Extension and Advisory Team

Orchard Management
Schedule
A guide to insect, mite and disease
management in apple and pear
orchards in Nova Scotia

2013/2014

Editor and Production

Bill Craig, Horticulturist,
Perennia, 32 Main Street,
Kentville, NS, B4N 1J5
Reviewers
Peter Burgess,
Perennia, 199 Innovation Drive, Innovation Park
Truro NS, B2N 6Z4
Chris Duyvelshoff, Horticulturist,
Perennia, 32 Main Street,
Kentville, NS, B4N 1J5
Helen Arenburg
Perennia, 32 Main Street,
Kentville, NS, B4N 1J5

Sources of Information on Pesticides

Information Service of the Pest Management Regulatory Agency
Phone: 1-800-267-6315
Web Site: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/index-eng.php
Pest Management Regulatory Agency Electronic Labels: Search Tool
Web Site: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/registrant-titulaire/tools-outils/label-etiq-eng.php
National Pesticide Information Centre
Web Site: http://npic.orst.edu/
Chemfinder Webserver
Web Site: http://chembiofinderbeta.cambridgesoft.com/
Environmental Emergencies
Pesticide and Chemical spills
Phone: 1-800-565-1633
Organic Agriculture Centre of Canada
Web Site: http://www.organicagcentre.ca/

Emergency and First Aid Procedure for Pesticide Poisoning

Become familiar with the chemicals you are using. Keep a list of common and active
ingredient names in case of accidents or emergencies. This information can be found on
product labels and cross-referenced in this publication.

If a pesticide has come in contact with the skin or has been spilled on clothing, remove
the clothing and wash the skin thoroughly with soap and warm water.

If poisoning from exposure to a pesticide by swallowing, inhalation or contact with skin

or eyes, is suspected read the label of the pesticide container if available and carry out
first aid treatment as suggested.

Immediately after first aid treatment has been given, wrap the patient in a coat or blanket
and rush him/her to the nearest hospital. Take the list of chemical common names with
you and identify the one being used.

If a person is unconscious or lapses into unconsciousness, call 911 immediately.

Emergency advice on pesticide poisoning is available from the Poison Information

Centre, Halifax, NS. Phone: 1-800-565-8161 (NS & PEI).

Table of Contents
Toxicity Table and Pesticide Formulation Abbreviations .............................
Problem Codes............................................................................................
Overview of Apple Orchard Management Schedule....................................
Overview of Pear Orchard Management Schedule......................................
Pesticides Listed in this Schedule................................................................
Apple Orchard Management Schedule .......................................................
Green Tip .........................................................................................
15 mm Green to Tight Cluster...........................................................
Bud Separation..................................................................................
Pink....................................................................................................
Bloom.................................................................................................
Calyx .................................................................................................
First Cover.........................................................................................
Second Cover...................................................................................
Codling Moth Decision Table..............................................................
Third Cover........................................................................................
Fourth Cover ......................................................................................
August to November ..........................................................................
Pear Orchard Management Schedule ..........................................................
Dormant to Scale Separation..............................................................
Blossom Bud Exposed to Bloom.
Calyx.
First Cover to Cover Sprays..............................................................

5
6
7
9
10
14
14
14
15
17
18
19
21
22
22
23
24
25
26
26
27
28
29

Toxicity Table
LD50 (mg/kg)

Hazard Rating

Relative Toxicity Rating

Above 500

Very Low Hazard

101-500

Low Hazard

21-100

Moderate Hazard

11-20

Very High Hazard

10 and less

Extremely Hazardous

Pesticide Formulation Abbreviations

DF

dry flowable

SG

soluble granules

DP

dispersible powder

SN

solution

DU

dust

SP

soluble powder

EC

emulsifiable concentrate

SU

suspension

F or FLO

flowable solution

SURF

surfactant

GR or G

granular

W or WP

wettable powder

OD
SC

oil dispersible
spray concentrate

WSP

water soluble pouch

WDG or DG

water dispersible granules

Warning
Please note that we make no warranty or guarantee of any kind,
expressed or implied, concerning the use of products listed in this
publication. The user assumes all risks, whether recommendations
are followed or not. This publication is intended as a guide only.
For specific product information always refer to and follow directions
on the label.

Problem Codes
The following codes can be used on the spray record sheet when recording your monitoring and spray
activities. These codes are the same as those used in the Orchard Outlook newsletter. We would
encourage you to use these codes, as they may make record-keeping easier.
Insects

Insects

Apple Brown Bug

ABB

Tarnished Plant Bug

TPB

Apple Grain Aphid

AGA

Tent Caterpillar

TC

Apple Leaf-Curling Midge

ALM

White Apple Leafhopper

WALH

Apple Maggot

AM

Winter Moth

WM

Codling Moth

CM

Mites

European Fruit Tree Borer

EFTB

Apple Rust Mite

ARM

European Fruit Scale

EFS

European Red Mite

ERM

European Apple Sawfly

EAS

Lemon Yellow Mite

LYM

Eyespotted Bud Moth

ESBM

Pear Leaf Blister Mite

PLBM

Fruittree Leafroller

FTR

Pear Rust Mite

PRM

Green Apple Aphid

GAA

Two-spotted Spider Mite

TSSM

Green Pug Moth

GPM

Typhlodromus pyri

TYPH

Leafrollers

LR

Diseases

Lecanium Scale

LS

Apple Scab

AS

Mullein Bug

MB

Bitter Pit

BP

Oystershell Scale

OS

Blossom End Rot

BER

Obliquebanded Leafroller

OBL

European Canker

EC

Pale Apple Leafroller

PAL

Fire Blight

FB

Pear Psylla

PP

Fly Speck

FS

Plum Curculio

PC

Gleosporium Canker

GC

Rosy Apple Aphid

RAA

Powdery Mildew

PM

San Jose Scale

SJS

Sooty Blotch

SB

Speckled Green Fruitworm

SGFW

Stinging Mirids (ABB & MB)

SM

Overview of Apple Orchard Management

Schedule
Stage

Problem

Management Options
Monitoring

April

May
Green Tip
15 mm Green to
Tight Cluster

Bud Separation

Pink

Bloom

Calyx

European Fruit Tree Borer

European Red Mite
Fire Blight Cankers

x
x
x

Canker
European Fruit Tree Borer

Other

x
x

Apple Scab
Powdery Mildew
European Red Mite
Spotted Tentiform Leafminer
Winter Moth

x
x
x
x

Apple Scab
Powdery Mildew
Fruitworm
Winter Moth

Apple Scab
Powdery Mildew
European Red Mite
Rosy Apple Aphid
Oblique Banded and Three
Lined Leafroller
Tarnished Plant Bug

x
x
x
x
x

Apple Scab
Powdery Mildew
European Red Mite
Apple Sawfly
Twospotted Spider Mite
Pale Apple, Oblique-banded
Three Lined Leafroller
Rosy Apple Aphid
Stinging Bugs
Tarnished Plant Bug
White Apple Leafhopper
Winter Moth
Fruitworm

Chemical
Control

Apple Scab
European Red Mite

Apple Sawfly
Pollination
Wild Apple Tree
Fire Blight

Physical
Control

x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

Monitoring
First Cover

Physical
Control

Chemical
Control

Apple Scab
Powdery Mildew
Codling Moth
European Red Mite
Apple Rust Mite
Twospotted Spider Mite

x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x

Apple Scab
Powdery Mildew
Fire Blight
Codling Moth

x
x
x

x
x

Apple Scab
Powdery Mildew
Fire Blight
Apple Maggot
Codling Moth
European Red Mite
Twospotted Spider Mite
Apple Rust Mite
Spotted Tentiform Leafminer

