Spreadsheet Title:

Last Revision Date:

Project
Job No.
Subject
Sheet No.
Made By
Date Made
Checked By
Date Checked

Comments
1/9/2009

Spreadsheet Instructions

Color coding
[CYAN shading]
[LIGHT GREEN shading]
[red border]
[yellow shading]
Functions

Disclaimer

Spreadsheet Revision History

1/22/2009 [ver. 0.1]

Creep Calculation, ver. 0.1

1/22/2009
***All blue fields are used for input.***
by ok

Test problem for "staged construction - various scenarios for 5-story building"

ok
2/9/2009

Created by ok
Visit
https://wiki.csiberkeley.com/x/xZQa
for detailed information about this test problem

nstructions
Macros must be enabled to obtain full functionality of this spreadsheet.
This spreadsheet enable to calculate creep coefficient and shrinkage strain according
to CEP-FIB model code 90.

User's input.
Cell whose content was copied to adjacent cells AS FORMULA.
Key input parameters
Important results.

Four VBA functions listed below are defined in this spreadsheet to calculate the creep
coefficient and shrinkage strain. See comments within the VBA code for additional
details.
Function CreepCoeff(t_0 As Double, t As Double)
Function DeltaCreepCoeff(t_0 As Double, t_beg As Double, t_end As Double)
Function ShrinkageStrain(t_s As Double, t As Double)
Function DeltaShrinkageStrain(t_s As Double, t_beg As Double, t_end As Double)

This spreadsheet was created in the hope that it will be useful, but is distributed
without any warranty from the author and it is intended solely for illustration purporses.

Revision History
First version of the creep calculation spreadsheet.

Calculate creep coefficient based on CEB-FIP Model Code 90

Recalculate

Material properties and creep parameters

These parameters are used for functions

Ac =

2250000 mm2

Eci =

39900 MPa

fck =

56 MPa

Used only to calculate fcm as fcm = fck +

fcm =

64 MPa

Mean compressive strength of concrete

fcm0 =

10 MPa

Code constant

h=

750 mm

Area of the concrete member

Modulus of elasticity of concrete at the a

Notional size of member, h = 2 A

where Ac is cross-section area and u is

h0 =

100 mm

RH =
RH0 =

60 %
100 %

t1 =

1 day

H = 150 [1+ (1.2 RH/RH0)^18] h/h0 + 250 =

Code constant

Relative humidity of the ambient environ

Code constant
Code constant

1378.0418

Creep coefficient calculations

t0 =

7 days
14 days

t=

Age of structure when load is applied

Age of structure when creep deflection is

(t, t0) = 0 c(t-t0) =

0.3930 [-]

Calculated creep coefficient [Eq. 2.1-6

0 = RH (fcm) (t0) =

1.9201 [-]

Notional creep coefficient

RH = 1 + [1-RH/RH0] / [0.46 (h / h0)^(1/3)] =

1.4442 [-]

(fcm) = 5.3 / (fcm/fcm0)^0.5 =

2.0950 [-]

(t0) = 1 / [0.1 + (t0/t1)^0.2]

0.6346 [-]

c(t-t0) = { (t-t0)/t1 / [H + (t-t0)/t1] }^0.3 =

creep coefficient via VBA function =

0.2047 [-]

#VALUE!

creep coefficient calculated using VBA fu

Coefficient

Creep coefficient graph

Creep Coefficient
12

Creep Coefficient

Creep Coefficient
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0

2000

4000

6000
Time (days)

8000

100

meters are used for functions defined in the spreadsheet.

concrete member
elasticity of concrete at the age of 28 days

o calculate fcm as fcm = fck + 8 (MPa)

pressive strength of concrete at the age of 28 days.

e of member, h = 2 Ac / u

is cross-section area and u is perimeter of member in contact with athmosphere

midity of the ambient environment.

