Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
W. R. Rishi (Padmashri)
ROMA
PUBLICATIONS
1982
M r W e e r R a j e n d r a Rishi is a w e l l - k n o w n
linguist of' I n d i a a n d wa s a w a r d e d t h e h o n o u r
o f P a d m a s h r i by t he P r e s i d e n t o f I n d i a in 197U
f o r his c o n t r i b u t i o n in t he field o f linguistics.
H e w a s h o n o u r e d by t he G o v e r n m e n t o f P u n j a b
a l s o in 1963.
M r Rishi t o o k v o l u n t a r y r e t i r e m e n t f r o m
t he I n d i a n F o r e i g n Ser vice in 1973, H e w o r k e d
in t he I n d i a n E m b a s s y a t M o s c o w (1950-52),
a n d t he I n d i a n H i g h C o m m i s s i o n s at S i n g a p o r e
( 1962-65) a n d L o n d o n (1969-71). He w o r k e d
as I n t e r p r e t e r t o
v a r i o u s Sovi et d i gn i t a r i e s
including Khruschev,
Bu l ga ni n ,
Voroshilov,
Marshall
Zakharov,
Kosygin,
etc.
He
a c c o m p a n i e d t he e x - P r e s i d e n t o f I nd i a ,
late
D r . R a j e n d r a P r a s a d , as his I n t e r p r e t e r d u r i n g
his official visit to t he Sovi et U n i o n in 1960.
M r Ri shi is n o w the D i r e c t o r o f t h e I n d i a n
I n s t i t u t e o f R o m a n i St u d i es , C h a n d i g a r h a n d is
ed i t i n g R O M A a hal f - year l y j o u r n a l on t he
life, l a n g u a g e a n d c u l t u r e o f t he R o m a . H e has
t r a ve l l e d wi del y in E u r o p e , t h e U S S R , etc. a n d
lived a m o n g s t R o m a . He is a m e m b e r o f t h e
P r e s i d i u m o f t he W o r l d R o m a n i Co n g r e s s .
H e is t he a u t h o r o f (1) R u s s i a n - H i n d i
Dictionary (foreword
by
t he
lat e P a n d i t
J a w a h a r l a l N e h r u ) , (2) R u s s i a n G r a m m a r in
Hi n d i , (3) R u s s i a n F o l k l o r e in H i n d i (4) H i n d i
t r a n s l a t i o n o f P u s h k i n s p o e m G Y P S Y , (5)
Marriages of
t he Or i e n t ,
(6) R o m a T h e
P u n j a b i E m i g r a n t s in E u r o p e , t he U S S R , the
Americas
etc.
(7)
R o m a n i-Punjabi-English
C o n v e r s a t i o n B o o k , (8) R o m a n i - P u n j a b i - E n g l i s h
D i c t i o n a r y a n d (9)
Multi-Lingual
Romani
Dictionary
( R o m a n i H i n d i En gl i s h F r e n c h
Rus si an) .
CHAPTER
II
Affinity in Language
As mentioned in the preceding chapter both Russian and
Sanskrit belong to the satem group of the Indo-European
family of languages. This, however, creates one mis-under
standing in ones mind that the relation between Sanskrit and
Russian is as distant one as that between Sansksit and other
Indo-European languages. As will be explained in this chapter,
the relation between these two languages is very close and
correspondence between these two languages is so minute that,
to use Dr. Sidheshwar V arm as words, it cannot be a mere
chance. The facts unfolded in this chapter are compulsory
enough to lead us to conclude that during some period of
history, the speakers of Sanskrit and Russian have lived close
together. This will be elucidated in Chapters V onwards.
In the sphere of vocabulary, there is such a large number
of words which are common to these two languages that it has
not been possible to mention all of them in this chapter. Only a
list of basic words common to both these two languages has
been given. Moreover, as explained in the succeeding p a r a
graphs of this chapter many of the grammatical rules are
common to both these languages and the number of words
common to these two languages formed after the application of
such common grammar rules could be further multiplied. This
is not so when we compare Sanskrit with any other language
belonging to the Indo-European group, leaving aside Iranian
and Persian.