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x

Apple Scab
Apple Maggot
European Red Mite
Two-spotted Spider Mite
Apple Rust Mite
Codling Moth
Eyespotted Bud Moth
White Apple Leafhopper

x
x
x
x
x
x

Early August

Soil & Leaf Analysis

Late August

Storage Rots

Pre Harvest

Fruit Injury

Post Harvest

Storage Rots
Mice

Second Cover

Third Cover

Fourth Cover

Other

x
x
x

x
x

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x

Overview of Pear Orchard Management Schedule

Stage

April

Scale Separation

Problem

Pear Psylla
Pear Leaf Blister Mite
Pear Scab
Pear Psylla

Blossom Bud
Exposed to
Tight Cluster

Pear Scab

Full White

Pear Scab
Winter Moth
Fruitworm
Pear Rust Mite

Bloom

Calyx

Management Options
Monitoring

Physical
Control

Chemical
Control

x
x

x
x

Other

x
x
x

Pear Scab
Pollination

x
x
x
x

x
x

Pear Scab
Winter Moth
Fruitworm
Pear Rust Mite
European Red Mite

x
x
x
x

First Cover

Pear Scab
Pear Psylla
Pear Rust Mite
European Red Mite
Pear Leaf Blister Mite
Codling Moth

x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x

Cover Sprays

Pear Scab
Pear Psylla
Pear Rust Mite
European Red Mite
Twospotted Spider Mite
Codling Moth

x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x
x

x
x
x
x
x

PESTICIDES LISTED IN THIS SCHEDULE

This listing includes all the registered pesticides (excluding herbicides) detailed in the Apple and Pear Orchard Management Schedules. Some of the secondary insects and diseases referred to on the
pesticide labels are also listed, but caution must be used in interpreting the effects on these secondary pests. The Schedule recommends the timing of application based on the target pest which is often
not the appropriate time for control of the secondary pests.

GROUP

Product

M
A
M
M
A
L
O
R
A
L

Chemical Family

S
K
I
N

B
E
E
S

T
Y
P
H
S

O
T
H
E
R
I
N
S
E
C
T
S

D
A
Y
S

RE-ENTRY INTERVAL

Active Ingredient

Relative Toxicity
(1=least, 5=most)

T
O
H
A
R
V
E
S

Pests Controlled

FUNGICIDES/ANTIBIOTICS
Aureobasidium
pullulans

Blossom Protect

Biopesticide

11

Suppression of fire blight

boscalid +

Pristine

Carboxylic acid amide

Strobilurin

11

5 -12
days

Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew, flyspeck, sooty blotch,

Brooks spot

pyraclostrobin
captan

Captan
Maestro

Phthalimide

48 hrs

Apple & pear scab, black rot, flyspeck, sooty blotch, storage rots
(applied preharvest)

cyprodinil

Vangard

Anilinopyrimidine

72

72 hrs

Apple scab

difenoconazole

Inspire

Triazole

14

12 hrs

Apple & pear scab

dodine

Equal/Syllit

Guanidine

12

48 hrs

Apple & pear scab

fluazinam

Allegro

Phenylpyridinylamine

29

28

72 hrs

Apple scab, flyspeck and sooty blotch

fluopyram +
pyrimethanil

Luna Tranquility

Carboxamide

14

12 hrs

Apple scab, powdery mildew

Anilinopyrimidine

fludioxonil

Scholar

Phenyl pyroles

12

PH

Storage rots (blue and grey mold)

kresoxim-methyl

Sovran

Strobilurin

11

30

48 hrs

Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew

10

Relative Toxicity
(1=least,5=most)

Active Ingredient

Product

Chemical Family

O
R
A
L

O
T
H
E
R

S
K
I
N

B
E
E
S

T
Y
P
H
S

I
N
S
E
C
T
S

D
A
Y
S

RE-ENTRY INTERVAL

G
R
O
U
P

M
A
M
M
A
L

T
O
H
A
R
V
E
S

Pests Controlled

FUNGICIDES/ANTIBIOTICS
mancozeb

Dithane
Manzate
Penncozeb

Dithiocarbamate

45

24 hrs

Apple scab, cedar apple rust, flyspeck, sooty blotch

metiram

Polyram

Dithiocarbamate

45

Apple scab, cedar apple rust, flyspeck, sooty blotch

thiabendazole

Mertect

Imidazole

PH

Storage rots (blue and grey mold))

myclobutanil

Nova

Triazole

14

dry

Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew, cedar apple rust

penthiopyrad

Fontelis

Carboxamide

28

12 hrs

Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew, cedar apple rust

pyrimethanil

Scala

Anilinopyrimidine

72
14

24 hrs

Apple & pear scab, storage rots

Pantoea
agglomerans strain
C9-1

BlightBan C9-1

Biopesticide

11

4 hrs

Suppression of fire blight

Pantoea
agglomerans strain
E325

Bloomtime Biological

Biopesticide

11

4 hrs

Suppression of fire blight

streptomycin
sulfate

Streptomycin

Antibiotic

18

50

24 hrs
to

Fire blight

14 days
sulphur

Kumulus

Inorganic

Powdery mildew, apple & pear scab

Microscopic Sulphur
thiophanate-methyl

Senator

MBC

Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew

trifloxystrobin

Flint

Strobilurin

11

14

12 hrs

Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew, sooty blotch, flyspeck, cedar
apple rust

to
4 days

11

Relative Toxicity
(1=least,5=most)

Active Ingredient

O
R
A
L

O
T
H
E
R

S
K
I
N

B
E
E
S

T
Y
P
H
S

I
N
S
E
C
T
S

D
A
Y
S

RE-ENTRY INTERVAL

G
R
O
U
P

M
A
M
M
A
L

T
O
H
A
R
V
E
S

Product

Chemical Family

acetamiprid

Assail

Chloronicotines

12 hrs

Aphids, apple maggot, apple sawfly, leafminer, leafhoppers,

codling moth, pear psylla

Bacillus thuringienis

Dipel 2XDF

Bt Microbial

11

Winter moth, leafrollers

Pests Controlled

INSECTICIDES

Bioprotec CAF
carbaryl

Sevin

Carbamate

11

White apple leafhopper, pear leaf blister mite

chlorantraniliprole

Altacor

Ryanodine receptors

28

14

12 hrs

Codling moth, obliquebanded leafroller, leaf miner

clothianidin

Clutch

Neonicotinoid

12 hrs

Aphids, leafhoppers, plum curculio, leafminer, pear psylla

cypermethrin

Ripcord

Pyrethroid

Winter moth (NS), bud moth, pale apple leafroller, tarnished plant
bug, pear psylla