cture when load is applied

cture when creep deflection is calculated

7
14

creep coefficient [Eq. 2.1-64]

eep coefficient

icient calculated using VBA function

t0 =

t
14
28
56
100
200
500
1000
2000
5000
10000

8000

10000

12000

creep coeff
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

Calculate shrinkage strain based on CEB-FIP Model Code 90

Recalculate

Material properties and shrinkage parameters

These parameters are taken fro

RH =
RH0 =

60 %

relative humidity of the ambient

100 %

code constant (taken from creep

h=

750 mm

Notional size of member, h = 2 A

where Ac is cross-section area

(taken from creep calculations
h0 =

100 mm

code constant (taken from creep

t1 =

1 day

code constant (taken from creep

fcm =

64 MPa

mean compressive strength of c

fcmo =

10 MPa

code constant (taken from creep

14 days

age of concrete

Shrinkage strain calculations

t=
ts =

7 days

cs(t,ts) = cso * s(t-ts) =

-0.000007 [-]

cso = s(fcm) * RH =

-0.0003524 [-]

s(fcm) = [ 160 + 10 sc * (9 - fcm/fcmo) ] * 10^-6 =

5 [-]

RH = RH1 or RH2 =

-1.2152

RH1 = -1.55 sRH =

0.25 [-]

s(t-ts) = { [ (t-ts)/t1 ] / [ 350(h/h0)^2 + (t - ts)/t1 ] }^0.5 =

0.0188528 [-]

coefficient to describe developm

#VALUE!

shrinkage strain calculated via V

Shrinkage strain graph

Shrinkage Strain
rinkage Strain

coefficient which depends on th

- use 4 for slowly hardening ce
- use 5 for normal or rapid har
- use 8 for rapid hardening hig
use RH1 for 40% <= RH < 99 an

0.784 [-]

RH2 = + 0.25 =

10

notional shrinkage coefficient

-1.2152

sRH = 1 - (RH/RH0)^3 =

12

calculated total shrinkage or s

0.000290

sc =

shrinkage strain via VBA function =

age of concrete at the beginning

Shrinkage Strain

Shrinkage Strain
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0

2000

4000

6000 (days)
Time

8000

10000

These parameters are taken from the "Creep" tab and are used for functions in this spreadsheet
relative humidity of the ambient environment (taken from creep calculations)
code constant (taken from creep calculations)
Notional size of member, h = 2 Ac / u
where Ac is cross-section area and u is perimeter of member in contact with athmosphere
(taken from creep calculations)
code constant (taken from creep calculations)
code constant (taken from creep calculations)
mean compressive strength of concrete at the age of 28 days (taken from creep calculations)
code constant (taken from creep calculations)

age of concrete
age of concrete at the beginning of shrinkage or swelling
calculated total shrinkage or swelling strains
notional shrinkage coefficient
coefficient which depends on the type of cement:
- use 4 for slowly hardening cement, SL
- use 5 for normal or rapid hardening cements N and R
- use 8 for rapid hardening high strenght cements RS
use RH1 for 40% <= RH < 99 and RH2 for RH >=99%

coefficient to describe development of shrinkage with time

shrinkage strain calculated via VBA function

ts =

t
7
28
56
100
200
500
1000
2000
5000
10000

10000

12000

shrinkage strain
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

Verify SAP2000 results for "LOAD" load case:

- creep not considered
- newly added joints are placed to undeformed position

Deformation of 1 story due to applied load =

(from "(DEF) LOAD+CR" tab)

Stage

Story

1
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5

Story
Deformation

1
1
2
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5

0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732
0.0206070732

0.020607 mm

Joint 1 (add all

deformations of
story 1)

Joint 2 (add all

deformations of
stories 1 and 2
after story 1 is
erected)

Joint 3 (add all

deformations of
stories 1-3 after
story 2 is erected)

0.020607
0.020607
0.000000
0.020607
0.000000
0.000000
0.020607
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.020607
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000

0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.000000
0.020607
0.020607
0.000000
0.000000
0.020607
0.020607
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000

0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.000000
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.000000
0.000000

0.103035

0.164857

0.185464

Joint 4 (add all

deformations of
stories 1-4 after
story 3 is erected)