Affinity in Language
15
Special Features
'
Bfcfore taking up a detailed examination of the rules of
grammar, phonetics and morphology common to Sanskrit and
Russian, I would like to discuss some of the special features
which are common to these two languages.
In the previous chapter, we have already referred to the
statement made by Sir Jones saying that the Sanskrit language
is of a wonder structure; more perfect than the Greek, mere
copious than the Latin, and more exquisitely refined than
either . The very name Sanskrit means carefully constructed,
systematically form ed, polished and refined. Same can be
said of the Russian language. In addition to the strong
common grammatical base which we will discuss later in this
chapter, it is the pleasingness of the mere sound of the language
which is common to both Russian and Sanskrit. Professor N.B.
Japson,1 a British scholar, and a notable philologist and linguist
thus expressed himself at a lecture at London University in
March 1937 on the subject of the pleasing sound of the Russian
language.
It is nevertheless a matter of common experience that a
person completely ignorant of Russian, who for the first time
hears the language spoken by a native, will voluntarily exclaim:
Why, how melodious Russian sounds I always thought it is so
hard, nothing else but a succession of long syllables, of unpro
nouncable words. . . Once a learner has sufficiently overcome
the difficulties of the language to be able to understand it when
spoken, and to appreciate, dimly perhaps, but still appreciate,
the written w'ord of the great writers, his admiration increases
till he is unrestrainedly ready to subscribe to the touching and
famous words of one of the Prussias noblest writers :
In days o f doubt, in days of painful reflection on the fate
of my country, you alone give succour and support to me
great, mighty, truthful and free Russian tongue. Were
it not for you, how should one not fall into despair when
seeing all that is taking place at home ? But it is impossible
to believe that a language was not given to a great people*
. . . Turgenev.
1. A s quoted by D e Bray in his G uide to the Slavonic Languages , J.M .
D en t & Sons Ltd., L o n d o n , 1951 p. 25.
16
Affinity in Language
17
18
Affinity in Language
19
20
Affinity in Language
whose
21
22
Russian
Sanskrit
meaning tha t
tomu
toi
tem
toi
tasmai
tasyai
tena
taya
tom
tekh
meaning this
tasmin
teshu
etomu
etoi
etasamai
etasyai
etim
etoi
etena
etay
Affinity in Language
Locative Masculine
Singular
Plural
(c) Russian ya
Sanskrit aham)
Dative case
'
Accusative case
Instrumental case
(d) Russian kto
Sanskrit kah)
Nominative case
Dative case
Instrumental case
etom
etikh
meaning T
etasmin
eteshu
mne
menya
mnoyu
meaning who
me
mama
maya
kto
komu
kem
23
kah
kasmai
kena
Verbs
Both in Russian and in Sanskrit verbs are conjugated
according to person (first person, second person and third
person) and number (singular and plural). Sanskrit has in
addition dual number.
Both in Russian and in Sanskrit verbs are formed by the
addition of adverbial prefixes thereby changing their meanings
e.g. kh o d ii (to go), vikhodii (to go out), vkhodit (to go in),
p erekhodif (to cross), prokhodii (to pass), p rikh o d it (to come),
iskhodit (to originate, to come from), pokhodiV (to resemble),
zakhodit (to call on), nakhodit (to find), vskhodit (to ascend,
rise),prevskhodit' (to excell), niskhodit (to go down) etc. etc.
Similarly in Sanskrit hara (to bring), prahara (to attack),
vihra (to move or roam about), samhra (to kill), pari heira (to
abandon) etc. etc.
A list of verbs common in Russian and in Sanskrit and other
words made therefore is given at the end of this chapter.
Prefixes
Russian a*Sanskrit aBoth in Russian and sanskrit the prefix a- denotes negative
meanings e.g. Russian amoralny (non-moral, amoral) ; Sanskrit
akarkasa (not hard), aktara (not dejected).
