CAPET

1. LAMBERT-

Issue-

 2I. RODBERT- m. WILLSIWINDA

2I. RODBERT (LAMBERT 1)

m. WILLISWINDA, d. of Adalhelm, Grundherr im Wormsgau

The third continuator of the Gesta Abbatum Trudonensium names "Robertus comes vel dux Hasbanie" in
715, and quotes a charter dated 7 Apr 742 under which "Robertus comes, filius condam Lamberti" donated
property "in villa…Sarcinio…in pago Hasbaniensi…[et] Halon, Scaffnis, Felepa et Marholt" to St
Trudon(1). Comes palatinus 741/42. Graf im Oberrheingau und Wormsgau in 750.

Robert was comes in Neustria and Austrasia and died before 764 when Williswinda founded the abbey of
Lorsch with their son Cancor as a proprietary church and monastery on their estate Laurissa. They
entrusted it to her grandson Chrodegang, Archbishop of Metz who became its first abbot. "Cancor…
Rhenensis pagi comes cum matre sua…Williswinda vidua Ruperti comitis" founded Kloster Lorsch by
charter dated 764 (2). "Williswinda…et filius meus Cancor" donated "villam…in pago Wormatiense…
Hagenheim super fluvium Salusiam", inherited from "genitoris mei…Adelhelmi", to monastery
"Lauresham in pago Rhenense super fluvium Wisgotz" by charter dated 12 Jul 764, signed by "…Heimerici
filii Cancronis"(3). "Heimericus" names "Williswinda avia ipsius Heimericus" in an undated charter
relating to a donation to Kloster Lorsch(4). "Karolus…rex Francorum", in an undated charter (placed in the
compilation with charters dated 772) related to Kloster Lorsch, names "avia…Heimerici…Williswinda vel
genitor suus Cancor, germano suo domino Ruodgango archiepiscopo"(5). The primary source which
confirms her parentage, and that her husband was named Robert, has not yet been identified.

Issue-

 I. Cancor- m. Angila (d. after 1 June 770). Graf im Rheingau.

 II. Anselm- killed in battle in Spain in c.785
 III. Robert- d. after 786
 3IV. THURINGBERT- d. after 770

Ref:

(1) Gestorum Abbatum Trudonensium Continuatio Tertia, I, 7, MGH SS X, p. 371

(2) Codex Laureshamensis (1768)- Vol. I, p. 2
(3) Ibid
(4) Glöckner, K. (ed.) (1933) Codex Laureshamensis, Band II (Darmstadt) (“Lorsch”) 65, p. 94
(5) DD Kar. 1, 65, p. 94

3I. THURINGBERT of Worms and Rheingau (LAMBERT 1, RODBERT 2)

d. after 770

"Cancor et Angila conjux mea" donated property "in illa marcha de Bisistat…de dote Angilæ" [Birstatt] to
Lorsch by charter dated 1 Jun 770, signed by "Thurincberti fratris ipsius Cancronis et Heimerici filii
sui"(1). The Chronicon Laureshamense records "Thurincberti fratris ipsius Cancronis" as signatory of the
donation dated 1 Jun 770 by "comitis Cancronis et uxoris eius Angila"(2). "Turincbertus" donated property
to Lorsch by charter dated 1 Nov 767 subscribed by "Heimerici comitis"(3). Grundherr im Rheingau und

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Wormsgau. "Turincbertus et filius meus Rotbertus" donated property "in pago Rinensi in villa…Birstat" to
Lorsch by charter dated Jun 770(4).

Issue-

 4I. RODBERT- m.1. THEODERATA, 2. Isengarde, d.c.807

Ref:

(1) Codex Laureshamensis (1768), Tome I, X, p. 23

(2) Chronicon Laureshamense, MGH SS XXI, p. 350
(3) Ibid- II, 167, p. 3
(4) Ibid- p. 4

4I. RODBERT (LAMBERT 1, RODBERT 2, THURINGBERT 3)

m.1. THEODERATA
2. Isengarde
d.c.807

Robert or Chrodobert was a Frank and the Count of Worms and Rheingau and Duke of Hesbaye.

"Turincbertus et filius meus Rotbertus" donated property "in pago Rinensi in villa…Birstat" to Lorsch by
charter dated Jun 770(1). Graf im Wormsgau und Oberrheingau 795/807. Herr zu Dienheim 795. Einhard
records that "Radbertus missus imperatoris" died in 807 after returning from the Orient(2). It is possible
that "Radbertus" refers to "Rodbertus".