Joint 5 (add all

deformations of
stories 1-5 after
story 4 is erected)

0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.000000

0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607

0.164857

0.103035

Verify SAP2000 results for "(DEF) LOAD" load case:

- creep not considered
- newly added joints are placed to deformed position, using ghost structure

Deformation of 1 story due to applied load =

(from "(DEF) LOAD+CR" tab)

0.020607 mm

Deformation of each story (column segment) in each stage

Joint displacements for "(DEF) LOAD" load

(to obtain joint displacement, sum deforma

Story

Joint/Top
of Story

5
4
3
2
1

stage 1

stage 2

stage 3

stage 4

0.020607
0.020607 0.020607
0.020607 0.020607 0.020607
0.020607 0.020607 0.020607 0.020607

stage 5

0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607

5
4
3
2
1

stage 1

0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607
0.020607

acements for "(DEF) LOAD" load case

joint displacement, sum deformation of all stories up to the current story, for all stages up to the current stage)
stage 2

0.061821
0.061821
0.061821
0.061821
0.041214

stage 3

0.123642
0.123642
0.123642
0.103035
0.061821

stage 4

0.206071
0.206071
0.185464
0.14425
0.082428

stage 5

0.309106
0.288499
0.247285
0.185464
0.103035

Verify SAP2000 results for "LOAD+CR" load case:

- creep considered
- newly added joints are placed to undeformed position

Recalculate

creep related data

Stage Name (start
day - end day)

Stage 1 (7-14)
Stage 2 (14-21)

Stage 3 (21-28)

Stage 4 (28-35)

Stage 5 (35-42)

Stage Number Joint/story at Load causes Creep only?

(corresponds to which load is deformation
story added for
applied:
of story:
stages 1-5)

1
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

1
1
2
2
1
2
2
3
3
3
1
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
1
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5

1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
3
1
1
2
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
1
1
2
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4

creep only

creep only
creep only
creep only

creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only

creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only

t0 (age at
time when
the load is
applied)

tbeg (age
at start of
stage)

[days]

[days]

7
7
14
7
7
14
7
21
14
7
7
14
7
21
14
7
28
21
14
7
7
14
7
21
14
7
28
21
14
7
35
28
21
14

7
14
14
7
21
21
14
21
14
7
28
28
21
28
21
14
28
21
14
7
35
35
28
35
28
21
35
28
21
14
35
28
21
14

Stage 6 (42-~1970)

5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6

5
1
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5

Double check "LOAD+CR" load case using the above

table. (This corresponds to a situation when joints are
placed in defomred position.):

story

total story
deformation

cummulative
displacement
(joints placed
in deformed
position)

1
2
3
4
5

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

5
1
1
2
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5

creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only
creep only

7
7
14
7
21
14
7
28
21
14
7
35
28
21
14
7

7
42
42
35
42
35
28
42
35
28
21
42
35
28
21
14

ep related data

story deformation

tend (age delta rho

at end of
(creep
stage) coefficient)

[days]

14
21
21
14
28
28
21
28
21
14
35
35
28
35
28
21
35
28
21
14
42
42
35
42
35
28
42
35
28
21
42
35
28
21

elastic

[mm]

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

0.0206
0.0000
0.0206
0.0206
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0206
0.0206
0.0206
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0206
0.0206
0.0206
0.0206
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0206
0.0206
0.0206
0.0206

creep

[mm]

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

calculate displacements for joints 1-5 (for joints added to undeform

total

Joint 1 (add all

deformations of
story 1)

Joint 2 (add all

deformations of
stories 1 and 2
after story 1 is
erected)

[mm]

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000

14
1977
1977
1970
1977
1970
1963
1977
1970
1963
1956
1977
1970
1963
1956
1949

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

0.0206
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
(joint 1 final UZ)

0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
(joint 2 final UZ)

r joints 1-5 (for joints added to undeformed position) (in progress)

Joint 3 (add all
deformations of
stories 1-3 after
story 2 is erected)

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000

Joint 4 (add all

deformations of
stories 1-4 after
story 3 is erected)

