Conveyor Belt Equations

Conveyor belt equations
15/09/2014
TECHNICAL / EQUATIONS
Please scroll for equations keywords
Please scroll for keywords

(This chapter is still being improved. Sorry for inconveniences.)
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
The modulus of elasticity is calculated by dividing the stress by the strain:
where
M is the modulus of elasticity (ISO 9856)

F is the force (N)
elast is
the elastic elongation at the end of the specified number of cycles in N/mm
In other words: The higher the modulus the lower the elastic elongation per unit stress. See definition here
top
TENSION FORCE
The modulus of elasticity of a material can be used to calculate the tension force it exerts under a specific extension:
where
T is the tension force

is the modulus of elasticity
A is the cross-sectional area
x is the extension
l is the length (m)
top
MINIMUM PERIPHERAL FORCE

The minimum belt tensions for transmitting the pulley peripheral forces are calculated as follows:
where
FU
Minimum peripheral force,
Coefficient C,
artificial friction coefficient,
conveyor length (m),
acceleration (m/s),
qRo
mass of revolving idler parts of top strand (kg/m),
qRu
mass of revolving idler parts of bottom strand (kg/m),
qB
mass of the belt on top strand (kg/m),
qG
mass of the belt in bottom strand (kg/m),
lift of the conveyor between discharge and loading area (m),
FS1
special main resistances,
FS2
special secondary resistances.

top
TAKE-UP LENGTH
http://www.conveyorbeltguide.com/Equations.html
1/6
where
15/09/2014
SSp is take-up length (m)

L is centre distance (m)
is belt elongation, elastic and permanent (%)
As a rough guideline, use 1,5% elongation for textile belts and 0,25% for steel cord conveyor belts.
Note: For long-distance conveyors, dynamic start-up calculations may be required, because not all elements are set in motion
simultaneously, due to the elastic properties of the conveyor belt.
top
COEFFICIENT C
The coefficient C is a function of the length of the installation.

The total resistances without slope and special resistances are divided by the main resistances.
top
ARRHENIUS EQUATION
where
k is the temperature dependence of the rate constant (of a chemical reaction)

EA is the activation energy
T is the temperature
R is the gas constant
A is the prefactor (frequency factor)
The Arrhenius equation describes the quantitative relation between reaction velocity and temperature (as you know, the speed of
chemical reactions increase with rising temperature).
top
STRESS IN RUBBER
where
is the stress
v is the period of strain oscillation

is the phase lag between stress and strain
top
STRAIN IN RUBBER
where
is the strain
is the period of strain oscillation
t is time
top
STORAGE MODULUS
where
E' is the storage modulus

is the stress
is the strain
is the phase lag between stress and strain
top
2/6
15/09/2014
INTERNAL FRICTION
where
tan is the internal friction of a rubber

E' is the storage modulus (N/mm)
E'' is the loss modulus (N/mm)
The tan d is sometimes used to determine the indentation loss of a conveyor belt cover (cf. Energy Saving Belts). E' and E'' should
be as low as possible. However, there are a number of misconceptions related to specifiying E' and E''.
top
LENGTH RELATED MASS FLOW (m/h)
where
is the belt velocity (m/s),
lvth
is the theoretical volume flow (m/h),

is the bulk density of the conveyed material (t/m),
St
is the coefficient for determination of the volume flow.

top
BRAKING FACTOR
where
B0
ges
is the braking factor related to the rated torque of all drive motors,
is the overall efficiency of all transmission elements between motor and pulley shaft,
PMerf is the total capacity of the drive motors required in a steady operating state,
PMinst is the total installed capacity of the drive motors (N).
top
MINIMUM BELT TENSION FOR BELT SAG LIMITATION (top side, loaded)
where
g is gravity (9,81 m/s)

m'Li is the mass of the conveyed material, uniformly distributed across a section of the conveyor (kg/m)
m'G is the length related mass of the conveyor belt (kg/m)
IRo is the idler spacing in top run (m)
hrel is the maximum belt sag related to the spacing between the carry idlers (%)
top
MINIMUM BELT TENSION FOR BELT SAG LIMITATION (bottom side, unloaded)
where
is the gravity (9,81 m/s)
m'G
is the length related mass of the conveyor belt (kg/m)
IRu
is the idler spacing in bottom run (m)
hrel
is the maximum belt sag related to the spcing between the carry idlers (%)
top
PRIMARY RESISTANCES IN AN EVENLY TILTED CONVEYOR
where
f is the friction factor in top and bottom run

