Kiwalan

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
KIWALAN LIMESTONE QUARRY Project
HOLCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.Project Information
1.1 Projects Name, Location and Size
Name of Project:
Limestone Quarry Project
Location
Barangay:
Kiwalan
City:
Iligan
Province:
Lanao del Norte
Region:
APSA No.:
140-X (PLC No. V-69)
Nature of Project:
Resource Extractive Industry (Mining Project)
Size/Scale
Production/Year:
1.2 million MT/year
Total
Concentrate of
Limestone :
93.62 Million MT(Proven)
1.2 Proponent Profile

(HPMC)
Project Proponent:
Head Office:
7th Floor, Two World Square,

McKinley Hill, Fort Bonifacio,
Taguig City
Site Address:
SitoSalimbal, Kiwalan, Lanao del Norte
Contact Person:
Julius Baliog Manager - Mining, Safety,

Environment and CSR
Edgar Ayoma Quarry & Development Engineer
Contact Details
Telephone No.:
+63-632258426
Cellphone No.:
+63-908-8860889
Fax No.:
Email Address:
+63-632258302
julius.baliog@holcim.com /
edgar.ayoma@holcim.com
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1.3 EIA Report

Preparer:
Philkairos, Inc.
Address
2/F BAJ Building

P. Olivares Street, Brgy San Roque,
Antipolo City
Contact Person:
Mr. Joel A. Espineli
Contact Details
Telephone No.:
+632-5705397
Cellphone No.:
+63918-9302805
Fax No.:
Email Address
+632-7482326
admin@philkairos.com
2. Process Documentation of the Conduct of the EIA

Both primary and secondary data were considered during the conduct of the environmental
impact assessment study. Based on the standard EIA procedures, collection of secondary
data were sourced from the following agencies and offices: Baseline and socio-economic
profile of the municipality of Iligan City, province of Lanoa del Norte National Statistics
Office (NSO); Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA) climatological data; Philippine Institute of Volcanology and
Seismology (PHIVOLCS) for hazards; and Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) geological data.
2.1 Data Gathering Methods
Primary and secondary data gathering for the proposed limestone quarry comprise of
various activities as presented inTable E-1 and Table E-2.
Table E-1: Primary Data Gathering Matrix
Methodology
Source Person/s
Gathered Data
Engineering Plans, Schedule,
Clearance and Permits, Results of
Related Studies
Interview/
Consultation
Ocular Inspection
EIA Study Team
Site Inspection, Photographs of

Site
Field Survey
EIA Study Team
Impact Areas and Land Use

Patterns, Air/Water/Soil Quality
Research
EIA Study Team
Surface Water Conditions
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Methodology
Consultations
Source Person/s
LGU and community of
Barangay Kiwalan
Gathered Data
Perception of the Project
Table E-2: Secondary Data Gathering Matrix

Methodology
Agency Visited
Gathered Data
Research
National Statistics Office

(NSO)
Socio-Economic and Demographic

Profile of Iligan City, Lanao del Norte
Research
PAGASA
Climatological Normal and Extremes
Research
EMB-DENR
Existing Data for Air and Water

Quality
Research
Mines and Geosciences

Bureau
Geological Data
Research
PHIVOLCS
Hazards
2.2 Methods of Analysis

The starting point of this investigation is baseline environmental conditions established by
both primary and secondary sources. The proposed project is also described in detail, from
conceptualization to possible abandonment in later years. Against these data, potential
environmental changes are identified, using parameters recommended by the Environmental
Management Bureau (EMB) and consistently applied in environmental studies here and
abroad. Also expounded is the environmental management plan, which is jointly drawn up by
the environmental consultant and the project proponent. Where possible, measures that
would actually prevent the occurrence of adverse impacts are recommended. Where
negative effects are unavoidable, however, mitigating measures that have already been
proven in past similar projects are strongly advised.
The Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is the result of the Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) conducted for the proposed Limestone Quarry Project located at
BaranagyKiwalan, Iligan City, Province of Lanao del Norte.
2.3 The EIA Team
HOCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation, the proponent of the Project has contracted
the services of a third party environmental consultant, Philkairos, Inc. in the preparation of
the EIS. The members of the EIA team are as follows:
Page | E-3

Joel A. Espineli
Dennis S. Tojos
Maria Luisa M. Gutierrez
Felixberto H. Roquia
Alexander Aloy
Jan Julio A. Espiritu
Ana Karmela S. Miranda
MS Industrial Engineering & Management

BS Civil Engineering
MS Environmental Science
BS Geology
BS Civil Engineering
BS Environmental & Sanitary Engineering
BA English-Sociology and Anthropology
MS Art History, Philippine Art and Aesthetics
PhD Philippine Studies (Anthropology, Communication and
Community Development)
BS Biology
MS Environmental Science
Research Assistant, B.S. Chemical Engineering
Research Assistant, B.S. Nursing
2.4 EIA Study Schedule