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

Joint 5 (add all

deformations of
stories 1-5 after
story 4 is erected)

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
0.000000
#VALUE!
(joint 3 final UZ)

0.000000
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
0.000000
#VALUE!
(joint 4 final UZ)

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
(joint 5 final UZ)

Creep.SDB
KN,mm,C
Area =
Eci =
fck =
fcm =
h=
RH =
L=

this tab contains original calculations for the "LOAD+CR" load case by rs

2250000
39.9
0.056
0.064
750
60
3700

Force P =
Stress sc =

500
0.0002222

Strain eci =

5.57E-006 Elastic

Strain ecc(t,t0) = sc(t0) * F(t,t0) / Eci

F(t,t0) = F0 * B(t - t0)
t0 =
7
14
F0 = FRH * B(fcm) * B(t0)
FRH =
1.4442374 1.4442374
B(fcm) =
2.0950089 2.0950089
B(t0) =
0.6346091 0.5570353
F0 =
1.9201305 1.6854164

t = Age at end of stage

21

28

35

1.4442374 1.4442374 1.4442374

2.0950089 2.0950089 2.0950089
0.5158851 0.4884495 0.468128
1.5609084 1.477897 1.4164102

B(t-t0) = (((t - t0)/1)/(BH + (t - t0)/1))^0.3

BH =
1378.0418
Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Stage 1
Elastic
Total step 1
Creep, Stage 1 load
Total step 2

0.0206071
0.0206071
0.0080991
0.0287062

Stage 2
Elastic
Total step 3
Creep, Stage 1 load
Creep, Stage 2 load
Total step 4

0.0206071
0.0493133
0.001857
0.0071091
0.0582793

0.0206071
0.0412141

Stage 3
Elastic
Total step 5
Creep, Stage 1 load
Creep, Stage 2 load
Creep, Stage 3 load
Total step 6

0.0206071
0.0788864
0.0012709
0.00163
0.0065839
0.0883712

0.0206071 0.0206071
0.0994935 0.0618212

0.0080991
0.0582793

0.001857
0.0071091 0.0080991
0.1179444 0.0883712

Level 4

Level 5

t=
t=
t=
t=
t=
t=

14
21
28
35
42
1970

Stage 4
Elastic
Total step 7
Creep, Stage 1 load
Creep, Stage 2 load
Creep, Stage 3 load
Creep, Stage 4 load
Total step 8

0.0206071
0.1089783
0.0009937
0.0011155
0.0015096
0.0062338
0.1188309

0.0206071 0.0206071 0.0206071

0.1591585 0.1501924 0.0824283

Stage 5
Elastic
Total step 9
Creep, Stage 1 load
Creep, Stage 2 load
Creep, Stage 3 load
Creep, Stage 4 load
Creep, Stage 5 load
Total step 10

0.0206071
0.1394379
0.0008266
0.0008722
0.0010331
0.0014293
0.0059744
0.1495736

0.0206071 0.0206071 0.0206071 0.0206071

0.21971 0.2403171 0.2012592 0.1030354

Stage 6
Elastic
Total step 11
Creep, Stage 1 load
Creep, Stage 2 load
Creep, Stage 3 load
Creep, Stage 4 load
Creep, Stage 5 load
Total step 12

0
0.1495736
0.020686
0.0188698
0.0182714
0.0182663
0.018865
0.2445322

0
0
0
0
0.2396983 0.2697902 0.2396983 0.1495736

0.0012709
0.00163 0.001857
0.0065839 0.0071091 0.0080991
0.1784959 0.1784959 0.1188309

0.0009937
0.0011155 0.0012709
0.0015096
0.00163 0.001857
0.0062338 0.0065839 0.0071091 0.0080991
0.2396983 0.2697902 0.2396983 0.1495736

