=0

Im

i=o

:r^

the pResence of this Book

in

thej.m. kelly liBRaRV

has Been mae possiBle
thROuqh the qeneROSitv
of

Stephen

B.

Roman

From the Library of Daniel Binchy

AURAICEPT NA N-ECES
THE SCHOLARS' PRIMER

AURAICEPT NA N-ECES
THE SCHOLARS' PRIMER
BEING THE TEXTS OF THE OGHAM TRACT FROM THE
BOOK OF BALLVMOTE AND THE VELLOW BOOK OF
LECAN, AND THE TEXT OF THE TREFHOCUL
FROM THE BOOK OF LEINSTER

EDITEU FROM

EIGIT

MANUSCRIPTS, WITII INTRODUCTION, TRANSLATION

OF THE BALLVMOTE TEXT, NOTES, AND INDICES

GEORGE CALDER,

B.D.

University of Glasgow

Lectiirer in Celtic,

EDINBURGH: JOHN GRANT

31

GEORGE

IV.

1917

BRIDGE

A CHUM GLOIRE DHE

AGUS

MAR CHUIMHNEACHAN AIR MO BHRTHAIR

lAIN
NACH MAIREANN

NOTUS

IN

FRATRES ANIMI l'ATERNI

PREFACE
The appearance of the Auraicept at the present tFie,
however nopportune, is necessary, because long overdue.
Recent events have exercised, it is to be fearf.d, an
adverse influence at least temporarily on Celtic studles, and
to

my

deep regret

curtail

this

assisted

or

me

But

preface.

Mr

beg of

my

heartfelt

thanks.

Egerton MS., to

help in deciphering

some

from

Lindsay
his

difficult

Mr W.

words

in

for friendly criticism, chiefly

of

edition

MacFarlane

am

the

for

the

Origines,

and

Every

facility

the

MSS.,

me
for
^co

on the extracts
to

Mr Malcolm

labour of verifying the references of

some

errors.

has been given by the Lbrarians of the

Glasgow and

of

Purton

J.

the Indices to the Text, and for pointing out

Universities

specially

E. C. Quiggin for his kindness in giving

his transcript of the

Prof,

who have

friends

all

undertaking, whether by encouragement

in this

advice, to accept

indebted to

myself constrained matrially to

find

Library, the Royal

Irish

Edinbugh, the

Advocates'

Acadcmy, and Trinity

College,

Dublin.

The Carnegie Trust has generously borne

part

of the

expense of publication.
i

Glasgow,
November

1916.

G. C.

CONTENTS
MSS. Transcribed or Collated

....

AUTHORITIES REFERRED TO OR QUOTED

INTRODUCTION
I.

II.

.....
.....
.......

Text with Translation

Text Untranslated

xiii

XV
xix
2

.171

Trefhocul with Examples

258

De Duilib Feda

270

Ogam.

Prologue and Examples, with Translation

Photographs of Ogham Alphabets, with Transcript

OF the Interlinear Explanations and Translation
thereof
Glossarial Index

.......
.......
.

INDEX OF PlACES, TRIBES, AND NaTIONS

INDEX OF PeRSONS

272

300

.315

362
368

MSS.

TRANSCRIBED OR COLLATED
FiRST Familv (Short Text).

BB., B.

M.,

Book

of Ballymote (308

E.

MS.

L.

Bool of Lecan, R.I.A.

HM.

I.,

Book

/3

44-333) I4th century, R. I.A.

Advocates' Library, Edinburgh.

of

Hy Maine
L

B, E,

(Trefhocul, with examples), R.I.A.

contain the mnemonic poem but not the

Trefhocul,

Second Familv (Long

YBL.
Eg.

T.

Text).

Vellow Book of Lecan (219 a 23-241

(3

T.C.D.

13).

Egerton, 88 (63 i b 26-76 i a 41), British Museum.

YBL, Eg. do not contain the mnemonic poem or
the Trefhocul.
H.4.22 (pp.

159-207) T.C.D.

between the

first

This MS.

and the second

is

intermediate

family.

It

does

not contain either the Trefhocul or the mnemonic

poem, but it has a poem of about 200 verses on early
Bible history.

LL.

xii.

Ed.

MS.

century, T.C.D.

The Tref hocul

with examples.

1-39, Advocates' Library, the beginning of

a glossary of the Auraicept which closely resembles
vii.

II

the Lecan glossary.

xiii

AUTHORITIES REFERRED TO OR
QUOTED.
A.U.

The Annals
1887

Acall.

of Ulster, vol.

vol.

ii.,

ed.

i.,

Hennessy, Dublin,

ed.

MacCarthy.

Acallamh na Senrach,

ed.

Stolces,

Irische Texte

iv.,

Leipzig, 1900.

ALIL

Ir.

Dicht.

Uber

die

lteste

Irische

Dichtung, ed.

Meyer,

K.

SPA., 1913.

Mn.

The

Aisl.

Aislinge Meic Conglinne, ed. K. Meyer, London, 1892.

Anec.

Arch. C. P.

Irish

^neid,

Anecdota from
Archiv

fiir

Irish

Texts Society, London, 1907.

Irish Manuscripts, Dublin, 1907-12.

Celtische Lexikographie.

Ascoli.

Glossarium Palaeohibernicum, Archivio Glottologico

Arms.

Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, ed. Armstrong,

italiano, vol. vi.

1825.

Beatha

Col.

Beatha Colmin maic Lachin, ed. K. Meyer, Dublin,

15B.

(With Roman numeral) Beitrge zur Kunde der idg.

Sprachen, herausgegben von Bezzenberger u.

1911.

Prellwitz.

C.

Cath Riiis R.

CC.
Cir An.
Cor.'

Cor. Tr.

K. Meyer's Contributions to Irish Lexicography.

Cath Ruis na Rgh,

ed.

Hogan, Dublin,

1892.

In Cath Catharda, ed. Stolces, Irische Texte

Cir

Anmann,

Anecdotafrom
Cormac's

ed. Stokes, Irische

Texte

Irish Manuscripts, vol.

Glossary,

translated

by

iv.,

iv.

iii.

Dublin, 1912.

O'Donovan,

ed.

Stokes, Calcutta, 1868.

CZ.

Zeitschrift

fiir

Celtische Philologie,

Death Tales of the Ulster Heroes,

Din.

An

Irish-English

ed. K.

Meyer, Dublin, 1906.

Dictionary,

ed.

P.

S.

Dineen,

Dublin, 1904.

Donl.

Ducange.

GIossary to DonIevy's Catechism, Arch. C.

Glossarium Mediae et Infimae Latinitatis.

P.

ii.,

i.

AUTHORITIES REFERRED TO OR OUOTED

xv

Ed. Dinds.
riu.

The Edinburgh Dindsenchas, ed. Stokes, 1893.

The Journal of the School of Irish Learning, Dublin.

Fel}

Flire Oengusso, ed. Stolces, Dublin, 1880.

FeU-

id.

Fian.

FM.
Goid?
Gor.
Gr. Lat.

HB.

Henry Bradshaw

Society, 1905.

Fianaigecht, ed. K. Meyer, Dublin, 1910.

The Annals
Dubhn,

Four Masters,

of the
1848, 185

O'Donovan,

ed.

1.

Old and Early Middle-Irish Glosses, Prose

and Verse, ed. Stokes, London, 1872.
Martyrology of Gorman, ed. Stokes, London, 1895.

Goidelica,

Grammatici

Latini,

i.-viii.,

ed. Keil.

Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, ed. Macdonald,

Herne Bay,

1902.

H.

3.

18.

A MS.

in the

Library of Trinity College, Dublin.

H.

4.

18.

in the

Library of Trinity CoUege, Dublin.

Hib. Min.

Hog.
Hy.

HSD.

MS.

Hibernica Minora, ed. K. Meyer, Oxford, 1894.

Names of Herbs, Plants, and Trees,

The Irish Hymns in TP. ii. or Ir. T.
The Highland Society's Dictionary of

Gaelic

ed.

Hogan.

the

Gaelic

i.

Language.

Hail

Brigit.
Ir.

Ep.

Ed. K. Meyer, Dublin,

London,
Ir.

Keat.

Irish Metrics, ed. K.

Ir. T.

Irische Texte, edd.

Hist..,

K.

Lavvs.

2.

897-1907.

Metr.

I.T.S.

191

Studies in Irish Epigraphy, ed. R. A. S. Macalister,

Irish Texts Society,

Irish

Texts Society,

Ancient Laws

Meyer, Dublin, 1909.

Windisch and Stokes,

Leipzig.

London.
vols.

iv., viii., ix.,

of Ireland, vol.

vi.,

xv.,

London.

Glossary to

vol. i.-v.,

Celtische

Lexiko-

ed. Atkinson, Dublin, 1901.

Lec.

The Lecan
graphie,

Lism.
Lor. Gild.

LL.

LU.
MacNeill.

glosses,

Archiv

fiir

i.

Lives of Saints from the

Oxford, 1890.

Book

of Lismore, ed. Stokes,

The

Lorica of Gildas, Stokes' Irish Glosses,

Dublin, 1860.

p.

136,

Facsimile of the Book of Leinster, Dublin, 1880.

Facsimile of the Leabhar na hUidhre, Dublin, 1870.

Notes on Irish

Ogham

Inscriptions, ed.

John MacNeill,

Dublin, 1909.

Maro.

Virgilius
1886.

Maro Grammaticus,

ed.

Huemer, Leipsig,

AUTHORITIES REFERRED TO OR OUOTED

M'B.

xvii

Etymological Dictionarv of the Gaelic Language, ed.

MacBain.

Med.

Three

Gl.

Irish

Medical Glossaries, Archiv

Lexilographie,

MR.

Cath Muige Rath,

MS. Matt.

Celtische

MS.

1842.

Materials, Dublin, 1872.

Metrical glosses, Bezzenberger, Beitrge, xix.

The Metrical Dindsenchas, ed. Gwynn, Dublin.

The Milan glosses on the Psalms, TP. i.

Metr. Dinds.

Ml.
O'Br.

O'Brien's Irish-English Dictionary, Dublin, 1832.

O'C. Lect.

0'Curry's Lectures on the

the Ancient Irish, 1873.

Manners and Customs

O'Cl.

0'Clery's Irish Glossary,

Revue

O'D.

O'Donovan's supplement

to 0'Reilly's Dictionary.

O'D. Gr.

A Grammar

O'Donovan's

O'Dav.

ii.

Celtique,

O'Mulc.

0'Mulconry's glossary, Archiv

Onn., Onom.

Onomasticon Goedelicum,

O'R.

iv., v.

Celtische

fiir

Lexiko-

3, 4.

Grammatica Latino-Hibernica, Romae,

0'Molloy Gr.

of

of the Irish Language, 1845.

O'Davoren's glossary, Archiv

graphie,

On..,

O'Donovan, Dublin,

ed.

0'Curry's Lectures on the

Metr.

fiir

i.

ed.

1677.

Celt. Lexilcographie,

fiir

Hogan, Dublin,

1910.

0'Reilly's Irish-English Dictionary.

Origg.

Hispalensis

Isidori

Originum
Ped. Gr.

Episcopi

Etymologiarum

Libri, xx., ed. Lindsay, Oxford, 191

sive
1.

Pedersen's Vergleichende Grammatilc der Reltischen

Sprachen, Gttingen, 1913.

Petrie R. T.

Ecclesiastical Architecture of Ireland, ed. Petrie, 1845.

PH.

Passions and Homilies from the Leabar Breac, ed.

Atliinson, Dublin, 1887.

Sanct.

Vitae Sanctorum Hiberniae, ed. Plummer, Oxon., 1910.

Pl.

Vit.

Peter O'Connel's

P. O'C.

RC.

Revue

Glosses

Sg.

MS.

on

Priscian

hibernicus, vol.
Sil.

Gad.

SR,
S. Crit.

(St

Gall),

Thesaurus

Palaeo-

ii.

Silva Gadelica, ed. Standish 0'Grady, London, 1892.

Songs of Summer

SPA.

Dictionary.

Celtique, Paris.

^cn.^

Winter, ed. K. Meyer, London, 1903.

Sitsungsberichte

der
Wissenschaften.

Salt^ir

na Rann,

kon.

preuss.

Academie

der

ed. Stokes, Oxford, 1883.

Stokes' Criticism on
of the ancient

Dr

Atkinson's glossary to

Laws of

Ireland,

vol. i.-v.

London, 1903.
d

xvii

AUTHORITIES REFERRED TO OR QUOTED

ST.

Stories from the Tin, ed. John Strachan, Dublin, 1908.

Gl.

Stowe glosses, Archiv

fiir

Dep.

The Deponent Verb

in

Stowe
Str.

Celtische Lexikographie,
Irish,

John Strachan

in

iii.

the

Transactions of the London Philological Society.

Old

Str. Gl.

Irish Paradigms and Glosses,

London, 1909.

Tin B Cuailnge,

Tbc.

Three Med. Gl.

Archiv

fiir

ed.

John Strachan,

ed.

Windisch, Irische Texte,

Celtische Lexilcographie,

i.

v.

3.

TP.

Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus, edd. Stokes and Strachan,

Cambridge, 1901.

TP. Suppl.

Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus, Supplement, ed. Stokes,

Halle, 1910.

Thur.

Handbuch des

Alt-Irischen, ed.

Rudolf Thurneysen,

Heidelberg, 1909.

The Triads of Ireland, ed. K. Meyer^ Dublin, 1906.

The Tripartite Life of Patrick, ed. Stokes, London,

Triads.
Trip,

1887.

The

Trip. Gl.

glosses from the Tripartite Life, Arch. C. P.

TSh.

Three Shafts of Death, by Keating,

T.T.^

Togail Troi, ed. Stokes, Calcutta, 1882.

iii.

Atkinson,

ed.

Dublin, 1890.

Togail Troi, ed. Stokes, Irische Texte

Wb.

The Wiirtzburg
vol.

Wi.

ZCP.

i.

Grammatica

extended
brackts.

in italics.

may

be doubt, are

Interlinear additions to the texts are

round brackets, additions by the Editor

in

i.

= CZ.

in

square

Errors or peculiarities in the text are in some

cases silently corrected in the translation.

impracticable footnotes are added.

of the

vol.

Celtica, editio altera.

contractons, about which there

enclosed

ii.

Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus,

Windisch's Worterbuch, Irische Texte,

Zeuss's

MS.

glosses,

MSS.

is

unchanged.

Where

this

is

Otherwise the reading

Wi^^

V^'^'j^

mA'^up^ 'Ztf

0^1^

)c^//

^ '^13

INTRODUCTION
The Handbook
time,

is

often equivalent to

is

field

grammar,

for the

first

up many questions.

a \vork that opens

Eces

whole

of the Learned, here edited

fili.

FilidecJit

covered the

of poetry, romance, history, biography, geography,

and

antiquities,

law.

The

gave judgments

in verse,

The Auraicept

treats chiefly of the

grammar, but

if

is

poet-jurist,

who, seated,

probably referred to at lines 407,8.

Ogham

the Trefhocul be ncluded,

it

alphabet and
treats also of

poetry in the strict sense.

The

poets,yf//^,

were a guild, making their own special

]aws,and exercisingdiscipline upon their own members(2i93).

They claimed and used

and
fixed

their retinue

sum

the right to quarter themselves

upon society (2221), and they exacted a

poetic compositions.

for their

In general this

was cheerfully paid

the means for enforcing unwilling
payment was satire. The exercise of this potent weapon
was moderated by rule (1935), certain forms of satire, such as
tamall n-aire (1932), being forbidden in the Trefhocul and
though the poets have been abolished by law for over a
century, even at this day in certain districts the phrase,
dheanamh aoir air, to satirise one, is not without its
;

terrors.

The
and

poets were a secret society with a language peculiar

intelligible

literary

language

to

tradition
for

them

themselves only.
Fenus,

(195),

at

and

its

their

According

to

request, devised

obscurity was

their
this

essential (21).

INTRODUCTION

XX

The
to
at

people often rose up against the poets and attempted

repudiate

Drumketta,

numbered
himself

a.d.

15,000.

fili,

One

claims.

their

590 (1472).

Owing

they were

to the

such

rising

About

that

was

that

time they

advocacy of St Columba,

sufifered to continue,

but under

restrictions.

The

filid

were a

rigorous training to

strictly professional class,

fit

them

undergoing a

for their position.

The

bards,

on the other hand, were unprofessional, and more or less

untrained, but they practised a large number of metres in

were required to become proficient.

The foUowing tables {cf. the later scheme in Joyce's,
SociaL Hist.,
430), will show what place the Auraicept

which

\.\vQ

filid ^\?>o

i.

occupied

The

in their studies.

Fili, his

Rewards

Kank.

Rank, Name, and Compositions, with the

therefor, and his Retinue (2219-2254).

INTRODUCTION
The Yearly
Each year included the

foclc

macfuirmid

doss

9,

lo

II

XXI

Studies of the
studies of

all

Fili.

preceding years.

INTRODUCTION

xxii

A
one

brief study of the Auraicept

the

that

Some

Grammarians.

Donatus

(a.d. 450),
If

it

them are

of

it

of the

source
cited

is

Latin

the

by name, Priscian

Pompeius, and Consentius.

(a.d. 350),

be urged that the quotations from these authors are

a late addition to the Auraicept by

tion,

sufficient to convince

is

extraneous

leading

answered that

is

matter

in

the

closely

follows

way

of learned illustra-

any case the general setting

didactic

show

will

the

of

style

grammarians, as the foUowing examples, occurring

passijii,

Quaestio

est, Gr. Lat. v. 537, 16,

cest,

Aur.

29

est, v. 228, 18
Ouaesitum
^
Quaentur, v. 165, 27; 210, 38
De qua quaeritur, Origg, xvi. 10,

"j

'

r.

ut sciam,

ut scias,

V.

sciendum

541, 20, 32.

a
ima
conagar, Aur.
1019,
^o^-

195, 19.

121, 15, 18

V,

ut sciamus,

9, 57.

173, 18

co fesear, Aur. 1577.

v. 10, 16.

est,

v.

180, 32:

is

soigti

Aur. 3508,

is

fisid

3523-

debemus,

scire

v.

277, 30.

scire debes, v. 142, 15.

The matter
vvith

that

early chapters

and

itself

treated

syllables,

of the Auraicept

of by the

is

largely identical

Latin Grammarians in their

the alphabet, classification

of letters, sounds

consonant and vovvel changes, gender and

declension of nouns, comparison of adjectives, prepositions

governing dative and accusative cases, the accent,

and natural, genus and

The

points.

There

is

no

omissions

species,

are

artificial

and a few other incidental

almost

equally

classification of declensions,

significant.

no declension of

adjectives which are tacitly included with the substantives,

no treatment

of

pronouns except as

(aurlonn, 585), or as

tokens

emphasised by fin = niet

of

gender

{726),

and

NTRODUCTION
the whole accidence of the verb

between Latin and Gaelic

of the verb
is

made

is

to

tentative

show

xxiii

wanting.

is

failed at this point.

and native

that, while

(304, 653).

there

is

The similarity
The paradigm

An

endeavour

a correspondence in

meaning between the two languages, Gaelic is the more

comprehensive (1081).
The language is Middle Irish, but the basis, which has
been much worked over, all belongs to the Old Irish
period.

The composition
latter

oldest portion

was

consists of

Text and Commentary, the

forming the great bulk of the work.

;

The

text

is

the

the commentary, in parts as old as the text,

in a process of

continuous growth.

a large hand in most MSS.,

is

The

text, written in

printed in leaded type.

BB,

The Book of Lecan and T.

make a much larger delineation of text. The question as to
what is text and what is commentary will require further
here followed, curtails the text.

may be here remarked

embodied in the tract
in the ordnary hand of the commentary so as to be indistinguishable from the commentary at sight, and that the
commentary itself occasionally points to the text by the use
study for a satisfactory solution, but

that

much

of the primary material

it

is

of such expressions as Cid ara tuc-somh {gj), Cid ara n-ebairt

(378, 484, 512, 385), intan roraidh (421), ata acht lem (2973),

amal

asbert

curp in libuir (173, 241) where corp in libuir

always means the text of the book under comment.

Another but a rather uncertain criterion is this.

A
passage which does not occur by way of commentary on any
previous quotation, but which is itself made the subject of
commentary,

is

in

a sense

primary material, though not

necessarily so old as the principal text on which the

mentary

The

is

com-

written.

use o conagar

is

generally to introduce

even though the passage so introduced

is

itself

commentary
subjected to

INTRODUCTION

xxiv

comment.

a primary commentary used

and a secondary commentary
developing the content of the primary commentary {e.g.,
1072 on 1068, 1637 on 15 15). The etymological gloss\vork
belongs to this last stage, and is incorporated without any
In a word, there

is

to explain the original text,

regard to the context.

The language even

Old

Irish usage.

of

the

substantives and pronouns.

In

commentary

based on

is

recognises three genders in

It explicitly

it

ai'dbdad {1264)

silencing of the consonants, f and

means the

In later usage this

s.

term becomes airdibad, urdubad (uirdhiughadh, 0'Molloy,

The tract before

At the time the tract was

Gr. 61), and denotes eclipsis, obnubilatio.

us takes no account of eclpsis.

written the combinations mb, nd, had evidently not yet

become assimilated (but cf. Nembroth, Nemruad).

For,
if such assimilations had taken place, an account would
have been given of the phenomenon under such questions as
"

What

tvvo

consonants have the force of one consonant

"
?

(1375)-

As regards ng initial, the evidence s not so clear.

The nasal infection may have produced (ng + g) and not
ng simply (255). On the other hand the combination is an

Ogham

letter

(442)

but

even vowels of diphthongs were

pronounced separately (1430)

the example, uingi

NF.

{4.^26),

The scheme
between dative

Middle

and

distinction

Irish,

between
dat.

Origg.

after

Graeco

significat

distinguishes

after

prepositions

clearly

(1651,

uniformly or often observed

though a much

acc. after a

also,

accusative

not

considered along with

xvi. 27, 4.

of declension,

and

is,

Gamma

Latinum adiuncto

semiunciam.

1770), a

and

curiously suggestive of

later tract

in

draws a distinction

preposition importing motion, siubhal,

preposition

importing

rest,

comJinaidJie

INTRODUCTON
{Eriu,

viii.

17, y2, 73).

This

last,

xxv

hovvever,

may be merely

a grammatical recrudescence, or an imitation of Latin.

A
1.

few sporadic examples of Old Irish are here added

TriE Article.

muite 447,

n.p.m. in

anmanda
inna

n.p.f.

For

in

4828.
aipgitri-sea 11 32.

iiii.

art.

taebomna tuissecha 918

in

2018, but ainm n, has art n.p.m. ind

tri focail

developed from projected

n., v.

condelc,

etargoire n-inchoisc 647, in incoisc 641.

2.

NOUN

Stems.

o-stems

n.p.n. araile

crand

149.

B. lo-stejHs
a mberla sain 1044.

n.s.n.

ds.

oc nach ailiu 1044;

5613

gan

araill

7 araill 3410; 'nas

n.s.

quain

n-aill

C. n-stein

^-S-

3106, ar araiU

fria araill

3105.
i

n-aill 1272.

4593, 4579 no da fhir-inaill 338.

gach reim n-olc 2177.

3.

NUMERALS

4.

TiiE Verb:

teora, ceitheora 4708, 3747,

cf.

872.

ailsius 5319, adrodamas 135; copula verb,

arnid 693, nadat 4588.

As

in

to the native elements,

English Kinealy

preface

is

wrote

we

are told that

Cenn Faelad

the Prologue (80).

As

this

not likely to have been omitted by the compilers

of the extant

tract,

one concludes that

actual introduction (1-62).

displacement in version

ii.

This view

first

must be the

confirmed by the

of the section (63-78) which

work of a commentator of Cenn Faelad

tra in the

this

is

also

by the

is

the

particle

sentence quoted from Cenn Faelad, which

follows the introduction in both versions.

INTRODUCTION

xxvi

There are four authors of the Auraicept proper, Cenn

Faelad, Ferchertne, Amergen, and Fenius.

The excerpts from

The

origin of

the

GaeHc

Book of Cenn Faelad deal with

(loo).

Divisions of the Latin alphabet (312), and of the Irish

alphabet (392),

Latin and

Irish

treatment of semivowels contrasted

(445).

Genders in Irish (520).

Degrees of comparison

in

Latin, and

quahtative and

quantitative distinctions in Irish (639).

The

excerpts from the

Book of Ferchertne

deal with

The seven elements of speech in Irish (739), and

The formation and powers of Ogham letters (943).
There

a long excerpt

is

dealing with

of earher date
tract.

The

from the Book of Amergen

the origin of Goedelg (1034).

This passage

is

and language than the general run of the

In substance

it is

an alternative prologue.

excerpts from the Book of Fenius (1102) deal with

The alphabets

of Hebrew, Greek, and Latin (1129),

hence probably the ascription to Fenius who was
learned in those languages (160), and contemporary
with the Exodus (i 104).
Verse feet or syllabic content of Irish words (12 13).
Consonant changes (1264).

The five kinds of Irish (1302).

The twenty-five inflections (15 15).
What is alt? (1577).
The end

of the text of the Auraicept

is

noted (1636).

Besides those four ancient books cited, the Book of Cenn

Faelad, the
(1028), the

Book of Ferchertne (735), the Book of Amergen

Book of Fenius, lair mac Nema, and Gaedel mac

Ethiuir (1102), two others are mentioned, the Dile Feda

(5416), of which the

Ogham

tract

is

perhaps an expansion,

NTRODUCTION

xxvii

and the Cin Ollauian (1204, 4385) possibly an early form of the
tract on Metrics.
The quotations from the first four books
are set forth as usual

large hand

in

passages from them are embodied

but possibly other

commentary in the
For wherever a passage in the commentary

normal hand.

in the

afterwards explained in detail with the

is

etymologies, this

is

usual artificial

an indication that the passage probably

belonged originally to the ancient

text.

While the ascription of the Book of Cenn Faelad

is

probably genuine, the same cannot be said of the Books of

Ferchertne, Amergen, and Fenius.

The quotations may be

from writings approximately of the time of Cenn Faelad, but
of

unknown

authorship.

commentator (1019-1027) takes

the view that the work of these authors were successive steps

By

leading up to the grand consummation, the Trefhocul.

the statement also of a commentator that

according to book order was invented

of

Cenn Faelad

co-ordinated

now
who

all

stands.

{66)

"

may

be

last,

meant

"

what

to wit, the

that

This view

is

it

it,

as

it

upheld by another commentator

says that Ferchertne composed the Auraicept but

Faelad rewrote

Book

author

this

the ancient material, and presented

first

is

or copied

it,

Cenn

along with the greater part

of Scripture (2638).

There seems no reason

"

Book of Cenn Faelad

" to

to question the ascription of the

the author of that name.

He

well authenticated person.

is

died a.d. 679.

found in the geneaIogy of the Cenl nEogain.

He

is

His pedigree
His poems,

dealing to a large extent with the wars of his kinsfolk, the

Northern Ui Nill, are quoted largely in the annals. The

curious tradition about his " brain of forgetfulness " {'j'j) had

no doubt a foundation

in

fact.

education in youth, but developed a

by turning from learning

in the

battle

of

Moira

Possibly he got a good

"

brain of forgetfulness

to soldiering.
A.D.

He

"

certainly fought

6^, where he was wounded.

INTRODUCTION

xxvii

Returning again to

civil

life

and

his early pursuits, " poetry,

words, and reading" (78), he laid the foundation of that

reputation which as "

Cenn Faelad, the Learned

njoys (O'C.

His period as an

Lec.).

Moira and

among

rank

But he
(79),

his death,

still

who wrote on

He may

Eusebii (Eriu,
vvhich

still

the battle of

and quotations from him must take

thc oldest dated specimens of the language.

refers to

origins.

he

author therefore

years between

extends over the forty-two

"

vii,

older Irish writers, angdair na tiGaideal

the subject of Irish grammar, or of Irish

refer to such

62) which

works as the

came down

the lost portion at the

contained the story of Fenius.

may

beginning

Writing

Irish Chronicon

to A.D. 609,

in 603, S.

and of

well

have

Columbanus

refers to antiqui philosopJii Hiberniae as experts in chrono-

Thus

graphy.

that earlier than the seventh century a state

of learning existed which was held in esteem by the writers of

that century

is

proved, though the direct products of that

earHer learning are no longer extant.

Faelad

to

Auraicept
century,

If

we assume Cenn

be really the author, and therefore that

was begun about the middle of the

how

did

it

the

seventh

happen that while the other Western

nations were sunk in ignorance, the Irisb enjoyed the light

of learning?

Zimmer (SPA., Dec.

1910,

1049) quoting

p.

the passage in Aur. 1859- 1876 puts the question with great
force
"

wie

Das

man

sind die

'

Elemente der Kasus- und Numeruslehre,'

sie als Teil

des iiber viele lahre sich erstreckenden

(Grammatiker, Metriker, Antiquare

und professionsmssiger Dichter) in den nationalen Schulen
Irlands traktierte, als Klemens der Ire an der Hofschule
Karls des Grossen jungen Franken das abc beibrachte, als
Dicuil in St Denis, Dungal in Pavia, Sedulius in Liittich

Studiums der

irischen yf/z

und Metz, Moengal

Hofschule

Karls

in St Gallen,

des

Kahlen

Johannes Scottus an der

tig

waren

durch diesen

INTRODUCTION
Unterricht

ist

xxix

Cormac mac Cuilennin gegangen

(gest. 908),

der nebenbei ganz austndige Kenntnis im Latein, Griechisch,

Hebrisch, Altnordisch, Angelsachsisch und Kymrisch

besass."

The high

tide

of learning

a very early period in

at

ancient Ireland was beyond a doubt caused by the influx of

learned

men from

came upon

this

the Continent.

passage

In his researches

Zimmer

Huni, qui ex nephario concubitu progeniti sunt, scilicet

demonum, postquam praeheunte caterva viam
invenerunt per Meotides paludes, invaserunt Cothos
quos nimium terruerunt ex improviso monstro
quod in illis erat. Et ab his depopulatio totius
imperii exordium
sumpsit, quae ab Unis et
Guandelis, Gotis et Alanis peracta est, sub quorum
vastatione

omnes

sapientes

cismarini

fugam

ceperunt, et in transmarinis, videlicet in Hibernia,

quocunque

et

se receperunt

maximum

profectum

sapientiae incolis iliarum regionum adhibuerunt.

The

first

part of this statement relating to the

Huns

is

taken from Jordanis, who wrote about A.D. 550, and fixes
approximately the date of the depopulation of the empire

and the rush of learned men into Ireland.

We may

assume

that the migration had already continued for a time before

this

account was written.

The

intercourse between Ireland

and the continent was certainly kept up.

Three centuries

later

we have

this

testimony respecting

the

Natio Scottorum quibus consuetudo peregrinandi jam

paene in naturam conversa est.

Quid

Hiberniam

memorem, contempto pelagi discum grege philosophorum ad

crimine, paene totam

littora nostra

Zmmer with

migrantem

great

(SPA.,

learning,

breadth

1910,

of

p.

1080).

view,

and

INTRODUCTION

XXX

mastery of detail builds upon these

a history at once

facts

picturesque and surprising.

Stated

briefly

Homoousian

the

amount

hypotheses

his

exodus from Gaul

to

The

this.

Ireland (a.d. 419-507) was caused by

to

persecution.

Aquitania and the modern

Baskish territory suffered Hke other parts, and Ireland vvas

Among

then the onIy haven of orthodoxy.

from that region was

by

his

fatuus hojnunculus

called himself

Virgilius

the' refugees

who was

fellow-countryman the deacon Ennodius

who

but

\\\q.

so called

(a.d.

473-521)

Maro, Graniniaticus.

He

found an asylum with a native prince as was the fashion

for learned

men

among

those days, settled, and taught grammar,

in

nay more, gained

for himself fame, recognition,

the native

and a place

being in fact none other than

poets,

Ferchertne Jili.

The Auraicept

bears abundant evidence of the influence

of two Latin authors, Isidore and Maro.

laboured to identify with Ferchertne

that the

Auraicept

fili

(CZ.

to
iii.

proposed

this

13) is.described

mac Nessa

a contemporary of Conchobar

as

Zimmer

latter

can be shown

It

no support

This Ferchertne

identification.
in the tract

lends

The

fili.

(736), who, whatever reckoning be adopted, lived somewhere

about the second century {cf. A.u. 484). According to this

chronology, therefore, the identification of Ferchertne

Maro would place the

before his

known

Ferchertne

fili

fioruit.

the

the formation

latter at least a couple

that,

and

while

and

Again the matter treated of by

Irish, and

seven elements of speech in

powers of

Ogham

letters

correspond to anything in Maro's pages.

also

fili

of centuries

Isidore's

influence

is

felt

If

it

not

be proved

chiefly

earlier part of the Auraicept, Maro's influence

entirely to the later,

does
is

in

the

confined

Zimmer's main contention that Maro

was Ferchertne fili cannot succeed. Several centuries lay

between the inception of the Auraicept and its close.

INTRODUCTION

xxxi

Maro's tract had a profound influence on the Auraicept,

but none on

its

According to internal evidence

early stages.

Cenn Faelad wrote the

him about the

That is the

ascribed to

part

middle or second half of the seventh century.

superior limit.

The

Hmit

inferior

centurv, or perhaps the tenth, and

by two

facts

(i)

that

the

Hes

eleventh

the

in

determined generally

is

Auraicept

found

is

two

in

in

which postulate many

generations of scribes, and (2) the

immense development

families of

MSS., the variations

which has taken place

in the tract itself as

it

from crude statements to a prosody which

complicated and

has advanced

exceedingly

is

But the argument does not

difficult.

rest

entirely on general considerations.

The second

text (3382) quotes native

name, Ua Bruic, Ua Coindi^ Ua

They

are

named by

their

Coirill

grammarians bv

and Ua Finn

(3391).

surnames (each being the acknow-

ledged head of his family), a usage that

is

not found earlier

than the tenth century, one of the earliest instances being

Ua Ruairc,
may have been the

that of

Ua

A.u. 953.

Coirill

mentioned above

professor of law and history,

died

Hence the Auraicept was not completed before

A.u. 1083.

the middle of the tenth century, perhaps not

the end

who

of the eleventh,

when Maro's

towards

till

influence

is

still

in evidence.

Let us now look at some excerpts from the works of

the two Latin authors, Isidore and Maro.

I.

ISIDORE 0Y Seville, who died

His Etymologiae or Origines

vast

in

amount of information of such

impossible to resist the conclusion

A.D. 6^6.

twenty books contain a

a sort that

that

the

the Auraicept had this document before them.

that

Cenn Faelad and

Isidore

one

finds

it

compilers of

At

least

drew matter from a common

INTRODUCTION

xxxii
source

is

a certainty, for the facts (or alleged facts)

and the

phraseology are the same.

If

we keep

and pursued

mind

in

battle of Moira,

that Isidore died the year before the

and that

after that event

with

studies

his

Cenn Faelad began

such success that

popularly supposed to forget nothing (so one

words), and

if

we remember

he was

may interpret the

further that there

was a constant

coming and going of learned men, and a steady exchange

of books between the continent and Ireland, there is no
inherent improbability in the supposition that Cenn Faelad

some

assimilated

of his material from the Origines published

perhaps some tvventy years before.

does not occur

in

name of Isidore

True, the

the Auraicept, but no more does that of

whom he probably made extracts, nor that

Mocu Chiara {^lteste irische Dichtung, p. 51),
from whose poem the passage about the seventy-two races
Eusebius from

of Luccreth

(Aur. 215-227) was certainly taken.

There being no
a

name,

full

difficulty as to

weight

tending

siderations

may

connect

to

following quotations from

how much

the

many books

two

authors.

of the Origines

The
show

the Auraicept was indebted to that source both

in general structure

Some

date or the omission of

be allowed to any other con-

and

in detail.

references demonstrate that the Irish and Ireland

were not unfamiliar to

Horrent

et

male

Origg. xix.

Isidore, at least as

tecti

cum

an author

latratoribus linguis Scotti.

23, 6.

et Hibernia proximae Brittianiae insula,

terrarum angustior, sed situ fecundior.
Cujus
Haec ab Africo in Boream porrigitur.
partes priores Hiberiam et Cantabricum Oceanum
intendunt, unde et Hibernia dicta Scotia autem,
quod ab Scotorum gentibus colitur, appellata.

Scotia idem
spatio

Origg. xiv.

6, 6.

INTRODUCTION

xxxiii

Time, place, person, and cause of writing (Aur.

63, 735,

1029), define the general plan

and treatment of a subject,

and are usually found

work in Irish.

ntroduction to any serious

lam vero

i6,

uti

oportebit, ut res,

audientis

efflagitat.

I.

cradle of letters was in Achaia, or by projection

of d from

Ubi

ii.

illud

persona

tempus,

Origg.

The

elocutionibus

in

locus,

the

in

art.,

fuit

Dacia, or by early French pronunciation, Asia.

Athenae

Apud Eotenam

civitas.

(uel

Origg.

xiv. 4, 10.

Athena) civitatem.

Aur. 214.

Fuit autem

Isis regina Aegyptiorum, Inachis regis filia,

quae de Graecia veniens Aegyptios litteras docuit.

Origg.

viii.

II, 84.

These sentences show

that, unless the

BibHcal Accad was

introduced from some other source, Achaia (25i)w^as pro-

bably the original reading

but the possibility that Achaia

lay in Maeotidis Paludihns (CZ. x. 126)

must not be over-

looked.

Namque omnium
.

ferocissumi ad hoc tempus Achaei

atque Tauri sunt, quod, quantum conjicio, locorum
egestate rapto vivere coacti.
Glossae Juvenalis
(Sall. Fragmentd).

Authority, written

authority,

includes the following authors of

Moses and Hieronymus

(q.v.),

are

ugdaracJit (131),

perhaps

whom, however, only

mentioned by name

two,

Moyses, Dares Fhrygius, Herodotus, Pherecydes.

Sallustius
ex historia, Livius, Eusebius et
Hieronymus ex annalibus tt historia constant.

Vnde

Origg.

i.

42

44, 4.

VVhat are the names of the seventy-two races from which

the

many languages were

leariit? (215, 26'^):

autem a quibus divisa est terra, quindecim sunt

de Japhet, triginta et una de Cham, viginti et

Geiites

INTRODUCTION

xxxiv

septem de Sem, quae

potius, ut

septuaginta

fiunt

declarat, septuaginta

ratio

vel

tres,

duae

toti-

demque

linguae, quae per terras esse coeperunt^

quaequecrescendo provincias et insulas impleverunt.

Origg.

ix. 2, 2.

In definition a bias existed towards the heptad or the

octave, Aur. 639, 739.

De septem

liberalibus

lectica, etc,

Aur.

Grammatica

disciplinis.

51.

Origg.

i.

2,

dia-

i.

Occasionally individual words are closely defined

Materia inde dicitur omne lignum quod ex ea aliquid

Fid, Aur. 943, cf.
Origg. xix. 19, 4.
efficiatur.

later the use of adbar.

The importance
Illa

of

Hebrew

insisted

is

on

lingua quae ante diluvium omnium una

Hebraea nuncupatur. Origg. xii. i, 2.

quae

fuit,

The Hebrew language was

remain after doomsday (190).

in the

world

first

and

will

it

Item quaeritur qua linguain futurum homines loquantur.

Origg.
The

ix. I, 13.

following passage explains

a worldly speech (46),

tongues

in

why

Gaelic was

deemed

not being one of the three sacred

which was written the superscription on the cross

(165).

Linguarum

diversitas exorta est in aedificatione turris

Nam

post diluvium.
illius in

priusquam superbia

diversos signorum

societatem, una

sonoshumanam

omnium nationum

Hebraea vocatur.

Initio

lingua

turris

divideret
fuit,

quae

autem quot gentes,

tot

linguae fuerunt, deinde plures gentes. Tres sunt

Hebraea, Graeca, Latina
autem linguae sacrae
:

quae toto orbe maxime excellunt. His enim tribus

linguis super crucem Domini a Pilato fuitcausa eius
scripta.

Origg.

ix. i, 1-3.

INTRODUCTION
The

xxxv

early Irish rhythmical alliterative poetry,

e.g.

arnin arding [d]d,

forsail for fot fedair,

dinin disail for gair gabhaidh (1546),

extending up to and running into the eighth century, might

almost be defined by the words

Huic adhaeret rythmus, qui non est certo fine moderatus,

sed tamen rationabiliter ordinatis pedibus currit
qui Latine nihil aliud quam numerus dicitur.
Origg.

39,

3.

A verse of dithyramb or metrical rhythm is to be

measured by a breath of the poet, five words to each breath
(930).

Periodos autem longior esse non debet

spiritu proferatur.
Orgg. ii. 18, 2.

quam

uno

ut

Grammatical questions as to gender and comparison of

adjectives find a like expression in Latin and Gaelic

Neutrum dictum quia nec hoc nec

masculinum nec femininum.

id

illud,

Origg.

i.

7,

est nec

28

Aur.

614.

Octo autem modis conparatio analogiae colligitur id

est qualitate, conparatione, genere, numero, figura,
:

casu, extremitatibus similium syllabarum, et simili-

tudine temporum.

Non

est

Sic et

maius

Origg.

4, 5

i.

28,

Aur. 639.

ad minus referatur.

parvum opponitur magno

magnum,
Inde

nisi

cui opponitur, sit

ita ut

ipsud parvum ad
Origg. ii. 31,

parvum.

Aur. 676.

Ponticus sinus
paludibus
quod

amplissimus

a tergo

Maeotidis

mare ex multitudine fluminum

dulcius quam cetera.
Sallust, quoted by Priscian
Macrobius, Servius, and Ox'xg'g. xiii. 16, 4.
dulci aqua xii. 6, 56 sive salsae sint sive dulces.
xiii.
;

in

14,

Aur. 730.

INTRODUCTION

xxxvi

etymologies carry their influence into the Gaelic

Artificial

text; vr

is

derived from vires^ mulier from inollities^fmina

from femur
Vir nuncupatus, quia maior in eo vis est quam in
feminis.
Origg. xi. 2, 17; Aur. 605.
Mulier vero a mollitie, tanquam mollier, detracta littera
Origg. xi. 2, 18
vel mutata, appellata est mulier.
cf. femina de flescda no maithchnechas, Aur. 010.

Femora

quod ea parte a femina sexus viri

Sunt autem ab inguinibus usque ad
Femina autem per derivationem femorum

dicta sunt,

discrepet.

genua.

sunt, quibus

partes

adhaeremus.

Femina vero

Origg.

a partibus

a viro distinguitur.

equitando tergis equorum

in

xi, i, 106.

femorum

Origg.

dicta ubi sexus species

xi. 2,

24

Aur. 608.

Consonants, semi-vowels, and mutes are treated similarly

in the Gaelic

and the Latin texts

Et vocatae consonantes quia per

non sonant sed

se

Haec in duabus
consonant.
partibus dividuntur: in semivocalibus et in mutis.
Semivocales dictas eo, quod quiddam semis de
vocalibus

iunctis

vocalibus habeant.

Mutae autem dictae quia

nequaquam erumpunt.
358

Vnde

'/

seq. ;

Z'oJ et seq. ;

et legitimae

quod ab

nisi

subiectis sibi vocalibus

Origg.
468

nominantur

i.

4,

3,

Aur.

cf.

et seq.

ratione, scilicet vel

illa

vocali incipiunt et

in

mutum sonum

desinunt, ut sunt consonantes, vel quod a suo sono

incipiunt et in vocalem E desinunt ut sUnt mutae.

Origg.

The

active

i.

4,

10

Aur. 488.

and the passive of verbs

Etargaire persainni

ngnim

(651)

cessadh (653).

In persona verbi agentis et patientis significatio

Origg.

i.

9,

I.

est.

INTRODUCTION
The

wel]-known quotations (and the

Orighies contain

may

above

xxxvii

be of this sort)

Litterae

autem

quasi

dictae

quod

legiterae,

iter

legentibus praestent, vel quod in legendo iterentur.

Origg. i. 3, 3 Aur. 360.

Some

quotations are hard to find elsewhere

Nam unum
iii.

It is

3,

semen numeri
;

esse,

non numerum.

not time that

is

divided but our actions (93).

Nam

tempus per se non intellegitur,

humanos. Origg. v. 31, 9.

nisi

These references

The

Origg.

Aur. 688.

have not found.

foregoing quotations are

Auraicept attributed

per actus

Aur. 464, 517, 728.

found in the portion of

Cenn Faelad.

They occur
not only in commentary but often in the structure of the

the

to

Hence the conclusion that Cenn Faelad had

him the Origines or a document based thereon, and
closely resembling it, is amply justified.
composition.
before

The use

of the Origines

is

continued in the Gaelic text,

after the portion attributed to

of

Cenn Faelad ends. In the

some few suggestions

of the book occur also

part

latter

Ogham.

What

is

known

as nihilus, Aur. 970,

8, is

thus explained

quoque

littera proinde interdum

nihil est, quia
nec vocalis nec consonans est, ut quis.
Vocalis enim non est quia I sequitur consonans
non est quia Q praecedit.
Ideoque quando nec
vocalis, nec consonans est, sine dubio nihil est.

alicubi

Origg.

quotation

Nisi

i.

common
nomen

enim
Origg.

4, 8.

i.

7,

in the

grammarians

scieris,

cognitio

Aur. 1099.

is

rerum

perit.

::

INTRODUCTION

xxxviii

quotation not seen by

me

elsewhere

Lapis autem dictus quod laedat pedem.

Aur. 3396.
3, I

Origg.

xvi.

OccasionaIly the Latin helps to decide the reading of the

Gaelic text
Incorporalia, quia carent corpus

unde nec

tangi possunt, ut veritas, iusticia.

cf.

videri nec

Origg.

i.

7,

Aur. 3238.

Occasionally the Gaelic

is

a running

commentary on the

Latin
Perspicuae voces sunt quae longius protrahuntur ita ut
omnem inpleant continuo locum, sicut clangor
tubarum (stocaireacht no cornaireacht, Aur. 1477).
Subtiles voces (cronan no certan bec, 1474) sunt,

quibus non est spiritus, qualis est infantium vel

mulierum vel aegrotantium, sicut in nervis (intan
is cruit, 1484).
Quae enim subtilissimae cordae
sunt, subtiles ac tenues sonos emittunt (intan as
bindi is tuiu / is isliu ata na a n-aill, 1484). Pingues
sunt voces, quando spiritus multus simul egreditur,
sicut virorum (mod -i- mo od -i- od ceol intan is
mascul 1470).
Acuta vox tenuis, alta, sicut in
cordis videmus (traethait na ciulu isli na ciuil arda
Dura vox est, quae violenter emittit sonos
1477).
sicut tonitruum, sicut incudis sonos, quotiens in
durum malleus percuititur ferum (intan is torand
no is crand 1479, tourand no caint 4575).
Caeca vox est, quae, mox emissa fuerit, conticescit, atque
suffocata

nequaquam

in fictilibus (tae a

Origg.

iii.

longius

ed intan

is

producitur, sicut est

fod 1479, fouta 4578).

20, 10-13.

Occasionally the Latin determines the interpretation of

the Gaelic, the latter being an almost literal translation of

the former
Superflui sunt,

quorum

partes simul ductae plenitudinem

excedunt, ut puta duodenarius.

Habet enim partes

INTRODUCTION

xxxix

duodecimam, quod est

quinque
quartam, quod tria
quod duo
quattuor
dimidiam, quod sex.

unum

sextam,

quod
enim et

tertiam,

Vnum

quattuor, et sex simul ducta

longe a duodenario excedunt.
Perfectus numerus est, qui suis partibus adinpletur,
habet enim tres partes, sextam,
ut senarius

duo,

et

tria,

et

xvi faciunt et

tertiam, dimidam

dimidia
est

unum

et

Haec

tres.

duo

unum

sexta eus

et tria simul

perficiuntque senarium.

est, tertia

summam

partes in

duo,

ductae, id

eundem consummant

Origg.

iii.

5,

9-1 1;

Aur.

1443-1453.

Occasionally the Gaelic gives merely the gist of the

Latin

Primum enim diem a Sole appellaverunt, qui princeps

est omnium siderum, sicut et idem dies caput est
cunctorum dierum. Secundum a Luna, quae Soli
splendore et magnitudine proxima est, et ex eo
Tertium ab stella Martis quae
mutuat lumen.
Vesper vocatur. Quartum ab stella Mercurii, quam
quidam candidum circulum dicunt. Quintum ab
Sextum a
stella lovis, quam Phaethontem aiunt.
Veneris stella, quam Luciferum asserunt, quae inter
omnia sidera plus lucis habet. Septimus ab stella
Saturni, quae sexto caelo locata triginta annis
fertur explere cursum suum.
Origg. v. 30, 5-7;

et

Aur. 3531-9.
Titles of chapters or sections in the

names of Ogham

Ongines appear as

De homine xi.
De avibus xii.

daenogam 5709.
enogam 5692.
dinnogam 5687.

i.

7.

Oppida nobilia xv.

i, 6.

De aedificiis sacris xv. 4.

De navibus xix. 1,1.
De instruincntis rusticis xx.
De coloribus xix. 17

ceallogam 5702.
ogam n-eathrach 6132.
14.

ogam

trda 5724.

dathogam

5697.

INTRODUCTION

xl

names

Bible

suffer

change

passing into the Gaeh'c text

in

through the Latin transHteration

Nebuchadnezzar,

Origg

Nabuchodonosar,

Nabgodon, Aur, 127.

Nimrod, Nembroth, Origg.

vii.

22

6,

v,

18;

39,

Neamruad, Aur.

112.

Noah, Noe, Origg.

Secrecy

vii. 6,

the avowed

15

Ne, Aur. 107.

purpose of

Ogham is

outHned

in

a simple code similar to that vvhich finds expression in Aur,

6011,

Caesar quoque Augustus ad fiHum, " quoniam," incjuit,

" innumerabiHa accidunt assidue quae scribi alterutro
oporteat et esse secreta, habeamus inter nos notas
si vis tales ut, cum aHquid notis scribendum erit,'
pro unaquaque Httera scribamus sequentem hoc
modo pro a h^ pro /; et deinceps eadem ratione
pro pj autem redeundum erit ad duplex
ceteras
Origg. i.
a a. "Quidam etiam versis verbis scribunt.
<:,

25,

This reference

Maro

2.

have not found

Aur. 3244-8, but

cf,

24, 10-24.

ViRGiLius Maro, Grammaticus

II.

The

editor,

Huemer,

in his Praefatio, p. xi., after giving

Hst of blunders

common

to

Atque

archetypum

aU the
iHud

fuerit necesse est,

p
The

et /,

MSS.

Htteris

cum a

of Maro, concludes

t,

scriptum

scotticis

et u, c et

r et

s,

s et /,

saepe permutatae videntur.

concHision

is

irresistible.

Whether the

himself perpetrating these blunders,

scribe

was

or, as his editor thinks,

merely copying them from others, the sources of Maro, as

vve

know him,

are Irish.

Meyer,

two Hsts (SPA

in

Jul}',

December

191

2),

gives.

INTRODUCTION
from Maro's

They

Ninus

(173).

(162).

(123).

f.

Regulus (?) (133).

Rigas f. Rigadis (122).
Rithea Nini regis uxor

Gabr-itius (126).

Galb-arius (163).

Galb-ungus

(119).

Plastus (151).
Prass-ius (61).

(15, 30).

Fassica

(123).
(162),

Oss-ius (163),
Perrichius (163).

Bi-entius (137).

Don

Mart-ulis (92).
Mitterius (114).

(5).

Breg-andus

are as follows

Lato-mius
Lugenicus

Aemerius p. (22).
Andrianus (173).
Arca rex (15).
Assianus

names, which he

tract, a selection of forty-t\vo

considers to be of Celtic origin.

Asp-orius

xli

(10, 122, 133)

Germanus

(119).

Gal-irius (146).

SagiUius

Gall-ienus (129).
Gelb-idius (36).

Samm-inius, Virgil's uncle

Sarbon (122).

Gerg-esus

Glengus

(28).

Sarr-icius (123).

(15).

Saur-inus

(122, 133).

(28).

Gurg-ilius (173).

Sedulus (138,

luu-anus

(54).

Senenus

Lap-idus

(19).

Sulpita (24).

Lassius (107).

Further

(17).

Ursinus

may

examination

seriously disturbing

connection with

(90).

shorten

the contention that

Ireland,

his

circle

139).

(138).

of

the
if

list

without

Maro had no

Irish

friends

was

unaccountably large.

Sua

apte (i 16,

1 1

81,4) has been recognised as an Irish-

Latin hybrid, su-apte, which later camc into

in

common

use

Irish Latin.

There

is

sprinkling

of the

/oei

Grammar, e.g.
Maro denies
preferring latitudo,

that
p. 5,

Latinitas

communes of Latin

derived

is

from Latinus,

Aur. 355.

ab ipsis etiam cerae caracteribus usque ad

quassorum compossitionem hosce ordines directat,

litera

p. 7,

syllabae

10; Aur. 1756.

monades senas

literas

transcendere non debent

ut scrobs, Maro, p. 11,7; Aur. 1229.

INTRODUCTION

xli

Grama

interpretatur legitera

Maro,

certain

p. 19, II

quod

est legendi itinerarium.

Aur. 1768.

resemblance

is

discernible

between

Maro,

and Aur. 3244, and between

24, 10-23,

Nec aperte

masculinum

feminum.

verbum

Maro,

nec absolute
Aur. 614.

omne quod lingua profertur

and Aur. 1924.

device scinderatio

was resorted to
expression, and

dicitur

esse

31, 13;

est

88, 6,

The

quae quasi quaedam

unde et a peritis litera

est litteraturae peruidatio,

totius lectionis semitula est

foiwrinii.,

Maro

et voce.

declares

Maro,

(p. ^6, 7),

order to sharpen the wits, to adorn

in

ne mystica quaeque, et quae solis gnaris

pandi debent, passim ab infimis ac stultis facile

tertia (causa)

repperiantur.

The same

reason, here called tertia,

Ogham

invention of

Co mbeth

is

alleged for the

in bescna-sa ic lucht in eolais fo leth, sech

lucht na tirdachta 7 na buicnechta, Aur. 5472.

One

device consisted

groups of

letters, e.g.

in

breaking up a sentence into

RRR. SS. PP. MM. NT. EE. OO.

Romanorum perit. Maro,
12;
'j'j,

AIso, words

again

may

sentence,
sicut

cf.

i.e.,

spes

Aur. 3501-3.

be broken up into syllables, and these

be strewn about

e.g.

in

the jingle of a so-called

Lucanus

edidit
ge. ves. ro. trum. quando. tum.
om. ni. libet aeuo, which is thus explained,
quandolibet vestrum gero omni aeuo affectum.
Maro, 77, 6.
a.

Or

may

A.V.I.,

fec.

in single

words,

e.g.

nodo for dono, nesi for

sine,

gernien

INTRODUCTION
for

regnum.

Maro

xlii

This process appears

78, 28.

n Irish as

delidin sillabacda, Aur. 5312.

Ainans
into iwei,

which

is

A
into

is

may

be transformed into inanas (Maro, 79,

into si {y^, 31)

called delitin litterda, metathesis of letters, Aur. 5308.

meaningless syllable or disyllable

a

4), hei'i

atat into tata {jg, 10), a process

vvord,

e.g.

naviga-be-re for

may

be introduced

navigare, b-u-onuni

for

bonum (Maro,

78, iy)\ forti-osi-ter ov fortiter, compt-os-e for

compte (Maro,

p. 70, 6).

duced into Gaelic

The

is

meaningless disyllable so intro-

unstressed syllable following an accented syllable

sometimes dropped,
rogauisse

e.g.

is

rogassem, rogasse for rogauissem,

rogarunt, i'ogarit for rogauerunt, i'ogauerit (Maro,

In Gaelic poetry this

78, 10).
Still

called condall, Aur. 5317.

is

called cotut, Aur. 5287.

more does the influence of Maro emerge

in the

Trefhocul.

The name Trefhocul bears a resemblance to

De trimodo dicendi genere, Orig.

of the chapter

may have

suggested

it.

the heading
ii.

17 which

Similarly the twelve items compos-

ing the Trefhocul might have been originally suggested

the duodecim latinitates of Maro,
\l.

by

p. 88, 22, e.g.

lumbrosa, hoc est perlonga, cum pro uno usitato

totus uersus scribitur, with perlonga, cf. (can) rofota,
Aur. 5060 and for the matter, cf. Aur. 5943 where
each letter besides being written is spelt.
sincolla, hoc est perbreuis, uersa uice cum totus
;

VII.

With

uersus usitatus in uno continetur fono.

breuis,
cf.

cf.

(can) rogair, Aur. 5059,

Aur. 1326.
hoc est peruersa,

VIII. belsauia,

cum

modusque uerborum transmutat.

(can) chl(3en.

and

per-

for the matter,

casus

With

nominum

peruersa,

cf.

Aur. 5057, 5086.

hoc est humillima, quae semper res terrenas

with humillima, cf a irisel, used of an
appended syllable, a. Aur. 5079, 5346.

XI. spela,

loquitur,

INTRODUCTION

xliv

XII.

polema, hoc

II.

superna

est

With superna,

tractat.

cf.

quae
a

de

irard,

superioribus

an appended

syllable, aib.Auv. 5078, 5341.

Assena, hoc est notaria, quae una tantum littera
pro toto sono contenta est, cf. Q for ceirt, Aur.
5816, and R for Ruis 5820.

These coincidences are too numerous

to be accidental.

Omitting- other lesser similarites, to lay stress on which

might be regarded as

fanciful,

we come

ground

to the solid

(Hereon Zimmer, not having the whole

of quotation,

tract

before him, could find no footing.)

metrofia, hoc est intellectualis, ut dictantabat, id est

V.

principium sade, id est iustitia gno utilitas bora,

hoc est fortitudo ter hoc est dualitas coniugalis
rfoph, hoc est ueneratio
brops, hoc est pietas
rihph, hoc est hilaritas gal, hoc est regnum
fkal,
hoc est religio clitps, hoc est nobilitas mymos,
;

dignitas

honor

fann,

hoc

merc hoc
gatrb, hoc est pax

lux

est

recognitio

gabpal, hoc est obsequium

solis

est pluuia

ulio,

hoc est

blaqth, hoc est

pal, dies

et

nox

biun, hoc est aqua et ignis;

spax, longeuitas.