24
Russian ni- and neSanskrit nihThe prefix ni- and ne- in Russian denote negative meaning
e.g. nikuday nekuda (nowhere) nikak (in no way), nesomnenno
(undoubtedly), nespely (not ripe). The prefix nih- in Sanskrit
also denotes the same meanings e.g. nihsabda (having no sound),
nihloma (having no hair), nihvkya (having no speech).
Affinity in Language
25
Russian Sanskrit aThe Sanskrit adverbial prefix a meaning to, tow ards as in
devas (to the gods) is connected with the Russian o- as in okolo
(round about).1
Suffixes
'
Russian -stvo, -o s t\-ta
Sanskrit -tva, ~ta
In Russian the suffix -stva, -o s t\ -ta is used to denote the
meaning of -ness e.g bogastvo (richness, prosperity), estestvo
(existance), strogost (strictness), chernota (blackness) etc. The
suffix -tva and -ta in Sanskrit also denote similar meanings e.g.
bhagatva (richness prosperity), astitva (existence), krishnata
(blackness).
Dr. Sidheshwar Varma, the noted linguist of India in a
personal note to the au th o r says: Again the Russian suffix
-stvo is an interesting composite of two suffixes, viz. -isko and
-/vo, as has been demonstrated by Vondrak in his G ra m m a r of
Slavonic Languages 1.490.
Russian -tyeV
Sanskrit -tri
The Russian suffix tyeV after the root of a particular verb
gives that word the meaning of doer of that particular action
e.g. uchityeV (one who teaches, teacher) from the Russian verb
uchiC (to teach) and chitatyeV (one who reads, reader) from the
Russian verb chitat' (to read). In Sanskrit the suffix -tri is used
to denote similar meanings e.g. dhtri (the holder) from the
Sanskrit verb dh meaning to hold and bhartri (the bearer)
from the Sanskrit verb bhar (to bear).
The delicate suffixal correspondence between Sanskrit and
Russian has been described by Brugmann Vol. I p. 416 in his
Comparative G r a m m a r of Indo-European Languages e.g.
Sanskrit tanuka (dimunitive of tanu) meaning th in and Russian
tonky meaning th in and Old Slavonic tmiku. According to
Dr. Sidheshwar Varma such minute correspondence cannot
be a mere chance. These facts are compulsive enough to lead
1.
Language
26
Affinity in Language
27
the later stages suffix bccame -ic e.g. Old Slavonic veste (more)
from vetie.
In the Russian language, adjectivcs in the comparative and
superlative degrees are to be followed by nouns etc. in the
genetive case starshe menia (older than me). Here menia is in
the genetive case. Similarly in bogateishi vsekh (richest of all)
vsekh is in the genetive case. Similarly, in Sanskrit when it is
intended to express the meanings of comparative degrees, the
noun following is used in the genetive case, e.g. anayora
desayo deso bhadratarah (of these two countries which is the
better). The superlative degree in Sanskrit is usually joined
with the genetive e.g. brhmano dvipadm sreshtho (Brhmana
is the best of all bipeds) : gaura varishtha catushpadm (cow is
the best of quadrupeds), etc. etc.
Diminutives
In Russian diminutives are formed by adding -ik or -ka to
the noun e.g. dom (house), domik (little house) ; chasha (cup),
chashka (little cup). In Sanskrit also diminutives are formed by
adding -ka to the noun e.g. putra (son),putraka (little son),
kumr (boy), kumraka (little boy). According to Dr. Sidheshwar Varma, the diminutive suffix is interestingly so common to
Sanskrit as well. Vondrak in his Comparative G ra m m a r of the
Slavonic Languages (in G erman language) mentions (Vol. I, p.
614) the Serbian konjic (small horse) but konj (horse).
In Russian also kon' is horse but konyok is little horse*.
We will now give a list of words common to both Russian and
Sanskrit arranged in certain groups.
