-.

,.\.t~

~.~

TEST CODE

FORM TP2014143

02207010

MA YIJUNE 2014

CARIBBEAN

EXAMINATIONS

COUNCIL

CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY

EXAMINATION@

BIOl,OOV ., UNIT ~

Iinp(H' 01

lluJUr gO mlnUitiJ
"'....,;<- ,.~_1,~-' .~...,.::....
~~h'-

",' '.-c5-'d-':&,-:)~.

l~ IrtrNlt i()l~ (fi:nh)

-"1~'

READ THE FOLL{HING

1
:;.~:
.[~

.i:I
,~

INSTRUCTIONS

CARE FtJLt..Y.

I,

This test consists of 45 Items. You win have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer them.

')

In addition to this test booklet; you should have an answer sheet,

'k. .

:3.

.;

Do not b@ccneerned that the answer sheet provides

items in this test.

5paCIj1~

for more answers thsn there arc

4.

Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B), (C), (D). Read each item
. you are about to answer and decide which choice is best.

5.

On your answer sheet, find the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space
having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below,
Sl)m:pJ~1.UHfl
WI1!Gi1 $( the foUOwlf1/S

is Nett a forrfl of

elH~tgy MOf'flge?

(A)

xrp

(8)
(C)

Lipid
Alcohol

(D)

L~GtiQ acid

S.ill11Pl~lAnswel'

The best answer to this item is "ATP;s ,so answer space (A) has been shaded.

6.

7.

If you want to change y~ur answer, erase it completely and fill in your new choice.

Wher you are told to

begin,

turn the page

Hod WOI'k

as quickly and as carefully as YOll

can.

If you cannot answer an item; omit it and go on to the next one. Your score will be the total
numberof correct answers.
8.

You may do any rough work in this booklet.

rF'il:
~

9.

Figures ate not necessarily drawn to scale.

t;;mt':

10:

The use of non-programmable

--=~
~
~

~XO!
~

calculators is allowed.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO.. SO.

~'.~.~-

..

'-

Copyright 201 I Caribbean Exarnlnaiions Courtcil.

Ai}

" ~ ~.. L

J-- __

.J

'.--,"~"..,..~--,..-~~~'~.".-.,.. ..

.. .,.."'"~-."

Iteml refers to the following diagram which

shows the structure of a chloroplast.

It.cm.:Lf refers to the following graph which

shows the effects of increasing light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

~.:;e2 ..~

III
~.

Rate
of

photosynthesis
1.

The photosystems are located in which of the

structures labelled I to IV?
.
(A)
(B)
(C)

(D)

I
II
III
tV

IV
Light Intilri8Uy

2,

TIH~ role of the antenna

Photosysterns I and It is to
(A)
(B)

(c
)
(D)
3.

complex

in

produce oxygen
regenerate RuB?
produce carbohydrates
collect light energy

Which of the following occur in the Calvin

cycle?

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

4.

Fixation of carbon dioxide and

production of ATP
Fixation of carbon dioxide and
regeneration of RuBP
Oxidation
of NADPH
and
production of ATP
Re d u c t i c n of NADP and

regeneration

ofRuBP

At which of the stages labelled 1,II, III and

IV would light be a limiting factor?
(A)

(13)
(C)
(D)

5.

I
II
III

IV

Mitochondria in muscle have more cristae

than mitochondria in skin cells. What is the
significance of this?
(A)

Increased

(8)

production
Steeper hydrogen ion concentration
gradient in-the mitochondria

absorption

(C)
(D)

surface

area

for

of pyruvate for ATP

Increased surface area for Kreb's

cycle reactions
More Al'Pease for ATP production

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02207010/CAPE

2014

>

-3-

Items 6-7 refer to the following diagram which shows an outline of glycolysis.
Glucose
Stage 1

Stage 2
Triose 3,..phosphate
Stage 3

Pyruvate
Stage 4

Acetyl coenzyme A

6.

7.

Which of the following is the name of Substance X?

(A)
(B)
(C)

ATP
ADP
NAD

(D)

NADH

Which of the following correctly identifies the location of Stage 4 in a eukaryotic cell?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

Cytoplasm
Cristae of mitochondrion
Matrix of mitochondrion
Inter-membranal space of mitochondrion

,......ro.