Up-Cyde
deltamethrin

Decis

Pyrethroid

Leafrollers, winter moth, pear psylla

flonicamid

Beleaf

Pyridinecarboxamide

9C

21

48 hrs

Aphids

lambda cyhalothrin

Matador/Warrior

Pyrethroid

24 hrs

Winter moth, leafrollers, tarnished plant bug, pear psylla

imidacloprid

Admire/Alias

Neonicotinoid

24 hrs

Rosy and green apple aphid, white apple leafhopper, mullein bug

methoxyfenozide

Intrepid

Ecdysone Disrupter

18

14

dry

Pale apple, obliquebanded, and three lined leafroller, pear psylla

novaluron

Rimon

IGR

15

14

12

Codling moth

permethrin

Pounce

Pyrethroid

Winter moth, fruitworm, bud moth, pear psylla

phosmet

Imidan

Organophosphate

1B

14

7 days

Tent caterpillar, leafrollers, fruitworm, green pug moth,

eyespotted budmoth, plum curculio, codling moth, apple maggot,
pear psylla

spinosad

Success

Naturalyte

12 hrs

Obliquebanded, three lined, fruittree & European leafroller, eyespotted budmoth

12

INSECTICIDES
spinetoram

Delegate

Naturalyte

12 hrs

Codling moth, eye spotted bud moth, obliquebanded, and three

lined leafroller, spotted tentiform leafminer

spirotetramat

Movento

Tetronic Acid

23

12 hrs

Rosy apple aphid, apple aphids, pear psylla

sulfoxaflor

Closer

Neonicotinoid

4C

12 hrs

Green apple and rosy apple aphid. Suppression of woolly apple

aphid

tebufenozide

Confirm

Ecdysone Disrupter

18

14

12 hrs

Obliquebanded leafroller, codling moth, winter moth, green pug

moth

thiacloprid

Calypso

Chloronicotines

30

12 hrs

Codling moth, plum curculio, apple maggot, mullein bug,

leafhopper,spotted tentiform leafminer,aphids, apple sawfly, pear
psylla

thiamethoxam

Actara

Neonicotinoid

60

12 hrs

Rosy apple aphid, mullein bug, spotted tentiform leafminer, plum

curculio, pear psylla

kaolin

Surround

Kaolin

Apple maggot, leafrollers, leafhopper, plum curculio, tarnished

plant bug, first generation codling moth

acequinocyl

Kanemite

Quinolinone

20

14

12 hrs

European red, two spotted spider

bifenazate

Acramite

Carbazate

25

12 hrs

Two spotted spider, McDaniel and European red mites

abamectin

Agri-Mek

Avermectin

28

Dry

All mites, pear psylla

clofentezine

Apollo

Tetrazine

10

12

European red, two spotted spider and McDaniel mite

formetanate

Carzol

Carbamate

1A

All mites, white apple leafhopper

petroleum oil

Superior oil

European red mite, oystershell scale

mineral oil

Purespray Green

European red mite, European fruit, lecanium, oystershell, and

San Jose scale, powdery mildew

pyridaben

Nexter

Pyridazinone

21

25

24 hrs

All mites

spirodiclofen

Envidor

Tetronic Acid

23

12 hrs

All mites

diphacinone

Ramik Brown

Indandione

Mice

chlorophacinone

Rozol
Groundforce

Indandione

Mice

zinc phosphide

Waxed Mouse Bait

Inorganic Phosphide

Mice

MITICIDES

OTHER

13

Apple Orchard Management Schedule for Nova Scotia 2013/2014

A guide to insect, mite and disease management in apple orchards
-All rates are per hectare of mature (standard) trees or full dilute volume of about 3370 litres of water /ha. To adjust for smaller trees and higher density plantings, refer to Tree Row Volume
factsheet TF 92002 or Integrated Fruit Production Guide.
-All rates are based on label rates. In some cases, reduced rates can be used based on factors other than tree size. Please refer to specific notes or your agricultural advisor for details.
-Always read the label before using any pesticide. Where differences between the label and this schedule occur, label information prevails.
Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

GREEN TIP
Apple Scab

Use one of the following listed fungicides.

Maestro
Supra Captan

80 DF
80 WDG

3.75 kg

Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not use 7 days before or after an oil application. Early season sprays may
cause injury to the foliage of Red Delicious.

Dithane
Manzate 200
Penncozeb

75 DG
75 DF
75 DF

6.00 kg

Compatible with oil.

Polyram

80 DF

6.00 kg

Compatible with oil. Do not mix with liquid fertilizer or hydrated lime.

Allegro

500 F

0.75-1.0 L

Make no more than 3 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide belonging to alternate chemical family. Make no
more than 9 applications per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 liters of water. Use higher rate for heavy disease pressure and
on more susceptible cultivars.

Scala

SC

0.75-1.0 L

Apply at 7-12 day intervals from green tip to petal fall. Do not apply post bloom. Do not apply more than 6.0 L per hectare or
more than 4 applications in a row. Apply in a minimum spray volume of 1000 L/ha.

Vangard

75 WG

370 g

Apply as a protectant spray on a 7 to 10 day schedule. Do not apply more than 2 applications alone. Do not apply more than 6
times per season. Do not apply more than 1.5 kg/ha of Vangard per season. Avoid drift onto cherries. For added protection and
resistance management tank mix with one of the following: Polyram DF, Manzate 200 DF or Dithane DG at full rate.

Equal/Syllit

65 WP

1.08-2.25 kg

Compatible with oil. Use high rate for high disease pressure and low rate for low disease pressure. For missed infection periods,
apply 3.25 kg/ha within 36 hours of infection period start. Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides
that are not in group M7.

Senator
+ Captan

70 WP
80 WP

625 g
2.00 kg

Must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance. Do not mix with lime or other alkaline materials. Do not mix the Captan
mixture with oil or apply 7 days before or after an oil application. If Benomyl resistance has been detected this product may be
ineffective.

European Red Mite

Assess winter eggs on twigs and bark, refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet #6 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php
Superior Oil

70 sec

65 L

Purespray
Green Spray Oil

13 E

65 L

Best results are obtained when applied with a high volume of water 1500 to 3370 L/ha. Do not apply oil during freezing
temperatures or just following a frost. Check compatibility with fungicide. May cause bark injury on Red Delicious and Empire.

15 mm GREEN to TIGHT CLUSTER

Apple Scab

Use a fungicide as listed under Green Tip. Check fungicide compatibility with oil treatments for mites.

Powdery Mildew

If mildew was a problem during the previous growing season select an appropriate fungicide listed below. In most cases mildew treatment should begin around the tight cluster stage
of bud development. Under extreme mildew pressure treatments can begin earlier. General fungicide treatments for powdery mildew will also control apple scab.

Green Tip

Nova

40 W

340 g

Only 4 applications of this product are recommended yearly for proper resistance management.

14

Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

Powdery Mildew

Sovran

50 WG

240-450 g

Do not make more than 2 sequential applications or more than 4 applications per year of Sovran or Flint then alternate with 2
applications of a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply at 10 to14 day intervals using the shorter interval for periods of
rapid shoot growth. Use the 240 g rate for low to moderate disease pressure and 450 g for high to extreme disease pressure.

Flint

50 WG

140-210 g

Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications of Flint or Sovran. Do not apply more than 4 times per season.

Pristine

WG

1.0-1.2 kg

Do not apply more than 4 times per year. Use high rate under high disease pressure.

Fontelis

1-1.5 L

Use high rate when disease pressure is high. Make no more than 2 sequential applications before switching to a fungicide of a
different chemical family. Maximum seasonal use rate 4.5 L.

Luna Tranquility

SC

600 mL

Apply with a minimum water volume of 500 L/ha. Do not exceed 4 applications or 3.2 L/ha/season. Do not make more than 2
sequential applications. Will also control apple scab when used at a rate of 800 mL/ha.

Microscopic

92 G

19.50 kg

DF

22.50 kg

Do not apply within 30 days of an oil treatment. Do not apply if high temperatures (26 C+) and humidity prevail or are expected
during the three days following application. Do not use on Delicious. Usage may result in elevated populations of red mite and
scale.

Sulphur
Kumulus
Winter Moth

Assess larvae at this stage and refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet #8 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

Spotted Tentiform
Leafminer

Assess adult activity at this time and refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 21. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

European Red Mite

Assess winter eggs on twigs and bark. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet #6 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

Superior Oil

70 sec

65 L

Purespray
Green Spray Oil

15 E

65 L

Best results are obtained when applied with a high volume of water 1,500 to 3,370 L/ha. Do not apply oil during freezing
temperatures or just following a frost. Check compatibility with fungicide. May cause bark injury on Red Delicious and Empire.

