self-concept between medalist and non-medalist is
-0.646 and Emotional constructs of Self-concept between medalist and nonmedalist is 1.027. These all values are less than the tabulated values 1.99
which is found to be non-significant at 0.05 level. This indicates that the two
groups of players do not differ significantly from each other with respect its
constructs of Self-concept at the level of inter university. Hence it may be
interpreted that the two groups of players exhibits more or less equal level of
Self-concept in all constructs at the level of Inter University, except Health and
sex appropriateness constructs of self-concept.
4.7

COMPARISON OF MEDALIST AND NON-MEDALIST KABADDI

PLAYERS WITH RESPECT TO THEIR MEAN SCORES ON THE
VARIABLE OF ADJUSTMENT
Table 4.7 shows t-value of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi

players on the variable of adjustment.

Table 4.7
t-value of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi players on the
variable of adjustment
Sr.
No.

Group

Mean

SD

MD

SDEM

Medalist

48

49.12

11.40

-3.62

1.64

Non-Medalist

48

52.75

9.33

-3.62

1.34

**Significant at 0.05 level. t >(1.99) df=94.

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t-value
-1.70

Fig. 4.5: Mean scores of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi

players on the variable of adjustment
Table 4.7 shows that t-value for adjustment of medalist and nonmedalist men kabaddi players at the level of Inter University Tournament
came out to be -1.70 which is less than the tabulated of 1.99 found to be not
significant at 0.05 level. This indicates that the two groups of players do not
differ significantly from each other. Hence it may be interpreted that the two
groups of players exhibits more or less equal level of adjustment. Hence the
hypothesis that, there will be no significant difference in between the level of
adjustment of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi players at the level of
Inter University Tournament, is accepted.
4.8

COMPARISON OF MEDALIST AND NON-MEDALIST KABADDI

PLAYERS WITH RESPECT TO THEIR MEAN SCORES ON THE
FOUR AREAS OF ADJUSTMENT VARIABLE
Table 4.8 Shows the t-value of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi

players with respect to four areas of Adjustment variable.

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Table 4.8
t-value of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi players with respect
to four areas of Adjustment variable.
Area

Group

Mean

SD

Medalist

48

12.62

4.06

Home

MD

SEDM
0.58

-2.00
Non-Medalist

48

14.62

3.12

Medalist

48

13.39

3.40

Emotional

-2.704
0.45
0.49

2.08
Non-Medalist

48

13.37

2.93

Medalist

48

11.29

3.24

Educational

0.032
0.42
0.46

-1.10
Non-Medalist

48

12.39

2.71

Medalist

48

11.91

3.40

Social

-1.808
0.39
0.49

-1.04
Non-Medalist

48

12.95

3.63

t-Value

-1.450
0.52

*Significant at 0.05 level. t >(1.99) df=94.

Fig. 4.6: Mean scores of medalist and non-medalist men kabaddi

players with respect to four areas of Adjustment variable

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The results presented in table-4.8 indicates that there has been no

significant difference among the four areas of Adjustment of Medalists and
Non-Medalists kabaddi players. The t-value of Home Adjustment between
medalist and non-medalist is -2.704, Emotional Adjustment between medalist
and non-medalist is 0.032, Educational Adjustment between medalist and
non-medalist is -1.808, and Social Adjustment between medalist and nonmedalist is -1.450. These all values are less than the tabulated values 1.99
which is found to be non-significant at 0.05 level. This indicates that the two
groups of players do not differ significantly from each other in four areas of
Adjustment. Hence it is evident that the two groups of players exhibits more or
less equal level of Adjustment in four areas.

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