The preparation of the EIA is consistent with the steps indicated in Revised Procedural
Manual (RPM) for DAO 2003 30. The following are the steps undertaken by the
consultants, as prescribed in the RPM:
1. EIA Study and Report Preparation
2. Submission of Draft EIS
2.1 Request for Scoping with EMB
2.2 Review Team Formation and Scheduling of Three-Level Scoping Activity
2.3 Conduct of Three-Level Scoping Activity
2.3.1 1st Level: Project Briefing Meeting with Review Team
2.3.2 2nd Level: Public Scoping with Community, and
2.3.3 3rd Level: Technical Scoping with Review Team
2.4 Final Approval of Scoping Checklist
The EIA study consists of the following activities:
Review of relevant laws, rules, regulations, pertinent guidelines and reports;
Preliminary site inspection/reconnaissance-level survey by the relevant EIA team
members;
Review of available information and identify any gaps relative to addressing the
Terms of Reference (TOR);
Design and implementation of required field studies;
Provision of baseline information;
Identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts; and
Formulation of mitigation measures, management practices and monitoring work
integrating these into an Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
The overall schedules of activities are indicated in Table E-3.
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Table E-3: Environmental Impact Statement Processing Schedule
ACTIVITIES
MONTHS
1
1. Planning with Technical Experts

2. Gathering of baseline and
secondary information
3. Interpretation and analysis
4. Public Scoping
5. EIS Report Preparation
6. EIS Review and Evaluation
7. Public Consultations
(presentation of the EIA result)
8. Issuance of ECC
2.5EIA Methodology
The methodology used in the preparation of the EIA was based on the RPM of DAO 2003
30 while the generation of both primary and secondary data, were based on the EIAR outline
(Annex 215) in the RPM.
The EIA Team followed the Participatory Impact Assessment Method (PIAM) wherein the
stakeholders were involved in the conduct of the EIA through project briefing, focused group
discussion, and formal scoping meeting.
3. Summary of Baseline Characterization
The Land
The Province of Lanao del Norte is located in the Northern Mindanao region. Its capital is
Tubod. The province borders Lanao del Sur to the southeast, Zamboanga del Sur to the
west, Illana Bay to the southwest, Iligan Bay to the north, Iligan City to the northeast, and is
separated from Misamis Occidental by Panguil Bay to the northwest.
Iligan City is bounded on the north by the 3 municipalities of Misamis Oriental (namely
Lugait, Manticao and Opol), to the south by the 3 municipalities of Lanao del Norte (Baloi,
Linamon and Tagoloan) and the 2 municipalities of Lanao del Sur (Kapai and Tagoloan II), to
the northeast by Cagayan de Oro City, to the east by the municipality of Talakag, Bukidnon;
and to the west by Iligan Bay. This is also the 2nd largest city in Northern Mindanao next to
Malaybalay City, capital of Bukidnon.
Iligan City's topography is characterized by a narrow coastal alluvial plain fronting Iligan Bay
at the foot slopes of undulating hills and mountains. Several river valleys are found in the city
with relatively steep slopes. At the mouth of Agus River, very steep slopes separate the
coast line and the highland areas. Over 12% of the city's land area has elevations of less
Page | E-5

than 100 meters above mean sea level (amsl), 21% are within 100 to 300 meters amsl, while
the remaining areas of more than 65% are with elevations of 300 meters amsl and above.
Iligan City encompasses 44 barangays with a land area of 81,337 hectares, which is about
25 percent of the total land area of Lanao del Norte and is 3.13 percent of the land area of
Central Mindanao.
Less than 30% of the total land area is alienable and disposable while the rest are either
Permanent or Productive Forests. Based on existing land use by broad category, about 37
percent of the total land area is utilized for agriculture; 56 percent is forest land; only 6.3
percent are built-up areas and the remaining 0.7 percent are mineral lands.
Natural Hazards
Based on the Distribution of Active Faults and Liquefaction Map of Region X, the proposed
project area is at least 22 kilometers from the nearest active fault, the Lanao Fault System
located west of the project area. Given the significant distance of the proposed project site
to the earthquake generators, the risk for damage from the impacts of a strong earthquake
and resulting liquefaction and/or landslide is low based in the Distribution of Active Faults
and Liquefaction Map of PHIVOLCS.
For flooding hazards, the areas with low vegetation, vast low lying areas, and relatively small
or blocked water outlets have a higher risk to flooding. While for rain induced landslides, the
areas with steeper gradients and low vegetation are at higher risk. Based on the rain
induced landslide susceptibility map, the project area has low susceptibility to rain induced
landslides.
During extreme weather events the higher elevation of the project area minimizes its risk to
flooding. The project area is not prone to floodingbased on the flood modeling of the area
based on TS Sendong
Based on the Tsunami Hazard Map of Lanao del Norte, the lower coastal areas and low
lying areas near the project site are at risk. But due to the higher elevation of the project
site, it will not be inundated in case of a tsunami.
Soil Quality
Soil sample was collected in a selected site to assess the soil quality for the proposed
Kiwalan limestone quarry project located in Barangay Kiwalan, Iligan City, Lanao del Norte.
Soil test results conform to Dutch Standard Reference Values. However, some of the
measured parameters have no specified limits in the above environmental standards as
shown in the table below.
Parameters, units
Soil
pH
Total Phosphate P, mg/Kg
Total Nitrogen, mg/Kg
Total Organic Matter, % w/w
Arsenic, mg/Kg
Cadmium, mg/Kg
7.71
402
662
3.37
0.64
<0.20
Dutch Standard Reference