Solupacks-Many pesticides have been packed into solupacks, but beware that these may not dissolve properly in the presence of oil, boron or chlorine in the spray tank.

BUD SEPARATION
Apple Scab

Use one of the following listed fungicides.

Allegro

500F

0.75-1.0 L

Make no more than 3 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide belonging to alternate chemical family. Make no
more than 9 applications per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 liters of water. Use higher rate for heavy disease pressure and
on more susceptible cultivars.

Maestro
Supra Captan

80 DF
80 WDG

3.75 kg

Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not use 7 days before or after an oil application.

Equal/Syllit

65 WP

1.08-2.25 kg

Compatible with oil. Use high rate for high disease pressure and low rate low disease pressure. For missed infection periods,
apply 3.25 kg/ha within 36 hours of infection period start. Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides
that are not in the M group.

Dithane
Manzate 200
Penncozeb

75 DG
75 DF
75 DF

6.00 kg
6.00 kg
6.00 kg

Compatible with oil.

Polyram

80 DF

6.00 kg

Compatible with oil. Do not mix with liquid fertilizer or hydrated lime.

Tight Cluster-Bud Separation

15

Disease and Insects

Apple Scab

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

Scala

SC

0.75-1.0 L

Apply at 7-12 day intervals from green tip to petal fall. Do not apply post bloom. Do not apply more than 6.0 L per hectare or
more than 4 applications in a row. Apply in a minimum spray volume of 1000 L/ha.

Vangard

75 WG

190 g

Apply as a protectant spray on a 7 to 10 day schedule. Do not apply more than 2 applications alone. Do not apply more than 6
times per season. Do not apply more than 1.5 kg/ha of Vangard per season. Avoid drift onto cherries. For added protection and
resistance management tank mix with one of the following: Polyram DF,Manzate 200 DF or Dithane DG at full rate.

Nova
+ Dithane
or Polyram
or Maestro

40 W
DG
DF
80DF

340 g
3.00 kg
3.00 kg
1.90 kg

Only 4 applications of this product are recommended yearly for proper resistance management. If an infection period is missed,
apply Nova at 340 g/ha as soon as possible after the infection period and within 96 hours of the start of the infection period;
follow this with a second application 7 days later. This product should be tank-mixed with Dithane, Polyram or Maestro for
resistance management.

Inspire

SC

292 mL

Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications for proper resistance management. For added protection apply as a tank mix
with one of the following, Maestro, Captan Supra, Dithane, Manzate, Penncozeb, or Vangard. Do not apply more than 1.6 L
/season.

Pristine

WG

1.0-1.2 kg

Do not apply more than 4 times per year. Use high rate under high disease pressure.

Flint

50 WG

140-175 g

Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications of Flint or Sovran. Do not apply more than 4 times per season.

Sovran

50 WG

180-360 g

Do not make more than 2 sequential applications of Sovran then alternate with 2 applications of a fungicide with a different mode
of action. Do not apply more than 4 times per season. Apply at 10 to14 day intervals using the shorter interval for periods of
rapid shoot growth. Use the 360 gram rate during heavy infection periods. The 180 g rate is suggested as a protectant spray
only. Do not exceed the maximum season use rate of 1.8 kg/ha per season.
Caution: spray drift can be phototoxic to some sweet cherry cultivars.

Luna Tranquility

SC

800 mL

Apply with a minimum water volume of 500 L/ha. Do not exceed 4 applications or 3.2 L/ha/season. Do not make more than 2
sequential applications. Will also control powdery mildew.

Senator
+ Captan

70 WP
80 WP

625 g
2.00 kg

Must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance. Do not mix with lime or other alkaline materials. If Benomyl resistance has
been detected this product may be ineffective.

Powdery Mildew

Use one of the fungicides listed for 15 mm Green Tip to Tight Cluster.

Fruitworm

If treating winter moth or green pug moth, a separate treatment for fruitworm would not be necessary at this time.

Winter Moth
Green Pug Moth

Imidan

50 WP

3.75 kg

Do not mix with alkaline materials.

Green pug moth seldom needs treatment. Contact an IPM advisor for advice on control of this pest.

Confirm

240 F

1.00 L

Application timing is tight cluster to full pink. Confirm will also suppress green pug moth, pale apple leafroller and leafminer
larvae.

Intrepid

240 F

0.75 L

Application timing is tight cluster to full pink. Intrepid will also suppress green pug moth, pale apple leafroller and leafminer
larvae.

Dipel
+ Ripcord

2X DF
400 EC

280 g
12.5 mL

Application timing is late tight cluster to early pink. More effective on early instar caterpillars.
Less disruptive to predatory mites than other synthetic pyrethroids. Only one application per year.

Bud Separation

16

Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

Bioprotec
+ Ripcord

CAF
400 EC

700 mL
12.5 mL

Application timing is late tight cluster to early pink.

Imidan

50 WP

3.75 kg

Do not mix with strongly alkaline materials.

Matador
Warrior

120 EC

83 mL

Pyrethroids are disruptive to IPM programs leading to mite flare ups and therefore should be avoided. Ripcord is somewhat less
disruptive to predatory mites while Decis is broad spectrum and one of the most powerful synthetic pyrethroids.

Winter Moth
Green Pug Moth

Less disruptive to predatory mites than other synthetic pyrethroids. Only one application per year.

Avoid applying synthetic pyrethroids when temperatures rise above 20C because their activity is greatly reduced.

Ripcord

400 EC

125 mL

Decis

5.0 EC

150 mL

Pounce

384 EC

260 mL

Rosy Apple Aphid

Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 10 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

Assail

70 WP

80 -120 g

Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

Actara

25 WG

160 g

Only make one prebloom application with a maximum of 2 applications per season. A minimum spray volume of 1000 litres of
water is recommended for standard trees. Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are
visiting the treatment area.

Calypso

480 SC

145-290 mL

Use higher rates for greater pest populations and/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of
875 mL. Thorough spray coverage of foliage is essential for optimum control.

Beleaf

50 SG

120-160 g

Use higher rates for greater pest populations and/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of
480 g. Thorough spray coverage of foliage is essential for optimum control.

Closer

SC

100-200 mL

Do not apply when bloom is present or when flowering weeds are present. Do not apply more than twice per year.

Movento

240 SC

365-435 ml

Maximum amount of product that can be applied per growing season is 1.83 L/ha. Apply with a minimum water volume of 500
L/ha. Use high rate for moderate to high pest pressure.

PINK
Apple Scab
Powdery Mildew

Use one of the fungicides listed under bud separation.

Use one of the fungicides listed for 15 mm Green Tip to Tight Cluster.

Bud Separation-Pink

17

Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

Mites

Assess mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached.

Acramite

50 WS

567-850 g

Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for two-spotted mite and high rate (3 pouches/2 acres) for European red mite. Apply only
once per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.

Apollo

500 SC

300-600 mL

One application per year. Longer protection will be obtained when applied at the Calyx stage of fruit development.

Rosy Apple Aphid

Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 10 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

Assail

70 WP

80 -120 g

Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

Actara

25 WG

160 g

Only make one prebloom application with a maximum of 2 applications per season. A minimum spray volume of 1000 litres of
water is recommended for standard trees. Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are
visiting the treatment area.

Beleaf

50 SG

120-160 g

Use higher rates for greater pest populations and/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of
480 g. Thorough spray coverage of foliage is essential for optimum control.

Calypso

480 SC

145-290 mL

Use higher rates for greater pest populations and/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of
875 mL. Thorough spray coverage of foliage is essential for optimum control.