I'""\').T

,...,.....(""'\.::-:T11.'

"'Tr.V~

nA

nc

Items 8-9 refer to the following diagram which shows a simple respirometer.

Q,~l... ~

emF =0..
II fJ;5QJ~g:\ [[5::=:
X

Syringe

JPnr"mndrop

Glass
tubing

8.

Germinating
beans

9.

The chemical at X is MOST likely

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

sodium chloride
sodium carbonate .
potassium hydroxide
potassium carbonate

Which two of the following MOST likely

explain the movement of the paraffin drop
towards the syringe?

I.
II.
Ill.

IV.

Oxygen
Carbon
Oxygen
Carbon

is used by the beans.

dioxide is absorbed by X.
is absorbed by X.
dioxide is absorbed by the

beans.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

I and II
I and Ill
II and IV
III and IV

Item 10 refers to the following diagram of energy flow in a food chain.

1 X 10' kJ
solar energy

...

Autotrophs

1000

kl
;"

Herbivore

9000 kJ
\'1

I
10.

200 kJ ...
".

800 kJ
\It

40 kJ ....
",.

Secondary
carnivore

160 kJ
\11

Energy lost as heat, water products and uneaten parts

Which of the following would represent the total amount

(A)

Primary
carnivore

of energy acquired by the producer?

10 kJ

(8)

1 000 kJ

(C)
(D)

10000 kJ
100000 kJ

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02207010/CAPE 2014

'-

~5 ~

it.

The way in which the specific environment

is exploited by an organlsrn is HI) appropriate

definition

for
(A)
(El)
(C)
(D)

11

habltut

sn eccsystem
a trophic level

an eoologlcel niche

[tem 12 refers to the following information.

Ticks are parasites of cows. A single cow can be parasitized by several thousand ticks.

A possible food chain involving ticks is as follows.

[.0;;;]
12.

. Which of the following would represent a pyramid

(A)

~
.

(B)

---

..

9'
s,.
-"
g
.

. ..

-.

. -"" . -'-

..

~..

.. - .

_.

."

,.'

.'

-'''' .....

,'."'

. -".

..

"' ..

-~

,- , -.'

...

'

. ~.- ,.

'

..,'

'".

(D)

based on the above food chain?

".'

..'

(C)

of numbers

.....

...

. -,

'

_.

"

..

16.

Item 13 refers to-the following diagram

which shows part of the nitrogen cycle.

Nitrogen gas in
3~

the atmosphere

--l.....

/
Nitrate

Protein in
plants

iuns..

Nitrite
ions'

Which of the following substances are correetly paired for the cells given in the table?

r.

Subedn

II.
III.

Cellulose

IV.

Pectin

Lignin

..

.-

~.

Protein in
dead plants

Endodermls

(B)

Guard- cells

(C) __ Xylem

13.

(D)

Which of the following shows the types of

bacteria that are involved in Steps 1, 2 and
3?

17.
Nitrogen-fixing
Bacteria
(A)

...

-.-

(B)

(C)

-,-.- ..

(D)

14.

1_.

--

...

_-

.'-

:3

2
1
-

..

Which of the following does NOT explain

how deforestation might increase the fisk
of flooding?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

15.

Phloem

._---

-.

1-- and II
I and IV
".",'

III and IV

In a study of water movement

in plants,

The

rate of movement of the dye up the stem

is NOT increased by
.-,- ..

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

humidity
wind speed

temperature
darkness

The water cycle is disrupted.

Tree roots bind soil particles
together.
Tree canopies prevent rain beating
down on the soil.
Soil nutrients are lost through
leaching and run-off water.

Which of the following

is NOT a
conservation
method used to maintain
biodiversity?
(A)
(B) -

Sperm bank
Botanic garden

(C)

Protected reserve

(D)

Genetic engineering

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02207010/CAPE

2014

...

II and III

the cut end of a leafy shoot is placed in a

dilute solution of a dye. After a few hours,
deposits of the dye accumulate in the leaves.

Nitrifying
Bacteria

Denitrifying
Bacteria

--

-".

(A)

-7 lt~ms 21:--22 refer to the following graph

which shows blood pressure changes in the
heart during the cardiac cycle.

Items 18-19 refer to the following diagram

which shows a representation of an electron
micrograph of a transverse section of two
cells in the phloem tissue of the stem of a
plant.