Values
--------29
0.8
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Parameters, units
Chromium, mg/Kg
Lead, mg/Kg
Mercury, mg/Kg
Potassium, mg/Kg
Soil
13
<0.80
<0.10
<20
Dutch Standard Reference

Values
100
85
0.3
---
Floral Inventory
The strategies applied in the assessment of vegetation in the surveyed area were made
based on its composition and present vegetation situation. The following methods were
executed in order to attain reliable information in generating data and presentation of output
for the assessed area applied for site quarry by the HPMC. The methods were:
Reconnaissance of the defined area applied for quarry;
Listing the plants species present in the vicinity of the surveyed area;
Collection of leaf sample with photo collections as well; and
Careful identification of plant species spotted and present in the site having the assist
of professionals in the line of forestry profession.
Five (5) vegetation plots were chosen and surveyed from 8 to 10 September 2012. Site
selection for vegetation sampling was based on the type of habitat type and landscape
characteristic. All woody plants measuring 1cm or more in diameter were counted and
identified up to species level as much as possible. Ground species such as weeds, grasses
and shrubs that were commonly observed opportunistically were also recorded.
A total of 46 individual species comprise the plant species observed in the study area.
Twenty five species were accounted during plot sampling while the remainder out of
opportunistic observations. Since it is a limestone forest, endemism is observed through
hambabalud, although some invasive plant species can still thrive therein like the ipil-ipil.
Most of the species were indigenous which means that they could be found elsewhere in
Southeast Asia (Flora Malesiana).
Four tree species were considered to have threatened status (IUCN 2012): KahoydalagaMussaenda.
Philippica(Endangered),
narraPterocarpusindicus
(Vulnerable),
molaveVitexparviflora(Endangered)
andanislagSecurinegafIexuosa(Vulnerable).
These
species were however seen rarely in the vegetation survey plots and vicinity and their
occurrence were probably transplanted and did not establish in the site out of natural
ecological succession. Majority of trees present were orchard fruiting trees such as nangka,
santol and kaimito which mean that the area has been previously encroached and were
utilized as plantation areas.
Faunal Inventory
Site 1 (centered at 817'59.06"N, 12416'44.18"E; transect elevation range 150-200 meters)
was Kiwalan-Dalipuga area covered orchard,coconut plantation areas adjacent to
settlements, scrub type vegetation and a large patch of bamboo thickets.
was an open type habitat situated in previously quarry sites. Vegetations were basically
open grassland with some sections replanted with exotic trees such as mahogany, gmelina
and mangium trees.
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was located in SitioLikub and followed a foot trail covering areas of open scrub, shifting
agriculture and early secondary growth. There were patches of closed canopy vegetation
confined in ravines and steep areas.
A total of 30 species of birds were recorded from transect counts, opportunistic observations
and mist netting efforts. The bird profile consisted of 76.7% resident breeding birds, 20%
endemic while 3% were migratory species. Resident species are those that have wide
biogeographic distributions (e.g. found all throughout Southeast Asia) while endemic species
are those that confined to one or several islands of the Philippines. All species were
observed during systematic transect counts except the Grass Owl and Reddish-cuckoo
Dove which were spotted at duskfall. The general bird community was basically composed
of species that inhabit open areas to forest-edge and secondary growth habitats (Kennedy et
al. 2000).
A total of five (5) species of bats were accounted out of mist netting efforts from all areas (50
nets-hours). Four species belong to fruit bats Family Pteropodidae namely the Short-nosed
Fruit Bat Cynopterusbrachyotis, Musky Fruit Bat Ptenochirusjagori, Common
rousetteRousettusamplexicaudatus
and
the
Dagger-toothed
Flower
Bat
Macroglossusminimus while an insectivore Family Vespertilionidae (evening bats) Lesser
Asian house bat Scotophiluskuhlii. The fruit bats were netted in all areas while the
insectivorous bat was captured in an open area with a lagoon near Site 2.
The Water
There are twenty (20) watershed areas identified within the province of Lanao del Norte with
a total area of 283,089 hectares. The Agus River Basin, one of the major river basins drains
an area of 1,645 square kilometers emptying in Iligan Bay through Iligan City. Maranding
Watershed covers the municipalities of Kapatagan, Lala, Salvador, Magsaysay, Sapad,
Nunungan, Sultan Naga Dimaporo and Tangkal.Mandulog Watershed is the largest among
the provinces watersheds. It flows in the northwest direction. It encompasses most of the
river systems that stretch throughout the different parts of Iligan which all empties in Iligan
Bay.Liangan Watershed also flows in the northwest direction with sources including the
municipalities of Munai, Tangkal, PantaoRagat and Bacolod through the Liangan and
Lacongan Rivers. It empties into Panguil Bay by way of Bacolod and Maigo municipalities.
In relevance to the project site, there were no major rivers or streams within the proposed
new limestone quarry area in BarangayKiwalan, however there were small creek tributaries
in steep ravines of SitioLikub. The creek was minor but locals said it swells during rainy
periods.
Water Quality Baseline
The samplings were conducted to assess the quality of surface water in selected sites for
the proposed Kiwalan limestone quarry project.
Surface water samples were taken from coastal water at SitioTagibo and spring water at
SitioKalibohon, Barangay Dalipuga. This barangay is located near Barangay Kiwalan, Iligan
City, Lanao del Norte. The test results of coastal water were evaluated based on the
standards set in the Department of Environment and Natural Resources Administrative
Order (DAO) No. 34: Revised Water Usage and Classification for Class SD water. Test
results for spring water were compared to Philippines National Standards for Drinking Water
(PNSDW 2007).
Page | E-8

