Subject index

afflux 5986, 88
Afflux Estimation System (AES) 6, 89, 12,
14, 8892, 171, 1869, 266, 2756, 280
examples 156, 22143
governing equations 14657, 299300
methods 14061
software 17881
software architecture 27682
backwater 7, 367, 423 1389, 1414,
149, 150, 155, 15860, 1845, 1889,
21821, 221, 227, 233, 279
backwater module (BM) 6, 7, 69, 170,
1757, 179, 181, 279
bankfull flow 27, 29, 601, 656, 124, 127,
128, 131, 143, 186, 1902, 198, 203,
249, 250
blockage 235, 2636, 291
boundary layers 37, 81, 934
boundary shear stress 33, 38, 51, 1135,
123, 1345, 262
boundary shear stress distributions 7, 378,
526, 60, 97, 258, 276, 288
braided channels 103, 1289
bridges 3, 13, 414, 6977
afflux 6970
eccentricity, e 812
flow modes 1413
governing equations 14657, 299300
opening ratio, M 7981
opening types 147
skewness, 824
transition lengths 1515
transition losses 1557
calibration 26, 445, 47, 523, 123, 156,
165, 169, 172, 186, 1889, 2735
CAPM 243, 290
Chezy equation 31, 1056, 1112, 115,
258, 289
CIRIA 143, 147, 15860, 234, 266, 291

CIWEM 72, 85
climate change 28, 87, 166, 201, 293
COHerence Method (COHM) 60, 124, 262
coherent structures 97100, 122
Colebrook White equation 31, 32, 107,
1159, 138, 2146
compound channels 9, 10, 27, 69, 72, 85,
89, 97, 1012, 111
controls 42
conveyance 35, 110
Conveyance Estimation System (CES)
11033, 16981
governing equations 113, 12930, 2957
hydrostatic pressure term 114
boundary friction 1149
conversion of n to ks 116
conversion of ks to f 119
parameter, f 467, 524, 56, 67, 1145,
131, 275
parameter, 467, 524, 11920, 131,
186, 275
parameter,  467, 49, 524, 1224,
128, 131, 186, 275
software 169181
software architecture 27682
Conveyance Generator (CG) 6, 170, 175
critical depth, hc 17, 19, 22, 36
culverts 66, 779
blockages 86, 263
energy losses 157
flow modes 1445
governing equations 14657, 299300
Darcy-Weisbach equation 31, 115, 117
data 44, 8792, 3014
and websites www.flowdata.bham.ac.uk,
www.river-conveyance.net
Defra/EA 6, 112, 14, 29, 71, 10810, 113,
116, 122, 1279, 162, 185, 244, 245,
247, 258, 290

336 Subject index

depth-averaged velocity 39, 41, 468, 112,
130, 135
depth-averaged eddy viscosity, yx 46
dimensionless eddy viscosity, 46, 48,
11920, 131
Divided Channel Method (DCM) 60, 67,
110, 146, 148, 262, 291
EA 4, 190
ecological issues 2558
eddy viscosity, 46
energy 15, 202, 335
energy correction coefcient, a 3940,
1345
Environment Agency (EA) 46, 9, 112,
164, 183, 190, 243, 265
FEH 45
FHWA 70, 1434, 158, 160
floodplains 10, 27, 60, 66, 72, 88, 1012,
1289
floods 15, 28, 60, 8991, 283
FLOODSITE 87, 89
Flood Channel Facility (FCF) 9, 10, 44, 87,
112, 116, 121, 123, 127, 211, 275, 289
Flood Estimation Handbook (FEH) 45
flow structures 29, 378, 59, 93105
FORESIGHT 87, 89
friction factor, f 313, 46, 60, 67, 276, 287
global 60, 67, 276
local 60, 67, 1145, 275
zonal 60, 67, 276
Froude Number (Fr) 17, 19, 35, 134, 154,
200
geomorphological issues 25863
governing equations: CES 113, 12930,
2957: AES 14657, 299300
Gradually Varied Flow (GVF) 357, 268
HEC-RAS 112, 14752, 267
hydraulic jump 205, 75, 141, 144, 153
ICE 11
inbank flow 378, 47, 579, 60, 65,
103, 120, 122, 123, 127, 18990,
245, 261
insurance 168, 1845
IPCC 166
ISIS 9, 1123, 161, 171, 185,
2303, 267
ISO 689
isovels 38
lateral momentum transfer 29, 102, 103