With the exception of y and z, which may have been

added from another source, the explanation following hoc est,
id

est, is in

each case identical with that given

in

Aur. 4211-

4223.

Perhaps more important than

De

all is

the following

autem hoc dicendum est, quod semper inspirat,

nunc ad fortitudinem, nunc ad motationem tantum.
Nam cum semiuocalem praecesseritT^ solum sonum
pariter motabunt ut hfascon et faciunt/'pro Jif, si
uero mutam c uel / uel/, suum sonum non amittit

Ji

ut Jicorda, Jitronus, Jipalanx, Maro, p. 10, 9-14.

This passage throws light on Aur. 432, 1264-1279.

there

means

Bogad

aspiration (and apparently on finals) ut

clocJi,

INTRODUCTION
both.

has also another vciQdiXng.fortitudo^ nfluenced by

It

Ogham
is

xlv

usage, where

non-existent

B + H = P,

thus supplying the

pure Gaelic.

in

Seuiigud,

P which
means

again,

and apparent]y on initials, but on this point the

examples are inconclusive (cf. beith mo hsuidhe CZ. x. 266).

lenition

Here the aspirating H precedes the consonant

and thus Maro and the Auraicept are at one.

The warrantable
8,

Bigerro sermone clefabo (Maro

13) "in the speech of Bigorre,"

Maro was a

tenth century he

Maro was more

aspirates,

conclusions to be drawn from the facts

are few but very important.

shovv that

it

called

is

which Zimmer presses to

native of that district, though in the

Tolosanus, proves

merely that

gr less conversant with Baskish.

acquainted with viro athensi, a

He was

man

belonging to the town of

Ate south of Limoges (Maro 141, 28). He mentions a Sibylla
Carginiensis, belonging to the town of Carca, in the Depart-

ment of the Iberian Bastitani (p.48, 25), and heknewa great

number of Irishmen. Except perhaps in the passage last
quoted in which h ad fortitudinevi may be compared with b
cum aspiratione pro p ponitur (432, 2879), no connection is

him and

between

traceable

belongs to a

much

Ferchertne

earlier period

influence of Maro's

book on

whose

work

than the Trefhocul.

The

fili^

grammar

Irish

is

confined to

the Tref hocul, the last stage of the growth of prosody.

Auraicept proper, of which Ferchertne

fili

The

was one of the

one under whose name ancient material was

incorporated, shows no trace of Maro's influence.
authors,

or

Interesting questions arise

in

the text

which need only be mentioned, eg.

The
le,

so-called

ne, re 'm

mutes

/,

n, r,

itself,

pronounced

e/,

some

of

en, er in Latin,

Gaelic (490, 511, 2981).

The frequent absence

omission, of f and
ni

of

aspiration,

or

aspiration

s,

aimser fota 1576,

ae

aiges (408,9).

by

INTRODUCTION

xlvi

confusion owing to the distance of the gloss from

The
text;

e.g.,

15 15

glossed at

is

1637, 1533-5 at

its

1675, 1577 at

1686, 1579 at 1687, 1591 at 1692, 1609-14 at 1695.

The tendency

of words and phrases Hke alt co fesear

(827, 1686), 2infogn{ (1336, 1871) to

The French pronunciation

become

technical terms.

of Latin, sirqundimus (4125),

sircuim (4132), sircumplex (4784), siicuitas (2531), resulting

in important changes in Gaelic, isinn Asia (2571) for isind

Achaidh

(251).

The rhymes, some apparently without sense (806), some

without metre (1546), and some in metre but obscured by
glosses (253, 4360, 5932).

The etymological

reconstructions

co-fid/?r cubaid (1512),

ciallabair/?r ceileabar (1594),

QgdAt for fichit (4735),

>r

fgait,

sedhait (4737), segait

(4739),

hgfgad/6'r cic (1637),

co,

huamma/?r rim

(1638),

so-fis/?r seis (479),

gmilfor aicned
suad/?r uad (495),

ae

(501),

conod miait (508)/?r conid muiti

(495),

dorrae for tr (573), smitai, smit

ai

= aue)/?r

smita

(4649).

The

constant modernising of the text

ceithri

gne

(872), ceitheora

moam

moosoxn for
lugusom/?r lugam

gnee

(3747),

(658),
(659),

cinntechsom,cinntichu son (1258)/?r cinntechem (4368).

Syllable, the ultimate

except gender (1457).

mood, are

indicated

element of everything in Gaelic

Number,
by

case, person, degree, tense,

syllables,

whereas

there

is

no

INTRODUCTION
gender indicated

distinction of

traeth^seciinduni, quosdani is

xlvii

spelling

in

and

inod, tod,

aurlond (1496) or leading vvord

that indicates gender,

The

ascription of the

same poem

Colum

to

Cille (938),

and to Cormac (1596, 3867, 5351).

The

repetition of the

same passages

2622, shows that the present text

1487, 1502;

cf.

made up from

is

2616,

at least

two versions which sometimes contained the same material

in dififerent order.
Hence no doubt comes the disjointed
character of

The

many

passages.

following terms, however, are of importance in order

to understand the text

The word

inroconiraircnigsioniairne gives the

plan of inflection called

These eight

filltigthi,

key to the

prepositional cases (1515).

syllables are held to form

one word. According

grammatical methods the basis or unity is the
compound word of five syllables coniroircnigsemniar. It is
to our present

preceded by a relative pronoun

and

pre-verb

-ro-,

nominal

sufifix

regarded

all

scribes

it

-ni.

is

followed

But

the

and by an enclitic or
by an emphasising pro-

ati-

native

Irish

wrote the whole as one word.

proclitics

grammarians

these syllables as parts of one word, and the

were not

inflections, of the

separate

words, but

accented word.

In

rather

(1529)
clitic,

filltigthi,

Accordingly, they wrote

frissinfer as one word, an inflected form o fer,

a distinct technical name.

opinion

their

This also explains

and gave

how

is

it

fer

comes into the scheme. Is was an unstressed proand as such was treated as part of the word following.

They

did not observe that is fer, a tharascbil, had already

been dealt with under the head o fer, a ainmniugud ; nor

did they recognise identity of case and

inflection

words which they wrote

hifer^frissinfer; fofiur^ iarfiur (1525).

in

the

NTRODUCTION

xlvii

of

Classiication

prepositions,

or

any

explanation

of

was thus rendered unnecessary.

rim, which later means oblique case

infixed pronouns (653)

Another flexion

Of this

(786).

is

flexion there are three kinds outward, inward,

and both combined outward ut est,fer. There is no flexion

in the word as it stands in the nom., but there may be
:

flexion in the context,

is

e.g.,

in the accus., lasin {bf)fer; fir

an inward flexion oi fer ; and

in fer

capable of both,

is

dondfiur.

e.g.,

Tcebreijn prosta

fadin

external flexion of m,

i^'do) is

the side-flexion,

/.'.,

the

t, etc.

Trfhocul rhymes with gl-accur (2179), and hence-has

and
" is

It

f.

ledge of

its

means "three words"

secret," z>.,

very hard," considering that

have been found comprised under

Trfhocul -came to

mean

"

"and the knowcame to be so named,

(2018),

probably how

it

already thirty-six words

its

species

iri

Irish" (2021).

a collection of precepts for the

correction of incorrect versification.

{anochi), there

For each of the twelve

were two correctives, each

technical

faults

having

technical name, one belonging to the class called

its

scath, the other to that called gm'iis.

Thus the whole system

ofcorrect versification would have beeii comprised under a

mnemonics, each mnemonic consisting of three heads,

the name of the fault and the name of its two correctives
in short, it was a three-word scheme, and accurately named
set of

The original scheme of two correctives for each

commended (2010-3), and still adhered to in rudrach

Trfhocul.
error

is

(2047),

and

in

uathadfri hilar (2057).

But

later refinements

led to overlapping in the application of the correctives.

Hence we find in the poem that a particular fault may be

corrected or avoided by having recourse to

device of each

We
The

more than one

class, scath or gnis.

read that the 24 helps are increased to 47 (2126).

(2035-2071) totals 48, not 47; the second list

first list

INTRODUCTION
(2083-2118) totals 51; the third

The

may
Roman

discrepancies

reading of the

xlix

(2131-2176) totals 48.

list

be purely scribal, and due to a misnumerals,

read as

e.g., iii.

iv.,

as

ii.

v.,

a constant source of error.

What

the

is

corrective?

will

It

between

difference

be found that

except lugugud, the acjdition

purely

artificial

distortions

diminutive

the words

of

gnmst, except cennfochrus

called

kinds

those called

all

of a

two

the

suffix,

are

whereas those

tis, airichill, dechtied,

dichned, are in accordance with strict

of

scith,

and

grammatical usage

the use metri causa of sofer instead of fer {serugud)

e.g.,

dofer instead

o'i

fer {derugud)

syllables {lorga fuach), or of

the use of

omitted,

iss, issi,

e.g.

one syllable

issed {tirlonn insce),

iss

the addition of two proclitic

ind ala gnis dg

{dia/t n-etarlme)

where they might be

dil,

urlonn insci ria hairim,

(where

completes the number of syllables required but

issi

might be dispensed with,

without

it)

my

number were complete

the

the use of singular for plural {en),

creid

"

if

quatrain,"

uaim

meaning

(all

fhuilet (2198)

e.g.

"

= meni

rann,

the quatrains of)

the use of plural for singular {Idn),

meni

mo

fin, is for

e.g.

my poem "

fuil.

There must be some distinction of ideas in thetwo terms.

are or were originally the natural devices, and

The gnisi

the scith the artificial devices for avoiding metrical faults,

and

perhaps the words were adopted on that principle,

gnis being the natural part of the

ward

off

an enemy, sciath the

man on

artificial

the outloolc to

implement

for the

same purpose.

similar

touch of imagination emerges

in

regarding

INTRODUCTION

head and heart as being supports of man, the male behig

(1808, 4994), and the further refinements of lnovina and ther
In the original notion
gene, mated pairs and their progeny.
doubtless the distinction was based on gender, but that fact
forgotten, and

was

the examples are lnomna deime

mated couples (mas. and fem.

(4999),
to

among

dem

(a thing

which

in

grammar), belonging
This usage

neuter in nature).

is

even extended to quantity, which

is

still

is

more remote from

the original idea of gender.

The same tendency

to

appears

personification

in

the

suggested distinction a^xiow^ forcomt^frecomt, and degcomt

(1818)

forcomt^ defensive

frecomt,

armament

armour, as kneecap on knee

that which protects by supplying

and degcomt,
and vigour.

knuckles

of offence, as

life

Ogiiam.

Ogham

alphabet was not of Irish origin (388, 2771).

" Vielleicht,"

Chr.

ist

says Zimmer, "schon

dem

2.

Jahrhundert

n.

der Verkehr des keltisch-romischen Westgalliens mit

seiner alten Kolonie,

dem

keltischen Irland, die Einfiihrung

und

des Ogamalphabets in Irland

geschiedenen

aufrechtstehende

zuzuschreiben (SPA., 8th Dec. 1910,

According to MacNeill

(p.

die

Sitte,

Steinpfeiler

dem Dahinzu

errichten,

p. 1096).

335) the origin of the

alphabet must be placed after the

Roman

Ogham

conquest of Gaul,

because prior thereto the Western Celts of the continent used

the Greek alphabet, and Ogham is based on the Latin alphabet.
In our knowledge of written Gaelic,

Ogham

inscription

bounds the horizon, and the identity in value of the

symbols with later MS. tradition is clear, with

Ogham
a

few

exceptions.

Group.

Oghamists are agreed that F, the third

group, must be read as

in inscriptions.

letter

of the

INTRODUCTION

Group.

the Klkenny Arch. /ourna/, July 1874,

In
G.

M. Atkinson suggested that

first

li

group

this

Gaelic numerals, haon, do,

five

ceathar,

tri,

the objection that en in O.I.

with a substantive

after the

This

ciiig.

suggestion, without touching on the origin of H,

Mr

231,

P-

named

is

open

is

to

used only in composition

is

but in the meantime it furnishes a useful

mnemonic, and, as it stands, it indicates a possible connection
between this group and nunierosa, No. IV. of the duodecini
latinitates of

The

Maro,

p. 89,9.

with regard to H, the

difficulty is

first

letter of the

has two powers, ad mota-

and ad fortitudineui, distinctions which correspond to

tioneni

the values in the text

(767),

According to Maro

group.

and

(2)

B cuni

{i)

H non

est litera

aspiratione pro

-p

sed nota aspirationis

ponitur (433).

no demonstrated instance of H occurring in any

of the Ogham inscriptions, and the sign may have originally
been devised to represent a consonant value which became

There

is

rare or obsolete before the time of the extant inscriptions

and the

value of

first

identified with, the

was attracted

symbol when the

to,

letter

and became

became

familiar

through Latin sources.

An endeavour is here made to establish the second

Ogham value of H from the following considerations.

stop sibilant existed in Gaelic

sponding to Gaulish D, which

Lat. i-uuenc-us,

Cym.

ieu.

Ir. -ac,

The

is

rendered

iJiuinnis, \^2X.

But

Ped.

6"r.

51), corre-

ieu-anc ; also without

this

sound

is

S,

c,

represented by

probable by the occurrence of

juvenes, riu,

sound
probably r,

this sibilant

Tasg-os, and

{cf.

sometimes written

sibilant representing / appears also in

That

s-, s-u, s--oni.

Cym.

is

or

e.g.,

Ir.
Ir.

a,

as

Ogham

the

form

viii. 5.

is

also written

e.g.,

do-bidc

d,

e.g.,

= -dibirc

Tadg =
{cf

Brr

INTRODUCTION

lii

Garad

Brg Garad

for

following

of

g.s,

vvould give the

This value

Garad).

Br

Ogham B + H = P.

Again the three Ogham accents are represented in the

text by the letters d, s, n, (4800).
At lines 430, 2877,
hovvever, are found the three supplementa written h,

except that at line 2878 for

of length

Teora

and a

for s),

This leaves a probability

substituted for n.

is

n,

written the Latin sign

(T has a sign that may be meant

particular sign

that here

s=/?rj-rt://is

s,

has the same value as D.

ind Uraicepto (430, 2877) seem to be the

{cf. Origg. i. 3, 6), not of the Ogham but

fiiillti

three supplenienta

of the Auraicept, that

Ogham

is,

they are additions

to the

orthographic system by the grammarians of the MS.

tradition.

If this

Hmitation be correct, examples of supple-

menta need hardly be looked

No

made

on

opinion

Oghamists

for

this

point

the ancient Oghams.

for in
is

obtainable

the word forbaid

is

modern

from

hardly knovvn, and

Oghamists have hitherto ignored it. The word, however,

examples in the Book of
vvith deinitions and

occurs

Ferchertne (810, 3633) one of the oldest parts of the text,

and some of its provisions are exemplified, e.g.^ n (of cenn) is

Ogham (439) e.g. Qenvendani, Ile/i^o-ou 1/^09

On the other hand a large number of
357).

not doubled
(Ped. Gr.

in

inscriptions contain double letters.

While some of

these,

indicated in the
s, may perhaps be accents as
Auraicept, others like cc (1358, 1825) and 11 (4788) obviously
are not. Rhys Pedersen {Gr. 4), and others incline to think

dd and

them signs of

lenition.

Group.

The fact that the third symbol has the efifect of two
letters ng proves nothing as to that combination (4925).
In

Ogham

inscriptions

the letters,

if

different syllables, are written separately,

they belong to

Ir.

Ep.

i.

49.

INTRODUCTION

Hii

The fourth symbol is sad to represent sr or str, and the

examples Stru 247, 2562, Streulse 5690, Strannan 5795, seem
sufficient to establish that sound.
The other examples point
to a rare or obsolete sound like English z, e.g., stmlach 5695,
srghuindeacht 5801, sst 5727, srorca 5700,

No

authenticated instance of this symbol has been found

in inscriptions.

A
The simple vowels have

Group.

same order and value

the

as in

Latin.

no distinction of long and short vowels has

In epigraphy

hitherto been observed.

Ea
The

Diphthong Group.

or

and the

first

last

symbols ea and ae are

inter-

changed.

The doubling

of each letter in

the explanatory script

(1143) shows that the symbols stand for long vowels as well
as diphthongs.

and e

The symbol
cf.

Examples are given

MacNeill,

p.

The symbol

for (1369) is also

and

335,6)

Prof MacAlister

Owing

Cryptograms

B and H

(/r.

to

his

Ep.

i.

is

for

{Ir.

is

since the study of the

Ep.

ii.

83

y.

also used for x,

Ep.

ii.

which

is

144-8) has called attention to

perhaps two

of

Nathair im Ceann

axiom that the Oghams were not

66),

he

is

unwilling to allow that the

groups were consciously interchanged

this interchange

contemplated (Aur.

p.

(ii.

26, 140).

306, 42),

Oghams was elementary work

scribed for junior students, the

many

used

medial

(oc).

{Ir.

an excellent example
(5821).

for

for 8B (1365,70)

regarded as a double c

But

of e and o (2873), of e

(1285).

wonder

of the epigraphs are in regular

is

and
pre-

perhaps that so

Ogham.

INTRODUCTION

liv

A Harmony
I.

1-62

between the
II.

Two

Families of Texts.
I.

II.

INTRODUCTON
II.

903

Iv

INTRODUCTION

Ivi

II.

1695

II.

AURAICEPT NA N-ECES

AURAICEPT
BB. 314 a 16

E. 19/3 14

nEges

Auraicept na

Incipit

rotebed

eraicept,

-l

Cid dianad toisseach seo

toiseach.

iar tiachtain din scoil

Don

ed toisseach arricht

isin Gaedilg, uair is

gusna berlaib ammuich

la

doradadh
berla.

na

isin

Ar gach

filedaib

airi as foirleithiu

toisseach dim, uair

is

gach son

ogaim arbithin dorchadad.

beithi-luis ind

ara n-eb?rar berla tobaide din Gaedilg?

rotebedh as gach beria

-i-

Cest, cia tugaid

Ni ansa.

gach son fordorcha gach

Uair 10
berla,

gach

Cest idm, ina raibi Gaedelg resiu rotobaidhe

Robae emh, ar

da berla sechtmogat

na

fagbait?r

ni

lais-

tossuch

fo[fh]rith ined doib isin Gaedelg ara forleithi seach

mbescna.

ed

is

gimvi gach

ed ba toisseach

gach son fordorcha do riachtain

tebi

Fenius

forrdorcha robae in gach bescno 7 in gach berlu,

Gaedilg, conad

gach

er

ar

Ni ansa.

Ni a/isa. 15
cia tir
rrugad Gaedeal ?
Ni ansa.
I
Ocus cia airm sonnrud?
Egipti.
descertaig
rraind iartharaig
mmaigh Ucca
Gaidel
Cia in scoil dus-cuaid gu suidhe ? Ni ansa.
mac Etheoir mic Toe mic Barachaim do Grecaib Scitie
Ni ansa. 20
Cest, cia met don-uc di ?
(no Scithie) (col. ^).
A huiledeto genmotha inni rothormachtatar fihd tria
fordorchadh iar torrachtain gu Fenius. Cest, cia berla
cheana.

ar

Cest,

nEgipt.

Araicept andso
1

sis

^.[305]

ur E.

roboi,

Goedelg, ar gach mberla E.

bescnu E.
'^

^^

rotopad

1"

ar a n-eiper, teipide E.

i''

remrad E.

^**

dacuaidh .

-'''

L. dunuch B.

^^

rotormactar E.

ar Q=^yuam') in

lasin filid E.
ae

^"
:

E.

**

^^

MSS.,

asin

cest writtenout

ana rugad E.

Barrcaimh, Sgeithegda E.

dotormachtadar L.

THE PRIMER
Primer of the Poets, that

Incipit

of lessons, for every beginning

beginning?

Not

hard.

To

is

eraicept,

is,

To what

er.

the

beginning
is

this

was
selected in Gaelic since this is the beginning which was
invented by Fenius after the coming of the school with
the languages from

existed

every

selection

that

abroad, every obscure sound that

and in every language was

put into Gaelic so that for this reason it is more comprein

speech

hensive than any language.

Er

then

every beginning,

is

was the beginning with the poets, that every

obscure sound should come in the beginning, to wit,
the Beithe Luis of the Ogham on account of obscurity.
Ouery, what is the reason why select language should
for

this

be said of GaeHc? Not hard. Because it was selected

from every language
and for every obscure sound of
every language a place was found in Gaelic owing to
;

its

comprehensiveness

beyond

then, did not Gaelic exist before

every

Query,

speech.

was selected

?
It did
indeed, for the seventy-two languages are not found other-

wise.

Query,

In Egypt.
the plain

what land was Gaedel born

And what
of

Who

Egypt.

in

it

Ucca

in

of the

particular place?

the

it

Not hard.

Not hard.

South-Western

school went to

division

thither?

In

of

Not

Gaedel son of Ether, son of Toe, son of Baracham,

a Scythian Greek.
Query, how much did he bring
of it? Not hard.
The whole of it except what poets
added by way of obscuration after it had reached Fenius
hard.

AURAICEPT

BB. 314^18

duna

E.

scchtmogat rotaisealbad do Fenius

ar is e ba tochu lais
Ni ansa. Berla Feni

di berlaibh

tossuch?

dia scoil 7

is

rugad on

e rodn-alt asa oetid 7

Et

tur.

is

gach mbeascna

ar a forleithi seach

icon

7 is

quam

mbad

in

GEdelg?

Caide

tossach.

Cest,

in

tuir la

mine 7 a forleithiu.
Ni
gach mbescna?
tur,

bamede

en dia taiseal- 35

tossuch.

claind

du riachtain 30
Ni ansa em.

aimsear 7 perso 7 tugait

Loc di in tor Neamrua[i]d,

loc

Ni ansa.

aga arricht

taigh

inas)

quam gach mbescna, conid

leithiu

din

(-i-

uaisli

Gaidelg?

cetna bescno rugad on

is

bad

is

quam

lethiu

Uair

ansa.

ar

inas)

(-i-

bad

ni

ilib

a cuibdi, ar a edruma, ar a

Cid ar nad

co

berlaib

isna

raibi

tossuch

Ar

Fenius

ndeimniughudh

conidh aire sin toisseach rotaissealbad.

tur,

nach

scoil 7 25

e berla toisseach

7 Greic 7 Laitin la

Eabra

robE

soom din

e ba

riasu tissa/ on Scithia 7 ni rainig a leas a

19/333

Aimsear

di

aimser chum-

Persu di Sachab mac

Adaimh.

Rochemhurcos 7 Gaedel mac Etheoir mic Thoe mic 40

Ni
Caidhe tugaid ?
Barachaim do Grecaib Scithia.
araile
Asberait
cumtuch.
di
Tor Nemrua[i]dh
ansa.
rrugad, conidh
conid tugait Gae-(3i5)-del du dul isin tir
i

he toissech roscrib

taiblibh 7

rud dianad ainm Calcanensis.

llegaibh isin lug sond-

and roscrib Gaedel

Is

in 45

Cid ar a n-abar bescna domunda din Gaedhilg

Ni ansa.
briathar lasna hegnadu eolcha ?
ata
di
nach
7
domundaibh
chaingnib
Arinni aisnedes du ceastaib 7 du
Cid ara n-ep^T comad borb fiadh
eter tuaith 7 eglais.

Gaedealg.

Dia

inti legas in

"^

Gaedhelg

"

rr

b,

and etT 50

to be wearied, marginal gloss,

probably in.tended for n"!*?,

^8

nAdaim

di ata briathar

mac Roceimbruigemicos E.

^4

25

39

Ni

2308, which puts Gredel.

^ nanraibe E.
^^ arricht tsaig E.
''^
a thuccait E.

Fenius ar E.

7 ire rodnalt B.
31 quam MS. ar.

dib,

E.

32

Something omitted,
tidecht E.
forlethne E.

and referring to tables

margin glosses 314 B.

table,

-i-

urlabra

37

cf.

YBL.

rothaiselb E.
jon E.

of stone, Ex. xxiv. 12

(i) doseadad ambi logos,

(2) beascna

^9

cf.

alogii,

Origg,

Deut.

viii. 5,

iv.

13, etc.

Lower

26
'*''

sunraig E.

THE PRIMER

Query, what language of the seventy-two was publshed

by Fenius first? Not hard. The Irsh Language
for
.

it

whom

he

is

had reared from

youth, and

his

youngest of the school, and on account of

siveness beyond every speech, and

it

its

was the

was brought from the Tower.

that

he

he that was the

is

it

whom

he preferred of his school, and

comprehen-

first

language

Fenius had Hebrew,

Greek, and Latin before he came from Scythia, and he

had no need to establish them at the Tower, wherefore

on that account it was published first. Query, was there

among

not

many languages something

the

precedence of Gaelic
of

nobler to take

No

Not hard.

indeed, on account
and comprehensivecomprehensive than any

aptness, lightness, smoothness,

its

Wherefore

ness.

is

it

Not hard.

speech?

-more

Because

was the first speech

it was of such extent
was more comprehensive than any speech so
was the one to be published at first.
What
it

that was brought from the Tower,

that

it

that

it

are the
hard.

place, time, person,

Its

was invented
the
of

at

and cause of Gaelic?

the

Tower

first.

Its

place,

Tower by Adam's
Rochemhurcos and

Nimrod,

of

for

Not

children.

Its

Gaedel

son

The

hard.

there

it

time the time of building

person Sachab son
of

Ether, son

of

What

its

Toe, son of Baracham, a Scythian Greek.

cause?

Not

is

building of Nimrod's Tower.

Others say the cause was that Gaedel went into the
land in which he was born so that he was the

wrote

which

it

is

on tablets and stones

named

Wherefore

is

in

'

who

reads Gaelic

Not

hard.

relates of worldIy questions

both of laity and clergy.

is

Gaelic.

said of Gaelic, since

not referred to by the learned sages?

it

Wherefore

rude before

that

the particular place

There Gaedel wrote

Calcanensis.

'worldly speech

account of what

first

God ?

is

it

Not

it

is

On

and cases

said that he
to

it is

refer-

AURAICEPT

BB.3i5a8

E.aoa

acht do uildeataid na feallsamnachta eter gramadaigh 7

dileachtaigh 7 nm, amal atbert in filz:
Foglaim, feallsamnacht is fas,
Legeand, gramadach, zs gluas,
Litirdheacht
Is

nach fellsamnacht

in

na ndenaid mi-ughdair

fri

Cest,

ocus rim

leir

beg a mbrig

for

nimh

55

thuas.

Ni ansa em, acht

Gaedhealg?

dereadh

domain

in

ar thucait

a nderscnaighthi seach na n-ughdrt;7^ toisseacha, no

as bescna

domunda and

eire[te]acht

ind

^nndi diadha

aibres

7 daen/a 7

is

is

neach

dorigni

ed

sin

borb

is

ind 60

n-aigidh na

fiad

Dia and.

Caidi log 7 aimser 7 perso 7 tugait scribind in Urai-

XfcMff"-

cepta? Ni oenlog tra lasna cethri Hbro, amal atbert in

a n-as tuiseach,

ed as toisseach

ed

-i-

is

a n-as toisseach iar n-urd lebhurda,

is

is

ed as dedhenacho arricht

-i-

lebor Cindfaeladh mic Oilella.

Log

tucait

naill

mac

aimser 7 perso

scribind in libhuir

mic ^Eda mic Ainmireach.

Oilella, tugait a scribind a

a cind Chindfaelad
in

catha sin

Maidm

laidib duroni

in fear

'na chois dar

sin

Dom-

hiwchind dermait du beim

Conghal ina

ngealtacht, acht

muir gen airiugudh

is

ar

in

Erennaich 75

Dubhdiadh a ainm

-i-

bhem acind

buadha
nDomnall
a mhed du

Ceithri
gaei re

d'AIbanachaib do breith

inchind dermaid du

etz.

do

for

65

Perso do Cendfaeladh 70

cath Muighi Rath.

ina firindi; et Suibni

y_7^ 5'io

fil/:

deghenach, a n-as dedhenach,

is

Cindfaeladh, log do Daire Luran, aimser do aimser

\

ed

is

fhellsamnacht dimhain

Cindfasladh ar a

mhed

do bhriathraibh

7 do legeand rothaisigh.
Asberat tra augdair na nGaideal
Cid ara n-ebairtseom, asberat na hughtair robadar remi ? uair is e Cendfaelad 80

fhilideacht 7

53'!

56

CZ.

IX.

470.

'''

^'J

51

amaires dogn E.

"^

ecc Domnaill

CharlesO'Connor
^"

MR.

^s

ag

^^ gramatagda gluas E.
feallsamlachta E.
gluais B.
Origg. viii. 5, 28 6, i, 19 et secj.
toisechu E.
''
'"
persa E.
iar n-urd leabur Ailella E.
:

gun rgfuas E.

mac Aodha R[ig] E[renn] A.D. 642, marginal note by

70 pgrsu E.
Luran Cuili Dremnigh T.
'L " bei E.

s,

rian Domnail E.
caich o sin a leith.
Et an fer
liubair aile seo T.
do Albancaibh E.

279, note e

airfite

'^'

"^*

do
">

ngeilt re geltacht E.

Albun
gen artrach E.
.feraibh

slicht

THE PRIMER
ence made here at

grammar,

but to the whole of philosophy, both

all,

cHalectic,

and metrics

as the poet said

Learning and philosophy are vain,

Reading, grammar and gloss,
Diligent literature and metrics,

Small their avail

Query,

heaven above.

not philosophy

Gaelic

is

in

Not

(No)

hard.

indeed save that which minor authors towards the end

make

of the world

as a

means

beyond the former authors

selves

worldly speech and vain philosophy,

the unbelief which any one has
divine and

human, and that

themwhat are

for distnguishing

is

or this

is

the heresy and

viz.,

shown against the truth,

the meaning of rude
*'

before God.'

What

are the place, time, person, and cause of writing

Not one place have the four books, as the poet

What
last what is last is first, to wit, what
is first according to book order was invented last
to
wit, the book of Cennfaeladh, son of Oilill.
As regards
the Primer?
says

is first is

place, time, person,

Cennfaeladh

its

and cause of writing that book of

place Derry Luran,

its

time the time

of Domnall, son of Aed, son of Ainmire.

Cennfaeladh son of

Oilill;

person

Its

cause of writing

that his

it,

brain of oblivion was dashed out of Cennfaeladh's head in

the battle of Moira.

Rout of Conghal
and Suibne

in

in

Four glorious events of that battle

his lie before Domnall in his truth

madness, but

it

is

owing to the quantty

poems he had made the Scotsman bcaring the Irishalong with him over sea without being noticed, Dubh
Diadh was his name and his brain of oblivion being
dashed out of Cennfaeladh's head, owing to the extent of
of

man

poetry, words, and reading that he amassed,

Now

the authors of the Gael say

say that the authors

who were

before

him

Why
'

say

did
'

he

since

AURAICEPT

BB. 3I539

arang in lebar-sa

E.20a29

Ocus na

brollach 'md Auraicepta.

-i-

ugdair na nGedheal, roba he sein Fenius Farsaigh J lar

na n-ilberla mac Nema. Ni ansa. Ar uaisli na haimsiri
asrubairt

aimsiri frecnairci uair gebidh in aimsir frecnairc

-i-

arna huilib aimseraib,

dicitur : Prescens tevipus pro oiimi-

bus teniporibus ponitur

-i-

forna huilib aimseraib,

fhocul

mbit

dicitur lego

-i-

da

in

sam(l)aigther in aimsir frecnairc

Cinnas on

7 se ig a

nach cantar

shilk<^

\egha.im,

quando

dicis (col.

-go \/]uando dicis -go], preterituni est

^^\aib

85

rdh

int aen-

n-aenaimsir ut

^)

Xo,- ,

le-

-i-

futuruni

est

intan raide

90

chugut int shills:^^ dedenach

seachmadhato seachat int shillab thoisenach. Defir on
amal asbert in Laidneoir Tenipus non diuiditur sed opera

int

toisich todachaiche

nostra diuiditur

acht

nochon

\-

haugdaraib robadar

aimsear fhogailter and

in

Ni

ngnimradh-ne.

ar

dno

hi

n-aenaimsir

intan roraidh, asberait auctair na nGaedeal.

tuc-somh a ar tus sun/a?

7 is uaisli

is

i[s]

si

tugait in berla Peni

gnim n-ingnad n-indligtheach

Cidh ara

sruithiu

is

i-

neam

fedaibh

berla Feniusa) 100

(-i-

gnim n-ingnadh

ingnath ara ainmenci, indlightheach ara uaibrigi

for

95

wgw'Oxaigib.

Co mbad

Z.^2"^'^'

uair

-i-

dona

frecra

is

fen tuc Ceannfaelad

ris

ina corpaib collaidib gan comairlechudh

-i-

fri

-i-

triall

Dia.

uile

and i- cimitach in tuir NeamIn Neamruadh sin tra trenfhear sil Adaimh
in[a] aimsir e, Neamruadh mic Cuis mic Caimh

mic

Noe.

Ni

haimsir

Nin

Porcsemnacair
ruaidh.

gu

toisig

bai

mic

iaramh
Bel

acht

nama badar and go

sin

sechtmogat iaramh robadar

^i

ocus an L. E.

robathesein E.

samaigt//^;- E.

^"

cf.

83

NihiB.

1*'

noisE.

ina aimsir he L.

100

v. 31,

tucait airic E.

for

in

doman

mad comhairlidhe 7
Da comhairlidh
domun isin aimsir

anall.

isin

'^

Origg.

aenrigh

105

-^

''

cf.

Gr. Lat,

iii.

191, 2

diuiduntur, fodlaitfr E.

"3.6

Nemruad

E.

los,

comairlig L.

Nemruaidh

B.

comairlede E.

110

THE PRIMER
Cennfaeladh

it

invented

that

And

Prologue of the Primer.

that vvas Fenus Farsaidh, and lar of the

Not hard [2nd

son of Nema.

nobility of the time he said

he puts the present time

put for

is

le-

vvhen

is

future

first

nostra

you

i.e.,

syllable

the Latinist

as

one

at

said

dividuntur,

it

the present time, for

:

ut dixit

who

ut

is

the

the

syllable,

first

That

to you.

is

time

not

is

they
read,

natural

is

divided

not a reference

is

first

last
last]

sed opera

that

same time

has he placed a

among

eldest

lego,

and [when you say the

lived at the

Why

the Gael say.'

the present

i.e.,

dicitur^

which Cennfaeladh gave vvhen he said

it

Praesens

that? since he says

This however,

there but our actions.

to the authors

many languages,
Owing to the

Tenipus non dividitur

i.e.,

the

[quando dicis-go] praeteritum

preterite

is

is

say the

to you,

viz.,

tvvo syllables, that

time,

dicis \Q-futuruni est-go

syllable

the

How

which are

in

not spoken

quando
est

is,

times

for all

times.

all

one word

f the

are

Ans.].

that

pro ouinibns teuiporibns ponitur^

tenipiis

time

it,

book,

this

the authors of the Gael,

'

vvith

himself

the authors of

Because

here?

and the noblest among

letters

vovvels.

the

Tliat this is
(that

that

is
is,

reason

Fenius' speech)

for

an unusual deed, unusual

for

its

its

fleshly bodies

without permission of God.

Which happened

there,

i.e.,

Novv that Nimrod vvas champion of

seed

his

son

of

till

the

their

all

Adam's

Nimrod, son of Cush, son of Ham,

There

Noah.

the world

vvas

not

then

time of Nin, son

any king over

of Bel,

but only

up till that
Seventy-two counsellors accordingly were in the

counsellors
time.

time,

in

the building of Nimrod's

Tower.
in

infrequency,

an attempt on heaven

unlawful for

pride,

Language

the Irish

a deed wonderful, unlawful,

and

chiefs

vvere

in

existence

lO

AURAICEPT

BB. 315/3 22

ndernad

Ba he dno

in tor.

Neamruad.

in

fer

muige

for mila

-i-

dara comairlib sechtmogat

Trenfear sidhe dno /

aigibh 7 fiadhuch

E. 20^3

an

selg

-i-

7 arrcheasaib

-i-

for
for

mucaib alltaib 7 fornelaib -i- for enaib, co mbidis sochaidi

do dhainibh ica leanmain samlaidh co mba lia -i- hi sloghaib 115
Conid
7 co mba nertmairi oldas comhairlid samhlaidh.
he dorimtas (-i- rotimairg) na da comairHb sechtmogat sin

dhenum in tuir la hua brathar a athar

hiarmo der[b]brathar a shenathar -i- la Fallec mac
Ragua mic Arfaxat mic Sem mic Noe 7 ba he sen in 120
dara comairlib sechtmogat cena go sin. Et asberatsomh
iarum co mad aencomairlib 7 inann tuismidh doib uile
i

n-aencomairli do

i-

la

in

Faillec.

in tor, acht

chena

airmed

ni

anmanda na

seacht fear ndeg ba haireg[d]u 125

Neamruad, Eber, Latinus, Riab^,^ Scot,

FaiIIec,

-i-

da fhear

sun^/ anman<frt: na

ndernad

lais a

scribenda acht
dib

imchomarc

Is

sechtmogat

Nabgodon, Assur, Ibath, Longbardus, Bodbus, Brittus,

Germanus, Garath, Scithius, Gotius, Bardanius, Sardain.
Acht chena is e in cetri iar ndilind iar n-aicniud -i- Neamruadh.
Is e

ono

Pluliris

iar

n-ugdaracht

mic Agomolis

mic Assuir mic

anni

sin.

fi'rbeith in

anni

sin.

cumdach

Noe.

Atcotaidhi-seom dno

Et asberat Neamruadh co mbad a ainm-seomh

gnima siiL Adrodamas (-i- rodaimed) dno dosom 135
Tredhe xdiu ar a ndernad la claind nAdaim
in tuir sin

-i-

ar
"^'^

comairlidh E.
n-aencomairlid E.

'2"

Ragu

'22

oentusidh E.

'2'i

Eiber

'^'

ugdaras E.

'*'

Adcotaitise E.

'*'

Adrodmus
cf.

Fronosis mic Gitlis mic Tiris

Semh mic

"^

corrupt,

Nin mac Bel mic PIoisc mic

-i-

rnic

111, 17, 22
i

n-eladhain in Fallec remraite. 130

Is e sin in cetri iar

'21

E.

.\-

mac

'-'

Salai E.

imuamhan na
Luke

iii.

E.

-i'

anmand

vii. 2, 13
rotechtaid-sium L.

Androdamas

2418,9, which

is

cac/

E.

'-s

E.

^^

^iiii fer

E,

Sgarath, Sgithus, Gotus, Sardanius E.

Orosius
:

oldas

hiarmuadh E.
35
comairligh, conaigi sin E.

St.

Fallecc sin.
'-'^

i'

seilg E.

dileand duridhisi

cf.

translated.

Origg.

'''-

'*
vii. 6,

Piliris, Ithlis E.

ndamaimh
22

B.

xvi. 15, 8

passage

THE PRIMER

ii

Now

world at the time n vvhich the Tower was made,

one of the ^2 was

and a man famous
in

Nimrod.
in

mighty man was

hunting, to

coursing, to wit, for hares

and

stags

for

wit,

in

he

and

trappings, to wit,

So that thus
multitudes of men were following him so that he was
more numerous, to wit, in armies and so that he was
thus more powerful than a counsellor, So that it was he
wild pigs

who

in snarings, to wit, for birds.

united those ^2 counsellors to one counsel to

Tower with

the
to

and

with

wit,

the grandson

the

of his

make

brother,

father's

grandson of his grandfather's

Arphaxad,

great

brother, to wit, with Peleg son of Ragau, son of

son of Shem, son of Noah.

72 counsellors, too, up

same parent

to

Peleg was

therefore that

of

them

the one

all.

17

Peleg,

wit,

and

the

say
the

the names

is,

Tower was made,

writings do not enumerate but the names
men who were most illustrious among them,

only that

to

counsellor

question here

whom

of the 72 counsellors by

of the

And he was one of

And they
that time.

Nimrod, Eber,

the

Latinus,

Rabiath

Scot,

Nabgodon, Assur, Ibath, Longbardus, Bodbus, Brittus,

Germanus,

Garath,

But

Sardain.

Scithius,

Gotius,

according to nature was Nimrod.

king according to
to

art,

however,

authority,

Gitlis,

it

said that

him.

and

was Nin son of

first

According
Bel,

son of

of Agomolis, son of Fronosis,

son of Tiras, son of Assur, son of Shem,

He

Nimrod
it was his name that should be on that work
Adrodamas, i.e., that thing also was granted

son of Noah,

for ever.

That was the

the Peleg aforesaid.

Plosc, son of Pluliris, son

son of

Bardanius,

after the flood the first king

any rate

at

Three

things,

thing.

on

of

then,

account

which

the

Tower was accomplished by Adam's

building

of

children,

to wit, for

that

obtains, then, that

dread of the flood again, and that

12

do dul

AURAICEPT

BB. 3i5i3 49

neamh doib

for

E. 30|3 23

'na corpaib

don talmain

7 d'

urdairciugud a n-anmandh dia n-eis, conid de sin asbert

righ nimhi

muintir nimi (316): Uenite ut uideanius 7 140

fri

confundantus lingas eorum

\-

achtnaighem berla innani

Adaimh
festais
-

^jfnMm^

\]^-

fri

Ba mor tra cumachta

ic denum in tuir

sin.

7 a nneart isin aimsir sin

iaramh

ai^niesc-sen

dib

co rofegam 7 gu romel-

tait

aroili

robhae cumachta righ nimhi uaso, conru-

[in]

-i-

'

conremesc impu.

damh

tuc

cloch

'

In tan asberad neach 145

ba crand doberead

lecca forsa suaitea in chre 7 na f^rchai dia suaitea,

sin cco'md J clocha
?[\id

asin

Scithia

cianaib

rotoiwtnigedar

(i-

tur, air

iat

dorum^adar 150

magen

dodochusaigeder)

-i-

na

is

gnimaib-sea du

iarsna

do

[n-]arnechta na hilberla

-i-

Dolodar tra

no-imluaighdis eturru.

riab

cuingidh fogluma na n-ilberla icon

fordailte 7

sil

co

asa

Adhaimh,

shil

Dolodar iaramh gu mag

mag n-Ucna no mag nDoraimh

romeartis and iarna comlani.

Seannair dochum
i

in tuir

maigi Sennair ainm son/rudach na 155

n-iartharthuascert

Coigiurar sechtmoga[i]t a

vnnd'i forsata in tor.

i-

fear

dona

gach berla

tri

-i-

na

primberlaibh

-i-

tri

saidhi

Eabra

-i-

7 Greic 7 Laidean.

berla sechtmogat as gach berla dib-sen,

Fenius Farrsaid,
sen

isna

Scithia).
tri

i^-'
^*'^

ed ba hainm a

primberlaibh (cid
Is e fath

mberla sin ara

13!'

is

lin

siu

na

filed

gach primhberla

sai

is

Ceit/zrz

ed rofadlad and.

\.tus'\gh

na-tis<?</

ara cmrt/ier primhdhacht

ba

sai

tuaid
i

asin

lleith

med do eladhnaibh dorighnedh

na

estib

o Vulgate, Gen. xi.

'^^
conad E.
ticidh E.
7
^"'^ rodbe, conamessosen i- conromesc impu E.
no is inbaid E.
do cria suaite 7 do mitmuiw na clocha 7 na farcaidh dia suaitigh T.

i^ no-imluaidis E.

"" reib E. ree, fili T.

brethnag) H. T.
airecta B.
airdechta E.
''^
i'^' ^
romerdais E.
n-Iuchna, iart^?/;'-tuaisciurt E.
raindi, a llin E.
sechtmogat B. E. na fili T.
^'~
^^* rofor/bdlad E.
tri suidh ! suidh E.
i"''''
ba suid sen E. The parenthesis follows in B. E. 1. 165, notisis E.
''"

1''''

ar doruimnetar

(!

^'^'^

160

THE PRIMER
go

they should

that

so

to

heaven

in

on that account said

people of heaven (316):

the

King of heaven

the

is,

the

them,

illustrious after

Venite

fundanius linguas eormn, that

bodies from

their

and to render their names

earth,

13

videamus

tit

come

we may

that

Now

and confound those men's speech.

to

et con-

see

great was the

power of Adam's seed and their strength at that time in

making the Tower, that they might know thus whether
the power of heaven's King was over them, He confounded them, that

them would say

of

is,

He

to another 'fetch

me

a stick he would bring, to wit, the slabs

mortar was mixed

and

When

confused them.

a stone'

was

it

on which the

mallets by which

the

one

was

it

mixed, these are the sticks and stones which they were
talking about.

Novv poets came from Scythia a

after these doings

Tower

at the

to seek to learn the

since

they thought

they expected, of a place

and

in

i.e.

little

time

many languages

they supposed

i.e.

from which were dispersed

which had becn invented the many languages

by Adam's children that they would remain there in perfection.

They went therefore to the plain of Shinar unto
the Tower, that is, the plain of Ucna or the plain of
Doraimh in the North West of the plain of Shinar, a special

name

of the point on which

numbered

seventy-five, that

is

is,

the

one

The

Tower.

for

poets

each language, and

the three sages, to wit, a sage for each of the three principal

Hebrew, Greek, and

languages,

languages, which

is

what was dispersed

there.

in the principal

name

of their chief, and he

languages even before he came

from the North out of Scythia.

is

Seventy - four

every one of these languages, that was

Fenius Farsaidh was the

was a sage

Latin.

The reason why superiority

claimed on behalf of these three languages

the

amount

of compositions that were

made

is

owing

to

out of them,

AURAICEPT

BB. 3l6a23

14

arin

arin

cumasc rocumaiscit
roscribad

titul

estib

20^44

F.

tri

gach mberla, no dno

'na

triur

clar

na fuair Fenius comhlainius na mberladh icon

desciplu

scoil 7 a

forfodhail a

is

na croiche. 165
tur

chaithrecha 7 fo cen-

fo

nadcha in talman ar gach leath du fhoghlaim na mberla

cen
7 rosn-othrastar Fenius etir biathadh 7 etghudh
badar oca fhoghlaim -i- secht mberla 7 anais Fenius icon 170
tur 7 adrotreb co torracht a scol ina dochum di cach
i

inn

ead

and

is

ic

forcedul

sin.

Conad

bai

aird

hilchenel

de

Fenius

roan

aroili

domain

asbert

sin

tur

icon

fadesin

Asberat

adrothreabh.

in

auetair

ni

tur

icon

Hbair

curp

and

is

raibi

neach 175

mic lafeth mic Noe dia roghenedar

Gm'c 7 dia rochin Fenius ic cumtuch in tuir.
Debthir on, ar ni raibi cland etir ic lonau no ni raibi
lonan

cloind

di

fen

mac

in

sin

oc

lafeth

Ni

caite genelach Feniusa?

Hieronfmus

Cest,

dixit.

mac

Farrsaidh \diu

ansa.

180

No Fenius
Baath mic Magogh mic lafeth mic Noe.
mic
Laimfind
mic
Glunfind
mic
L)
(Eogain
Farsaidh mac
Semh
mic
Boinb
Etheoir mic Agno[ma]in mic Toe mic
mic Mair mic Ethecht mic Aurtecht mic Abodh mic
Aoi mic kxa mic lar^ mic Sru mic Esru mic Boath mic 185
Riafath mic

Gom^r mic

Sgithegdha

Fenius

iarna ngenek/zrtzA

lafeth mic

cuga

dach

in

tuir

[-i-

7rl.

berthar

Et robadar

nEbraidi 'na tengtha robai

Noe

isin

Scithi

Nse ar ceana.

sil

Gorthigernd L.]

Et dno

domun
7

is

ri

araile

i[s]

Gothi
Berla

cumh-

ed dno bhias

iar 190

'"
(do an fine i- dia fine) T.
cricha E.
ix. I, 3
^" ic forcetar E.
"" do biud 7 d' etach T.
na n-ilberlad E.
^~^ roaitreb, nach raibi E.
1" conad iarsin doroeipe doib in Gaidealg T.
^" rogein E. T.
"* ui Mac;>(/0 dixit E.
1 dia rogenetar E.
is^
i** Abbo, Aoi E.
lair E.
181
^** Adno?, Boidb E,
Magoth E.
^*'^
[a]con
tur E.
18'?
ceana
I,
I
13Origg. ix.
herah E.
189 nEbraide immorro is ed E.
nEbruidh -i- nEher a bruinnip T.
1 Gorthigernd ainm in berla robui ac mac t)e Deigerna 7 ac sil Adaimh L. T.

165

Origg.

168

THE PRIMER
and owing

15

mingling wherewith they mingled with

to the

it was owing to the superscription

was written out of the three of them upon the board

every language, or again

that

Since Fenius did not get a perfection of the

of the Cross.

languages at the Tower, he dispersed his school and his

disciples

abroad throughout the

cities

and

territories of

the earth on every side to learn the languages, and Fenius

supported them with both food and clothing whilst they

were so learning, to

wit,

seven languages

Fenius stayed at the Tower and dwelt

till

[I.

years],

his school

and

came

unto him from every direction, and he kept instructing the

many

Tower during that space

body of the book that
at the Tower and there he

races of the world at the

Hence he

of time.

said n the

Fenius himself remained there

Other authors say that of the children of lonan

Noah from whom the Greeks

dwelt.

son of Japheth son of

and from

originated

none

whom

at the building of the

Fenius

sprung, there were

Tower.

Jonan had no children at all,

or Japheth had not that son himself, iit Hieronymus
dixit.
Query, What is F'enius' genealogy? Not hard.

That

is

natural

for

Farsaidh, then, son of

Japheth,

son

of

Noah.

Baath, son

Or Fenius

of

Magog, son of

Farsaidh,

son

of

Eogan, son of White-knee, son of White-hand, son of

Ether, son of Agnoman, son of Toe, son of Bonb, son

Semh, son of Mar, son of Ethecht, son of Aurtecht,

son of Abodh, son of Aoi, son of Ara, son of lara, son
of

of Sru, son of Esru, son of Boath, son of Riafath, son of

Gomer, son of Japheth, son of Noah, etc. And besides

Fenius is a Scythian, and up to him are carried Scythians
and Goths according to their genealogies. And they were
all

the seed

of

Noah.

The

Hebrew language

is

the

tongue that was in the world before any building of the

Tower, and

it

is

it

too that will be after doomsday, and

l6

AURAICEPT

BB. 3l6a49

mbrath
nimhe.

tiachtain

lar

foglaim 7
n- (col.

mbad eadh nobeth

asberat araile co

iar

/3)

gusin saidh

tra

(-i-

a n-imdeachta) 7 a

andsin conaitchitar

is
(-i- a foghluma)
gu Fenius berla na beth oc neach

gresa

comad acco

thebiu doibh asna hilberlaib acht

nobeth, conad

muintir

la

dona desciplaib co Fenius o

taispenad a cuarta

-i-

E. 21 a 12

-i-

do 195

conairneacht doib in berla tobaidhi

airi sin

cona fortormaigib

eliu

a n-aenur

berla Feni 7 iarmberla 7 a mberla

n-edarscartha eter na fedhaib airegdhaibh amal duiruirmi

Duil Feadha Mair 7 berla na

isin

dib

aroile

asa n-acailhV cach 200

filed

ngnathberla fogni do cach

Goedeal mac Etheoir mic Toe mic Baracaimh

dara

in

sai

robai

ealg airdirc in sin

senbrathar athar do Fenius

ba

nEitheoir conid Gaedealg o Gaedel

mac

gu Gsedheal mac

berla na filed a ceathramad 7

Nema

Et Gaedii

Etheoir.

na feadhaib

7 iarmberla 7 berla n-edarscartha etir

a coiced.

205

cid he.

Berla Feni tra arricht

o Gsedhel mac Agnon no Aingin.

sund

uadh

Gaedheal

-i-

sen dno

sai

esside dorothlaigestar a mberla-sa

Is

Grecaib

mac Agnom no Aingi

Gaedeal dno glas

ros-irdarcaistar.

mac

-i-

ilcenela.

di

Feniusa, conad

coemtect

rohainmnigead Gaedealg

210

an gnathberla fogni do chach

Fenius Farsaidh tra mac Eogein 7 lar mac

Gaedel mac Etheoir na tri saidh doreipsead na

Athena) civitatem arrictha.

Cest, caidhead a n-anman/^ na da chenel sechtmogat 215

Eotenam

berlu-sa 7 apiid

{uel

Beithin, Scithi,
Ni ansa.
o rofoghlaimet na hilberlae?
Hircain, Guit,
Sicil,
Scuit, Germain, Meid (no Moid),
192-201

E.

191

alaile

19

tebeth, acu sin E.

iii.

247
^**"

nach beth E.

i''^

teibidhi cona fortormaidibh E.

aicillidh T.
n-aicilHt E.
doruirmisim T.
"O- Barathaim E.
203 jara ri, caemthucht E.
'^ pr-ur T.
macc Angin E.

199

doruirmig E.

201

fogn5, olcena E.

205

rosirdharcaigestair,

Arch. C. P.

"-ii
; cethramad E.
dorothothlaigestair E.
2U O'D. Gr. xxix. I Orosius i. 2, 58 Keat. Hist.
215 anraand E.
216 na berla E.
Beithin, GoiUi, Lugoil, Creitt
2" Guitt L.
Boitt E.

^^^

207

ii.

80
.

co coitcend E.
arricta E.

Recir

Morain

THE PRIMER
some say

that

it

was

17

which the people of heaven had

to Fenius from learning, and

Now

after the disciples

after

showing their journeys, to

came

their works, to wit, their

wit, their

studies, then

sage, to wit, Fenius to select for

wanderings, and

thev asked the

them out

of the many
languages, a language that no one else should have but

which might belong to them alone.

Wherefore on that

account for them was invented the Select Language with

superadditions, the Language of the Irish, and the
Additional Language, and the Language Parted among
the principal letters as he has related in the Great Book of
its

Woods, and the Language of the Poets whereby each

one of them converses with another, and the Common
Language which serves for every one from many races.
Gaedel, son of Ether, son of Toe, son of Baracham,
a Greek, was one of the two sages in Fenius' com-

pany, so that from him was

means
also,

named

Gaelic, to wit, ealg

noble, to wit, Gaedel ennobled

son of

Agnon

or

it.

Gaedeal Glas

Aingin, son of Fenius' father's

and he too was a sage, even he. It is he

language for Gaedel, son of Ether
wherefore Gaedealg is from Gaedel, son of Ether. And
Gaedil from Gaedel, son of Agnon or Aingin. Now
elder brother

that claimed this

the Language of the Irish was

invented here, and the

Additional Language, and Language Parted

trees,

and

and
the

among

the

Language of the Poets is the fourth,

Common Language that serves everyone,
the

Now Fenius Farsaidh son of Eugenius, and

son of Nema, and Gaedel son of Ether are the
three sages who selected these languages, and they were
the

fifth.

lar

invented in the city of Eotenam, or Athena.

Ouery, what are the names of the ^2 races from

which the many languages were learnt? Not hard.
Bithynians, Scythians, Scots, Germans,

Medes,

Sicilians,

i8

AURAICEPT

BB. 316^25

.21^33

Point, Morain, Lugoil, Circir, Gailli, Paimpil, Luidi, Oigii,

Corsic, Sardain,

Ciclaid, Creit,

Romain,

Narboin,

Roid,

Reicil,

Maigidon, Morcain, Nairn, 220

Inair, Massail, Mair,

Narmais,

Reit,

Sicil,

Nobith,

Norith,

Bretain, Boid, Maguich, Armoin,

Bethain,

Barais,

Amuis,

Galaid,

Goircc,

Achid, Athain, Taeasail, Ardair, Alain, Albain, Hircain,

Esbain, Goith, Guith, Gruind, Sarain, Frainc, Freisin,

Itail,

Longbaird, Lacdemoin, Lodain,

Dordain,
Innecdai.

Dacia,

Dalmait,
It

e sin tra

Tracdai, Troiannai, 225

Essill,

fria berla 7 ni

cenel sechtmogat

Fer gach berla tra

mbadar na da berla sechtmogat.

dona berlaibh-sea, ba he h'n na scoile
lasa

gach fear dib

Bramain,

Egept,

Ethioip,

anmanda na da

7 tri suidh 7 rofaided

cach comceniuil dochuaidh and 230

a comcrichi dun fhoghlaim sin acht is cach

comberlaidh amal rogab Cai Cainbrethach dalta Feniusa
Ba do Ebraib a
in dara descipul sechtmogat na scoli.

dochum

7 ba co hEgeftagda rofaidhedh fobith is and

robatar a tusdidhe 7 ba hand rodn-alt 7 tuargabat fodesin 235
Is cach
as [a] aetidh, conid desin asb^/r-som i curp libair- i-

bunadhus

comberlaib dochuaid and 7 ni cach comcheneoil dochum a

Seacht mbhadna tra robatar na descipuil forsin

teora bliadna doib ic taispenad a ngresa i fus iar

chriche.

cuairt 7

tiachtain

comdar a deich samlaidh, conid desin asb^/r-som 240

deich mhliadan

iar

scaiHud doib on tur for gach leath durebeadh doib

am

this

curp libhair:

berla-sa.
217-23

muaid

Bai tra cuigiur ar

219
2--

226

CZ. X. 131
Sardan L.
Ardain E. L.

Amuius, gairc

Daicia E.

235

E, om.

It e

huaisliu dib.

Goirc, aird

See, however, Origg.

-1

228-44

2*"

xx ba

Descriptive adjj. are supposed by the scribe to denote nations

Moid, ig = Oigii, luind = Luid, nair = Niair, mair = Mair, brais

Ir. Dichiung, p. 30.

xiv. 3-5

(317)

Barais, amuis

^li.

cind

Sicir E.

224

q^^^^ Fresin L.
230

comchinel T.

'^-^

Ardair, grinni
2,

which

cf.

Nombith

Tricdai E.
227
233

= Grumd,

with Origg.

Circir, goirg, Alain

~i

-o Maigidoin L.

Dardain, Bragmain L.

=
ix.

L.

L.

Tracda, Troianda L.

Nectae E. Origg.
do Eabraidhibh T.

