Assertion-reason questions

Directions: Please refer to the following instructions:

A
B
C
D

Both statements are true and the 2nd statement is a correct explanation of the 1st
statement.
Both statements are true but the 2nd statement is NOT a correct explanation of
the 1st statement.
The 1st statement is false while the 2nd statement is true.
Both statements are false.

1st statement
The demand for metals is ever
increasing.

2nd statement
The world population increases
continuously.

Aircraft bodies are made of aluminium.

Aluminium has a low density.

Titanium is used in making space

shuttles.

Titanium is light and strong.

All copper exists as a free element in the

Earths crust.

Copper has been used by mankind since

ancient times.

Aluminium was used earlier than iron in

the history of mankind.

Aluminium is more abundant than iron in

the Earths crust.

Soft drink cans are usually recycled.

Recycling of metals can help to reduce

the pollution problem.

Electrolysis is used to extract sodium

from molten sodium ore.

It is very difficult to reduce sodium ore

by using other methods.

When lead is heated in the air, a white

solid is formed on cooling.

Lead (II) oxide is yellow when it is hot

and white when it is cool.

When steam is passed over calcium,

hydrogen and calcium oxide are
produced.

Calcium reacts with water readily.

10 Zinc reacts less vigorously with dilute

hydrochloric acid than iron.

Zinc is less reactive than iron.

11 Lead does not react with dilute

hydrochloric acid readily.

Lead is lower than iron in the reactivity

series.

12 When magnesium is added to dilute

sulphuric acid, hydrogen gas is evolved.

Magnesium atoms donate electrons to

hydrogen ions and thus hydrogen
molecules are formed.

13 The electrical conductivity of copper is

poorer than iron.

Copper is lower than iron in the

reactivity series.

14 Aluminium was discovered later than

copper.

Aluminium is more abundant than

copper in the Earths crust.

15 Aluminium is more ractive than calcium.

Aluminium forms positive ion more

easily than calcium.

16 Alminium can displace iron form iron

(II) nitrate solution.

Aluminium is more reative than iron.

17 When zinc is added to copper (II)

sulphate solution, the blue colour of the
solution fades.

Zinc sulphate is soluble in water.

18 When copper is placed in silver nitrate

solution, a brown deposit appears.

Silver is displaced from silver nitrate

solution by copper.

19 Lead can displace iron from iron (II)

sulphate solution.

Lead is more reactive than iron.

20 When sodium is added to zinc choride

solution, a layer of zinc would form on
the surface of sodium.

Sodium is higher than zinc in the

reactivity series.

21 Copper (II) oxide can be reduced by

heating with magnesium.

Magnesium has a higher affinity for

oxygen than copper.

22 Carbon is more commonly used to

reduce copper (II) oxide than calcium.

Carbon is cheaper than calcium.

23 Comparing to more reactive metals, it is

More reactive metals lose electrons more

more difficult to extract less reactive

metals from their ores.

readily.

24 Copper has been used by humans earlier

than iron.

Copper is more easily extracted than

iron.

25 It is impossible to find out the absolute

masses of atoms.

An atom is usually light in mass.

26 24.3 g of magnesium can form 2 moles

of magnesium ions.

A magnesium atom loses two electrons

to form a magnesium ion.

27 The mass of carbon in carbon dioxide is

half that of oxygen.

In 1 mole of carbon dioxide, there are 1

mole of carbon atoms and 2 moles of
oxygen atoms.

28 The mass of 1 mole of carbon monoxide

is the same as the mass of 1 mole of
nitrogen.

At room temperature and pressure, both

carbon monoxide and nitrogen are gases.

29 The volume of 1 mole of carbon is

different from that of 1 mole of sulphur.

1 mole of carbon contains the same

number of atoms as 1 mole of sulphur.

30 At room temperature and pressure, the

volume of 10.0 g of steam is the same as
that of 10.0 g of water.

10.0 g of steam contain the same number

of molecules as 10.0 g of water.

31 2.0 g of hydrogen react with 1.0 g of

oxygen to give 2.0 g of water.

Two moles of hydrogen react with one

mole of oxygen molecules to give two
moles of water molecules.

32 At room temperature and pressure, the

volume occupied by 1 mole of sulphur
atoms is twice that occupied by 1 mole
of oxygen atoms.

The number of atoms contained in one

mole of sulphur atoms is twice that
contained in 1 mole of oxygen atoms.

33 1 mole of aluminium atoms can form 3

moles of aluminium ions.

An aluminium atom loses three electrons

to form an aluminium ion.

34 An iron nail kept in vacuum will not rust

at all.

Rusting only occurs when both oxygen

and water are present.

35 An iron nail rusts more rapidly in sea

water than in tap water.

Ionic substances in sea water speed up

the rusting of iron.

36 Tin-plating instead of galvanization is

applied to iron food cans.

Tin is less reactive than zinc.

37 The negative terminal of a car battery

can be connected to the body of a car to
prevent corrosion.

The battery supplies electrons to the car

body to prevent it from being oxidized.

38 Iron is commonly protected from

corrosion by coating it with a layer of
calcium.

Calcium can provide sacrificial

protection to iron.

39 When an iron nail wrapped with a copper

wire is left in air for a long period of
time, the iron nail does not corrode.

Copper prevents iron from rusting by

sacrificial protection.

40 Lead can be used as a sacrificial metal to

prevent iron from rusting.

Lead is lower than iron in the reactivity

series.

41 When an iron nail wrapped with a zinc

wire is placed in a test tube containing
tap water and a few drops of indicator, a
blue colour can be observed after a few
days.

Zinc facilitates the rusting of the iron

nail.

42 Aluminium is not a reactive metal.

Aluminium is corrosion resistant.

43 When a mixture of iron(III) oxide

powder and aluminium powder is
ignited, iron and aluminium oxide form.

Aluminium is more corrosion resistant

than iron.

44 Anodization makes aluminium stronger.

Anodization of aluminium can increase

its corrosion resistance.

45 Anodization is a method used to increase

the strength of aluminium.

By anodization, a thick oxide layer is

formed on the surface of aluminium.