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]CAO RECOMMENDED AIRPORT SIGNS, RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS

MANDATOR.Y INSTRUCTION SIGNS

Application

A mandatory instructon sign identifies a location beyond which an aircraft taxiing shall not proceed unless
authorized by ATC. At uncontrolled arports, use appropriate precautions prior to proceeding. Mandatory
instruction signs may include runway designation signs, category l, l or lll holding position signs, runwayhoiding postion signs and NIO ENTRY signs. Runway-holding position markngs are supplemented at a
taxiway/runway or a runway/runway intersection with a runway designaton sign. A runway designation sgn at
a taxiway/runway intersection or a runway/runway intersection will be supplemented with a location sign n the
outboard (farthest from the taxiway) position, as appropriate. A NO ENTRY sign is provded when entry into an
area is prohibted.

Location
A runway designaton sign at a taxway/runway intersection or a runway/runway intersection will be located on
each side of the runway-holdng position marking facng into the drection of approach to the runway. A
category l, ll or lll holding position sign will be located on each side of the runway-holding position marking
facing into the direction of the approach to the critical area. A runway-holding position sign will be located on
each sde of the runway-holding position facing the approach to the obstacle limitation surface or ILS/MLS
critical/sensitive area, as appropriate.

Characteristics
Mandatory instructon signs have a red background, wth white inscriptions. The inscriptions on a runway
designation sign will consist of the runway desgnatons of the intersecting runway properly oriented to the
vewing direction. The inscriptions on a category l, ll or lll or joint ll/lll holding positon sign will consist of the
runway designatorfollowed by CAT l, CAT ll or CAT lll as appropriate. The nscrptions on a runway-holding
postion sign will consist of the taxiway desgnation and a number.

WMffi
rrTrfff,nil m

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Ftriltfin

LOCAOMUNWAYDESgMNON

RUNWAY4OLDIM PGNON

CATEOORY

HOLDING rcsNON

IOCATION/RUWAY DESICNATION

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INTRODUCTION

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ICAO RHCOMMEI'DED AIRPORT SIGNS, RUNWAYAND TAXIWAY MARKINGS

INFORMATION SGNS

Application
An nformation sgn identifies a specfic iocation or routng. lnformation signs include: direction, location,
destnation, runway ext and runway vacated signs. A runway exit sgn is provded to identify a runway exit. A
runway vacated sgn is provided where the exit taxiway has no centerline lights and there is a need to indicate
leaving the runway, the ILSiMLS critcalisensitve area. A destnation sign ndicates the direction to a specific
destination, such as cargo, general aviation, etc. A combined location and direction sign indicates routing
information prior to a taxiway intersection. A direction sign identifies the designation and direction at a taxiway
intersection. A location sign is provded in conjuncton wth a runway desgnation sign except at a
runway/runway intersection.

Locaton
lnformaion signs are located on the left-hand sde of the taxiway in line with the taxiway intersection marking.
Where there is no taxiway intersecton marking the sign is installed at least 40m away from the centerline of the
intersecting taxiway. A runway ext sign is located on the same side of the runway as the exil is located (i.e. left
or right). A runway vacated sgn is located at least on one side of the taxiway.

Characteristics
An inforrnation sign other than a locatjon sign consists of an nscrption in black on a yellow background. A
location sign conssts of an inscription in yellow on a black background. A runway exit sjgn consists ofthe ext
taxway designator and an arrow ndicating the direction to follow. A runway vacated sign depicts the runwayholding position marking as shown n the example in Pattern A in the example under "Runway-Holding Position
Markings". The inscriptions on a destnaton sign comprise an alpha, alphanumerical or numercal message
identfying the destination plus an arrow indcating the direction to proceed. The inscriptions on a direction sign
comprise an alpha, alphanumerical message identfying the taxiway(s) plus an arrow or arrows appropriately
oriented as shown in the example. The inscriptions on a location sign comprise the destnation of the locaton
taxiway, runway or other pavement the aircraft is on or s entering.
Note: Generally, signs should be lighted if the runway or taxiway on which they are installed is lighted.
LEFT SIDE

RIGHT SIDE

-CBC+
DIRECTION/LOCATION/DIRECTION

ffic-l

- APRON
DESTINATION

LOCATIONiOIRECTION

trsl

[@E|r.zZ
RUNWAY EXIT

RUNWAY EXIT

DIRECTION/DIRECTION/OIRECTION/LOCATION/DIRECTION/DIRECTION/DIRECTION

<-

2500 m

2500 m +

INTERSECTION TAKE.OFF

G)

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ICAO RECOMMENDED AIRPORT SIGNS, RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS

MANDATOR,Y INSTRUCTION MARKINGS

Application
Where it is impracticable to install a mandatory instruction sign a mandatory instruction marking is provided on
the surface of the pavement. Where operationally required, such as on taxiways exceedng 60m in wdth, a
mandatory instruction sign may be supplemented by a mandatory instructon marking.