Closer

SC

100-200 mL

Do not apply when bloom is present or when flowering weeds are present. Do not apply more than twice per year.

Movento

240 SC

365-435 ml

Maximum amount of product that can be applied per growing season is 1.83 L/ha. Apply with a minimum water volume of 500
L/ha. Use high rate for moderate to high pest pressure.

Obliquebanded
Leafroller

Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet 16. Leafrollers are often controlled by pesticides that are applied at this time of year for more serious insect pests. If a
specific treatment is required to control a high overwintering population of leafroller then select one of the following pesticides.

Altacor

35 WG

145-285 g

Apply when overwintering larvae are active and before they roll up in leaves. Pink through petal fall.

Delegate

WG

210-420 g

Use high rate for high insect pressure or large larvae. Application timing same as above.

Confirm

240 F

1.00L

Maximum of 4 applications per season. If split application is used (0.5 L/ha), apply second application 10 to 14 days after the
initial treatment.

Success

480 SC

182 mL

Apply with a sufficient volume of water to thoroughly wet foliage. Repeat application in 10 to 14 days if monitoring indicates.
Do not apply more than three times per season for leafroller control. Do not apply more than 546 mL of product per year.

BLOOM
Apple Scab

If possible, avoid all sprays during bloom. Otherwise, use only bee-safe fungicides (not Polyram) and apply at night. Use one of the recommended fungicides listed under Pink.

Insects

DO NOT USE INSECTICIDES DURING BLOOM.

Mites

DO NOT USE MITICIDES DURING BLOOM.

Pollination

Place bee hives (2-3 per hectare) in orchards at 10% bloom.

Wild Apple Trees

Flag during bloom for later removal to help with apple maggot control.

Fire Blight

Use CougarBlight or Maryblyt prediction models to determine the risk of fire blight infections during the bloom period. See next page for product choices when risk is high.

Pink-Bloom

18

Disease and Insects

Fire Blight

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

Streptomycin

17

600g/1,000 L

Apply prior to a wetting period when there is a high risk of infection. Most effective when applied as a dilute spray and not in a
tank mix. Re-application is needed in two to three days if warm wet conditions (20C) prevail. Do not apply more than three
times per season.

BlightBan

C9-1

375-500 g

Use high rate under conditions of high disease pressure. Apply at 15-20% bloom followed by a second application at full bloom.
Copper-based products are incompatible with BlightBan.

Bloomtime

Biological

375-500 g

Use high rate under conditions of high disease pressure. Apply at 15-20% bloom followed by a second application at full bloom.
Copper-based products are incompatible with Bloomtime.

Blossom
Protect

WG

1 package

Rate is based upon 2 m canopy height. Apply up to 5 times based upon Maryblyt risk of infection. Apply with 1000L of water.

CALYX
Apple Scab

Use one of the recommended fungicides listed for Pink.

Powdery Mildew

Use one of the fungicides listed for 15 mm Green Tip to Tight Cluster.

Winter Moth
Fruitworms

Assess and refer to Pest Management Fact Sheets #8 and #14 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. Pre-bloom treatments of Confirm for winter moth or leafroller
may have an impact on fruitworm. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

Apple Leafrollers

50 WP

3.75 kg

Assess at this time for Pale apple, Obliquebanded, Fruittree or Threelined leafroller. These leafrollers are often adequately controlled by treatments for other larval insects.

Altacor

35 WG

145-285 g

Apply when overwintering larvae are active and before they roll up in leaves. Pink through petal fall.

Delegate

WG

210-420 g

Use high rate for high insect pressure or large larvae. Application timing same as above.

Success

480 SC

182 mL

Do not apply more than 546 mL of product per year.

Confirm

240 F

1.00 L

Intrepid

240 F

0.75 L

Application timing is late bloom to early petal fall.

Matador/Warrior

120 EC

83 mL

Ripcord

400 EC

125 mL

Ripcord is somewhat less disruptive to predatory mites, while Decis is broad spectrum and one of the most powerful synthetic
pyrethroids. Pyrethroids are disruptive to IPM programs and therefore should be avoided. Avoid applying synthetic pyrethroids
when temperatures rise above 20C as their activity is greatly reduced.

Decis

5.0 EC

200 mL

Mites

Bloom-Caylx

Imidan

Assess active mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached. Apollo will not control apple rust mite, which is generally considered a good food source for
predatory mites.

Acramite

50 WS

567-850 g

Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for two spotted spider mite and high rate (3 pouches/2 acres) for European red mite.
Apply only once per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.

Apollo

500 SC

300-600 mL

Apply within14 days of petal fall. One application per year.

Agri-Mek
+ Superior Oil

1.9 EC
70 sec

750 mL
+ 10 L

Works best if applied just after petal fall. May cause russeting on Golden Delicious and other light-skinned varieties. Do not
apply with Captan or within 14 days of a Captan application. Do not apply more than once per season. Apply with a
minimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

Envidor

240 SC

750 mL

Only use post bloom and once per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha. Works on eggs, all nymphal stages and
adult females.

19

Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

Kanemite

15 SC

2.1 L

Do not apply more than twice per season. Effective on all life stages of European red and two-spotted mites. Apply with a
minimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

Mites
Rosy Apple Aphid

Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 10- Thresholds for Rosy Apple Aphids in Nova Scotia, or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production.
http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

Actara

25 WG

160 g

A maximum of 2 applications per season. A minimum spray volume of 1000 litres of water is recommended for standard trees.
Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

Admire/Alias

240 FLO

230 mL

Will also control green aphid and white apple leafhopper. Do not apply more than twice a year. Apply with a high volume of
water. Uniform coverage is necessary for optimal control.

Assail

70 WP

80 -120 g

Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

Beleaf

50 SG

120-160 g

Use higher rates for greater pest populations and/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of
480 g. Thorough spray coverage of foliage is essential for optimum control.

Calypso

480 SC

145-290 mL

Use higher rates for greater pest populations and/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of
875 mL. Thorough spray coverage of foliage is essential for optimum control.

Closer

SC

100-200 mL

Do not apply when bloom is present or when flowering weeds are present. Do not apply more than twice per year.

Clutch

50 WDG

140-210 g

Do not apply more than 2 applications per season and do not exceed 420 g/ha/season. Will also control green aphid and white
apple leafhopper. Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

Movento

240 SC

365-435 mL

Maximum amount of product that can be applied per growing season is 1.83 L/ha. Apply with a minimum water volume of 500
L/ha. Use high rate for moderate to high pest pressure.

Stinging Bugs

Caylx

Assess as close to petal fall as possible. Consult with crop advisor as pesticides applied at this time of year for other pests may provide control of stinging bugs.

Admire/Alias

240 FLO

380 mL

Will also control green aphid and white apple leafhopper. Do not apply more than twice a year. Apply with a high volume of
water. Uniform coverage is necessary for optimal control.

Calypso

480 SC

145-290

Apply for mullein bug when nymphs have reached an economic threshold. Second application may be required 7 to 14 days
later if there is extended emergence.

Ripcord

400 EC

250 mL

Matador
Warrior

120 EC

83 mL

Pyrethroids are less toxic to New Zealand typhs and are rated as 1 (least toxic). Ripcord and Cymbush are less disruptive to
predatory mites, while Decis is broad spectrum and one of the most powerful synthetic pyrethroids. Pyrethroids are disruptive to
IPM programs leading to mite flare ups and therefore should be avoided.

Decis

5.0 EC

200 mL

Avoid applying synthetic pyrethroids when temperatures rise above 20C as their activity is greatly reduced

20

Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

White Apple
Leafhopper

Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 19. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

Admire/Alias

240 FLO

200 mL

Do not apply more than twice a year. Apply with a high volume of water to obtain uniform coverage for optimal control.