Numerals
Russian
Dva
Tri
- Trety
Chetyrye
Chetvyorty
Sanskrit
Meaning
Dvi
Two
Dva (in Mundakopanishada)
Tri
Three
Tritlya
Third
Catura
Four
C aturtha
Fourth
28
Russian
Pinch (Ol. SI.)1
Pyat (Russian)
Pyati
Shest
Shestoi
D esyat
D v en a d sat
T rinadsat
Chetyrnadsat
P yatnadsat
T ridsat
Sto
Dvesti
Trista
Chetyryesta
Pyatsot
Shestsot
D ekada
Oba
Obe
Relations
M a t , M atka
Brat
Sest ra
Syn
Nitiji (01. SI.)
Doch (Russ.)
Dushti (01. Si.)
Ditya (child)
Meaning
Panca
Pancama
Shash
Shashtha
Dasa
Dvdasa
Trayodasa
Caturdasa
Poncadaia
Trinsat
Satam
Dvisatam
Trisatam
Catursatam
Pancasatam
Shalsatam
Dasaka
U bha
Ubhe
Five
Fifth
Six
Sixth
Ten
Twelve
Thirteen
Fourteen
Fifteen
Thirty
Hundred
Two hundred
Three hundred
Four hundred
Five hundred
Six hundred
Ten-day period
Both
Mtri. Mtrik
Bhrtri
Svasri
Sunu
Napt, Naptri
Duhitri
M other
Brother
Sister
Son
G randson or nephew.
D aughter
Dhlta (Sucked)
in, on etc. In Russian these two Old Slavonic vow els have becomc yc: and
e.g. pinch becom es pyat. S e e p . 19 a n te -N asa I Vowels.
Affinity in Language
Russian
Sanskrit
Zyat
Snckha
Svyokor
Svyokrov
Zhena
Dever1
Jetri (Ol. SI.)
J;lmatri
Snusha
Svasura
Svasru
-Jan i
Devara
Ytri
Vdova
Ydovstvo
Ded
Priyatel
Vidhava
Vidhavatva
D ada (Hindi)
Priya
ronouns
Etot
Tot
Tomu
Tem
Kto
Komu
Kem
Kotory
Kto
Inoi
Vara (PI.)
Vas
Vash
Mne
Mnoyu
29
Meaning
Scn-in-law
Daughter-in-law
Father-in-law
Mother-in-law
Wife
H usbands brother
Wife of hu sbands
brother
Widow
Widowhood
Great-grand-father
Dear (friend)
Etad
Tat
Tasmai
Tena
Kah
Kasmai
Kena
K atara
Katara
Anya
Vam (dual)
Vas
Yushmkam
Me, Mahyam
Maya
This
That
To that
By that
Who
To whom
By whom
Which
Who
Another
To you
Yours
To me
By me
30
Tebya
Toboi
Tebe
rts o f body
Brov
Griva
Usta
Zub
Nos, Nosik
Oko
Gorlo, Glotka
Volos
Cherep
Pa
Nogot
Krov
Myaso
Serdtsye
Khromoi
Zhizn
Zhiv, Zhivoi
Zhivost
Smert
Myortvyi
Mocha
Animals etc.
Vol
Volk
Sanskrit
Meaning
Nas
Ours
**
Asmkam
Ones own
Sva
Self
Samam
(Pali word)
Sama, Samana The same
Tvam
Thou
Thou (accusative
Tva
Tvay
By you
,
To you
Tubhyam
Bhr
Griva
Oshtha
Jambha
Nasa, Nsika
Akshi
Gala
Bla (Hindi)
K a rp a ra
Pada
Nakha
Kravya
Mnsa
Hriday
Srma
Jivana
Jiva
Jivatva
Mrityu
Mrita
M u tra
Brow
Neck, Mane
Lips
Tooth
Nose
Eye
Throat
Hair
Scull
Step
Nail
Blood, raw flesh
Flesh, Meat
Heart
Lame
Life
Alive
Liveliness
Death
Dead
Urine
Bail (Hindi)
Vrika
Bullock
Wolf
Affinity in Language
Russian
Byk
Govedo (Ol. SI.)