Issue-

 5I. ROBERT- m. WILTRUD, d. before 19 Feb. 834

Ref:

(1) Codex Laureshamensis II, 168, p. 4

(2) Einhardi Annales 807, MGH SS I, p. 194

5I. ROBERT (LAMBERT 1, RODBERT 2, THURINGBERT 3, RODBERT 4)

m. WILTRUD, d. of Adrainus and Waldrat.

d. before 19 Feb. 834

Robert was the Count of Worms and Rheingau. His neice Ermengard, was the wife of the Frankish emperor
Louis the Pious, his cousin Chrondogang was Archbishop of Metz and Abbot of Lorsch Abbey, and his
uncle was Count Cancor, founder of Lorsch Abbey.

"Karolus…augustus…imperator Romanum…rex Francorum et Langobardorum" issued a judgment by

charter dated 8 Mar 812 which names "fidelibus nostri: Gerulfus, Guntlandus, Hedo, Armannus, Hamricus,
Sicardus, Rotbertus comitibus…Amalricus comiti palatii nostro"(1). Graf im Wormsgau. The
Commemoratio Missis Data dated 825 [before Nov] names "…in Mogontia…Heistulfus episcopus et

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Ruodbertus comes…"(2). "Wialdruth et Guntram" donated property "in Buosinesheim" for the soul of
"Rutperti comitis quondam viri mei" by charter dated 19 Feb 834(3).

Issue-

 I. Guntram-
 ? 6II. ROBERT- d. 15 Sept. 866, Battle of Brissarthe
 III. Oda- m. Walacho, Graf im Wormsgau
 IV. Adalelm- d. after 6 Mar. 870
 V. ______- m. Megingoz, Graf im Wormsgau
 VI. Wildrut- m. Aledram, Comte de Troyes
 VII. Eudes- d. 1 Aug. 871. King of the Western Franks

Ref:

(1) DD Kar. 1, 216, p. 288

(2) MGH Capitularia I, 151, p. 308
(3) Codex Laureshamensis II, 271, p. 49

6II. ROBERT the Strong (LAMBERT 1, RODBERT 2, THURINGBERT 3, RODBERT 4, ROBERT

5)

d. 2 July 866 Battle of Brissarthe

Little is know of the origins of this family, however, it seems as though they had their origins in Hesbaye or
Metz. During the reign of Louis the German they moved from East Francia to the west. No definite proof
has so far been identified of the identity of Robert "le Fort" with the son of Robert Graf im Wormsgau.
However, Regino provides possible indications of the ancestry of Robert "le Fort" in two passages,
although they are not precise enough to exclude the possibility that they refer to relatives of Robert's wife.
Firstly, he names "Megingaudus comes, nepos supradicti Odonis regis (son of Robert)" when recording his
death in 892. Secondly, he names "Waltgerius comes, nepos Odonis regis, filius scilicet avunculi eius
Adalhelmi in Aquitanien" when recording his battle against "Ramnulfum et fratrem eius Gozbertum et
Ebulonem abbatum de sancto Dionysio " in Jul 892(2).

Robert was named for the first time in Germany in 836, "son of the late Rodbert Graf von Wormsgau", as
the donor of property at Mettenheim(1). Robert was named as lay abbot of Marmoutier in 852 (3).

Robert was Margrave of Neustria and was first nominated by Charles the Bald missus dominicus in 853 for
the provinces of Maine, Anjou and Touraine. The missus functioned as a intermediary between royal and
local admistrations and supervised the administration of mostly justice in the king's dominions. He also had
control of the ancient ducatus Cenomannicus, a duchy centered on Le Mans and corresponding to the
regnum Neustriae. Robert's rise was designed to curb the power of the family of the Rorigonids and to
defend Neustria against Viking and Breton raids.

Charles the Bald invested Louis the Stammerer with the regnum Neustriae in 856 and compensated Robert
for his losses by giving him the counties of Autun and Nevers in Burgundy. He had to defend Autun from
Louis the German following the death of Lothair I, but, following the assassination in Nov. 857 of Erispoe,
Duke of Brittany, Robert joined a revolt against the king leading the nobles of Neustria with the Bretons
under Salomon and invited Louis the German to invade West Francia and receive their homage. Louis the
German reached Orleans in Sept. 858 and received delegations from the Breton and Neustrian leaders as
well as from Pepin II. The rebels had chased Louis the Stammerer from Le Mans earlier in the year.
Charles the Bald made peace with Robert and appointed him Count of Anjou. In 862 Charles the Bald