The following tables show the summaries of test results for surface waters.
Summary of Test Results for Coastal Water Sample
Parameters, units
Coastal Water
DAO No. 34, Class SD
pH (onsite @ 27.9 C
8.59
6.0-9.0
Biological Oxygen Demand,
1.0
--mg/L
Chemical Oxygen Demand,
197
--mg/L
TSS, mg/L
40
Not more than 60 mg/L
increase
Oil and Grease, mg/L
0.41
5
Dissolved Oxygen, mg/L
7.5
2.0 minimum
Arsenic, mg/L
<0.01
--Cadmium, mg/L
<0.01
--Chromium, mg/L
<0.03
--Lead, mg/L
<0.04
--Mercury, mg/L
<0.0001
--Based on the above results, measured parameters for coastal water that have
corresponding DAO No. 34, Class SD standards are conforming. However, some of these
measured parameters have no corresponding limit in the said regulation.
Summary of Test Results for Spring Water Sample
Parameters, units
Spring Water
PNSDW
Total Coliforms, MPN/100mL
>23
<1.1
Fecal
Coliforms,
>23
<1.1
MPN/100mL
Spring Water results for total coliforms do not conform to the PNSDW limits. Coliform
bacteria are organisms that are naturally present in the environment such as in soil and
vegetation and in feces of all warm-blooded animals. Fecal coliforms are considered a more
accurate indication of human or animal waste contamination in drinking water. Coliform
bacteria in drinking water indicate that it is non-potable and not intended for human
consumption without employing the necessary treatment.
Freshwater Ecology
Plankton sampling was conducted in two stations on a creek situated in SitioLikub,
BarangayKiwalan. Sampling stations Upper-stream centered 818'21.69"N, 12416'57.24"E,
284 meters elevation) and Lower-stream (centered 818'26.54"N, 12416'32.21"E, 148
meters elevation) with two replicates were collected and established. Field collection was
horizontal sampling using a standard plankton net (mesh size = 20).
Zooplankton density and abundance were obtained by sub-sampling of a known volume of
sample (2 ml) and were counted in a gridded petri dish using a dissecting stereoscope. Each
taxa identified and quantified (individuals per cubic meter).
Three species of phytoplankton, primarily diatom forms from two families were identified.
The diatom Rhizosolenia sp., was the most abundant in all stations with a total of 278
individuals while the other forms had very low occurrences (<10).
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In terms of zooplankton profile, there were 14 species identified in all sampling stations. The
list belongs to one major phylum: Arthropods (15 sp.) with Class Insecta as the most diverse
and abundant group, specifically from the Order: Diptera Family: Chironomidae.
Six (6) species of bottom invertebrates were sorted and identified. The most abundant group
were polychaetes(worms) and small aquatic insects that inhabit the bottom of the shallow
creek. It appears that all dominant groups were most dense in the downstream of the river.
Apparently, like the phytoplankton group the density of bottom fauna maybe correlated with
nutrients as the lower areas were most in affinity with human habitations-waste. In terms of
species abundance the oligochaetes (worms) and the dipteran (bug) Chironomous sp.make
up the bulk of the bottom fauna.
The Air
Iligan City falls within the third type of climate based on the Modified Coronas Climate
Classification wherein the seasons are not very pronounced. Rain is more or less evenly
distributed throughout the year. Because of its tropical location the city does not experience
cold weather. Neither does it experience strong weather disturbances due to its geographical
location (being outside the typhoon belt) nor also because of the mountains that are
surrounding the city.
Rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year, averaging 139.79 mm per month for the
past twenty years. The maximum amount of rainfall in the city was recorded at 181 mm
when the area was devastated by TS Sendong in 2011.
Heavy rains usually occur in the months of January, February, June, September and
December. Lowest rainfall recorded is in the month of April. Annual average temperature is
27.4C.
Air Quality Baseline
Summary of sampling results for ambient air and noise monitoring were tabulated and are
shown in the succeeding tables.
Observed 1-hour Ambient Air Concentrations in comparison with the
NAAQS/NAAQGSCP
Station I.D.
A1
Location
Date and Time

