Q53

(a) (i) a directly proportional to

(ii) a = 12 cm,

12
0 .5

(iii) m =

(b) =

24
20

1
x

1
= 0.5, x = 2.0 cm
x
= 24 cm2

= 1.2 cm

(c) v = 12 x 1.2 = 14.4 cm s1

(d) make sure the depth of water is uniform
Q24 pg 37
(a) (i)
1st
2nd
3rd
4th

Shape of the crest is convex//diagram

The crest converge the light rays to form the bright bands //diagram
The shape of the trough is concave //diagram
The trough diverge the light rays to form a dark band //diagram

1st
2nd
3rd
4th

The wavelength does not change before and after passing through the gaps
Before the gaps, the wave frounts are straight
The wavefronts bend when passed through the gaps
The curvature of the wavefront is less when the gaps is wide and the curvature of the wavefront is more
when the gaps is narrow.
The curvature of the wavefronts increase with the decrease of the sizes of the gaps.

(ii)

5th
(iii)

Diffraction//Pembelauan
(b)
Aspect
Design of the retaining
wall
Design of the retaining
wall
Location of the new jetty
Design of retaining wall
Structure of the retaining
wall
Structure of the retaining
wall

Suggestion
Slanting barrier/condong
/diagram
Surface of the barrier is made
rough/porous/uneven
At the bay
Barrier with a small opening
surround the bay/diagram
Retaining wall is built of
strong material//concrete
Tall

Reason
Speed/amplitude/wavelength reduce when the
depth of the water is reduced
To reduce reflection of the wave
Water is calm in the bay
To diffract the wave//to spread the wave//energy
of the wave reduced
No easily corrode/break/collapse/can withstand
strong wave
To prevent overflow of water wave

25. Diagram (i) shows waves moving towards a harbour.

(i)

[2008]

(ii)

(a) (i) The spreading/bending of waves

(b) (i)
1st less diffraction/less spreading/less bending
2nd Wave energy/amplitude increases
(ii)

[1]
More damage/erosion/destroy

(c) (i)
Source that produce waves of the same frequency/wavelength and same phase/constant phase difference
(ii)
1st The ship moves up and down with higher
amplitude at location A
nd
2 Constructive interference occurs at A
3rd The ship remains calm/does not move/vibrate at B
4th Destructive interference occurs at B
(d)
Characteristics
Location of retaining wall

Suggestion
The bay//tuluk

Structure of retaining wall

Sloping

Structure of retaining wall

Height of retaining wall

Uneven surface
High

Reason
Water is calmer/wave energy decreases/wave
energy spreads out/wave amplitude is smaller
Speed/amplitude/wavelength/energy of the water
wave decreases when the depth of the water
decreases
To reduce energy/absorb energy
Protect from high wave/prevent water from
overflowing

Choice : W
Pg 48 23.
(a) (i)
Horizontal distance between two consecutive crests/troughs/compression/rarefaction/diagram
(ii)
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th

The wavelength of red light is longer/r greater/r > g

Distance is equally spcaced/same distance/x is the same
Distance between two consecutive fringes of red light is longer//xr greater/xr > xg
Fringes separation increases with the wavelength/x / x/x increases, increases
Interference

(b)
1st At night, the ground cools (quickly)/ground has low specific heat capacity/air layer near the ground
colder/diagram
2nd Cold air denser/warm air less dense/air layer near the ground denser/diagram
3rd Sound travels faster in warm air/sound slower in cold air/ decrease in cold air/diagram
4th Sound (waves) bend towards the observer/refraction occurs/sound change direction towards the ground
(c)
Aspect
Shape of the dish
Type of surface of the
dish
Size of the dish
Position of the kettle
Orientation of the dish

Suggestion
Parabolic (reflector)/
concave/curve
Shinning/smooth surface of the
reflector/mirror
Larger (diameter of the
parabolic dish)
Placed at the focal point / length
of the parabolic dish
Facing the sun

Reason
Heat/light energy will be
converged/focuseddish
Reflection will be effective/reflect more
light/good reflector
More heat/light energy will be collected/
All heat energy converge to the kettle/light
focused to the kettle
Collect more/all ligh/heat/solar energy