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granted his son Louis the Stammerer the abbacy of St. Martin of Tours, a small benefice compared with the
kingdom he had received in 856 and lost in 858. Louis then rebelled and was joined by Salomon who
supplied troops for a war against Robert. Two groups of Vikings, one fleet recently forced out of the Seine
by Charles the Bald and the other fleet returning from a Mediterranean expedition, were hired by Salomon
to attack the Loire valley. Robert captured twelve of their ships and killed all on board. He then negotiated
with the former Seine Vikings and hired them against Salomon for 6,000 livres. The peace between the
Franks and the Vikings only lasted a year as in 863 Salomon made peace with the Vikings and they then
turned on Neustria. Also in that year he had to defend Autun again from Louis the German. In 865 and 866
the Bretons and Vikings were ravaging the environs of Le Mans and Robert was killed at the Battle of
Brissarthe on 2 July 866 fighting against Salomon and the Viking chief Hastein. During the battle, Robert
had entrapped the Viking commander in a nearby church. Thinking he was not endangered, Robert took off
his armour and began to besiege the church. Once Robert was unarmoured, the trapped Vikings launched a
surprise attack and killed him before he had time to re-arm.(4) His success against the Vikings led to his
heroic characterisation as "a second Maccabaeus" in the Annales Fuldenses.

Issue-

 I. Odo- m. Theodrata of Troyes, d. 3 Jan. 898 La Fere sur Oise

 7II. ROBERT- b.c.866, m.1. Adele, 2. BEATRICE de VERMANDOIS (d. after 931), d. of Herbert I
of Vermandois, d. 923

Ref:

(1) Settipani (1993), p. 399- who does not cite the source reference
(2) Reginonis Chronicon 892, MGH SS I, pp. 604 and 605
(3) Settipani (1993), p. 399
(4) Adonis Continuatio Prima, Auctore Anonymo 866, MGH SS II, p. 324

Foundation for Medieval Genealogy at: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/FRANCONIA.htm

The Danegeld in France- Einar Joranson, Augustana, Rock Island, 1923- pp.59-61
Province and Empire: Brittany and the Carolingians- Julia Smith, Cambridge University Press, 1992
Politics and Power in Early Medieval Europe: Alsace and the Frankish Realm 600 – 1000- Hans Hummer,
Cambridge University Press, 2005
The Capetians, Kings of France 987-1328- James Bradbury, Hambledon Continuum, 2007
Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians 751-987- R. McKitterick, Longman, London and New York,
1983- p.266

7I. ROBERT I, King of France (LAMBERT 1, RODBERT 2, THURINGBERT 3, RODBERT 4,

ROBERT 5, ROBERT 6)

b.c.866
m.1. Adele
2. BEATRICE de VERMANDOIS (d. after 931), d. of Herbert I of Vermandois
killed 15 June 923 Battle of Soissons

Robert was the brother of Odo, who became king of the Western Franks in 888 and who moved the capital
to Paris. Robert was at the Siege of Paris in 885. He was appointed ruler of several counties by his brother,
including the county of Paris and he was Abbot in Commendam of several abbeys. He became Dux
Francorum, a high military honor. Robert did not claim the throne of Western Francia upon his brother's
death in 898, but recognised the supremacy of the Carolingian king, Charles the Simple who confirmed his
offices and possessions. He continued to serve King Charles, defending northern Francia from the attacks
of the Norsemen until about 921 when Charles' rule and his partiality for Haganon, aroused considerable
irritation. Supported by the clergy and some of the most powerful Frankish nobles, Robert took up arms

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against Charles and drove him into Lorraine and he was then crowned King of the Franks at Rheims on 29
June 922. Charles regrouped and on 15 June 923 at the Battle of Soissons, Robert was killed, according to
one story, in single combat with his rival Charles.

Denier of Robert I from the mint at Tours.

Issue- first two children by Adele, last two by Beatrice.

 I. Emma- m. Rudolph, Duke of Burgundy (d. 15 Jan. 936 Auxerre, Yonne, bur. Abbaye de Ste.
Colombe de Sens), d. 2 Nov. 934
 II. Hildebranda/Adela- m. Heribert II, Count of Vermandois (d. 23 Feb. 943, bur. St. Quentin)
 8III. HUGH the Great- b.c.900, m.1. Judith du Maine, 2. Eadhild, 2. c.936 HEDWIGE of Saxony,
mistress- Raingardad, 16 June 956 Dourdan
 IV. Richilda-

8III. HUGH (LAMBERT 1, RODBERT 2, THURINGBERT 3, RODBERT 4, ROBERT 5, ROBERT

6, ROBERT 7)- Great Duke of France

b.c.900
m.1. Judith du Maine, d. of Roger, Comte du Maine and Rothilde
2. Eadhild, d. of Edward the Elder, King of England
2. c.936 HEDWIGE of Saxony, d. of Henry the Fowler and Matilda of Ringelheim
mistress- Raingarda
d. 16 June 956 Dourdan, bur. St. Denis

Hugh was the Great Duke of France as well as Count of Paris and Duke of Lower Burgundy.