16
Blood
pressure
(kPa)

~Ill~.- - - -

14

12

r -

10
8
6
4

'j::-

o2~ ~''h"'
I
o
~Nucleus

18.

The cell
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

19.

21.

II

fibre cell
companion cell
parenchyma cell
sieve tube element

22.

(D)

20.

It is very active metabolically.

The walls are impregnated with
lignin.
The end walls are perforated by
plasmodesmata.
It has an exceptionally high density
of mitochondria.

Which ofthe following processes faei litates

the loading of sugar into phloem vessels?
(A)
(8)
(C)
(D)

0.1 0.20.30.4

~r''''
.' " ..
.........
O.S0.6 0.7 0.8 0:9
Time (5)

The atrioventricular
(A)

(8)

II

(C)
(D)

III
IV

valves open at

Osmosis
Endocytosis
Active transport
Facilitated diffusion

At which of the following stages are the

heart sounds, 'Iub' and 'dub' produced?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

23.

(C)

""'.~

labelled I is a

Which ofthe following isNOT an indication

of how Cell II is specially adapted to its
function?
(A)
(B)

Key
Left ventricle

Left atrium
- - Aorta
--

I and II
I and III
II and III
II and IV

Which of the following structures must be

stimulated to increase heart rate?
(A)
(8)
(C)
(D)

Vena cava
Sinoatrial node
Cardiac muscle
Atrioventricular node

Item 24 refers to the following graph which

shows the oxygen dissociation
curves
of haemoglobin at three different partial
pressures of carbon dioxide.

25.

(A)
(B)

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (mm Hg)

----------~~----------- --

.S 100

15

..c

Which of the following

positive feedback?

(C)

'\

(D)

~
~
(II

is an example of

Temperature regulation
Blood glucose regulation
Generation of an action potential
Regulation of water levels in the
body by ADH

80

..c:l

.....

26.

1:1

-3

i
I>l

iI>
I)!)

60

When a decrease in normal blood glucose

concentration is detected, Hormone X is
secreted. What is Hormone Xand precisely
where is it produced?

40

Hormone

~
~

Il-I

20

20

40

60

80

100

Partial pressure of oxygen (mm Hg)

24.

Location
Produced

(A)

Insulin

a cells in pancreas

(B)

Insulin

P cells

(C)

Glucagon

a cells in pancreas

(D)

Glucagon

~ cells in pancreas

in pancreas

From the graph, it can be deduced that

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

at high partial pressures of carbon

dioxide, the rate of release of
oxygen
from haemoglobin
increases
at low partial pressures of carbon
dioxide, the rate of release of
oxygen
from haemoglobin
increases
at low partial pressures of oxygen,
the rate of release of oxygen
from haemoglobin decreases
at high partial pressures of oxygen,
the rate of release of oxygen
from haemoglobin increases

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

022070 IO/CAPE 2014

-9 Item 27 refers to the following diagram of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule of a nephron.

x
--~

27.

If the diameter of the blood vessel is made smaller at X, a possible outcome is that
(A)
(B)

the rate of ultrafiltration will be increased

the rate of ultrafiltration will be decreased

(C)

water re-sbaorption will be decreased

the rate of urine production will be reduced

(D)

!.tew 29. refers to the following

photcm lcrograph of 11 human blood smear
showing erythrocytes and leucocytes.

Jtern28 refers to the following graph which

shows the sodium ion concentration as 'fluid
passes along the kidney tubule.
'tl

~
...~ ~
... ~

ta ~

o ""

~ ~~

'a ~
~

~n~I~rL

~~
0 .

~ .9

OLI

Region of tubule

28.

The region of the descending loop of Henle

29.

The blood cell labelled X is

is
(A)
(13)
(C)
(D)

erythrocyte
granulocyte
a lymphocyte
11 rncnocyte

(A)

all

I
II

(8)

fl.

1Il
IV

(D)

(C)

n(l

(11-..1'T(I

'TUp 1-..ICV'T

PA nc

Item 30 refers to ,the following diagram which shows a synapse,

movement of substances across the neurone membranes,

The numbered arrows represent

'(

,rr.",ynaPHC
"7","='

XX"

neurone

Direction of transmission of action potential

30.

