FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

PASIR GUDANG

LABORATORY MANUAL

COURSE

CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIAL

COURSE CODE

ECS256

LEVEL OF OPENNESS

CATEGORY

PARTIALLY OPEN ENDED

DEGREE OF OPEN-ENDED (%)

33

PERIOD OF ACTIVITY

1 WEEK

TITLE

AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE (AIV)

1.1 Introduction
Level 1 laboratory activities refer to the condition where the problem and ways &
means are guided and given to the students. However the answers to the
assignment are left to the students to solve using the group creativity and
independent learning amongst student and prepare them for a much harder task
of open-ended laboratory activities.
In this task, students will exposed to the apparatus on how to measure the
Aggregate Impact Value of natural aggregate used in laboratory.

PREAMBLE

1.2 Objectives
To determine the aggregate impact value (AIV) of natural aggregate used in the
laboratory
1.3 Learning Outcomes
At the end of the week, students should be able to:
1. Conduct the aggregate impact value test procedure and calculate the
percentage of AIV for the used aggregate
2. Identify the type of aggregate used

PROBLEM STATEMENT

2.1 Problem Statement

Students are required to weigh the aggregates for certain amount, conduct the
sieving test and AIV test. The aggregate used are classified as ungraded natural
coarse aggregate.
3.1 Procedure:

WAYS & MEANS

1.0 Preparation of Materials

Materials that are used are natural aggregates (NA) and make sure surfaced dry. If
dried by heating, the period of drying shall not exceed 4 hours and temperature
shall not exceed 110C. Cool to room temperature before testing.

FKA, UiTM, PASIR GUDANG

NOV. 2014

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
PASIR GUDANG

LABORATORY MANUAL

2.0 Preparation of the Aggregate Specimens

Measure about 3kg of the material and grade the size of aggregate by using BS
sieves aperture sizes 20mm,14mm,10mm and pan. The standard test shall consist
of aggregate passing a 14.0mm sieve and retained on a 10.0mm sieve.
3.0 Testing Specimen Preparation
-Fill up the measure cup about one third full means of a scoop. The aggregate is
being discharged from a height not exceeding 50mm above the top of the cup.
-Tamp the aggregate with 25 blows of the rounded tamping rod, each blow being
given by allowing rod to fall freely from a height of about 50mm above the surface
of the aggregate and the blows being evenly distributed over the surface.
-Fill completely the measure and tamp 25 times. Remove, by rolling the tamping
rod across and in contact with the top of the container, any aggregate which
impedes in progress. Aggregate are being added to fill any obvious depressions.
-Weight the mass of aggregate in the measure cup (mass A).
4.0 Testing Procedure
-Fix the cup firmly in position on the base of the machine and place the whole of
the test sample in it and compact by a single tamping of 25 strokes of the tamping
rod as above.
-Subject the test sample to a total of 15 blows from the aggregate impact test
machine, each being delivered at an interval of not less than 1 second.
-Remove the crushed aggregate by holding the cup over a clean tray and
hammering on the outside with a suitable rubber mallet until the sample particles
are sufficiently disturbed to enable the mass of the sample to fall freely on to the
tray. Transfer the fine particles adhering to the inside of the cup and the
underside of the hammer to the tray by means of a stiff bristly brush.
-Sieve the whole of the sample in the tray on the 2.36 mm BS test sieve until no
further significant mount passes in 1 min.
-Weight the fractions passing and retained on the sieve to an accuracy of 0.1 g
(mass B and mass C respectively), and if the total mass B + C is less than the initial
mass (mass A) by more than 1 g, discard the result and make a fresh test.
-Repeat the whole procedure starting from testing using a second sample of the
same mass as the first sample.
5.0 Calculation for Aggregate Impact Value
The ratio of the mass of fines formed to the total sample mass in each test shall be
expressed as a percentage, the result being recorded to the first decimal place.
Percentage fines = (B/A) 100
Where:
A is the mass of surface- dry sample (g)
B is the mass of fraction passing the sieve for separating the fines (g)

FKA, UiTM, PASIR GUDANG

NOV. 2014

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
PASIR GUDANG

LABORATORY MANUAL

4.1 Analysis
The different aggregate impact value of aggregate will indicates the different
types of nature rocks and the suitability of its aggregate to being used as surface
grading or non-surface grading.

RESULTS

--------------------------------------------------Rock type AIV

range
--------------------------------------------------Basalt 11%
10-13%
Andesite 13%
11-16%
Felsite 13%
12-15%
Dolerite 13%
10-17%
Granite 19%
17-21%
Limestone 17%
15-20%
Marble 19%
16-21%
Table 1.0 Some characteristic AIV values for rock types exploited in Scotland.

Classification of aggregates using Aggregate Impact Value is as given below:

Aggregate Impact Value

Classification

<20%

Exceptionally Strong

10 20%

Strong

20-30%

Satisfactory for road surfacing

>35%

Weak for road surfacing

FKA, UiTM, PASIR GUDANG

NOV. 2014