Assail

70 WP

80 -120 g

Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

Calypso

480 FLO

145-290

Apply once threshold has been reached.

Clutch

50 WDG

140-210 g

Do not apply more than 2 applications per season and do not exceed 420 g/ha/season. Will also control Rosy and green aphid.
Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

Sevin

XLR Plus

2.30 L

Unless thinning of apples is desired, do not use within 30 days of full bloom.

European Apple
Sawfly

Treat as a special spray where there has been a history of damage

Assail

70 WP

120-240 g

Adequate spray coverage is required for optimal control. Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a
year or exceed 960 g of product per season

Calypso

480 SC

290-440 mL

Apply at late petal. In mixed blocks do not apply to those cultivars still in bloom. Use higher rates for greater pest populations
and/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of 875 mL. Thorough spray coverage of foliage is
essential for optimum control.

FIRST COVER
Apple Scab

Use one of the recommended fungicides listed under Pink.

Codling Moth

Hang pheromone traps at this time (1 trap per 2 hectares). Approximate date June 10.

Mites

Assess mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached

Acramite

50 WS

567-850 g

Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for twospotted spider mite and high rate (3 pouches/ 2 acres) for European red mite.
Apply only once per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.

Agri-Mek
+ Superior Oil

1.9 EC
70 sec

750 mL
10 L

Works best if applied within 14 days of petal fall. Do not use 7 days before or after an oil application. May cause russeting on
Golden Delicious and other light-skinned varieties. Do not apply with Captan or within 14 days of a Captan application. Do
not apply more than once per season. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

Nexter

75 WP

300-600 g

Use the higher end of rate range to control high populations of twospotted spider mite. Effective against immature stages but
not eggs. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. For resistance management limit use to one application per
season.

Envidor

240 SC

750 mL

Only use post bloom and once per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha. Works on eggs, all nymphal stages and
adult females.

Kanemite

15 SC

2.1 L

Do not apply more than twice per season. Effective on all life stages of European red and two-spotted mites. Apply with a
minimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

Carzol

92 SP

1.10 kg

Broad spectrum, not recommend for IPM. Will also control leaf hopper at this time. Hydrolyzes rapidly in alkaline solution.

Caylx-First Cover

21

Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

SECOND COVER
Apple Scab

Use one of the recommended fungicides listed for Pink.

Codling Moth

Rates can be adjusted (except for Confirm & Intrepid) according to trap captures (See Codling Moth Decision Table, below)

Altacor

35 WG

145-215 g

Apply just prior to first egg hatch (80-100 degree days after the biofix date). Apply with a minimum of 450 L/ha. Watch
newsletter for timing.

Rimon

10 EC

.93-1.4 L

Apply with 1000 L of water. Apply at 100 degree days after biofix just prior to or after egg laying. Use the lower rate on trees
that are less than 3 m in height and the higher rate on trees 3 m and larger in height. See label for adjusting rates based upon
volume of water per hectare.

Calypso

480 SC

290-440 mL

Apply during peak egg laying or just prior to egg hatch. Use low rate for low to moderate pest pressure.

Confirm

240 F

1.00 L

Apply at 200 degree days after biofix or first egg hatch (3-6 days prior to other controls) and possibly again in 14-21 days. Do
not apply in less than 1000 L of water per hectare. Watch newsletter for timing.

Intrepid

240 F

1.0 L

Apply at 200 degree days after biofix or first egg hatch (3-6 days prior to other controls) and possibly again in 14-21 days. Do
not apply in less than 1000 L of water per hectare. Watch newsletter for timing.

Delegate

WG

420 g

Apply at 200 degree days after biofix or first egg hatch (3-6 days prior to other controls) and possibly again in 14-21 days. Do
not apply in less than 1000 L of water per hectare. Watch newsletter for timing.

Assail

70 WP

120-240 g

Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

Imidan

50 WP

3.75 kg

Target 3% egg hatch based on degree days.

Codling Moth Decision Table

Cumulative Codling Moth Trap Capture

Percent of Full Crop

10-20%

21-50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

10-19

1/4 rate

20-39

1/4 rate

1/4 rate

1/4 rate

1/4 rate

40-99

1/4 rate

1/4 rate

1/4 rate

1/4 rate

1/4 rate

1/4 rate

1/4 rate

100-199

1/2 rate

1/2 rate

1/2 rate

1/2 rate

1/2 rate

1/2 rate

1/2 rate

Second Cover-Codling Moth Decision Table

22

Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

THIRD COVER
Apple Scab

Depending on primary scab season length and freedom from primary infections, rates of broad spectrum fungicides may be reduced. Use one of the following listed fungicides.

Maestro
Supra Captan

80 DF
80 WDG

1.90-3.75 kg

Do not mix with strongly alkaline materials without adjusting pH.

Allegro

500 F

0.75-1.0 L

Make no more than 3 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide belonging to alternate chemical family. Make
no more than 9 applications per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 liters of water. Use higher rate for heavy disease pressure
and on more susceptible cultivars.

Senator
+ Captan

70 WP
80 WP

625 g
2.00 kg

Must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance. Do not mix with lime or other alkaline materials. If Benomyl resistance has
been detected this product may be ineffective.

Equal/Syllit

65 WP

2.25 kg

Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides.

Polyram

80 DF

4.5-6.00 kg

Dithane
Manzate 200
Penncozeb

75 DG
75 DF
75 DF

5.00-6.00 kg

Allegro

500 F

0.75-1.0 L

Apple Maggot

Hang traps in early July. Monitoring traps will determine when first maggot flies appear and when control is needed. It is recommended that yellow cards be replaced after 30 days
of field exposure.

Assail

70 WP

120-240 g

Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

Surround

WP

25-50 kg

Make 2 applications 7 days before expected egg laying or at first trap captures. Continue applications every 7-14 days to keep
fruit completely covered until late August. Base rates on tree-row-volume.

Calypso

480 SC

440 mL

Apply based upon trap captures.

Imidan

50 WP

3.75 kg

Consult with crop advisor on reduced rates.

European Red,
Two- Spotted and
Rust Mites

Third Cover

Make no more than 3 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide belonging to alternate chemical family. Make
no more than 9 applications per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 liters of water. Use higher rate for heavy disease pressure
and on more susceptible cultivars.

Assess mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached. Apple rust mite is generally considered a good food source for predatory mites and treatment is
recommended only when populations are high enough to significantly stress foliage. If treatment is required for rust mite only, miticide rates can be reduced.

Acramite

50 WS

567-850 g

Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for twospotted spider mite and high rate (3 pouches/2 acres) for European red mite.
Apply only once per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.

Carzol

92 SP

1.10 kg

Broad spectrum, not recommended for IPM programs and it is very harsh on typhs. Hydrolyzes rapidly in alkaline solution.

Envidor

240 SC

750 mL

Only use post bloom and once per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha. Works on eggs, all nymphal stages and
adult females.

23

Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

Kanemite

15 SC

2.1 L

Do not apply more than twice per season. Effective on all life stages of European red and two-spotted mites. Apply with a
minimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

Nexter

75 WP

300-600 g

Use the higher end of rate range to control high populations of two-spotted spider mite. Effective against immature stages but
not eggs. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. For resistance management limit use to one application per
season.

Mites

Codling Moth

Rates (except Confirm & Intrepid) may be reduced according to the Codling Moth Decision Table found in Second Cover. Generally, a second treatment is only needed after 10 or
more moths have been trapped following the first treatment. Treatments (except Surround) for apple maggot at this time would also control codling moth.