Upon the death of Rudolph, Duke of Burgundy in 936 Hugh was in possession of nearly all the region
between the Loire and the Seine corresponding to Neustria with the exception of the territory ceded to the
Normans in 911. He took an active part in bringing Louis IV, son of Charles the Simple, from his exile in
England in 936, but in the same year Hugh married Hedwige of Saxony and soon quarrelled with Louis. At
the time of Hugh's betrothal to Eadhilda he sent sumptuous gifts to King Athelstan including spices, jewels,
horses, three holy relics and a gold crown.

Hugh even paid homage to the Emperor Otto the Great, and supported him in his struggle against Louis.
When Louis fell into the hands of the Normans in 945, he was handed over to Hugh, who released him in
946 only on condition that he should surrender the fortress of Laon. At the council of Ingelheim in 948
Hugh was condemned, under pain of excommunication, to make reparation to Louis. It was not until 950
that he became reconciled with his suzerain and restored Laon. But new difficulties arose, and peace was
not finally concluded until 953.

On the death of Louis IV, Hugh was one of the first to recognize Lothair as his successor, and, at the
intervention of Queen Gerberga, was instrumental in having him crowned. In recognition of this service

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Hugh was invested by the new king with the duchies of Burgundy (his suzerainty over which had already
been nominally recognized by Louis IV) and Aquitaine. But his expedition in 955 to take possession of
Aquitaine was unsuccessful. In the same year, however, Giselbert, duke of Burgundy, acknowledged
himself his vassal and betrothed his daughter to Hugh's son Otto. At Giselbert's death on 8 April 956, Hugh
became effective master of the duchy, but died soon afterwards, on the 16 or 17 June 956, in Dourdan. In
the Divine Comedy Dante meets the soul of Duke Hugh in Purgatory, lamenting the avarice of his
descendants.

Issue- first child possibly by Eadhilda, next four by Hedwige, last child by Raingarda.

 I. Beatrix- d. 23 Sept. 1003, m. 954 Frederic, Graf im Bidgau (d. June 978)
 9II. HUGH- b.c.940, m. ADELAIDE de AQUITAINE (d.c.1004), d. 24 Oct. 996 Paris
 III. Emma- m. Richard, Comte de Normandie, d. after 18 Mar. 968
 IV. Otton- d. 23 Feb. 965, bur. St. Germain d'Auxerre. Duke of Burgundy
 V. Eudes- d. 15 Oct. 1002 Pouilly sur Saone
 VI. Heribert- d. 23 Aug. 996 Chateau de Toucy. Bishop of Auxerre.

9II. HUGH CAPET (LAMBERT 1, RODBERT 2, THURINGBERT 3, RODBERT 4, ROBERT 5,

ROBERT 6, ROBERT 7, HUGH 8)- King of the Franks

b.c.940
m. ADELAIDE of AQUITAINE (d.c.1004) d. of William III, Duc d'Aquitaine and Gerloc of Normandy
d. 24 Oct. 996 Paris
bur. St. Denis Basilica

Denier of Hugh Capet- Beauvais Mint

Hugh inherited his father estates and became one of the most powerful nobles in the West Frankish
kingdom. However, since he was still a minor at his father's death, his uncle Bruno, Archbishop of
Cologne, acted as regent. Of course his neighbors took advantage of this regency and Theobald of Blois
took the counties of Chartres and Chateaudun and Fulk of Anjou carved out a principality for himself out of
Hugh's lands and that of the Bretons.

From 977 until 986 Hugh Capet allied himself with his cousins, the German emperors Otto II and Otto III
and with Archbishop Adalberon of Rheims against King Lothair. By 986 Hugh was king in all but name.
After Lothair and his son died in early 987, Adalberon and Gerbert of Aurillac convened an assembly of
nobles to elect Hugh Capet as their king. In front of an electoral assembly at Senlis, Adalberon gave a
stirring oration and pleaded to the nobles:

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Crown the Duke. He is most illustrious by his exploits, his nobility, his forces. The throne is not acquired
by hereditary right; no one should be raised to it unless distinguished not only for nobility of birth, but for
the goodness of his soul.

He was elected and crowned rex Francorum at Noyon in Picardy on 3 July 987, by the prelate of Reims, the
first of the Capetian house. Immediately after his coronation, Hugh began to push for the coronation of his
son Robert. Hugh's own claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies
harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country
necessitated two kings should he die while on expedition. Ralph Glaber, however, attributes Hugh's request
to his old age and inability to control the nobility. Robert was eventually crowned on 25 December that
same year.

Hugh Capet possessed minor properties near Chartres and Angers. Between Paris and Orléans he possessed
towns and estates amounting to approximately 400 square miles (1,000 km²). His authority ended there, and
if he dared travel outside his small area, he risked being captured and held for ransom, though, as God's
anointed, his life was largely safe. Indeed, there was a plot in 993, masterminded by Adalberon, Bishop of
Laon and Odo I of Blois, to deliver Hugh Capet into the custody of Otto III. The plot failed, but the fact
that no one was punished illustrates how tenuous his hold on power was. Beyond his power base, in the rest
of France, there were still as many codes of law as there were fiefdoms. The "country" operated with 150
different forms of currency and at least a dozen languages. Uniting all this into one cohesive unit was a
formidable task and a constant struggle between those who wore the crown of France and its feudal lords.
As such, Hugh Capet's reign was marked by numerous power struggles with the vassals on the borders of
the Seine and the Loire.

While Hugh Capet's military power was limited and he had to seek military aid from Richard I of
Normandy, his unanimous election as king gave him great moral authority and influence. Adémar de
Chabannes records, probably apocryphally, that during an argument with the Count of Auvergne, Hugh
demanded of him: "Who made you count?" The count riposted: "Who made you king?"

Hugh Capet

Hugh made Arnulf Archbishop of Reims in 988, even though Arnulf was the nephew of his bitter rival,
Charles of Lorraine. Charles thereupon succeeded in capturing Reims and took the archbishop prisoner.
Hugh, however, considered Arnulf a turncoat and demanded his deposition by Pope John XV. The turn of
events outran the messages, when Hugh captured both Charles and Arnulf and convoked a synod at Reims
in June 991, which obediently deposed Arnulf and chose as his successor Gerbert of Aurillac. These
proceedings were repudiated by Rome, although a second synod had ratified the decrees issued at Reims.

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John XV summoned the French bishops to hold an independent synod outside the King's realm, at Aachen,
to reconsider the case. When they refused, he called them to Rome, but they protested that the unsettled
conditions en route and in Rome made that impossible. The Pope then sent a legate with instructions to call
a council of French and German bishops at Mousson, where only the German bishops appeared, the French
being stopped on the way by Hugh and Robert.

Through the exertions of the legate, the deposition of Arnulf was finally pronounced illegal. After Hugh's
death, Arnulf was released from his imprisonment and soon restored to all his dignities.

Basilica de St. Denis- Burial Place of Hugh Capet

Issue-

 10I. ROBERT II- b. 27 Mar. 972 Orleans, m.1. Rozala of Italy (b.c.937, d. 7 Feb. 1003), marriage
annulled 996, 2. 996 Bertha of Burgundy, marriage annulled by Pope Gregory V, 3. CONSTANCE of
ARLES (d. 25 July 1034)d. 20 July 1031 Meulun
 II. Hedwig- m. Reginar IV, Count of Hainault
 III. Gisele- m. Hughes de St. Riquier
 ?IV. Gauzlin- Archbishop of Bourges

Ref:

Les Rois qui ont fait la France: Hugues Capet, le Fondateur- Georges Bordenove, Marabout, Paris, 1986-
pp.265-6
La France au Moyen Âge du Ve au XVe siècle- Claude Gauvard, PUF, Paris, 1996- pp. 163-8, 531

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The Origins of France: From Clovis to the Capetians 500-1000- Edward James, Macmillan, London, 1982-
pp. 182-4
Les Carolingiens: Une famille qui fit l'Europe- Pierre Riché, Hachette, Paris, 1983- pp.285ff
Histoire du Moyen Âge français: Chronologie commentée 486-1453- Laurent Theis, Perrin, Paris, 1992-
pp. 65-70
Anticipatory Association of the Heir in Early Capetian France- Anthony W. Lewis, The American
Historical Review, Vol. 83, No. 4. (Oct., 1978), pp 906–927

10I. ROBERT II the Pious (LAMBERT 1, RODBERT 2, THURINGBERT 3, RODBERT 4,

ROBERT 5, ROBERT 6, ROBERT 7, HUGH 8, HUGH 9)- King of the Franks

b. 27 Mar. 972 Orleans

m.1. Rozala of Italy (b.c.937, m.1. Arnoul, Count of Flanders, d. 7 Feb. 1003), marriage annulled 996
2. 996 Bertha of Burgundy (m.1. Eudes, Comte de Blois), marriage annulled by Pope Gregory V
3. CONSTANCE of ARLES (d. 25 July 1034)
d. 20 July 1031 Meulun, bur. St. Denis

Denier of Robert II- Laon Mint

Robert had begun to take on active royal duties with his father in the early 990s. In 991, he helped his
father prevent the French bishops from trekking to Mousson in the Kingdom of Germany for a synod called
by Pope John XV, with whom Hugh was then in disagreement.

As early as 989, having been rebuffed in his search for a Byzantine princess, Hugh Capet arranged for
Robert to marry the recently-widowed daughter of Berengar II of Italy, Rozala, who took the name of
Susannah upon becoming Queen. She was many years his senior. She was the widow of Arnulf II of
Flanders, with whom she had children, the oldest of whom was of age to assume the offices of count of
Flanders. Robert divorced her within a year of his father's death. He tried instead to marry Bertha, daughter
of Conrad of Burgundy, around the time of his father's death. She was a widow of Odo I of Blois, but was
also Robert's cousin. For reasons of consanguinity, Pope Gregory V refused to sanction the marriage, and
Robert was excommunicated. After long negotiations with Gregory's successor, Sylvester II, the marriage
was annulled.

Finally, in 1001, Robert entered into his final and longest-lasting marriage: to Constance of Arles, the
daughter of William I of Provence. She was an ambitious and scheming woman, who made life miserable
for her husband by encouraging her sons to revolt against their father.

Robert, despite his marital problems, was a very devout Catholic, hence his sobriquet "the Pious." He was
musically inclined, being a composer, chorister, and poet, and making his palace a place of religious

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seclusion, where he conducted the matins and vespers in his royal robes. However, to contemporaries,
Robert's "piety" also resulted from his lack of toleration for heretics.

The kingdom Robert inherited was not large, and in an effort to increase his power, he vigorously pursued
his claim to any feudal lands which became vacant, which action usually resulted in war with a counter-
claimant. In 1003, his invasion of the Duchy of Burgundy was thwarted and it would not be until 1016 that
he was finally able to get the support of the Church and be recognized as Duke of Burgundy.

The pious Robert made few friends and many enemies, including his own sons: Hugh Magnus, Henry, and
Robert. They turned against their father in a civil war over power and property. Hugh died in revolt in
1025. In a conflict with Henry and the younger Robert, King Robert's army was beaten and he retreated to
Beaugency outside Paris, his capital. He died in the middle of the war with his sons on 20 July 1031 at
Melun and was buried with Constance in Saint Denis Basilica. Robert was succeeded by his son Henry, in
both France and Burgundy.

Issue-

 I. Hugh Magnus- b. 1007, d. 17 Sept. 1025

 11II. HENRY I- b. 4 May 1008 Rheims, m.1. before 1033 Mathilde of Germany (b.c.1027, d.s.p. Jan.
1034), 2. Matilda of Frisia (d.s.p. 1044), 3. 19 May 1051 Rheims, ANNE YAROSLAVNA of KIEV (d.
1075)d. 4 Aug. 1060 Vitry-en-Brie
 III. Adele- m. Baldwin V, Count of Flanders (d. 1 Sept. 1067 Lille), d. 8 Jan. 1079
 IV. Constance- m. Manasses, Comte de Dammartin en Goele
 V. Hedwige- m.c.1016 Renaud de Nevers (killed battle of Ste. Vertu, Yonne, 29 May 1040), d. after 5
June 1063
 VI. Robert- d. 18 Mar. 1076 Fleury sur Ouche. Duke of Burgundy.
 VII. Eudes- d. 15 May 1057 Germigny des Pres, Loiret

Ref:

Anticipatory Association of the Heir in Early Capetian France- Andrew W. Lewis, The American
Historical Review Vol. 83, No. 4 (October 1978)- pp.906-927
A missing Capetian princess: Advisa, daughter of King Robert II of France- W. Scott Jessee, Medieval
Prosopography, 1990
Etudes sur le règne de Robert le Pieux- Charles Pfister, Paris, 1885- pp. 41-69

11II. HENRY I (LAMBERT 1, RODBERT 2, THURINGBERT 3, RODBERT 4, ROBERT 5,

ROBERT 6, ROBERT 7, HUGH 8, HUGH 9, ROBERT 10)- King of the Franks

b. 4 May 1008 Reims

m.1. before 1033 Mathilde of Germany (b.c.1027, d.s.p. Jan. 1034)
2. Matilda of Frisia (d.s.p. 1044)
3. 19 May 1051 Reims, ANNE YAROSLAVNA of KIEV (m.2. c.1061 Raoul "le grand" Comte de Valois,
d. 5 Sept. 1075), d. of Yaroslav I of Kiev and Ingegerd Olafsdottir of Sweden
d. 4 Aug. 1060 Vitry-en-Brie

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Denier of Henry I- Toulouse Mint

Henry was crowned King of France at the Cathedral in Reims on 14 May 1027, in the Capetian tradition,
while his father still lived. He had little influence and power until he became sole ruler on his father's death.

The reign of Henry I, like those of his predecessors, was marked by territorial struggles. Initially, he joined
his brother Robert, with the support of their mother, in a revolt against his father in 1025. His mother,
however, supported Robert as heir to the old king, on whose death Henry was left to deal with his rebel
sibling. In 1032, he placated his brother by giving him the duchy of Burgundy which his father had given
him in 1016.

In an early strategic move, Henry came to the rescue of his very young nephew-in-law, the newly appointed
Duke William of Normandy (who would go on to become William the Conqueror), to suppress a revolt by
William's vassals. In 1047, Henry secured the dukedom for William in their decisive victory over the
vassals at the Battle of Val-ès-Dunes near Caen.

A few years later, when William, who was cousin to King Edward the Confessor of England, married
Matilda, the daughter of the count of Flanders, Henry feared William's potential power. In 1054, and again
in 1057, Henry went to war to try to conquer Normandy from William, but on both occasions he was
defeated. Despite his efforts, Henry I's twenty-nine-year reign saw feudal power in France reach its
pinnacle.

Henry had three meetings with Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor, all at Ivois. In early 1043, he met him to
discuss the marriage of the emperor with Agnes of Poitou, the daughter of Henry's vassal. In October 1048,
the two Henries met again, but the subject of this meeting eludes us. The final meeting took place in May
1056. It concerned disputes over Lorraine. The debate over the duchy became so heated that the king of
France challenged his German counterpart to single combat. The emperor, however, was not so much a
warrior and he fled in the night, despite this, Henry did not get Lorraine.

After the death of his wife, Matilda, King Henry searched the courts of Europe for a suitable bride, but
could not locate a princess who was not related to him within illegal degrees of kinship. At last he sent an
embassy to distant Kiev, which returned with Anne (also called Agnes or Anna). Anne and Henry were
married at the cathedral of Reims on 19 May 1051.

King Henry I died on 4 August 1060 in Vitry-en-Brie, France, and was buried in Saint Denis Basilica. He
was succeeded by his son, Philip I of France, who was 7 at the time of his death.

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For six years after Henry's death in 1060, Queen Anne served as regent for Philip, who was only seven at
the time. She was the first queen of France to serve as regent. Her co-regent was Count Baldwin V of
Flanders. Anne was a literate woman, rare for the time, but there was some opposition to her as regent on
the grounds that her mastery of French was less than fluent.

A year after the king's death, Anne, acting as regent, took a passionate fancy for Count Ralph III of Valois,
a man whose political ambition encouraged him to repudiate his wife to marry Anne in 1062. Accused of
adultery, Ralph's wife appealed to Pope Alexander II, who excommunicated the couple. The young king
Philip forgave his mother, which was just as well, since he was to find himself in a very similar
predicament in the 1090s. Ralph died in September 1074, at which time Anne returned to the French court.
She died in 1075, was buried at Villiers Abbey, La-Ferte-Alais, Essonne and her obits were celebrated on 5
September.

In 1717, Tsar Peter the Great stopped in the cathedral in Reims where the French monarchs were crowned.
He was shown the missal on which all French kings since the 11th century swore their coronation oaths. To
everyone's surprise, he began reading from the missal which was written in Old Church Slavonic, the
ancestor of all literary Slavonic languages, and used in Christian Orthodox Churches during the services; its
function was the same as Latin in Western Europe.

Anna had brought the missal with her from Kiev to the Church where she and Henry had taken their vows.
All French monarchs, save the Bonapartes, were crowned after swearing their oaths on it.

11th-century fresco of the St. Sophia Cathedral in Kiev representing the daughters of Yaroslav I,
with Anna probably being the youngest. Other daughters were Anastasia wife of Andrew I of
Hungary, Elizabeth wife of Harald III of Norway, and Agatha wife of Edward the Exile.

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Issue- all children by Anna

 I. Philip I "the Amorous"- b. 23 May 1052, m. 1072 Bertha of Holland, 2. 15 May 1092 Bertrade de
Montfort, d. 29 July 1108 Meulen, bur. Monastery of St. Benoit sur Loire. King of the Franks
 12II. HUGH- b. 1053, m.c.1080 ADELE de VERMANDOIS (d.c.1122), killed Sept. 1101 during the
Crusade against the Turks
 III. Emma-
 IV. Robert- d.c.1060

Ref:

Les Rois qui ont fait la France: Hugues Capet, le Fondateur- Georges Bordenove, Marabout, Paris, 1986-
pp.265-6
La France au Moyen Âge du Ve au XVe siècle- Claude Gauvard, PUF, Paris, 1996- pp. 163-8, 531
The Origins of France: From Clovis to the Capetians 500-1000- Edward James, Macmillan, London, 1982-
pp. 182-4
Les Carolingiens: Une famille qui fit l'Europe- Pierre Riché, Hachette, Paris, 1983- pp.285ff
Histoire du Moyen Âge français: Chronologie commentée 486-1453- Laurent Theis, Perrin, Paris, 1992-
pp. 65-70
Anne de Kiev reine de France et la politique royale au Xe siècle- Robert Henri Bauthier, Revue Des Etudes
Slaves- Vol. 57, 1985

12II. HUGH (LAMBERT 1, RODBERT 2, THURINGBERT 3, RODBERT 4, ROBERT 5, ROBERT

6, ROBERT 7, HUGH 8, HUGH 9, ROBERT 10, HENRY 11)- Count of Vermandois

b. 1053
m.c.1080 ADELE de VERMANDOIS (d. 23 Sept. 1120 Vermandois), d. of Heribert IV, Count of
Vermandois and Alix de Crepy
d. 18 Oct. 1102 wounded at the battle of Heraclea during the Crusade against the Turks
bur. Cathedral of St. Paul, Tarsus

Hugh "the Great" was an ineffectual leader and soldier, great only in his boasting. Indeed, Steven
Runciman is certain that his nickname Magnus (greater or elder), applied to him by William of Tyre, is a
copyist's error, and should be Minus (younger), referring to Hugh as younger brother of the King of France.
Hugh succeeded as Comte de Vermandois et de Valois by right of his wife.

In early 1096 Hugh and Philip began discussing the First Crusade after news of the Council of Clermont
reached them in Paris. Although Philip could not participate, as he had been excommunicated, Hugh was
said to have been influenced to join the Crusade after an eclipse of the moon on February 11, 1096.

That summer Hugh's army left France for Italy, where they would cross the Adriatic Sea into territory of
the Byzantine Empire, unlike the other Crusader armies who were travelling by land. On the way, many of
the soldiers led by fellow Crusader Emicho joined Hugh's army after Emicho was defeated by the
Hungarians, whose land he had been pillaging. Hugh crossed the Adriatic from Bari in Southern Italy, but
many of his ships were destroyed in a storm off the Byzantine port of Dyrrhachium.

Hugh and most of his army was rescued and escorted to Constantinople by the Byzantine admiral Manuel
Butumites. They arrived in Constantinople in November of 1096. Prior to his arrival, Hugh sent an
arrogant, insulting letter to Eastern Roman Emperor Alexius I Comnenus, according to the Emperor's
biography by his daughter (the Alexiad), demanding that Alexius meet with him:

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"Know, O King, that I am King of Kings, and superior to all, who are under the sky. You are now permitted
to greet me, on my arrival, and to receive me with magnificence, as befits my nobility."

Alexius was already wary of the armies about to arrive, after the unruly mob led by Peter the Hermit had
passed through earlier in the year. Alexius kept Hugh in custody in a monastery until Hugh swore an oath
of vassalage to him.

After the Crusaders had successfully made their way across Seljuk territory and, in 1098, captured Antioch,
Hugh was sent back to Constantinople to appeal for reinforcements from Alexius. Alexius was
uninterested, however, and Hugh, instead of returning to Antioch to help plan the siege of Jerusalem, went
back to France. There he was scorned for not having fulfilled his vow as a Crusader to complete a
pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and Pope Paschal II threatened to excommunicate him. He joined the minor
Crusade of 1101, but was wounded in battle with the Turks in September, and died of his wounds in
October in Tarsus.

Issue-

 13I. ELIZABETH/ISABEL- b.c.1081, m.1. ROBERT de BEAUMONT (d. 5 June 1118 Preaux), 2.
WILLIAM de WARENNE, Earl of Surrey (d.c.11 May 1138, bur. Lewes Priory), d. 13 Feb. 1131
 II. Beatrice- m. Hugh de Gournay, d. after 1144
 III. Matilda- m. Ralph de Beaugency (d.c.1130)
 IV. Ralph- m.1.1125 Eleanore de Blois (divorced 1140), 2. 1140 Petronilla d'Aquitaine (dissolved
1151), 3. 1152 Laurette of Flanders, d. 14 Oct. 1152
 V. Constance- m. Godfrey de la Ferte-Gaucher
 VI. Agnes- m. Bonifacio di Saluzzo, Marchese del Vasto
 VII. Henry- Lord of Chaumont en Vexin
 VIII. Simon- d. 10 Feb. 1148 Seleukia while on the Second Crusade.
 IX. William- d. after 1096

Ref:

The Complete Peerage- St. Catherine Press, London- Vol. VI, p. 642; X, 351; XII/1, p. 496
Domesday Descendants - K.S.B. Keats-Rohan, Boydell Press, 2002- pp.493, 767
Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700- Frederick Lewis Weis,
Lines: 50-24, 50-25, 53-24, 66-25, 84-25, 88-25, 89-25, 140-24, 170-23 184-4, 215-24
Tim Powys-Lybbe's web page at: http://www.tim.ukpub.net

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