L is the conveyor length (m)
3/6
15/09/2014
g is the gravity acceleration (m/s)

m'R is the mass of the idlers (kg/m)
m'L is the mass of the conveyor belt with an evenly distributed load (kg/m)
is the even inclination of the conveyor ()
top
MAXWELL MODEL
where
is strain
is stress
top
VOIGT MODEL
where
is dynamic viscosity
is total stress
is total deformation
D is shear rate
G is shear modulus
Used to express the relaxation behavior of polymers.

top
ROLLING RESISTANCE
where
F is resistance force
Crr is the dimensionless rolling resistance coefficient
Nf is the normal force
or
where
E' is the storage modulus (N/mm)

tan is the internal friction
top
MINIMUM TRANSITION LENGTH (m)
where
B is belt width (mm)

is troughing angle ()
S is the safety factor
KG is the belt parameter
Kf1 is the troughing parameter
top
PERIPHERAL FORCE (N)
where
FH is the main resistance

FN is the secondary resistance
FS1 are the special main resistances
FS2 are the special secondary resistances
FSt are the resistances due to slope
4/6
where
15/09/2014
PTr is the drive power (pulley)

v is speed (m/s)
where
C is the coefficient (main resistance factor)

f is the resistance coefficient
L is belt length (m)
g is acceleration (m/s)
qRO is the mass of the idlers on top side (kg/m)
qRU is the mass of the idlers on bottom side (kg/m)
qB is the belt mass (kg/m)
qG is the mass of the conveyed material (kg/m)
H is the lift (m)
FS1 are the special main resistances
FS2 are the special secondary resistances
top
SLOPE RESISTANCE
where
qG is the conveying mass (kg/m)

H is the lift (m)
top
TRANSITION CURVES (m)
where
m'G is the length related mass of the conveyor belt (kg/m)

b is width (mm)
is troughing angle
l is idler length (mm)
B is belt width (mm)
Tx is drive traction
top
ELASTIC ELONGATION (ISO 9856)
where
le is the elastic elongation (mm),

Io is the initial length of the test piece(mm).
top
PERMANENT (PLASTIC) ELONGATION (ISO 9856)
where
lp is the permanent elongation (mm),

Io is the initial length of the test piece (mm).
5/6
15/09/2014
For the drawing:
FU is 10% force of the belt breaking strength multiplied by the test piece width (N),
FL is 2% force of the belt breaking strength multiplied by the test piece width (N),
F is the test force range.
top
YOUNG'S MODULUS
where
L is the amount by which the length changes (mm)

F is the force
Ao is the original cross-sectional area
Lo is the original length (mm)
top
DRIVE POWER
where
F are the resistances to motion

v is belt speed
top
RESISTANCES TO MOTION
where
FH are the primary resistances (idlers, belt indentation, etc.)

FN are the secondary resistances (feeding, scrapers etc.)
FS are extraordinary resistances
FSt are gradient resistances
top
DOWNHILL FORCE
where
FGH is the downhill force

FG is the weight force
Gravity acts straight down (= the weight of the conveyor belt) and the support force acts away from the conveyor. Since the conveyor
is sloped, there is a net force acting down the slope.
See also Clamping Force
top
EYTELWEIN'S FORMULA
where
e is 2,7183
top
ROOT MEAN SQUARE
top
Home | First Aid | Disclaimer | Contact | 2005 www.ConveyorBeltGuide.com
6/6

Conveyor Belt Equations

Încărcat de

Informații document

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Conveyor Belt Equations

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Conveyor belt equations

Please scroll for keywords

M is the modulus of elasticity (ISO 9856)

T is the tension force

MINIMUM PERIPHERAL FORCE

Minimum peripheral force,

artificial friction coefficient,

conveyor length (m),

mass of revolving idler parts of top strand (kg/m),

mass of revolving idler parts of bottom strand (kg/m),

mass of the belt on top strand (kg/m),

mass of the belt in bottom strand (kg/m),

lift of the conveyor between discharge and loading area (m),

special main resistances,

special secondary resistances.