B. na descipuil forsin cuairt 7 teora bliadna, repeated 238

comceiwel, amal rogabad lem a ndeismiracht T.

ix. 2, 2

THE PRIMER
Hyrcanians,
rians,

Goths,

Pamphylians,

Gauls,

Macedonians,

Moors,

Noricans,

bonians,

Getae

Dardanians,

Egyptians,

the

of

Now

languages.

and
72

one

Nar-

amuis,

gairg,

Thessalians,

Franks,

Elisaeans

aird,

Spaniards,
Frisians,

Thracians,

(?),

Dalmatians, Dacians, Ethiopians,

Brahmans,

names

mais,

nir

Italians,

Saracens,

Lacedemonians,

Langobards,
Trojans,

Massilians,

Bithynians, Britons,

Athenians,

grinn,

(?),

nir,

Hyrcanians,

Albanians,

Alanians,

Rhetians,

mir,

Armenians,

Aquitanians,

Galatians,

Goths,

Morcain,

Cyp-

Cycladians,

ig,

Sicilians,

Nubians, brais,

Magogians,

Boeotians,

Lydians,

Romans,

Rhodians,

Rheginians,

Lyonese,

Morini,

Sardinians,

Corsicans,

Cretans,

the

Pontians,

19

Those then are

whose were the 72

Indians.
races

man

for

each of these languages,

that was the complement of the school, and three sages,

and each one of them was sent to his own language,

and unto

their

common

district

unto that learning went

not every one of the same race but every one of the

same language,

as for example, Cai Cainbrethach, Fenius*

foster-son, one of the 72 disciples of the school.

He
was a Hebrew by extraction, and it was to Egyptians
he was sent because his parents had lived there, and

there he was brought up and reared from his youth, so

he says in the body of the book

Every
one of the same speech went there, but not every one
that hence

of the

same

race,

unto

his

own

district.

Now

seven

years were the pupils on the course, and they were three

years in displaying their studies after coming home, so

that they were ten [years] accordingly, wherefore
this

he

says below

end of ten years

in

after

every direction this

Now

there were

25

body

it

is

of

At the
their dispersion from the Tower
language was selected for them

in the

persons

that

of the

book

were the noblest of

20

AURAICEPT

BB. 3I73

feadha

n-anmaria'c^ foratait

taebomna

E.

ogaim.

in

2ia36

It

e and-

Babel, Loth, Foraind, Saliath, Nab- 245

seo a n-anmand-i-

gadon, Hiruad, Dabhid, Talamon, Ca;, Kaliap, Muiriath,

Gomers, Stru, Ruben, Achab, Oise, Urith, Essu,

Gotli,

lachim, Ethrocius, Uimelicus, ludonius, Affrim, Ordines.

anmand

Iss iat sin

Asberait

Feniusa.

scoil

arricht

Achaidh

isind

Amairgin mac Miled

'

Cia

litir,

cia nin, cia

'

(-i.

'

huaisliu bai

aipgitir 250

dno is
Tochur Inbir Moir arranig

araili

ic

sin

in mbeithi-luis in

d'min disoil no fern).

tren tinS^scanar

xx ba

in choigir ar

in

oghaim.

son In nach forbaider focol?

Is cia

son ger fogabar

ernin getal).

Na coic

'

(-i-

nach fuach

feadha aireghdai 255

immorro inn oghaim, ba hon choiciur ba huaisliamh dib

Asberat

rohainmnighthea

^-^Mf^f^^lW-^^fh<dno it vii feadha aireghdha filet and 7

ba huaisleam and rohainmnigthea 7 it
duformaighet frisna cuic feda ugut

in

dana

fidh

260

Nemruaidh ?

Cest, caidet [airme L.] cinnleacha tuir

on morshesiur

is

> XQ

araile

Ni

da comairlibh sechtmogat, da descipul

sechtmogat, da chenel sechtmogat na ndsene, da berla
sechtmogat du berlaibh ina scoil, da thuaith sechtmogat

ansa.

viii

lasa m[b]atar
fria

-i-

na berla

sin 7

na cenela, da

gnim, da aic[dh]i sechtmogat eter

main

7 tathluib ina comhegur,

ina leitheat amal asbert

saer

ael 7

da cheim

sechtmogat 265

bitumain 7

for

tal-

sechtmoga[i]t

Airimh in tuir togaidhi

Nemruaidh, ba din do dhainib,

270

cemeand sechtmogat,
Coic cemend ar choic milib.

Ceithri

Da chomairhb sechtmogat
Tugsat sailhiu for sluaighedh
Da

berla for sechtmoga[i]t

Rothidhnaic Dia
^' Goth, Cec L.
^''
Goth, Gomer, Maisse E.

''^5-8

D.

fria

jj-p*^

mbuaidhred.
'^ Salamon E.

Gr. xxxi.

lesu T.
Afrimp T.
Reic'him, Etrocus, Orineis, Umelcus L.
2^8 anminda E.
xx doairmiur-sum, bai ag Lacht isin Aisia T. -'" aibgidir E.
''1
sinn oghaim B.
in oguim E.
ara rainic E.
253 inni nach, forbiter, fotren tindsgnamar E.
^si
259 huaisliu, in da idh doformaigitar E.
oireme E. ^65 i^s B. berlada E.
^es
270 janib B.
2-2 ceimenda T.
266 ael
^^ laid-sea E.
7 bhi E.
-''*
276 Daudnaic L.
2" comairlig L. E.
d' shadhu fri E.
2-'*

-''''

THE PRIMER

These are the names of them after whom are

Ogham vovvels and consonants. Here are their

them.

named
names

21

the
:

Babel,

Herod, David,

Pharaoh, Saliath, Nebuchadnezzar,

Lot,

Talamon, Cae, Kaliap,

Muiriath, Gotli,

Gomers, Stru, Ruben, Achab, Oise, Urith, Essu, lachim,

Ethrocius, Uimelicus, ludonius, Affrim, Ordines.

These are the names of the 25 persons, the noblest

that were in Fenius' school.
Others again say that that
is

the alphabet which was invented

Causeway

the

in

of Mil, invented, the Beithe Luis of the

What

Achaidh, and at

Estuary that Amergen, son

of the Great

Ogham.

what character, what sound is that with

which no word is ended? dinin disail^orf. Andwhatsharp
sound is found with which no strong word is begun ? ng.

The

letter,

five principal

from the

five

were named,

vowels of the

who were

persons

a, o, u, e,

howcver,

noblest of

them

it

was

that they

Others again say that seven prin-

i.

and that

cipal vowels are there,

Ogham

it is

from the seven persons

that were noblest there that they are named, and the two

vowels that were added to those

five

vowels are ea,

oi.

Query, what are the definite numbers of Nimrod's

Tower ? Not hard. Eight of them, to vvit, ^2 counsellors,

72 pupils, ^2 races of men, 72 languages, the languages
whose vvere those languages, and
work at it, 72 building materials
bitumen, earth, and cement in equal layers,

in his school, 'ji peoples

the races, 72 artificers to

including lime,

72 paces in width, as he said

The number of the chosen Tower
Of Nimrod, it was a shelter to men,
:

Four and seventy paces,

Five paces, and

Two and

five

thousand.

seventy counsellors,

They took companies on an

Two and
#

God gave

seventy languages
to

confound them.

expedition,

22

AURAICEPT

BB. 3i7a34

Da

280

foghlaim.

fri

thuaith saera sechtmogal

Forofoglaid,

Da

ba dodhraing

dainib,

descipw/ sechtmogat

Fste Fenius

Da

j3

cenel saer sechtmogat

Dona

Da

E. 21

talmaw

fir

primshfer ar sechtmogait

Fri heladhain na n-adhbar.

Da aicde

285

for sechtmoga[i]t,

Ina cumhat, roghnathaigh,

'Eter

el

z's

bitumain

Ocus talmhain

tathluibh.

is

Seacht cumat deg demnighthi

Ag nim
Is

suas im gaeth ngairigh,

Inna leitheat

Asberat
isin tur
"]

-i-

290

da cheim ar sechtmoga[i]t

immorro

araili

fuil,

hxtnmdn, de quibus didtur

Cre, uisgi, oland

ros 7

sel

in tuir.

nama badar

noi n-adhbair

is

cre 7 uisgi, oland 7

Ross

Airim

fria airim.

sechim

7 lin
-^^^

is fuil,

lanchuir,

is 3el is lin

Sechim, bitumain go mbuaidh

Nai n-adhbair
i-

ainm

in tuir

pronom'w 7 briathar

comfhocul

anmanda-seo

7 doibriathar 7

reimshuidhiughudh
Novien,

Nemruaidh.

pronomen,

intmacht

tierbuin,

participium, coniunctio, prepositio, interiectio

cetpearsu uathaid
persa tanaisti huathaid
treas persa Mz.\h.aid
.

tres persa

n-

aduerbium,

-i-

sum

\-

ataim

es

ata tu

sumus

-i-

estis

-i-

ata sibsi

sunt

'i-

atait.

atamait

Sum, es, est, a uathrt/.

Sumus, estis, sunt, a illda.
'^''^

'*'

28B

ina adbur E.
cubait L. E
E. om
3" a illrad L.

289

300-11

310

^*- forafodlait E.
heladnaib L. : dia fadhnad E.
^^ talum is tathlaimh E;
na hadbur co ;;;adgnathrt7V5 T.
29 9 rc. xii. 466
qubuit T.
re ngaith E.
3or,26.28, 29 iHraid L.
302 Gr. Lat. iv.
355, 2

278 fria dodraing

gn B.
da primsDsra sechtmogat E.

E.

doghraing B.
'^^

305

est -v ata se

cetfear (col. /3) illda

persa tanaisti

ranngabthach 300

THE PRIMER
Two and

seventy free races

Of the men,

Two and

23

it

was hard

seventy pupils,

Fenius sends them to learn.

Two and seventy free peoples

He subdivided, men of the earth
Two and seventy chief artificers
For the

sUilful

Two and

working of the materials.

seventy building materials,

In equal quantity, he used,

Including lime and pitch

And

earth and cement.

Seventeen cubits

certified,

Near heaven upwards with a roaring wind,

And two and seventy paces
In breadth to reckon

it.

Others say, however, that only nine materials were

the Tower, to wit, clay and water, wool and blood,
lime, acacias, flax thread,

and bitumen, de quibus

Clay, water, wool,

Wood, Hme, and

in

wood and
dicitur

and blood,

flax

thread of a fuU twist,

Acacias, bitumen with virtue,

The nine

materials of Nimrod's Tower.

to wit, noun, pronoun, verb, adverb, participle, conjunction,

preposition,

and interjection are their names

Noinen, pro-

nonien, verbuni, adverbiuni,participium, conjunctio, interjectio,

to wit

person singular

person plural

"

Suni,

es, est, its

Sunius,

"

singular.

estis, sunt., its plural.

suni

24

AURAICEPT

BB. 3>7/34

Attaat da
guttai
tinda

dearbadh

i-

sein

in

dobeir sund.
itat

n-aibgiteir Laitindai

and

insci

bunadh ruidleasa

totus a

freagra du thoit

-i

i-

simt a frithinclleadach La-

-i-

Coich raind indsce

randa

viii

forsin

Atait

bunadh forleathan

-i-

earnail

consain.

E. 21/3 18

na haibgitrech 315

focl

in

sunt? ar

is

novien, pronomen,

-i-

uerbuni,

aduerbiuin, particpiuni, coniunctio,prepositio, interiectio.

n-anmand

Laitneoir

lasin

ainm,

It

briathar,

pronom';^ 7 doibriathar, xz.V^'ahtliach, J remshuidhiugud, 320

ivA'tfm*'-

^"

'comhhoc/d

brethir?
7

air

tri

amh

itait

in huathaid,
estis ; tres

ata

-i-

oWaman

tri

Is

ma

uathrt<:/

S7mt

estis,

demin eimh

seadh cia
-i-

in '\\\da,sumus ;

ball

in

suni, es, est

cetperso

perso 325

tres

in

perso thanaisti,

'Xda, sunt.
ae

inne

sunt J

thanaisti in uathaid, es

Cetperso

:/.

perso in

Attaat

is

sumus,

-i-

sum ; perso

uathaid

in

in focul

n-ill/z

ocon Gaed^/.

interiacht

conidh briathar

n-ait

ata

-i-

no attaat

ae

atai

-i-

<M\gidh

n-ait

uait,

ae

ar

in

descipul frisin maigistir.

330

beos attaat

inne

dotiagat.

consaini.

Dotuitead

airbert

-i-

atat
litrib

doaitneat doaigbead

tuitead
i

n-aigniudh na guttaighi 7 na

-i-

tinntuit asinn -dXzniud sin

Doaitnead -i- taitnit asna litrib sin

oclaib.
Doaidhbead -i- du-aispenait do eolchaib eistib -i- a cialla 335
^ ^ caireachtaire -i- fuatha na lit^r. Dotiaghat asna oclaib
llitrib.

1
'

L^Li

sin

comighib

sreathaibh roscaigh 7 fasaigh 7 airchetail.

^^ a frithindlech T.

Examples

^" Gr. Lat.

323

don

32. 7

'^^^

iv.

breithir

*^^

ruighlesta T.

of parsing, Gr. Lat.

355, 2

''20

32j

E.

.-io

in ilair E.

^^1

doaidbead L.: doaidhbhet E.

335

eisib E.

336,7 isna,

haibitleach dobeirsiumh E.

in fhocuil E.

459
rangabtach E.

iii.

n-illradh E.

"'^'

comfoccumhul E.

^25

thanaisi E.

frjsin in B.
332

ina aicned

coibigib E.

'i-

"''

na guttai

naconsaine E.

aireactail B.

aircetail E.

THE PRIMER

25

There are two divisions in the Latin Alphabet, to

vowels and consonants.

wit,

sunt^ its Latin equivalent, to

There
its

vvit,

to

the whole

of the

very general origin

a proof there, to wit, a

totus, its particular origin, to wit,

reference

are, atait, to wit,

alphabet he gives here,

What

part

eight

parts of speech, to wit, noinen, prononien, uerbuni,

of speech

aduerbhivi,

is

participiuvi,

the word sunt?

coniunctio,

For there are

prepositio,

interiectio.

Those are their names with the Latinist noun and verb,
pronoun and adverb, participle and preposition, conjunction and interjection with the Gael.
It is certain in truth
;

that the

verb

word sunt

is

a verb

and

if so,

for there are in fact three of

to wit, sujH,

mus,

es,

estts,

est ;

them

and three of them

sunt, to wit

what part of the

in the singular,

in the plural, to

26

AURAICEPT

BB. 317^31

Da

ernail

da

--

no da

fhirin^zell,

no da erdhul, no da

fhir-dhual,

E. 2i;8 40

fhir-inaill,

no da orru-dhul, no da orru-dhedhail, no da
Iss

iat

sin

Cadiad da dual
dual
the

na

nguta

Ni

conso;;?

da dual na nguta

i-

e 7 muiti, air

na nguta

muit

is

no
a

-i-

no

ic {oclaz'd

in tinscedul

i-

aipgitir

ha.itin,

forsin epi ic tur

abcor

-i-

is

cot'c

forsind epe audair

-i-

no

Intan

h.

immorro 345
leathguta

-i-

dno

da dual

-i-

na consan.

J tri dual

Porsin n-aibgitir

duar

7 tinfeadhaigh-

a ceathair

is

da

defogur

mudi

intan

-i-

coic duail

cethri duail 7

da dual na consow

orru-dhail. 340

nUraiceapta.

fir

tri

Lanfogur

ansa.

leathgutta ocus

dual na

tri

duail 7

tri

Auraiceapta?

In

/ a tri er, 7

tri or,

no da

no da erdhual,

erdhail,

ic

no ondi as apigitorium 350

ed aibgiges a mbescna do chach

is
:

no forsind epe

no

ed

is

a Gaedhelg, incipit

Si'ipg-es

apix a Greic, a be ce de dybiini a Ebra.

Latindai

luaidit inni

-i-

on Latindacht

inna oclu: no a Laidinta

-i-

a latitudine

-i-

\-

on

leithet in

bescna

i-

no 355

o Latin mac Puin.

Edun
Gutta
fuiti

ed a oen erniud no ed a oen an eolaig.

-i-

-i-

guth fotha

iarsani

fuidhit

-i-

fotha in ghota in sein no guth

gotha treothu

quod

legittima eo

iter legendi prebeat

legend iarsinni fuires set

***

da

^"^

'^^

=^5-'

"^^

firanail E.

a ceithrz', a cuic E.

^^ e
7 L. om.
^i

no da

fhirindeal

tri,

in legind

i-

dual na ngutta

7 tri

a Laiten E.

lethe E.

Virg.

etait

Maro

guth a n-aenur L.

^i /egeniidus praeet E.

in litir amrt/ intech

-i-

no guth

aite

-i-

doghniat

'"'^

ind Auraicepta E.

'^*^

tinfedaigh trindual E.

*'"

a -ibis do cach E.

B.

ailit-

Litera quassi Z%0

dual na conson E. adds

auctair L. E.

aipgidhes L.

no guth-seta

(318)

iarsinni at seta gotha, ut Priscianus dixit

-i.

foclaib E.

'-

is aip^'tir

''^

Latima

B.

Origg.

3, 3

E.

1.

abcdr (?)

la/me E.

Gt.
:

4, 23
Gr. Lat.

ii.

6,

12

*''^

i.

leigind, fhuirges E.

:::

THE PRIMER
Two

divisions,

27

two true arrangements, or two true

i.e.,

other things, or two true folds, or two intensive goings, or

two intensive
goings on

them,

two

or

the three er and the three

the

them, or

two

three

or

and

What

are

of the Primer.

fir

the two, three, four, and fve folds of the Primer

vowels

Not

tone and diphthong, the two folds of the

Full

hard.

two

or

folds,

on

divisions

These are

on them.

distributions

two supreme

or

divisions,

semivowels, mutes, and aspirates are the three

folds of the consonants, to wit

when there

are four of

them, however, two folds of the vowels and two of the

consonants,

When

semivowels and mutes,

i.e.,

for

there are five of them, however, that

a mute.

is

is,

two

folds

of the vowels and three of the consonants.

On the alphabet,
" selecting

Tower
or

it

"

is

i.e.,

of words,"

that which

or alphabet, that

" author's selection," or for

an

of vocables

i.e.,

or from the

for

or on the " selection at

word abecedarium,

" ripens " their

the beginning

i.e.,

speech for every one

it
is "that which
ripens " in Gaelic, incipit in Latin, apix in Greek, a be ce

de djrbum

in

placing a b: or

Hebrew.

Latinda, that
or Laitinda,

is,

is,

they speak the thing,

from Laitindacht,

i.e.,

from the extent of the speech

i.e.,

i.e.,

the words

latitud7ie,

i.e.,

or from Latinus, son of

Faunus.

Edn, that
one

[-i-]

"it"

is,

of the learned

Gutta (vowel),
of

the

voice

or

voices are sent through

that

they

Dicitur

are

auteni

ways
litera

iter praebeat, that

inasmuch as

it

is,

one explanation

voice

i.e.,

that

is

its

or

is

it

the

man.
foundation,
voice

them

of
vel

i.e.,

in

foundation

respect

that

or voice ways, in respect

ut

voices,

quasi

the letter

prepares a

sent,

way

Priscianus

legitera

is

dixit

quod legendi

as a road for reading

for

the

reading

or a

28

guth

n-aitt

a n-Enur,

fertur

no guthetait

it

Donatus

et pcr se

Consain

fein /

dogniat

com

-i-

Guttai 7 consain

ansa.

is

t?rcfograigh-

-i-

fuigheand guth

fein, 7 ni

consain
etechtu

in

is fer[r]

no

fis is

edechta

guth

-i-

Caide ruidhles

Indles

tea

di

3^^

guth

di

is

cid

t\sad a

siu

guthaigi L.

guthaigib E.
fo

in 375

Ni ansa.

Fors

Cid ara

fen.

7 indles in ocail

nos

uair

fuiit,

immorro guth

a n-aenur L. om.

365,9

i'

shet, ar ni set

guth fotha, uair

-i-

*^ no guthetait L. om.

fid

maith anfhis.

sain, ar ni

is

380

fota

ni

uair

fotha,

foidend

iv.

367, 11

comma
1.

inti

isna

tri

cen aipgitri.

taitnemacha E.

sain L.: comsain E.:

cin a suin

371

ilar

3'^'

comfongthig uair na comfogr E.

;!79

guth

"'81

is

E.

seta, dissi fein E.

guth, edaidh E.

^^ ni hand rotinscainte.i E.

*'^

neach

\^^

Sg.
''"

guthaigthi E.

ead a ainm Ed.

sai

saithi

ni

hi

tur, ar ni tindscain-

ic

doedait E.

Gr. Lat.

tuaid

fein.

fotha hi isna oclaib.

is

na h-aibgitr/ amal asbert Fenius ba

berlaibh

Cid ara n-ebairt aibgitir epe

fein.

comhfhogur

Ruidhles di guth shet, uair etaidh guth

Diles

Coitchind di

guth

Cest, caite in condelg in

7 dileas 7 coitchind

Ni ansa.

haenur.

guth

ni

cheternail ind Auraicept[a]

n-eabairt guta

guta?

fria

in

Cid ara nd-ebairt-

trit fein.

sium consain comfograighthid, uair

fria fein

Ni

Cidh ara n-ebairt

maith and.

guta guth fotha no guta guth fuidhit, ar ni fotha

do

fri

Cid ara n-eibert-sium 370

guta M2Sh.aid 7 consain 'dal

consain, uair

365

a n-aenur.

fograigit malle

-i-

sain

theacha ar bec a fogair a n-aenar.

guta

silla/^

is iat-

suin taitn^w/cha, no consain onni

-i-

no consaiw

na guthacha

atat

-i-

comhfhograightheacha

consojiantcs

guthacha

Uocales sunt qitequideni pro-

sillabam faciunt

cainsuin

-i-

E. 21/3 59

iarsinni doetait guth treothu

-i-

dixit

dourgbad treothu

side

is

AURAICEPT

BB. 3l8a4

cuma thonn no cain[sh]oin

'''

ndubairt L.

="^

ni

"''''

fhuideand E.

O'Mulc. 578, 9

*"

coitcend E.

*-^

fuit/,

ba, trib E.

nosfuiend E.
'*"

suthi E.

385

THE PRIMER
make

they

voice place,

i.e.,

vocalise,

in respect that voice

i.e.,

Donatus

nt

alone,

profenmtur

per

et

voice in place

or they

comes through them

sunt

Vocales

dixit :

29

se syllabai)i faciunt,

i.e.,

per

quae

se

the vowels are

those that are pronounced by themselves and alone form a

syllable.

Consonants,

from

consonants

or

together,

sonants,

owing

word

the

delicate their sounds,

i.e.,

i.e.,

the

smallness of

consonants

consonants

plural

Not

a voice foundation, or a vowel

for the voice

is

through

find a voice

is

no foundation

singular

is

and

did he say a vowel

is

a voice which they utter,

to itself,

Why

itself.

Why

Vowels

hard.

Why

proper there.

is

con-

or

itself.

did he say vowel and consonants, since vowel

and

sounding

scantily sounding

i.e.,

sound by

its

sounds

bright

consonantes,

they sound along with vowels

i.e.,

to

beautiful sounds,

i.e.,

and

it

does not

did he say a consonant

sounding along with, since the consonant does not

itself or with its vowel ?
Query, what is

is

sound with

the comparison of the unallowable

it

is

Why

it itself is

the

path,

it

say a vowel,

it

is

proper,

part of

for

ignorance

i.e.,

a voice path, for

not

is

common, and improper

Not hard. Peculiar to it, voice

by itself
Proper to it, they

for

it

expresses

foundation, for
to

it,

itself.

is

it

however,

not a foundation in

is

itself

alphabet was a selecting at Tower

Common

foundation

in

to

the

voice

foundation,

Why

did he say

for the alphabets

were

who was a sage in the three

tongues even before he came from the North,

not begun, as Fenius said,

principal

first

knowledge of

finds voice

Improper

words.

unallowable,

peculiar,

voice,

voice

of the

chance,

Fors,

word vowel?

express

when

did he

are

since

i.e.,

hard.

is

not a path

What

it,

that

better,

good.

of

Not

Primer?

the

AURAICEPT

BB. 3i8a28

30

ndAchia immorro

doichnedh

for

-i-

ar in focul

-i-

22 a 17

arrichta aibgitrz in domu[i]n.

cet-dichnedh ind Auraicept[a] sund

doichnedh
augdair

Cet-

A cet-

-i-

chet-dichneadh dno

epe 390

-i-

tepe in focul fadesin.

Atat dano di ernail forsin beithi-luis-nin in oghaim

feadha

Dano

taebomnai.

immorro, dorimter da gne

Fid sserda

fidh aicenta.

na

-i-

-i-

for suidiu
fid

Pedha

Fidh id ondi as /uno

ficndauientwn

fidh aicenta in

\-

fotha J

bunad

is

sin {

a inde et^r saerda J aicenta.

aicenta

fid

[(pwvw],

aenbunadh icon

liid

Fidh
7

mbis

389

-i-

fedh

aiges J
ior

Fotha dno a airbert

fid

sserda

ae

as

uair itat coic

mides

memai?, J

7 7, auraicept B.

ae

J
ae

J fundanientum a dualus 405

as

and

suides.

-i-

yE

as ailes

ailes

chanas ica gabail J

''^

aei

teibe \n fccail E. in B. 392,

fotha.

chanas

-i-

cein

aighes

ic

oguim E.

fora,

-i-

J e

dno

09

aga fhaghbail L.

fid

aicenta {funo J fundanientuni ?

39

395

do 400
edh

fo

et?r

nae caingen i- in caingen remund 7 i[n] nai inar ndiaid 'v L.

''^^
''"' dorimthar E.
fectair E.
forsin mbethi luis E.
*8
^^, 6 g^^ E.
ceim B.
cia dichned B.

'9''

no ondi

fotha 7 caitchend do fidh saerda J do fidh aicenta

ae

J
fid

saerda J

Fid ono

fiindanientuin.

Funo a dualus foghair

Ni ansa.

fograigim

coitchend do

Ingnad cidh fodera na da bunadh icon

aicenta.

saerda 7

fidh 395

saerdha

fidh

-i-

inn oghaim J

-i-

oguamma

in

Fid sserda immorro feghthair da gne do bunad

caille.

oca.

uea caingen

in sein

forsin bitheolus litterdha 'mn oghaim.

no

\s

da n-ui

caingean forsin beithi-luis-nin in ogaim

in

i-

ind ui E.

THE PRIMER

31

and there are no sages without alphabets.

then, were

doichned and the

first

to wit

doichned

Its first

is

for^ that

epe,

i.e.

The

dichned of the Primer here

first

Its first dichjied, again,

is

In Achaia,

invented the alphabets of the world.

ar

is,

is

the word

cutting of author,

tepe

i.e.

the word itself

There

i-

da

are

two

are, then,

Nin of the Ogham,

divisions in the Beithe Luis

vowels and consonants.

i,e.,

two of them, that

n-tii,

N-ae

there.

question,

is

the Beithe Luis Nin of the

of the

perfect

kinds

and

tree

artificial

the tree of the

Ogham

As

regards

the forest.

that

tree.

artificial

wood

of them,
Artificial

and natural

on
ind oguamma

is,

to fedha,

reckoned

natural

the question

is,

on the undying literary

As

are

from the word fimo

is

the word fiindamentuni,

tion, to

wit,

Now,

natural wood.

as

meaning, both

artificial

ever,

both

its

is

use,

wit,

tree,

i.e.,

wood, moreover, they

Fidh, wood,

sound, or from

\fpwvi<a\ I

foundation, and that deriva-

i.e.,

fundainentuni,

vowels,
to

the tree of

tree,

are regarded as having two sorts of origin.

then,

Dano

two questions

n-ui,

that

or

alliteration,

tvvo

da

Ogham,

knowIedge of the Ogham.

moreover,

is,

is

common

to fid,

and

artificial

natural.

and

to

and

artificial

wood, good law

is

its

Foundation, how-

natural.

It is

strange

what makes the artificial wood have the two derivations

and the natural wood one, to \\\t,funo, and fundavientum.

Not

hard.

Funo

to natural

wood

and fundamentum
and common to artificial and

in respect of sound,

in respect of foundation
is

foundation.

Fid, wood, that \s,fedh ae, extent of them, since five

forms of ae are
sings,

Now

ae
ae

that
that

existence, ae that nourishes, ae that

in

sues,

ae

nourishes,

and ae that sings

at

that judges,
i.e.,

giving

while
it,

it

and ae
is

that

sits.

on the mind,

and ae that sues while

AURAICEPT

BB.3i8a48

32

cuinchidh a lloige
laighedh

Tebomnai

omnadh

bit

ta2b-(col. /3)

na

taebuaim n-ai

i-

-i-

do thaebaib na

omnai

toba

-i-

no

meit

^ midheas ima

suidheas iar n-icc a

7 ae

E. 2. a 35

ni

n-airchedail'air

410

loigi.

no do thabhaib na nno

fidh n-aireghdha biit

damna

iarsinni teipiter

-i-

Cid dia n-ebairt tsebuaim n-ui

focul eistib.

imma

-i-

damna

taebuaim 415

int airchetul inna n-ecmais na

fil

na n-omnadh -it^hojnna. Cid ara n-ebarthar do tsbhaib

no 'na ndhiaidh
na feadha, ar ni do ta;bhaib bit acht rempu
immorro, is e
ndamna
Toba
isna odaid bit na tffibomna.
Freagra du breithir tug isin 420
a ruidhles in ocaiV sin.
Itat da ernail forsin
-iaibgitir Latindai intan roraidh
Fregra du aicniud immorro tuc intan
Atait da ernail forsin beithi-luis in ogaim.

aibgitir Latinda.

roraidh

Cuin

is

sen/a in beithi

Cuin 425
Niansa. [AJhuile. Cuin as deda-i-feda^taibomna.
tasbomna. Cuin as ceathair
-i- fedha 7 forfedha 7

as treda

Cuin as
aiccmi na txho?nna 7 na x feadha airegdha.
na tsebomna. Cuin
choicdi -i- fedha 7 forfedha 7 tri aicmi

i-

tri

a[s]

sedha

Cuin

-i-

na

foilcheasta

tri

a[s] seachta

[-i-]

teora

ogaim

in;z

fuilti

-i-

fO

^,jf f'/^'^

ind Auraicepta

-i-

huath 430

7 forsail 7 arni.

Huath cetumus

asbert in Laitneoir

samhaighthir b

is

ed fhuilleas b co ngeib greim p amal

b cum aspiratione pro p ponitur -i-

cu tinfiudh ar p conid

cuindgidh a loigi E.
4 teibigter L.
bid L. toba namma E.

"" n-ui L.
''" focol, ndubairt L.

4iO

422

frecra duaichnigh E.

fuilk.7.- h,

nama

^^^

'^'

^^^
-

B. L.

centar E.

^'^

foceurta E.

ar

is

bid L.

aipgidil H.
'^

p amair

E.

THE PRIMER
askng the reward for
its

greatness or

33

and ae that consders about

smallness, and ae that sits after being"

its

it,

paid his reward.

Taebomnai, consonants, that is, taebuaim n-ai, side

seam of them or to the sides of the oaks they are,
;

that

or

to

is,

taebomnai,

that

material

for

it

them

of

the words

for

uaiin

poetry,.'for there
is

cutting

i.e.,

did he say taeb

Why

wood they

the sides of the chieftain

is,

no poetry without the consonantsV

is

the vowels,

i.e.,

not at the sides they are, but before or behind

is

the words that the consonants are?

in

fact

Why

harmony of

side

said of the sides of the oaks,

it

the

cut out of them.

that

n-ui,

from

material,

is

are

material, however, that

expression.

There

is

Cutting of

the peculiar meaning of that

word which
he gave n the Latin alphabet when he said There are
two divisions in the Latin alphabet. It was a correspondence to nature, however, which he gave when he
said
There are two divisions in the Beithe Luis of the
Ogham.
is

a correspondence to a

When

is the Beithe Luis one ?

Not hard. The w^hole of it When
Vowels and consonants.
When is

it

Vowels, diphthongs, and consonants.

When

The

things?
principal

is

vowels.

When

is

it

things

for

is

b till
b cum

It increases

as the Latinist

b with

is

it

?
?

four

said

aspiration

is

Vowels,

composite

Tie

ai-7iin.

acquires the force of p,

it

aspiratione pro

put for

letters of

seven things

three additions to the Primer, h, forsail, and

i.e.,

things

groups of the consonants.

three

the

five

When is it six things? The three

the Ogham ng, sr, qu.
When is it
first.

two things

three

three groups of the consonants and the ten

diphthongs, and

it

p, so that

the aspiration of the Gael.

Forsail

h
is

p ponitur,
increases

it,

the second

BB. 3i8

34

i3

AURAICEPT

20

Forsail

tinfedh in Gaedhil.

cumang
Arnm, is

[is

e L.] in

.22^55

fuilW

Boheir 435

eile.

fedha forin son dia fot amal ata sron, slog

/rl.

In baile a rreagar a leas da

e in tres fuilled.

thaebomna geibidh greim indala n-ai arnin, ut est ceand

Tri foilcheasta 'mn
7rl., ar ni bhi eamhnad in n-ogam.
oghaim -i- ceirt 7 gedal 7 straiph. In baile mbi c ria 440
i

n-u

is

baili

queirt

mbi n

is

ria

7 cuing 7 cingit

scribhtha and, ut est cuileand

gedul

is

as scribtha and amal ata st an

Da

scribtha and,

i[s]

In baile

7rl.

mbia

s ria

In

']r\.

ut est uingi

straiph

[is]

stial, 7rl.

earnail forsna consainib laisin Laitneoir

i-

lethgu- 445

Inna lethgutai ceatamus, a tuistidi rempu.

In muite immorro, a tuistidi ina ndiaid do suidib.
Da ernail dno -i- da firdedail \diu forsna consaiwib
cumaidhi lasin Laitneoir -i- lasin litertreoraidh no lasin
tai 7 mutti.

legtreoraid no

leat[h]anthoirnidh

lasin

muitti; lethgutai

-i-

leth

-i-

lethguttai 7 450

gotha focertad dia fograigud

no

luithguith; no lethguthait no lethguth[sh]et no lethguth

fotha

7 ni hiarsan[n]i co

mbad

leath gotha co cert nobeith

intibh acht nad roichet lanfoghur

unde Priscianus dixit

Quicquid in duas partes diuiduntur altera pars dicitur 455

ndibh randaib, raiter in

-isecip ni fodhlaidir
dara rand gu rub leath, ut Priscianus dixit : Non qui
demediam partevi habent deoriim uel uiuorum sed qui

semis

pleni dii uel uiri non sunt

-i-

cia

raidhiter iarum

7 lethtii ni arsinni bhatis [dii] leithfir

acht n2.ch at comlana.

*

^^"^

Is

Donatus

comfhocrtz7, ut

^"^- ^

arragar E.

amlaid sin na

dixit

no batis

lethfir

lethfir dii

lethghuta nida[t]

Senmiocales sunt que per se

**"

cenannan, in oguim E.

ngeta;- E.

*" stan 7 E.
is straiph L. E.
^-'^riatE.
ngiadar E.
1 fodoceardad diar E.
" Laitneoiraid E.
8 frisna soinib E.
^^ fodladir E.
*-'2
luthguth E. luti T. leathgutaid no lethguitedh E.
**^"
4-" cen col cert leth T.
nocon iarsindi batis E.
Gr. Lat. ii. 9, 19
461 nach at L.
Sg. 5 *4 nida comlana E.
na- ic B. ^^^ Gr. Lat. iv. 368, 5
*^2

nin ria ngort

is

460

THE PRIMER
addition.

It

35

adds a vowel power to the sound to make

Arnin

long, as srdn, s/og, etc.

is

it

Where

the third addition.

two consonants are required, arnin takes the force of

one of them,
exist, qu,

queirt

e.g.

ceann, etc.

for there

no doubling

is

[of

Ogham. Three composite letters of the Ogharn

ng, and sr.
Where c stands before u, it is

letters] in

that

be written

to

is

Where n

stands before g,

there, ut

est,

there,

cui?ig,

s stands before d,

to be written there, such

is

aiileand,

e.g.

gedul that

an ounce,

uingi,

Where

step, etc.

it is

etc.

to be written

is

yoke, cingit, they

it

is

straipJi that is

st in stial, the belt, etc.

There are two divisions in the consonants according

semivowels and mutes. The

to the Latinist, to wit,

semivowels irst, their parent vowels before them. The

mutes,however,have their parentvowels following them.

Two
in the
wit,

divisions,

common

then,

two true

wit,

consonants according to the Latinist

that

marker

semivowels, that

is,

the

voice

is

thrown

pars dicitur

two

ut Prisciamis

qui

in

or half-voice
:

and

it

full

tone

unde

Quicquid in duas partes dividitur, altera

seinis,

parts,

out

would be half a voice exactly that would

it

Priscianus dixit

or half-voice foundation

stand in them, but that they do not reach a

non

to

semivowels and mutes

stammering voice

or

way

or half-voice

not because

half

is,

order to sound them

place

into

separations

according to the letter guide, or the reading guide, or

the broad

is

to

i.e.,

whatever thing

one of the parts

dixit

Seviideos

it

is

et

dimidiani partem habent

sed qui pleni dii vel viri non sunt,

be that

said

to

seniiviros

is

divided

be a half
appellavius

deorum vel virorum

i.e.,

though they are

thus called half-men and half-gods,

it is not because the

gods might be half-men, or half-men gods, but that they

are not complete.

Similarly the semivowels are not

sounds, ut Donatus dixit

full

Semivocales sunt quae per se

AURAICEPT

BB. 318/3 49

quidem proferuntur

asperum dicitur auditus

non faciunt

se sillabain

treothu

dourgabtar

nahi

leathghutai

per

et

E. 22/3 17

expellit

\-

atat na

Qui\c\quid

fen.

inarbaid int eisteacht 465

-i-

(319) secib ni raiter co hagarb.

Muiti
a foghur
friu

mifothai no maitha no maidthi

-i-

no onni as inutus

-i-

amlabar

7 ni airsinni batis amlab(7;'

di raith, air itat a flioghuir intib cidh diat becca, ut Priscianus

dixit

est

atberar in bannscal dodheilb 7 ni iar-

-i-

sinni seachmallas o dheilbh acht midhealb

amlaidh

sin

nama.

fui-rri

iarum na muiti nidat nemfograigh acht

Unde mute

fogur intibh tantum.

Doiatus dixit

treothu fen

leathgutai chetamus

-i-

se 7iec

-i-

terc

atat na muiti 7

proferuntur

et

na denat

in

it

noco turcbait^r treothu

is

Is

mifhot/za dicuntur ut 475

Mute sunt que per

per se sillabam non faciunt

sillaib

470

Informis inulier dicitur non quia caret forma sed

male formata

bec caithte

-i-

no mette, no moite na gotha a mbeith maraew

in cetna ae for seis

-i-

Na

7rl.

iar fofis

no

in

no in cetna amus forsin n-asneis. A tustidi 480

fis
remibh [-i- in lucht ota a tusmiud -i- na feada L.]. Na muiti
isna feadhaibh
immorro atustidi ina ndiaidh i suidhihh

cetna

i-

dlightheachaib.

tustighthidi

gain no a tinscital

-i-

-i-

in lucht ota a teasar-

Cid ara n-ebairt

a nguthaidhe.

a tustidhe 'na ndiaidh maso thustidhi

ni
ail

gnath

dosum sund

mad
i

in

in tindscedul

ar ma[d] tustidi in

dlig-^

na

leathguta

consonata

fil

ti/mscedul

menmain

ina

roscichestar

tosuch

do

airisim

intib

fo

tiwnscital,

uair 485

Ni hedh eimh as

dheoidh.

fo

-i-

leis

etir,

acht

X\%ed gotha

dheoidh

fo

fil

deoidh do chur uad 490

prius.

^^ daurgabadar E.
inarbanait E.
asperuntur T.
hacarb E.
^^^
morsen B. a focus E.
maithia E.
^^^
amlabur i- ainm do mnai bailb T. Cor.- 937
^ cid beacca L. cid dat, ut dicitur E. Lat. Gr. ii. 9, 25
Sg. 5*7
*^3
^* iar fofis, only L. sup. lin. 1. sofhis
*" -i- tait L.
Gr. Lat. iv. 368, 5
**^
na feda di suidib 'i- dona haibedhaibh 7 dona caingnib T.
^~ ar ma B.
^^^
roseachastar L.: roseichestar E.
ni gnath L. om.
'**'"

"*"

airisin B.

'^^

consonacta E.

indti L. E.

do churu T.

^'^^

ar tus E.

THE PRIMER

37

quideiH proferuntur sed per se syllabain non faciunt,

i.e.,

pronounced

by

semivowels

the

that

Quicquid asperuni

themselves.
i.e.,

those

are

are

auditns

dicitur

the hearing rejects whatever thing

is

expellit,

spoken roughly.

bad foundations, or feeble ones, or sonorous,

or weighty, or the greater
i.e., little spent is its sound
the vowels when they are along with them or from the
word mutus, i.e., speechless, and not because they would be
Mutes,

i.e.,

them even

speechless altogether, for their sounds are in

when they
niulier

are small, ut Priscianus dixit

Inforniis diciiur

non quae caret fornid sed quae viale

woman

est forniata,

called unshapely not because she

is

only because she has an

shape, but

is

Thus,

shape.

ill

i.e.,

devoid of

therefore, the mutes are not soundless but a scanty sound

is

them

in

Whence they

tantuni.

ut Donatus dixit

foundatonless,

se proferuntur nec

per

are called niutae,

Mutae sunt quae

se sjllaban faciunt,

are these letters which do not

selves,

make

the mutes

i.e.,

a syllable by them-

and are not pronounced by themselves,

semivowels

flrst,

i.e.

the

first

according to good knowledge

i.e.,

nec pcr

science

or the

for

first

The

etc.

learning

knowledge

i.e.

or

Their parent vowels

the first hit upon the mention.
hefore them. The mutes on the other hand have their
parent vowels after them, i.e., in the proper vowels.
Their parent vowels, i.e., those whence is their deliverance or their origin,

the

i.e.,

parents, since

is

it

That certainly

is

wiU be perceived

which

is

at

remain with
in

them

the
it

if

did he say

beginning be

not usual that the beginning

intention

not his

vowels should be the beginning at

is

Why

their vowels.

parent vowels are after them,

in

his

mind,

here,

all,

i.e.,

that

is

parent

but that science

the

law

of voice

of the semivowels should

and the consonantal law that

beginning

to the last,

last

to the last should

be uttered forth

first.

AURAICEPT

BB. 3i9a24

38

E. 22

mbad

Nir bu immaircidi son lasin nGsedel, ar

doib dib linaib a nguth remib

41

/3

aicnead

ina ndiaid air is ed

rob imaircidi la suidi co mbadh an toseach doairesedar

lais 7 an dedhinach du chur uadh conid muiti uili 495
nir bo
beithi-luis-nin in oghaim acht feadha nama
eim
bo
nir
son
no
im(airgidi seon) -i- nir bu em e aireic
i-

bo imuca urasa soon no nir

bo uca immorro soon lasin nGaedel no nochor bo reim

aireachtain suad son

no

nir

im gothaidhi
dul gseth

diblinaib

remibh

lasin ngaeth dul

-i-

mad aicneadh no ar mad se gnithi doibh

duna
\^\^%uthaibh 7 dona muitibh a ngotha
-iina ndiaid -i- remib 7 ina ndhiaid -i- remib dona
ar

lethguth<''z<^ 7

and cheana

dona muitib

ina ndiaidh

ed robo

is

rosechastar ina

in<r/ se

lasin fear iga raibi in 500

-i-

em

acht ata acht leam

airechtain suad

menmain

guth

in

-i-

la

mbad

sen co

505

isin leath-

fil

do

guthaibli no-airis'/ lais fo dheoidh, 7 a ndeidenach fuach

chor ai int shuadh -i- in taebomnai do chor ar tus conod miacht feadha
ait labartha in bitheolais litterda in ogaim
:

nama

per i;^istrofen

amal ata

mbadh

co

ne nobeth and.
comtis
7

muiti

robatar

Grecaib do Feinius
dicitur: Oinne

-'^

i-

air nir

nir

-i-

nirbem

ae

*^^

bud L.

acht ata E. om.

""^^

5""

deidenfuach E.

^o*^

"0 perinistrophen E.
E.

impodh T.

'^-

sleisim L.

^^^

lethguth- E.

per

and,

inas)

mbad

mbith

Ar

roba do 515

suidibh 7

ar uaisli uird

na nGrec

nir

omne bonum postponitur

ba hurusa denam na coingne

la saine

E,

conad imatt E.

aiiastrop/ieti

''"*'

Ed.

guthaidi L.

''^ litt-

Sg. 4*^8: Gr.

sin

B.

Lat.

lit-

v,

da L.

309,

treded L.
" B. has ata he/ore robatar
^^

Jit

robo, and toisech doairisetar E.

-i-

510

leathg?//<^

Ni ansa.

-i-

n co

mbeith

Laitneoir

is

den impsoud

leis-sium

fearr

uile priusponitur,

ba heimdei airig son

aircdi son E.

traide

\Q.\.\i%utai la

no dno

50

impoud

(-i-

icon

filet

-i-

mad

quam

ar ni

sin

nobeith

le

Cid ar

huili

muiti amal

sechem G;rc,

-"*-'

a ainm

fobth sore ceneiuil innangrec Sg.

40^4

16.

THE PRIMER

39

The Gael did not think that appropriate that the

nature of them both shoxild be to have their vowel
before them and after them, for this he thought
appropriate that

should be the beginning of them

it

with him and that their

vowel should be put away, so that the
Ogham Beithe Luis Nin were all mutes save vowels
only, to vvit, that was not appropriate, to wit, that was
not indeed a cause of finding or that was not indeed a
sage's finding or that was not an easy choice or that
that should remain firm

closing

was not a

choice, however, in the opinion of the Gael

or

there was not a course with respect to a vowel, to wit, with

the wise satirist, to wit, with the man who had the wise
or that it might
course
that it should be nature
;

be a matter to be done to them both,

to the semi-

i.e.,

vowels and to the mutes, their vowels before them and

after
in

them,

i.e.,

before

them and

after

them, before them

the case of semivowels and after them

mutes

but there

is

a doubt with

in truth a sage's finding

which he foUowed

in his

me there still, and

with him so that

mind,

in the case of

i.e.,

semivowels should remain firm with him to the

in the

and as

to wit, the consonants should be put

last,

sage's Wnowledge,

word should be put the

their last

was

this

was the course

the vowel which exists
it

so that

first

may

it

not

be a misplace of speech of the undying knowledge of the

Ogham

save vowels only, per anastrophen

that, to wit, a

there

it

prefer

quickness of the turning, as

becomes

them

is

le,

to be all

and n becomes
mutes

e.g.

Why

ne.

to their being

mutes, as they were with the Latinist

the

name
1,

for

so that

should he

semivowels and

Not

hard.

In

order to follow the Greeks, for there are no semivowels

with them, and Fenius was a Greek

or again

it

is

on

account of the nobility of the order of the Greeks, ut

dicitur

Ouine

uile priusponitur,

omne bonuni postponitur

40
i-

AURAICEPT

BB. 3i9a5l

samagthir gach ndereoil

(col. /3)

E.

23ai

ar tus 7 gach sainemail

co forbu.
Innsci tra cis

Ni ansa.

lir

tri

lasin nG-aidel

innsci dochuisin la Peni

mascul

i-

femen

Cest, caide deochair eturru ?

tri

urluimi

indsce

n-innisin

i-

ifw

che). 520

neodar lasin Laitneoir.

Ni ansa.

hic hec hoc

ise in fear, isi in Ibhean, ised in

Cest, cuin

ferinnsci / baninnsci 7 demhinsce

i-

Nosdeochratar
i-

ise isi ised

i-

neam.

525

immairigh eter in innsci

duil

in

dia

Ni ansa.

Intan feadair a hinsci choir fuirri

Ni imaircidi immorro eturru intan feadair

lar n-aicniudh.

Innsci for a n-aiU

ferinsci for Tbaninnsci

for ferinsci no deiminsci for neachtar

n-aei.

no baninsci

sa, ut dixit poeta

em

Peadair

ferinsce for haninnsce intan asTberar ise in

530

banmhac-

Dia mbadh missi in banmacan,

Nocechrainn cach faehnacan
Fer nad fintar gu gcluinnter,
;

,535

Slancheill chein duib, a muindter.

Pedair
isi in

dno
gabur

baninnsci

for

fearinnsci intan

asberar

gabuir uair is each,

gabur cid meighleach,
Isi in chorr cid reil nos-rel,
Ise in mintan cid banen.

Isi in

Ise in

Pedair dno deiminnsci for ferinnsci no baninsci intan

is ed a cheann sechis ceann flr on no mna,

asberar

t dicitiir

545
Ceand mna romannair mo mod,
Doi-far[r]aidh don, ni deilm ndil,
ed ceand is grannium sain

Is

Do

neoch

fil

for

muin

fo

nim.

520. 9

^^
^28

s-'-'
inscni E.
Gaidelc (c added later) B. : lasin nGoidel, neumur E.
-e
urlaind L. : urland E.
imaric E. eter indoi T. dia n-indis L. E.
'^"
ni himaircidh T.
cechtair n-ce, cechthuir n-i T.
cechtar L. E.'
Da ba misi E.
No ceachiaind cach fealmacan L. E. ni charhuinn nach felmacchm T.
gluinnter B. : cluindter L. : gluindtear E.
539-42 ^f.
O'Mollov Gr ii6
"o meidlech L. E.
^
gabar E.
-i- fo feghthair B. margin.
-'^nos-reil B.
nos-raeil E.
mindtn I " E
346-9
fir oin E.
HM. 135 a w.
mo mogh E. romaimair B. romandair E.
graindiu L.
granum sin E.
fo muin L.
:

^''

''^

''^
^*

'

'-'1

^
'-'^

"

'"^^

''Ji'

THE PRIMER
i.e.,

mean

every

thing

is

placed

41

every distinguished

first,

thing to conclude.

Now

as

how many

genders,

with
Not hard.
Three of them, i.e,, masciiline, feminine, and neuter
gender with the Gael, to wit, masculine, feminine, and
neuter with the Latinist. Query, what is the difFerence
to

the Irish? (that

among them?
of gender

is,

gooseberry

Not hard.

are

there

\vay).

(i)

Their three leading words

haec, hoc

difer, to wit, hic,

i.e.,

he, she, it

man she, the woman it, the heaven.

Query, when is there harmony between the gender

he, the

and the element

them ?

to describe

proper gender by nattire

Not hard.

When

There
no harmony, however, between them when one
gender may be applied for another, i.e., masc. for fem.,

its

is

applicable to

it.

is

or fem. for masc, or neuter for either of them.

masc.

may

when

be used for fem.

Now

a emale child

is

called he, ut dixit poeta :

If
I

were a female child,

should love every young student

A man

that

is

not discovered

till

Perfect sense for a while to you,

may

Also fem.
called she

be used for masc.

he

heard

is

of,

people.

when

the horse

is

The
The
The
The

gabur

is

she,

gabur

is

he,

heron

is

she,

titmouse

is

when
if it

it is

a horse,

be bleating,

though clearly

he,

it

reveals

though a female

itself,

bird.

Also neuter gender may be used for masc. or fem.

gender when it is said "it is his head," no matter
whether that one is a man's head, or a woman's, nt
dicitnr

woman's head that has destroyed

It

has gained ground, no dear sound,

It is

a head that which

Of any

that

is

is

my

work,

the most horrible

on a neck beneath heaven.

42

E.23a23

baninnsce for deiminnsce intan asberar 550

dno

Fedair
is

AURAICEPT

BB. 319/3 27

in chloch, ut dicitiir:

Is

he

in

lia, lith

rolas,

lar srethaib suadh in senchas

Is

ed onn

Is

iar

n-aicneadh

ail,

5o5

in cloch iar sserdataid.

Is e in daigh d^rg dighdi dath

Frisna geibthi cath na cith
Is ed ceand is chaemu cruth
;

Fail

gu mbruth forsmbroeniu

bith.

560

Samail a dealba ca chleith

Ealbha ingine Idhaidh
;

Fri goir ngreni glaine ar gurt,

Is fris samlaim a caemtucht.

Mad

n-urd choir na ndula, immorro, ni ainm

iar

ferinnsci no baninsci acht

du neoch dufuisium

o 565

ba deme chena aicneadh na

7
deminnsci a ferinnsci no a baninnsci.
dno
Duepenar
Doepenar dno ferinnsci 1 baninnsci a deiminnsci, amal
na
^^ ata isna /rannaibl^, 7 it he sin na deime tebede 7
^'"
ngeni-se.
a
lanamna deme 7
Scothegna
Laitne.
Insci -i- scientia (-i- ecna) a bunadh
tuisimar;

huile.

Innische a ine

a airbert.

conar
inn
7

no

ba

ceangar

no

asneis;

baninsci

no

ferr

tra

tra

-i-

deiminsci.

innisiu iar caei iar conair

tri

-i-

cucunn no durae uaini

na

tri

Perinnsci

no fo[f]herinsce no
inda innsci na mmna

nama

ferinsci
fir

-i-

dorrae

hinnsci

forinnsci 575

fir

baninnsci

-i-

-i-

ferinsci

no ferdha

[bis indsci in

Baninnsci dno

bis.

-i-

immorro

firenninnsci

firinnsci

innsci

no

-i-

-i-

no buan innsci no bonen^zinnsci no bona

L.]
-i-

scientia

RC. xx. 264

lithar rolass E. : HM. 135, b, I
Cor. Tr. 12
'""^
gaibthi L.: gabthai E.: gaphur si T.
sencas E. " derg daigi E.
^"^ gan clith E.
550 fil, bra;nu E.
forsm B. L. E. in bith T.
'^'^
Fhidhuigh T.
560-3 HM.
ingeine Idaig E.
135 a 42
'^^ Gr. Lat. v.
56;t
160, 8
159, 22
caemchucht L. : caemucht E.
Doepenar L.
566.624 tusimther L.
tuisimter E.
571 indscid oracio no sciencia T.
572 Indis ce E.
a airbert .i. airlapra no radh T.
57:
uand L. dorEe uaind E. trath .i' dorri -i- d' iarra/a' indsci cugumn T.
^''^
ban fir B. .1- b fir L.
576
fo erindsci L.

852-5

S53

'"''''

THE PRIMER
may

Also fem. gender

a stone

43

when

be used for neuter gender

is called she, ut dicitur

The

flagstone

According

A
A

block

is it,

stone

is

The

is

she according to

red flame

head

"

is

is

the history

according to nature, a rock,

it

artificiality.

" he," a prayer of colours,

is

Against which

A
A

he, a feast that has flamed,

to the threads of sages

not prevail battle or shower

will

" of fairest form,

place whereon with a glow the world

distills.

The likeness of her form, without concealment,

Of Elba, daughter of Idad,
To a bright sun's fire on a field
Thereto

liken her beauteous shape.

If it be according to the proper use of the elements,

however, there is no term of masc. or fem. gender
save for what generates or for what is generated

from

and neuter were else the nature of the whole.

On the one hand neuter gender is derived from
masc. and fem.
on the other, masc. and fem. are '^ftj^
derived from neuter, as it is in the v er ses, and these '^jwf^
are the derived neuters and the neuter couples and ^-n^f'
;

their pairs.

Speech that is
Word-wisdom, its

scientia,

knowledge, from a Latin

Speech-way,

use.

narration along the way, along the path

is

trodden

from

that

us,

them,
gender.

tra, that

i.e.,

is,

the

is,

the

three

gender,

it

i.e., it

or tra,

is,

is.

were

the

which
it

go

three

of

us, or let

i.e.,

root.
i.e.,

and neuter

however, added gender, or

goodman gender,

gender, or better than the

only that

conar, that

genders, masc, fem.,

Masculine gender

true gender, or

come unto

let it

saying

meaning,

its

or male gender, or

woman

gender, or

Peminine gender, again,

true, or lasting gender, or

manly

man gender
i.e., woman

fcmale gender.

::

AURAICEPT

BB.3i9^5i

44

no (320) fo
Demindsci dno -i- deim
i-

dagfis

fuirri

no in

dibeo

insci

du

dem

in

onni as dcm[o]

insce dimbeoaighthi

-i-

is

erlun;^

n-aill, 2 est, is

7 mascul insin

\^u\

est

ita

no

hinnsce sluinnes

no

maille

eraill

na

n-epert

sed, air ni erlond

is

Ferinnsci aicnid,

neam.

deminnsci

\n

innsci

ordugud

cei][l]

foirbthi.

is

cail

atat

Laitneoir

moo

-i-

niasculinus

-i-

fis

-i-

in

ferinnsci saerda,

bean

no

is

an 595

baninnsci saerda,

aicnid,

is

ed

neam

an

gotha fodera sin

na

focail berlai

nias

7 a col

mascuHni.

fear

na athgenwmar

Mascol
cul

quani col na

Femen dno

ni ni acht

-i-

-i-

7 io^men 7

comet

mna no

is

femder

no
onni 605

feme

-i-

Demindscean L. doem insgi furri E.

dimbeo L. dabse E. iirdibrt/ fuirri in dede reomuin T.
:

'*"'

se

fri

lasin

comfhiscol

"*'

binde lenn uair nis-gnathaigem.

neod;^;-

-i-

remshuidiugud.

ed in ceand.

no a bhel na mna 7 is
neamgnathugudh amal

'*^

inund

na mna.

nit

it

Aicneadh caem and 7

Aicned cEmh cetumus is
a sron no a
Aicned n-eitigh immorro, is
a fhiacail 600

sairda,

aicned etigh.
suil

perfectani 590

dictionnni

in

is

is

Priscianus dixit

?//

ata

-i-

Deminnsci

chloch.

neach'

fri

faillsiges

e in fer

is

Baninnsci aicnid,
in

sed,

a 585

fri

Innsci intan asberar

fris,

congrua\_ni\

deniostrans

sententiani

dosb^^re

dno et^r (hemeu

etargaire intan deifriche

is

Erlonn inund eter da erlonn nach

is

intan

Is etargaire

/rl.

or^di^natio

comimaircide

is

na mna. 580

no deiminsci

dighbaim

ni

-i-

em

erlon?^

Is

e in fear

nama gen

Oratio

i-

innsci

insci,

-i-

co n-anmai;// a athar senrud.

n-aili

fri

bis

fir

no deme

insci,

42

biu.