Sobaka
Mysh, Myshka
Ovets
Koza
Shakal
Oien
Zhivotnoe
Roga
Nosorog
Okhota
Okhotnik
Sokol
Sanskrit
31
Meaning
Vrisha
Bull
Go
Cow
vka, Svna
Dog
Mush, M ushka Mouse
Avi
Sheep
Aj
Goat
Srigla
Jackal
H arin a
Deer
Jlvatnu
Animal, living
being.
Sringa
Horn
Nssringa
Rhinoceros
kheta
Hunting game
Akhetika
Hunter
Sakuna
(Large) bird, falcon.
Nabhas
Abhra
Megha
Surya
Msa
Vta
Vtaka
Jma, Ila
Jmaniya
Giri
Droni, D oon
(Hindi)
U dap ta
Asm an
Bhaga
Bhagadena
Pujan
Bhagapujan
Sky
Cloud
Cloud
Sun
Moon Wind
(Little) breeze.
Earth
Relating to earth
Mountain
Valley
Waterfall
Stone
God
Gift of God (name)
Worship
Worship of God
32
Sanskrit
Bogosluzheniye
Bogomater
Bhagasusrush
Bhagamtri
Bozhestvo
Bozhye moi !
Bhagatva
Bhaga m e !
Dina
DainikI
(Hindi)
N akta , Nis
Msa
Sadyas
Vsanta
Vasantika
H im a
Daru
Druka
Daru
Meaning
Seivice of God
Mother of God,
Mary.
Godliness
My God !
Day
Daily diary
Night
Month
Today
Spring
Relating to Spring
Cold weather,
winter.
Beryoza
Trava
Bhurja
Trina
Tree, wood
Small tree
Fuel, a piece
wood
Birch tree
Grass
Agni
Angara
Jvl
Jvnl
Fire
Charcoal
Burning, heat
Fever, illness
Opposite
opponent)
Between, among
Before
Across
Within
of
Affinity in Language
Russian
S, so
Sanskrit
33
Meaning
sa
With
(Prefix as in
saharsha with pleasure)
House etc.
Dver
Dvernoi
Dvornik
Dorn
Doma
Zal, Zala
Vise (01.Si)
Dvra
Dvarlya
Dvrika
Dama
Damya
Salfi
Vis
Interjections
Akh !
Gei !
Ogo !
Okh !
h !
He !
Oho !
Oh !
Note. In Russian
h is replaced by
either kh or g. There
is no sound h in
Russian
Bhagaka
Bhagatva
Bhara
Bhra
Varshman
Rich
Richness, prosperity
Fight, battle
Burden
Summit, top
Miscellaneous,
Bogach
Bogastvo
Bor ba
Bremya
Vershina, )
Verkh
)
Wies (01.SI.)
Voda
Vodopad
Vor
Girya
Gluboki
Glubina
Glubochaishi
Geroi
Gnezda
Vis
Uda
Udapata
Hfira
Guru
Gambhlra
Gam bhana
Gambhistha
Vlra
Nlda
Door
Relating to door
Doorkeeper
House
Being in house
House, Hall
Village, Clan, a
settlement.
Village, settlement.
Water
Waterfall
Thief
Weight
Deep
Depth
Deepest
Hero
Nest
34
Sanskrit
Dlinni
Dym
Dirgha
Dhma
Durnoi
Igo
Itak
K anava
K uda
Kogda
Vsegda
K ubok
DurYuga
lti
Katham
Khanava
Kuha, kutra
ad a
Sad a
Kumbhaka
Kucha
Lyogki
Mzda
Myod
Medovoi
Medovoi mesyats
Nagoi
Nizki
Nizost1
Nikak
Novi
Novost
.