TSP
of Sampling
(g/Ncm)
SitioKalubi November 13,
hon, Brgy. 2012
112.9
Dalipuga
1630H 1730H
1809H 1909H
DENR Standard (NAAQS, NAAQGCP)
300
SO2
(g/Ncm)
NO2
(g/Ncm)
PM10
(g/Ncm)
ND
ND
0.5
340
260
200
ND = Not Detected
Observed 1-hour
NAAQS/NAAQGCP
Station
I.D.
Ambient
Location
Air
Concentrations
Date and Time

of Sampling
in
comparison
Sb
(g/Ncm)
with
Cd
(g/Ncm)
the
As
(g/Ncm)
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Station
I.D.
Location
Date and Time

Sb
of Sampling
(g/Ncm)
SitioKalubihon,
Brgy. November 13,
A1
Dalipuga
2012
ND
1735H 1805H
DENR Standard (NAAQS, NAAQGCP)
20
Cd
(g/Ncm)
As
(g/Ncm)
ND
ND
10
20
ND = Not Detected
The above tables present the results of sampling and analysis conducted from the one (1)
sampling location in comparison with the NAAQS prescribed limit under Republic Act 8749
(Clean Air Act) Implementing Rules and Regulations. SO2, NO2 and heavy metals were not
detected while TSP and PM10 had concentration values of 112.9g/Ncm and 60.5g/Ncm
respectively. Based on the measurement conducted, all results of TSP, PM10, Metals, NO2
and SO2 are complying with the set applicable standards prescribed in Philippine Clean Air
Act.
Observed Noise Level Propagation in Decibels dB(A) at four (4) sampling locations
Station
No.
A1
Location
SitioKalubihon, Brgy. Dalipuga
Noise Level
dB(A)
52.2
DENR Standard Maximum

Allowable Noise Level,
dB(A)***
55
*** Class A (Residential Area, Daytime)
The table above presents the result of noise level monitoring recorded in decibels dB(A).
The result is compared with DENR Ambient Noise Quality Standards Sec. 78 Chapter IV,
Article 1 of National Pollution Control Commission (NPCC) Rules and Regulations, 1978
standard limits for Class A (Residential Area) for daytime category.
Based on
measurement conducted, the station is complying with the set limit.
The People
The City of Iligan is located in the Northern coast of Mindanao facing Iligan Bay, bounded in
the north by the province of Misamis Oriental, in the east by the provinces of Bukidnon and
Lanao del Sur and in the south by the province of Lanao del Norte. It is approximately 795
kilometers southeast from Metro Manila. Geographical grid coordinates are 81356 north
latitude and 1241354" east longitude.
The city has its beginnings in the village of Bayug, 2.5 kilometers north of the present
Poblacion. It was the earliest pre-Spanish settlement of cultural communities of sea
dwellers, known as Maragats. In the later part of the 16th century, they were subdued by the
Visayan migrants from the island kingdom of Panglao. These migrants, led by Pedro
Manuel Manook established Bayug as the earliest Christian settlement in the area sometime
between 1597 and 1609.
Population growth and safety eventually forced the settlers to move to safer and better forts.
One was built in 1632 and another in 1872. Both became the sites of the present Poblacion.
From being merely a small district in the area of Mindanao and Sulu, in 1903, it grew into a
municipality within the unified province of Lanao. On June 16, 1950, it became a chartered
city by virtue of Republic Act 525 signed into by the then President ElpidioQuirino.
When Iligan became a city in 1950, its population was approximately 30,000. As of 2009,
there are about 314,673 people residing in the city.
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Industrialization in the 1960s caused the population to increase at the rate of 7.48 percent,
the highest since Iligan became a city. Since that time on up to 1995, the citys population
kept on increasing at a relatively high rate. Less than one percent rate, 0.93 percent, was
only experienced in year 2000. The Asian economic crisis that started in 1998 has affected
the city, especially the industries, that resulted to job loss and people leaving the city. Seven
(7) years later, IliganCity achieved a population growth rate of 1.07 percent.
Urban population in Iligan City increased by 2,941 percent in 2007
over the 1970 figure of 8,989. Rural population increase was only from 1970 to 1990 with a
64.23 percent increase. The following censal years showed that people from the rural areas
had been moving to the urban. Urban-rural population distribution in 1970 was 1:9 and in
2007 was 606:1.
The 2007 Labor Profile of the National Statistics Office in Iligan City showed that 200,619
persons or 65.41 percent of the total population were in the labor force. Majority of those or
50.92 percent were females and 49.08 percent males. Those who were productive or
employed, aging 15 to 64 years old, numbered 190,374 or 62.07 of the total population. This
means that there are 61 dependents per 100 persons in the working-age population.
It shows that 18,562 families have an average annual income of P15,793 to P54,201.
Poverty threshold was P50,165 annually for a family of 5. This is more or less reflective of
the poverty situation in IliganCity in 2003. According to the survey on City and Municipal
Level Poverty Estimates conducted by the National Statistical Coordination Board in
cooperation with the World Bank, 28.78 percent of the population (or 79,999 persons or
16,000 households) are below poverty level.
The Poor families, as shown, generally spend more than they earn. It is only in the income
classes of P60,000 to P500,000 and over where earnings exceed expenditures.
4. Summary of Impact Assessment and Environmental Management Plan