Cuin

is

is

innsci

.23

dobere L.
dosbere L.
^^ cen L. Gr.
m-i
Erland, da
no fri sedh T.

asbere E.
is eterscarad E.
dosbi H.
deif^rge E.
'''^
Lat. ii. 53, 28 Sg. 26
orat B. L.
erlaind nach at inunda i- si fri fri si no fri sed E.
"*^
sfls. 6,
earlond acht is remsuigugud E. L.
nat athgenmar L.
na haichnemair E. nad athgenam T.
''O^
ni gnath E.
cal coimet L. : cail E.
mo fis col L. E. Origg. xi. 2, 17
imasculina, femer ! feme Grece, largo (,A- og) Laiine E.
"'*^''

''^''

^"'^

""'
""'"

'"^

Jonium masculdo T.

isi fri

se

gser E.

masco-

THE PRIMER
good knowledge, or

or bona scientia, to wit,

man

gender of the

that the

gender, again, that

dark gender on
digbaini,

i.e.,

inanimate,

When
when

it

masc. there

to another thing, ut

or

from any one

Speech, when

deino^

gender

i.e.

Well,

he

est,

is

it

erlonn

the man,

is

then a comparison between the fem. and the

is
:

word

erlonn, leading

refers

There

etc.

from the word

is

or unliving gender,

not a gender that applies to quick.

is

it

it

Neuter

is.

dark gender or darkness gender or

is,

deprive

i.e.,

is

inferor to the

woman's gender

her, or the deni

45

a comparison

is

it

with

else,

said

is

it

his
is

it

when

it

differentiates

name

father's

especially.

he onIy, with no other along

with him, ut Priscianus dixit : Oratio

est ordinatio congi'ua

i.e., speech
an appropriate order of the words that shows the

dictionuni perfectanique sententiani denionstra?is,

is

Erlonn

sense.

perfect

that are not the s2,mQ.,

is

not erlonn,

it is

masculine speech,
speech, "she"

the

is

heaven
is

the stone.
artificial

It

is

he

" is

woman:

is,

nothing

but

is

sed

artificial

Natural feminine
feminine speech^

artificial

Natural neuter speech, "it"

it " is

is

Beautiful

nature

woman's.

Ugly
mouth

his tooth or his

and quality of voice causes

want of

use,

as

the

There

eye the

It

is

the head.

and ugly nature.

her nose or her

woman's

man

the

the heavens.

nature on the other hand

the

is

neuter speech, "

beautiful nature

first

"he"

speech,
"

"she"

fri se ox fri sed ; for

\.o v^\\.,

erlonn

an anteposition.

Natural masc.

is

same between two

the

is

are

that,

that

the words of a

i.e., we do not think

them sweet because we do not use them. Masculine,
feminine, and neuter with the Latinist, that is, nias, a

language which we do not know,

male,
i.e.,

and

cu,

major ejus

luxuria

or

it is

keeping

scientia,

or coni-fis-col knowledge, lust,

et

niajor ejus

from the word

niasculijtus,

qiani
i.e.,

feminae

masculine.

;::

46

AURAICEPT

BB. 320a26

Graece.uirgo Latine

ogh-ingen

ander gach

Femdeir didiu

slan.

no emen quasi fciner

E.23a63

-i-

a feniore

femiir

\-

-i-

-i-

and is ben-si intan fognaithir dia sliasait

no maitnechas nnde feniina de flescda no 610
maithchnechas dicitur ; no is onni ^.s feniinina^femina {banda no banecoscda no bangnethach no bangnimach.

sHasat, air

no fem^w

Neudur

is

flesc

-i-

nach

ni fetur cia cenel, uair

-i-

onni as neutrum neimhneachtardha

Caite deochair eturru

com[a]ircim.

rempu

-i-

urlundinnsci

tri

riasna hinscibh

sin a tindscedul a

ndiaidh

-i-

iii

cuin

(-i-

nec illud -v

Jioc

a[s]

sciscor,

Ni ansa.

remslonnudh

ise isi ised

-i-

615

Nasslointi

acht ata urlaind

neutur tuicthear trethu. 620

J masc//l /

Etardheilighther dno eter na

imaric

no neutur

nd-edargnu remsluind dona foclaib ina

femen

/ insce

-i-

nec

Cest, onni

nec masculinum nec femininum.

defrigidar a

-i-

no se

si

cenelaibh.

tri

Cest, cuin

aenairectain suad) eter in insci J in

as

Ni ansa. Intan fogabhar a hinnsci

Acht do neoch dofuisim / o tuisimar atat da

duil dia n-innisen?

choir

fuirri.

thuismiudh and, tuismiudh aicenta

Tusmiudh

aicenta geine

tusmiud sairda

mor easba

in

mac

-i-

sceo

tuismiudh saerda. 625

ingean o mnai

amal asbeir Uraicept

fer o tha.hnain,

-i-

talman meni tusmedh clanda.

fodhla saerdhatadh

-i-

Cetheora

rainde J tugait hiniusa J

deifir

Deifir rainni, ut
J cuimri raid.
fil
and isin ingin
din raind oigi

iUugud labartha

est, is

banmac-sa

is

^'^^

-i-

der Grec'ia, id est,

der Graece for lan, lan femder didiu -i' og- ingen E.
^os Qrigg. xi. I, lo6
^**"
foghnus T. dia shliasait B.
2, 21, 24
maithnechas B. maitcnechas L. maithcneas tinde femina ! deidecasc:

filiaLatinel:.
^i"

e in 630

(col. /3)

thach no maethcnesach E. fiescach no mrtothcnesach T. Origg.

"i^
"'^ Origg. i. 7, 28
Gr, Lat. viii. 82, 25.
se noHatr E.
^^^ nodefrigthar E.
615 L Cesc
6" a se remhsloindidh roslointi rompo E. remsluindte T.
:

xi. 2,

21

iscistcoir

E.

'19

ndeadarg

'^'^

indesend E.

62 defir
631

'i-

inde E.

Origg.

xi. 2,

L.

a tetargnu

-i-

^^s, 7
gser
fogabair E.
^^ iUud, cumra E.

24

^'^

E.
-i-

feur E.

^^s

Deithbir L.

immricc E.

mana

tuistimis T.

Defir a indi E.

THE PRIMER
Next feminine,
in

Latin

pure virgin
thigh, for

to w\\.,fem-der, to \w\t,feme in Greek, tcirgo

ainder every intact one.

ov femen quasi femer,

it is

then she

atur ; or femen,

or of

is

not she or he

one nor other,

form, or

femininum.

servi-

is, I

i.e.,

womanlv,

womanIy activities, or womanly

do not know what gender, since it
word neutrum, neither

nec hoc nec illud, id est, nec masculinum nec

i.e.,

Cesc,

VVhat

'\.&.,femur,

woman qmim femori ejus

or neuter from the

is

a sheltered one, or tender skinned

de,

Neuter, that

enquire.

a femore,

from the wors femenina,fe?nina,

it is

womanly

deeds.

is

Femdeir, then,

i.e.,

a root of fighting, or contentiousness,

i.e.,

unde femina dicitur

.one; or

47

query,
the

is

from

is

word

the

sciscor,

among them ?

difference

Not

hard.

Their three leading words of gender distinguish

them,

i.e.,

their

before them,

i.e.,

three antedenotations,
before the genders,

these leading words

stand

the

at

denotations

i.e.,

i.e.,

he, she,

it

commencement

ndicate the antedenotation of the vvords following

and masculine, feminine, and neuter gender

is

but
to

them

understood

through them.

There

distinction, then,

is

Query, when

among

there agreement

the three genders.

when is there a
philosopher's one invention) betvveen the gender, and the
element

gender

is

for telling
is

them

found upon

it.

Not

(i.e.,

When

hard.

But of

all

its

proper

that generates

and

generated from, there are two generations, a natural

and an artificial generation. A natural generation of
is

birth,

to

artificial

wit,

generation,

Primer says
it

son

Great

and
i.e.,

is

daughter

out

of

grass, out of the

woman

earth, as

an
the

the uselessness of the earth unless

bring forth progeny.

There are four subdivisions of

of Part, Cause of Euphony,

artificiality, to wit, Difiference

Amplifying Speech, and Brevity of Terminology.

est, " he " is this female child, that

ence of Part, ut

Diiferis,

the

4^

AURAICEPT

BB. 320/3I

aim
ban

Tucait bindiusa, ut

ainm

is

-i-

goar

nais) co tuc in

ut

labartha,

Cuimri

imim

immi

7 criathar

and

fil

ghabair 7

in

ar tucait mbinniusa

fris

ed a cend 7

raid, ut es, rusc

labartha

esf, is

is

7 criathar arba

im arbor do

modh n-aicenta

-i-

Secht n-eatargaire tra dochuisneat

Hilugud

635

uair ropad

Air

rad.

it

e da

modh sserdatadh.

i-

a ngrad condeilg
Etar- 640

filid.

persainn, etargaire n-inchoisc persainni,

persainni

etargoire

eoch

da urlabra

liate in

lasin Laitneoir is eatargoiri a n-ainm lasin

goiri in incoisc

d'

solus isin Fenic[h]us (no isin Breat-

be

file

est, is

emilt rusc im

modh

-i-

23/318

e.

ngnim,

etargoire

persainne

nderscugud i- possit 7
comparait 7 superlait lasin Laitneoir i- fothugudh 7
forran 7 formoladh lasin fllid maith 7 fearr 7 fearrson 645
etargoire meite i mmetughudh, etarlasin nGaedeal
Etargoire n-inchoisc hi
goire lughaghthe i lugugud.
persaind cetiimus unnse (i- in fer) xmnsi (- in ben)
onnar (i- i[n] nem) etargoire in inchoisc persainni, me
faden, tu faden, he faden, sinni fadesin, sibsi fadesin, 650
Btargaire derscaigti

cessadh.

Etargaire persainni

siat-som fadesin,

ngnim

darig-

nius, darignis, darigne, darignisam, darignesaih, darig-

Etargaire persainni

ensad.

rot-char-su, rocharsom,

7 ferr 7

ferrsom

^
"'^
8^''

*''
*>-^

(-i-

mor

"'*

L.

lugaide E.
335'5,

''^^

rom-car-ne,

maith 655

i-

bec

isin
''^'

Btargaire lug-

lugxim 7 lugusomh.

Fhenacus E.
emilta, Air

uindse, uindse L.

robar-carabar-si,

Etargaire mete

moosom.

rom-charthar, etc, which

robarcarsi, roduscarsum,

nderscugud

sidhe).

la

^ioo

gobur { solus
cuimredh T.

Feineachus L.

lasin nGsedel coitchend a n-ecmais in

llugh[ug]udh

HiUugud
cf.

rom-char-sa,

roinchar-ne, rom-charabair-si,

immorro

fothugad

mmetugud
haighthi

cessadh:

Etargaire derscaigthi

roscarsad.

filed,

is

'^

uindsi E.
transiated

rocarsom

L.

Cor.- 675
^^ persainde E.

e E.

it

dorignius E.

darignetar siat E.

romcaraisiu,

romcarni,

rodomcarsum E.

ndersgnaigac// E.

*'-^

luguthi E.

'"^

lugum-son L.

THE PRIMER
name

and

steed,

that

from the part of virginity which

arises

in the girl

Cause of Euphony,

name

is

it

tit

of Speech,

it

est, it

tit

is

the

sake of euphony

Now

Brevity of Terminology, ut

sieve of corn

for

mode and

Inflection of

the

were tedious

it

named

distinguishing,

to

inflection of person

belaudation with the poet

flrst

unnse, here

onnar, here
:

is

is

man

the

the thing

did,

is

in

the

meaning of

we ourselves,

Inflection of person in

thou didst, he did,

we

meaning

tmnsi, here

inflection of

myself, thou thyself, he himself

art loved, he is loved,

we
:

did,

ye

am

they
loved, thou
did,

are loved, ye are loved, they

Inflection of distinction in distinguishing,

are loved.
is,

and best with

Inflection of

Inflection of person in passive

did.

comparative, and

good, better,

ye yourselves, they themselves.

active

active,

foundation, aggravation,

of diminution in diminishing.

in

inflection of greatness in increasing, inflection

a person

by the

Inflection of distinction

wit, positive,

superlative with the Latinist

the Gael

inflection

in a person, inflection of

inflection of person in passive.

a person

exist,

artificial.

meaning

meaning of a person,

woman

est,

there are seven inflections, to wit, the compara-

tive degree of the Latinist is

poet.

goar,

Amplifying

For these are two modes of speaking that

the natural

that

is,

the Welsh, so that

round about butter, and a sieve round about

to say a bark
corn.

there

her head, and the two expressions

more Iengthy
a bark of butter, and a

in

is

the gabaii\

is

white horse, that

for a

for the

she

est,

sohis in the Feinechus, or in

is,

the poet put b to

are

49

good, better, best

(i.e.,

the poet

with the

common Gael

in

foundation, how-

contradistinction

to

ever, with

Inflection of increase in increasing

great,

him).

greater, greatest,

diminishing

small, less,

it

is

Inflection of

and

diminution in

least.

50

AURAICEPT

BB. 320^28

Secht n-etargoire
no

is

etechtu ata
uile ut est

na

eis

sechtmad ernail

isin

-i-

Pars pro

toiti

dar

treidhib

etarghnugh[ud]

ghotha andsin

in

-i-

660

isinn

condelg

Etargoire

-i-

guth

gair

no etargleodh

rand dar

\- in

rainni.

etargairi

-i-

in sechta ita in

na

eis

inna eolus

Etargoire

pro parte

tota 7 tota

in toiti

etardheilighthi

n-aineolus.

mbe

soighthi dia

i[s]

-i-

mbe

saighthi dia

E. 23/343

-i-

665

iar

-i-

ngleodh a heassa etarru.

In chondealg lasin Laitneoir is etargoiri lasin
fiHdh

molais
filed

fialsaighi

-i-

no

fili

onni

is

guru fellsumh.

no

philosophus

ani aerais, 7

fi

meid
meid

7 inni naz/^ma

minus

et

Dedhe immorro

7 inni 7 inchosc?

is

in

olc \mmalle.

mbeg

Is

bonus

-i-

meid.

Is

et vialus

mor

-i-

coneilg in neich

is

is

edarghoiri

-i-

lasin Laitneoir

-i-

in indi

beg

7 is

mor

-i-

Tiiagnus

maith

675

lais-j-ium/^

Inchosc \mmo7'ro agon

lughu.

fhiHd, ni condelg esz^fe etir lasin Laitneoir, acht

et

ani

lasin Laitneoir

in;^

ed a inni lasin nGaedel

a meid

filid
li

fellsamh ar dliged in 670

-i-

Cidh ar nach treidhi

condelg amal as treidhi lasin nGaedel

in

no fialshuighi

pronomen

uerbum.

Cidh fodera dosumh a radh a ngradh conde[i]lg lasin 680

Laitneoir is edargoiri a
tri

ainm

laisin filid 7 ni fuil acht

graidh condeilg lasin Laitneoir, 7 atat secht n-etargoire

icon fiHd

Ni dia chutrumugud eim dosum dno, acht

ita etargoire lasin fiHd is

etargoire derscaigthi

condeilg 7

is

-i-

Ni cach etargoire

is

cach condealg

condelg las-[s]ium posit?

^
^
^
^

condelg lasin (321) Laitneoir

nderscugud.
is

Cidh ar madh

etargoire.

Ar

Ni ansa.

is

as fotha, 7 ata

^^ saigithi E. inna eolus B. E.

solgthidi ambse E.
''*'^
isin ectu E.
instechta ita in congaelg- B.
Origg. i. 37, 13. tar es no toidi 7 in toit tar es na rainde E.
*'*
comprait dombeir-sium arin coinneilg uile T.
^^'^
etardheilighi B.
etardeiligthi i treib E.
etergleod ! iar ngles
i
felsai A- foglaim 7 sai fogluma hesium iarsani bid foglum aici
""i
fel fogluim T.
foglaim L.
i felsui E.
go rob L. '"'' L. Deighi
'^"^
^- i condeilg
inn inne E. *''^ in beac L. ''''* esen L.
in grad L.
^^ Ni cach etargoire B. repeats.
etardersgugud inderscnaigtech,
687 fotta E.
gach E.
:

E.
ic

H.

E.
In

685

THE FRLMER
Seven
is

inflections, that

in his

it is

knowIedge

in gnorance.

or

Inflection,

iit

est

whole and the whole

for the

isto beseparated into three,

i.e.,

tota et tota

there

is

filidh, poet, that

or

owing

to

Why

fi,

inflecton

is

With the

the

which

that

philosopher.

Gael, to wit, quantity,

Well, with the Latinist

great and

Gael, however, this

This

is

less,
is

its

its

less.

is

however,

is

prononien

et verbiini.

The

that

the quantity.

is

quality, to wit,

with the Latinist

him
is

say

named

good

is

great in compari.son

poet's inchosc, signification,

with the Latinist not comparison at

What makes

two

is

it

good and bad,

wit,

quantity, to wit, great and

and with him the small

with that which

there

//

be

and quality only, to

and bad together.

small

with

triad

the quality

is

and

satirises,

comparison a triad with the Latinist, as

things, quantity

that

with the

the word philosophus, philosopher,

and meaning?

quality,

is inflection

the duty of the poet to

not

is

or interdecision,

generous seeking, or generous

that which

or fili from

praises

is,

i.e., it

voice,

knowledge between them.

after the deciding of his

sitting

Etargaire,

etargaire, \.Q.,gir

The comparison of the Latinist

poet

the whole

is

pro pare^ the part

for the part.

and

interpretation of the voice

i.e.,

stands in the unlawful,

i.e., it

Pars pro

whence
whence he

to be sought out

to be sought out

part of the heptad

to wit, in the seventh

comparison,

is, it is
it is

51

that

comparative

inflection

all,

but

degree

by the poet, seeing

but three degrees of comparison with the

and the poet has seven inflections? It is not

are

Latinist,

indeed to equate them does he do so now, but that which

s

inflection with the poet is

i.e.,

comparison with the Latinist,

inflection of distinction in distinguishing.

inflection

Why

is

is

comparison, but every comparison

positive

with him a comparison

Not every
is

inflection.

Not

hard.

52

BB.

AURAICEPT

32ia4

derscughudh

ut dicitur, airim

di,

E. 23

unair, ut est

fri

est

nunierus sed fundanientuni nunieri

co

mbad

-i-

nochon

airim, acht ata conidh fotha airim, 7

13

63

Unus non

fhil int a;n

amal

ita alt

690

icon Gaidhel, 7 ni dech fadesin, cidh la deochu adrimt//'r, 7

tria saerdataid insin

-i-

int alt aicenta imniorro

de posit

Cid arnid ainm comparati doberat-somh forin condelg

Ni ansa.

uili?

Superla.it

cetumus

Poisit

dno, ni derscaigt/er

Ni derscaigh do

derscaighidh di neoch, derscaigther

ainm

conid airisin

di,

is

foriata in condelg.

Caite condelg

condelg suin
donus,

ceilli

cen son, 7 condelg suin cen

moUe ?

7 ceilli

ceilli

cheill, 7

cen son,

Condelg suin cen

optinius.

nie/ior,

Condelg

Condelg suin

inaxinius

is

7 ceilH malle,

condelg techta.

in sin in

derrscugud de, ut

est

it

est

?t

est

ut est

ceiU,

bonus, bonior, boninius ; nobhiadh iar sun sain 7 "i

ceill.

ni bi

ni

Comparait immorro 695

di.

fil

700

iar

niagnus, niaior,

Bid dno maith,

Deus.

Caite deochair eter se 7 uinse

Uindse cetumus

sluind 705

persainni [sain]raidchi insin, ut dicitur : unse uait in fer-sa

saindriud cona anmaim, ut dixit poeta

Unse chugut

in gillgugan,
r[e]arrgugan
Bid cach maith lat ar cingugan,
A ceallgugan.

Ma

Sluind
fes

'^^

immorro amal ata

ceniuil

cia sainriudh, acht

is

fer

is

tantuni.

710
in

fear,

ni

Cidh fodera ind

nuraair E.
Origg. iii. 3, i
airmi L. : comad airem E.
^^ Gseidiul, cid la deachu airmither L.
gid la deecu arimt/zr iter saerda-.
''''^
t-alt a.\cefita amal aia prois E.
do L.
taib insin E.
'*'
Prois cetamus, inderscnaidchi do ni E.
^^ Superlait didiu ni derscnaigth?;- di E.
""^
'*'
honisimus L.
bonissimus El.
sech derscnaigit, derscnaigther E.
'"*
'' deochairt^^;- B.
Gr. Lat. v. 158, 30 Virg. Gr. 91, 20
"'^
708-ii Cormac, Atiec. iv.
persainraice E.
II03
709 errgugain E.
raragain T.
"'*'
a
agad
a
cinngucan
ilonga
brab ifin H.
ar
E.
breib T.
bid can B.
'^' cellcucan a ceanngucan -i' a cinn gegain H.
ara cindagain, a cenagain
"^
=
viii.
Sluinde
6
coitcend
T.
ceiwniuil
B.
Gcin)
CZ.
T. ( Cenn
316,
''S''

dersgnugud E.
nocho fuil E.

huimif L.

fri

''^^

THE PRIMER
Because

that which

is

it

distinction for
unit,

cst

it

nunicri,

cst

is

as the

metrical foot

itself,

Gael has

though

it

is

opposed to a

nujucrus sed fundanicntuni

not a number, but

is

number, and
that through

number

nt dicitur, a

it,

one

i.e.,

the foundation, and there

is

Unus non

53

is

and

it

it

alt, joint,

numbered

is

of

basis

not a

is

vvith feet,

and

the natural alt stands for

artificiality, to wit,

positive.

Why

not the

is it

name

of comparative that they apply

Not

hard.

does not surpass anything.

The

to

comparison?

all

The

surpassed.

comparison

What

so

first

however,

comparative,

by something,

surpassed

Positive

Now

superlative, again,

that

it

is

is

surpasses,

it

not
is

that reason

for

an inclusive name.

is

comparison

is

of

sense

without sound, and

comparson of sound without sense, and comparison of

Comparison of sense without

sound and sense together ?

sound,

est

tit

honus,

sound without sense,

it

?//

might be according

according

ut est

together,

it,

What

ut
is

cst,

to sound,

niagnus,

proper comparison.
surpass

cst

though

ntaior,

Yet there

is

Uindsc

first

that

niaxinius,

is

the

sc, t

is

he,

and

uinse,

the denotation of a particular

there,

?//

dicitur : here he

7it

dixit pocta

is

which

does not exist

Dcus.

with his name,

person

it

good, and nothing to

the difference betvveen

here he is?

Comparison of

optinius.

bonus, bonior, bojiinius

Comparison of sound and sense

sense,

to

niclior,

is,

this

man

in particular,

Here comes to thee the dear little fellow,

Son of a dear littlc black-bird [Mac Lonin].
Have thou every good prepared for him,
Dear little Cellach.
\S\

is

and

it

a denotation of gender, however, as he

s

not

known

vvho in particular, but

is
it

man
a man

the
is

AURAICEPT

BB. 32ia26

54

irlond conidh inwsci 7 conidh etargoire

is

ac sluind

in fer uair is

asberar

unse,

inchoisc

innsci

hs,

erlond

Sluind

persaind

acht

persaind fein

tanaisti 7 tres persainde atat

na hetargaire

Cidh ar nar ba

Ni ansa.

inchoisc persainne?

me

demniti 7

cac/i

dicituv

dehgidi

fri

demnite gach

is

me

i[s]

\-

condelc in etechta

fein 7 ni

est

-i-

Ferchertne

,K(jtl

'

is

fadein, ul 725

eli

intan asberar
biaid corob

-i-

fil/.

Finit primus

in

Is etecta

libcr.

Loc don

denma du

Tucait a

^no

in etechta

ferr a fhis.

-i-

Emain 735

libur-sa

Persu do

breith esa faind 7 boirb

/"^).

Seachta frisa toimsiter Gaedhelg

*^^

me

n-aimsir Conchobair mic Neassa.

for seis (col.

neach

Condelc
fors

Incipit do lebur Ferc//?;-tne.

l^"'^

fadein, air

Fogabar dno in comparait

mare Ponti\c\um quam cetera 730

in sin.

ar ni maith int anfis.

Mhacha.

rfif

720

n-etargaire

muir Point andat na muiri ar chena,

somillsi

cetna ernail in Auraicepta

;

me

persaind a radh

ni athairrigthir.

cen phosit, ut est: Dulcius

insin

persainde

uili.

chetpersu uathaid,

in

-i-

co n-abair

Quicquid iteratur ut firmus fiat

egoniet.

a hinchosc

iniponendo egomet \ipse enini egofeci ~ non alius cuvi

dicitur egoniet L.] uair

maria

e 715

Etargaire deifrighudh na

persainde tria hinchosc di fadein

conar bo leor a radh

is

me

leor leis-[s]ium a rad

is

etargairi

in

ita

cetpersainde

ic

trit

atberat

ata

sluind

co n-aichniter

innsci

is

etargoire intan

is

amal

ceneoil

isin

-i-

ann

Is

intan

-i-

oen

isa

suidhiu.

24al4

E.

i-

fid 7

deach, reim

'40

7 forba[i]dh, alt 7 indsci 7 etargoiri.

"''

^^''

oir is reimsluinne

"--

etardethbriugud E.

isberar E.

is aen,

"-^

nar bo lr

"-'

demnidhi

"-"

deimnigthi, dehgthi, a tairgiotar L.

"''^

co

mba

viii. clxxxiii.
"''

fors

isechta E.

poisit

Origg.

T.

""'^

i'

is
'""^

ferr a

tis

ni ar B.

xiii.

"-'

in pronoinine

'-'

7 is deiligthidi E.

''"

T.

16,

4: Gr. Lat.

fit/r (/.

Finit

Amen

fir)

L.

ii.

"''^

Pointt anait E.

do

T.

aitirgidir E.

rofit/;""

uindsi E.

"-"

uathad E.
cf. Gr. Lat.
:

ii.

ata E.

590, 26

aithrigthir T.

iv. 374, 29;

92, 15
indecta E.

inas

borb L.

don

fir

na

'"'

toimister E.

fit/>

T.

THE PRIMER
What

tantuui.
insci^

one

malces the irlond^ leadng word, become

gender, and etargaire^ inflection

gender,

he

unse, there

"

he
It

is.

When

wherein

as denoting

man" when

inflection there

is

it

is

it

it

is

erlond,

when

it

is

said

the

is

the person

in

is

i.e., it

meaning, so that

is its

first,

the

is

in a person,

known thereby

is

second, and third person, wherein are

deem

did he not

inflection

denoting person

Not

hard.

itself,

to

wit,

in

enough

to say "

definite,

and

nt dicitnr

the

own

reiterated

fiat,
is

it

is

confirmed.

quavi cetera niaria^

the seas, and

i.e.,

that

improper comparison,
wit, fovs^ chance,

it

for

it

is

is

the

In

its

the time

is

est

mare Ponticuni

An

part of the Primer, to

knowledge.

That

Finit prinius

The

is

not

liber.

place of this book,

of Conchobar

Ferchertne, the poet.

weak and rude

Quicquid iteratur

the sea of Pontus than

first

not good.

Incipit to Ferchertne's bok.

Emain Macha.
The person to it,

myself,"

myself and not

found also the compara-

Dulcius
is

was not
is more

an improper comparison.

better

i.e.,

proper; for ignorance

is

sweeter

too,

in

is

be that everything which

There

is

it is I

said egoniet.

will so

i.e., it

tive without a positive, ut est

to bring

myself "

iviponendo egoniet, since

"

defining of

distinct from every person to say "

another person when

ut firnius

Inflection

person singular

first

so he says "

I,"

"

say

to

sufficient

it

differentiating of the person through its

it,

indsci^

the inflections.

Why

all

is

it

denotation of gender such as

meaning

inflection of

all

stands as denoting gender, but of which

it

and they say

leading word, there.

itself

55

Reason

MacNessa.
for

making

folk to science.

Seven things according to which Gaelic is measured,

letter and verse-foot, deolension and accent, syllable and
gender, and inflection.

:;

56

AURAICEPT

BB.32I/3 4

Seachta
n-aeahinni
airimh

no

vii

-i-

bunadh

Seacht

airbert

i-

seachta annside

don

ruidhles conadar

n-ecmais dialta, ar

Coitcheand

aire rofacbadh.

is

seachta

foc<v/ is

cetairimh sechta

fris

a nd-ebradh

-i-

ni

fil

in

7 diles 7 745

Coitchend do cach

Diles do a seacht diuidib.

airimh seachta

fri

Ruidhles do in

seacht laithib na

Innleas a tabairt for airimh n-aiH acht for a

seachtmaine.

Tomus

Toimes a

primeillge na filideachta no brosnacha bairdne

n[d]eich na filidheachta

seacht.

24^36

Laitneoir.

lasin

seachta da aeib doimiter and.

-i-

vii

septini a

-i-

e.

viensura

'-i-

Toimhes a

bunad

Laitneoir. 750

lasin

meas
meas doghnither o theangaidh.
In gne
Cest, caitet
no in cenel iomhusl
cenel eimh.
Is
a gnee? Ni ansa. Tomus filideachta 7 tomus bairdni
Cad ruidhleas 7 dileas 7 coitchend 755
7 tomus prosta.
Ruidhleas do filidindles
hi
tomus?
Ni ansa.
7
fen

airi

eacht

hinni.

-i-

breith

sechta inso

Pidh
fotha,
'mW.es

diles

\-

ria

co

ae

a airbert.
-i-

f(?;//edhaib.

h non
mbad

Diles

seacht.

air ni

fil

do bairdni

-i-

Coitchend immorro

n-anala.

alt

Seachta

and.

fo

760

sis.

do fedhaib

acht huath.
est

to tenga 7

fundanientuni a bunad haitne: Fo edh a hinni

no fidh

do

-i-

-i-

tomus fri cluais 7 ^ri coir

de prois o dhialt immach.
Indles do se immorro,
vii for

airbert

Ruidhles

ruidhles

7 diles 7

coMcJiend

do fhedhaib aireghdhaibh,

Coitchend immorro do thaebomnaib 765

Indles do sen immorro, air ni taebomwrr

est litera

sed nota aspirationis

Htir acht ata

'^-^

airem, no a

"^^

diles

vii

conidh noit

primeilge, no

vii

-i-

nocho

Tinfedh

tinfidh.
"**

brosnacha E.

etir, 7it

n[fh]uil

i-

hinnles T.

dona vii ndechaiph na filidheachta T. atecht diuiti E. 1. ndiuiti

'^^
"'^^
airem E.
fris a ndubrad L.
i>d-ebrad E.
"'^
'''^ no in gnim do tomus ? is gnim emh E.
do thenga 7 me is airi fein E.
""'^
coint B. = coitchend
am briatha;- seachta E. "'^ do E. L.
'*"
'^ do sein e, Secta fo vii-a andso sis E.
taeboimwa B.
'** ni a toebomnaib E.
" Gr. Lat. ii. 35, 24
sed est E.
12, 20
8, 22
''*
nod tinfid L.
:

''''^

THE PRIMER
Seachta, heptad,

i.e.,

meaning of

the

is

heptad of sciences are measured there.

number, that

peculiar

Common

it

are

its

to

of the week.

use,

its

i.e.,

Aleasure,

o,

is

is

common, and improper

poetry, that

is,

its

Proper to bard poetry,

in

Tomus, measure,
itself,

(^ij

What

measure

i.e.,

measure a

Is

Query,

Measure of poetry, of

hard.

peculiar, proper,

is

Not

being referred to
i.e., its

seven days

number other

genus certainly.

is

Not

it

number of

root according

its

made by tongue.
It

species

is

heptad

Proper to
first

wit, the

meaning.

its

bard poetry, and of prose.

to

the

application to a

mensura

i.e.,

Measure,

species or a genus
its

it is

tongue, and vieas, estimate

an estimate which
what are

Peculiar to

its

or

Common,

left out.

might be applied, to

it

to the Latinist.

was

it

asked for the word

are

Improper,

than seven.

each number of seven.

is

seven simples.

seven to which

or seven metrical feet of the

on that account

proper, and

i.e.,

Its use, to wit, its

from monosyllable, for the heptad

apart

not therein

it,

seven prime metres of the poetic art

is,

incitements of bard poetry

poetic art

according to the

septent its root

Seven sciences

Latinist.

57

measure to

proper adjustment of breathing.

Peculiar

hard.
its

seven kinds.

suit the ear,

and

Common, however,

to

prose from a monosyllable onward.

Improper thereto, however,

exist there.

for alt, juncture,

does not

Septas, seven times for a heptad from this

time forward.
Pid, letter, that
law,

its

meaning

Peculiar,
i.e.,

proper,

peculiar

to

however

est litera

for

fundamentuni

it

its

of science

improper

its

use.

vowels,

to

vowels, proper to diphthongs,

to consonants except h.
is

Under

Latin root.

wood

common, and

principal

Common, however,
it,

\s

foundation, or

not a consonant at

sed noa aspirationis,

is

Improper

all, ?t

est

not a letter but

to

h nou
it is

jrf

tiniudh feadh

ed

AURAICEPT

BB.32i^3o

58

nemnigudh feadha doradh

-i-

ruidhles 7

is

Deach dno

.24

is

diles 7

is

55

friu sin uili.

Is

770

choitc/iend doib.

bunadh Laitne.
dibh uaighthir immorro

troich (no ar frithindlidhach) a

Degfuach no defuach

da;/7

a hinni

[a] airbert intan i[s] sreath.

Caite ruidhles 7 diles 7 coit-

chend indles isna deac[h]aibh

do rad

fein

cach

Diles doib dialt do radh

dialt.

n-ai dibh, air is dialt

do dhialt

im;/iorro

air ni

alt

fil

fri

776

duf(?rmaidh gach n-x dib for

Coitchend doib deich do radh

araili.

fris,

amal ata

friu

Ruidhles doib a n-anmand

fri

Indleas

cach dib.

deach duna seacht ndeachaib

ele

do radh

and.

re huawma ai a hinni intan is filideacht,

Reim a.no
ni huaim tomais \igt/ii.
re huam intan is bairdni
Reim ano a
raid uaim intan is phrois.
Reim dsLno
-i-

780

-i-

-i-

no reim onni as
no tm'sesil a bunadh
comhshuidhiughud a bunadh. Ruidles do reim
do fid for fid i filideacht diles do taebreim ceatharcubaid 785
Zo\tc/iend immorro do reim suin
filideachta 7 bairdne.
diles do
suin
reim
do
cen cheill 7
7 cheilli immaille

airbert,

diall

robamus

i-

prois

immorro do reim
dosum nar bo lor

indles

Cid

co nn-earbairt
Ceithri

me

gnei

immorro

ninugud

">'''-'

~'^
'**"

'^

(?)

fer.

Ni

Vatxaic.

"''

lais

for
Is as

airicar a

uam/wa L,

ruidlesta E.

f'

uair ni

fillt/r.

me nawma

radh

790

prois

reim suin,

reim

(322)

remnigther.

Reim

air is

-i-

ceilli,

aendealb

'"'

E.

dibuaidthir, a airbert E.

cach ni dib,

namma,

fadein, ut supra ?

reim suin, amal ata

amal ata

suin

araile E.

rc-cim,
'^''

huama E.
ceithrecubait E.

ar it indledach L.
"^.s deechaib E.

""'^ deeich, deech E.

"'^^

'*"'

re

huaim E.

leor L.

tom;/ L.
'''

co n-abair L.

THE PRIMER
mark

of aspiration.

of letters,

That

these.

Tinfedh, aspiration,

its

when

it

meaning
is

apply their

Good word

from them

What

a series.

and improper

ali

metrical foot, -ai^-beaeit4&-sy iiuiiyiuuus7 Jttif^jlt

fuisxid3LQQtirc>flft~aJ-^fH=ot.

then,

a vanishing-

and common to them.

peculiar, proper,

is

Then deach,

i.e.,

of a letter to apply to

annihilation

i.e.,

59

linked

is

its

use, hovvever,

are peculiar, proper,

in the metrical feet?

own names

or double vvord,

Peculiar to

common,
them to

to them, such as dialt, monosyllable.

Proper to them, to apply monosyllable to each of them,

for

Common

another.

[the

no juncture

is

them

to

is

contained in

Reim, course, that

is,

meaning vvhen

it

its

when

is

it

it.

time of composition of
poetry

is

bard poetry, that

a legitimate

measure.

speech-stitching vvhen
diall,

to

to apply feet to each of

is

Improper to monosyllable, however, is to apply to

name of] one of the other seven metrical feet, for

them.
it

them adds

a monosyllable that each one of

is

it

is,

Reiin,
it

is

it

the vvord robauius,

i.e.,

its

is

then,

prose.

declension, or tuisea/, case,

root

to reini, alliteration, of letter

is

by

ae, sciences,

time of alliterations,

not composition of
that

is,

raid-iiaiin,

Reiin, then,
its

root

its

use

or reijn from

a compound.

Peculiar

letter in poetry

to a side [or end] reini through the quatrain

proper

of poetry

and bard poetry.

Common, however, to declension of
sound without sense and to declension of sound and
sense together proper to prose
improper, however, to
:

declension of sound onIy, for they are not inflected.

What
only,

caused him to

and to say

Four species
to

wit,

dcclined.

"

deem

it

insufficient to say "

myself," ut supra ?

in prose,

however, out of reim, declension

declension of sound such as fer.

Thence

Declension of sense such as Patraic.

sion of sound

is

"
I

not found, for there

is

it

is

Its declen-

one form

for its

"^^

t/J

^Mdjj\

^-T/J

<50

BB. 322 a

fora

Fland

AURAICEPT

ainmnid

reim suin 7

7 for^' geniil:

Tabreim

Flaind.

prosta

reim

ut

as,

malle,

ann

fer,

est,

air

fir,

in

est,

Reim dano cem

malle.

ainmniugud

-i-

is

ind,

as

795

-i-

7{t
iiici

inchosc

a airbert

800

neimnigh

Bellat mathair Niu[i]l

Do

ar

Reim

Reim

reimnigther,

fer

fadein,

remnigther.

air is as

ind

is

me

-i-

amal ata

ceilli

Treda ara togarar reim

taebreim cach ni nach lanreim.

est,

E. 24^39

chloind Laitin langeimligh

Fuair bas

llo

grene glain,

Cele Feniusa Farsaidh.

reim do fidh

i-

805

for fidh nt est

Sian

sleibi

s/Hata serind

Senshaili senim snechta snac

Slisiu slice

samad

saball

Snaithe snithe saland sacc.

Porbaid dno

is

finnarius

no

fut

Forbeoidh intan

forbid

is

forsail

-i-

sail fair

no

forsail

no dinin

dinin dishail

dishail

Forbaidh dno

-i-

-i-

fair

Forbaidh dno

nin.

do

is

forsail

diles

disein

-i-

do

forbaid
dul

817. 18

erned,

inles

-i-

f<;baid E.

uadh E.

ernin

is

''''

^'"'

-i-

for

-i-

disail,

for fut

^'^

for

ernid nin, no fair-

no

ruidhleas

for gair.

immorro

do

do da forbaid na

forbaid

wgwiaige

'*"'
*"'** E. om.
Belaid L.
seiscend T.
Sian sleibi slata seiscind L.
**"J
-i- aiceant E.
L. saland B. om.
^'^- '^ nemfuilledh, arnin E.
acht is E.
*'-'"
' disel
forbaigibh B.
L.

a taebrem E.

8-~

815

nemhfhuilHudh.

'*"'*

is

no dona huile forbaidibh 820

INdles
-i-

-i-

acht duir

sail

for [fhjidhbait a airbert

friu.

araiH

^ for an ainmnig L.
'"''
gloine T.
80 iy^ Texe, iii.
30
**''
Formarius T.
'^-'

di-fuilliud

do ernin a beith

radh
llocc

sech nin ni

-i-

bidh intan

Coitchend do dinin
dib

no

Forbaidh dno

fuilliudh, iarsanni fothaighes in focul for fut.

forbaidh intan

bunad onni 810

forin focul)

(-i-

Forbaid no forbeoidh no forbaid a inne.

cumair.

for

aiccentus lasin Laitneoir, a

-i-

ilghnuiseach

-i-

na nguth

..

THE PRIMER
nominative and

its

genitive

myself," for everything that

Three things

declension.
called

Declension out

declension
t

is it

together.

and

not

is

declension

full

is

is,

side

after vvhich reiin, declension is

ut est,fer, for

of,

Declension

declined.

it is

out of

it

that

nto, nt est,fir, for into

Declension out of and into together,

declined.

in fer,

est,

is

o sound

declension

Side declension in prose, that

sense as Fland, Flaind.

"

6i

nominative and

i.e.,

its

As

to m;//, too,

use

its

iit

accusative are there

its

cim, pace

is

Bellat

mother of envenomed Nl

Of the

children of fuU-fettered Latinus

Died on the bright day of the

sun,

Spouse of Fenius Farsaidh.

to wit, alHteration from letter to letter, nt est

Now

as to forbaid,

acccntns with the Latinist, from

i.e.,

the root of the word forniarius,

" (to wit,

upon

Accent, either
vivifies

that

is, it is

"
it

it

vivifies," or "

'xs

is

adding

after

to,

it is

thereon

n.

because
"

it is,"

e.,

when

Forbaid then,

Common

" it

is

when
;

them

to

go

it

It

ox forsail,

it

is

dinin disail,

or dinin disail, to wit^

Forbaidli, then, to

ernin, that

on wood,"

its

meaning.

upon

not adding.

"

" its

estabhshes the word as a

is, it

is its

gives n, or on

use

peculiar to

being on a long or on a short.

to dinin disail, or to

forbaid, accent, of them.

accent of

s but

it is

i.e.,

forsail : proper to ernin,

it

perfects "

n comes not

from that unadding,

wit, "

many-faced

perfects

it

forsail,\.\\?iX is, s is

Forbaidli, then,

long.

that

when

i.e.,

on the word) either on a long or on a short.

all

the accents to say

Inappropriate, however, for

in place of another,

i.e.,

for the

any
two

62

AURAICEPT

BB. 322a36

na taebomn

7 d'aenforbaid

no

ilair

or uath^i-^,

ilair

-i-

F..24|3 22

forbaidh ua.th.atd 7 forbaidh

no orhm'd

fuit

cumair

for

Alt onni as

^//?^i-

dino onni alteir ina

a airbert

825

-i-

-i-

uasal a bunad lasin Laitneoir

menmain

co feser cia halt aircetail hcra

fri

sechta

i[n]

Caite ruidhles 7 diles 7

co feser a airbert.

[alt L.]

-i-

sainemain.

prosta in re n-aimsire bis eter in da sJaX^aib a 830

anma

Alt in

alt

Alt co feser 'wimorro

a inne.

nath, inn anair, inn anamain, in laidh, in setrad, in

inni

no

gan a fuath do sgribeand.

indles

Ni ansa. Ruidhles -i- do aiste do

immorro do alt bairdne -i- do aiste.
Coitchend indles do fhoclaibh na proise -i- coitchend do cach
focul mbiat alta indles immorro do dialt, ar ni bi alt and. 835
Indsce a.7io \- s\c\icntia a bunad Laitne in descha; a

coitchend, indles alta?

alt filideachta

diles

inne
i-

scothecna a airbert

co feser in

si

is e in nath, is

no
i

don
i-

na hinsce

no

in se in aisti bra

in laid.

\\-\dsQA

Cate

7 banin^sci 7 deminsci.
indles,

insci, co feser in aisti urdalta

in

sechta amal roghabh

fri

anma

prosta

ferin^^sci

-i-

ruidles 7 diles 7 coitchend, 840

Ruidles don insci aicenta csemh

insci aicenta ecem

diles

coitchend indles don insci saerda

coitchend ara gnathugud, indles immorro ara aindilsi.

Btargaire dno onni is etargradimus -i- foruaslaigeach

-3

taobomnad

82-

gac/ia fuat B.

835

inde dono

L.

-i-

etargreim

ail fuit

d'hili

T.

immorro E.

*'*'

-i.

foruaisligtech (?) E.

P2,

no

B. om.

*-''

L,

*''

foc?<lB.: focul

ilair

na proise E.

*" scoitecda E.

indischoe L.

*^ acoeim

8 ceim E.
8^^

^^

do

indsci L.

urdala L.

indscni E.

::

THE PRIMER

63

of the vowels, and for the one accent of the

accents

consonants,

the accent of the singular [on the plural]

i.e.,

and the accent of plural on the singular, or the accent of a

long upon a short

or

not to write

inappropriate

its

form.

Alt from the word

to the Latinist
his

mind

i.e.jthat

meaning.

is its

the

is

i.e.,

Alt

name,

is

nurtured in

is

however,

What

are peculiar, proper,

Not hard.

is

its

use,

limb, of poetry appHes

As

meaning

its

alt?

of poetry

rt'//,

root according

to alt an annux, joint

space of time that

in prose, the

the two syllables

its

the anaii\ the anainaii, the

nath,

lidh^ the strad, the saineniain.

of the

noble,

co feser,

know what

thou mayest

seven, that

to

altus,

then, from that which

alt,

alt

between

is

co feser its

use.

common, and inappropriate

Peculiar, that

is,

to

metre of

(^//',

proper, however, to alt of bard poetry, that

Common, inappropriate to the words

common to each word in which there

of

limb,
is,

to metre.

of prose,

that

are alta^

is,

intervals

no

inappropriate, however, to a monosyllable, for

alt, joint,

Now

exists there.

indsce, gender, that

way,

in deschae, the right

use
i.e.,

or, indsce,

scientia,

is,

is its

meaning

that thou mayest

know

from a Latin root

:

word-wisdom

mayest know whether "she" or

that thou

its

the definite metre,

"

he

"

is

the metre that applies to seven, as for example the nath

is

"he," the /did

name, that
are

indsce,

"she."

Indsce, gender, of the prose

proper,

gender?

common,

Peculiar

to

and

to

artificial

gender,

i.e.,

inappropriate

natural

proper to natural unkindly gender

priate

What

masculine, feminine, and neuter.

is

peculiar,

is

of

gender

kindly

common, inappro-

common owing

being used, inappropriate, however, owing to

its

to

its

inappro-

priateness.

Now

etargaire, inflection, from the word intergi-adinius,

AURAICEPT

BB.322.45

64

etargnaghudh gotha a inne

ruidles 7 diles

E.24^34

Ruidles

coitchend 7 indles etargaire?

Cate 845

etardeliugud a airbert.

nderscughud,

do etargaire derscighthigi
Diles immcrro
in condelc.
i

do

air is

etarg^/r^

frecras

inchoisc

sloinniudh persainnisaindredaigi. Coitcoitchend 850

chend indles immorro donaetarg/n^ ar chena -idib na frecair
uird comairme indles immorro do neoch
persaind, uair

i[s]

in

condelg.

gne

Cest, in
7

masa

aicenta
fid

na

(col. /3)

chenel, cadet a gnee

fid

-i-

cailli.

Cest, in

Fid sarda

Ni ansa.

inn ogaim

emh

Is cenel

Et

inn ogaim, in gne no in cenel

fid

techtaid gne

gne no

techtaidh gne

-i-

in cenel

in

Is

fid aireagda, 7 forfidh, 7

-i-

cenel cenelach

in

insin

7 fid

aicenta immorro 855

fid

scerda

Is e

tsebomna.

fid

ecin, ar

cenel

in cenel in fidh

no

deach?

Is

gneach
cenel

secht ndeich na filideachta.

-i-

fid.

emh,

ar

Is e sin in

c[e]a//tar
cenel gneach baghabhat ocht n-ernaili

8G0

ngne na

filideachta.

Cest, in

da gne

-i-

gne no

rem

in cenel in

fiHdeacht 7 bairdne

-i-

Is cenel

-i-

techtaid

reim do fidh for fidh

865

tsebreim do fidh for fidh, ut est:

Coluim caid cumachtach

Taebreim immorro ut

7rl.

est

[Fh]laind at luam in gaiscidh grinn

Co Maistin maiU.
glan, at gaeth,

At

laech, a [Fhjlaind.

8^7

derscaigthi L.

*^

8-5T

feda, forfeda L.

"^

863

B. om.
techtaig L.
cf. Irish Meirics, p. 19

60

868-72

8V0

gart B. L.

garg do rind,

At

garg E. T.

is

*" an urd L.
sandradaigi L
bangabat, cacha dara gne L.

rc.
/''

xx. 146

Texte,

iii.

9>

Texte, 56

/'

4. 19

870

THE PRIMER
dominating

i.e.,

distinguishing

65

interpreting of voice

What

use.

its

is

common, and nappropriate

are

of etargaire?

in a person, since

it is

to

the ordinal

it

corresponds

the etargaire,

all

numbers

any of them that

however, to

Peculiar to

the denoting of a particular person.

and inappropriate, however, to

common

is,

Proper, however, to etargaire oi meaning

to comparison.

Common

proper,

peculiar,

etargaire of distinguishing in distinction, for

that

meaning

its

is

inappropriate,

do not correspond

to

comparison.

Query,

{?,

Jidh,

genus certain]y

wood, a species or a genus?

It is

and if it be a genus, what are its species ?

Not hard.
Artificial wood and natural wood, to wit,
artificial wood is the Ogham letter natural wood, however,
is wood of the forest.
And as to wood, letter, of the
;

Ogham,

is

sarily, for

cross

That
is

diphthongs

and

the genus generic and

side-woods,

specific,

verse-foot, a species or a

certainly,

a genus neces-

It is

has species, to wit, principal vvood, vowels;

wood,
is

^^rt^:,^,

feet

a species or a genus?

it

it

for

it

i.e.,

genus?

has species, to wit, the

That

of poetry.

is

consonants.

wood.

Query,

It is

a genus

seven

verse-

the specific genus which

eight sorts of each of the two

species

the

of poetry have

got.

Query,
i.e., it

is

re'ijn,

run, a species or a

genus?

genus,

has two species, to wit, potry and bard poetry,

ri)n, alliteration

of letter by

alliteration of letter

by

Columba,

letter,

letter,

and

est

///

pious, powerful, etc.

Taebreini, side alliteration, however, nt est

Fland, thou art the pilot of pleasant valour

Unto gentle Mullaghmast

Art pure, art wise, rough

Thou

is

i.e.

taebreini, side

thy point,

art a hero, Fland.

66

AURx^ICEPT

BB. 322/3 12

gne

Ceithri

reim suin

Reim

for prois o reim

7 ceiUi, 7

taebreim prosta

reim

ind, 7

reim ind ut

fear

est

fer

-i-

fir

reim suin

J ass malle

fir isin reimniugud

dualgus foghar

maille

ind a dualgus foghur uathaid

-i-

ind

iar

ceill

ceilli

no reim

ilair.

ind

ind

ass 880

immalle

ilair

iii

-i-

ndual?/^- fogur

ar

FdXraic,

-i-

reim ind 7 ass malle

Reim

inna dualus

S75

reim

-i-

reim ind 7 ass

reim ass ut estfer;

huathaid

ina

7 cheiUi

Tri gne ara togarar reim

fadein.

reim ind

[ind L.] teit 7 ass teit a lanreim ind

-i-

cheill, /

namma.

reim suin tantuin Vatxaic Fatrai'c:

-i-

ass, 7

reim suin cen

-i-

taebreim prosta, 7 reim suin

suin cen cheiU cetumus

Fland Flaind

i-

E. 24/352

ni

fil

Fland Flaind,

-i-

ar ita ind iar ceill 7 ita ass iar suin.

Is e sin in cenel

cenelach gneach

sund forsna secht remendaib

cenel ind forbaidh?

Is cenel, ar

fai

gne no

gne no

Cest, in

Is derb conid cenel 7 techtaid na

saincenel deochraides in doman.

in etargoiri?

gnee.

tri

e in cenel etardefriges

na

gnee

in cenel

indsce.

Cest, in cenel

no

in

cenel eim, uair dianairmidi a gnei.

Is

Is

Cest,

Int alt co feser 890

aicenta 7 alt co feser.

techtaid coic ngne 7 coic cenela.

indsci

tri

Is cenel ecin, ar itat tri

in cenel int alt?

alt sa;rda 7 alt

-i-

techtaidh

rochumadh 885
no in

gne

in

gnee na Gaedelge.

e sin in cenel for a tarrasa tri

in

cenelrt'ch

Cest,

JxX.

Is

gne
Iss

895

huili 7rl.

Cest, caide qssq in sechtu frisa tomsigt/^r in Goe[de]Ig

^"5

pat- pat- E.

**^"

cf.

* fogair uathaid L.

3751
lanreim ind

^*^^!

a dualus fogus E.

^^-

reim ass
ni fil ass iar sun
genelan rocumad E.
:

^^"^

'90

fje

^'^

isin gneech

syj

o-nee L.

E.

deochraiges E.

i-

me

fear

fir

ar ni

forsa tarasa L.

*""

no

*''*'

in

indi E.

L.

fil

*"-**

doine

gnee E.

fadein L.

ina dualus focus E.

7 ass

gneech E.

ndomun

toimister L.

L.
:

daine in domain E.

frisi

toimistear E.

THE PRIMER
Four speces

67

in prose arise out of reivi, flexion, reivi of

sound vvithout sense, and

reiin of

sound and sense, and

prose taebre7n,s\e flexion, and reini of sound only.

\ferfir: reini of sound

of sound vvithout sense

first

Flann Flainn

of sound

reini

and prose taedreim, side

by which

out of together
est,fir,

fer, the
its full

out

reijn

tanujn, Vatraic Patraic

flexion,

reim

rein is called,

i.e.,

into vvhich goes

Reim

respect to sounds
:

it is in,

reim

in,

nt

reim in and out

of,

in

and out of which comes

in, vvith

is,

and plural together

singular
or re7n

according to meaning
Flainn, for

man

reim in and

and out of together, that

in

regards meaning

Three species
of,

singularsounds and of plural

inflection in respect of

sounds.

out

nt est,fer,

of a man, in the declining

man,

myself.

in, 7-eini

of,

Reini

and sense,

Patraic, for there

in,

as

in,

not

is

in,

reim in and out of together, Flann,

according to meaning and

out

is

it

of,

according to sound.

That

is

the genus, generic and

formed here on the seven

forbaid, the accent, a species or a genus?

That

has three species.

species or a
species
alt

genus?

underlie

co feser.

The

Query,

genera.

It

to

it,

Query,

the genus in

is

found the three species of Gaelic.

which was

specifc

flexions, etc.

Query,

is

artificial alt,

alt co feser

has

five

natural

a genus and

a different genus that differentiates the world.

is

for

species

its

are

genus that differentiates among

Query, what
Gaelic

is

of letter,

is

first

that

Not
is

the

hard.

It

genus
is

the

things.

essence, of the

esse,

measured

innumerable.
all

five

Query,

genus or a species?

etargaire, inflection, a

>certainly,

and

a genus

It is

it

alt,

has the three genders.

clear that

is

three

and

species

indsce, gender, a species or

is

it

int alt
for

It is

it

inc

which were
is

a genus certainly,

vvit,

is

genus, for

seven by which

Esse, essence, feda,

fragment

of

cut

ofif

air

68

AURAICEPT

BB. 322^35

Ni

Esse feda cetamus

ansa.

in fid

-i-

'm

e. 25 a 7

blog aoir tebide gebhes

n-elluch focail, unde poeta dixit

Ee feda

fretede

is

Ferr duib a aicne occaib

900

In blog aeoir thepide

Techtas

Caite

essQ.

Ni ansa.

ceimniughud don

Ni ansa.

mete no

905

mad

alt aicenta.

fog7^r.

fri

fil

don

filid

sairda,

alt

no 910

Cate %sse insce?

f(9z>bthe fegthair isna tri cene-

Cate esse etargairi?

Ni ansa.

athfegadh

Int

no inde no incho[i]sc no edardeifrighi no

laiget

no

etardelighthi

fiUti

In torraach no in

In toe tengadh

for araili

litir

don sillaib for araili mad

Ni ansa. In foludh firen
laibh.

In bruudh

n-aimsire airighes ^Xcnedx comhshiniudh

Cate e5e alta?

a[c]

cona n-athghabail

Ni ansa.

ainmiudh n-uathaid co foxlaid

in

Caite e^^e fuirbhthe?

n-ilair.

digb^;//

otha

foil

dialt co bricht

remme?

Caide esse

fogurda forbriste

In Xm no inn uaite son n-

Ni ansa.

deich?

oe^congbalach airimther o
diblinaib.

n-elluch focail.

Dia

rodealbh

edarderscaigthe

eter 915

duilib.

Cate tomhus
bis

isiii

sechta

fri

rand (323)

Ni ansa.

In

tuisseach

fid

taebomna tuissecha do thabairt

ir^

ar aird, 7 co festar na feda bes isin taebchubaidh in raind,

7

gu robe

in fidh cetna bes isind

imrecru na tarmthort- 920

cheand, 7 gu rub inund a lin do thaebomnaib bes impu,

7 co festar cia deach dona ocht ndeachaib daroigh i n-aisti,
7 co festar in taebreim no in reim
897

bolgoir E.

900

aithne L.

903

son n-asn congbalalach L.

reme, fihi E.

905
908
909

88
:

melluch B.

n-eulluch L.

aichne E.

comsinead, focus L.
Caite oenaUa E.

comsuigudh

meidi, laghad L.

91

taoboim- B. isin dara huad E.

na da tarmorcend E.

fri

fid for fidh, 7

co festar

ssxj

esse, is freitigi L.

oi

bolg oir teipidhe E.

fretide E.

don athgagabail E.

904

airmit^r,

06

focurtha E.

fil

L. E.

focr E.
9i2

cf.

laigeat, etardeifrigihe E.

^i-*

920

do

Origg.

i.

28,

9i6

dainibh E.

^9

ina raind

^-^

cia

P2.

deech E.

THE PRIMER
which the vowel takes

69

composing a word, unde poeta

in

dixit

Esse /eda, essence of a vowel,

it is

to

be studied,

Better for you to have the kno\vledge of

The fragment cut off of air

Which it possesses in composing

What

esse of verse-foot

is

Not

it,

a word.

The whole

hard.

or

one of the individual self-sustaining sounds which are

reckoned from one to eight
is

esse reiine,

voiced, articulate

What

both included.