Os
Pena
Pesok
Plod
Put
Rebyonok
Rota (01.SI)
Rai
Svyatoi,
Svint (01. SI.)1
Soyuz
Meaning
Long
Smoke
Bad
Yoke
Thus
How
Ditch, Mine
Where (to)
When
Always
Goblet,
bowl,
little ja r
H eap
Guccha
L a g h u ,la g h u k a Light, not heavy
Midha
Reward
Madhu
Honey
Mdhavlya
Relating to honey
Honey-moon
Madhumsa
Nude
Nagna
Low
Nicais, Nlca
Nicatva
Lowness
In no way
N-katham
Nava
New
Navatva
Newness, News
Aksha
Axle
Phena
Foam
Sand
Pnsu
Fruit
Phala
Path a
Path
Arbhaka
Child
Vow, pledge
Vrata
Wealth, paradise
Rayi
Santa
Holy person
Samyoga,
Union
Affinity in Language
Russian
Sanskrit
35
Meaning
Sangha
Tam as
Tamasa
Tyu
Tuccha
Srama
Srmya
Darkness
D ark coloured
Thief
Empty
Lame
Lameness
Vejati
To run
Vega
Vegaka
Vegatva
Run, running
Runner, fugitive
Velocity, flight
Bhagn
(Hindi)
Bhid
Runner
Biago
Bhalla
(Prakrit)
Bhalai
(Hindi)
Good, blessing
Boltat
Boltlivost
BoIIati
To speak, chatter
(Prakrit)
Bolna (Hindi)
Btni (Hindi) Talker, jabble
Bol, bta
Talk
(Hindi)
Bollakadta
Talkativeness
Brat
Brosil
Bharat i
Bhransyati
Bivat\
Bit
Bhavati
To be
Tma
Tyomni
Taty (01.S1.)
Tusti (01.SI.)
Khrom, khromoi
Khromota
Verbs and verbal nouns
Begat )
Bezhat )
Beg
Beglets
Begstvo )
Beglost )
Begun
Rozbit from Bit
Bolioon
Boltovnya
To break
Sanskfit
Meaning
Budit
Budhyati
To wake
Vedat
Vedeniye
Vid, vetti
Vedana
To know
Knowing
Vernut
Vertet
Vertushka
Vartayati
Vartayati
Vartuk
Veshat
Vishati
To hang
Boitsya
Boyazn
Boyazlivi
Boyaziivost
To be afraid o f
Bhayate
Bhayana, Bhaya Fear
Fearful, timid.
Bhaylu
Fearfulness, timidity
Bhayluta
Vozit
Voz
Transport, carry
Cartload
Vozka
Vozok
Vahati
Bojha (Hindi) )
Vha )
Vhaka
Vahaka
Vozvratit
Vartati
Voprisit
Vipricchati
Vopros
Viprasna
To question, to
enquire
Question
Voskliknut
Vikrosati
To cry
Vyazat
Vyazka
Vyazaniye
Bandhati
Bandhaka
Bandhana
To tie
Binding
Tying up, connection
Vyazat
Vayati
To knit
G a d a t
Gadati
Carrier
One who carries.
Affinity in Lauguage
Russian
Sanskrit
Meaning
Gadaniye
G adana
Telling
G lotat
Glotaniye
Glotka
Gilati
Gilana
Gala
To swallow
Swallowing
Throat
Govorit
Gavati
To speak
G ra bit
Grabyozh
Grabityel
Grabhati
G rabhana
G rabhaka
To seize, loot
Seizing
One who seizes
D at
Dan )
Dar )
Datyel
Dati
Dana
To give
Gift, contribution.