0.0215126
0.019742
0.0193046
0.0196956
0.4149117

0.0225063
0.0208576 0.0237772
0.0208141 0.0224876 0.0256342
0.5091816 0.5253544 0.4608639

ad case by rs

t = Age at end of stage

ucc(t,t0) = F(t,t0) * eci * L = F0 * B(t - t0) * eci * L
7
14
21
28
35
0.0080991
0
0
0
0
0.0099561 0.0071091
0
0
0
0.011227 0.0087391 0.0065839
0
0
0.0122207 0.0098546 0.0080935 0.0062338
0
0.0130473 0.0107268 0.0091266 0.0076631 0.0059744
0.0337333 0.0295967 0.0273981 0.0259294 0.0248394

Elastic displacement due to stage 1 load

Stage 1 creep due to stage 1 load

Elastic displacement due to stage 2 load

Stage 2 creep due to stage 1 load
Stage 2 creep due to stage 2 load

Elastic displacement due to stage 3 load

Stage 3 creep due to stage 1 load
Stage 3 creep due to stage 2 load
Stage 3 creep due to stage 3 load

t0 = Age at start of stage when load applied

Elastic displacement due to stage 4 load

Stage 4 creep due to stage 1 load
Stage 4 creep due to stage 2 load
Stage 4 creep due to stage 3 load
Stage 4 creep due to stage 4 load

Elastic displacement due to stage 5 load

Stage 5 creep due to stage 1 load
Stage 5 creep due to stage 2 load
Stage 5 creep due to stage 3 load
Stage 5 creep due to stage 4 load
Stage 5 creep due to stage 5 load

Stage 6 creep due to stage 1 load

Stage 6 creep due to stage 2 load
Stage 6 creep due to stage 3 load
Stage 6 creep due to stage 4 load
Stage 6 creep due to stage 5 load

load applied

Verify SAP2000 results for "(DEF1) LOAD+CR" load case:

- creep considered
- newly added joints are placed to deformed position, using ghost structure with change modifiers only
(this causes incorrect age of concrete for newly added segments, as this age is counted from the first stage)

t0 =
t=
creep coefficient =

7 days
14 days
#VALUE!

Age of structure when load is applied

Age of structure when creep deflection is calculated

L=
Pnew =

3700 mm
500 kN

Length of the member

Newly applied force at t0 (causes elastic deformation)

Ptotal =

500 kN

Total force acting at time t0 (causes creep)

total(t, t0) = ci(t0) + cc(t, t0) =

ci(t0) = ci(t0) * L =
ci (t0) = c,new (t0) / Eci =
c,new(t0) = Pnew / Ac =
cc(t, t0) = cc(t, t0) * L =
cc(t, t0) = c,total(t0) / Eci * (t, t0) =
c,total(t0) = Ptotal / Ac =

#VALUE! mm
0.021 mm

Total elastic and creep displacement at time t

5.6E-006 [-]

Initial elastic displacement

Initial elastic strain at time t0

0.222222 MPa

Elastic stress at time t0 due to newly applied loads

#VALUE! mm
#VALUE! [-]

Displacement due to creep at time t

Creep strain at time t > t0

0.222222 MPa

Total stress acting on section at time t0

ection is calculated

s elastic deformation)

ment at time t

ewly applied loads

Stage 1
Loads

Stage 2
Loads

Story 1
Stage 3
Loads

Stage 4 Stage 5&6 Stage 2

Loads
Loads
Loads

Story 2
Stage 3
Stage 4 Stage 5&6
Loads
Loads
Loads

7
14
21
28
35
14
21
28
35
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

0.020607 0.020607 0.020607 0.020607 0.020607 0.020607 0.020607 0.020607 0.020607
5.6E-006 5.6E-006 5.6E-006 5.6E-006 5.6E-006 5.6E-006 5.6E-006 5.6E-006 5.6E-006
0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222
#VALUE!
(joint 1 final
UZ)

#VALUE!
(joint 2 final
UZ)

Stage 3
Loads

Story 3
Story 4
Story 5
Stage 4 Stage 5&6 Stage 4 Stage 5&6 Stage 5&6
Loads
Loads
Loads
Loads
Loads

21
28
35
28
35
35
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
1977
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