The

Not hard.

inflected,

change which obtains from the nom.

What

sing. to the abl. pl.

The

syllables,

essence of flection

esse o

\s

accent?

Not hard.
marks

increase or diminution of time which an accent

with a sound.

in co-extension

What is
The tongue
from one

esse

alta,

silence

letter to

essence of interval

which

another

one syllable to another

which

is

if it

if it

The

Not hard.

consideration of

in passing

be alt saorda, or from

just

seen in the three kinds.

Not hard.

on the poet

be alt aicenta.

The

Not hard.

of gender?

rests

What

is

and perfect essential

What
size,

is

csse

etargaire?

smallness, quality,

denotation, difference, variety or distinction which

among

hath fashioned

What
hard.
To
in the

is

measure

verse,

with

respect

it

in

the caesura

of consonants about

may

heptad

Not
is

and the leading consonants, and that the

the corresponding part of the

that

to

rhyme of the verse

be known, and that the same vowel

number

God

created things.

bring under notice the leading vowel that

vowels that stand

may

esse

may

endings, and

stand in
that

the

them may be the same, and

be known which of the eight verse-feet enters

into the metre,

and that

it

may

be known whether

side alHteration, or alliteration of letter

by

letter,

it

is

and that

AURAICEPT

BB. 323a6

70

25a28

E.

cia forbaidh bes for son ceneoil ind imfrecrai, 7 co festar

cia

haltdona seacht n-altaibh ind

Insce
-i-

fri

co feasar

-i-

co feser

nothomhsidhe

Do

Ni ansa.

gne

cia

Et

sechta.

in se

in

fo

in

aircetail

thomus

do

no taebchubhaid and.

ar ni bidh lancubaidh

oai\ forba anaile no-taispenta

romesadh

mbricht

and

is

Intan

Cate

secht n-alta.

is

don choiceadh 930

filed.
Cate

n-anail in

Ni ansa.

sechta in ochta ind Auraicepta?

i

Etargaire

aisti.

do gne

aircetail

filideachta. 925

intan ba roscadh na tomaiste and, cindas

ocA, uair is coic foCr/1

ndialta

in

si

na

-i-

oenchongbhalach dechongbalach treconngbalach

mnigther o trian

do

ruidhilsi

i'^i

in trian o

is

in

ocht
focul

Ai[n]-

.''

n-ainmnig- 935

ther nadat na da trian o n-ainmnighther iarcomarc.

Caitiat

na da taebomna gabhait greim gMthaige}

c 7 r ar essi

a,

ut est

Coluim

Im ba
Im ba

Caite tomus
n-uaite, a

neart
i-

met

Chrst

thi

forbad E.
aircetaib B.

^ laiget, a
Is
7

It e

cumung
ed a

cf.

secht n-alta L. ndialta B.

''3'

Cade

lin

a n-airdi

7 cuiger E.

ae,

conda-

deasdruim, tuath-

"^ ba(d) E.
''^

Origg.

''^''

on triun E.

937-42

p.

94

cf.
;

cona dheligtr E.

ogaim 945

coic aicmi

forin focul in imrecra E.

line

a n-ecumung, a

oen co a coic cach

iad L.
Translated in Ancient Ir. Poetry,

coiger L.

Co feisear a Uin

1687
notomhaisde, ni bad E.
^''-^

"*'

46

Ni ansa.

for focal in imfregraid L.

"^ na toimsidi L.

939-42

congebha hnd

co itacht ar lind long

coicfear cacha aicmi,

'-^

in

^ n-aimneart.

"^5

940

tresach, tuirme glonn,

deligitar a n-airdi.

Cille cecinit

sessach im ba seng,

fri fid
7

e_

ii.

18, 2

o,^

Zeitschr. x. p. 46, 9

THE PRIMER
it

may

71

be known what accent stands upon a word of the

corresponding

and which

sort,

trisyllabic poetry,

of poetry.

i.e.,

of the seven alta of

is

it

gender,

Insce,

e.,

that

mayest know vvhether the metre is he or she.

Etargaire, i.e., that thou mayest know what is the species
thou

it

measured

rhyme

in

it.

how was

or metricaLrh^thnfj-was-pFesent,

for there

Not

And

measure with respect to seven.

of poetry as regards

when dithyramb

*^^-

not couplet rhyme or caesura

is

By

hard.

".'*'

which was indicated by the

a word completing a breath

word, for

fifth

What

adjudged to be a breath of the poet.

Not

of the octave of the Anraicept ?

five

hard.

words are

is

a heptad

When

it

is

eight syllables in briclit that are present there are seven

What

alta, intervals.

more
named than
not

peculiar to

the word

is

and three syllables?

It is

one-third

the one-third from which

is

it

containing one, two,

named from

and
it is

are the two-thirds from which iarcoviarc

is

named.

What

are the two consonants that take the force of a

To

vowel?

wit

and r

after

a,

///

est,

Coluim

Cille

c:ecinit

Whether
Whether

Christ

When

What

it

whether

it

will

be

it

will

be warlike with numbers of deeds,

wilt

firm,

it

will

be yielding,

thou keep with us

wiU comc to fare on a sea of ships

measure with regard to fid, Ogham letter ?

Not hard. That thou majrest know their number and
their singleness, their size and their smallness, their
power and their want of power, their strength and their
weakness. This is their number flve Ogmic groups,
i.e., five men for each group, and one up to five for
is

each of them, that their signs

These are their signs

may

be distinguished.

right of stem, left of stem,

72

AURAICEPT

BB. 323^27

druim,

do lam dess reut

forfheda

i-

;//

cst

amlaid

Is

saltrad fora freim in croind ar tus

du lam

as trit

leis 7 is fris 7

imdruim.

tredruim,

leasdruim,

imdreangair crand

25a43

E.

Is iarsin is 950

cle fo deoid.

as immi.

It e

a ndeiligte feada

.>^4^Jffl-^ffl4-1tt1tXO

(^^*
Ni ansa,

Cest, cid ara n-ebertar feda fri suidiu ?

fobith domiter friu 7 co n-uaigiter condaib,

tit

dicitur luis

Cindas domiter frisna taebomna 955

Ni ansa.
Cach da thaebomna ar fld hi

ailme, beithi ailme.

amal fidu?

cubaid, cach da cobfld i cubaid

is ed is cubaid
iarum co robe an fld cetna beas isna foclaib in imfreccrai, 7 co rob inund a lin du taebomna beas intib, ;//
ceand 7 leand dorn 7 960
cst, bas 7 las
7 bras 7 &i*as
corn dond 7 cond,
Caite tomus fri fid ? -i- co fesser a lin 7 ^ n-uaiti -in-ainaicmi
a met
a lin a coic aicmib 7 a n-uaiti
7 a llaiget -i- a met hi coic flescaib 7 a llaiget
n-aenflescaib.
Caite deochair eter a cumang 7 a neart? 965
:

cumang cetamus

no o no

u.

primshuidhiugud

[A
i

nert

L.]
sillaib,

rogab

intan bithi

find.

immorro

intan

amal ata bais

deochair eter a n-egumang

Ecumang

gabaid guth a n-a;nur

Intan

(col. /3) fo

<j.)0

"''"'

y;>8

nihilus ina guthrt^''^

amal 970

Fir em, air ni thuicter na feda dedhencha

:

Is amlaid imdrengair ogum amal imdrengair crand E.

"'''
'^^^
lomut E.
as rut 7 ass imme E.
Origg. xix.
fontaib iii^ domiditer E.
a cubut E.
a llin do taebomnaib E.
gy rupeadh E.
"''*'

"''-'

'8

a llin L.

"""

bid fo inillius, na nguth- L.

"'^

C'aite

Ni ansa.

isna deghfoghraibh sin triana cantain fochetoir

''^-'^

dos-bere

7 lais.

n-ai;//nert

ni thucatar,

deidenaca E.

bas 7 las L. E.
bit fo nilnius ina

nguth- E.
""-

-i-

deorcaib E.

filet

aimnert

19, 4

THE PRIMER

73

Thus

atliwart of stem, througla stem, about stem.

is

tree climbed, to wit, treading on the root of the tree

with thy right hand first and thy left hand

after.
Then with the stem, and against it, and
through it, and about it. These are their various vowels
irst

and diphthongs,

nt cst

.>^J|:pf|HW- HtltXO <gii4^

why are those called woods, vowels? Not

Because they are measured by them and sewed

Query,
hard.

with them, ut dicitiir, la, ba. How are they, as vowels,

Every
Not hard.
measured with the consonants ?
two consonants for a vowel in rhyme, every two corresponding letters in rhyme that is rhyme, therefore,
that it should be the same vowel that stands in the
corresponding words, and that the number of consonants
that may stand in them shotild be the same, ut cst, bas
and las bras and gras ccand and lcand dorn and corn
dond and cond.
:

What

To

vvit,

is

measure with respect

that thou

singleness,

number

singleness in one group

.e.,

their size

single

in

power and

however, when a prime

such

between

their

Not

hard.

as

nullifying, as for
last

letters that

bais,

want

Want

letter?

is,

lais.

example

weakness, however.

a, o,

smaHness

their

in

their

or

and

in

between their
first

when

Their strength,

brings

What

power

of power

understood, through

their smallness,

Their power

position

of

stand

and

and

their

groups and their

the difference

is

they utter voice alone, that

syllable,

five

their size

strength

their

in

strokes

five

What

strokes.

Ogham

to Jid,

mayest know ther number and

their

i.e.,

is

them
the

their

into

difiference

weakness?

when the vowels are under

fi\p\nd.

True indeed,

these double sounds

being

pronounced

when they stand

in

for the

are
at

not

once

combinations

:
:

74

BB. 323/3

immorro

AURAICEPT

intan bit

Coic feadha
<TEnfleisc

comsuidigthib cutrumaib na defogair

amal ata

7 isna forfedaib

fer 7 b^.

aicmi

car//

co coic flescaib,

no dno gne

oen co a coic cach

7 is

Ecumang cetamus

^w'xaighe

n-aenshillaib

-i-

intan bite

nGaedhel, ut Briain,

lasin

Aimnert immorro

gliaidh, feoil, beoir, lasin nGcxdel.

975

no intan bite

fo nialus nt quoniaiu quideni lasin Laitneoir,

tri

ze

beithi a enur, nin a coicur

tit est,

Ni ansa.

elet^

E.25^4

in-

980

tan bite fo consonacht, ut seruus, uulgus lasin Laitneoir,

ut iarum cian 7 ceir

urba
ecosc)

Lesdruim

don

imdrengar

is

beithi

aicmi a:

isin

tairis

na

aic7//z

crand

do lamh chle

aicmi

diudh

foi

xmnion'o

immi

aicmi

-i-

fns cucut
aic;//z

amhlaid sin imdheilighter na fedha

Cid ara n-eparar fedha

taibomna.

Fobith domiter na taebomna

'''''

'^^

""'

cutrumait na defhoguir isna E.

7 (isna)

no

977-83
''*'

''*'

B. om. 7

fear 7

friu

cf.

fri

"^^

Gr. Lat.

gu
iv.

muine E.

"''-

crund, reout E.

"'''

"'^

friusaide E.

"'"^

isinn
-i-

ogam
aicmi

7 iarsin is

trit

na

\mniorro
Is

forfidh.

na forfeda

iia-

Ni ansa.

saidhiu?

104, 16

v.

viii.

189,

coic gacha hae E.

367, i8j 19

conda-deligther L.

Amnert B.

cona-deiligetar E.
'"^

caindeidfriges anaraduite a n-airde E.

m B.

amlaid 990

cainuaighter na ocail

Gr. Lat.

co coic L.

9-8.81

con tur uath L.

89.94

Is

bean L.

gacha haicmi E.

flesca

E. om.

985

ed aicmi ailmi

forfidh.

do lamh dess reut

-i-

les uait 7

-i-

no leatarsna darin
is

amhlaidh eimh ceimnighthir

amal cemnigther
leis 7 is fris

Tredruim,

andiu 7 anall

-i-

cucut,

fris]

[7

aicmi muine
-i-

n-airde

ed aicmi beithi

atuaidh din druim bzV aicw^ uatha

leith

leas uait

-i-

his

Imdruim

-i-

is

n-

tria

(-i-

It

bethi do deas in droma,

-i-

Tuaithdruim

druim

a n-aradu.

caindeifriges

is

-i-

Deasdruim

n-airde

tria

1x\.

taebhomna co nd-

intib etir fedha 7

Conda-delighetar

uath.

nGaedhel

7 uull 7 aball lasin

Lanchumang dano

tara hinwdruim E.

"^ assiu 7 anall L.

aindiu (no all) 7 anall E.
""^ tridruim aicw" a E.
fa deoid E.
fo deoid L.
:

caenfuaigter L.

domidigtr, cainfuaigt^ E.

995

THE PRIMER
equivalent

diphthongs such as fer and

each of them, that

for

strokes, ut

Not

under

they stand
Latinist,

b one

est,

another kind

and there

onIy,

of

quoniani qiiideni with the

vowels

three

one svllable

stand in

with the Gael, as Briain, of Brian, gliaid, a

flesh,

beer with

beoir,

when they

iaruni,

and

{ubull), apple,

therefore,

cian,

far,

with the exception of h.

So that they are

through their signs,

through their

wit, clear]y

signs
that

do

i.e.,

conditions

their

Right of stem, that

is

the b group

of the stem, which

athwart

is

a group

the

is

the

is

h group

m group
that

the diphthongs group.

it

is

even thus

graduated
that

group h

group m,
towards

and

to

consonants.

Because

the

that

athwart

the

Why

is

it

in

Ogham

thy right

left
is

climbed, to wit,

is

the

hand

athwart

as

hand

it

and

however,

is

group

the

are those
are

diphthongs,

called

vowels?

measured

is

first,

that

after,

the diphthong group.

consonants

to wit,

is,

against,

from thee, and against

is

vowels,

side

Through stem, that is the

on this side and on that,

wit,

it

Through,

however, and about

distinguished

to

left

to thee, or half athwart

thus

and, thy

after

u'it,

thee.

is

It is

tree,
:

is

their

of the ridge,

Athwart of stem,

graduated

is

the

in

group

is,

it

right

to

Left of stem, to wit, to the

About stem,

is,

distiriguished

appearance, to

These are

differ.

from thee, and against

the stem, which

wax,

ceir,

;/////

them, both vowels and consonants,

in

is

the

uulgus with

with the Gael.

aball, appletree,

Full power, too,

fight, feoil,

Weakness, however,

the Gael.

are consonised, ut seruus,

ut

Latinist,

five

them or again
power first when

of

five

Want

hard.

one up to

is

one stroke up to

is,

nullity, ut

when

or

Ogham

the

in

ben.

Five letters for each group

five

and

diphthongs,

the

to

75

is

over,

Thus are
and
Not

against

the
hard.

them,

76

AURAICEPT

BB. 323/3 26

dibh, nt est luis ailme, beithe ailme

sealbhadh saerdha cen reim acht

h.mal ia.rsLhker

20

Is e sin in

la, Iba.

-i-

/3

reini

remraite^

nama

ica breith

Ni ansa. 1000
fri

sechtu

tsebhomna bhis and, cach da trebomna

in

ia.rait/ier

si'e

fidh aire[gh]dha

E. 25

ar

fidh, nt dicitir

Marcach atchonnac anne,

Etach uaime co ndath

dath

Uan

Deda

las

degheanach.

n-airchetail [ata L.],

inand ta;bomna 1010

intib, 7 is

fil

amal

ndeliugud

co

comardadh

inand fidh aireghdha

air is

da o

aentugud

iar

is

1005

cro,

gilithear geis,

tuinni dath a

and

airegar

ata bas 7

is

taebomna taiseach -i- el.

Cindas toimsiter na taebomna imna fedaibh ? Ni ansa.
Cach da tebomna dib imon fidh. Is e in comfhot coir (-iSain iminorro

lancubaid insin),

tit est,

bas

in

Is e sin

7 las.

co n-inannus, 7 int sentugud cen inannus

ardugud

n-airchetail ata, uair

intibh, 7

is

sentughud

int
7

iar

is

comh- 1015

inund fidh aireghdha

is

comlin do thaebomnaib;

is

ed

b.

fil

choir n-

airchetail.

Conagar dno

isin aip[g]itir

a tredhe, 7 a

7 a cor

dhluthadh

fri

cuict[h]i,

bunad o

fri

int a;n

thuas

-i-

''

ni-

loos

am- B. L.

line

cf.

in

1*^'

3945

in

in

sesedh Ferchertne

anma

L.

1001-11

^"i'

. om.

edach imbe L.
! c 7 r i n-aigid a
Taebcubaid bras 7
bas 7 las 7 lancubaid insin.
i"'-'
^oi'i
in comad coir L.
in comfat E.
tomaistr, taebomnai E.
L.
Arch. C. P.

i.

i'^^

481

atchondarc ane L.

^^''>

las 7rl

Is e

dedha -i- mac Etheoir

ceathramadh Cas in coiced

Fenius Farrsaidh

in
in tres mac Aingen
Amargen mac Naende mic Nenuail

1004-7

o deda,

ochta, a incosc a nsde, a asdadh a ndeich///^.

riagail

fris

aen, 7 airic

comhuaim fri ceathardu, 7 a com- 1020

a moradh a seda, a fogail a sechta, a

is

1019-27

ar

comardad L.

E. om.

1**^

a fasdad L.

i"'"
i'^-^

is

coir a n-aircetal E.

Aingin T.

1025

THE PRIMER

77

woven out of them, Jit est 1 a,

That is the artificial possessive
b a, to wit, la, ba.
without rhyme save rhyme of vowels only. Not hard
and the words are

As

[2nd Ans.].
refer

it

fairly

a principal vowel

only

required

is

to

to seven, so the consonants that exist are required,

every two consonants for a vowel, ut dicitur

I saw yesterday,
him
Round
a cloak with hue of blood,
White as a swan his colour is,
Foam of wave his two ears' hue.

Two

rider

things are found there

and

difference, as bas

spondence of

wit,

[and

How

b].

the vowels measured

according to the corre-

the

hard.

consonants

rhyme, ut

to

wit, that

That

is

the unity wth identity, and

without identity

and

perfect

is

is

it

esf,

that

the

is

bas,

unity

according to poetic corre-

them

in

an equal number of consonants

proper
arrangement of trisyllabic

the same, and there

and

about

the

spondence, for the principal vowel that stands

is

final

Each two cansonants

That is the proper

proportion,
las.

vowel that

an identical

is

the initial consonant,

is

are

Not

it

them are about the vowel.

of

combined with

identity

is

the same, and

is

Different, however,

consonant.
to

it

trisyllabic poetry, for the principal

them

stands in

and

las,

is

poetry.

Now
and

its

in the

alphabet there

invention from two,

mation with

four,

amplifying from
eight, its

The one

demonstration
is

fifth

its

its

required origin from one,

placing

by

three, its confir-

binding together with

six, its division

from seven,

in nine, its

the third

Amirgen son

of

its

five, its

rule with

establishment in ten.

above, to wit, Fenius Farsaidh

Etheoir with him

the

and

is

Mac Aingin
Naende son

the two,

Mac

the fourth Cae

of Nenual

the

^'"^'(Af'-f*^^

^^
^fac-.

78

BB. 323

/3

AURAICEPT

47

sechtmad a dalta

in

a dhalta; in

27

don

Locc

hUa

/3

ochtmad Ceandfaslad in nomad

dechmad a asdadh n-sen -i- in trefocal.
int

seo a thosach iu

Is

nGlungeal.

E. 25

Uraiceapta

[i]ar nAmairgein
Tochur Inbhir Moir i

libur-sa

Miled.

Et aimser do aimsear 1030

Amairgein Glungm/ mac
Tucaid a denma mzc Miled dia tothlugtid fair

amal ata

'nar ndiaidh;

crich

nEnechglais Cualand

mac Miled

Perso do

(324).

Ca arranic a mberla-sa 7 cia airm

aimser

n-arnecht

oc tur Nemrua[i]d

Ni ansa.

n-arneacht 7

cissi

Arranic Fenius Farrsaidh 1035

cind dech mblia</ iar scailiudh on

tur for cach leath, 7

dochum

cach comberlaid dochuaidh and

is

a crichi 7 ni cach comcheniu[i]i amal rogab Cai

Cainbreathach, dalta Feniusa Farr[s]aidh, in dara descipul

Ba do Ebraibh

sechtinogat na scoili.

Ocus

Eigipt rofuidhedh.
tur, 7 is

is

a bhunadhus 7 co 1040

and roan Fenius

fodliesin

ocon

and roaitreabh, conid andsin conaitchetar chuice

do theipu doib asna hilberlaibh tucsat

muich conna beith oc ndich [a]iliu a mberla sain acht

in scol berla tobaidi

leo di

occaib-seomh a n-aenur, no
dorisi.

Is

ic

neoch no-foglaindfedh

leithiu 1045

andsain dorepedh a mbelra asna hilberlaibh, 7

f?;ta a mbelra-

rotaiselbad do aenfir dib, conid a ainm-se;z

Ba he

sa.
J^Ji/V

*^

in

hisin

fer

Gaed// de-side o Gaedel

-i-

Goedel mac Angein, conid

mac Angin mic Glunfind mic

Laimfhindh mic Agnumain do Gregaibh.

Gadel mac Aimergin

i'^-'^

fasdad, int aen L.

i-!

Indbir L.

1030
lo-'i"-

i0o5

1012

mac Etheoir

^^^

Origg.

ii.

i6,

iar

Inan[d] tra 1050

da ainm

-i-

n-Amairgin L.

F.M. aiino 3501 A.D. 915, 1154, 1170 Onomast [641] O'D.Gr.
lo-'^-s^
Written as text in L.
tothlugad L. do 3ichi fair E.
^"'^ hEigepta, bodesin L.
comcenel E.
i nd-ernacht E.
:

'^'^'''^

^"^'

conna decatar E.

^"^ cona robeth E.

10^3

7 Gaedel

no-foglaimed L.

oc nech ele

am

theibi L.

berla sin L.
^""^

oc neach aile in E.

doridisi E.

Iv.

THE PRIMER
Ferchertne

sixth

Ceandfaelad

ment

the

seventh

pupil

his

the ninth his pupil

79
the eighth

the tenth

its

establish-

in one, to vvit, the Trefocal.

This

Amairgen
Inbir

Moir

And

its

Primer according to

the beginning of the

is

Place

Whiteknee.

of

Hy

the territory of

in

period

the

period

Enechglais Cualann

the

of

Tochur

book,

this

sons

of

Milesius

Amairgen White-Knee, son of Milesius.

making it that the sons of Milesius
of him as is after us.
Who invented this speech, and in what place was
Not hard.
it invented, and at what time was it invented ?
it
the
Tower
at
of Nimrod
Fenius Farsaidh invented
the person of

The reason
demanded it

at

the end

it

for

of ten years after the dispersion in every

direction from the Tower,

the

same language

was every one speaking

it

that went there unto

same

not every one of the

territory

its

and

stock, as e.g., Cai Cainbreathach,

Fenius Farsaidh, one of the 72 scholars of

of

pupil

and

He was
And

the school.

sent to Egvpt.

Hebrew by

and he was

origin

there Fenius himself remained, at

the Tower, and there he dwelt so that there the school

asked
out

of

him

to

select

with them from abroad

be

in

them

for

select

language

that that speech might

so

not

the possession of anyone else but of themselves

alone, or of

anyone who should learn

Then was

selected

languages, and
so

many languages which they had brought

the

of

that

it

is

it

his

their

language

was attributed
narne which

to

is

it

with them again.

out of

one

upon

the

man
this

of

many
them

language.

That man was Gaedel, son of Angen, so that Gaedil,

Gaels, is derived from him, from Gaedel son of Angen
son

of

Whiteknee son

Agrtumon.
as

Gaedel

Now
son

of

Whitehand

son

Gaedel son of Aimergen

of

Ether,

to

wit,

his

is

of

the

father

Greek

same
bore

80

AURAICEPT

BB.324a20

robadar fora athair

doriaghladh
berla 7 a

\n

mberla-sa.

leithiu 7 a

nba

Goed//<;;

Aingin

-i-

cach son

Etheoir.

mba

mba

E. 25

is

airnecht

do na

iarum do cach

chena arrichta

ed darepedh isinn
cairechtaire

c^ritch.iaire

aipgitribh

aiHbh

doibh

beithi-luis-nin in ogaim, ut est:

isin

ol

43

and iaramh

Is

fearr

caemu,

/3

>

isna 1055

leosumh

Kg^'^^

Rolatha iarumh a fedha for leith 7 a taebomna dno

Ni fail
{sic).
for leith, co fil cach ae dibh fo leth o 'rlaile
namma. 1060
\Qd.thgutai amal na fail la Grego acht na muite

do na rabha ainmniugud isna berlaib

est
airichta ainmnighthi doibh (isin Gxilg), ut

Cach

duil

ailib

grus

7 cloch 7 linn.

Atconnac

in

lis

Seach a teged

1065

glas,

Inarb imda a grus

Gen gurb imda

nba

ferr 7 a

nba

as.

nba caimiu cach

leithiu 7 a

berla,

is

radh
ed dora[ta]d aco isinn Gedelg -i- nba socair caimiu fri
muiti oca and inat leathgutta 1070
i- socarcaine leosum gutta 7
i

muiti 7 guttai amal atat icon l^di\t.neoir.

Ferr i ceill leosum -i- a v fri fat 7 a v fri gair, 7 a v fri buga
deghfogur, anda a
a V fri cruas, 7 a v fri lanfogur 7 a v fri

haen-choicfothibhuiHamalataicon Laitneoir7 is ed asbV

Gabaidh a chuic guiaige-wm an greim sin 1075
in Laitneoir
:

omnes

uiH, utestLatine he
i.

itat

uocales produci 7 corripi pos\_s'\unt

na huili gyA\\aige Laitinda

7 co timaircetT.

10.-/2

Js -ixlaid L.

1054

cainiu E.

1056

Leithiu

^"''

co caimnachtar co regdar

-i-

Hitrib

-i-

ar ni

roriddlad in berlasa doib, an ba E.

do na airnechtair L. donernaclit E.

"'"

Goidelg E.

arriachta E.

^""'

lethguthaige,

1062

gruis E.

^**''

cainiu E.

1070

leosum fri rad guta amal ataat L.

io76 Qr. Lat.
^O'^ futhaib L.
defogur L.

10V3
1077

co regthar

a fhregra sin

fil

co timairgtir L.

fuil
^^'^

L.

^"^^

ainmnigt/z E.

socharcaimiu L.
^""'^

iv.

socharcanfu E.

leosura

367, 20

ragdar, timairct/- E.

ailm E.

.i-

hee E.

'""

^-

hae

Hethet E.

THE PRIMER
two names, Aingen and Ether.

It

8i

was there accordingly

What

that this language vvas regulated.

vvas best accord-

ingly of every language and what was widest and finest

was selected

for Gaelic

and

no characters were found

Luis Nin of the Ogham,

Therefore

vovvels

its

iit

other

the

all

them found

characters were by

every sound for which

for

in

for these

alphabets,

Beithe

in

the

its

consonants

est

were placed apart and

them stands apart from

Semivowels do not exist, as they do not exist

also apart, so that every one of

the other.

For every element,

with the Greeks, but only the mutes.

for

which there was no name

were found

names

in the other languages,

in Gaelic, ut est,grus^

curds;

cloch^

stone

and

linn, pool.

beheld the

lis

Past which would come a stream,

In which

its

curds were

Though milk was

What was

best, widest,

by them

Avas put

many

not abundant.

and

finest of

into Gaelic, to wit,

every language

what was easier and

pleasanter to say, to wit, they thought having vowels and

mutes
and

in

it

easier

and pleasanter than semi-vowels, mutes,

vovvels as the Latinist has.

Better in reason with them, to wit, five of

long and

five

sounds and
five for a

them

as

of

them

five for

for a short,

and

a hard, and five for a

diphthong than the one

it

Latinist says

is
:

with the

His

five

Latinist,

five vovvels all

five

and

them

for a

of them for soft

full

sound and

underlying
this

take that

is

all

of

what the

effect,

/ ^j/

LatincB vocales ovines et produci et corripi possunt, that

is,

all

the Latin vowels are such that they can be lengthened or

shortened. Broader in letters, to wit, for there is nothing

82

lasin Laitneoir

fil

Laitneoir

grus

nGoedel

nGaedel

carrach lasin nGaedel.

(col.

Laitneoir,

lasin nGaedel, ni fhil

in Laitneoir.

Is

in

Ilitrib

ed

Gaed^/(f, ni
ic

uathadh foc/

asin

amal asbert
reruni periit

ailcne

aband

frecra
i

lasin nGaedel

nGaedel

lasin

lasin

leithe

fil

ciallaibh

na

sluin;?

raet,

tic

icon Laitneoir.
:

Nisi

linn,

Laitneoir.

anda

Hitribh desin

Laitneoir cid leithiu

in Laitneoir fein

ar

foclaib 1095

bet

cia
in

Ni

chiall
fir

on,

sciris nonien, cognitio

atbail int aichnius inna raet

-i-

oi^n

lasin Laitneoir, usce 1090

foclaibh 7

asb^z'r in

ilanmann icon Gaedel

relait

sel)

aqua

achlinn

petra^

cenela cloch do na fuilet

sin

aninis lasin Laitneoir,

lasin

Leithiu xdiu in Gaedel

nGaedel

sropula lasin Laitneoir,

Cloch (no

iat

Laitneoir

icon

lasin nGaedel

immorro,

is

/3),

freacarthaich

piscina

a fregarthack-side lasin 1085.

fil

lasin Laitneoir, ail lasin i^Gaedel

immorro

a fregra sin lasin

lasin Laitneoir, gruth

lapis lasin Laitneoir, cloch lasin

1080

gahnalani lasin Laitneoir, gruthrar// lasin

grus lasin nGaedel, ni

Laitneoir

tanach

leithi

dia ix&cx^ galmariuvi lasin Laitneoir faiscre

lasin nGsedel

-i-

fil

galmula

lethe

-i-

a frecra lasin Laitneoir

oclaid { grus J cloch 7 lind, ni

lasin

E.25/3y

leithiu a ciallaibh 7 foclaib 7 Htrib

^ jjj^u ^^^ Ni

a litribh
i

AURAICEPT

BB. 324^42

meni aichnigther 1100

int ainm.
Is

nlair

seo a thossach in libhair-sea iar Fenius 7 i^r

mac Nema

persainn

is

7 iar
i

Israel uili a hEigipht.

co

mbad

mmaigh

nGaedel

mac

a aimser
I

-i-

nDacia

Sennair.

Ethiuir.

Is iat sin

aimser tancatar

m/t-

arricht ci asberatar

Tucait a scribind

alii

-i-

tanach galmula lasin Laitneoir (jiacaf) with pimcia del : o

i8i
lo.^
gruth T.
^^/^^^ g
^'^^
galmath, gruthran E. gruthrach T.
jjQ galgalam T.
lapis^ lia E.
'^^^'^
^"^* carracc E.
stropula L.
Origg. xvi. 3, 5
ail 7 ond L.
'^^^
1** piscina, iasc E.
in Gaedelg L. E. ina L.
ana E.
i^a^
1096 gebethalaninand E.
^""s
gluind L.
relait E.
1099 Origg. i.
sciueris
E.
nomen
om.
I
L.
7,
""*' nil prodit with (s) over d E.
^^^'^
aichniged L.
iar nEr E.
i'"''
110-'
persanda E. tancatar L. om.
asberait L.
asberat E.

lOT'j

ciallaib

grus
B.

i'

1084

1105

";

THE PRIMER
the

Latinist
respect

in

broader in

has

of

correspond

to

meanings,

letters

to correspond with

it

curds

/z'nd,

c/oc/i,

stone

to correspond with those

with

and

words,

^ /^^^^^

The

83
that

broader

to

letters,

wit,

Latinist has nothing

broader in words, to wit, gn/s,

pool, the Latinist has

curd, that

nothing

is a cheese
ga/mu/a
with the Latinist, curds with the Gael to correspond with
the Latinist's ga/marium is the Gael's cheese ga/ma/am
with the Latinist, grutJiracIi with the Gael
" stirabout
;

with the Gael, there

is

nothing answering to that with the

Latinist /apis with the Latinist, stone with the Gael petra
with the Latinist, rock with the Gael scopu/us with the
Latinist, sharp pebble with the Gael. ,C/ocJi,onn,2.nai/cne,
:

however, these are kinds of stones to which the Latinist has

nothing correspondng aqua with the Latinist, water with
:

the Gael; amnis with the Latinist, river with the Gael
piscina with the Latinist, fish-pool with the Gael to the
Gael's pool, however, the Latinist has nothing correspond;

ing.

Hence

then, the Gael

than the Latinist.

What

is

wider

in

words and

the Latinist says

letters

that though

is

GaebV is wider in words and letters, it is not wider in

meanings; for though the Gael has many names in
denoting the things, the relative meaning emerges out
of the paucity of words which the Latinist does
have.
That is not true, as the Latinist himself says Nisi scieris
:

nomen, cognitio rerum periit,

things perishes, unless the

This

i.e.,

name

is

the knowIedge of the

known.

the beginning of this book according to Fenius,

and according to lar mac Nema, and Gael son of Ether.
These are its persons and this is its period, to wit,
is

when

all

Dacia

it

the children of Israel

came out of Egypt.

was invented, though others say

plain of Shinar.

The reason

for writing

it
it,

was

In

in the

because

it

OlJL

"

'

'

84

AURAICEPT

BB. 324i3i5

thotlugz//

do

mhoir co Fenius

scoil

mac nEitheoir

thepe

.26^17

go Goedt'/
nUraicept iarna

7 co lar 7

doibh inna

idnacul do Maissi 7 iar foglaim do

Chae Cainbreathach

occa; conad iarsin arriachta n[a] aip[g]itri a n-aentabaill, 1110

amal

ashet'r

Cat

iat aib[g]itri

aicceacht dano icht aicce

in
i-

descipz/1 icon

cen cheass

na

-i-

no aiccept

aidi:

chucut neach nac/^

Aur cach

7rl.

gnim), air

(-i-

agut

iss

acceptus

-i-

na nd-egeas

toisseach
n-aicci

airite;/

na

-i-

h/s

rdae)

fileadh.

Se primthaisigh

^
III5

Eper mac Saile

7 Gregus mac Gomer otait Greic, 7 Laitin mac Puin
otait Laitinda, Riabad Scot mac Gomer, 7 Nemruadh mac
Cuis, 7 Fenius

lasi

Nin mic

bliadhna deac ar

Nin mic Bel co deredh

-i-

bliadain

do

Bel, a

fichtib ar

tri

in tor

Da

Farrsaidh.

in tuir co flaithius

Is re linn

ndernad

secht

cetaib

Puin

conad

ceitJiir

1120

in

domain.

secht mbliadna

bliadna

tri

o fhlaithius

Tutaines righ

flaithiusa

rotoghladh in Trae fo dheoidh

ingen Laitin mic

coecat o scailed

coecat [a] righi

cetJiorchat

ar noi cetaibh o scaileadh in tuir co tuc .^neas Lauina 7 1125

Laitin fen oxoine a caingen fris.
Is follus as sin co nach
lucht

certtiaghait

in

caiteat

Cest,

ainmniugud

e Laidin in

in tuir.

na

Aipgitre

charechtair?

mbad

Uraicepta-sa co

sechtmadh primthuiseach

Ni

tri

primberla

ansa,

em.

eter

Aipgitir 1130

Ebraidi cetamus.

"0" thothlugud E.
ii<'9

iar-fodl- B.

^"2 icht

(i.

Qom&

'ios

B.

iarna foglaim L.

gnim) E.

air is aicci

j^

Uaraicepta L. E.

"^' aur L.

E.

Cor. Tr.

aur- B,

14.

1113

accepta ! acceptus E. airigthi L. : airite E.

11" na n-egeas 'i- nanai L.: na n-eices 'i' nanas cen cess

cess in becc

(!

1116-28
1122 Origg. viii.
ainces in mor) E.
_ Qf^,
ix, 2, 134, 135
11, 23
^i^ d'ingin L.
i'^ conad bad B.
co mad he L.
ii^ cateatt aibgidri na tri primberlad ainmnigt^j
1^*^ chairechtaire L.
7 E.
;

THE PRIMER

85

was by the great school requested of Fenius, lar, and

Gaedel son of Ether that t should be selected for
them as their Primer after it had been given by Moses
and learned with him by Cae Cainbreathach so that
;

were invented on one

after that the alphabets

he says

What

beginning
i.e.,

a deed, for

fosterer

are the

it is

Anr

alphabets, etc.

also aicce-acht, lesson,

is

to wit, unto thee of

is

is

every

icht aicce, child nurture,

in nurture that the disciple

or aiccept that

table, as

acceptus^ that

is,

is

with his

of acceptance,

something that thou hast not

nd-egeas, of the sages, of the

men without

na

doubt, to wit,

whom

Tower was made, to

wit, Eber Mac Saile, Grecus Mac Gomer whence are the
Greeks, and Latinus son of Faunus whence are the Latins,
Riabad Scot son of Gomer, Nimrod son of Cush, and
Six principal chiefs by

Fenius Farsaidh.

Tower

of fifty-two.

till

the

Fifty-two years from the dispersion of

the reign of Nin son of Bel with his reign

Seven hundred and seventy-four years from

the reign of Nin son of Bel to the end of the reign of

Tothmes king of the world

whose time Troy was at

Seven years old was the daughter of
Latinus son of Faunus so that there are nine hundred
and forty-three years from the dispersion of the Tower
length

in

sacked.

till

?C>?y^t
"-

the poets.

the

M^ K

/Eneas married Lavinia, and Latinus himself made his

covenant with him.

From

that

it

is

evident that the

people of this Primer do not advance accurately, that

Latinus was one of the seven chief rulers of the Tower.

Query, what are the alphabets of the three principal

name and character ? Not hard indeed.

The alphabet of the Hebrews flrst, that is, Aleph
Hebraeorum.

languages, both

865

BB. 324^35

THE PRIMER

87

Aleph of the Hebrews, Alpha of the Greeks and

the Latins.

"3,

n
b

=
O

m
n
o
P
q

D
V

T
T

V'

X
s
1

n
(Sampi) 900,

c
vvoL^aiou

of

88

BB. 324

beith^ air

ba

isin scoil

ogaim

is airi

deoidh

fo

is

dib /

huaislz/

ainmnighthea

araili

n-anmand

it

for

sen

dedenach

-i-

fichit

1135

for- (325) ta in

,.1

leith

IHI

^l

ann

HIBX

it

e indso

j^^e

secht

z^Wo

T)1|l Tn

filet

thuas

ran-

ogaim, 1140

inn

aoue

HnX

frisna

suidhibh

aireghdha

fedha

feda airegda

> t inTl

do

huaish'u

deicJi

doformagat

tri

in

Bai coiciur ar

n-anmand

e a

Laitinda 7

tsebomna

seacht
.

rolaithi

oiri

Asberat

na
.

conadh

ba

morshesser

bai

certiu in

is

arricht.

it

beithi-luis-nin eter fedha 7

Grecda

aipgitir Ebraidi 7

-i-

beithi-luis-nin in
in

E.26a24

cetna tra Fenius Farsaidh arainig inna ceithri

Is e in fer

aipgitri-sea

AURAICEPT

37

(3

^t

'lJll^ii-ffi.

conid aire sin rolatha a fedha 7 a taebomna for leith 1145

7

it

n-anmand soin fordotait iarumh.

immorro araile co nach o dhainibh

e a

Asberat

\^NJ^

itz>

ainmnighter fedha inn n-ogaim isin Gedhelg acht o

chrandaibh gen gu haichinter anniu araile crand dibh.
Air atat ceit/iri hernaile for crandaib -i- airig:h fedha 7 1150
athaig fedha 7 lossa fedha 7 fodhla fedha

a ceathrur ainmnighter fedha in oghaim.

quideiii

Athaig

-i-

dur, coll, cuileand,

fedha

certhand.

-i-

fern,

11*^

in aipgidir E.

"'^

huaisliu, fotha E.

""

"^

doformagat
E_ Qi^

1147-97

"5"

airidh B.

bethi, lemh,

sail,

-i-

oguim L. E.

114I

^^'^

ggj,

gy

jair L.

sce,

crithach,

draighen, trom, feorus, 1155

certidi L.

rolaiti hi for leith L.

^'^ foratait L.

sin, fuas E.

uaithibh sin

Airigh fedha

abhull, uindsiu, ibur, gius.

Fodla fedha andso

^^'^

is

int

j,^j aithnig

ibur B.

"" bae E.

roforletha E.

anmand-somh
T.

fordorca E.

pat aichinti H.

THE PRIMER
Novv Fenus Farsadh

same man

the

89
that dscovered

these four alphabets, to wit, the Hebrevv, Greek, and Latin

Nin of the Ogham, and it

the Beithe is more exact

alphabets, and the Beithe Luis

is

for this

because

it

reason the

last, to wit,

that

And

and consonants

vvere in the school

among them, and

noblest

vvere

:'

among

there vvere seven that vvere most noble

from vvhom the seven principal vovvels of the

have been named, so

reason they have been

that

for

Others say that ten principal vovvels stand in

names

these are their

<>

are

L.^^^i'^^ iiu ii

their

vovvels

and these are

vvit,

Ogham

to

the

increase

*4^I1!1;1L-P1_

)^ aaee

those

on

so

account

that

and

consonants

their

names which are thus upon them.

Others, however, say that

the

and

X0r^||c C

the three that

above seven, to

it

> lT)iTlt111l11l
these

these,

Ogham

U e
1 ee[d^oo
> miT]iin nnix -^

placed apart

And

these

upon the Beithe Luis Nin both

are their names, vvhich are

vovvels

There

vvas discovered last.

tvventy-five

vovvels are

have

it is

named

been

not from

apart,

set

men

at all that

from

in Gaelic but

trees,

though some of these trees are not knovvn to-day.

there are

four

classes

of trees, to

these four that the

Ogham

chieftain

vvit,

peasant trees, herb trees, and shrub trees

and

vowels are named.

it

trees,

to

wit,

alder,

thorn, aspen, mountain-ash.

willovv,

birch,

The shrub

trees,

from

Chieftain

trees, qiiidem^ to vvit, oak, hazel, holIy, apple, ash,

Peasant

is

For

yew,

fir.

elm, vvhitc-

trees here, to

vvit,

90

AURAICEPT

BB. 325 a 18

crand

Lossa fedha

fedlend, fidhat, fi;?ncholl.

fir,

fraech, gilcach, raid, lecla

luachair

-i-

beithe rohainmnigheadh ar cosmaillius

cois in bheithe

dicitur

^i

Feocos oltchain
7

fri

aitean,

-i-

Beithe dno on

/rl.

sin is

airi

is

-i-

uait

tu a ccimt L. om^.

m'si eain
Is aire sin

beithi a tosach ^v^gitre in ogaim.

rohainmniged

o cairtheand

-i-

custodi^e^ris

beos scrbthar

Luis dno,

uair luis

shenGaedelg ut dicitur: Li sula

isint

Lugh mac

secht mbeithi tugad do

berthair do bean

mine derna

{\-

1160

mbeithi roscribadh in cetainm ogaim

tucadh a nErind
Rthlenn

in beithi,

is

o chrand 1165

ainm caerthaind

luis

i^

caertheand

Fernd dono, o chrand rohainmniged

jt dicitur :
Airenach Fianw i^ fernd, air is di na sgeith.
Sail dano, is o chrand roHainmniged ut dicitur : Li ambi 1170
i^
nemli lais i^ ar cosmaiUius a datha fri marb. Nin
ar ailleacht a

dno,

is

caer.

o chrand rohainmniged

cosdad sida nin

uiwnius, ar

is

o uindsind

i^

tit

dicitur

di doniter craind gE triasa

no cosdudh sidha

Nin -igarmna dognither do uindsind i^ isin aimsir 1175

sidha togaibt^r garmna.
Huath dono, is o chrand

coscairther

sidh

in

uindis.

ginol

rohainmniged
i-

sce L.

dono,
aib

is

(?;//.]

-i^

sce

no ar

\iit

is

duir.

Tinne dono,

"^ ethleand, idat T.

"3 aibgidreach L.
fiada fearn fear

na sgeith B. L.
^'''

comdal cuan

huath

Duir

hi ara deilghibh.

o chrand rohainmniged, ut dicitur airde doss-

cuileann [trian roith tindi

^^''^

dicitur

uathmar

is

'v

" Feochas L.
"^ cala T.

is

rohainmniged

o chrand

L]

ar

is

"o-''

cf. Ajiec.

iii.

43, 45

"* datha a caer

H.
di dogaithear na sgiatha lasna Fianaib T.
"'" Li ambi mairb soil T.

aliter RC. xxvi. 24, 72.

coscrach sida T.
"'^'
"'^ coscraidthea L.
trian a rothenne B,

-i-

cuileand in tres

is

di

]180

THE PRIMER
black-thorn,

elder,

bird-cherry,

whte-hazel.

broom,

heather,

Now

spindle-tree,

honeysuckle,

test-tree,

Herb

bog-myrtle,

91

to

trees,

to

lecla^

rushes,

wit,

resemblange to the trunk of the birch,

Of wihered trunk

that

fairhaired the birch,

was brought into Ireland,

birches were brought to

Lugh son

wife will be taken from thee

unless thou watch her.

It

ash,

i.e.,

because

Itiis

is

is

bands, that

named from

willow, again,

is

i.e., it

lifeless one,

blance of

a tree,

viz.,

ash, for of
is

broken

maw

Fern, alder, again,

The van

a tree,

has no colour,

of the Warrior-

it

dicitur

i.e.,

or,

too

is

beam which

is

named from

Nin, that

made

of ash, that

time of peace weavers' beams are raised.

is

named from
is

a tree,
huath,

formidable owing to

named from a
is

viz.,

white-thorn, ut dicitur

white-thorn

its

is

is,

Higher than bushes

named from

holly, that

because

or

a tree,

i.e.,

because holly

three timbers of the chariot-wheel.

Coll,

a
is,

meet
it

Duir, oak, again,

thorns.
:

is

Huath, again,

viz.

tree, ut dicitur

Tinne^ again,

of a wheel

is

uindis.

in

oak.

to the resem-

check on peace

of a weaver's

of hounds

The colour of

owing

Nin

Sail,

A^check on peace is nin, viz.,

are made the spear-shafts by which the peace

ash, ut dicitur

it
:

of mountain-ash in old

hue to a dead person.

its

Then

thereof are the shields.

alder, for

still

is

alphabet.

mountain-ash,i.e.,rowan,

is

berries.

a tree, ut dicitur

is,

eavi c?stodieris, to wit,

Ogham

name

the

to the beauty of its

named from

to wit, seven

a tree, to wit, from mountain-

GdLoWc^ut dicitur : Delightof eye

owing

Ogham

on that account b

is

named from

is

first

of Ethleann, to wit, thy

tiisi

written at the beginning of the

it

its

dicitur

tit

and therefore on the birch was written the

as to luis,

etc.

been named from the birch owing to

beithe has

inscription

furze,

vvit,

is

is
is

an

holly, a third

is

one of the

again,

is

named

AURAICEPT

BB.325a39

92

fidh roith in carbait.

ed

Coll dono,

dicitur cainfidh

iit

Queirt dano,

coll

-i-

Muin dono
iarsinni

-i-

o chrand rohainmnig-

cach ac

gelt

elit

-i-

ithi

o chrand rohainmnighead

is

cHthar boaiscille

dicitur:

is

E. 26 a 43

chno,

abhuU ut

-i-

quert

aball. 1185

-i-

finemhain, ut dicitur, airdi masi

-i-

fhasas a

n-airde

muin
Gort dono

finemhain.

-i-

-i-

-i-

edeand
Glaisiu geltaibh gort

Ngetal dono

edind.

i-

luth

lega

getal

draighen,

ut

dicitur

gilcach no raith ut dicitur

-i-

cilcach

-i-

no

aire

Straiph dono

raith.

srabha

sraibh

Ruis dono -i- trom, /// dicitur, ruamna

Ailm dono -i- crand giuis -i- ochtach.

Idho

-i.

ruice ruis

Onn

-i-

Uilleand

-i-

edleand.

Iphin

i-

-i-

trom.

-i-

aiten.

-i-

no edind.

1190

draighin.

-i-

Edhadh -i- ed uath

crand fir no
ibhar.
Ebhadh -i- crithach (col. ^). Oir

fraech.

i-

Ur

crithach. 1195
-i-

feorus

spinan no ispin

7rl.

Anmand
Fedha

amal fogabar isna Duihbh

fidh tra sin uile

inn ogaim 7 ni ho dainib ut alii dicunt.

1200

cumang? Ni ansa. Lanchumang intibh

uilibh eter fedha 7 taebomna co nd^jirba huath -i- conasfirbade uath -i- amal bes a n-aic?Wcidh mor gidh beg e. Is
Cest, cis

lir

amhlaidh innister
lenchumang.

egumang

aibh,

7
i

-i-

cethirs[h]Ucht fegh-

egumang, lanchumang

fedaib,

cumang

7 1205

a forfed-

is

treshlicht as choir

"S5 ceirt L.

^i8
"''i
Eithieand L.
raid, Straif L.
sreabhudh sdraibh T. sraibh B. """ ruisc T.
"^'^^
aitenn, onn 'i- ochtach T.
dainibL. FiiiiT.
1204 is amlaidh so huath,
cethir slicht L.
gach slicht B.

ii''*2

draigean L.

ii'J-*

dono

i>

120310

E.

1205

taebomnaib L.

Cin Ollaman

-i^

mutzM, lethchuniang a leathgutaibh.

and -i- lanchumang a
cumang a forfedaibh, 7 ecumang a muitibh ar ni

Atberat araile
fedaibh, 7

isin

cumang
Lanchumang

thair for fedhaibh

o/w.

i'-'"*'

lencumang L.

1208

tre licht

L.

THE PRIMER
from a

tree, ut

every one

from a

tree,

that

boiscill,

dicitur

eating of

is

viuin, that

is

tree, ut dicitur

because

is,

Gort, again, that

vine-tree.

queirt,

is

ivy

is,

grows

it

that

is,

strength

is

again,

physician's

Straiph, again, that

of a stream
that

Ailni, again,

elder.

Onn, that

is,

ut

fern,

to

is,

dicitur

vvit,

gooseberry, or thorn,

is,

is ruis,

pine

i.e.,

tree.

Edliadh, that

heath.

aspen.

is,

Ruis, again,

grief, to wit, test-tree or aspen.

Uilleand, that

is,

broom or fern.
dicitur : The hedge

tree, to

fir

that

wit,

black-thorn.

is,

Ur, that

Ebhadh, that

yew.

or ivy.

aloft,

The redness of shame

i.e.,

furze.

ed uath, horrible
is,

that

sraibJi,

is

tree.

Highest of

ivy,"

black-thorn, ut

is,

elder, ut dicitur

is,

Shelter of a

^
is

broom or
broom,

i.e.,

named

" Greener than pastures

Ngetal,

is

an apple

i.e.,

a vine-tree, ut dicitur

is,

hazel,

is,

Queirt, again,

nuts.

a wild hind

Aluin, again, that

beauty

Fair wood, that

its

an apple

i.e.,

is,

93

Oir, that

honeysuckle.

is,

is,

Ido, that

spindle-tree,

Iphin, that

is

etc.

Now all these are wood names such as are found in the
Ogham Books of Woods, and are not derived from men, tit
alii dicunt.

Query, how

power

is

in

many

them

all

exception of h, that
as their nature

so set

down

are their powers

is,

may

that

be,

that are .seen on vowels,

full

in

h might be

whether

it

FuU

Not hard.

viz.,

power and half-power.

truly sunk, that

be great or small.

Book of Ollams,

in the

both vowels and consonants, with the

is,

It is

to wit, four divisions

power and want of power,

Full power in vowels,

power

diphthongs, want of power in mutes, and half-power in

semivowels.

Others say that three divisions are proper

there, viz., full

power

want of power

in

Gael.

in vowels,

and
no semivowel exists with the
long in vowels and diphthongs, and

mutes

Query, what

is

power

for

in diphthongs,

94
fil

AURAICEPT

BB. 325)3 13

leathguta

la Gsedel.

Cest, cate fot

aibh 7 gair hi taebomnaib

.26^45
i

fedhaibh 7

aimser for taehomnazl? do gres a corus

Cest, cis

dech docussin?

lir

forfedh- 1210

gair suidigud, air

-i-

leath-

is

for/ed.

Ni ansa.

ocht

dialt

recomrac 7 iarcomrac, felis 7 cloenre J luibenchosach

claideamnas 7 bricht, Oenfidh airegda i ndialt, a da
7

recomrac, a

tri

n-iarcomrac, a

hi claenre, a se

ceithri

luibenchosach, a secht

1215

a coic

fil/i-,

claidemnas, a

mbricht, cenmota taebomna.

Cest, cia roig
llaig-/ -i- dialt co ceill coic litri and a
mmeit 7
llaiget co oenlitir 7 is focal son, tit 1220
n-as mode: rosaigh
est a, o, i, amal ata (-i- ard) slebhi.
Amal ita Ard
(A) Cuis, 7 Ard (A) Cartaind, a Slebh Luachra -i-

ocht

dialt

anmand

Mac Da

slebhe saindriudh ut dixit

Damh

conngair eter da

Cerd[a]

a,

1225

Fon-gluaisi gaeth gulbanda,

Is uallach int

Re
7

(-i-

\diu

trichait sed

cluas) for cind 7

mmeit co a

arganda

coic

[i]

lurganda
inis

littri,

CoXuim

est,

Cilk.

Scxivithair J ni hairimther uath isna foclaib

scalp.

aib arna

tormaig

litrib,

acht nod

araili

fri

ocht a mbricht 7

Cach

tinfid.

cowcumung cach
is

met

7 laigett

Rosaigh

bracht tract druct

ndialt

iarum na
Deich co a

ocail.

as

dedenach-

cacha Gaeidelgi o dealt

i-'i

^"^^ deich dochusin L.

gair(de) taobomnaib E.
Gr. Lat. v. 112, 28
Margin, pp. 325, 326: Aspiratio H, dassie \Za.afiav'\ J- scile \\pCKy\v'\ -j.
Gr. Lat. iii. 520, 14
cf. Thes. ii. 51, 68
v. 33, 33
viii. 230, 15
132, 28
^'^^'^
Origg. i. 19, 9
recomarc, iarcomarc, feUs L.
i

1220, 8
^'^^

rosig E.

isna htrib L.

1222-7

^'^ scrin E.

E. om.

1^32 \q^ araili

L.

iwtormaig E.

230

;:

THE PRIMER
short in consonants? that

Ogham

of

lavv

by

short

is

diphthongs

95
position, for

the

on

consonants

there?

Not hard

half-time

is

always.

Query, how

Eight of them

many

iarcouirac, three

six

verse-feet

felis, four

claidevmas, seven

vowel

principal

are

one syllable

dialt,

in

and

luibenchossach,

One

eight syllables.

bricht,

two

dialt,

recomrac, two syllables;

cloenre, five

them

of

in

recomrac,

them in iarconirac, four of them in feles,

them in cloenre, six of them in luibeichossach,
seven of them in claidevinas, eight of them in bricht,
three
five

of

of

consonants.
Query, how far does a syllable
extend to in greatest and least ? To wit, a syllable with

besides

a meaning, five letters are in

it

it, which is the

greatest
reaches an inferior limit at one letter, and that a word, ut

est, a,^ o,

are

such as

viz.

i,

(Ard)

Luachra, to

A
"

(Ard) Cartaind,

in

Such
Sleeve

particular mountains, ut dixit

stag bells between two heights,

A piercing

mountain height.

is,

names of

wit,

Mac Da Cerda

, that

and

Cuis,

Proud

is

wind tosses

the stalker

us,

ij)

Before thirty long-shanked deer.

and

o,

on a head, to

Then

Island.
letters,

ut

scalp, gap.

est,

it

an ear

reaches

bracht,
is

wit,

fat

a
;

and

Colum

(I)

Cille's

superior limit up to

strand

drucht,

not counted

is

it is

five

dew
among the
mark of aspiration. As

tracht,

written and

letters in the last words, but

to every syllable, therefore, that does not

add

each of them

Verse-feet up to

eight of

is

the equivalent of a word.

them are

syllables,

And

in bricht.

inferior limit of all Gaelic

from

both included, to

that

dialt,

is

to another,

the superior and

one, to bricht, eight,

wit, that there

may

be power

96

AURAICEPT

BB. 325^33

E.26ay

co bric[h]t cona n-athgabail diblinaib

gach

dialt iarna tinol deach.

^/bunad cacha Gxe]ge

Is

Domiditer alta uad

n-indsci.

tair tiar tes tuaid

is

domiditer

Cest, cindus

Corop cach

ansa.

fri

gu rub recomarc

7 a

s'la/'a.

1235

/ to/// / traeth.

?^/ esl,

cach

fri

cach n-indsci

dialt friscara di araili,

;

cubaid a comfid

a mbith ocht

mod

duine amal domiditer

alta

fri

Is bricht

dialt acht

co cumangar du

-i-

Ni

tis

tuas

friscara di araili, ar 1240

comdeich.

Coig airmi cintecha

in tuir

da tuaith sechtmogat

-i-

da comairlig sechtmogat acco 7 da berla sechtmogat for

fodailt doib 7 da deiscip?// sechtmogat tancadar la Feinius

do {oglaim na mberla

sin 7

da ceimend sechtmogat

in 1245

airdi in tuir.

Cest, caidi deifir eter indeall 7 tindell

int

imcomurc

Ni ansa.

Innell

7 tinnell int eirwiud.

Seacht primtoisigh

ndernad

lasi

in tor

-i-

EbcT mac

Grecus mac Gomer a quo Greci, Laitin mac Puin 1250

Saili,

a quo Laitini, Riabath Scot a quo Scoiti, ^emxuadh

Cuis mic Caim mic Noi, J Faillech mac Ragau

mac
mic

Arafaxat mic Seim.

deochraigtT eter cinniud

Cest, cate

quam

immo?'ro

Cinniud

Ni ansa.

cinntichu son?
ceirtiu

cintech[u]

ind aipgitir (326) Aspin Ehraide.

in

aipgitir

Cinntichu son
Laitianta uair

-i-

'Ldanda

na

beithi-luis-nin in

is fo

deoidh

in aipgitir Grecda, ar

in

is

1255

Cinntichu

aipgitir

ogaim na

Grecda.

in aipgitir

arricht.