Impacts on Land
Identified potential site impacts due to climate change are as follows:
Risk of structural failures;
Impacts on quarry infrastructures ; and
Erosion, landslides and flooding of quarry site.
To minimize the said impact, the following were considered in the design and operation of
the proposed project:
Upgrading of road drainage systems (incorporation of climate change projection in
the design);
Increases in the standard for various existing and new infrastructures;
Adoption of modular construction techniques where infrastructure is in danger of
failure;
Combination of hard and soft engineering measures which would include intensified
tree planting activity in coordination with local officials (to include erosion prone
areas); and
Addition of slope retention structures and retaining facilities for landslides.
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Site clearing upon operation would cause loss of vegetation cover in the project site. The
impact will be minimal because the site was generally a grassland area. Although there were
some cash crops like banana on some cultivated parts of the site applied for quarry, there
will be NO conflicts at all since the company tolerated former inhabitants to maintain some
cultivated parts of the area while they were still applying for site quarry. The disturbed
condition of the vegetative feature in the area already existed before as quarry site which
made it less considerable in terms of vegetation loss.
A little form of disturbance on the people in the adjacent community will be observed since
the gateway to the site has a community of inhabitants. Dust particles generated during
operation may affect the productivity of sensitive plants. However, this will be temporary in
nature. And knowing that the main crops of the adjacent communities were coconut, effect
will be assured minimal.
Several direct and indirect impacts towards local wildlife and freshwater communities in the
area are projected:
Loss of vegetation and habitat from clearing of the remaining sparse secondary
growth in steep areas. This disturbance will have a chronic effect of decreased levels
of diversity indices.
Increase in noise and general disturbance from quarrying activities would directly
affect aural species especially birds that communicate through vocalizations.
Direct mortality and displacement of small, less mobile animals such as rodents
resulting from project activities.
Influx of alien/invasive species resulting to replacement and local extermination of
native species. Some potentially invasive species are already present in the area like
the rodent Rattustanezumi which have been the only species caught in trap lines.
To mitigate further loss of biodiversity should the project push through, the project
proponents must ensure that they restore the sites damaged by their activities. Reforestation
efforts have to be undertaken in areas that will not be primarily impacted by the quarry
operations, and it is imperative that indigenous species are utilized. We also recommend
that the tree species that are vulnerable and endangered that occur in the area be earthballed and replanted in a suitable location, like a nearby watershed or nature park. In
addition, wildlings (seedlings and saplings) of native tree species should also be saved and
replanted in areas where they can be cared for and allowed to grow and mature.
The quarry activities should also ensure that heavy metals do not leak and pollute the soils
around the sites, especially the mangrove areas. Sedimentation should also be prevented so
as not to allow the sediment deposits to bury the root structures of the mangrove species,
which need to be exposed to the air for respiration.
Below are the primary mitigating schemes that is highly recommended for the minimization
of project impacts towards wildlife:
Terrain management stabilization, establish linings of trees along the road.