Assail

70 WP

120-240 g

Imidan

50 WP

3.75 kg

Calypso

480 SC

290-440 mL

Confirm

240 F

1.00 L

Intrepid

240 F

1.00 L

Delegate

WG

420 g

Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

Use low rate for low to moderate pest pressure.

Do not apply in less than 1000 L of water per hectare.

FOURTH COVER
Eyespotted Bud
Moth

May also be controlled by organophosphates targeted at other pests during this time.

Spotted Tentiform
Leafminer

Monitor and assess mines for parasitism, refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 21. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

Apple Scab

Use a fungicide listed under Third Cover.

Scooty Blotch
Fly Speck

Use a fungicide that controls apple scab as well as sooty blotch and fly speck.

Apple Maggot

Clean out or replace traps after first treatment. Monitoring traps will determine when and if additional control is needed.

Assail

70 WP

120-240 g

Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

Surround

WP

25-50 kg

Continue applications every 7-14 days to keep fruit completely covered until late August. Base rates on tree row volume.

Calypso

480 SC

440 mL

Apply based upon trap captures.

Imidan

50 WP

3.75 kg

Consult with crop advisor on reduced rates.

European Red and

Twospotted Mites

Assess mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached.

Acramite

50 WS

567-850 g

Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for two-spotted spider mite and high rate (3 pouches/2 acres) for European red mite.
Apply only once per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.

Carzol

92 SP

1.10 kg

Broad spectrum, not recommend for IPM. Very harsh on typhs. Hydrolyzes rapidly in alkaline solution.

Envidor

240 SC

750 mL

Only use post bloom and once per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha. Works on eggs, all nymphal stages
and adult females.

Kanemite

15 SC

2.1 L

Do not apply more than twice per season. Effective on all life stages European red and two-spotted mites. Apply with a
minimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

Fourth Cover

24

Disease and
Insects

Codling Moth

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

Nexter

75 WP

300-600 g

Use the higher end of rate range to control high populations of two-spotted spider mite. Effective against immature stages
but not eggs. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. For resistance management limit use to one application
per season.

Treat as in Third Cover if captures warrant.

Assail

70 WP

120-240 g

Imidan

50 WP

3.75 kg

White Apple
Leafhopper

Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

Asses at this time. Carzol treatments for mites will also control leafhopper. Treat when population reaches an average of one nymph per leaf based on a 100 leaf count.

Assail

70 WP

80-120 g

Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

Admire/Alias

240 FLO

200 mL

Do not apply more than twice a year. Apply with a high volume of water. Uniform coverage is necessary for optimal control.

Calypso

480 SC

145-290 mL

Use high rate under heavy pressure.

Clutch

50 WDG

140-210 g

Do not apply more than 2 applications per season and do not exceed 420 g/ha/season. Will also control green aphid. Toxic to
bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

Sevin

XLR

1.20 L

AUGUST to NOVEMBER
Leaf Tissue
Analysis

Collect samples the first week of August.

Storage Rots

Preharvest controls should only be necessary in wet seasons and/or when summer disease control was inadequate.

Scala

SC

1.5-2.0 L/ha

Captan
Maestro

80 WP
80 DF

1.90-3.75 kg
2.00-4.00 kg

Storage Rots Postharvest Control

Apply a single application 2 weeks prior to harvest for control of botrytis and suppression of penicillium. Use higher rate if there
is a history of high disease pressure in the orchard or storage.

Control of blue and grey mold.

Scholar

50 WP

600 g/1000L

Post harvest dip (blue and grey mold)

Mertect

SC

1 L/ 1000L

Post harvest dip.

Mice

Assess and treat when populations warrant.

Ramik Brown

2 X 11 kg

Apply after harvestable fruit has been removed. Make 2 applications at 11 kg/ha 20-40 days apart, no later than March 1. Post
areas. Make inaccessible to children, pets and wildlife.

Rozol
Groundforce

11.00-11.25
kg

Repeat application in 20-60 days where infestation is high.

Zinc Phosphide
Bait

4.5-9.0 kg

Apply in early fall or prior to snow. Base broadcast rate on infestation levels, or use 25 bait stations/ha of 15 g each.

August to November

25

Pear Orchard Management Schedule 2013/2014

A guide to insect, mite and disease management in Nova Scotia pear orchards
-All rates are per hectare of mature(standard) trees or full dilute volume of about 3370 litres of water /ha. To adjust for smaller trees and higher density plantings, refer to Tree Row Volume factsheet TF
92002.
-All rates are based on label rates. In some cases, reduced rates can be used based on factors other than tree size. Please refer to specific notes or your agricultural advisor for details.
-Always read the label before using any pesticide. Where differences between the label and this schedule occur, label information prevails
Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

Sevin XLR Plus

FLO

2.3 L

Oil for Psylla control would also control blister mite.

Dormant
Pear Leaf Blister Mite

Pear Psylla
European Red Mite

Start checking in early April when day time temperatures are near 10C for the presence of adults and egg laying activity

Superior Oil
Purespray Green

70 sec
13 E

65 L
65 L

Apply late dormant season when first adults are observed on a sunny day. Good coverage is
essential; use a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. 3000 L of water will provide the best
results. Check 10 to 14 days following treatment for signs of new egg laying and the need to
apply a second treatment. Pear leaf blister mite would also be controlled.

Spray Oil

SCALE SEPARATION
Pear Scab

Equal/Syllit

65 WP

3.25 kg

Compatible with oil. Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides.

Scala

SC

0.75-1.0 L

Apply on a 7-12 day interval. Use higher rate to achieve maximum kickback activity. Do not use
more than four times for scab control.

Maestro
Supra Captan

80 DF
80 WDG

3.75 kg

Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not apply immediately before or closely
following an oil spray. Do not use on dAnjou pears.

Senator
+ Captan

70 WP
80 WP

625 g
200 kg

Senator must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance; do not combine with alkaline
pesticides. Do not use on dAnjou pears.

Pristine

WG

1.0-1.2 kg

Do not apply more than 4 times per year. Use high rate under high disease pressure.

BLOSSOM BUD EXPOSED to TIGHT CLUSTER

Equal/Syllit

65 WP

3.25 kg

Compatible with oil. Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides.

Flint

50 WG

140 g

Do not apply more than 4 applications in total of Flint and Sovran.

Sovran

50 WG

240 g

Increase rate to 360 g/ha for high to extreme disease pressure.

Pristine

WG

1.0-1.2 kg

Do not apply more than 4 times per year. Use high rate under high disease pressure.

Dormant-Blossom Bud Exposed

26

Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

BLOSSOM BUD EXPOSED to TIGHT CLUSTER

Pear Scab

Scala

SC

0.75-1.0 L

Apply on a 7-12 day interval. Use higher rate to achieve maximum kickback activity. Do not use
more than four times for scab control. Do not use post bloom.

Nova

40 W

360 g

Do not make more than 6 applications per year. For resistance management Nova should be
tank mixed with a half rate of Captan or Maestro

Inspire

EC

292 g

Can be used until primary scab season is complete. For resistance management Inspire should
be tank mixed with a half rate of Captan or Maestro

Fontelis

SU

1 -1.5 L

Apply on a 7 to 10 day interval. Use higher rate and shorter interval when disease pressure is
high. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before switching to a fungicide of a
different grouping. Maximum yearly applications 4.5 L.

Senator
+ Captan

70 WP
80 WP

625 g
200 kg

Senator must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance; do not combine with alkaline
pesticides. Do not use on dAnjou pears.

Maestro
Supra Captan

80 DF
80 WDG

3.75 kg

Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not apply immediately before or closely
following an oil spray. Do not use on dAnjou pears.