Cia haenfoc/1 gebes forna ceit[h]ri ernaili ind Aurai- 1260

cepta cen deifir tomuis 710 tarmf?r/cind 710 feda no focail
^'^*''

toth 7 troeth E.
^'^ tuaid L. om.

todh L.

i2;'3

E. om.

V339

alaile E.

1-^5

fodluim E.

na

12.50

Grecaig E.

'-'^'

1253

ni2c jx. E.

1256

ar B.

The marginal

E.

^'i-

n-ilberla L.

domiter L.

^'^ fodail L.

na mberlad E.

inas L.

'^'^'^

dodomiditer E.

forfodailtea E.

^^^ imcomarc, int erned E.

Latini, Riabath Scott, Scoti E.

adds

^^52

-^^^

Reu

L.

ix.

B.

Caite a meit a dechraigt-;- E.

Cindtichu L. Aspin is written out.

cindead L.

Grecda E.

gloss (v. p- 94 note)

is

almost opposite.

The

glossator thought

^-'' nas L.l

Eabraide should be aspirated to Hebraide.
^^* tarmsce leam forcind no fedha E.
1258 inas L.

THE PRIMER

97

to every syllable, after they are gathered into verse-feet.

which are eight

s bricJit in

foundation of

except inod,

Gaelic

all

Dialt, syllable,

syllables.

AJta, joints, of science are

they measured with every speech?

may

spond to another,
feet of

Not hard.
est,

that one dissyllable

joints

Query, how are

correspond to another, ut

south, north

east, west,

It

the

tmetJi.

measured with a man's

as they are measured with every speech.

each syllable

and

toth,

is

That
down, up,

may

corre-

vowels and the like verse-

for the Iike

them rhyme.

Five certain numbers of the Tower, to wit, 72 peoples,

and 72 counsellors with them, 72 languages divided

among them, and ^2

pupils that

learn those languages,

and 72 paces was the height of

came with Fenius

to

the Tower.

Query, what

and
and

tindeJJ,

is

the difference between

Not

unyoking?

indeJl,

IndeJJ the

yoking,

question,

tindeJJ the solution.

Seven chief leaders by

wit,

hard.

Eber son of Saile

whom

Latini ; Riabath Scot,

a quo Scotti ; Nimrod son of Cush, son of

Noah

to

Grecus son of Gomer, a qno Graeci

son of Faunus, a quo

Latinus

Tower was made,

the

Ham,

son of

and Peleg son of Ragau, son of Arphaxad, son of

Shem.
Ouery, what are the different significations between

more

definite,

Definite

the

is

definite,

and most definite?

the Greek alphabet, for

Hebrew

More

alphabet.

it

definite,

alphabet than the Greek alphabet.

the Latin alphabet
of the

Ogham

What

for

single

is
it

was invented

however, the Latin

More

definite than

last.

word comprehends

of the Primer without regard

to

termination, letter,

form

or

Not hard.
more exact than

the Beithe Luis Nin

this, to wit,

word,

is

the four

divisions

difference of measure,
?

Not hard.
G

The

AURAICEPT

BB. 326a5

98

na forgnuisi

Ni ansa.

Ebraide

aipgitir

In focul

Grecda

Treidi doghni uath

E. 26/319

is

gebid ar

apgitir, ar

7 Laitianda.

bogad

-i-

semigudh

Bocad cetumus for tdiQhoinnaib

maing doib -i' do p 7 do c [7] do
:

is

7 airdibdad.

'na ndiaidh doeag- 1265

t ut cloch, both.

larsin

Laitneoir bidh tinfid iar cach i^.bonma isin Gaed/A:.

Semi-

gudh immorro forna ta.ehonmazd chena

rempo doecmain^- do'ih [ for coic taehomnat'd -i- for Ib, c, d, t, g. Bogad
beithi cetamus -i- sop 7 lop -i- amal ata B[h]atraig.
Uath 1270
bogas in beithi fil and, ar ni bi p isin Gaedz7<:. Semigud
amal ata a Batraig, uath and i[s] semiu 'nas
n-aill.
Bocad cuill -i- clach 7 ach bocad d -i- sodh 7 odh. Bocad
for tinni -i- tath 7 ath.
Bocad for gort -i- magh 7 agh.
Seimigud b immorro -i- a bhen, a bhan, a bhe binn. 1275
Seimiugud c dono -i- o chiun, do chein, o chianaibh, o
chetoir.
Semigud d -i- d[h]amsa, d[h]uitsiu. Semigud t
ia thir, a thuaigh. Semiugud g -i- a ghradh 7 a
is

ogha.

Airdibdad immorro forta [d] taebomna

for sailig 7

-i-

1280 X

taebomna amal fedaib) -i- orro dibdudh -ia mbricht ass di raith amal ata ardibdad sa'cc/i -i- a
for ferna

s[h]al,

(-i-

Airdibdad ferna

a s[h]uil.

a fhind, a

-i-

f[h]ir,

ind

f[h]eda.

so

sain

Is

edadh

in

cingit 7 cuing

consani

i^

-i-

doni E.

is

cuhat'd

frisna

dorusa uerdi

^X^TITI

seimiugad

litt/r La.tz'anda ica scribinrt' na

Ni hecen acht ^j^^ a oenur ar son
7

airdibad L.

bocud

semed

airdibudug/ E.

Ebra L,

12"

roc, sop, lot,

1272

a Phatraig T.

12^5

on chiuin L.: o chind E.

12"

a thuath L.: a tuath, guirt

iPO

forda, for sail 7 for fearnd L.

i'*'

0'Molloy Gr.

tinfeadh L.

xvii. p.

163

1268

che(Ona E.

ii-2 E.

a b find, /r. Texe,

i.

1281

1282 a mbrat
dibad E.
E.
^'^ i dorsa u^-bi E.
Sain.sow frisnad cub- E.
ica B.
is i n-oen di littzr, na son sin n 7 g Ei L.

1285
i^^'?

om.

132, 34

12"9

ogh L.

abhind E.

agda ogda E.
airdibad E.

oir o

7 1285

ecen di

J g.

i23

12"

euad

-i-

tabair esemplair) gur uinge 7

(-i-

uing L.

THE PRIMER
word alphabet,

for

99

comprehends the Hebrew,

it

Greelc,

and Latin alphabets.

causes three things, to wit, bogad, lenition of final

initial

Bogad

on consonants and follows them,

and

c,

p,

first

t,

it

falls

(?),

ut cloch, stone

the Latinist, aspiration

usual after every consonant in

is

Srnigud, lenition of

'GaeHc.

however,

initial,

consonants, b,

and

lop,

it,

for

p does not

of d,

its

and

dth, ford

Sinigud of

b,

which

sweet

to thee

of g,

of

t, viz.

viz.

and

stone,
:

of

t, viz.

and

plain,

love,

and a

of c also,

viz.

chianaibh, just now,

dhamsa, to me, dhuitsiu,

a thuaigh,

thr, his land,

a ghrdJi, his

viz.

of d,

magh,

woman

chiunn, snce, do chein, from afar,

immediately

viz.

than

softer

is

and odh, music

of g,

that

Smigudh,

clach,

viz.

c,

sop

however, a bhen, his wife, a bhn^

blank space, a bhe binn,

chetoir,

that softens the

there,

sdh, turning,

viz.

tth, dissolution,

agh, cow.

is

on

is,

first, viz.

exist in Gaelic.

Bogad of

the other example.

ach, alas

It is

a Phtraig, h

as

Bogadh of b

g.

t,

such as Pdtraig.

stands in

such

d,

c,

upon

falls

the consonants in general and precedes them, that

five

viz.

According to

booth.

boh,

(?),

and airdibdud, extinction.

smigud, lenition of

axe

[to] his

gJia, his virgins.

Airdibdud, extinction, however, comes upon two con-

sonants
letters s

(i.e.,

and

consonants become like vowels), that

f,

that

is,

extinction

on them, that

is

their

being deleted altogether, such as the extinction of

wit,

a shl, his heel

wit,

a fJiind, his hair; a

sJtil,

Extinction of

his eye.

fJiir,

O man

the

is,
is,

s,

to

f,

to

ind fJieda, of the

letter.

This is different from the rhymes 7 )C > Tn C- euad,

and edadh of the beginning^f a word (give examples)
that in uinge, cingit, and cuing there s need for two
Latin letters to write the consonants n,

need but of y^jK onJy

for these

two

g.

There

letters

in

is

no

Gaelic,

/\

lOO

da

AURAICEPT

BB. 326a25

sin

littr^

uinge,

.1.

dat inunna dno

J>

X^1TW

Seit

^^^

<^>

a scribind

min

Air

do

-i-

do

fregra

dono do sainigedh

buga fogair

naemh

dib-seo

a scribind.

mn arba

-fll}-

>4fflK

-i-

-^

usce

-i-

andsen. 1295

bis

and

gne

coic

genmota

-i-

isna
:

forfeda

defoghur

fail

fogh/zr forsna fedhaibh, air

forfedhaibh,

nem

-f|f|<

7t

>^

neamh

cst,

tohaidi

Fene

berla

-i-

7 fasaige na filed 7 berla etarsgarta 7 berla frttide na

aicce

-i-

ruin.

no

is

n-aill

immorro

tra 7

caidat J ni ansa

fona

lasin

filid.

i"'i
'^''^

esna

frisna

edon

Jr\.

Gne

d^v

n-aill

n-aiU dano

i^"-^

E. om.

fortchide L.

dorb T.
chanaig L.

Et muirne

ainm.

7 iar J

Gne

decubaid L.

1-"

do forbau na

ball

J tresna, sec[h]na.

^'03

bal

is

-i-

do iarmberla

anusc? E.

196-1301

^^*

ballorb

do chawaid

Gne

miruine.

Et

dno
It e

he es

seit

iarum

-i-

^Aideachtdi 1305-

mirum no

dno

7 atat 7

J cest J cair J cisne J

-i-

forsna

(-i-

feraib) J

na lorga fuach

em

in sin

co tre tair do o fo

L.

12%

^jj.;

1297

asberar L.

1^-

forbu L.

-i-

-i-

filc/

amal rogab

triasa n-agaill?V cach dib a chele 7 iarmberla

Cuic

aigill

trega B.

L.

re iarmbrla v.

RC.

xiii.

267

forban E.
^'^~

1300

and.

berla

in

amal aherar isna

defoghur

na nguta

It

and

neamh im

ta.h/iam,

nemedh

and

> 7ffl

-i-

Ni 1290

cingit.

Neim nathrach

a scribind.

breathaibh

is

tria

34

^ V^.0)

cv^iaid cach

teinid,

,3

trega ar a tugad forfeda eter isin aib[g]itir in

i[t]

ogaim

nad

in

beic) iphi

(-i-

Nemh im

and.

-^

est,

^^^^\m///M'^

fris

seeit

conar tria

(-i-)

cuing,

suin

^-^^

ut

Gsedilc,

isin

>tin^^^<

E. 26

miridi L.

^^ tra B.

item L.

1310

THE PRIMER
V^.0X

/// est, :>

yoke,

loi

>im^55^ i.e., cuing,

Now sounds
^^' '^if^S^t, they step.

^"^^^'

^^'

'^lll

0""ce,

TTIII/^Tn??^^
are not the same with which each one of these does not

rhyme
by

X*fTni C

;>

Seit,

>-Tim.

serpent,

^^t ^st, seeit,

a road, by writing -^,

written by

is

they blovv the

Min, meal of corn,

Neini, poison of a

Min, that

flfj-.

i.e.,

is,

neamh, with reference to water

-^

is

small,

there.

is i

heaven round earth

^^^'h,

>4Tfll<-

written

fire, is

there.

For there are

three things for which diphthongs were introduced at

Ogham

into the

thong

as

Ogham

alphabet,

diphthongs in

the vowels

there

correspond to a diphis,

except

and also to differentiate sounds upon the

naenih, saint,

all

which there are two sounds of

Ogham vowels, for it is a

the Ogham diphthongs,
is

to

viz.

said in the nenied judgments, that

is

softness of sound that exists in

^ ae

there,

is

y^

heaven,

neanih,

est,

tit

poison,

7ieni,

ea

-T||J< i is

there.

These are the

of the Selected Language,

Commentaries of the Poets,
Parted Language, Obscure Language of the Poets through
which each of them addresses his llow, and iarnibrla
viz,

five species

Language of the

such as

member
^ano.

There

Ctiic,

for

Et
is

Irish,

secret.

Et

ballorb, to

completing poetry

niuirne, spears, to

or

it

is

wit,

the

wit, ill-will,

he has a

name

for a

or of iU

will.

another kind of iaruibrla, to wit, therefore, now,

there are, indeed, moreover, even, after, on, query, pray,

how many, what

are, not hard, etc.

on the (men), under, out

of,

are the staves of vvords with the poet,

to wit, he

under, on.

that,

Another kind

through, past them,

Another kind

indeed, unto, through, over,

That

is

an

interloping

also,

Theue

s^llable

to,

too,

from,

with the

AURAICEPT

102

BB. 326a44

fair.

Dialt n-etarlemmi in sin lasin

E. 26

de

cosin annuas.

amal iarunn, da fedtar a thaithmeach

mac Nema

berla ranig lar

-i-

ara se[c]dacht

no iarmberla

-i-

7 ni fetar a thaith- 1315

dheoidh

fo

44

larmberla tra

filid.

Is aire raiter iarmberla

/3

meach.

Ocus berla n-edarsgarta

berla tresa fuil deHugud na

i-

fid

triana n-inde taithmeach, ut

quando

oiss

as ros usce
ass

mad

amal rogabh ros

est,

mad

rofhos

marbusce no

for

for sruth 7 ro as intan as ros

Ocus am

asas,

thigi

n-aire[gh]da isin aenfhocul

berla

Hn

roi

(col.

roidh

/-J)

ar a luas 7 ar a

-i-

ft^rteidi

-i-

Hnd intan 1320

intan) as rois ceIH 7 rass iar

(-i-

-i-

na fedaibh aireghdaibh

eter

fordorcha

-i-

ruamanta inna ^\eachta, amal asrubairt in file

Feniusa: EtaiH aro ni anfem de -i- i inis; etaH

no

hi scuil

uasal 1325

-i-

7 aro -i- imramh -i- ni afem de imram co risam in innsi

n-uasail -i- Eiri no Espain, no is Espain eicin amal rogab
i

Da Thuar: Brimon

n-Imagallaim na

na

filed

mon

-i-

so

-i-

gne deidinach

in

smit

cleas, 7

mon

briathar, 7

cleas, 7

-i-

nac[h]

-i-

-i-

smetrach

-i-

briathar,

-i-

no

bri

-i-

smit forrach

-i-

rigi

smit a cluaisi do gabail ina laimh

cnaim sund

fil

sund

bri

-i-

ni

-i-

amal
j

eneach iconti egnaigeas

raib

gne

Iss e in coic(ed)

in gnat[h]berla fogni

isis-is

seanacht L.

13" iar- B.

iarw L.

1319

trian an idi, ross

1321

rofois,

i32:J

fhasas L. E.

1326

anfam,

1328

RC.
na

i^ i

ri oss
:

24, 78

fegthar L.

ross

L.

-i'

isi^-ss

roiss E.

Arch. C. P.
i^^"

iii.

248

ros cailli L.

anfam de corraisem

rigi E.

cac[h],

rofhs L. roais qiiando as ross lin E.

^^^ na fil- amal E.
^325 {^111 aro E.

^*^^

Bri amain E.

cnaimh hisuidhiu E.

do

_ om.

ridh L.

fortchidi L.

inis EtaiII L.

xxvi. 8

fil

fedthar B.

no rooidais E.

1*^ 7 smit, rach

1334

J
(

1335

in fiH.

1313

1330

Cleas brath^rda sin donidis na fiHd

co forrgidis neach.
oc ecnuch

i[s]

cluas, 7 forrach

-i-

Berla

smetrac[h].

^'^^
^^*'-**

in indsi uasal

1329-34

L. om.

E. om.

Cor.2 j^g

i333

i-

hEriu E.

Cor. Tr. 22

egnach L.

THE PRIMER
Unaccented Language, then, down

poet.

It is for

of

on account of

its

possible to analyse

it

to wit,

it,

iron, iarunn, if

is

it

Mac Nema

the speech which lar

that

is,

and

it is

not possible to analyse

And Language

meaning, ut

est,

of deer, quando (when)

ros

it is

out of

rest, if it

it if it

seed,

lin, flax

that

rois caelli,

is,

roi oiss, plain

copses of wood, and

it is

ross of water,

duck

be on stagnant water, or roidh

it is

on account of the swiftness and

And

grows.

it

distinction of the

is

be on a stream, and ro s when

i.e.,

density wherewith

last,

the principal vowels,

ros,

duck meat, along a pool when

rass,

weed, rofhos, great

ass,

example

for

or iarmbrla^

discovered

word through analysing

principal vowels in the individual

their

hardness like

it.

among

Parted

language through which there

is,

to this point.

reason that Unaccented Language, iarni-

this

brla, is said

that

103

Obscure Language, fortchide, that

the Brla Fortchide,

the great darkness

is,

or obscurity of poetry, as said the poet in the school of

Fenius
that

Etaill aro ni anfemde, to wit,

is,

noble

and

aro, that

not cease from rowing tiU

that
is

is

found

in the

or

it

is

Conversation of the

This

smetracJi.
last

Spain

Ireland, or

rowing

is,

we reach

is

kind here, to

the
wit,

island

i,
;

Etall,

we

to wit,

the noble

shall

Island,

definitely Spain,

Two

as

Brimon

Sages.

Language of the Poets that is, the

bri, word
mon, feat and smit, ear,
;

and forrach, that is, stretching or, bj'i, word, and mon,
feat, and smetrach, that is, ear-lobe compression, that is,
A bfotherly trick is 'fjfTt^j
that they might injure some one.
;

that which the poets used to do in satirising,

the lobe of his ear in his

there, the individual

hand, that

whom

is,

as

viz.,

to take

no bone exists

the poet satirises could have

no honour-price.

The

fifth

every one

kind

is

the Usual

for others

Language which

serves for

say of the Brla Fine that

it is

the

104

asberad

(ar)

comad

araili

conach berla

AURAICEPT

BB. 326^15

e in berla Feini fasaigi na

and

forfid

is

in forfhid

in

neam; no

xdiu

a fedaib 7 gair suidig[th]i

dono na feda
feda immorro

fileat
it

inunda

it

and

fil

is

fil

1340

buigi

gair n-aicw/c/ 7 fot suidig////'

forfedaib 7 fot n-aicw/rf'; no

inunda

na

Na

guthrt/^/.

for-

IN defhoghur

na deofhoghair.

1345

amal ata bean, bein dogenta de meni beith

Is amlaid na forfeda.
Cindus on 7 ebad

intib iarum,

fil

deofhoghur.

sund

is
i

ata

in fid aire[gh]da

airegh[d]a

fid

Amal

Ni ansa.

Nem immorro

and.

fil

cruaidiu
-i-

filed,

fo leith etir.

Cest, caide fot 7 gair intib JxX.}

neam,

26^x

E.

forfidh ind

anma

Ni codarsna anni

intan asberar fer?

cumair sin

sin arin defoghur.

Is

co

nama) a n-as modhe.

leith tantuvi

morro

(-i-

Da

aimsear

aimsir im- 1350

Cia bad gairit iarum in

x^^wiaige fota.

forsin

7 ni bi fair acht

remunn inrathaigte.
Ceinmota ^\diu in fid
conicc comardugud fuit 7 gair indib, amal asbert in Lait-

defoghur
neoir

[circumplex] forsna Vi2.baib fotta amal ata

ama/ adberat

s'labaib cuimri

do, si ;

ut est

pax

J
-i-

1355

indus [s]in dobeir in Gaedel forshail for fot

Is fon

bacc.

acuit forsna

amal rogab sron 7 slog JxX. et ernin arding dead amal

rogab leacc 7 ceand 1x\. Cid timarta iarum ebad isinni
Cid fotera in
is fer ni la Greco as defoghur in sain.
codarsna sin
deich fedha

cetamus

frecra

duna

gaii(de) E.

^''^
na defogair L.
(-ri mar n-an as mode E.

inraigthe E.

^*^-*

circumplex L. E.

i;i57

1359

ansa.

^^'

fil

^'^"

intib L. om.

Gr. Lat.

defect in

v. 28,

fedha 7 na 1360

Na

coic fedha

na secht fedha

suigigi B.

euad E.

27

comardud L.

MS. BB.

cumri, becc fex E.

atbera L.

Gr. Lat. v.

521, 6; iv. 371, 9

arding dedhacho E.
jjg

Ni

coic guthaigib tug

^^"'"

acuit, in a late scrawl.

iii.

"(a secht)

ata L. om.

'^''^'^

iar fuilliuc[h]t aili?

ix!

i:3

ic

na coic fedha

J345
y:s

32,

deogur E.

'*'"*

iarsani is fearr L.
^'^ (a secht)in margin B.

THE PRIMER
Commentaries of the Poets, and that
language at

What

not a separate

is

it

all.

short and long

is

such

In

105

neani,

as

them,

in

heaven,

In nein^ poison, however,

stands there.

Not

etc. ?

hard.

diphthong

is

it

it is

that

the principal

vowel that stands there, and the principal vowel that

stands there

neam

; or,

again,

are, in

short

the same

fact,

would be made of

are the

Ogham

diphthong
instance

as
in
it

the

of

the

them, therefore, such as bean^

were

diphthongs.

vowels that stand there

The Ogham diphthongs

diphthongs.
As to the

the vowels.

as

diphthong that stands

hein

by nature and long by position

in diphthongs and long

Ogham

again, the

or,

same

are the

it is

to wit,

is softer,

and short by position

in vowels,

by nature

harder and the diphthong

is

it

How

is

that,

namc when fer

is

since ebad

is

the

That

spoken?

That

not contrary to the diphthong.

is

Thus

not a diphthong.

is

is not upon it save a time and a half only

There are two times, however, on the long
That the foregoing diphthong was short there-

and there

short,

at the most.

vowel.
fore

must be perceived.

adjust

itself to

circumflex

.$/,

if;

and

is

on the long syllables such as

in the

upon the short

Besides,'too, the vowel

same

fer,

it

is

do,

give

is

srn, nose, slg, host, etc.

final

such as

Therefore, although e

is

leacc,

stone,

short in the

not according to the Greeks that

What

Thus the Gael

syllables, ut est,pax, a kiss.

ceand, head, etc.

diphthong.

able to

vvay they say an acute accent

puts forsail on a long, such as

and ernin which compresses a

word

is

long and short ih them as the Latinist said

it

is

causes the contrary of that, and the

Ogham vowels, and the seven Ogham vowels, and

ten Ogham vowels, according to another version ?
Not hard. The five Ogham vowels first answering to
the five vowels he gave the seven Ogham vowels, however.

five

the

io6

Na

immorro.
ata

AURAICEPT

BB. 326/339

deich fedha immorro

Pin immorro ar p ata 7 amancoll ar

a seacht samlaid.

Gne

aili

and ar

Iphin

eamancoll

is airi

ata, 7

didi'u is ar

Conadar didm
greim taebomna

ina

a focail no

-i-

ar

focail

ar

araen

beoir feoil Briain

ata

intan bis fo

no

-i-

iphin

is

for

(327)
?

in

and, 7 ni

Caidi [in

sail

fil

ar

fid

gabus] 1375

7 in

na geibh greim

fid

Is e in fidh

defhoghur

re

7rl.,

no

fidh teit a
-i-

dhib taebomnaibh, ut dicitur

gabus greim

focail

-i-

a n-sensillaib, ut

consanacht

taeb-

no

u.

est,

Fidh na

fidh labhras a senur.

focail

-i-

{-i-

x\ihe\sa

ut 1385

nach gutai

fidh bhis a ndiaid araile ut diximus

(mar adubramar).

dono

i;i64
i-*"'

g^f

n-emnaidi L.

emhanchoU

13661409

L.

in

1386

Qj..

ar ax E.

^"^
!*"
^'^^-

L.

Lat.

beithi-luis-nin

V. 27,

taebomna

gabus

ar a n-eemendi, contat E.

E. om.

i''"3

isin

14

1380

Fid

tomus do
cach da taebomna ar fidh.

nec uocales nec consonantes habentur

7 nach consoini iat)

-i-

aenfidh fregras in

ghabhand greim tasbomna na fedha na

Conadar

1.370

isinn Gaidelg, 7

indarna ta.ehomna

emnad

is

foimdin

gabus greim da taebomna

focail

gabus greim d taebomna

,'

a ndiaid araile 7 fidh bis for primfhid

fid

Fid gabus greim

is coll

d'

is[in] bethi-Iuis-nin

taebomna nafeda na

dicitur

ar fedaib [fod]a

is
is

ata conid 1365

sail.

7 in fid

gabus greim
quidein

ris,

adberar

coll

is

taisechu coll in

omna

in so.

ar h-i fo meodontacht,

is

EmuncoII

p.

aire raiter

fid

ar

is

nGrecda no Laitinda do thabairt

focul

ind X, 7
is

Muman

asberait araili ebad 7 oir

medontaig.

is

nAuraiccept

lar

Uilleann immorro

itat.

na

iphin ar defoghur

-i-

emoncoll ar a n-emnaidi ata intan sin condat a deich

samlaid.

coir

E. 27 a 15

1**'

inunn E.
Dcfect in MS. BB.
greim do B.
consain L.

fodaib L.

THE PRIMER

Ogham vowels, that is, iphin^ which stands

Moreover the ten

for a

diphthong

107

eiuancoll

are thus ten of them.

doubled then, so that there

is

Pin, moreover, stands for p, and

emancoll for x, so that there are seven

This

is

them

thus.

according to the Auraicept of Munster.

Some

say there

is

another kind, ebad and oir that

Uilleann, moreover, stands

stand for simpe long vowels.

for y,

of

and

for

medially, or

u when

it is

again, stands

it

Iphin stands for

medial.

is

the proper symbol there for

for x, that

to allow of

is,

Greek or Latin

words being introduced into Gaelic, and on that account

called Einancoll, twin

c, for

and not s

It is

is

demanded,

too, in the Beithe

be doubled

said to

for in x, c is earlier

it is

one of the two consonants

is

that stand in x, and therefore c

there,

Emancoll,

p.

than

Luis Nin

s.

What is

the

vowel that takes the force of a consonant, and the vowel that
takes the effect of two consonants, and the vowel that takes
the effect of a word, and the vowel that does not take the

word.

effect of a consonant, vowel, or

It is

the vowel that

takes effect of a consonant, quidevi, to wit, a vowel after

another, and a vowel that usually stands on the primary

vowel of

its

word, or along with a diphthong in one

syllable, ut est, beoir, hQQv\feoil, flesh

Briain, of Brian,

etc.

becomes consonised, to wit, u. A vowel

that takes the effect of two consonants, to wit, one vowel
that answers the measure of two consonants, ut dicitur:
or a vowel that

Every two consonants

for a vowel.

the effect of a word, that

is,

vowel that takes

a vowel that speaks alone.

vowel that does not take the effect of a consonant, vowel,

or word,

viz.,

of nullity,

consonantes habentur, that

is,

ut dicitur:

Ncc

vocales

nec

which are not vovvels and

which are not consonants, or a vowel which stands after

another, ut dixivius, as

There

is

asked

we have

for, too, in

said.

the Beithe Luis

Nin a

I08

AURAICEPT

BB. 327alo

greim

fedha,

taebomna

Et da tabomna gabus greim

gabus greim

coic

gabus greim

gabus

greim

fidh

fidh

tri

greim feda
feda

fedha

-i-

-i-

/i"/

na coic

Is

Is

fidh 7

tiebhomna

E.t

taebomna gabhus

in

gabhus

greim

taebomna

Et taebomna gabus greim

gach da taebomna ar

n-inad dine

fedha.

In taebomna ghabhus greim

iniheXsd).

Taebomna gabus greim

i

7 1390

Et taebomna
Et ta;bomna
taebomna na gebhend greim 1395

focail.

queirt.

-i-

tsebomna

no da taebomna.

fid

taebomna.

ceithri

no da taebomna ng.

fid

27ai8

tebomna.

^^

focail.

taebomna no feda no

grcim

gabus

Et taebomna gabus greim da

feda.

da

E.

fid

1400

tomus.

coic fed 7 se

tasbomna

-i-

duir

Ni machtad intan ghabhus greim

disoil.

na se ta;bomna ge gabhaidh greim da

fidh

Taebomna gabus greim tri fidh 7 ceithri

taebomna
sail a n-inad forsail.
Taebomna gabus greim 1405
Taebomna
focail -i- taebomna congeb greim forbaidhe.
7

da taebomna.
-i-

na geb greim taebomna na

feda.

na

focail

taebomna dia

-i-

togaib uath ceand doraith.

Ni ansa.

Cest, cislir deich dochuisin?

Laitneoir, in

dech

lasin

In traigh lasin

nt Donatus dixit : pes est 1410

filid,

sillabaruni et teuiporum certa dinuuieratio

conid (^rmidetu demin ina sillab 7

dono airmidetu derb

sillab

dibh

i:!fl5

di

arailiu

isin

gaband L.
taebomna L.

tri

'*""

traidh L.

'""*

sillab for cach ndeich E.

^"""

Gaedz7r

'*''

Gr. Lat.

iv.

traighed

Gaidhiul o dhialt co bricht

sillab

ata in traigh

aimser

oirhthe

conid

cdich

hocht

''*'

no da taebomna L.

''^'

congeib forbaidi L.

369, 17

Ata

i^^na n-aimser.

dicit

L.

ocon

deach

samlaidh 1415

0*.

denuntiacio E.

THE PRIMER
consonant that takes the

109

and a consonant

effect of a vowel,

that takes the effect of a consonant and a vowel.

consonant that takes the

And two

consonants.
vowel.

And

consonants that take the

consonant that takes the

And

vowels and six consonants,

the

effect

And

effect of a word.

The consonant

is

the

Ths

ng.

And

consonant and a vowel, to

a consonant that takes the

consonant that takes the

sx consonants, that

wonder, when

is

efifect

It

takes the

and u of

nullity.

of a vowel, to wit,

measure,

in a
efifect

efifect

the six consonants, thoug^h^

vowels and two

c,

of two

of five vowels and

No

in the place o{ ditiiji disail.

takes the

it

wit,

efifect

every two consonants for a vowel

of the five vowels and

takes the effect of two

it

consonants.

a con-

the consonant

is

that takes the effect of a vowel, to wit, q.

effect of a

And

a consonant, vowel,

o'f

takes

that

vowels or two consonants

of hve

a consonant that takes

sonant that does not take the effect

or word.

effect of a

and four consonants.

of three vowels

efifect

consonant that takes the

And

of two vowels or of two

efifect

consonant

that

/^^/

takes

the effect of three vowels and four consonants, to wit,

s

place

in

effect of a

effect of

of forsail.

word, that

an accent.

is,

consonant that

a consonant that sustains

consonant, vowel or word, that

along

which h constantly appears.

Query, how

The
2it

many
:

Pes

is,

the N(

a consonant

versefeet are there?

foot with the Latinist

Donatus dixit

the

consonant that does not take the

effect of a
\yith

takes

Not hard.

the verse-foot with the poet,

est sj'llabaruni

et

tcinporuni

certa

dinunieratio, the foot is a definite counting of the syllables

and the times.

syllables, feet,

syllables
is

The Gael

also

and times from

has a sure counting of

dialt,

one, to bricht, eight

each verse-foot of them from one to another

perfect

syllable

in

Gaelic,

so

that

thus

there

IIO
i

Dialt

ocht.

Recomhrac

and.

immon

tuiseacha.

Feleas

lesin

-i-

filid,

claen a rind)

is

fi

-i'

na lama no

e in

-i-

di

slUadaz'l)

Bricht

dialt.

cona luibnibh

-i-

cate deochair eter dialt 7 a dheach

taebomna 7 primfidh
tan immorro

is

^Enfid

and.

aenguthzz^^

amal ata

do

ndialt, a

Ocht siUaba isan

focul

is

mo isan

^S ^-

--^

Cest,
is
is

7 in fid and.

7rl.

da aimsir

n-aendialt.

is

fiannam- 1435

1x1.

mo

isin

Laitin

ut est tinerijicabilitudinetaitibus.

J>^
1-'^*
^19

comraigend L.

iarcomrag

foecomarc

-i-

rae

i-

comraiced na

^^^ uair isindara rag is a diio air indara leith E.

"2' meir E.
claidem L. E.

'''"'

im enalt E,

bridhthair L.

i^^''^

fianamailecharadardae Cor.^ 447 : T.

Qj.^ \.-dX. viii. 164, 17
Loves Lahours Lost, Act
:

n-oendialt

viii. u. tri

ar L. om.

"-' in

^''^

i4:8

di sillaib

iarcomraicet E.

"*''

1430

In-

primfid no

-i-

Gaed//c, utest,

Tri sillaba deg immorro isin focul

is

In trath

\j___^^^4_i^t ailcecheterdarai 7 anrocomrai[rc]nicsiumairne,

^

Intan immorro

a, o, alt eter

recom^r:

trefoghur

Is airi sin ni talla in

forfid.

taebomna

alt oXer in

ocht mbriathra

Ni ansa.

na

-i-

claidebh 1425

-i-

and, no bricht iarsinni brigtair ocht sillaba and.

forfhidh in dialt alt eter defhogur and.

leth

tri forin

Claidemnas

bri ocht

-i-

1420

cibeadh dib

fo lais

vianus lamh 7 claidebh na laimi in sHndean

sechtmad

cach

iar

-i-

Claenre, uair ar a re

in choss

-i-

alt

fil

shilkz7;

forsna da

sillab

coic meoir 7 in traigh in sessed.

manus

na

a dho ar indara leith 7 a

Luibenchossach

n-aiH.

tri

cudruma.

is

nach

iarum comraigit

les

uair

o oensillaib co
co

comhraiget

-i-

comrac na

-i-

b^ras

re

-i-

dhiultadh

fo

larcomrac

alt.

ndedenach

(i-

di

-i-

27022

E.

airmidetu dearb sain

conid

mbricht

AURAICEPT

BB. 327 a 30

vii.

dialt B.

L.
i^"^-^

E. om.

v. Sc. I

Dr Murray of

The Oxford Dictionary is said tohavegot this transmitted as oneword through

the Postal Telegraph Office.

THE PRIMER
bricht, so that that

are eght

in

from one

syllable to

that

di,

is,

Recomrac^ dissyllable, that

meet

syllables

about

is re,

the

they

afterwards

i.e.,

is

definite counting

eight of them.

deny that any

to

iii

Dialt^ a
joint,

alt^

syllable,

exists

there.

the course in which the two

larcomrac,

alt.

meet,

trisyllable,

each

after

i.e.,

last,

i.e.,

a meeting of the three syllab]es with the two previous

Feieas, tetrasyllable, that

syllables.

hand
he

give,

will

(that
its

or he, the poet,

is,

for

uneven

is

it

even.

profit of the

whichever of them

Ciaenre,

termination),

its

bad

is,

satisfied

is

pentasyllable

with

for

respect

to

course two of them are on one half and three on the

other.

LuibencJiossach, hexasyllable, that

its digits,

the five toes

mnas, heptasyllable, that

the foot with

the seventh syllable.

Ciaide-

s,wov-manus, to wit, manus,

is,

hand, and the sword of the hand

it is

is,

the foot being the sixth.

is

the shoulder-blade: and

BricJit, octosyllable,

i.e.,

bri ocht,

i.e.,

eight words are there, or bricht because eght syllables

are

shown

there.

dialt, syllable,

When

Query, what

and a dheach,

the syllable

is

an

is

its

Ogham

the diference between

verse-foot

between (the vowels of the) diphthong

when

it

is

in that case.

a consonant and a primary vowel, there

between the consonant and the vowel.

it is

a single vovvel such as a,

o,

there

alt

is

One vowel

that

a primary vowel, or a diphthong.

in dialt,

account the triphthong

Eight syllables are

is

alt

is

But
is

alt

VVhen, however,

times.
is,

Not hard.

diphthong, there

two of them

between two

in recomarc, etc,
It

is

on that

not contained in one syllable.

in the biggest

word

in Gaelic,

ut

est,fianna7nailcecheterdarai, Fiann-like-every-second-one-'"^

of-them, and anrocomraircnicsiumairne, all-the-mistakeswhich-zy^-have-committed, etc.

Thirteen syllables, however, are

in

the biggest word

in Latin, ut est ab his honorificabilitudinitatibus.

"^^

^*.^/>.
'

112

BB. 327/3
Iss e int

AURAICEPT

ainm airmi

-i-

tri

no

anmand

-i-

priimis

27^39

eat

It

[a] ceithir.

na hanmanda uird airmi immorro

tercius

E.

(col. /3)

sequndus

et

n-anmand

a n-airmi iar prois 7 a

uird

airmi immorro iar n-aicned.

amal ata a
Is i sin an deochair, airim anforbthe

no a

V,

nocho

ar

forbthe, ut

est,

Airim forbthi

a aen fo

se,

in

a do a sessed, a

est

a do dec

tri

tri

a se sin

anda

randaidhi, 7 ni cach randaigi

Cest, cia roaig dialt

immorro a n-as

a aen 7

-i-

Conid airimh

dec samhlaid.

is

coic

-i-

coir.

a haile dec,

a hien

coit tria taithmet a lethe.

fuilliu

ceill

fo do. 1445

choitibh co

amal rogabh a do dec

is

Dialt co

tri

sin
7 a ceithri iarsin conid a deich

7 a se iarsin conid a se

/WV^ ^^^V-

-i-

thri,

a ceathramthu, a cethri a trian, a

se a ceirtleath samlaidh,

a do 7 a

se,

uair airisszV/ o

sin,

Airim ollforbthe ut

a do fo

iii

Airim

o choitibh.

nfuillt^r (fogailter)

1440

et

mmeit

litri

lughude

7rl.

Haiget

Ni ansa.

and a n-as mode

sluin;^

ic

-i-

1450

cach coitidi

Is

choitide,

is

in sain

cheilli

aenlitir 1455

comlaine

bunad cacha Gaedelge acht

mod 7 tod 7 troth. Cid fodera r\2ich bunadh doibh-sein ?
bunad in ret
Ni ansa. Ar is dialt cach ai dhibh, 7 ni
dialt acht mod 7 1460
do fen, no dono is bunadh cach GT&elge
chena ni dat bunad
tod 7 troth. Acht is momo lem and
Caite in cenel dianad
G^elge acht is bunad ceilli.
amal ata o

fio

i.

Dialt \diu

ball ferda
bunadh? Ni ansa -i- mod cach ferda -i- gach
cach ball
-imbanda
cach
7 todh
7 cach comna ferda
-ineoturda
banda 7 cach comna banda 7 troth cach
;

H4.

amal ata

is

^^-^

e L.

Origg.

iii.

^.air iss ed o coilib E.

"'^ Sg. 20 ii
1:; randaidh T.

14

"5 an

is

lugha de L.

lugu dhe

-i-

ic

5.

9-i

^^ cmcth.b, a.rem L.
'^- a

"^^ a h^eli E.
:

da choit E.

Haidet E.

sluind E.
dialt E.

G^elge
amal ata alt E.
,
,
cheana ciasa bunad Gaidelg is bunad gn1401
iss ed momo lem anu
i4J5
_
cach congaib banda L.

14-57

'^^

mod

E.

-i-

1465

THE PRIMER
Ths

113

a cardinal number, to wit, three or four.

is

These

are the ordinal numbers, hovvever, primus et secundus et

tertius, to wit,

their ordinal

That

as three or five

times, two
is

in prose

and

properly

it

imperfect number, such

they are not multiph'ed from factors.

for

contains one of

six,

three times, three

for

that,

diTerence, an

number, such as

perfect

number

their

names, moreover, according to nature.

their

is

names of

the

twice.

of

consists

factors.

six

it

number

perfect

quite

perfect

number, ut

two

sixth, three its fourth, four its third, six exactly

its

its

thus,

half,

as

twelve, to wit, one

est^

example

for

two, and three, these are six

make
that

ten

and six

part

a factor,

is

Query, how

and
is,

least?

and
for

sense,

syllable,

such
is

What

trod.

those?

dialt,

troth.

So

that

factors through

its

a part, but not every

is

which

is

its inferior limit,

as

But

its

is

superior limit

one

to wit, denoting

Therefore

ear,

or

i,

the origin of

all

Gaelic save viod, tod,

is

o,

the reason

why

Because
is

the origin of
I

in greatest

syllable with a meaning, that

it,

and a thing
is

extend

dialt, syllable,

Not hard.

syllable,

or again dialt

and

does

Not hard.

however, which

perfect
dialt,

one,

after that, these

etc.

far

five letters are in

letter,

factor

twelfth,

twelve, to wit,

in

and for

greater than

is

Every

telling its halves.

its

after that are thus sixteen.

number which

is

is

much

not
all

island.

is

it

each

not an origirt
of them

an origin

for

is

itself,

Gaelic save uiod, tod,

prefer there certainly that they

are not an origin of Gaelic but that

it

is

an origin of

meaning. What is the gender to which it is an origin ?

Not hard,to wit, mod is everything male, viz.
every ma/e
member and every male condition and todJi is everything
female, to wit, every female member and every female
:

condition

and

troth

is

every thing neuter, to

vvit,

which

114

AURAICEPT

BB. 327/3 23

nach neachtardE

.27^54

cach co;/ma nemeguscda

-i-

no dano

bunad Gxe/ge iarum mod

ndat dialta etir 7
dicitur acht
7 dod 7 traet acht ad bunada ceniuil
atat arae sin araile G^elge dianad bunad amal roghabh
nidat

mod

mo

-i-

intan

a ed

mascr/

is

mod

n-airde; no

moo

-i-

od

od ceol 1470

-i-

moo quam

Is

in ceol.

mo

-i-

in ceol

is

lughu amal roghabh ind aidbsi i nDruim Ceata -i- tood

no to od, tse a ed intan as fem^w no tod -i- to od -itod in ceol -i- in ceol bec -i- cronan no certan bec i n:

aith[fh]egad in moir

a ed no a odh

(-i-

in ceol

fri

iarsinni traithait

na ciulu

no cornairecht.

Gne

intan
.

is

torand no

son

aile

is

inni

eli

ciuil.
is

is

isliu

traith

ball

ata na a

i[s]

is

band[a]

Traeth
celi 7 is

neachtarda

n-ai,

"3

treith

is

mo

trrethaid

-i-

7 tod 7 traeth

neudarda

taitiu

is

in dis
Is

-i-

ior

L.

is

asbert

nomen membri
focail Grecda sin 1490

it

nemeguseda B.

ar E.

taiuu)

airi

fod

a fheadh L.

sedh L.

"''

tsen,

""

ciuliu E.

naile

is,

taispenu

(in

modern bad hand) B.

"81

is fet

"

is airdi

L. om.

inas ni

a fh^idh L.

aili is

"""

traeth aspaidh L.

anmand na mball

14^5

anmunda

amal

sin

eili

vel

seadh L.

""9 fodronaile

fod,

tuiu

is

" mo
:

is

traethait, 1480

-i-

a [fhjaidh.

nemeimhidhuseda L,

iwj diana L.
'i moa nas in ceol L.

n-airdi

cruaidhi inas

bindi

as

jn Laitneoir: nomen membri uiri

muileiris vel nomen membri neutri ; J

1-""'

stocairecht

a ed

a ed intan

ta;

intan

airdi

No dono mod

doib.

ferda

Traeth

n-aill.

stocc, fo bith

is

mo

-i-

-i-

araili

a od

tai

-i-

arda

treith 1475

-i-

no traeth

comdis anmand aidmi

Ni ansa. Mo a od intan

Asperaid

Tod

-i-

aill.

fo bith

Caidi a ndemnigud?

cruit.

intan

fet

is

traet.

is

Todh

innas in

taitiu

a thraethas intan

femm

ciuil

mod

no

n-aile

cran.

is

na

isli

Traeth

mo).

is

fedhadh mascail 7

E.

"*^-'

indus

^^'^

membri

eli

L.

uili

L.

THE PRIMER
are

one

nether

condton

nor

other,

vz.,

115

every

impersonal

or agan they are not dialta, syllables, at

and mod,

and

tod^

all,

traeth are not therefore an origin of

Gaelic but they are origins of gender, ut dicitur, but there

are for

that other Gaelic matters to which they are an

all

origin, such as mod^ to

is,

masculine,

i.e.,

music which

Drum
when

is

od,

its

i.e.,

greater the music.

for

is less, as,

Ceat, that

distance upwards

example,

or tod, that

is,

to od,

crooning

comparison with the great,

is

Traeth, that

greater.

weak

is,

is,

its

that

fact

the loud

that

is,

or

when

is

a foetus, and

it is

greater

a tree.
it is

than the other.

whelms vvhen

extent or

its

Traeth,
it

is

the

little

its

music in

or traeth from

distance up

/Another genusX

is,

when

i.e.,

it is

tae, silent its

another sound vvhich

(is)

kinds of music, trumpeting or

Tod, that
,

tod

law

the music which

i.e.,

horn-blovving, overpower the lovv kinds.

or mod, that

is,

its

humming, or

comparison with masculine and feminine

the

is

aidbsi, choral song, in

is,

the small music, that

or

it

greater than the

It is

music, that
in

music when

od^

tood: or to od, tae a ed, silent

s,

feminine

it is

greater

vvit,

mo, greater,

Diod, that

thunder,

law when

more

is

it

silent

they overwhelm, which over-

a whistle

harder than the other thing

because

it

is

it

is

shriller

and

Others

traet {tre fet).

names of instruments of music.

Not hard. Greater its music when

say that they might be

What
it is
it is

is

their proof ?

a harp.

Tod, that

sweetest,

Traeth, that

it is

is, it

more

is,

tai

silent

od, silent its

music

and lower than the

overwhelms the other two when

trumpet, because higher

is

its

mournful

cry.

when

other.
it

On

is

that

Or again mod and tod

names of masculine, feminine,
and neuter members, as the Latinist says Nomen membri
viri vcl nomen membri mulieris vel nomen membri neutri
and those are Greek vvords although it is in Latin that

account

and

it

is

traeth

to

them.

traeth, to wit, those are

<^

^^ 7 -

Il6

AURAICEPT

BB. 327^46

E.

27a6r

ciasu Laitine ata deismireacht dib 7 nac[h] dad dialta, ar nis-

o neoch 7 ni fuilter uaitib acht mine derntar mod

Secundum
for mod 7 tod for tod 7 traeth for traeth.
filet

quosdam cumad etarscarad indsci Isse, issi, issed, iar

Macaib Miled :uindius, uindsi, ondor, iar Feraib Bolg 1495
mod, tod, traeth, iar Tuathaib De Danand. Iss e so tra
:

a cumair (328)

recomrac co bricht

mod

bunad gach Gaed^-^^

is

-i-

bunad he

7 ni

7 tod 7 traeth

7 iar

menma

gach

comtis recomraig

friu

dialt,

7 is

dochuaidh 1500

ar

air fogab<a:r a condaill

No dno mod

caindeligud, ut di.ximus.

-i-

aensillaib amal (rogab)

cach dialt tucad-side sund,

sech

rotathmetaid-side

aire

d'

dialt

-i-

-i-

7 tod 7 traeth a

banda 7 neoturda amal asbert

n-anmand na mball ferda 7

Nomen membri uirilis et nomen inembri muliein Laitneoir
1505
bris 7 nomen membri neutri, 7 it focail Grecda sin cidh
:

Laitin ata desmireacht dibh

ni fil[et] o
for

uad

mod
-i-

fri

tod 7 traeth

Cindas toimsit^r

is

meni derntar mod

Domiditer alta

traeth,
fri

haltaibh na ndaewi

1510

fri

cach insci?

amal ata

cobfhidh, 7

comdeach

at dialta, ar

cach indsce.

fri

frecras-[s]a di araili

intan

fri

toimsiter aisti inn aircetail

amal toims[i]ter

airi

ni filter uaidibh acht

neoch 7

7 tod

7 is

nach

is

corop cach dialt

-i-

tis tuas, air is

ed a chubhaidh

cobfhid in focal ind imfrecra 7

tarmfortcend.

in

"93 fria troth, fria traeth E.

1494-1508

E. om.
uindsi insi ondur L.
"^ tucait T.
"98 recomarcc L.

1495

1501

recomairc L.

1505

gij

1508

1509, 11

1513

ndialt L.

nach

at, ni filet

L. E.

domiter L.

tomaistr E.

coibidh L.

^^^ caindeliugud L.

iLaitin, is aire

formod B.

i500,

coimfidh

i'" intairemforcend E.

^'^^^

freagras L.

7 as coibidh, inimfrecra E.

is

THE PRIMER

117

an example of them occurs, and they are not syllables, for

they are not derived from anything, and nothing

is

derived

out of them save that there might be formed mod, upon

uiod ; tod, upon tod ; and
x/

quosdani,

ing

it is

ajiistinction of speech

the sons

to

of

Milesius

according to the Fir Bolg

the Tuatha de Danann.
this
is,

is

the origin of

from

upon

traetJi,

all

This

He, she,

tod, traetJi,

is,

Gaelic, to

and

have been

set

traetJi ;

down

and

here,

and

it is

condaiil

them

and

is

it

example,

as, for

they

on that account they have

attention

diait, syllable, for

that they are dissyllabic

for their

Or
names of the masculine,

found, to wit, their fair division ut dixinius.

is

again niod,

and

tod,

Nonien nienibri
neutri,

are the

traetJi

feminine, and neuter

membri

it

syllable, that

after every diaJt, syllable,

been mentioned beyond every

directed to

accord-

according to

reconirac, two, to bricJit, eight syllables

niod, tod,

it,"

then, the short of

vvit, diaJt,

not the origin of an individual syllable

was

Secundiini

traetJi.

Uindius, uindsi, ondar,

Mod,

"

members

as the Latinist has said

uiriJis et nonien nienibri niuJiebris et nonien

and those are Greek words though

Latin that an example of them occurs

account that they are not

and

diaJta, syllables, for

derived from anything, and nothing

is

it

is

it is

on

in

this

they are not

derived from them

mod for mod, tod fri to d a.nd

Aita uad, joints of science, are measured,

unless there might be formed

traetJi fri traetJi.

to wit, the metres of the aircJictaJ, trisyllabic poetry, are

measured with the

joints of

men

as they are

measured

with any part of speech.

How

are

vvit,

that

To

they measured with any part of speech

every

diait,

another such as down, up,

the
the

same
same

feet.

may

for that is its

correspond

rhyme vvhen

it

to
is

and the word made to correspond is

and the ending is the same in verse-

in vowel,
in vowel,

syllable,

Il8

Coic
so

AURAICEPT

BB. 328 a l6

sis

remim

hi

fichet

filltigthi

I fitir

Co

Pir a sealbad.

Ar

aitreib.

fer a ascnam.

A fir

1520

Hi fer a innothacht.

a togairm.

Oc

Por fer a

fhir a foxaul.
freslige.

Po flur a fothud.
De fhiur a digbhail.
La fer a thaebtu.
Ar fiur a fresgabhail.

fir

a furmiud.

In

fir

Do

fiur a

fortud.

a tustidhi.

dhanad.

Im

fer a imthimcheall.

Dar

fer a thairsce.

Tre fer a thregdhadh,

Is fer a thuarasgbhail.

Ri

n-'\ar

-i-

fir

(sic),

a tuar- 1530

fir

na fer a shealbad, dona

in sequentibiis.

si'c

Fear ^\diu ebadh a fhidh

diach

dialt a

fiur a remiudh.

ainmnigud, na

[a]

ascbhail, ac feraib a inchosc

feraib a danadh,

1525

lar flur a thiarmoracht.

Prisin fer a thormach.

Fedar dno a

fear a airicheall.

In fer a inchosc.

Sech fer a sechmall.

Fri fer a

guta

amal ros-gabh and- 1515

Per a ainmniugud.

E. 27/3 6

-i-

anma

in

asberar fer

son oencongbalach cen

alt

e a
etir.

Dichongbail and io no iphin a fidh ina remim no ina 1535

shealbhadh intan asberar

fir

-i-

ar bit in dis ina reim io

and amal ata fir iphin and amal ata do fir io amal ata a
iphin amal ata o fhir. Is aire nach airimh ebhadh ina
reim ce beith n-araileib and amal ata co fer, /rl., air ni fil
acht reim ceilli namma in gach baile i mmairend in fhidh 1540
Isna filltib as io no iphin bhis intib
bis isin s\ninnid.

fir

i'i'

hi

i^'8

airchill

1*21

seachis T.

'^^'

a dingbhail B.

rem L.

hi

rreimim amail E.
^"'^

L.
^''-^'

1326

taebthu L.

15^51

ac feraib B. om.

i-'-'-'

gutta L.

a dighbhail T.
^''"^

na

indotacht L.
i'^-*

frerlige B.

fir

a adnad L.

iarmoracht L.
sic in sequentihus

L.
i'='-*3

E. om.

T.

THE PRIMER

119
flections in declen-

There are twenty-five prepositonal

sion, as is exemplified here below
:

Pir

its

I fiur its locative.

Ar

fear

Co fer

In fer

Per

nominative.

its

fir its

vocative.

Sech fer

fhir

advancive.

its

its

its

Pri fer

neglective.

desidative.

Po fiur its fundative.

De fhiur its privative.
La fer its comitative.
Ar flur its ascensive.
Prisin fer

Dona feraib

Now
iioun

which

without

alt,

division, at

Ogham

its

when

two are there

is

invocative.

parentative.

In

fir its

Do

fiur

its

lar fiur

its

dative.

progenitive.

circumdative.

its
its

tresp assive..

Tre fer

its

trajective.

Ri fiur

its

adve rsativc. prC4/VM/AX^ /?

the

it

all.

Two

vowel, in

is

fer

its
its

descriptive.

possessive.

Ogham

vowel of the

e.g.

dialt,

sound

constituents are in io

its

declension

or

in

its

fir, to wit, because the

pronounced

in its declension, io

do fir,\o;

depositive.

its

pronounced fer ; e its vovvel

to wit, one constituent

verse-foot,

possessive,

>

sic in seguentibiis.

dative.

its

or iphin,

^.g.

its

as to feaf', ebad, ea

syllable,

fir its

Nafer

depositive.

its

Oc

Najr

nominative.

its

Ac feraib

ingressive.

may be

Also their plural

Fir

flr its

Dar

Is fer its descriptive.

defensjve.

accusative.

Hi

Ira fer

augmentative.

its

its

its

Por fer

ablative.

its

possessive.

e.g. fir, iphiu, is there,

fir, iphiri ; e.g.

fhir.

It

is

on that

account that he does not reckon ebhadh, ea, as a declension,

though

it

For there
tion

might be present
is

in

where there remains the

in the nominative.

stands in

some cases such

as co fer,

etc.

but declension of meaning only in every posi-

them

in

Ogham

In the inflections

vowel which stands

it is

io or ipJiin that

every place where the nominative does

not remain, so that on that account io or

ipJiin

is

declared

120

AURAICEPT

BB. 328a38

nach mairend conid

in gach baile

E. 27

aire sin a.berar io

iphin a fhidh ina reim no 'na shealbhad

Dinin
it

Arnin, nt
est,

cor

gabhaidh
glonn

est

sron

ler

scribthar

slog

donn

mor

tor

scribtar

fri

realadh fuid

g^ir

no

ut,

arna cuimribh, ut

res,

sic

est,

fer

lamh

(col. /3)

no

ilfoclaig la acuit

Airnin iarum ernid nin

sail

no airnin

no

furail

-i-

scribt[h]ar

sail

forsail

-i-

7 co nach

inchosc na forbaidi sin

omWiud

scrib///rt;^
i''-"'

-i-

ar

acht

io.-)5

i.-)i).i

nt,

sail

is

^ij. js

uin,

ag inchosc

^*'^

(^snp. /in.')

forfuiUiud in focail conid L.

'5""

atberait L.

'-'^'

L.

ar duir

-i-

no

for- 1565

di fo diultad

is

de
aire 1570

ar d[t]us an dine

fil

dishail L.
i5",5 Qr. Lat.

'"" lear L.
iii.

521,

6,

dinin L.

iwcosc B.
''""^

fil

disail

araile

i'*^^

'''"

sech bis L.

'""

dano

na forbaide

no dine

duir

ardiwg dead diarmachd E.

dinin L.

Forsail

duir scribthar ac

is

Asberait

i2 teandad L.

amal

nin 1560

coitcheand

digbail na haimsire toirnes

is

nemfuill;';/<'/.

E. om.

7 sron.

na haimsire do

Dini[n] disail
sail

duir ar dine disoil, air

ardinged L.

1550-76

ain;/;

incosc

ig

duir amal as tormach tormaiges

sin

nin

foruillid in focul r(?ad foda

seach in cumair.

and co nach nin

ceann

fair nin, air is

-i-

-i-

;//

feadaib 7 taebomnaib.

eter
i[s]

gach fenebert
arnin arsen re

for fut bis forsail, 7 i[s] si;;iud

is

forin sail
sail

air

fair

sin ar

in
is

n-aenfocul

dishoil 1555

di;ze

forna fodaib amal

gmib

bis

scribthar ag fuacra na forbaidi sin

litir

circumplex forsna

JxX.,

7 for[sh]aiI

forsail

ri

Laitneoir acuit

in

la circumplex, sech

no araen

'mo. disail

pax

na forbaide-

dobeir in Gsedel

amal

est,

fer

Intan 1550

tennad, ar ni

fri

amal dobeir

uair

est,

chena.

ar

and

forsail,

ut

disoil,

timarta
is

fota,

do gach

glenn

ogai?//

forsna Wabaib cuimre, ut

rogab

dinin

cach

crann

ainm

tuigfidhea cheana

^\S\abaib

air

int

uasu

sea

arnin 7 dinin dishail 7 1545

-i-

arnin arding [d]ed, forsail for fot fedair, dinin

-i-

disail for gair

ut

no

Jr\.

a aicnid lasin Laitneoir

-i-

e teora fuirbhthe dochuisnet

forsail

a forbaidh

disail

21

/3

dinin L.

ar tus L.

''''^

didbail B.