0.020607 0.020607 0.020607 0.020607 0.020607 0.020607
5.6E-006 5.6E-006 5.6E-006 5.6E-006 5.6E-006 5.6E-006
0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222 0.222222
#VALUE!
(joint 3 final
UZ)

#VALUE! #VALUE!
(joint 5 final
UZ)

(joint 5 final
UZ)

Verify SAP2000 results for "(DEF2) LOAD+CR" load case:

- creep considered
- newly added joints are placed to deformed position, using ghost structure with change modifiers and remove/add
(this enables to use correct age of concete for newly added segments)

t0 =
t=
creep coefficient =

7 days
14 days
#VALUE!

Age of structure when load is applied

Age of structure when creep deflection is calculated

L=
Pnew =

3700 mm
500 kN

Length of the member

Newly applied force at t0 (causes elastic deformation)

Ptotal =

500 kN

Total force acting at time t0 (causes creep)

total(t, t0) = ci(t0) + cc(t, t0) =

ci(t0) = ci(t0) * L =
ci (t0) = c,new (t0) / Eci =
c,new(t0) = Pnew / Ac =
cc(t, t0) = cc(t, t0) * L =
cc(t, t0) = c,total(t0) / Eci * (t, t0) =
c,total(t0) = Ptotal / Ac =

#VALUE! mm
0.021 mm

Total elastic and creep displacement at time t

5.57E-006 [-]

Initial elastic displacement

Initial elastic strain at time t0

0.2222222 MPa

Elastic stress at time t0 due to newly applied loads

#VALUE! mm
#VALUE! [-]
0.2222222 MPa

Displacement due to creep at time t

Creep strain at time t > t0
Total stress acting on section at time t

odifiers and remove/add

oad is applied
reep deflection is calculated

(causes elastic deformation)

e t0 (causes creep)

displacement at time t

due to newly applied loads

eep at time t

ection at time t0

Stage 1
Loads

Stage 2
Loads

Story 1
Stage 3
Loads

Stage 4
Loads

7
1977
#VALUE!

14
1977
#VALUE!

21
1977
#VALUE!

28
1977
#VALUE!

35
1977
#VALUE!

7
1970
#VALUE!

14
1970
#VALUE!

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

Stage 5&6
Loads

Stage 2
Loads

Story 2
Stage 3
Loads

0.0206071 0.0206071 0.0206071 0.0206071 0.0206071 0.02060707 0.02060707

5.57E-006 5.57E-006 5.57E-006 5.57E-006 5.57E-006 5.569E-006 5.569E-006
0.2222222 0.2222222 0.2222222 0.2222222 0.2222222 0.22222222 0.22222222
#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

0.2222222 0.2222222 0.2222222 0.2222222 0.2222222 0.22222222 0.22222222

#VALUE!
(joint 1 final
UZ)

Story 2
Stage 4
Loads

Stage 5&6
Loads

Stage 3
Loads

Story 3
Stage 4
Loads

Stage 5&6
Loads

Story 4
Stage 4
Stage 5&6
Loads
Loads

Story 5
Stage 5&6
Loads

21
1970
#VALUE!

28
1970
#VALUE!

7
1963
#VALUE!

14
1963
#VALUE!

21
1963
#VALUE!

7
1956
#VALUE!

14
1956
#VALUE!

7
1949
#VALUE!

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

3700

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

0.02060707 0.02060707 0.02060707 0.02060707 0.02060707 0.02060707 0.02060707 0.02060707

5.569E-006 5.569E-006 5.569E-006 5.569E-006 5.569E-006 5.569E-006 5.569E-006 5.569E-006
0.22222222 0.22222222 0.22222222 0.22222222 0.22222222 0.22222222 0.22222222 0.22222222
#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

#VALUE!

0.22222222 0.22222222 0.22222222 0.22222222 0.22222222 0.22222222 0.22222222 0.22222222

#VALUE!
(joint 2 final
UZ)

#VALUE!
(joint 3 final
UZ)

#VALUE!
(joint 5 final
UZ)

#VALUE!
(joint 5 final
UZ)