Data,
Dtri
Giver
Dvoit
Dvoika
Dvityati
Dvika
To double
Couple
D erzhat
Derzhatyei
Derzhaniye
Dharati
Dhryatri
Dhrana
To hold
One who holds
Act of holding
D e l
Dhti
To put
D o it
Doeniye
Doinik
Duhati
D hn (Hindi)
Duhnik
To milch
Milching
Milk-pot
D rat
Dira
Daryati
Dari
To tear, cleave
Opening, hole
D ut
Dhamati
To blow
Est
Asti
Is
37
38
Sans ri't
Meaning
Estestvo
Astitva
Existence
Est*
Eda
Edok
Asnati, atti
Ad
Adaka
To eat
Eating
Eater
Ekhat*
Eshati
To go
Zhevat
Zhevaniye
Carvati
Carvana
To chew
Chewing
Zhenitsya
Janiyati
Zhit
Zhiv, zhivoi
Zhivost
Zhivyom
Zhitel*
Jivati
JIva
Jlvatva
Jiva
Jivitara
To live
Alive
Liveliness
Alive
Resident
Zoviot
Zov
Havate
Hava
Calls
A call
Zvonit )
Zvenet )
Zvonok
Dhvanati
To ring
D hvanaka
Bell
<
Zevat*
Jambhati
To yawn
Znat*
Znatok, Znatni
Jnti
Jnt, Jntri
Znaniye
Jnn
To know
Scholar, specialist,
one who knows
Knowledge
Idti, Itti
Eti
To go
Izbrat
varati
To select
Affinity in Language
Russian
Sanskrit
Meaning
Izbraniye
varana
Selection
Ikat*
Hikkati
To hiccup
Krosati
To cry
KrTnati
To buy
Kroit
Kroika
Kfit
Krintaka
To cut
Cutting
Lizat
Lizaniye
Lihati
Lehana
To lick
Licking
Lipnut
Lipki
Lipati
Lepaki (Hindi)
To stick
Sticky
Meshat
Meshaniye
Misrayati
Misrana
To mix
Mixing
Mnit
Mneniye
Manute
M a nan a
To think
Opinion, thought
Molot
Molotba
Mardati
M ardana
To grind
Grinding
Nesti
Nosityel
Nayati
Netri
To carry
One who carries
Nizat
Nahati
To string, fasten
N ispadat
P a d a t
Padeniye
Nipatati
Patati
Pata na
To fall down
To fall
Fall (noun)
Pech
Pekar
Pacati
Paktri
To cook, to bake
One who cooks,
baker
K richat
Sanskrit
Meaning
Pecheniye
Pechka
Pit
Pacana
Pacaka
Pibati
Baking
Cooker, stove
To drink
Plavat
Plavaniye
Plavets
Plavati
Plavana
Plavaka
To swim
Swimming
Swimmer
Poit
Plyate
To make somebody
drink
Polnet
Polno
Polnost )
Polnota )
Polnostyu
Purnati
Piirna
Purnatva
To fill
Full
Completeness, fullness
Purnatah
Completely, fully
Pochltat
Pochitaniye
Pochjtaniye
Pjati
Pjana
Pjaniya
To respect, worship
Respect, worship
Respected
Prosit
Prichhati
To ask, enquire
Prisnut
Prisnti
To sprinkle
Svetit
Svet
Svetate
Svita
Svetli
Svetilnik
Sveta
Svetake
To be bright, shine
Brightness, light,
wholeness
Bright, white
T hat makes bright,
lamp
Slushat
Slushaniye
Srinoti
Sravana
To hear
Hearing
Spat
Svapiti
To sleep
Affinity in Language
Russian
Spit
Son
Sanskrit
41
Meaning
Supta
Svapna
Asleep
Act of sleeping
Trasati
To frighten
Trasyati
Trsa
Trasaniya, )
To get frightened
Fright
Frightening,
fearful
Trasina
Sushit
Sukhoi
Sukhost )
Sush
)
Sushyati
Sushka
To dry
Dry
Sokha (Hindi) )
Sushkata
)
Dryness
Sushka
Sushkatva
Susha
Drying
Chernet
Chyorni
Chernogrivi
Chernota
Kiishnoti
*
Krishna
Krishnagriva
Krishanta
To become black
Black
Black-necked
Blackness
Sidet
Sideniye
Sideniye
Sidati
Sadana
Sadana
To sit
Sitting
Seat
Topit*
Topka
Teplota
Tapati
Tapana
To heat
Heating
Warmth, heat
Try a st i
Trasati
To shake, quiver
42
India^and Russia
Tryaseniye
T ry a k h n u f
Trasana
Trasyati
Shaking, quivering
To cause to shake,
quiver
T y a n u t
Schupat
Tanoti
Chupti
To stretch
T o touch, feel by hand