Location
The mandatory instruction marking is located on the left-hand side of the taxiway center lne marking on the
holding side of the runway-holding position marking.
!

Characteristcs
Mandatory instruction markngs consist of an inscription in white on a red background. Except for a NO ENTRY
marking, the inscripton provides information identical to that of the associated mandatory instruction sign. A
NO ENTRY marking consists of an inscription in white reading NO ENTRY on a red background.

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ICAO RECOMMENDED AIRPORT SIGNS, RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS

RUNWAY-HOLDING POSITION MARKINGS

Applicaton and Location

Runway-holding position markings are Iocated at runway holdlng positions.

Characteristics
At an intersecton of a taxiway and a non-precision, non-instrument or take-off runway or where a single
runway-holdng position s provided at an intersecton of a taxiway and a precision approach category l, ll, or lll
runway, the runway-holding position marking will be as shown as in pattern A. Where two or three runwayholding positions are provided at such an intersection, the runway-holding position marking closer to the
runway will be as shown as in pattern A, and the markings farther from the runway as in pattern B. Where a
pattern B runway-holding postion marking exceeds 60m in length, the term CAT ll or CAT lll as appropriate will
be marked on the surface at the ends of the runway-holding position marking. The runway-holding position
marking displayed at a runway/runway intersection will be perpendicular to the centerline of the runway forming
part of the standard taxiroute. The runway-holding position marking will be shown as in pattern B.

Pattern B

Pattern A

INTERMEDIATE HOLDING POSITION MARKINGS

Application and Locaton

An intermediate holding postion markng s displayed at an intersecton of two paved taxways. lt is positioned
across the taxiway coincident wth a stop bar or intermediate holding position lights, where provided.

Characteristics
An ntermedate holding positon marking conssts of a single broken yellow lne.

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ICAO RECOMMENDED AIRPORT SIGNS, RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS

STOP BARS
APPLICATION
A stop bar is provided at every runway-holding postion when it is intended that the runway will be used
in RVR conditions less than 350m or between 350m

and 550m. A stop bar will be provided at an ntermediate holdng position to supplement markings with
lghts or where normal stop bar lights might be obscured.

LOCATION

Configuratio A

Stop bars are located across the taxiway at the polnt

where t is desired that traffic stop. Additional lights
may be provided at the taxiway edge.

CHARACTERISTICS
Stop bars consist of lights spaced at ntervals across

the taxiway, showing red in the intended direction of

approach to the intersection or runway-holding position. Stop bars installed at a runway-holding position
will be unidrectional, showing red in the direction of
approach to the runway.

RUNWAY GUARD LIGHTS

Configuration B

APPLICATION
Runway guard lights, configuraton A, are located at
each taxiway/runway intersection associated with a
runway ntended for use in:
RVR conditions less than 550m where a stop bar
not installed; and

RVR conditions between 550m and 1200m where

RUNWAY MARKINGS
Runway markings are white.

traffic density is medium or low.

Configuraton A or B or both will be provided at each

taxiway/runway intersection where the configuraton

of the intersection needs to be enhanced, such as
on a wide throat taxiway.

LOCATION
Runway guard lights, configuration A, are located at
each side of a taxiway, whereas in configuration B
they are located across the taxiway.

CHARACTERISTICS
Runway guard lights are unidirectional flashing yellow lghts.

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ICAO RECOMMENDED AIRPORT SIGNS, RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS

THRESHOLD MARKINGS

RUNWAY CENTERLINE MARKINGS

APPLICATION AND LOCATION

APPLICATION AND LOCATION

Threshold markings are provded at the threshold of

a paved instrumenl and non-inslrumenl runway intended for use by nternational commercial ajr trans-

A runway centerline marking is provided on a paved

port.

CHARACTERISTICS

CHARACTERISTICS

Runway centerline markings consist of a line of uniformly spaced stripes and gaps. Stripes ae normally 30m long, gaps 20m long.

Runway threshold markngs consist of a pattern of

longtudnal stripes of uniform dimensions disposed
symmetrically about the centerline of a runway. The
number of stripes shall be in accordance with the
runway width as follows:
RUNWAY WIDTH

HIGH SPEED TAXIWAY TURN-OFF

TNDTCATOR

LIGHTS (HSTTL)

ICAO term is Rapid Exit Taxiway lndicator Lghts

(RErL)

NUMBER OF
STRIPES

tlm ."a t

APPLICATION

23m

HSTIL should be provrded on a runway intended for

use in RVR conditions less than 350m and/or where

traffic densily s heavy.

W'

30m On

45rI'

l7ol
6om {916'

12

LOCATION

'16

Where a runway desgnator is placed within a

threshold marking, there will be a minirnum of lhree
strpes

runway along the centerline.

on each sde of the runway

centerline.

Stripes are at least 30m long.