Which of the following correctly identifies the substances moving across the membranes at points
1,2,3 and 4?
1

(A),

K+-

Cn2+

",(8) "

K+

Na+
K+
Ca2+

3
Cah

...

(C) Na+

(D) Na+

_ ..

- ..
.

---

CaH
Acetylcholine
Na+

,Acetyloholin,e,
Ca2+

Acetylcholine

Item 31 refers to the following

table
which shows the number of cases of
dengue haemcrrhagic fever (per 100 000
inhabitants) reported in the Americas
200 I and 2002.

4
Na+

for

32.

Which of the following

antigens?
(A)
(8)

2001
5 000
31.

2002
lS 000

Which of the following represents the

incidence rate for the period 200 1 to 2002?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)'

(C)
(D)

BEST describes

CelI surface proteins that trigger an

immune response
Proteins in the cytoplasm
that
trigger an immune response
Substances produced by pathogens
that trigger an immune response
Substances produced by the .body
in response to an infection

0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02207010/CAPE

2014

- 11 33.

A highly
ultraviolet
(A)
(B)

(C)
(D)

34.

linked

to

38.

sarcoma
melanoma
lymphoma
papilloma

(C)
(D)

39.

bone marrow
lymph nodes
spleen
thymus

(A)

Oestrogen

(8)
(C)

Progesterone
Follicle-stimulating

(D)

Humanchorionic gonadotropin

The monomers that make up the heavy and

light chains of an antibody molecule arejoined
by
(A)

(8)
(C)
(D)

peptide bonds
hydrogen bonds
glycosidic bonds
disulphide bonds

Which of the following

response of the immune
invading pathogen?
(A)
(8)
(C)
(D)

Cerebral
describes

(A)

40.

36.

The presence of a hormone is used as the

basis for a pregnancy test. Which of the
following hormones is present in the urine
of a pregnant woman?

(C)

hypertension

(D)

coronary heart disease

Which of the following

benefit of exercise?

(8)
(C)
(D)
is a possible
system to an

T-Iymphocytes produce antibodies.

B-Iymphocytes produce antigens.
T-lymphocytes become activated.
B-Iymphocytes
phagocytose the
pathogen.

Passive artificial immunity is effective but

only for a short time. Which ofthe following
is the BEST explanation for this?
(A)
(8)
(C)
(D)

Antigens are rapidly destroyed.

Antibodies
are rapidly broken
down.
Phagocytes have a short life span.
Memory cells have a short life
span.

MOST

stroke
angina

(A)

41.

haemorrhage

(8)

likely

is NOT a health

Enhanced utilization of fat

Speeding up of atherosclerosis
Improved resistance to infection
Reduced risk of coronary heart
diseases

One per cent of the human population

not susceptible to HIY. This is due to
(A)
(8)
(C)

37.

hormone

T-lymphocytes mature in the

(A)
(8)

35.

malignant tumour
radiation is a

(D)

is

phagocytosis
of the v irus by
macrophages .
the development
of .antibo dies
against the virus
a mutation preventing binding of
HIV to T~cells
a mutation preventing binding of
HIV to B-cells

IJ
"

, s,

~2.

Whichofthe following BEST describes the

disease atherosclerosis?

(A)
(8)
(C)

(D)

43.

Extensive damage to the endothelial

lining of the arteries
Formation of large blood clots in
arteries
Build-up of plaque in the walls of
arteries
Calcification ofthe walls of arteries

The progressive decrease in response to

a drug as the human body adapts to its
presence is called
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

44.

Which of the following is likely to be the

MOST effective in preventing a person from
becoming infected with.the dengue virus?
(A)

(8)
(C)
(D)

45.

Which two stages of alcoholic liver disease

are reversible?
(A)

craving
adaptation
tolerance
dependence

A poster describing the life cycle

of the dengue virus
Ensuring that all water storage
drums are securely covered
Introducing fish into garden ponds
Regular personal
use of insect
repellents

(8)
(C)

(D)

Liver becomes swollen and fatty;

and liver cirrhosis.
Liver becomes swollen and fatty,
and inflammation of the liver.
Liver cells are replaced by fibrous
scar tissue, and inflammation of
the liver.
Liver cells are replaced by fibrous
scar tissue, and liver becomes
swollen and fatty.

END OF TEST

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.

0220701 O/CAPE 2014

>.

\,
,,'