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Greenhouse gases absorb infrared radiation and trap the heat in the
atmosphere. Over time, the amount of energy sent from the sun to the
Earths surface should be about the same as the amount of energy radiated
back into space, leaving the temperatura of the Earths surface roughly
constant.
Many gases exhibit these greenhouse properties. Some of them occur in
nature (water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide), while
others are exclusively human-made (like gases used for aerosols).
This process has been observed in many places in the Alps, in mountainous
Queensland in Australia, and in the misty forests of Costa Rica.
Fish in the North Sea have been observed moving northwards too fish stocks
that used to be common around Cornwall have moved as far north as the Shetland
and Orkney Islands.