A set of HSTIL shall be located on the runway on the

same side of the runway centerline as the associated high speed turn-off taxiway, n lhe configuration
shown below.

CHARACTERISTICS

RUNWAY DESIGNATION MARKINGS

APPLICATION AND LOCATION

HSTIL are fixed undirectional yellow lghts, aligned

so as to be vsible to the pilot of a landing airplane in
the directon of approach to the runway.

Runway designaton markings are located at the

thresholds of a paved runway.

CHARACTERISTICS
Runway designation markings consists of a two-digit
number located at the threshold. On parallei runways each runway designation number is supplemented by a letler in the order from left to right when
viewed from the direction of approach.
Point of
tangency

oooooo

ooo

oooooooo

ort, o

RETILS

2m lateral
spacing

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ICAO RECOMMENDED AIRPORT SIGNS, RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS

RUNWAY TOUCHDOWN ZONE MARKINGS

Applcation

A touchdown zone marking is provided in the touchdown zone of a paved precision approach runway and and
non-precision approach runway or non-instrument runway where additional identification of the touchdown
zone is required.

Location and Characterstcs

A touchdown zone marking shall consist of pairs of rectangular markings symmetrcally dsposed about the
runway centerline with the number of pairs related to the landing distance available (LDA).
A touchdown zone marking shall conform to either of the two runway patterns shown below.

LDA oT DISTANCE BETWEEN THRESHOLDS

Less than 900m

PAIR(S) of MARKINGS

Less than I 200m but not less than 900m

1 200m

Less than 2400m but not less than I 500m

2400m or more

I ess then I 500m but not less than

RUNWAY AIMING POINT MARKINGS

Application
An aiming point marking will be provded at each approach end of a paved instrument or non-instrument
runway.

Locaton and Characterstics

An aiming point marking consists of two conspicuous stripes in conformity with the dimensions shown for the
runway patterns n the example shown under "Runway Touchdown Zone and Aimng Point Markings".

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ICAO RECOMMENDED AIRPORT SIGNS, RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS

RUNWAY TOUCHDOWN ZONE AND AIMING POINT MARKINGS

(continued)

TOUCHDOWN
ZONE
MARKINGS

150m
(492',l.

l50m

(492'\

'150m

'150m

(492')

(492',)

IMING POINT
MARKINGS
30m (98') to
60m ( 197')

300m
(984',)

by

4m (13') to
10m (33')

150m

(492',\

400m
( 1312', )

18m

(59') to

22.5m (74'\

400m

(1312'\

18m

STRIPES

1.8m (6') WIDTH

1.5m (5') SPACING
22.5m (74') MIM
LENGTH

150m
(452',)

(59') to

22.5m

150m

(4s2'\

(7 4' \

RUNWAY
SIDE
STRPE

z,t

MARKINGS

ililil1il1

ililililt

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ICAO RECOMMENDED AIRPORT SIGNS, RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY MARKI,NGS

RUNWAY SIDE STRIPE MARKING

Applcation
Runway side stripe markngs are provded between the thresholds of a paved runway where there is lack of
contrast between the runway edges and the shoulders. Runway side stripe markings are provided on precision
approach runways.

Location and Characteristics

Runway side stripe markings consist of two stripes, one placed along each edge of the runway no more than
30m from the runway centerlne regardless of the runway width.

DISPLACED THRESHOLD MARKINGS

Temporar i ly
Oisplaced
Thres ho I d

Transverse
Str i pe

Displaced
Threshold

TEMPORARILY DISPLACED
THRESHOLD

TEMPORARILY OR PERMANENTLY
DISPLACED THRESHOLD

CLOSED RUNWAYS, TAXIWAYS OR PARTS THEREOF

Application and Location

A closed marking will be dsplayed at each end of a runway or portion thereof, declared permanently closed to
use by all aircraft. Additionally, markings are placed so that the maximum nterval between the markings does
not exceed 300m. On a taxway, a closed marking shall be placed at least at each end of a taxiway or portion
thereofthat is closed.

Characteristics
The closed marking is shaped lke a cross. The marking is white when displayed oR a runway and yellow when
displayed on a taxiway.
NON LOAD-BEARING SURFACES
The boundary between load-bearing surfaces and non load-bearing surfaces, such as shoulders for taxiways,
holding bays, aprons and other non load-bearing surfaces which, if used, might result in damage to the aircraft
are indicated by a taxi side stripe. This marking consists of a par of solid lines the same color as the taxiway
centerline marking.

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|OAO RECOMMENDED AIRFORT SIGNS;:RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS

PRE.THRESHOLD AREA MARKING (CHEVRON MARKING)

Vvhen the paved surface pror to the threshold exceeds 60m in length and is not suitable for use by aircraft, the

entre length will be rnarked with a chevron rnarking (preferably yellow) pointing in the drection of the runway
threshold.

THRESHOLD

END OF ICAO RECOMMENDED AIRPORT SIGNS, RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS

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INC., 2004. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED,