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ReligionintheColonies***

ReligionintheColonies
This article on the biography and life of Religion in the
Coloniesprovidesfactsandinformationabout:
WhoweretheReligionintheColonies?
WhatwerethetheirinvolvementincreatingtheUnited
StatesofAmerica?
Interestingfactsandfastinformationinaneasyto
readformat
TheReligionintheColoniesandReligiousbeliefs
Educationalresourceforteachers,schools,students
andkids
TheReligionintheColonies

13Colonies
Mapofthe13Colonies

ReligiousBeliefs&Religions
AmericanColoniesIndex

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Historyofthefirst13ColoniesandreligiousbeliefsintheNewWorld
ReligionintheColonies:Thereligiousbeliefsandthequestofthecolonistsforreligiousfreedom

ReligionintheColonies
ReligionintheColonieswasextremelydiverseandmanyofthereligiousgroups,suchasthePuritansandtheQuakers
established the first of the 13 colonies on the basis of their religious beliefs. The long, hazardous, 3000 mile trip from
EuropetoNorthAmericawasundertakenbymanyinasearchforreligiousfreedom.

ReligionintheColoniesTheMayflowerPilgrims
ThePuritanswhoundertookthevoyagetotheNewWorldontheMayflowerwereledbyWilliamBradford.ThesePuritans
werecalledSeparatistswhobelievedinapureChristianchurch,withnovestigeoftheCatholicreligion.Theyestablished
thePlymouthSettlementinNewEnglandwholatercametobeknownasthe"PilgrimFathers"orsimplyasthePilgrims.

ReligiousPersecutionintheColoniesthePuritansandJohnWinthrop
It must be said that religious groups, such as the Puritans, looking to escape from religious persecution in their home
countryarrivedinthecolonies and promptly established their own form of religious persecution. There was no religious
freedomintheareasinhabitedbythePuritansastheydidnottolerateanyotherformofreligion.Theirideaofreligious
freedomwasrestrictedonlytothePuritanreligion.JohnWinthrop,apowerfulPuritanleaderwasthefirstgovernorofthe
MassachusettsBayColony.HisPuritanreligiousgroupbelievedthattheywouldestablishapurechurchinNewEngland
thatwouldofferamodelforallchurches.TheCongregationalChurcheventuallygrewoutofthePuritanChurchandwas
formallyestablishedintheColonialNewEnglandcolonies,exceptforRhodeIslandwhofavoredreligioustolerance.

ReligiousPersecutionintheColoniesAnneHutchinsonandRogerWilliams
AnywhodidnotconformtothePuritanbeliefswerecalledNonconformistsorDissentersandwereseverelypunished.The
punishments imposed on the Nonconformists and Dissenters included being fined, whipped and imprisoned. In some
circumstances those who refused to adhere to the Puritan religion were banished from the colony. Roger Williams and
Anne Hutchinson were famous as early colonists from the Massachusetts Colony who was banished for their religious
beliefsandfledtotheRhodeIsland.

ReligionintheColoniesTheSalemWitchcraftTrials
The Salem Witchcraft Trials occurred in 1692 and were another example of religious fervor in the Puritan colony of
Massachusetts. The Salem Witchcraft Trials lasted for three months in which accusations of witchcraft were made
against both men and women. The Salem Witchcraft Trials resulted in 100200 arrests, 19 people were sentenced to
deathbyhanging,oneoldmanwaspressedtodeathunderheavystones,onemanwasstonedtodeathandtwodogs
wereexecutedassuspectedaccomplicesofwitches(familiars).

ReligionintheColoniesReligiousToleranceandDiversity
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ReligionintheColonies***

Eventually this type of religious persecution ended and other religions began to appear in the Puritan based colonies.
Othercolonieswereestablishedwherereligioustolerancewasexercised.ThecolonistsfromdifferentcountriesinEurope
adhered to various religions including Roman Catholic, Jewish, Lutheran, Protestant, Anglican, Quakers and
Presbyterians.Religiousdiversityhadbecomeadominantpartofreligioninthecoloniesandcoloniallife.

ReligionintheColoniesWilliamPennandtheQuakers
William Penn (16441718) was famous as a follower of the Quaker religion and the leader of the Pennsylvania Colony.
WilliamPennpromotedtheidealsofreligioustolerance.HewasextremeinhisreligiousfervorandwhilstinEnglandhe
stronglycriticisedtheChurchofEngland(Anglicans).