main channel 27, 60, 667, 95105

Manning equation 9, 16, 20, 24, 1123,
115, 135, 2445
Mannings n 16, 19, 32, 579, 623, 66,
1056, 117, 134, 188, 195, 199200,
2023, 205, 2158, 2223, 229, 233,
241, 2449, 288, 291
meandering channels 9, 11, 30, 45, 60,
96103, 111, 122, 1248, 175, 186, 206
modelling 6, 9, 15, 249, 37, 42, 44, 45,
47, 57, 65, 69, 86, 1123, 1289, 161,
164, 171, 175, 1845, 26675, 2845,
287, 291, 293
momentum 15, 201, 235, 33, 39, 40, 41,
70, 82, 856, 98103, 105, 111, 134,
2678, 270, 272
momentum function 234
momentum correction coefcient, 21, 39,
40, 134
Moody diagram 312, 107
National Rivers Authority (NRA) 10, 12
natural channels 8, 41, 467, 5760,
1179, 121, 1235, 258
Navier-Stokes equations 19, 45, 96, 1123,
2846
Nikuradse roughness size, ks 31, 39, 106,
116, 119
non-prismatic channels 29, 36, 102
normal depth, hn 169, 36, 69, 81, 13840,
141, 144, 152, 155, 218
overbank flow 26, 378, 456, 5968, 82,
87, 97, 103, 1234, 1278, 190, 211,
2613, 273, 275, 284, 2879
PHABSIM 256, 258
power 22, 23
Prandtls logarithmic velocity laws 31,
389, 114
prismatic channels 24, 267, 33, 36, 40, 45,
60, 82, 85, 1223, 258, 2689
RANS equations 45, 1123, 130, 2712,
2856
rating curves 7, 34, 148, 1578, 224, 229,
243, 288, 291, 292, 293
rectangular channels 1924, 479, 504
ReFEH 45
research ideas 28993
resistance laws 2933, 1057
Chezy equation 31, 106
Colebrook-White equation 31, 107, 115
Darcy-Weisbach equation 31, 106, 115
Manning equation 16, 31, 106

Subject index 337

Reynolds Number (Re) 7, 312, 115,
134, 201
RHABSIM 256
rivers: Avon, UK 42, 138
Avon, Enford, UK 244, 24951
Blackwater, Hampshire, UK 30, 1779
Cole, Birmingham, UK 244, 2449
Colorado, La Pampas, Argentina 1925
Hooke, Maiden Newton, UK 244, 2524
Irwell, Salford, UK 22733
Main, County Antrim, UK 27, 603, 68,
146, 1757, 195201, 21821, 233
Ngunguru, New Zealand 579
Pea Creek, Alabama, USA 2216
Penk, Penkrige, UK 1867
Severn, UK 2, 4, 27, 28, 649, 138,
2015
Suela, Cordoba, Argentina 20513
Tomebamba, Ecuador 21318
Trent, Yoxall, Staffordshire, UK 18991
Waiwakaiho, New Zealand 2138
River Habitat Survey (RHS) 6, 109, 174,
195, 290
roughness 15, 29, 935, 105, 183, 214
roughness & resistance 15, 26, 2933,
10510, 200, 205, 214, 217
roughness values 16, 19, 20, 32, 53, 56,
589, 63, 658, 108, 1189, 120,
1714, 187, 190, 192, 1956, 200,
202, 2056, 208, 2147, 221, 229,
233, 2457, 250, 253
unit roughness 6, 62, 68, 10510, 1168,
167, 1714, 187, 190, 192, 1956,
202, 2056, 208, 2156, 221, 229,
233, 245, 246, 250, 253
Roughness Advisor (RA) 67, 12, 29,
10510, 121, 1704, 184, 2768, 284,
290
rounding 801, 84
schematization 269
secondary flows 389, 456, 556, 957,
1228
secondary flow term,  467, 534, 1224,
128, 131, 186
shear velocity 7, 323, 39, 46, 1145,
1345, 2612, 292
Shiono & Knight Method, (SKM) 8, 456,
47, 49, 546, 112, 113
basic equations 457, 113
examples 507, 589, 613, 678
parameter, f 467, 524, 56, 67, 1145,
131, 275

parameter, 467, 524, 11920, 131,

186, 275
parameter,  467, 49, 524, 1224,
128, 131, 186, 275
Single Channel Method (SCM) 16, 51,
60, 110
slopes 33
bed slope 16, 335, 114, 184
energy slope 335, 110
friction slope 335, 110
water surface 335, 110, 184
specic energy 15, 201, 223, 34, 756
Stage-discharge relationships 9, 579, 612,
68, 175, 183, 186, 189221, 247, 2603,
269, 2889
trapezoidal channels 11, 168, 27, 38, 40,
47, 50, 547, 85, 116
trash screens 2636
turbulence 9, 44, 67, 93, 105, 107, 1134,
119, 122, 201, 2713, 275, 2856
types of model 26673
uncertainty 63, 1619, 275, 290
within CES 1669, 170, 189
representation 176, 183
Uncertainty Estimator (UE) 67, 63, 276,
284, 289
unit roughness 6, 62, 68, 10510, 1168,
167, 1714, 187, 190, 192, 1956, 202,
2056, 208, 2156, 221, 229, 233, 245,
246, 250, 253
USBPR 701, 74, 1502
USGS 70, 82, 84, 85, 8892, 2216
velocity 17, 31, 34, 3741, 456, 134,
139, 177
velocity distributions, lateral 6, 26, 29,
378, 459, 55, 61, 67, 95, 177,
189221, 248, 2534
velocity distributions over a vertical 379,
945
vorticity 29, 46, 93105
planform 46, 97100, 275
streamwise 46, 96, 103
Water Framework Directive (WFD) 5, 256,
283
worked examples 167, 19, 20, 22, 50,
524, 189, 192, 195, 201, 205, 213, 218,
221, 227, 233, 235, 244, 249, 252