1

Lab 2
1. (Power of Test)
Given the following test
H0 : = 100,

Ha : 6= 100

Assumptions: The random variable X is normally distributed with unknown mean

and variance 64. A sample of size 16 is to be used.
(a) Using Minitab to find and the power of test when a = 102.
i. Select Stat Power and Sample Size 1-Sample Z . . ..
ii. In the Power and Sample Size for 1-Sample Z window, type 16 in the
Sample sizes window and 2 in the Differences window. This is the
difference 0 . Be sure the Power values window is blank. Type 8 in the
Standard deviation window then click the Options . . . button. Be sure
the Not equal button is selected in the Alternative hypothesis list. Be
sure the Significance level is set to 0.05 and click OK twice. MINITAB
gives the power calculation as 0.170075.
(b) Use Minitab to find the sample size required for different power of test.
a
Power
90
92
94
96
98
102
104
106
108
110
Explain what is the relationship between the power of test and the difference
0 a

90 0.0012
92 0.0207
94 0.1492
96 0.4840
98 0.8300
102 0.8300
104 0.4840
106 0.1492
108 0.0207
110 0.0012

Power
0.9988
0.9793
0.8508
0.5160
0.1700
0.1700
0.5160
0.8508
0.9793
0.9988

(c) Compute the sample size required for different power of test, assuming a = 102
Following the Minitab procedure in part (a), with the following change: In the
Power and Sample Size for 1-Sample Z window, be sure the Power values window is not blank, but filled with desired power; leave the Sample sizes
window blank. All others are the same.
Power required sample size n
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
Power
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90

required sample size n

7
20
33
47
62
79
99
126
169
2

Explain what is the relationship between the power of test and the suggested
sample size.
(d) Using hand to compute question in part (a), the power of test against a = 102
Test Statistic:
z=

x 0

/ n

At = 0.05 Reject Region is: z < 1.96 or z > 1.96

The corresponding reject region for sample mean is
x < 100 1.96(8)/4 = 96.08 or

x > 100 + 1.96(8)/4 = 103.92.

= P (accepting the null hypothesis when it is false). Thus,

= P (96.08 < x < 103.92|a 6= 100)
Assuming a = 102. With the assumption of normal distribution of X and given
= 2 and n = 16,
= P (96.08 < x < 103.92|a = 102) = P (

96.08 102
96.08 102

)<z<
)
2/ 16
2/ 16

= P (2.96 < z < 0.96) = 0.8315 0.0015 = 0.83

Thus
power = 1 = 1 0.83 = 0.17
Hence, if a is actually 102 and we use a sample of size 16, there is only a 17%
chance that we will reject the null hypothesis that = 100.
2. (Paired t-test) A study of dementia patients in nursing homes recorded various types
of disruptive behaviors every day for 12 weeks. Days were classified as moon days if
there were in a three-day period centered at the day of the full moon. For each patient,
3

the average number of disruptive behaviors was computed for moon days and for all
other days. The data for the 15 subjects whose behaviors were classified as aggressive
are presented in Table 7.2.

(a) Is there a difference in aggressive behaviors on moon days versus other days?
Answer: Matched pairs t test. The test statistic tcalc = 6.45, p value = 0.000.
(b) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the mean difference in aggressive behaviors per day.
Answer: (1.62, 3.24).
Remark 1.1. Using Minitab
selecting Stat Basic Statistics Paired t . . .
In the Paired t (Test and Confidence Interval) window be sure the Samples
in columns button is selected. Choose right data set into the First sample
and Second sample window (Note that MINITAB subtracts the second sample
from the first sample when performing computations). Now click the Options . . .
button and be sure that Test mean is set to 0.0 and Alternative is set to greater
than. Click OK twice. MINITAB reports obtained t as T-Value = 2.93. The
p-value is given as 0.011 which is less than = 0.05 so that the null hypothesis
is rejected.
3. (webwork assignment questions)
(a) (assignment 1 problem 6) The following data represents a random sample of birth
weignts (in kgs) of male babies born to mothers on a special vitamin supplement.
4

3.73 3.02 4.37 4.09 3.73 2.47 4.33 4.13 3.39 4.47
3.68 3.22 4.68 3.43
Does the data support the claim that the mean birth weight of male babies that
have been subjected to the vitamin supplement is at least 3.39 kgs? Find the
p-value, and regulate the probability of committing Type I error to 5%.
Answer:
The p-value is: 0.979

P = ()
(b) (assignment 1 problem 3) The amount of a pesticide in water samples are known
to be normally distributed with a variance of 81mL2. A drug company wants the
width of the 79.94% confidence interval to be no longer than 3 mL. The minimum
number of water samples you must take is
Answer:
The sample size is: 59