ReligionintheColoniesTheCatholicReligionandtheGloriousRevolution
UndertheruleofKingJamesIIofEngland(reigned168511December1688)the American colonists were under the
directcontrolofthemonarch.AsastaunchCatholic,JamesIIwasattemptingtoreplaceProtestantinstitutionswithRoman
Catholicones.ThevastmajorityofColonistswereProtestantsOnly1.6%ofthepopulationwereRomanCatholics.The
Protestants detested the Catholics and feared the bloody persecutions they had left behind in Europe. King James II
believed in 'the Divine Right of Kings' and tried to create religious liberty for English Roman Catholics and Protestant
nonconformists against the wishes of the English Parliament which led to the Glorious Revolution in which James was
replacedbyKingWilliamIIIandQueenMaryII.TheGloriousRevolutionandthesubsequentrevoltsinthecolonies were
precursorstotheAmericanRevolution.

ReligionintheColoniesTheAmericanRevolution
TheAmericanRevolutionaryWarendedtheruleoftheBritishandthereligioninthecoloniesbasedonthepractisesofthe
Church of England. A separation from the Church of England was forced because the Church of England clergy were
required to swear allegiance to the British monarch. Different denominations were therefore organized shortly after the
AmericanRevolution.Thedifferentdenominationsconsistedofvariousunifiedreligiouscongregationsandchurches.The
ReligionintheColoniesadheredtothereligiouspractisesofmanydenominations.
Definitions

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ReligionintheColoniesChartofDifferentDenominations
The religion in the Colonies encompassed the religious practises of many denominations. The differences between the
rangeofdifferenttypesof religion in the colonies leads to considerable confusion. The religion in the colonies included
Protestant,Puritan,Catholic,Anglican,Episcopalian,Congregationalists,Baptists,EvangelistsandUnitarian.Thesewere
all Christian religions based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and
emphasizingtheroleofJesusassavior.Abriefdefinitionofthedifferenttypesofreligioninthecoloniesaredetailedinthe
followingChart:

ReligionintheColoniesChart
NamesofReligion

ReligionintheColoniesChart

ReligionintheColoniesofthe:
Anglican

TheAnglicanReligionthosewithhistoricalconnectionstotheChurchof
Englandorsimilarbeliefs,butdidnotswearallegiancetotheBritishmonarch

TheRomanCatholicReligionThetraditionalChristianChurchbasedinthe
ReligionintheColoniesofthe:
VaticaninRomeandpresidedoverbyanEpiscopalhierarchywithcelibatemale
RomanCatholic
leadership,headedbythepope

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ReligionintheColoniesofthe:
Protestant

ProtestantReligionChristianchurcheswhoprotestedagainstthepractices
andbeliefsoftheRomanCatholicchurchandseparatedfromCatholicreligion

ReligionintheColoniesofthe: TheEvangelistsheldconservativetheologicalviewsbelievingintheBibleasthe
Evangelists
wordofGodandsufficientforsalvation.TheEvangelistmovementwas

characterizedbyrevivalmeetingsand
emotionalconversionrefertotheGreatAwakening

ReligionintheColoniesofthe: TheBaptistreligionEvangelicalProtestantchurchthatbelievesinthebaptism
Baptist
ofvoluntarybelievers

ReligionintheColoniesofthe:
Episcopalian

TheEpiscopalianReligionInwhichtheChurchgovernmentviewsthebishop
astheprincipalofficer

ReligionintheColoniesofthe:
Presbyterian

ThePresbyterianReligionItsorganisationisbasedongovernmentbyelders.
ThechurchadherestotheCalvinisttheologicaltraditionwithinProtestantism

ReligionintheColoniesofthe:
Unitarian

TheUnitarianReligionLiberalChristianswhoasserttheunityofGodbutreject
thedoctrineoftheTrinity.
Individualfreedomofbeliefandaunitedworldcommunity

ReligionintheColoniesofthe:
Congregationalists

TheCongregationalistsItsProtestantorganisationisbasedonthefreedomof
eachchurchtocontrolitsaffairs.TheCongregationalChurcheventuallygrew
outofthePuritanChurchandwasformallyestablishedintheNewEngland
colonies,exceptRhodeIsland

ReligionintheColoniesofthe:
Deist

DeistBelievethatGodexistsandcreatedtheuniversebutdoesnotintervene
intheworld.Anenlightenmentreligion,partlyareactionagainstCalvinismand
religioussuperstition,emphasizingreasonandmoralitybutrejecting
supernaturaleventssuchasmiracles,prophecyanddivinerevelationinholy
booksprominentinorganizedreligion

ReligionintheColoniesofthe: JewishThosewhofollowareligioncalledJudaismbasedontheTorahandthe
Judaism
Talmud

NameofReligion

ReligionintheColoniesChart

ReligionintheColoniesChart

ReligionintheColonies
ReligionintheColonies
ThedifferenttypesofReligioninthe
Colonies
FastFactsandinfoaboutReligionin
theColonies
ReligionintheColoniesisagreat
historyresourceforkids
SocialStudiesHomeworkhelpfor
kidsandchildrenReligioninthe
Colonies

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