THE PRIMER
Ogham

its

vowel

in ts declension

121

or

in

possessive,

its

etc.

Dinin

which

or these are the three accents

disail, SLTforsail, to wit, arjiin

a long

is

borne

great

glen

ut

forsail,

est,

nose,

sron,

est^

fer, cor,

forsailon

(efifect).

there are written these accents above

host,

slog,

and

tor,

ler,

When the Ogham

words whatsoever.

final

glonn, deed, donn, dun, crann, tree,

est,

dinin disail, ut

exist, to wit, arnin, dinin

compresses a

on a short takes

ditiin disail

E.g. arnin, ut

glenn,

with the Latinist

disail^ its accent, to wit, acceniiis

inscription

them

all
is

short

written

make

to

nidr,

clear

long and short or to express tension, for they would not be

understood otherwise
acute on

the

because as the Latinist puts an

short

ut

syllables,

pax,

est,

and a

etc,

circumflex on the long syllables, ut

est,

puts dinin disail on the short, ut

fer ; and forsail on

the long,

e.g. Idmli,

single dictum of

that

one word,

forsail in

/ therefore,
it is

written to

sail

that accent, for

is

mark

upon
it is

it

that accent.

it,

for

it is

upon a long

a lengthening of the time by

is,

is,

upon

Nin

to all letters either vowels or consonants.

means

too,

is

along with

and srn nose.

or air nin, that

a grave in every

diniii disail or

ceann, head,

is

so the Gael

with an acute or a circumflex,

along with

ut,

purchases

it

that

common

is

est,

and as there

many words

to say arnin

is

hand

rs,

magnifies the word

till

it
it

s that

is

Airnin,

it is

is

n, for

name

Forsail,

written to denote

and there
upon the s: ox forsail, that
becomes long: ox forsail,

that/?rj-<//rests,

beyond the short. Dinin disail,

that is, di, for negation therein, inasmuch as it is neither
n nor s that is written but d to denote that accent, i.e.,
that

is,

because
is

furail, qv^rflmv,

it is

a diminution of the time that

an addition that s adds

i.e.,

unadding, that

why d

is

is,

d denotes,

as

it

or dinin disail, de sin from that^

non-addition.

written for dinin disail

Others say the reason

is

that

d stands

at the

'^

122

disoil, 7 is aire

and, 7
inte

no ut
-i-

schthar nin

alii diaint ail

air nin ar

dinin

-i-

ni aimsir fota

ni nin

no

ni fid acht

-i-

nin

is

di[sh]ail

medon

in

cumair.

Di[sh]ail 1575

forbaid.

is

nemhf huil/^/ no

-i-

fil

seach

deoidh

fo

fl

is sail

aims^;' furail

-i-

27/528

E.

aire scrib///<i:r sail ar forsail ar

is

Dine
i-

AURAICEPT

BB. 328^14

nemfurail.

Alt co fesear cia halt huad dona secht n-altaib

anamain, nath,
dia;/
tir

cona

alta na;?

Anamain

Sedradh

-i-

sain a

no dian

-i-

sed raid

maine

risin aisti

seacht primaisti
foricfa

is

air

is

no

amach

is

Laed

reamaind.

o deacaib

sin

recomrac a

rainde a nduain, 7

no

laiis

-i-

1580

Saine-

Dian
di air
anund -i- ota na 1585
i-

de na deachaibh

ainmniugud doib a

uaidibh

i-

laitir

air set.

ni

is

-i-

onni as

is

no raith

Nath

cumascda.

indsci

adbol an no ni ain.

-i-

o dheachaib sluin-

is

an somain.

-i-

soinemain,

setrud,

laid,

sein inund

no leoaid intan

moladh.

main

huad ar na rob

noaid anair.
iuaitir

eamain,

anair,

nduanrt//^".

-i-

forduain,

gacha

forba
7

iarcomarc

bairdne, ar na rop indsce cumaisci ar na ro[b] prois amal

na ndaerbard.
Lorga fuach -i- lorg ua iocul

1^90

aisti

duine

llamaib

purt do phurt ar na torchrad inna

na lorga

it

he

ic

fosugud o focul co

in so

^"'^

aimser L.

13"

n B.

i"''w

na-

1580-90

biti

''*"'

''''

huad L. B.

nanhuad

E. om.

i-^'*!

imtha

lighi,

a ciallabair no

focul.

immtheacht

og

sesga

portaibh

for

amal bite lorga

\-

is

Di[sh]ail
is

na rob E.
nidh an aor T.

1582

lecaidh (?), aeir L.

1585

abran no ni aon no adbal an T. adbal in domain L.

!*''
recomarcc L.
7 na ro prois L.

1588

^''^"'

.j.

daiwe E.

'''^

no

1595-1(108

Sedraidh, sed L.
:

1-^92

a n-ingenaib L.

E,

0/.

^^''*

laigi E.

is

ciallabair E. T. om.

-i-

filed

rem- 1595

nemfurail L. dw.

fo decaid E,

L. om.

amlaidh

ngenaib na

Lorca fuach iarum

THE PRIMER

123

and the reason vvhy n is written

end in it, and the reason
why s is written or forsail \s that s stands in the middle
of it vel ut alii dicunt, ail, that is, time excess past the
beginning of dmhi

disail,

n stands

for nin is that

at the

Dine, that

short.

Di\sh']ail, that

is,

not a

but

it

dinin, that

Ogham

an

not

is

it

is,

vowel

not a long time or

is,

letter, that
is

an

is,

accent.

di{sk'\ail,

that

is,

non-addition or non-overflowing.

Ai

co

fesear that thou mayest

of science,

mmain,

From

it

lid,

is

of.

setrud,

that onward,

know what

alt huad,

limb

the seven alta, to wit, anamain, nath,

with

soinemain, diatt

it is

their duans.

from verse-feet that alta na huad,

the limbs of science, are named, that

it

might not be

mixed speech.
Nath, i.e., it praises from the front.
Anamain, i.e., n somain, glorious profit. Led, i.e., it is sent
or
or hastened
or leaid, it wounds when it is satire
from the word laus, praise. Sedradh, i.e., path of saying or
:

surety on a valuable.

Sainemain,

special

i.e.,

splendour.

From

metres forth

it

that onward,

is

from verse-feet,

verse-feet that thou wilt find

their

name

i.e.,

and

ni in, something of

or

treasures

Dian, two satires

with respect to the foregoing measure.

or dian, huge and splendid

its

from the seven principal

is

it

it is

something of the

from them they have

at the close of every part of their duan,

and

recomarc of their forduan, and iarcomarc of bard poetrj',

that

it

may

like the

not be mixed diction, that

may

not be prose

measure of the Daerbards.

Lorgafuach, staves of words,

i.e.,

it

as there are staves in the

i.e.,

a staff out of a word,

hands of a man on barren

places as he goes from place to place that he might not

prostrate,

even so are these here the staves that are

reasonable speech

from word to word.

that

is

(?)

or in the

in

fall

the

mouths of the poets halting

Lorgafuach, staves of words, therefore,

the interposition of two syllables between the two

124

AURAICEPT

66.328,336

suigeadad da
bard

in

ba

A
tit

da comuaim, ut Cormac

in

cecinit

Im ba
i-

eter

sillaiibh

.271335

seasach, im ba seang

^rl.

in lorga fuach.

dialt n-etarleme

Cia leth gu

br<2t[h] iar cuairt cros

Cosluidfea mo coblach creas

In ba sair ba siar ri suail,
In ba tuaid no in bodes ?

1605

Cia eter lond 7 leath in dialt n-etarleme

fuach

ba

da comuaim, 1600

aensillab eter in

-i-

est

n-etarleme

dialt

rand

isin

medon

-i-

in

ba.

is

Fertot a thelgud noe

fair, teit

duine, ar

a telgud

-i-

duine, ut est dia nda;//a nae for

cessad

ata lorga

ar

tir

is

nae_

duleice in duine 1610

-i-

iarum dia fothrugud din

uisciu, dolece

don bruch sis isin usce, tot ol in tond fse -i- fa tot dno
a ainm in foghair sin doghni in tond tott tott dano a
ainm forcmachta (no forcumascda) di su, ut est, bu bo
go ged no in guth trom dogni \n dae oca lecon forsin 1615
usce.
O fodhar na genemna rohainmnigthea go go i
fogur, no bu bo -i- tot
no dano arfoem in duine a etach
;

immi o
ero
i-

nac[h] aiHu.

dam

-i-)

ed asb^r-sum

Is

du chele

feartot ar

feartot ar a chele (329)

Aurlond dno ainm

mon

urlandaib-sea

-i-

se

da

-i-

ise

cethre

^^-

ar cuairt L.

1603

gug^ \^^
i

i'^i^

{hogar L.
i

icio

is

suidi fertom

gmina

1620

so.

ind adarc

dub

bis

amlaid arsisidar in

no dona deich n-

urlanda ferinsci sin

-i^

(-i-

-i-

remsuigecad B.

Translated, Anceiii Ii: Poftij,

p.

94

dulceiche in duine gesat E.

n- uisciu doleiced on bruch sis isin usce dobert o lin tond, fothrath

dano a ainm E.
1616

i^o-J-s

ised

isi

briathar chesta sin

i^

imtha

tri

^^^ remsuidiuchad, da sillaebaib L.

1611

briathar

fris,

d' oreill gae

gai, is di arsisidar in gai,

indsce don trediu-sa

frit,

suidiu L. E.

1*^ E. oin.

!"

forcumachta L.

i^i''

arfoen B.

ferthoi fertoth ar
1''"

mon

formachta di suind E.
arfoem E.

arfaen L.

du ceihu E.

gse ar

is,

1^'^

l.ferte

imtha samlaid L.

dam, give me

THE PRIMER
Cormac the bard

alliterations, as

ba seang, etc,

ba

iin

i.e.,

cecinit

Im

interloping

its

s^llable,

beat

my

narrow

fleet

Shall

Shall

it

be east or shall

Shall

it

be north, or shall

Cia between lo7id and

interloping syllable

it

it

be south

is

letJL

nae

man,

man

middle of the stanza,

bank

viz.,

in

of

flinging

man

man,

on

suTer

land,

on him, he goes afterwards

suffering

allows

its

the water, he lets himself

down

for
i.e.

to

the

wave under him, i.e., tot

that sound which the wave makes tott
onomatopoetic name, or mixed name

into the water, tot saith the

name

vvas the

then,

tott,

noe,
if

est,

tit

himself in

bathe

the dialt n-etarlenie, the

and lorga fuach, staves of words, and

telgud

its

tot,

is

the

ba.

Fer

one

be west for a short while,

dialt n-etarleme occur in the

and

ivi

side for ever after a course of crosses

To what

ba,

is

syllable between the two alHterations ut est

ba seasach

the lorgafuach.

is

n-eierlenie,

dialt

125

from sound,

of
its

is

///

est,

the bu of cows, the go of geese

or the

heavy voice the man utters dropping himself on the water.

From the sounds of birth have been named go go in
sound, or bu

garment
then says

that

to

serves thee, quoth thy

is

me,

takes his

What he

i.e.)

it

companion

serves

to thee,

an active verb.

urland, haft,

wit, the bluck

it

is

horn that

which the spear

he, she,

give ye

(i.e.

else.

a passive verb, feartot quoth his companion to

him, this

Now

it

some one

from

man

again, the

or

tot:

i.e.,

him

fertoni

is

me, feartot
is

b,

about

rests,

the
is

name

for

spear-bed, to

round the spear,

even as gender

rests

it

men.

That

is,

that on

on these three,

or on these ten urlaind, to wit, s he,

three, cethir four

is

d two,

tri

these are urlanda, prefixes,

126
ise

-i-

in fear,

no urlonn

da

da

-i-

fear, tri

.27^345

tri fir,

-i-

reimmi

indsci slondud

-i-

ceithri

amach.

-i-

cetliri fir

baninsce o

Si di teora cetheora urlanna baninsce andsin.

di mnai, teora

-i-

ceitheora mna.

sci

ut dicitur

da

fear

No

filed

Et

olchena.

Im

[it]

tri

n-ilar

deimin

is

a
i-

tri

1630

-i-

da nem ut

dow

dicitur

ferindsce 7 banindsce 7 1635

a coic gu hogfegad na

-i-

fiche

gne

saerda

gne serda catead a n-araide foraib?

filltech?.

ed a

Is

e so a n-araide, a

oen dibh

lin

tri

?
i

Berait ecin, 1640

n-uathad

7 a

In fichi gne saerda prosta

is

do dec dibh i forgnuis ainmneda

forgnuis genid/i J togartada, a secht

forgnuis tobz/'tada 7 foxlan

mnedha

ilair

na hai

conad a se amlaid.

7 ainsida, a
i

i-

dibh dochum a ndilis fen

ae

dealba

uair

-i-

reim

ua;//ma

re

in fiche

berat cach

urland indsce

fiWtigt/ii fichet
ffilliud

teora mna, ceitheora

Conige seo corp ind Auraicepta.

demindsce.
Coic

-i-

Fri hurlainn ferindsci

demindsci a n-urlandaib

7rl.

Is

ed a cheann.

is

-i-

Is

immorro urlanna coitcheanda

ed immorro urlann demind-

It e 7 at iat

eter banindsci 7 ferindsci.

asntaigis

1625

nach indister seach a ceathair.

Is aire

in bean, di

ferinsci 7 baninsci 7

Inunda immorro urlann ferinsce

deiminsci.
sin

AURAICEPT

BB. 329$

no aon dec dibh a'ndelb ain- 1645

a ndelbh genid/i J togartada J

a ndelb tobartacha J foxlacha -i- tri fi][l]ti a n-uathad
7 ainsida 7 a

fer, flr, ic flr

tri

a n-il^r

tri

^^^ slondud L. E.
i2v

uama

yg

1639

Q iichenela B.
iilar,

16 a
'643

L.
:

olchena L.

samlaid L.

viii.

E.

foxlan E.

i8-8 E.

om.

16J6

genidi-, togorw L.

16*^

foxlaii,

a ndeilb L.

na

flr,

reimhe E.

1627-36

ri-emim E.

1638

i2

fer,

reime L.

Inund ainm L.

i6;j7

na

. om.

na

flru..

In

THE PRIMER
of masculine gender, to

two men,
is

vvit,

zs

man, dd

he, the

is

it

men

three men, cetJwi four

trt

127

or urlond indsci

a sign of declension, masc, fem., and neuter,

and fem, urland

Therefore they are

Si

same from that

not mentioned beyond four.

are, hovvever, the

Masc.
onvvard.

she, di tvvo, teo7'a three, cetheora four vvomen, are

feminine urlanna, leading vvords, there.

Is

it

i,

she,

is

the vvoman, di tvvo vvomen, teora three vvomen, ceitheora

vvomen.

four

and

It

they are, however, are

iat,

it

common

urlanna both fem. and masc.

ever,

neuter urlann, ut dicitur,

is

it

vvit,

two heavens,

indsci, that

is,

masc,

///

it

is,

his head.

is

masculine urland, again, neuter coincides

to

Is ed,

With

urlanda^

in plural

two men,

hovv-

Or urlann
and neuter gender. Thus far

dicitur,

fem.,

etc.

the body of the Primer.

Tvventy-five prepositional flexions in declension, that
is,

five for full

consideration of the poets in flexion while

composing the

ai,

And

besides.

the

them

characteristic of
to

their

ovvn

poem

twenty
?

Do

proper form

they are inflected forms.

of

them

and tvventy

They do

This

that thus there are six of them.

it is

kinds,

artificial

species

what

is

they each of them conform

is

in the singular, three of

prose sorts,

artificial

certain that this

them

As
is

necessarily,

their

in the plural,

to the

for

number, three
twenty

so

artificial

their characteristic that

them in the form of nominative and

accusative, one of them in the form of genitive and
vocative, seven of them in the form of dative and ablative
or eleven of them in the form of nominative and accusative, and three of them in the form of genitive and
vocative, and three of them in the form of dative and
there are tvvelve of

ablative,

three

As

to

i.e.,

three flexions in the singular fer,

of them

in

the tvvelve flexions

flr,

ic flur

na fer, na flr, na flru.

of them that pass into the

the plural

128

AURAICEPT

BB. 3^9^27

da fiUiud deg dibh tiaghait

it

e andseo a

Ar

n-anmand

forgnuis

7 ainseda

ascnamh

fer a

1^^^

co fer

seacli fher a sechmall

ainmneda

-i-

[fh]er [a] airceall;

inotacht

E.27^54

[a]

for fer a fortudh

fri fer

imthimcheall dar
a freislige la fer a thaebtu im fer a
tregdad
fer a thairrsci frisin fer a thormac/i tre fer a
;

is fer a thuarascbail,

?//

dixit poeta

Tiaghait

foxlada,

fothudh

immorro

fiur a fresgabhail

ainseda,

forgnuis tobartadha 7 1660

oc fiur a furmidh

fiur a dgbail

do

lanbhrec,

tiaghait

fiur a aitreibh

fo fiur a

iar fiur a thiarmoracht

ria fiur a remid, ut dixit poeta

na seacht

Is iad so

Nit

ar

fillti,

1665

ernaili admillti,

Tiagait

655

forgnuis feda

Ainmneda ocus
secht filltigh

da iUtech deg,

Is iat sain

Anndar leam nocho

Na

ngnuisibh glana

Tobarta ocus foxlada.

Oenfilltech

immorro

ut dixitpoeta

teit

forgnuis togarthada 7 gen////,

1670

In fhir a thustidhi thiar thair

Do

sealbhadh do thogartaidh

Ocus doibh ar ^n ni ric

Acht mad int asn don fichit.

gne saerda cona n-aradnaibh

Is iad sin in fiche

indotacht L,

""'

i'i-"'"

Andar L.

^'"**

:tco

fiUtigthi E.

i'K-

1*^ sin L.

in fer B. L.

a timchell E.
^"''^

seda E.

^"^^

foxlan E.

^*^'^

Ni

teid L. om.

togartacha L.

16-1

doselba E.

thogartaig L,

1*'^

co n-aradnaib E,

^*^
^*'
^'^'^

sin L. E.

aiwsera B.
i"*'-'

fuirmiud L.

hernaili L.

i8

i'''"

7rl.

remidh L.

forgnuis L,

decc E.

ismera E.
:

remud T.
^'^'

is

a tuisdui E.
7

doib archena ni r[i]c E.

E.

::

THE PRIMER
form

and

nomnative

of

129
these

accusative,

are

their

names here
ar fer
1

fer

for fer
la fer

its

im

trespassive.

fer

its

frisin fer

tri fer its perforative.

iit

its

neglective.

fri fer its desidative.

invocative.

comitative,

its

advancive.

its

seach fer

ingressive.
its

dar fer

co fer

defensive.

its

its

circumdative.
its

augmentative.

is fer its descriptive.

dixit poeta

Twelve

flexions are these

Which methinks are not quite deceiving,

They pass into the letter form
Of nominative and accusative.

The seven
of dative
i

flexions,

however, that pass into the form

and ablative are

fiur

its

fo flur

locative.

its

fundalive.

iar fiur

its

progenitive.

ria fiur

its

precessive.

oc flur

its

do

its

flur

ar fiur

its

depositive.
privative.

ascensive.

ut dixit poeta

These are the seven

flexions

Which are not kinds to be

They pass into pure forms
Of dative and ablative.

One
and

flexion,

however, goes into the form of vocative

genitive, ut dixit poeta

Infhir

its

parentative to

For possessive,

And
Save

These

are

destroyed,

the

to
it

time

them alone there comes not

be the one form from the score.

score

characteristics, etc.

all

for vocative,

of

artificial

forms

with

their

130

AURAICEPT

BB. 329a44

Fer

ebadh a

'idiu,

shealbad

/rl.

is

-i-

fid,

no iphin na reimim no 'na 1675

io

idad inna selbad 7 ina thoghairm.

immorro ina thobartaid 7

immorro ina n-ainmnidh 7 'na ainsid.
iphin

Cate diles fedha

fidh

fedhaibh?

fedhaibh, 7

Diles fedha

riasna ceithri g\xth.aigib, ar

gach mairb.
secepe

fid

amal ata

Dilis fed
i

is

fidh

feda

Is

Euad

foxlaid.

ii'^a

dilis

fidh, 7 dilis

fedhaibh cetamus

-i-

a 1680

cetlabrad cach bi 7 iachtad

dno

DiHs

scribthar.

is dih's

-i-

fidh

forfdh as defogur

in

28a5

E.

-i-

in forfidh ogaivi

fedhaibh

(col.

-i-

/3)

ed as diles and in

is

1685

foghur tuisech, ar ni airimhtear in fogur dedhenachT

Alt co fesear

co festar in n-aisti dona seacht prim-

-i-

ellgibh na ^Mdeachta do

du deachaibh sluinter
i-

ghne do thomhus.

o sin inunn isna degfhuachaib

aisti airchetail ar

na rabi

O sein inunn

is

uad ar na badh insce chumascda

alta

-i-

in indsci

is do dadfocW^ sluinter
cumascda amal dogniat 1690

na c^rhaird.

Lorga fuach

-i-

lairce lorchaine

remshuidigthi de-

-i-

s'iW^baig biith riasna foclaib ica sa;rad ar da n-ernail

rogair 7 claenre (no claen

celle).

Ferthot a thelgud noe.

sin tria eladain

i-

fer rothoit

rancdar na

and

on geimim nobeth

1675

J
7

-i-

Et bu bo
filid

do

go ged

reir

-i-

a fogair

ho a uerbo boo no buo

-i-

anmand
-i-

fertot

fogmigim

i-

ged go mbadh on geig gotha oher

euad E. ina reim L.

togarmaig L.
1678 ainmnig, ainsed
L.
1680.1 LL. 188*17
1682 oge- sechephe
E.
1685
airm airmit/;' E.
(jjj^

1676

1686 .j. (-0 feiser

ar na bad E.

1689

jg (j^^ js (ja

1692

lorghaine, do ^iAabaib biit E.

109V

V.

L.

1688

]3o

239, 6

.i.

dagfhoclaib E.
i-

lairci

i"*'

no lorcaime T.

cumudh on buo T. rathoith, fogrugaim E. Gr.

16"**
ged ge mbad on geim nobeth, nob^r as E.

Lat.
:

el-ad E.
ii.

6,

nobeiredh T.

1695

; ;

THE PRIMER
Now

man, ebadh, ea,

as to fer,

io

or iphin

to

wit, idad,

iphin, io,

in

declension,

its

however, in

is

or in

its

Ogham

its

possessive, etc,

possessive and

in its

is

i,

however, in

131

vocative.

dative and ablative.

its

vowel

It

is

Ebad, ea,

nominative and accusative.

its

What is proper of fedha in fedaibh, of fedha i fidh,

and ofdh i fedaib ? Proper of fedha i fedhaibh, a vowel
among
for

vowels,
is

it

sigh of
a

in

the

vowel,

Dilis

that

be

fidh

Dilis

two vowels,
for the last

to wit,
is

vowel,

is

the

is

in

Ogham

the

what

all

is

and the

living

last

proper of vowels

i fidh,

proper

fedhaibh,

vowels, to wit, such

fed

proper

is,

the fid,
in

before the four vowels

expression of

deceased.

all

whatever

to wit, a

first,

first

Ogham

which

written.

among

vowel

is

diphthong
is

it

diphthong which has

proper there

is

the

first

vowel.

not reckoned.

i.e., that it may be known whether it is a

metre of the seven primary combinations of poetry as

Alt

co fesear,

From

regards measure,

that

onward

it

is

by

that alta, limbs of science, are expressed that

verse-feet
it

might

not be mixed speech, that

is, from that onward in the

by good words the metres of airchetal
are expressed that it could not be the mixed speech

good words, that

is,

such as the Daerbaird use.

Lorga fuach, staves of words, that

is,

Idirce lrchaine, full

comely legs, to wit,disyllabic interpositions that stand before

the (alliterating) words, saving them from two kinds, to wit,
rogair, overshortness, and claenre or perversion of sense.
Fertot a telgud noe,
gd,

its

man-throwing.

names these which through

invented according to their sound.

has fallen there

and

sound, that

b^

And

bu b and go

science the poets have

Fertot, that

is,

man

cow, from the word boo or buo

would be from the gint, roar

and gd, goose, would be from the goose - voice which
\fio(ii\, I

is, it

:;

132

BB. 329/3

AURAICEPT

14

E.

nobeth, amal asbert n Laitneoir

ass

factiun est

forcaemnacair

--

connall stip

ed a fogur

is

No\i)i\n de sono

anm don fogur ut

int

loscudh.

ica

28a24

1700

de sin ranic

Is

do anmaim do icon Laitneoir.

Amiond no insce dno d' oreiU in gai

est

stipitla

erlonn saerda fogabar conad aicniud

int

Cate

in gae.

insce bais

gai

remlonn

urlainn urlainni

nemurlonn
i-

n-urlonn

nem no

si, di,

ilair

ceand

air is saerda a

immorro a radh

16I9

20*^1

femen

oca acht

^' oireiU E.

fogaba E.

1-08

dotis L. E.

^"'^^

in

nem no
if-

in

so sis

Inunna

radh 7 se

ilair

airme

ansa.

recomhracach

3,
:

Cate
ed in

Is

Is aicenta

for in duine.

1720-

isna

remendaib

gebes

is

ureill

0'Molloy Gr.

T.

1""
int iffern E.

1" iarnasbuai;/ E.

i^

in

7 as aitreib

conall scip scip E.

xvii. p.

i'0

L.

tregdad

18

do

"'**

-i.

170: no E. om,

graindi L. E.
"'^ fer E.

ferurlonn L.

nem

no

intif-,

comrorcai T.
"^^

1715.

neodair

n-uathad tantuni.

Ni

da,

se,

insci

iarna buaiw de.

Gr. Lat. v. 308, 10

1-

ind

n-urlaind

greim na ceithre n-ernaili du remendaib

1703

nem no

Cate urlonn 1710

urlunna a ndis

treghdad ar geibit arin ocul

- Origg. xvii,

fris

haenfocul

5g

fir

fogabar co n-aicned?

saerda

-i^

cach ndedenach

airiall.

teora, cetheora.

insce

focul as

in

urlonn int urlonn

is

andsain fogabar comrorco

Is

cena urlanna

ingrecus

-i-

urlonn ferurlonn banurlonn

-i-

masc/

ilair

o sin imach.

Cia

iar

iarlonn 7

is

urlonn

-i-

n-\ei'n.

thri, cet[h]ri

is

iarlonn 7

is

urlainni hen in

Aurlunna

i-

remlonn

rosaig lar ind

intan

-i-

aurlonn

int
is

urlonn fadesin iarlonn dotess, ar

-i-

conid he sin int urlonn

is

Cate

urlonn 7 int urlonn

is

Caidi

Erlonn

aurlonn indsci do nach asand insci acht 1705

int

graini in gae.

-i-

int iarlonn

ainm.

is

Ni ansa.

with punct.
ilair

del.

under

ondair E.

duna E.

t,

B.

andsin L,

THE PRIMER
it

factuni
ut

est,

est,

said

stipula has

come

to

name

to be the

for

de

sono

the sound,

sound as

connall, stubble, stip, that is its

Thence

Nomen

name has happened

the

i.e.,

has

Latinst

the

as

utters,

133

it

burns.

it

with the

Latinist.

Then
is

the

is

the aurlonn

is

artificial

Not

found to be nature?

What

haft.

What

spear-bed.

for the

which

as to aurlond, haft, or insce, speech,

name

erlonn,

haft,

it is

The

hard.

spear-

of speech, from

indsci, haft

The
which groweth no speech, but speech of death ?
VVhat s the aurlonn, haft, which is iar lonn,
spear-point.
which

after blade, the after-blade

which
is,

blade, for iar

is

final

so

will

come

that that

after

haft,

when

remlonn, before blade, to wit,

is

nriaitmi in urlond?

What

Urlonn, that

word, mas., fem., and neut.

urlunna, the two

in

the

is

and the urlonn,

blade,

after

the airiall reaches ground.

that

itself

everything

is

which

the haft which

man

and the haft

haft,

remlonn, before blade, to wit, urlonn, haft, that

is

the spear, to wit, haft

urlonn, haft,
is

is

are urlonn, urlainn,

is,

urlonn, haft, leading

urlainni, the wife of the

urlond,

i.e.,

in

heaven or

in

hell.

The

urlunna, indices of gender, mas. and fem. plural

are as follows

(mas.) s

are the same.

It is

neuter, to wit,

its

singular tantujn.

Not

with nature

to say "

while

it

to apply "

"

it "

to

What single

d,

tri,

cethri

(fem.) s :

d,

that

not having urlanna plural but in the

What

is

hard.

" It " is

it is

it

onward the genders of number

there is found an error of the plural

From

teora, cetheora.

artificial

speech which

the head, for

on the man.

It is

it is

is

found

artificial

natural, however,

after striking cenn off him.

disyllabic

word

in the declcnsions will

take

the place, to wit, the eTect of the four partsof declensions?

The word

perforative, for

it

includes the words perforative,

134
7

AURAICEPT

BB. 329/3 37

innuttacht 7 as ascnam

aitreib, ni bia inn atreib

ar ni bia in tregdad cen

cen

28a45

E.

(i;/<^)

inutacht 1725

in 'mnotac/i, ni bia int

cen inn ascnam, conid tregdad o thuind co tuind teachtas.

Cia bricht

greim a
i-

mbit ocht feda ocon

leithi

co ngeb int aenguta

filid

est sli-//ta 7 is ogleith in sin ni certleath

a haenar a

na

n-agaid

secht

Cia

litz'r.

inn

baili

Auraiccepta ata in sealbadh saerda cen reim acht reim 1730

remraiti, ut

JT alme

est,

"f"

alme

-i-

selbhad ata do

in

-f- forin TT 7 for 7".

Cia

baili

Ni ansa.

Cia

uinge.

na n-ocht
i

fogabar comtoth consan cen tinfed treothu

In baili
baili

mbi n

ria

g cen

fagabar in fidh forthormaigh iar forbu 1735

Ni ansa.

sillab isin focul is bricht?

mbia defogur

gutaigi eturu, ut est

ochtmad

isin

dialt

In baili

forthormaigh

fidh

is

indara fogur.

Ocht ^xWaba dno

isin

focul

fiannamaile-(33o)-chardaai
focul

is

is

tre

mo

focail 7

taebomna

Ni ansa.

Abecedibon

i'2-j

cen in intitacht B.

1""^

in sin in B. L.

"-"

adaid B.

^"^'

Gr. Lat.

^"''

ruidlesta L.

^'^

cf.

Quinct.

bodesin L.

cona

taebomna?

Ni ansa. 1745

aipgitir?

per

se

-i-

ata isin

fialus.

bunad o

fil?

indotocht L.

oglet L.

/;. Texe,

!"'

viii.

is

ni bia in

7 is

Ni ansa.

"-"

iii.

E. om.

i" xii

indara focal L.

sili-

ruidlesto E.

ix. 4, 59.

fuil

E.

Gr. Lat.

ii.

6, 15.

Onni

66, 23

164, 17

"'" littrch E.
^"'s

litir

fodesein, cia

littir

Uath.

copulatio literaruvi

-i-

comhthinol na

Ocus

7 focail

Cia taebomna na geib greim feda no

Oueirt.

Cate bunad ruidles[t]a in ocail

aipgitir

est,

dec immorro in 1740

isin Laitin, ut est, tenerificabilitudinitatibus.

Cia taebomna gebes greim feda

Ni ansa.

Gaed//", ut

isin

sillaba

ata in L.

ita in

E.

L.

THE PRIMER
and advancive

locatve, ingressive,

135

the perforative

for

not exist without the locative, and the locative wiU

will

not exist without the ingressive, the ingressive will not

the advancive, so that

without

exist

What

which holds from end to end,

Ogham

stand eight

letters

sliachta,

to wit,

and that

alone

it

is

bricht

is

in

it

which

according to the poet wherein

the one letter will contain the

est,

perforative

is

it

of half of it? ut

force

a virtual half, not an exact half,

is

against the seven

In what

letters.

place of the Primer stands the artificial possessive without

rhyme save rhyme

s,

of vowels only, ut

the possession which a has over the

In what place

Not

b.

Where n

hard.

no vowel between them, ut

In what place

ounce.

and over

found a couple of consonants without

is

a breath through them

before g, with

uinge,

Ogham

found the augmenting

is

stands

est,

vowel after the completion of the eight syllables

word

Where

Not hard.

bricht ?

That

la ba ?

est,
1

in the eighth syllable,

in the

a diphthong wiU stand

one of the vowel

is

an augmenting

vowel.

There

are

ut

Gaelc,

eight

form

however,

syllables

the

in

word

biggest

the

biggest word

Thirteen

jiannainailechardaai.

est,

in

in

syllables,

Latin,

ut

est,

tenerificabilitudinitatibus.

What consonant
and consonant

will

Not

take the force of a vowel, word

hard.

What consonant wiU

Q.

not take the force of vowel, word or consonant?

hard.

Not

H.

What
alphabet

is

Not

literrtini

the peculiar

per

se,

hard.
to

of the

origin

be

wit, there

ce,

dibon,

exists

in

word

aipgitir,

i.e.,

copulatio

the alphabet a

collection of letters with their relationship.

And
it

is?

as to letter

Not

hard.

itself,

From

what

is

legitera,

the origin from which

to

wit,

name

for

AURAICEPT

BB. 330a8

136

as Ugitera

ainm

tighi araili

F. 28 a 62

anmand

aitrebas

traigh

mara dianadh ainm Molosus 7 gbeadh neach atchi tegh- 1750

anma sin foillsigter do fis cen eledain. Am<7/i[s] se

dhais in

iarum

faillsighthi eolais 7 fessa

amlaidh sin as

sin, is

do neoch

anma

tighi in
littera

a litura

remraiti for
-i-

on

do

fis

J faiscin

is

littera

o ainm

gach

baili

conid airesain tugadh int ainm

littri,

aiscin in tighi

st faillsighthi eolais

in

littzr

foillgiud

-i-

ita.

No

1755

on chomailt doberdis na

harsata forsna claro ciartha, ar intib nacetscribtha leo

no

litera

-i-

inteach legind

-i-

Do bhunadhaibh

set legind.

na remend andseo

Injliasca di fedaibh 7 deachaibh

sis.

remendaibh

1760

furbhthi 7 altaibh 7 inscibh 7 etargairib amal rosuidigthi

la filedu ina scuili

cetna robhadar 7

la

Fenius Farsaidh

iar

tebiu na Gaedelge asna di berlaibh sechtmogat. Co taiselbad

do Goediul mac Angein ar is e sen dorothlaigh tepe na
(j2.Qd.elge

-i-

int aenberla

ba

aiIhV^

ba camiu cach berla 1765

conid aire fognith 7 conid iarum dotaiselbad conidh aire

dogairther Gxdeic 7 Gaidhil. Nel (no Nin) mac Fenius
dothuc Scotai ingen Foraind conidh dia ainm-sie dogairther
Scuit.

Fer a ainmnid

uathaid.

Fir a shealbad uathaid.

Do fir a radh n-uathaid.
In fer a inchosc uathaid.
A fhir a thoghairm uathaid.

O fir a oxail uathaid.

Og fir a thurmeadh uathaid.
^'f
^"''1
"^^
"!^
:75r,

'^'Jf'

^"'^

1'

anmanna

sin,

'^'^

n"i

flru a inchosc

ilair.

a thoghairm ilair.
O feraibh a oxlaid ilair.
Oc feraib a fhuirmed ilair.

i"8

"

1770

A fhiru

i"'"
nolusus T. cibed L. : gibe nech E,
cech ealadan L.
ind a.nmanda. E.
faillsiges eolus E.
fessa L. E. om.
faicsin L'. E.
'"''
do fhiss 7 do aicsin E.
o anmaim L.
on ainmnigthi E.
jigj L.
in anmanda L. E.
a literatura A- on foillsiugud (no on fholliudug) E. Virg. Gr. p. 7, 10
ar is intib L.
"** legitera E.
rosgribtha T.
leang -i- set leai^ L.
^^62 i rrabatar E.
forbhaibh T. fuirbtib L. E.
na nGaedel B. tebi na Goed- L. : teipiu naGoed- E. tairillfed E.
dorathaigh E. Gaedel L. ^'^' na nGaedel B. ba hillemh, caimem L.
i^edoaiselbad L.
rotaiselbao'do E.
Goedelg 7 Goedil L.
"''9 friu
dofuc, Scota L.
dia hanmaim-sein L. E.
E. adds
1770-1807
ainmniugud, na ir L.
cf. Stokes, Goidelica, 72-4
Do fir a selbad ilair L.

in

"64

Inna

ondi ailigt- E.

i"63

Pir a ainmnid ilair.

fer a shealbad ilair,
Do feraibh a rad n-ilair.

Na

1775

THE PRIMER
a certain animal lair that dwells

on the seashore

named Molossus, and whosoever

animal, to

him

Therefore

as

knowledge

for

and sight of
to him, so

name

the

is

it

is

way

anyone

of

the

sees

[in litore]

lair

of

that

revealed Unowledge without study.

revealing

for

wisdom and

to see that lair, so the

letters is

that

137

way

Unowledge

revealing knowledge

for

on that account the name littera from

is
the lair of the animal aforesaid

applied to letter in

every

where

place

it

occurs.

Or

is
from litura, rubbing, i.e., from the smearing,
from the rubbing which the ancients used to apply
to the waxen tablets, for thereon they (the letters) were
Or litera, i.e,, path of reading,
first written by them.

littera
i.e.,

i.e.,

way of

reading.

Qi the origins
The beginning

of the declensions here below.

of

verse-feet,

letters,^

declensions,

and comparisons as they were

the same school in which they

accents, intervals, genders,

established

and

dwelt,

by poets of
by Fenius Farsaidh

Gaelic out of thc 72 languages.

Goedel son of Angen,

to

the

selection

of Gaelic, to

for

the selection

after

Hence it
was he
the one

language that

it

wit,

of

was attributed
that

desired

was more beautiful and excellent than any language,

so that for this reason it used to serve, and therefore it
was attributed, so that hence Gaelic and the Gael are
named.

Xel, or Nin, son of Fenius

Scota, daughter of Pharaoh, so that

was who married

it

it is

from her name they

are called Scots.

Per

its

Pir

its

Do

fer

In fer

nominative plur.

nominative sing.

Pir

its

possessive sing.

Na

fer

Do

feraibh

its
its

A fhir its

dative sing.

its

accusative sing.

Inna

vocative sing.

A fhiru

O flr its ablative sing.

Og flr its depositivc sing.

firu

possessive plur.
its

its

its

dative plur.

accusative plur.

vocative plur.

O feraibh

its

ablative plur.

Oc feraib

its

depositive plur.

138
Co

AURAICEPT

BB. 330a4l

fer a

ascnam uathaid.

E. 28/3 24

Co feraib (no co flru) a ascnam

Sech fer a shechmall uathaid.

Sech

seachmall

Tre fer a thregdad uathaid.

sech

(no

feraib

ilair.

flru)

ilair.

Tre feraib (no tre

flru) a

thregdad 1780

ilair.

I fer

a inotacht uathaid.

I flru (no

a feraib) a inotacht

I fir

a aitreb uathaid.

I firu (no

a feraib) a aitreb

Por

fer a fhortud uathaid.

Por

ilair.

ilair.

no for feraib a fhortud

firu

1785

ilair.

Fo

fhir a fhotudh uathaid

Tar fer a

Pofhiru no

ilair.

Tar

thairrsci uathaid.

fo feraib a fhotud

no tar feraib a

flru

ilair.

tharrsci

ilair.

Ar

flr

Ar

a fhrescbail uathaid.

flru

no ar feraib a fhrescbail

1790

ilair.

Pri fer a fhreslighi uathaid.

Pri

Peron a formoladh,
Peer a mhallrughudh.

Per a chodad.

Ser a chendfliochrus

Pel a chendfhochrus deidh.

flri

no

feraibh a fhreslighi

fri

ilair.

Refer a delidhmi.

tuis.

Ni airghear a dhiabhul

-i-

Sofer a shaerughudh.

Ni airecar a urard
-'/forsna firu
~J

firu e

Peraib a

fera.

aurisel.

firu (?/tresna

1800

isna firu et seach na

firu (col.

E,

Dofer a dhasrughudh.

-i-

fona

1795

Pirini a ludhughudh.

ferfer.

(8)

a lorga fuach.

Pefrier a chonnail.

sech fer a

es, in, co, tre, tar,

dlalt n-etarleime.

Pe

Pertot a thelgad noe.

Ni

aricar (a) arichill fuit

no

dechnead, Pe a dichneadh.

onnar a urlunn

Ceand
fiacail

a airchill calaid.

feir a airchill fuit,

Ise, issi, issed

lanamain

in

a^Jhe demi tebidhi

chid.

Srebann

illraig

E.

1''

cotut E.

1'^

deilidnim (?) E.
\ygrie.x, firim- E.

^'"'

ceimfocrus

1^99

forna E.

]89

lanamoin E.

1*08

a deimhi E.

Perr a 1805

uinnse, unnse,

indsci.

cridi fulang

1'-^

1796

tar,

in fhir.

cru

Suil 7

lanaman

deid E.
1^ thshelgad B.

THE PRIMER
Co

fer

Co feraib

advancive sing.

its

139
(or co flru) its

advancive

plur.

Sech fer

Sech feraib (or sech

neglective sing.

its

firu) its neglec-

tive plur.

Tre fer

Tre feraib

perforative sing.

its

(or tre flru) its perfora-

tive plur.
I

fer

ingressive sing.

its

firu

a feraib)

(or

its

ingressive

plur.

I flr its locative sing.

I firu (or

For

For

fer

attestive sing.

its

a feraib)

its

locative plur.

firu (or for feraib)

its

attesti\e

plur.

Po

fhir

Fo fhiru

fundative sing.

its

(or fo fheraib) its

funda-

tive plur.

Tar fer

Tar

trespassive sin<

its

firu (or tar

feraib)

its

tres-

passive plur.

Ar

Ar

ascensive sing.

flr its

firu (or ar feraib)

its

ascensive

plur.

Fr fer

Fri firu

desidative sing.

its

(orft'i feraib) its

desidative

plur.

Feron
Feer
Ser

its

its

Ferfer

Fer

hyperbole.

change of
its

Fel

initial.

reduplication,

is

its

inversion.

change of final.

its

Pirine

not

hardening.

its

Refer

retarding.

its

diminutive.

its

found.

Sofer

its

Fera its

Dofer

ennobling.

exaltation,

And, on,

its

Feraib

not found.

is

enslaving.

its

humiliation.

'neath, through, in,

past the men,

its

staves of

words.

Fefl-ier

From, out
across,

past

its

internal division.

through,

of, in, to,

man,

its

interloping syHabie.

Pertot

its

Its theft

Perr

its

Pe

man-throwing.
of a long

doubling a

is

final.

Ise^ etc, he, she,

Head, heart
attributes.

its

not found, or feir

it,

Membrane and gore

tooth

theft of a long.

Fe

its

its

prefix of gender.

cbi^sbitiiii^g ,the

Eye and

theft of a hard.
is its

losing a

final.

man's ^b'^ neuter selected

the

the couple

couple
of

the

of the

head.

heart.

(The

140

BB. 330 p

AURAICEPT

(lanamain in sxQhuinn
i-

ruaidi

7 dergi)

28^32

lanamain

7 glaiss,

Lurgu

cridi.

in chru 1810

traigb lanamain

Gene dno na lanamnaide deme

ind fhulaing.
i-

bi;me

-i-

in

E.

-i-

ebrachtur

abhrochtur (no 'vnccned) 7 malu, lanamain (no gene)

na

sula.

Croiceann

Bu

lethet

lanamain (no gene) na lurgan.

7 feich

tond lanamain

(-i-

lanamain (no gene) na

gene) na traiged.

na lanamaide demi a forbhthi,

gein forcomeda

is fair

est,

amal rogabh

dereadh gan urgabail

cnaim mullaich

mbi

>

is

1820

Dinin

nn-airdi.

isin feoil.

Is

thosuch gu

Arnin amal roghabh

fii^d,

ri^

hai

nad 1825

fo

int airnin lasin focul

deoidh arding in

focul.

sin.

Bean.

{Incipit bandialt.)

1830

mna.

na mban.

o mnaibh.

tria

do

oc mnai.

mnai.

mnaa

bein,

do mnaibh.

mnai (no o

oc

mnaa

bein).

(no oc mnaib).

a bean.

sech mnai.

a mna.

sech

1810

Origg.

xi. I,

76-7

isi:i

Origg.

xi. I,

42

mnaa

'**"

Origg.

"i'

no leathar
Margin B.

'*"'

domiditer E.
i8:!o-52

(no sech

^f.

xi. i,

mnai.

tri

inmbein(no inmnai). co mnai.

inna mna.
co mna (no co mnaib).

^*-"

1815

fo cosmaillius alta duini

Ni taidbet dno

fochetoir forsa tochradar co

Ferdialt gu

fut 7

lasin focul o

genat lasin duzwe fochetoir, uair

doniter alta huadh.

[fh]ir forsail 7 is leis

cnuicc 7

gene

ailmne for gluw, 7;/mta

ga;/ airditin.

leicni

gein ixxcometa.

[7]

arrad feola 7

fuil

amlaidh dinin dishail co ngaib

it

gne dochuisnet
'1

hi tri

annuas ata gai ind

fochetoir geindir as do beolaibh

disail biit

it

gein daghchometa

Gein orcometa cetamus, u

samlaidh, ar

air

Alailiu dano,

fiacal.

Lith

for

mna

(no

mnaib\

(no mnaib).

mnai.

1835

formnaa (no mnaib).

[aib).

tar mnai.

mna-

tar

mnaa (no

"

115

i^.

tond T.
In tiasga

i'S^'7
dij

Stokes, Goidelica^ V- 74

mnaib).

.de E. om.
isind fheil T.

bandialt andso

sis

T.

THE PRIMER
couple of the udder, that

couple of the gore, that

and

foot thc couple of

eowrelat ed

neuter,

and eyebrow,

of the

Root and breadth,

In

feet.

for there are three 4ttm5 that are in

against.

Gem

with at once

it is

Dinin

blood, which

the

flesh.

is

stretching
leicni

forsail,

first,

and

lips in

it

for

warding
ut

is

est,

from

it

there-

length and in

use as, for example, fuil

in

flesh,

and blood which

is

to

end

without

Arnin such

as

arresting

it,

without

cndivi mullaich top bone,

jaw-bones, cnuicc knuckles, and find hair, and those

that do not originate with

man

at

first,

for

under the

ness of a man's limbs are limbs of science made.

Iike-

Now the

arnin does not at once appear with the word on which

falls

so that

it is

at the

end that

Masculine declension thus

it

woman.
women.
to a woman.
to women.
the woman.
the women.
O woman.
O women.
of the

it

compresses the word.

far.

Incipit feminine declension.

of a

in

thus that dinin disail permeates the word

It is

it.

disail are

along withy^J//

beginning

from

for

cap on knee, similarly, for on

produced out of thy

accents,

existence, one

for

above stands the spear of the true

loudness.

its

good warding, and one

forcomta, for warding upon,

aibiine for gh'in,

the

surface

another respect, too,

these are the pairs of the correlated neuter,

warding upon, one

"IfM^nJ^

Skin and sinew the

Activity and

couple or pair of the shins.

pair

f^

i.e.,

(or iincahtead, treating super-

the couple or pair of the teeth.

i.e.,

Leg

A-pai:, too, of the

ciIiously) couple or paif-of the eyes.

couple,

the

redness and crimson.)

eyelashes

is,

eyebrow

abhrochtur, upper

hWartdsteaaJet

is,

is,

^pp orfeing

that

141

from a woman.
from women.
with a woman.

Woman.
through a woman.
through women.
in a woman.

with women.

in

unto a woman.
unto women.

on a woman.
on women.

woman.
women.

women.

past a

over a woman.

past

over women.

/4^erMlrtl

142

AURAICEPT

BB. 330^30

28^51

E.

mna

benon a formoladh.

no

ben a codut.
been a mallrugud.
neb a delidind.

ni airecair a dhiabul

a lan.

ciasberat araili

ben a oen.

benine a lugudud.

ben a

soben a saerugud.

lan.

Mna

benna).

Forsna,

(benaibh).
lorga fuach

o,

Be

airicill fuit

no

ni airicar airicil

airichil

(-i-

fuit).

-i-

-i-

mna

n etarlemi.

dialt

Ni bhi a 1850

calaid.

Bel a cennfochrus.

Be a dichneadh.

a deichneadh.

airisel

sech na

ben a

do, sech, for, in, is

1845

nn-uathad

Ni airecar a

aurard.

7 fona, triasna, isna,

Bentot a thelgud noe.

Benn

aurard (no

ni airicair a

n-ilur a

bhi

ni

nach lan ina dhiabul.

befrien a chondail,

doben a daerugud,

1840

-i-

benben.

Cich 7 glun a

ndemi thepide,

fair 7 sridit

a Ilanamnai

AlmnE

ecsait

lanamnai

No

he a ngene a forbthe 1855

ngeni-side.

Cnaim

7 feoil a ngeni-side.

hit

blass 7 millsi

glulm.

in

amal rom-ebhartmar.
Bandialt conigi

sin.

Incipit

do deim-dialt andseo

Nem.

Nemon

sis.

Nime

formolad.

a cotut.

Neem

1860

mallrugud.
nem.

na nime.

oc nim.

tre

do nim,

oc nimibh.

tria

do nimib.

co nem,

for

nime,

nem.

nime

for

n-nem,

(no

nimib).

nem.

a n-nem.

co nime.

n-nime.

tar

inn nime,

sech nem.

n-nim.

tar nime.

o nim, o nimib.

sech nime.

n-nimib,

fo nim, fo nimib.

Nefriem a

chonnail.

Nem a

a lugugud (no a diab/).

Nem

oen.

Ni

fail

'^^^

cia asberat E,

^***'

aurard

1848

triana E.

^'^''

et irridit, blaiss

185

remhebatmar E.

1^'

chomail B.

condail E.

(!

mna) E.

1859-78

E.

a lan.

1865

(331)

Ni airecar

saerugud, nach

^**^"

mna

i*^'

canaim B.

(-i-

bene) E.

cf. Stokes, Goidelica, p. 74

^* a diabulug^a', fil E.

THE PRIMER
benon
ben

been
neb

its

hyperbole.

hardening.

its

reduplication, to wit, ben-

its full.

ben is not found.

Though some say that

inversion.

not any lan in

is

ben

its

unily.

duplication.

ben

its

fuU.

benine

enslaving

its

singular, that

is,

its

through,

exaltation

is

Mna

past, on, in,

'tis

vvoman,

Be

man-throwing.

does not exist, or

change of

its

Benn

is

its

On, under,

not found.

lorga fuach:

fuif)

(i.e.,

its

Pap and knee

final.

not found (or in the

theft of a hard.

airicil

final.

ennobHnir.

from,

to,

Bentot

interloping syllable.

its

re-

in the plural its exaltation.

benaib

past the vvomen,

in,

losing a

its

there
its

diminutive.

its

soben

benna).

Its humiliation, to wit,

its

mna

its

beft-ien its internal division.

doben

its

or

retarding.

its

its

143

Its airuhill fuit

not found.

is

doubjing a

Bel

Be

final.

its

their selected neuter, fair

bearing, and sridit the passage of milk from the breast,

their

couple

taste

and sweetness, their

their

Or

pair.

we have

these

are their pair,

Cap and

pair.

Bone and

hollow of knee, the couple of the knee.

their

flesh

accents,

as

said.

Feminine declension thus

far.

Incipit neuter declension here below.

Nem
ing.

heaven.

Neem

its

NemSn its hyperbole.

Nime

its

harden-

retarding.

of the heaven.

at heaven.

through heaven.

on heaven.

to heaven.

at heavens.

through heavens.

on heavens.

to heavens.

unto heaven.

into heaven.

over heaven.

the heaven.

unto heavens.

into heavens.

over heavens.

the heavens.

past heaven.

in

heaven.

under heaven.

from heaven.

past heavens.

in

heavens.

under heavens.

from heavens.

Nefriem
full.

Its

its

internal division.

diminutive

is

Nem

its

unity.

Nem

not found, norits reduplication.

its

Its

AURAICEPT

BB. 33la3

144

Nimib

daerugud, nach a aurard.

fuach

Ne

a thelgudh noe.

airichill

Ne

nem

Nel

Nemdialt co

foxlaid

fer.

for

fer.

wein ind

Ni

bi

Nemm a deichnead.

ondar, uinnsi, unnse a 1875

is

deiminsci

dath /

he a fuirbhthi a ngeni.

it

fer.

inchosc

in

fliiur.

flr.

thogairm

imthimcheall

fhear

fhiur.

fear.

fir.

ascnam

fhorthudh

tharrsce

airchelladh ar fer.

im

rath 1880

threghdad tre

aitreibh hi fhir.

fo

fluir.

fuirmid oc [fh]iur.

flr.

fhothudh

shelbad

fer.

sechmall sech

fresghabail ar

cia fer.

i-

no

inotacht hi

ise

isi,

Ni fognse

im thalmain.

neiii

1870

sin.

co fear.

in, co, es,

est,

tuagh nimi a lanamnai demi

:

ainmniugud

fhiur.

calaidh) ut

(-i-

est,

tit

Ised,

airdi a ngeni-sen

do

do,

[Ni] airecar a deimi tepidhi, ar

erlonn indsci.

airichill

Nel a chennfochrus.

a dichneadh.

fadhesin.

nathrach,

fuit).

(-i-

o,

sech na nime a dhialt n-etarleme.

fo, for, [d]e,

no

29ai2

Forsna, fona,

a airsel.

tresna, isna, sechna nime, a lorga

usT?,

E.

tar fear 1885

frecnarc

dighbhail di

fhiua?.

Doformaighet alaile dano a tri frisna hii sin a dighbhail

den flr; 7 a thuarascbail -i- in fer; 7 a tustidi in flr
:

acht

inunn a dhighbhail 7 a fhoxlaidh

is

thuarascbhail

inchosc

inund

is

is

inund a 1890

thuistiudh 7 a

shelbhad.
Incipit

do ernailibh

in

Atat da aithfeghad
n-inni
bith.

thoirni 7

imchomairc

for

imchomarc

Atat ceithre

in so

imchomarc

sis.

imchomarc

iar

n-airbhirt nan-airbirenn 1895

iar

ernaili fair

-i-

-i-

meit 7 inni

7 inchosc 7

i" tuad E.
in tuf- E. : tus- B.
1878 dath
7 airdidi, a ngeni-si, a ngeine E. : a ngeine side T.
i"
i86
1880-92
fuirmtigh E.
lairecar B.
cf. Stokes. Goidelica, p. 74, 5
i^ frisnahai sin E.
i'i
1'
tindtudh, Finii E.
in B.
E.

iS'i

i*''^

e E.

im

isas-itt

Based on Gr. Lat.

iii.

459-515.

L.

^*''''

o>n.

nonnairbirend T.

Aftery?z/'(i892) E. gives Thomas O'Connor's poem, paitly illegible here, but

printed in 0'Molloy Gr. xiii. pp. 137-9, beginning
Beithi senar dom laim deis,
Is luis dis, co conndeices,
Fern triur, sail cethrur, gan col
Ocus nin cona cuiger
:

THE PRIMER
not

does

ennobling

Nimib

exaltation.

unto, out

theft

man-throwing may not

Its

hard, nt

of a

est,

cst,

There

airichill

no

nemm

final,

neuter

its

bow

Cloud and

and

Nel

ne

final,

height their pair, or

Ne

serve.

its

its

gender.

their accents

is

of

final.

Its selected

neuter

neuter couple:

its
it

change

losing

its

itself

is

it

heaven

of

in,

inter-

heaven about earth.

fiiit).

for

to,

its

of the water, or poison of

prefix of gender.

its

it,

found,

not

is

(i.e.,

doubling of

he, she,

Ised, etc.,

nem

nein ini tJiabnain

a serpent, nt
is

from,

past the heavens,

of,

its

On, under, through,

staves of words

its

under, on,

of,

loping syllable.

enslaving, nor

its

humiliation.

is its

past the heavens,

in,

nor

exist,

145

colour

that

are

their pair.

Neuter declension thus

nominative

Its

do

fhiur.

advancive

Its

co

fhir.

tar fear.

trespassive

im

Now

fear.

descriptive

its

privative

the

same

same
as

Its

its

is

as

dative

Its

flur.

Its

fear.

Its

locative

Its

fir.

fundative fo fhiur.

ar

ascensive

flur.

Its

circum-

Its

Its privative di flur.

others add three to these,

its

is

Its

Its interrogative cia fer.

defensive ar fer.

dative

ingressive hi

Its

fer.

attestive for fer.

Its

oc

sech

neglcctive

Its

fir.

vocative a fhir.

Its

depositive

Its

fhitir.

fear.

tre

perforative

hi

possessive

accusative in fer.

Its

ablative

Its

far.

Its

fer.

in

fer;

and

the same as
its

accusative

its

its

parentative in

its

ablative;

and

den

flr;

flr

but

privative

its

parentative

its

descriptive
is

the

possessive.

hicipit to the divisions of analysis

There are two views of

ing to the meaning

method which
size, quality,

it

it

uses.

is

analysis, that

this below.
s,

analysis accord-

denotes and analysis according to the

There are four divisions of

denotation, and accent.

it,

to wit,

Analysis according

146

BB. 331

AURAICEPT

28

ci

Imcomarc

aicnead.

iar n-inni thoir;^^

na n-ocht

far 7 cethri primthoir;;^'^

fona

cenmota comacomul
comacomil

ceilli

folaidh

airmhi

adasramed

laighet bis isin focul.

maithiusa b- fond
indsci, in indsci

no

Is e int

focul.

rann

ferindsci

ndsci

no

in

indsci banda,

-i-

Masa rann

is luitficis in

ferindsci

-i-

mitrix

ferdha,

indsci

is

pater

-i-

\.2LX\.aiste

o nim ainmnigter.

7 tres diall 7

neodair

athair doib uiH

is

dhula.

n-uili
est,

caeluin

-i-

-i-

Maso
neam

Is inni in
diall 7

cetna diall 7 diall

cuiced diall 7 ran;;

se;/,

Is

in rece in

atat cethri ranna fuirri

i-

seacht n-airm 7 seacht n-acenta 7 secht ndescena a dheiscin

iar ceill 7 iar (col. /3) ceniul 7 iar

nguth

7 iar

mbreithir 7 iar

Na hocht T.