Minimize use of noisy equipment or highly defective machinery; it is recommended
that intense noise-creating activities controlled during early mornings from 0500-0800
hours where most of the birds are vocalizing during their feeding and socializing.
Page | E-13

Replanting, translocation of notable vegetative habitats for wildlife, establishment of

reforestation areas. Re-greening should also be sustained until up to abandonment
phase while making sure that these planted areas would develop into viable habitats
for various species of plant and wildlife.
Prohibition of hunting-poaching wild animals, limit use of open camp fires.
Buffer habitats patrolling and checking the perimeter for unwanted activities towards
wildlife.
To check how the vegetation responds to changes and disturbances caused by the mining
operations, the area should be monitored on a yearly basis by employing transect methods
to measure, count and identify the plant species that thrive or survive in the areas. Both the
quantity (abundance, size, species richness etc.) and quality (endemism, economic
importance, etc.) aspects of the species should be monitored.
Furthermore, the areas that are going to be reforested, as well as the trees that will be balled
and wildlings that will be replanted, should be given due attention by employing foresters
and/or environmental officers. This is to make sure that the trees survive and reach maturity.
Impacts on Water
Potential water quality impacts include surface and ground water contamination due to spills
and/or leaks of hazardous waste and/or chemicals from explosives, erosion and siltation,
loss of productivity and poor water quality.
Proper planning, design and operation shall be observed in case of rainwater collection/
harvesting, as the structural integrity of water reservoir/ collecting pond could be in danger in
case of intense rainfall. Generated data (as well as from PAGASA) on rainfall (event and
intensity) shall be used during the operation stage (whether to allow or divert flow of
rainwater from collecting pond).
Several direct and indirect impacts towards freshwater communities in the area are
projected:
Excessive runoff during heavy precipitation periods may become a periodic

disturbance to creek fauna. Runoff will likely increase in duration and volume as
more intact substrate areas will be excavated out of quarry activities.
Sedimentation out of quarry material will likely end up in tributaries and poses a
significant ecological problem to the survival of planktonic forms as well as high
oxygen demanding freshwater invertebrates.
Below are the primary mitigating schemes that is highly recommended for the minimization
of project impacts towards freshwater communities:
Buffer habitats patrolling and checking the perimeter for unwanted activities towards
wildlife and creek habitats.
Sufficient location, design and number of silt traps/settling ponds around active and
abandoned quarry sites to lessen turbidity factor in freshwater tributaries (creek).
Page | E-14

Impacts on Air
The blasting operation would result in the release of air pollutants in the area. Increased in
the particulate matter (PM), SO2 and noise levels in the area could be a nuisance in the
immediate area of the project site.
To mitigate or minimize the impact, the work area (quarry site) shall be limited to 8am to 5
pm to limit the time where noise and air pollution are generated. Blasting operations should
be planned and scheduled ahead of time and should be at least 1 kilometer away from the
nearest community.Furthermore, it should be done in a fine weather. Transport of shale and
other materials shall be provided with cover to prevent the fine materials from being air
borne. Roads used for the transport of materials shall be sprayed with water during dry
season. Water tanker trucks with spray (perforated pipes) shall be utilized for the purpose.
The generator sets shall be properly operated and maintained to maintain efficient
combustion. It shall be provided with mufflers/silencer with its tips (exhaust) pointed in the
direction away from the nearest residential area. Proper foundation and enclosures would
further minimize noise from its operation. Most importantly, the company will employ a
reforestation program for the project area.
Impacts on People
Information collected from the consultation and perception survey show that the community
has one concern:
Perceived fears of environmental destruction or degradation of land, air, water

resources, and health risks;
Considering these, the Indicative Social Development Plan discussed in later chapters is
formulated to assure DENR/EMB/MGB that the proponent is capable of mitigating the major
impacts, which includes health and safety programs, environmental preservation, and
alternatives to livelihood programs of the affected communities. The proponent is committed
to establish strategic partnerships with all concerned stakeholders particularly the local
government units, non-government organizations, and people organizations.There will be
financial allocations for approved plans/programs such as the Social Development and
Management Plan, Environmental Protection and Enhancement Program and Final
Rehabilitation and Decommissioning Plan.
5. Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMoP)
Upon issuance of the ECC and cognizant of the need to ensure just and timely
compensation for damages and progressive and sustainable rehabilitation for any adverse
effect a mining operation or activity may cause, the proponent shall immediately initiate the
establishment of an environmental guarantee fund mechanism to be known collectively as
the Contingent Liability and Rehabilitation Fund (CLRF). The CLRF shall be in the form of
the Mine Rehabilitation Fund (MRF), the Mine Wastes and Tailing (MWT) Fees and the Final
Mine Rehabilitation and Decommissioning Fund (FMRDF) and shall be administered by the
CLRF Steering Committee.
Page | E-15