FULL WHITE
Pear Scab

Use a fungicide listed for scab under Blossom Bud Exposed to Tight Cluster.

Winter Moth and Fruit Worm

Altacor

35 WG

145-285 g

Use the higher rate under heavy pest pressure. Do not make more than 3 applications per
season. Allow for at least 10 days between applications.

Imidan

50 WP

3.75 kg

Alternative materials to the organophosphates are the synthetic pyrethroids and Dipel.

Dipel

2X DF

1.1-1.7 kg

Bioprotec

CAF

2.8-4.0 L

Best results are obtained when applied in the evening. Two applications 5-7 days apart may be
required to obtain control.

Pear Rust Mite

Control to avoid russet fruit at harvest.

Envidor

240 SC

0.75 L

Only one application per growing season

Streptomycin

17

600g/1,000 L

Apply prior to a wetting period when there is a high risk of infection. Most effective when
applied as a dilute spray and not in a tank mix. Re-application is needed in two to three days if
warm wet conditions (20C) prevail. Do not apply more than three times per season.

BlightBan

C9-1

375-500 g

Use high rate under conditions of high disease pressure. Apply at 15-20% bloom followed by a
second application at full bloom. Copper-based products are incompatible with BlightBan.

Bloomtime

Biological

375-500 g

Use high rate under conditions of high disease pressure. Apply at 15-20% bloom followed by a
second application at full bloom. Copper-based products are incompatible with Bloomtime.

Blossom Protect

WG

1 package

Rate is based upon 2 m canopy height. Apply up to 5 times based upon Maryblyt risk of
infection. Apply with 1000 L of water.

BLOOM
Fire Blight

Blossom Bud Exposed-Bloom

27

Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

Pear Scab

Use a fungicide listed for scab under Blossom Bud Exposed to Tight Cluster.

Insects

DO NOT USE INSECTICIDES DURING BLOOM.

Pollination

Pear bloom is not highly attractive to bees therefore the number of hives per hectare should be high (3-4 per hectare) and should be placed in the orchard at 25%
bloom.

CALYX
Pear Scab

Use a fungicide listed for scab under Blossom Bud Exposed to Tight Cluster.

Winter Moth and Fruit Worm

Altacor

35 WG

145-285 g

Use the higher rate under heavy pest pressure. Do not make more than 3 applications per
season. Allow for at least 10 days between applications.

Imidan

50 WP

3.75 kg

Alternative materials to the organophosphates are the synthetic pyrethroids and Dipel.

Dipel

2X DF

1.1-1.7 kg

Bioprotec

CAF

2.8-4.0 L

Best results are obtained when applied in the evening. Two applications 5-7 days apart may be
required to obtain control.

Agri-Mek
+ Superior Oil

1.9 EC
70 sec

750-1500 mL
10 L

May cause injury to dAnjou and other sensitive varieties. Do not use within 14 days of a
Captan or Maestro application. Do not exceed 2 applications or 1.5 L per ha per season. Apply
with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. Will also control mites.

Movento

240 SC

365-435 mL

Do not use more than 1.8L/ha per season. Must be tank mixed with an adjuvant. Do not apply
once fruit has formed to avoid fruit damage.

Calypso

480 SC

290-440 mL

Apply when population is at early instar stage. Use higher rate when pest pressure is high.

Nexter

WP

600-720 g

Restrict applications to no more than 2 per year for resistance management. Will also control
mites.

Assail

70 WP

67-240 g

Use the high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed a
total of 960 g of product per season.

Actara

25 WG

315-385 g

Apply immediately after petal fall. Toxic to bees. Will also control plum curculio at this time. Do
not apply more than 2 times in a growing season.

Clutch

50 WDG

280-420 g

Do not do not exceed 420 g/ha/season. Will also control green aphid. Toxic to bees and should
not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

Matador

120 EC

83 mL

Pounce

384 EC

520 mL

Ripcord

400 EC

250 mL

Decis

5.0 EC

350 mL

Pear Psylla

Calyx

Pyrethroids are disruptive to IPM programs leading to mite flare ups and therefore should be
used cautiously. Failure to control psylla with a pyrethroid may be related to resistance and if
suspected select one of the newer insecticides registered for psylla.

28

Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

Agri-Mek
+ Superior Oil

1.9 EC
70 sec

750-1500 mL
10 L

May cause injury to dAnjou and other sensitive varieties. Do not use within 14 days of a
Captan or Maestro application. Do not exceed 2 applications or 1.5 L per ha per season. Apply
with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. Will also control psylla.

Apollo

500 SC

300-600 mL

Apply within 14 days of petal fall when mite populations are predominantly in the egg stage. Will
control European red and two spotted mite but not rust mite. One application per year.

Envidor

240 SC

0.75 L

Post-bloom applications only. Do not apply more than once per year. Apply with a minimum of
1000 L of water per hectare.

Kanemite

15 SC

2.10 L

Is not effective on rust mites.

Nexter

WP

300-600 g

Use higher rates for two spotted spider mites where mite pressure is above the threshold.

European Red and

Pear Rust Mite

FIRST COVER
Pear Scab

Use a fungicide listed for scab under Scale Separation.

Pear Psylla

Same as Calyx

European Red and Pear Rust

Mite

Same as Calyx

Pear Leaf Blister Mite

Codling Moth

Sevin

XLR Plus

2.3 L

Hang pheromone traps at this time (1 trap per 2 hectares). Approximate date June 10.

COVER SPRAYS
Pear Scab

Pear Psylla

Equal/Syllit

65 WP

2.25 kg

For a missed infection period, apply 3.25 kg/ha within 36 hours of the start of infection period.
Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides.

Maestro
Supra Captan

80 DF
80 WDG

3.75 kg

Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not use on dAnjou pears.

Fontelis

SU

1 -1.5 L

Apply on a 7 to 10 day interval. Use higher rate and shorter interval when disease pressure is
high. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before switching to a fungicide of a
different grouping. Maximum yearly applications 4.5 L.

Senator
Captan

70 WP
80 WP

625 g
200 kg

Senator must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance; do not combine with alkaline
pesticides. Do not use on dAnjou pears.

Treat only when it becomes a problem, use insecticide listed under Calyx. Check days to harvest on labels.

First Cover Cover Sprays

29

Disease and Insects

Products

Formulation

Rate per ha

Notes

Envidor

240 SC

0.75 L

Post-bloom applications only. Do not apply more than once per year. Apply with a minimum of
1000 L of water per hectare.

Kanemite

15 SC

2.10 L

Is not effective on rust mites.

Kelthane

35 WP

4.5 kg

Carzol

92 SP

1.10 kg

Broad spectrum, not recommended for IPM program. Hydrolyzes rapidly in alkaline solution.

Nexter

75 WP

300-600 g

Use the high end of rate range to control high populations of twospotted spider mite. Effective
against immature stages but not eggs. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare.
For resistance management limit use to one application per season.

European Red, Two Spotted

and Rust Mite

Codling Moth

Cover Sprays

Rates can be adjusted according to trap captures (See Codling Moth Table, in Second Cover of the Apple Guide page)

Altacor

Assail

70 WP

120-240 g

Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of
product per season.

Calypso

480 FL

290-440 L

Apply at peak egg laying and prior to hatch. Use lower rate for low to moderate infestations.

Delegate

WG

420 g

Apply at 200 degree days after biofix or first egg hatch (3-6 days prior to other controls) and
possibly again in 14-21 days. Do not apply in less than 1000 L of water per hectare. Watch
newsletter for timing.

Imidan

50 WP

3.75 kg

Target at 3% egg hatch based on degree days.

145-215 g

30