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regulations made by the people for their goods. This idea later becomes the corner
stone for the democratic ruling system in different parts of the world.
Internal sovereignty
Internal sovereignty refers to the sovereignty enjoyed by the state within its
territory and jurisdiction. The legal and political sovereignties are crucial to
understand the internal sovereignty of a state. Through the legal sovereignty, state
can impose rules and regulations upon its citizen, regardless of his or her social,
political and economic positions. In return, individual rights are provided by the
state to its citizen aiming their safety, security and dignity of life. Political
sovereignty of the state deals with the political power enjoyed by the state to
impose certain power on its citizen to attain any of its motives even using
repressive actions. Police and military organizations are set up for this purpose. The
internal sovereignty thus generally mean that within its territory, the state have the
right to enjoy a sovereign power over its citizens, resources, institutions etc. no
other state can interfere in the decision making process of the state in these areas.
According to the type of ruling system existing in a political community, the nature
of internal sovereignty also changed. In the monarchic set up therefore, the
sovereignty is centered on an individual or the legislative body. While in a federal
set up, it would be shared by the union as well as the provincial states. It is the
constitution of a state which determines and put up guideline about the nature of
sovereignty of the state. The internal sovereignty is also found to be shared by
number of groups and institutions of the state. Thus the law making aspect of State
is dealt by the legislative body, Judiciary its constitutional aspects whereas the
bureaucratic organizations and other administrators functions for the
implementation of rules and regulations of the state.
External sovereignty
The external sovereignty is related with the fact that, every state in the world is
sovereign and constitutionally independent from other states. In the external
sovereignty, if one state encounters any issues with its neighboring or any other
state, they are supposed to mitigate with each other. However, the two world wars
and the globalization in last two decades lead to a situation where, the issues
between two or more states does not limit to themselves and affect the whole
world. This further lead to the formation of international rules, regulations and
guidelines to be followed by all nations in the world. The formation of United Nations
after the Second World War therefore aims to form a general consent among the
nation regarding international relations. The liberalization of the economy in more
than last two decades leads the nations to form alliances and associations in
economic spheres. The European Union in Europe and SAARC in south Asia are
prominent examples for this. Apart from this we have witnessed various trade
agreements between nations in the world like general agreement of trade and tariff
(GATT), general agreement on trade and services (GATS) etc. These changing
situations further prompted nations to liberate their sovereign power in certain
sectors where, other nation can play vital role in determining their policies.
Thus, the history of the emergence and development of the idea of sovereignty
suggests that, with the changing nature of the political and economic areas in the
world, the nature of the idea of sovereignty is also getting changed.