INTRODUCTION

This experiment are used to determine and analysed the stability of slope at the
specific location like Lorong 1, Kampung Baru Cina, Kapit, Sarawak, to prevent or
minimize the failure of slopes, understand the basic concept and basic design
considerations of slope stability, and be familiar with design procedure. Slope stability
was defined as the resistance of inclined surface to failure by sliding or collapsing and
slopes can be natural or man made. Natural and man made forces like wind, water,
embankment, and highway change the topography on the earth, then creating unstable
slopes. Failure for both slopes have resulted in much destruction, economic losses, and
environmental damage or more worse is death.

METHODOLOGY
An exposed ground surface that stands at an angle () with the horizontal is called
slope and slope stability analyses are useful in sands, silts,and normally consolidated or
over consolidated clays. In this experiment, the stability of simple slopes is examined.
The main factors that provoke the slope failures are natural causes of erosion, seepage
and landslides and by construction activities like excavation and change of land surface
respectively.
There are several methods by which the stability of a slope may be analysed, many
are valid only under certain conditions including an alternative methods of slope stability
analysis. A large number of methods for the characteristic were summarized using the
slope analysis methods based on limit equilibrium like slices (Fellenius, 19267) ,
Bishops Simplified Method (Bishop, 1955), Jambus Method (Jambu, 1973) and
Spencers Method (Spencer,1967).

For this experiment, we applied the Finite Element Methods (FEM) to evaluate the
slope stability, and generally there are two approaches to analyse the slope stability using
this method. One approach is to increase the gravity load and the second one is to reduce
the strength characteristics of the soil mass. Also,the Factors of Safety (FOS) is needed to
be considered carefully in this method and in the soil. There are two types of stability in
calculating the FOS for the slope which is undrained and drained stability using total
stress analysis and effective stress analysis ( ordinary method of slice) with respectively.
The finite element method have the advantages approach in the analysis of slope
stability problem over traditional limit equilibrium methods are FEM makes it possible to
calculate stresses and deformation state in a rock mass and subjected to its self weight, no
assumption needs to be made in advance about the shape or location of the failure
surface, and able to monitor progressive failure up to and including overall shear failure.
On the other hand, widespread use of this method should now be seriously considered as
a powerful alternative to traditional limit equilibrium methods because of its sufficiency
of data to evaluate and analyses the slopes of stability of soil.

REFERENCE
1.

O.C. Zienkiewicz and R.L. Taylor, The Finite Element Method solid Mechanicals,
Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, Vol. 2, 2000. p, 459.

2.

Slope Stability, retrieved from

www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/geol204/slopestability.htm on 22nd Sept 2015.