On the other hand, the Final Mine Rehabilitation and Decommissioning Fund (FMRDF) shall
be established to ensure that the full cost of the approved Final Mine
Rehabilitation/Decommissioning Plan (FMR/DP) is accrued before the end of the operating
life of the mine. The FMRDF shall be deposited as a trust fund in a Government depository
bank and shall be used solely for the implementation of the approved FMR/DP.
The MRF shall be established and maintained by the proponent as a reasonable
environmental deposit to ensure availability of funds for the satisfactory compliance with the
commitments and performance of the activities stipulated in the Environmental Protection
and Enhancement Program (EPEP) / Annual EPEP (AEPEP) during specific project phase.
The MRF shall be deposited as a Trust Fund in a Government depository bank and shall be
used for physical and social rehabilitation of areas and communities affected by mining
activities and for research on the social, technical and preventive aspects of rehabilitation.
The MRF shall be in two forms, namely:
a. Monitoring Trust Fund (MTF). This Fund shall be initiated by the Proponent and shall be
deposited in a mutually acceptable Government depository bank for the exclusive use in the
monitoring program approved by the MRF Committee.
The MTF shall be in cash to cover maintenance and other operating budget for the
transportation and travel expenses, cost of laboratory analysis, cost of supplies and
materials, cost of communication services, cost of consultancy work and other reasonable
expenses incurred by the monitoring team.
b. Rehabilitation Cash Fund. The Proponent will set up a Rehabilitation Cash Fund (RCF) for
a designated amount to ensure compliance with the approved rehabilitation activities and
schedules, including research programs, as defined in the EPEP/AEPEP.
Additionally, the Environmental Trust Fund (ETF) shall be established by the proponent but
such amount shall be determined by the Mine Rehabilitation Fund Committee (MRFC) to
cover for cost or related expenses not covered by the MWT Reserve Fund.
As stipulated in DAO 96-37, a Multi-Partite Monitoring Team (MMT) must be formed
immediately after the issuance of the Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC). The
main goal of the MMT is to monitor the Proponents compliance to the ECC conditions, the
Environmental Management Plan (EMP), and other applicable laws, rules, and regulations.
During the implementation of the FMR/DP, the HPMC Closure Team will oversee the
implementation of the maintenance and monitoring plans. It will be guided by the closure
criteria and performance standards discussed in the previous paragraphs. The
environmental, community relations, safety and health personnel of HPMC will spearhead
the maintenance and monitoring.
This will be in addition to the monitoring and/or audit conducted by the Mine Rehabilitation
Fund Committee (MRFC) through the Multi-partite Monitoring Team (MMT) and the
Contingent Liability Rehabilitation Fund Steering Committee and the Mines and Geosciences
Bureau (MGB).
At the end of the FMR/DP implementation and based on the assessment of HPMC that the
objectives of project closure, as contained in the approved FMR/DP have been achieved,
HPMC will prepare and submit a Final Rehabilitation Report with third party Environmental
Audit (FRR with EA) for pre-evaluation by the MRF Committee and final approval by the
CLRF Steering Committee.
Page | E-16

The long term management and maintenance of project site will be passed to the
Government after the issuance of Certificate of Final Relinquishment.
Page | E-17

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

KIWALAN LIMESTONE QUARRY Project

HOLCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation

Limestone Quarry Project

Lanao del Norte

140-X (PLC No. V-69)

Resource Extractive Industry (Mining Project)

1.2 million MT/year

93.62 Million MT(Proven)

1.2 Proponent Profile

7th Floor, Two World Square,

SitoSalimbal, Kiwalan, Lanao del Norte

Julius Baliog Manager - Mining, Safety,

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

HOLCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation

1.3 EIA Report

2/F BAJ Building

Mr. Joel A. Espineli

2. Process Documentation of the Conduct of the EIA

EIA Study Team

Site Inspection, Photographs of

EIA Study Team

Impact Areas and Land Use

EIA Study Team

Surface Water Conditions

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

HOLCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation

Perception of the Project

Table E-2: Secondary Data Gathering Matrix

National Statistics Office

Socio-Economic and Demographic

Climatological Normal and Extremes

Existing Data for Air and Water

Mines and Geosciences

2.2 Methods of Analysis

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

HOLCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation

MS Industrial Engineering & Management

2.4 EIA Study Schedule

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

HOLCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation

Table E-3: Environmental Impact Statement Processing Schedule

1. Planning with Technical Experts

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

HOLCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation

Dutch Standard Reference

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

HOLCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation

Dutch Standard Reference

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

HOLCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation

Site 3 (centered at 818'16.79"N, 12416'58.11"E; transect elevation range 305-380 meters)

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

HOLCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

HOLCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation

Date and Time

DENR Standard (NAAQS, NAAQGCP)

Date and Time

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

HOLCIM Philippines Manufacturing Corporation

Date and Time

SitioKalubihon, Brgy. Dalipuga