^*''''
iimna T.
comfhocul (no comaccomul) E.
1901 cowmocl, gn- B.
cimf/T. gen^ E. ^'*''- folu, aigenta. Is int aicne T.
'^'"^
1903 adasramed E.
Et masat T.
Gr. Lat. iii. 465, 32 ataraimhet T.
i'-*'"
i'jos
Origg. viii. II, 61. muimmech B.
jYiasa ban T.
^"ii
i9io,ia, 17 int uilegc<?/E.: chinel T.
Gr. Lat. iii. 494, 26
1-J14
Patruig T. Gr. Lat. iii. 506, 7 ^^^^ dimbeodaigthe E. ^" gn^ it uile B.
1920 rand
Is in ris an primthorund.
Is i in rece in fothorund.
7 reis 7 rece.
primtoraind isin inrecce ind fhothor E. primthoir- B.
In fothoruind hi sin T.
^"^^
19-20-5
n-airmhe, deicsina T.
phe whole passage is corrupt
liw^
gn- B.
iar ngn- E.
cinol T.
1'*''''

aicne, toirne, fothoirne

T.

^*^^*

^^

fothoir-B.
cobhfliiilte T.

1915

neoturda dochuisin dar beolo

ceithreamad

In fhothorrt';/<^

athair

-i-

femin

[I]ssi in [res in] primthor<7;;<;/.

7 res 7 rece.
fothorrt;;^^.

indsci dimbeoaighthi, ut

lasin Laitneoir, int uile gnr

pater

est,

iit

Dia Uilichumhachtach, Athair na

is

-i-

gne masc;///

uile

dochuisin dar beohi nduine

nduine

Maso banmuimech lasin

in deimindsci.

uili

lasin Laitneoir, int

dhemindsci

indsci cate

indsci coich in indsci, in

est^

iit

in

gne fem/;/da dachuisin dar beolo duine 1910

cenel sin, ar is nutrix is bhuimeach doaib uih'.

Laitneoir, int

Maso

baninndsci no

hisin

met no

in

1900

inchosc co fester coich 1905

indsci.

Maso

defir eter raind 7 indsci.

fester

anma

aicned

int

-i-

co fester in inni uilc no

in inni

cuirp

Is

met co

in
Is

in

he gabair

comshuidhigthe

cetfaidhi

aicenta.

7
Is

uili.

fothoir;/^(?

It

fothoir;/^/.

7 comfhilltighe 7
ceiieil

Atat ocht

29^45

conid ocht primthoir^z/? samlaid,

primthoir;/(a'/^

iv

E.

1920

THE PRIMER
which

to the qualty

ordinate parts in

signifies

it

147

There are eght sub-

and four primary parts of the eight

These are included under the four

it,

subordnate parts.

primary

parts, so that thus there are eight

besides

conjunction,

and

in

species, perceptions of

That

number, and accent

soul, substance,

which they have

is

to

body,

the accent

is

That is the size,

word might be

been reckoned.

all

smaUness which

that the size or

compounds,

and

derivatives,

wit, conjunction of sense

primary parts,

in the

That is the quality, that it might be known whether

it is a quality of evil or
good that underlies the word.
That is the denotation, that it might be known of what
known.

innscc

whether gender or part of speech.

it is,

what

part of speech,

speech.

If

be gender, what

it

feminine, or neuter gender?

to

female

wit,

If it

gender,

If

ut

the gender? masculine,

is

be feminine gender,

it

nurse

is

that

them

to

male

is,

genus belongs

that

lips,

If

all.

gender,

ut

human

neuter that passes over

the

human
the

the

lips
first,

rann,
first

aspects

gender,

with

father,

the

lips, it

be

neuter

neuter

species

from

gender,

heaven,

caeluin,

est,

nem,

there

seven
according

and

res,

tale(?),

Rece

is

are

four

accents,
to

the

fifth

is

parts,

to

seven
species,

is,

the

over

Quality

declensions,

Res

rece.

subdivision.

and

sense,

with

heaven.

and

that

passes

that

second, third, fourth, and

verse,

pater that

is

Almight}' God, Father of

is,

it

named

division.

subdivision

numbers,

ut

whole
is

that
If

gender,

Latinist,

is

all,

elements.

lifeless

and

them

to

the

all

pater,

nutrix

for

masculine

the whole species of masculine, feminine, and

Latinist,

father

passes over

nutrix,

be

it

est,

to

with

nurse,

nutrix,

est,

the Latinist, the whole female species that

human

be a

the difference between part and

is

In

wit,

seven

aspects,
voice,

is

that

its

verb

148

BB. 331

labradh.

Is

fi

AURAICEPT

do comachomol

in

gotha

E. 29

na breithri

/3

sin 7

1925

labartha asait ernaili imchomairc.

Finit.

Trefocul in so amal rocumsat na baird J na patreni

i-

Cen comman.
trefocul cen
dona 1930
dallbhach
Cen
n-ecoir.
Cen comsiudh. Cen dichur
Cen ellach duna ellgib. Cenmota oenellar//.
dallbaigzA
Cen tar. Cen tamall. Cen fai^l^i co cuibdius. Cen faicXf ''d
cuail

cen chuihdms.

Cen

cnam.

Cen a

craip cainti.

focul frisin n-aprait

frisuithi.

fil?V'

Cen imsechfaidh indsci. Cen asneis for araile. Cen ecna.c/i.

Cen x or 1935
Cen ecnuadh. Cen scath dofarce cuitbiud.
Cen saebsuidhiugud dialt ic frecra d' iarcomruc nan-se.
urd bairdni. Conach in ceath'^rcubhaidh cummait baird.
Cona friortud tecta forna focla masa oe congabhthar amal
i

asbert

Trefocul tachraid

No (mar

filz'/.

so) ita trefocul

cen chlsen, cen rudraigh, cen 1940

cen rogair, cen dimbrigh, cen forbrigh, cen ecnairc fri

regnazrc, cen uathad fri ilar, cen ecenel, cen ec[om]uaim,
rofot,

da locht deg na hirlabra in sin.

Dia nditen-sidhe cethri cenela fichet-i- co[r]raib ann a

cen ecuibdius, cen anocht

i-

formoladh, a codut, a mallrugud, a diabul, a deilide;/, a oen, 1945

a lan, a lugu^^^d, a saerughudh, a daerugud, a aurard, a

dhichneadh, a dhoichnead, a chonnail, a chendfochrus, a airchill fuit, a airchill calaid, a thelgudh noe, a

airisel, a

urlonn insce, a hinsce mod, a lanamna deimi, a demi thep1950

idhe, a ngen-side, co ndath 7 tothucht, co tomus fri fidh
da bhrithre 7 in da urlabrad T.
imcomraic E. T. ends with a poern of which the
Origg. ii. 18
second line is ac fiadn- ni himurscel.
1928 Xrefocul tacraid filid andso sis rocumsat E.
r~
^^^ cual, cinti E.
i23-40 Arch.
cf. Origg. ii. 17
P. iii. 293
'">'''
heillgib E.
hellgib L.
19S0 comsimuJ E.
cellgib B.
^**='^
'932 faicit co, aicitcen E.
imsechbaid, ecnach E.
1924
1925

ijj

cf.

casn saebuidigud E.
dofairce E.
,,
i,
i^'^ forthudh E.
Cona aichni cet[h]:ir cuala i cumait E.
i^-'
i-*^ ecomud E.
andso indsin E.
19 cloen, rudrach, roat E.
^"^" dochned, condail E.
i^-*"^
19" corab and E.
deibide E.
^**^ ^ ngen-side contath i- tothocht E.
1949
jnod E.
19-35

1937

THE PRIMER

149

and language, It is for conjunction of the voice, and that

word, and language that the divsions of analysis grow.
Finit.

This

irefocul as the bards and the patreni

is

devised

it,

to

wit,

have

heap of bones,

without

trefocul,

(?)

without cramping of diction, without plagiarism, without

sameness, without banishing ornament, without one of the

one of the

dallbach, without

save a single ellach^

ellach,

without disgrace, without pause, without rhyming accident/

without unrhyming accident, without

word which Qny^

-their

call frisuithi, withottt-^-egularrepetitioi^'Crf -detion,.

poets

without narrative on another subject, without blasphemy,,

)i

without detraction, without a word that exceeds derision,

>

without metre

{ae)

on non-metre

{an-ae),

without wrongly

placing single syllables to answer as a trisyllabic word in

the use of bard measure, so that there

not the four-

Ije

rhyming quatrain which bards compose, so that there be

no violation of law upon the words
is

kept up, as he said

Or

Trefocul

is

if it

be a measure that

Trefocul poets plead.

without wrongness, without too

many

rhymes, without an over-long, without an over-short, without want of emphasis, without over-emphasis, without an

absenttoa present,withoutasingulartoaplural,withoutfalse
gender, without false alliteration, without false rhyme, without error, to wit, those arethe twelve faults of composition.

To guard
there

its

against these are 24 kinds, to wit, corraih

hyperbole,

reduplication,

diminutive,
its
its

humiliation,
internal

theft

of

inversion,

its

its

ennobling,
its

its

prefix of gender,

its

enslaving,
final, its

change of

its

theft

hard,

of

Jiiod

its

retarding,

singleness,

its

its

losing

division,

long,

hardening,

its

speech,

its

its

full,

its

exaltation,

doubling a

initial

its

or

final,

final,

its

its

man-throwing,

its

its

neuter couples,

its

selected neuters, their pairs, with colour

and properties,

l^r.

A^

150

AURAICEPT

BB. 33ii3 26

7 dech,

reim 7 forbad,

E.

alt 7 insci 7 etargoire ar

29^24

cach cenel

labartha dotuisim ar beolu duine [dohuisimar L.], ar

is

dealt domiter recomhrac, a recomrac domiter iarcomrac, a

hiarcomrac dno
luibenchosach,

feles,

a feles domiter claenre, a claenre domiter

domiter

luibenchosach

cldiiemnas domiter bricht

claldQmnas, a 1955

arcomititer alta uad frihaltaib

in duine, ar ita coic alta sescat ar tri cet in duine, a coic

sescat ar

tri

cet aisti archet/l, J coic laithi sescat ar tri cet

isin bliadain 7

a coic sescat ar

conastacmaig tlacht
Trefocul tacrait

du luibibtre thalmain

cet

tri

1960

in trefocuil de qiUbiis dicitnr

filid.

Trefocul tacrait filid

Do didin a n-indligid,
Ni mo na lucht cuibrind clan/
Di neoch tuirmim notuigeand.

1965

Sceith ocus gnuisi glana

Aincit lochta linmara,

Immar roscum Adna

ogh,

Ni tarba gen a tintodh.

Da

anocht deg

derb libh

is

1970

na fih'/;
main nocho n-fuair Etai,

Dlegait a

fis

Rofuaigh aib inn

aircelail.

Da

sciath dec is da ghnuis deg

Roordaigh dia n-imchoimet
Na lochta cen lomrim lac,
Da da comlin noscobrat.

1975

Na

gnuisi diten ^Xhr

Cotut is En rv?ich aimger,
Saerugud dasrugud des,

Na

lorga fuach fria firmhes.

1951

etargairi cen 7 ce a lus labartha E.

i*'''^

dohuisin dar L.

douisiumar

air

^"''^

E.

recomarc E.

Q{ the 5i3 Jewish precepts 365 are negative, which Rabbinical

anatomy declares to be the number of the sinews veins or small vessels in
the human body.
They equal the days in the solar year and are governed by
i95<!-60

365 angels.

The Zohar,

19" Ir. Texte,

iii.

v.

66, 8

the Jewish Encycl.

i.

565

980

THE PRIMER
with

measure

regards

as

is

trisyllable

human

produced on

syllable that dissyllable

verse-foot,

letter,

and comparison

accent, interval, gender,

of speech that

151

is

lips

for

and

every sort
it

is

from

estimated, from dissyllable that

estimated, from trisyllable

is

for
;

run,

in

turn quadri-

from quadrisyllable pentasyllable is estimated, from

pentasyllable hexasyllable is estimated, from hexasyllable
syllable,

heptasyllable
is

estimated

is

estimated, from heptasyllable octosyIlable

for

the limbs of science are equal to the

limbs of man, for there are 365 limbs of man, 365 measures
of poetry, 365 days in the year, and 365 herbs through the
earth, so that the ^pf=otection of the Trcfocul encompasses

them, de quibus dicitur :

Trcfocul poets plead.
Trefocul which poets plead

To defend

their lawlessness,

no more than a burden of a children's part

From something, I reckon, which thev undcrstand.

Is

Shields

Ward
As

and pure countenances

off

many blemishes
Adna has devised them,

perfect

It is

no

Twelve

The

profit

not to turn them.

" errors,"

poets must

it is

clear to you,

know them

Etain has found no profit of them,

She has woven the beauty of poetry,

Twelve shields and twelve countenances

She has appointed to guard oneself against them,
The blemishes without a weak bare rhyme,
They succour them with double their number.

The countenances

of defence which I shall mention,

Hardening " and " singular " that are not unsharp,
Right " ennobhng," " enslaving,"
The " staves of words " for true measurement.
"

''

Origg.

iim >^j

ii.

17

j^^Q ^j^

iw j^Q
i'*''"*

''"'

""'"

cuibrim B.

cuibri;/<J

tucand L. nos-iuigind E.
roscum Agna og E.
Ros-fuaigh K.

:imair

L.

d'imditen H. L.
(craind) E.

''"'"

lochtii L.

'""'-'

Eadain L. E.

'"*'

Saeruidhir daerfuidir deas E.

152

AURAICEPT

BB.33I^44

E. 29.342

Dialt n-etar/(?OT^ n og,

fuit, is fir on,

AirichiU

AirichiU calaid, ni cam,

Cendfochrus

1985

tuis ria thodall,

dechnead tuis tair,

cona modhaib,
dara gnuis deg dil,
Is
Urlonn insci ria hairimh.

Dichnead

tuis,

[mod

Ins[c]e

L.

Na

sceith ditin fon

Formolad

is

Fuaradar

Da

1990

domun

mallrugud,

senfilid sain

deilidin

is

condail.

A lan ni lan cen bunad

A diabul, a lugugud,
Memur

fri

fliorard,

199-5

cach sobard sen,

a fhoriseal.

Airmim telgud nve co nneim

Ocus cendfochrus derid,
Dichn^/ derid (332),

is

2000

docair,

Dechnif/ deirid degfocaz'/.

na da sciath deg,

Is iat sin

Eolaig ica n-imcoimet,

Is na da gnuis deg rodet

Na

ceithri fodla fichet.

Na

filid

na

2005

fitir so,

Ni muin fedm eicsi forro.

Cindas fhailgit a n-ulcu ?
Cindas aincit anuchtu ?

2010

In n-aengnuis no [in] ensciath ard

Icas ar cach locht langarg,

No

in dias im cach locht rolad

Ni de bias olc dia imrad.

1^'

a rtirichiU E.

1988

mod,

Is iat E.

i'-^

Is

calaidh,

in L.

i'-''

camm

E.

L. sorbad B.

''0^^
gnius B.
Follow 1989 E.
^i" In oensnuis no censsfiath L. E.
densciath B.

V002-5

^*-^

thadall L.

2002

da L. E.

tadall E.

gnuis E.

THE PRIMER

i55

" Interloping syllable " entire,

" Theft of a long " it is true,
"Theft of a hard," it is not wrong,

"Change

of initial" for

its visitation.

"Apocope of initial," "doubling

"Afod speech" with its modes,

of initial" iu front,

It is a twelfth dear countenance,

"Prefix of gender" for recUoning

The

it.

shields of defence throughout the world

Are " hyperbole " and " retarding,"

Ancient poets have found out those
Two " metatheses " and " internal division."
Its

"fuU"

is

not fuU without foundation,

"diminutive,"

Its "reduplication," its

A memory

bard

to each noble old

Its " exaltation," its "

humiliation."

reckon " man-throwing," with venom,

And "change
"Apocope

of final,"

of final,"

"Doubling of a

troublesome,
good word.

it is

final" of a

Those are the twelve

shields,

And

learned are in the habit of olDserving them,

the twelve countenances which have been granted,

The

four

The

poets that do not

The

Is

it

divisions.

know

this,

on them.
can they conceal their wrongs ?
can they ward off "errors " ?

No_back

How
How

and twenty

to essay poetry

is

one countenance or one

lofty shield

Which saves from each blemish fuU rough,

Or the twain that are thrown around every blemish
Not thence, from considering it, wiU harm arise.
^'

Re

n-aichni re n-imcomet

In tres rand re rem cen choU

ted tall(?) in Trefocul.

^'-'

ar cach L. E.

^'

Ni de L.

Ni

Trefocul E.

deas, re imradh E.

154

AURAICEPT

BB. 332a7

e. 29 (356

Cip he chanas cona cheill,

Tria intliucht n-amnas n-acbeil,

2015

Is duiligh is is docair

A tuirim

Trefocail.

in Trefocail.

Trefocul in tri focail,

Fis a ruine is rodocair,
Tricha ar a se cose
Fritha tria gne nGaedilge.

Da

2020

anocht ar a deich dib,

Ni cubaidh cen a comrim,

Nit carit a daini dam
Scarait maini for molad.

2025

Claen atberim dib ar tus,

Im

eolach ina imthus

Ni hEnchloen acht it tri claein,

O nach saercsem (cach saerchaem B. adds) cach

2030

serlaid.

Claen creiti rochuala cach,

Im rannaibh ni ba rognath,

Re

taeb

cach duilghiusa de,

Claen cuibdiusa, claen ceiUe.

2035

Clen crete ni clen cen cheass,

Is at

deich millti milles,

Taibgit fiach in molta amaig,

Da sciath corcra 'na chomair.
In clcen cuibdiusa

is

cubaidh,

Da

2040

gnuis riasan gliaphudair,

Ocus da sciath 'na ndegaid,
Nocho liach a Uandegail.

Da
Is

sciath, da gnuis in gelli,

ed ainces claen ceilli

Cobigi

celli,

gan

col,

2045

Is ernail di anacfl.

^'5 int intlecht L.

'-'^^'

tre

^^

-*^

Am

-*-'*

caraid L.

carait E.

L. Ni oenclsen acht

it tri

gne E.
Imeolach
L.

cloin B.

-'^--

me

daoctorE.

na n-imtus E.

Ni haenclasn acht

a[t]

tri

clain E.

THE PRIMER

I55

Whoever he be that sings with his understanding,

Through his intellect rough and dangerous,
and it is troublesome
account of the Trefocul.

It is difficult

To

talce

Trefocul.

Trefocul the three words

A knowledge of its

secret

is

very hard,

Thirty-six up to this point

Are found through

its

species of Gaelic.

Twelve " errors " of them,

It is no rhyme vvithout their common metrics,
No friends to me, O men, are they
Who separate rewards from praise.

A wrong
I

am

It is

them

tell at

sUilled respecting

not one wrong but

From which
Of "wrong

my

the outset,

it
it is

every noble lay

of

three wrongs,
is

not nobly

fair.

body" everyone has heard,

wiU not be very usual,

Besides every difficulty therefrom,
A "wrong ofrhyme," a "wrong of sense."
In

"

verses

it

Wrong of body "

It is

They

Two

is

ten injuries that

not a wrong without doubt,

it

injures [works],

levy a debt of praise outside,

purple shields over against

it.

The "wrong

Two
And

of rhyme," fitting are

countenances against the clear defect,
two shields behind them,

Not mean

shields,

It is

that which protects " a

Is

^-''*

their full protection.

Two
"

j):w

is

two countenances of the cheek,

'*^'

in

meaning

"
;

a species of protection.

nach saercam cach saerlaid E.

Retaeb gan E. roiaeb B. rothseb L,
'-'^"
fiachu E.
gle pudair L.
na deguid L.
geilli E.
:

-'"'7

wrong

text of sense," without sin,

-'"*-

nirbo E.

'*''**

isa x.

-''^-'

riasin

E.

glanpudair E.
'-'"

as E.

dia L. E.

156

AURAICEPT

BB. 332a22

Da

3oa7

ernail ainces rudrach,

Co nach be
Tri sceith^

E.

in gres

tri

glephudrach,

gnuisi,

gan

glor,

2050

Aincit in ro[lh]at romor.

Cuic sceith, tri gnuisi, gan goimh,

Is ed ainces ar rogair
Oengnuis ainces dimbrig dib,
;

Is tengnuis ainces forbrig.

2055

diten, na ro-dairt,
Ainces egnairc fri frecnairc
Sciath marsen ocus gnuis glan
Aincit uathad fri hilar,

Oengnuis

Nai

sceith diten, co nduilgius,

uili ecuibdhius
Cia nach labair con a

Aincit

Ocus

Na

2060

luis,

no-ainic engnuis.

tri

gnuisi, gruaid

maith
Ocus da
Is

Aincit

fri

gruaid,

ecowmuai

aincit

2065

sctath, ni scb lib,

ecowmuaiw

n-eitig.

Ecenel, nocho n-ord mear,

Non-anaig engnuis diten

Anocht no-aincet da

A beith

ranocht

is

sciath,

2070

roliath.

Anocht ainm coitchend cubaid

Dolean do gach lanphudair
Int anocht, ni hainm cen cheass,

Cia ralocht dian ruidles.

Anocht mas ainm do cach

2075

locht,

Cid dia n-aidera d' oen[l]ocht

Uair nocho n-aenlocht ce on,
Trefocul.
Is taebhnocht

.^

Trefocul.

'^^'^

nocon he E.

2()5i

fairbrig E.

'** ainces
rofat F.
L. rofhad L.
'^^ naron-dairt L.
narond dairt E.
:

2058

2053, 9
ditin B.
diten L.
3m gej^ duilges E.
:

^i

L. gon o luis B.

cun a

..

aincid L.

^"^"

ecuibdes E.

^^

non-anaig L.

non-anaic E.

THE PRIMER

157

lcinds which defend " too many rhymes,-"'

So that the work be not clearly blundering,
Three shields, three countenances, without noise
Defend the excessive " overlong."

Two

Five shields, three countenances, without anguish,

It is that which defends against "overshort"
;

One countenance

And

that wards ofiffrom

one countenance that wards

ofif

you " want of emphasis,"

" over-emphasis."

One countenance for defence, lest it cost us

Which defends "an absent to a present"

a heifer

(.?),

shield also and a pure countenance

Defend "a singular" for "a plural."

Nine shields of defence, with

Defend all " false rhyme

difificulty,

'''

Though he does

not speak with his good

Seeing that one countenance defends it.

taste,

The

three countenances, cheek by cheek,

Well do they defend "false alliteration
And two shields, ye do not think it deceitful,
Defend hideous "false alliteration."
'^

" False gender,"

it is

not a reckless

se,

Which one guarding countenance defends

Two

shields defend "error"

Lest

it

should be too bare and too grey.

common harmonious name

Has clung to every complete blunder
The "error" is not a name without ambiguity,
Though it is great blemish to which it is peculiar.
" Error " a

" Error "

Why
Since

That

if it

shall
it

is

it

be a name

not one blemish, without

naked sided in Trefocul.

7 ix. L. E.

20-0

roliach L. E.

2" n-aidicra aenlocht L.

in

every blemish,

is

2^"

'*"**

for

cleave to a single blemish

Trefocul E.

2069

m
:

fault,

Trefocul.

non-aincet L.
radiles L.

Cid ma ndubrad

non-aincit E.

dia bo dileas E.

re hcenlocht

E.

158

AURAICEPT

BB. 332a37
Sceith

Amal

is

cach n-anaebh

2080

din, n socht solam,

locht co

Oenicc

3oa2j

gnuisi fogeib daib

iccait

Dingbaid

Da

E.

fir

formol^/.

cen col,
mallrugud

ic catut,

Is oencc ic

Ni gne mergnima midid,

Sei deigdina

ic

2085.

delidnid.

Aichnid dom' anmain, cen

Se cabartha 'na conrtil,

Ar

ail,

asnlocht ainceas a h?en

^090

Ocus a lan co lanchagm.

Diabull dingbad din, gu da[/]th
Na tri lochta co lanmaith
Aincid, ni holc in monor,
;

Ar da

locht a lugugod.

2095

Aincit ar da locht, gen log,

Sserugud is dserugud
ALCt da firlocht masead
A urard a uiriseal.
Aincit lorga fuach a bos

Ar da

locht

gu

lanfhollus

2100

Dialt n-etarleimi n-oll

Icaid da anocht acon.

thelgud nai, niamda a bhlas,

da anocht icas ;
AirichiU fuit is ferr de,
Ni dingaib dn acht deide.
Is ar

airchill calaid,

2105

can cheass,

Ron-anaig ar da ainges
No dos-dngaib gan tochrus

Amal

2080 itait,

n-anaeib L.

208i

ig Qgf) ica

^**"

Se deigniwa

2087

<Som

2093

2110

atchi cendfoc^r^j.

n-anaib E.

^**^

dind L. E.

solum L.

E.
ic

delidhnig L.

menmzin L.
monar L. E.

Is

degsnima

is

deiligin E.

^^

dingbaid dind E.

^094

ludugad E.

gu daith

^'

lod E.

L. E.

THE PRIMER
Shields and countenances

finds for

it

As they heal every unbeautifui thing

From us, it is not a sudden silence,
"

Hyperbole " wards off two

One remedy has

And one remedy

159
them
;

faults truly.

" hardening," without sin,

has " retarding "
;

not a kind of mad act it meditates,

Six good protections has "metathesis."
It is

Knovvn

to

my

mind, without reproach,

Six helps in their "internal division,"

Against one blemish which

And

its

" fuU

its

"singleness" defends

" full gracefully.

"Reduplication" wards off from us, with colour,

three blemishes full well
Defends, not iU is the work,
Against two blemishes its "diminutive."

The

Against two blemishes defend, without decay,

" Ennobling " and " enslaving "
Against two veritable blemishes defend indeed
:

Its

"exaltation" and "humiliation."

" Staves of words " protect here below

Against two blemishes fuU plainly
:

great " interloping syllable

With us remedies two

"

"errors."'

"man-throwing," beauteous its taste,

against two "errors" that it heals
" Theft of long " it is the better of it,
It does not ward off from us save two things
Its

It is

Its

"theft of hard," without doubt,

Has saved
It

As

wards
it

it

sees

us from two difficulties,

off,

it,

"

without winding up of yarn.

change of initial and final."

* a urord B.

^>

-'

L. sealgad B.

'^10

2108

ronn-amiig B.: ron-anaid E.

210

Ocus dingbaid E,

fus L.

din L.

'-i'"--'

deighe B.
ances L.

-""

ainces E.

a conn L.
Airichill chalaid

L.

l6o

AURAICEPT

BB. 332a5i

E.

Dingbaid dichnead tri phudra (col.

D'ar n-anochtaib anumla
O dechnead gan tromsnimh tra
Foirther in

comHn

30a38

/3)

cetna.

21 1 o

Innse m>/nocho mod n-olc,

n-ai/g acht aenlocht

Nocho

Aurlond insci, ainm cubaid,

Ni ainic acht enphudhair,
Is iat sin gnuisi

sceith,

z's

D'eicsib nochon at anfheigh

^ i ^u

Ni ma teit du rigi rand

Cach fili nachasforband.
D'

icc

na da

fichet,

gan

ail,

Frith d'flioghlaib for anochtaib,

Adharta don righ dos-rat,

-125

Secht g[c]abartha cethrachat.

Na

tancadar tall
Tuaith De Danann,
imda ollam ocaib

filid

Maraen

Rob

re

2130

Trefocul.

Ag

toUadh

Da

sciath ainces cl?en creiti,

'sin rand-sa is rochreti,

in Trefocuil.

Uaim

Deilidi foclach febrach

Is deilidi s'laiacA.

airchiU

2135

fuit, is feidil,

Naroi cendfoc/rus deiridh,

Codut mallrugud measa
Aincit in claen cuibdhiusa.
Aincit ar in clasn ceilU
Lorga fuach, diaU deglemi,

Ocus cobfighe, cen

2140

col,

Is ernail dia n-anacol.

-"1 L. pura B.

^"'

^i'*^

aic ic sccr E.

21-1

do righi L.

Cat

ma

anaig: L.

E.

o foglaib E.
ceathrachat E.

^i'-^i

d'fodlaib L.

-1-"

cabartha L. E.

iromgnim L.
-'"^

^n^ Poirther L.
"'^"

anfeich L.

foTt/ter

nocho

E.

^''^

na as forbawd E.

^^"^'^

^^'^

foirid

ga.ta.nd feich

da trian E.
marsen la L.

B.

E.

THE PRIMER

i6i

" Losing a final" wards off three blunders,

Of our disobedient " errors,"

By " doubling a final," without heavy

The same equal number is assisted.
*^

Afo speech,"

Does not

it is

sorrow, too,

not an evil mode,

protect but one blemish

" Prefix of gender," harmonious name,

Uoes not

protect save one blunder.

These are countenances and shield^

sages they are not unsharp

To

Not

well goes to stretch verses

Any

poet that does not carry them out.

To pay the two score, without reproach,

Which are found of damages on blunders,
Worshippings to the King
Seven and forty helps.

The

poets that

Who

gave them,

came over

Along with the Tuath De Danann,

There was many an Ollave with them
Malcing holes

Two

in the Trefocul.

shields which defend "

From me

in this verse

it is

Trefocul.

wrong of body,"

greatly to be believed,

" Metathesis " of sharp-edged words

of svllables.

And "metathesis"
Its "theft

of a long,"

it

is

constant,

That there may not be its "change ofa

"Hardening," "retarding," of measure
Defend the " vvrong of rhyme."

final"

Against the "wrong of sense" defend

"Staves of words," "a well-leaping syllable,"
And " perfected sense," without sin,
Is a species of defending them.
-'^

'sa

213*

siUcebach L. E.

ruinnsa L.

^ujs, 4

sa randsa E.

-'"*
Na ra L. Octis E.
\m claena cuibdesa L.

'^'^'

"^'^
-^3'*

is fedil

L.

measa L.

Aingit arin.

feidil

deilide L.

E.

mesa E.

deiledu E.

feidhin B.

masea B.

ar cloena celli E.

'^^ ecnail E.

i62

AURAICEPT

BB. 332,315

E. 30 a 52

Cach rand romilleadh immaig

A Uus rudraighe

rrandaib,

214o

Rudhrach noco n-airisead

Dar

urard, dar uirisel.

da condail mar itclos

da airichiU i fos,
dichneda, Dia dos-rat,
Tarso noco ria rofat.

Na
Na
Na

2150

Formolad, diabul, cen on,

Telgudh noe, ocus lugugud

Uaitighit cdxh rogair rib
Lorga diaUa, deichnid.

2155

Saerugud doine in domain

Ar dimbrig is degcobair,

Dserugud gach duini dib

Nos-aincenn uili ar forbrig.

^n ainces ar ilar ndan,

Ar uathad

2160

ainces a lan,

Ecnairc fri frecnairc co fir

Indsce modh ica mordhin.
Aincit ecuibdius a

fir,

Formolad, da delidin,
Telgud noe, niamhda in monor,
Condail litr/, lughugud.
Airichill calaid,

dichned,

Da

is

mo

2165

chean,

a dheichnedh.

dehdin, diabul des,

Foirit

Ocus

ecommuaim

2170

n-indles,

na-foiret hi fus

Deicned, dicned, cendfochrus.

Ecenel airmidir an^,

Is luath non-anaigh aurland.
Aingit ar anocht ria head

2175

Diabul, aurard, auriseal.

21*6

L. airis hed B.
2wa dos-rot B.
21" derughugud B.

nos-rihed E.
-i^*

L.

uili

a B.

"'*

fuit

'^^^

L. decobair B.

2159 \\^^

fos L.

nan L.

fuair os B.

THE PRIMER

163

Every verse has been destroyed utterly

With respect to "excess of rhymes" in verses,
" Excess of rhyme " would not abide
Despite " exaltation," " humiliation."'

The two " internal divisions," as was heard,

The two " thefts " here below,
The " losings of finals " God gave them,
Beyond these "over long" will not reach.
" Hyperbole," " reduplication," without blemish,
" Man-throwing," and " diminutive,"
They make rare each " over short " before you
" Staves of syllables," " doubling of fnals."
" Ennobling " of the world's men
Against " want of emphasis," it is a good help,
" Enslaving " every man of them
Helps them all against "over emphasis."
" Unity " defends against " plural " in the poems,
Against "singleness" its "fuU" defends,
"An absent to a present" verily,
" il/>^ speech " for its great defence.

Against "false rhyme" defend, oh man

" Hyperbole," " two metatheses,"
" Man-throwing," omamental the work,

" Internal division " of letters, " diminutive."

" Theft of hard," O happy one
!

Its

"losing of

Two

final,"

and "doubling of

final."

" metatheses," right "reduplication"

" false alliteration,"

Help unlawful

And

these help it here below

" Doubling," " losing," "change of final."

" False gender" is taken account of there,

Quickly aurland " prefix " defends it.
Against "error" to some extent protect
"Reduplication," " exaltation," "humiliation."

2ia>

L. In se mod ica
^ diabail deis E.
-'"'

airmithir L. E.

moroiw B.

innsi

mod

'ca

mordin E.

-'"

focrait E.

'^''^

forfed E.

-'"'

ar n-anaig E.

2'"'

Aincit L.

bus L. E.

re L. E.

104

AURAICEPT

BB. 332^30

MiUiud [remi L.] gach reim

ni ainm ni acht anocht

Do

n-olc,

Lemm

ni gleacc/r a gait

Asin trefhocul

tacrait.

2180

1. 1. f.

Trefocul.

Do

dhligegaibh dunta na nduan inso

sis.

nduan decid lib,

dana dlighthig,
Cest, nocho caingen falaigh
In daiwgen ros-dunsabair.

Dunta

for

ges in

2185

Menip dunta cach duan dron

Cia locht
Air

is

Trefhocul

isin

e tall rostecair

Lochta imda

2190

airchetail.

Mini dunta a duan ndmnain

Csic/i fer

dona

filedaibh,

Cia heraic dlegair uaid ind,

On fir doni in laid lanbinn?

2195

Cia ainm cach dunta dibh sein

Sluinnet na baird dia mbraithiib?
Caisted cach, cluined in fis,

Meni

fliuilet 'na afis.

Comiwdsma do Donc/chad Do,

Ascnam Dond, im cach deglo,
Saighid

2200

amra,
ainm ollamda.

so, is e in slicht

Dondchadh

int

Ascnam iar saigid suairc [modh L.],

" Dondcad dia fich [in domon L.],'"

Uaim do
Dia

rind " Don</chud na ndrech,

domun daightheach."

2205

fich in

In inund

dunad dlegair

ona filedaid,
Ar curp na duaie 'na ndan
P'inntar

'S ar in

21"

MiUid roime E.

21-9

Lem gniwaib

218:'

dechaid

lib

L.

2210

iarcomarc n-imslan.

remmi B.

legair a ngait E.
^is

accur L.

diigthig L.

-"* Do nach
^isojsaE.
^iss

sin

L.

frith

ainm E.

218-l'd9

<,,

THE PRIMER

165

Destruction of flexion is every bad flexion,

For it there is no name but "error"
I have no clear desire that it shoiild be pilfered
Out of the Trefocul which thev plead.
;

Of the Laws

Poems here

for closing

Trefocul.

below.

Consider the closings of your poems,

people of the lawful art.
Query, it is not a question of concealing
Whether firmly ye have closed them.

Ye

Unless every compact poem is closed,

fault is in the Trejocul?
For it is that which has put them away of
MaTiy fauhs of poetry.

What

Each man of the

old,

poets,

Unless his vigorous poem be closed,

What fine for it is due from him,

From

the

What

is

Which

man who makes

the

the

full

pleasant lay?

name of each close of these

name to their brethren

the bards

.''

Let each one listen, let him hear the lcnowledge,

Unless he would remain in his ignorance.

The comindsma to Dondchadh (Duncan) is " Do,"

The ascnam, "Dond" on each fair day,
The saigid (is) this, it is the famous version,
Dondchadh the Ollave name.
Ascnam (approach)
"

after full

approach

Dondchadh through whom the world

Uaim do rind (alliteration

Through whom

at end) "

is

a pleasant mode,

boils,"

Duncan

of the

many

hosts,

boils the fiery world."

the same close is due

be found out by the poets,
For the body of thc duan in their poem,
And for the complete conclusion.

Whether
Let

it

^18

ros-teacail L.

-^'-^

219

'na ainfis L.

-'i-220fl

-'-'"'

ndrec B.

'^^

-''"

in airchedail L.
/;-,

jexte,

Findum

L.

iii.

29, 26

duain ndreamhain L.

39, 33

in cach L.
~^^ n-imlan L.

-^*"

l66

AURAICEPT

BB. 332/346

ascnam, uaim do rind,

Dunait curpu duan, derb lind
Cach iarcomarc is gloir glan,
Comidsma is coir dia ndunad.
Saighit[h],

ES

dana

Eter Erinn

in

domain

is

Albain,

2215

tiar tair

Ni dleghait seoto sona

Cach duaine na ba dunta.

Da

Dunta.

d.

Dunta.

d. d.

cuincead neach a ndliged

lin dam na firfhiled

For feacht feili, for cai cuir,
For gnathlessaib, for fledaibh

2220

Cia

(333).

Ceathrur ar fichit iar fir

Fecht feili ollaman righ,
Ochtur for caei, cen chessa,
Da fer dec fria gnathleassa.

2225

Deichenbhur fri fleadha fuair

Dlegair do in ghleiri caemshluaigh,
It e sin fri bagha bladh,
Ceithri

damha

Da

dec

fer

d'

Coicfhiur fer

in

2230

ollaman.

anruth donfa,
fria

gnathlessa,

Seissiur for coe, caemthuit cluidh,

Ochtar

iar fir

fri

fleadaibh.

2235

chli ar a dhan
Ochtar, uasal a fordamh,

Tobair do

Seser for fleadaibh na

Coicer

cae,

fess,

cethrar gnathless.

du canait, na ceil,
For cach feaclit feili feithith,
Seissiur

2240

Cethrar for fleadaib fessa,

Triur cas, dis fri gnathlessa.

^12

is

derb B.

is

L. om.

^"

da L.

-^" seotu L.

^' chuir L.

^'^^

223;!,

Coicer L.

Seiser,

'---''s

-'

cx

L.

in

domain

c.ic,

L. Pm.

chesa L.

THE PRIMER

167

" FuU approach," "approach," " alliteration at end"

Close bodies of poems, it is plain to us ;
Every concluding word, it is a pure glory,

Repetition of

first

syllable

is

due

to their close.

West and East,

and in Scotland,
They deserve no lucky treasures
For every poem that wiU not be [properly] closed.

Ye

poets of the world,

Both

If

Closed.

in Ireland

Closed.

any one ask the law

What is the number of a company of the true poets

On a journey of entertainment, upon the road of a circuit,
For customary needs,

for feasts

Twenty-four verily
[For] a journey of entertainment of a royal Ollave,
Eight for a circuit, without anguish,
Twelve men for customary needs.

Ten

for

prepared feasts

Are due to him, the choice of learned people,

For glorious contests are these,

The OUave's
Twelve men
Five

men

four companies.

vvill fall (?)

to a poet of the

second order,

customary needs,
scholars of renown,

for their

Six for a circuit,

Eight verily

for feasts.

Give to a poet of the third order or his song

Eight, noble his great company,
Six for feasts of knowledge,
Five for a circuit, four for customary needs.
Six to a poet of the fourth degree, hide it not,
For every journey of entertainment pjovide ye,

Four for feasts of knowledge,

Three for a circuit, two for customary needs.

;-

Tabair L.

^ Seachtnar (vii) B.

-"' Seiser L.

'^
^^

fethid L.

L. Triur cadais B.

l68

AURAICEPT

BB.333all

Ceathrur do dus,

damh

Is triur fri fleada

fiW,

Dias for coe,

ria

as deach,

meass dun mhal,

2245

Is fria leass a asnuran.

Triar for fecht

feili

Dam

thoga do

mac

Dias

for fleadhaibh, co fathach,

Oen
Ni

coe,

dofhidh,
fuirmidh,

oen leas roghnathach.

2250

theis dar diis iar sin,

In da daim do fochlocain,

^n for coe,
Oen

oen for

fria leassa

fleid fead,

dia cuinged.

Dia cuincead neach a ndiigedh

Ftmt Amenfinit Solamh ODroma

L. y[.wxc\\ertach riabach

aide diles

-i-

2255

cia.

noniine scripsit.

do scrib so da
mbennacht leis da

Cuindlis

do Mac Fhirbisig

7 ar

thuilleadh.
-'^"

''^

is

L.

tar, iar sain L.

2345
^a-is

cE,
jjj^^

don mal L.
fochlu cain L.

^"

tboga L.

'^'"

cDe, fed

L.

THE PRIMER
Four

to a poet of the fifth degree, a

And three for feasts of poets,

Two for a circuit, to be adjudged
And for his needs one alone.
Three

for a

169
band which

is

best,

to the poet,

journey of hospitaIity on which he goes,

chosen company

for a poet of the sixth degree,

Two

for feasts, with cleverness,

One

for a circuit,

one for quite customary needs.

Thou shalt not exceed two after that,

The two companies to poets of the seventh degree,
One for a circuit, one for a feast provide thou,
One for his needs if any one ask.
:

If

any one ask the

lavv

what.

Finit, Amen.finit^

Solomon O'Droma nomine

L. Muircheartach

Riabhach O'Cuindlis wrote

his faithful fosterer MacFirbis,

and

scripsit.

this for

for his blessing besides.

AURAICEPT
YBL. 219

Eg. 63

a 23

b 26

eraicept, uar er gach 2260

na n-Biges
n-aici bios in
ts.o\seack: aicicht dono -i- icht aici, ar is
deisgiop/^/ agin maigister
no dono aicept, z'd est, acceptus,

Incipit eraicept

airiti

cugad \n eiche nach

gan ches
ansa.

Don

Axcht

na bfiW.

-i-

ier

dhorcha ropui

in

er

ca.\rechta.\re

gach beusgna

ogaim

bethe-luis-ni an

ar

duo

bithm a

Uair as gach perla

in

roteip^c/,

gech

sech

mbeusgna.

niugud

Eg.

o/u.]

gan

[ceana Eg.

;]

for Goid/Zc-

docom

primberla dona

ainm

diiis

Ar

tri

-i-

Ebra

-i-

hEbrad

Greig glegairg,

ineich

Ni ansa.

nGaoidhilc ar a 2275
dono,

in

raibi

[Caidi a deimh-

Gret'g J Laidin,

ud dixsit

Is nialot a

Legulus a Laitin

'"'^

Cest,

d berla sechtmogat

[Ticalod a

tossach

hanmanwa dono
no coma[d] ainm gach 2280

Gaoidelg,

fir

toiseacha 2270

Ceithri

in Gaoidilc.

Tinoltach
Eg.

Cest,

nuibir a ranna

o Gao'i/u/

is

riachtain

isin

ni fagbaigt';' in

primberlaib

ionad

quani gach

ndorcht-zV/eta.

Ropuoi eimh.

Gaidelc resiu rotopcrc/?

for-

gach son fordorcha roboi

cech beusgna, fofrith ionad doibh

forleithe

hed

2265

amuigh.

gach son

don Gaoidilc

cie tugait ar a n-ab^?rberla tob//i

ed

X.o\seach

berla, fofrith

is

Ni

so?

sgoil

na nai

i-

tois^ac//

forlethi

is

gach toiseach Aano, uair

lasna filedha, cech son fordorcha

i-

gach

J in

conid aire sin

isin Gaidilc,

mbesgna

na n-eiges

gusan

dtiachtain

Gach son do na hawmcht

doibh

ogat

teipi doteip^/ asin^Gaoid//^, oir iss

Fenius

la

bfil

Cid [Eg. diana]

aird,

2285

le,

fine.

-**

don

sgoil giisna berla

amuig

172

AURAICEPT

YBL. 219^45

2a4

Eg. 63

In berla teip/^i tric

Roleasoig Gaoidel

glanglic,

(i)

(col.

Uatha do tsiol Gaoidil gairg

Duine aga mbia a firainm.
Gaoidel aderaitsim

Lucht

timeolai's

2290

fris

ainpfis,

is

Ni neasa dho Gaoid^/glic

Indas do gach ealg

Ma
Co

dam

hail

o'nei'rc.

a radh

cach

fri

2295

(rubh) [co] follus an fath,

garmain gan gai

It iat re

Cethri hanmanrt'a an berla[i].

hairm sonnradach a ruccad

cie

Uga
don

a rand
sgoil

motha

indi dotormachtad?/'

co

acJit^Xn

mogat
Feine
is

rotaisealp(7c/

do Fenius

Gaid'/c, ar is

-i-

on tuor

Mo^acJi

denamh

icc in tor,

ct ni

conid aire sin

ar a forleithe, ar a mine.

cech mbesgna
tor, 7

aon die

taiselp^'/
--''"'

mad

leis

Berla

die sgoil, ct

he pa soam don

Ar

tois-

rainig a leas a \\-ai{ty

is

'oisecJi^.

bud

uaisl///

rotaisealpad,

do

riachtr?///

a cuibhdi, ar a hetruime, 2315

is

madh

forlethe quaiii

he cetna besgna rugad

lethe quain cech

mbesgna conid

\.o'~,acJi.

garmaimVBL.

2310

7 Grr/g 7 Lait/// la

Cest, cidh ar

Ni ansa.

pa mete co

^8-'>8CZ.x. 134, 17

Ar

Ni ansa.

Gaoidelc?

ct is

eimh Ebra

Cest, nach raibi isna berlaiph ni

qiiaiii in

Ni ansa.

cech mbeusgna r/is he berla

7 ropoi

Feinius riesiu this(7^on Sgeithia

on

don da berlaib secht-

he ron-alt asa oighe no asa oidig,

ech rucad

mac

A huiletaighie cen-

he Gaid'/ pa tocha

sgoil, 7 ar a orlethe sech

Gaidel

fordorcha ier dtorr- 2305

trie

filid

Cest, cie berla

Fen///i'.

muig 2300

Cest, cie

do Gregaiph Sgeithia.

Ni ansa.

don-uccrr^/di.

iiEigeipt.

Ni ansa.

Ni ansa.

dochwiTz^ co suidhe?

mud

na hEigipti.

iart//(7/'deisgert(?;^//

Eithiuir meic Tai meic Barachain

Cest, cie

otn.]

Ni ansa.

Cest, ce tir a rugad Gaoidelc?

E^:

'^'*^^'\^x\.zx

-'"Monnucedi

-n-.>

^^ jms.

AURAICEPT

YBL. 219/325

173

Eg. 6321125

Aimsear et Persa et Tucait Sgribinn na 2320

Tor Nemruaid c^/us Locus FaciOcus aimser di
aici
\xx\cJit
a tos^cZ'.
\\ndi^ ar
is
Persa di
aimser cwvaaig an tuir la cloinn Adaim.
rodus-fucc
on
tuor 7
Sacap mac Ruicimorcus, uair is he
Gaoidel mac Eithiuir meic Tai meic Barachain do 2325
Gregaip Sgeithia. A tugait sgribhinn tour Nemruaid do
chumdach.
Esmberat araile conid tugait di Gaidel do
Caite

Log

Gaoideilge

duola

et

Ni ansa.

isin tir a

dtaiphhbh

Calcaneinsis.
is

rugad he, fobith

is

he

\.o\'s,ecJi

and rosgriph Gaoidel

Is

in Gaid//r,

he Sacab mac Ruicimorcus rosgribustar,

comad aonleapar

araile

rosgribh a

ainm
no dono 2330

7 a lecaiph isin lucc tsenrcrc/ach dienat

Uraicept

int

uile,

adberait

comad he

so a log-aimser.

Cidh ara

\\-d.^ai\liar

besgna doumanda don Gaedilg

nach di ata briathar lasna hecwrtdaibh eolchu

lersinn aisn'c/es

thuaith et

do cestaibh

inti leighius

Gaedilc?

Ni

Ni ansa. 2335

do caingnibh domundu

iter

mad borb

Dia

Cid ar a n-abar co

eclrt/.

fie[d]

do

di ^Xa briath^r sund, acht

uiledetaidh na feallsamnachta iter gramatz^^ 7 dilliochtc?/^

7 rim, ut dixit poeta :

2340

Foglaim feallsamnacht[a]
Leigeand, gramatach
Literdacht
Is

leir

is

gluas,

ocus rim,

bec a mbrigh for nim tsuas.

Cest, nach feallsamnacht an Gaidelc

a ndmiaid

is fas,

mion-(22o) ughdair

fri

Ni hedh eter acht

deredh an domain

ar tuccait derscaighti sech na hugdaraiph toisecha.

is

ed

beusgna domunda and

is

ind erritacht

is

234.5

No

feallsamnacht dimain

-i-

an aimiris dogni nech a n-agaid na firinne

diadha 7 daon;^a, 7 iss ed sin is borb fia[d] Dia [anti 2350
leighius Gaedilc no Eg. om.] andaidi.
Cidh ar a ndebert
aipcitir

-i-

^-*

et

eibi ioc
sainredach

duar

-i-

ic

focul, ar ni hi iocus

-'''

na

and<|idhthi ( = and aridhthi)

ioc/u

acht

sund

AURAICEPT

YBL. 220a5

1/4

is

na ocail nus-icainn-si.

iad

rand,

-i-

tit

Eg. 63 2 b 8

he [focul

Is

Eg.'] itbert

est:

Cie duar donesa nath.

2355

Aaspearat tra ughdair na nGaoidel dano.

ndepertsim
is

asberad na

Cidh ar a

hugdair robatar roimhe, uair

he Cendfaolad arainic

in leapar-sa

-i-

^ro\ach

i[n]d

Uraic[e]pt[a] 7 ugdair [na nGaidel Eg.l dano, rob iad-siden

Yenms

VarsaidJi 7 lar

haimsire isrup^rt
frecnairc

aimseraiph

huih'^

omni tonpore

teuipus pro

fhrecnairc for na

Cinnus on

na 2360

uaisle

dicitnr

\it

presens

Samaigt//^;- in aimsir

ponitiir.

huil/<^ aimsir//5 Eg.l.

he da radha

nach gcantar a n

sill^iv'a

Ar

Ni ansa.

aimser frecnairc, uair geipzV/ an aimsir

-i-

na

for

mac Nema.

mbit na da 2365

int aonfoc/// a

aonaimsir, nt dicitnr, lego

-i-

legaim, quando dicis \e- futurunt est -go, preteiretuvi est lequattdo dicis

-go

intan

raidhi

siWad toiseac/t,

in

to-

dochaidi cugut in sillab deighinach et sechmatu sechat

[Deitbir on Eg.] amal isbert in Lait- 2370
Tempus non dividitur sed opera nostra diuiduntur
nocha n- ind aimser fogailter and acht metugud aimsire
no dano is
bis iter na siWaba, no ar ngnimrad-ne feisin
in sillab toiseach.

neoir

i-

dona hugdaraiph robatar a n-aonaimsir ris fein t?/c

Cendfaolrtf in tan ispert asperat ughdair na nGaidel. 2375

fr^Tra

Cid ar a dtugs(?m a sound ar tus sech na guthaigi

Ar

Ni ansa.
ghaiph

i-

7 is

aclL

is

as sruithi a bfedhaib 7

cetlapra cech pi

-i-

a, 7

is

i^o^tadh cech mairph

Asperdis na cetughdair, asperat na hughdair

deighencha
n-ingnath

-i-

Comba

si

tugait

airic in perla

nemgnathach ar a ainminci,

ar a uaiphrigi forcaomnaccair isin ontun

]^entruaid

-i-

do

triall

daona gan comairleigud

2^
2373

aili ?

uaisle a nguthai-

blolach with r under

grimroigne

'-^"^

first 1

n YBL.

dola

ior

Feine gnim 2380

n-indlig///^-//
i-

cumdach

i-

tuir

neam ina gcorpaiph

Nemruad itsin dono

fria

Die.

^aee

siHaeba

^"'^

sechmat?^

^"'^ n-i

aili

Eg. om.

^ss-i

^j^ ^^^^^

2394

an

jnsin

AURAICEPT

YBL.220a3i
trener

Adawi

tsil

Eg. 63

ina aimsir fein e

uile

-i-

2b4o

175

Nemruadh

mac Quis meic Caim [meic] Nai. Ni pi ierum aonri forsin

doman go haimsir Nin meic Peil acht mad comsLrUd J
toist'c/i
nam batar and co sin anall. Da comairlzrt'
sechtmogat ierum robatar isinn aimsir sin isin doman a
ndernadh

pa he indara

tor J

in

comairlzflf

Trenfear iarum ind [N]emruad

Nemruad.
occ seilg

for

-i-

aighiph

[-i-

air;nielaib

daoinip

oca

s\ogaibh 7 co

\&nmain,

mba

Co

eunaiph.

for

-i-

nertmaire

-i-

iim.

for

mbitis

m[b]a

co

-i-

fer

mucaip

-i-

allta,

do

sochaide

samlaidh

lie

sechtmogat 2390
sin,

coip Eg:] J or [f]ieduch

for milaib trachta muigi, 7 airrcheis

2385

-i-

a 2395

coXaind fein s^mXaidJ

oldas cach, conid he dorimart in da comairl/V/ sechtmogat

isinn

athar

denam an tuir, la hua brathar a

mac Regua meic Arafaxat meic Seim

aoncomairli, do
-i-

Faillec

la

meic Nai, 7 pa he sin an dara comairlid sechtmogat 2400

anall, 7 isberatsum ierum co mba he an

chena co sin
comairlid
Faillec.

lasa

co

mba

^ontoisecJi

imcom^irc sund

Is

ndernad

anmanda na

in tor

doiph

anmanda

in

(col.

da

fer

uile

/3)

in

sechtmogat

acht chena ni airmit sgribenda acht

se bfer ndec ba airecam diph,

edon

Faillec, 2405

Nemr<7/, Eiber, Laiti[u]s, Ribat, Nabgaton, Asur, Ybath,

Germanus,

Loncbard, Bodbus,

Britus,

Bardanius, Sardain.

[ler ndilz'ww 7 ier n-aicc;/^^acht

is

he Neamruad

reimraiti.

Nin mac

Is

Peil

in cetri

is

he

Garad,

Sgithus,

chena

cetri ier n-ealad^'/;/ in P^aiIIrt

he immorro Eg.

onii\ iar

meic Ploisg meic

Piliris

n-ughdaras

in cetri 2410

meic Agamolis meic

Fronoisis meic Gitlis meic Trois meic Asuir meic

Seim
immorro flaith lasa ndernadh in
tor -i- Faillec mac Regua meic Arafaxat meic Seimh meic
Noi : uel Faillec mac Eber meic Saile meic Arafaxat 2415
meic Naoi. Asan panaictti, id est, propriuin noinen lipri
tuccad in g\uas coir.
Adcuodsuw dano indi sin [admeic

'"12

Naei.

sil

Gither

Is

he

-'^ airnel/-5
-^"'

-"

panaC.i

YBL.

2407

xx.
-^''

Bodlibu'^

adqodu/

YBL.

1/6

AURAICEPT

YBL. 220/3I2

dano

codasti;

anisin.

dosum

mad

ansin

tor

in tor la

o ua brathar a athar o mWter go 2420

Eg.'\

Nemruaid he ar chena.
cloui;;^ [Adaim Eg^^ {

De

do sduaigh nime,

-i-

uaman na

ar

do

anmand

in

conid e sin

itbert

Ht vidanms

et

raufegam

in

roibhi

Ri nime

doiph ina

dol

comadh arad 2425

oirrdercugud

d'

an tor dara

muinter neime

fri

confonndanius lingas

eoruni

n-eisi,

Ueniti

taoit

-'x'

7 co romelrc/^/naigem 7 co robuaidrem

Pa mor

a dtengta impo.

rasgaoilem

haini

ndernad

VcdMaig lasa

dilend

do derp-

rocr^^siot

nem do talmain
dochum nime 7

doip

ndernadh

Tred'i ar a

gcorpaip daonda for

fr^'jgaphala

u 24

comad a ainm
Adrodimes do;/i3

brath.

moire do \ho\geac/it doridhise, ar ni

airdip

Neuirttad

Asp'/i;

forbeith ant saoirsi sin go

sin

g. 64

denam

a nert ag

in

int

aonberla poi oca

roaithn^^ nech dip berla aroile

dip 'tuc cloich dam'

is

i-

cumachta

co 2430
tsil

cona festaois ierum

tuir

cumachta Righ neime uais

ierum impo

tra

co

i^

tis.

Romesgaighti

gortig//;mi,

cona

antan adbered nech 2435

crand doberti dho.

[Dethbir on, ar

do clochaib na do chrandaib doroigned an tor acht do

cria[i]dh tsuaiti 7 do bidm<7/;;. Cinnus on, oir intan adb^;^[t]
ni

nech diph

Ni ansa.

'tuc cloich

Na

s;//te is iat sin

dam'

cran adberedh do.

is

leca fora suaiti in cr^ 7

Eg. om.]

na (orchuda.

frie

2440

clocha J cran;;a noimluaidis etorra.

Ashe ir ono
,

Da

aicce for sechtmogha[i]d

gnim ngaphaz^

Arim suas

frie

Iter aol

bitouma/

is

Ocus talmain

is

2445

tathl/zA

ut est
Oel, ola

and ocus

Cre, uisgi, ros,

Hn

fuil,

lancuir,

Tuis, mirr, bitomain co mbuaid,

Noi n-adhbair
^" dilinne

-^*'

uaistib

in iuir

2450

Nemruaid.

^4 forquda

-^

Is

(-ocus)

AURAICEPT

YBL. 220^33

Eg.

64ib6

1/7

Dolotar tra filedha mda asin Sgeithia reib chianaiph

iarna gnimaiph sin do foghlz/w na n-ilperla ogcon tour,

maigm

ar dorui;//net<2r

na hilberla do

Adaim, robatar and

tsil

Doloutar ierum co
in

magh

Senair

coicc^r sechtmogat

tor,

berla

as rofoghl<?mti accus a n-arneachta

saoi

primberlaib

na

lion

Eaphra,

Greig,

E^:]

[tri

Ceithri

ed

iss

berla

rofoghlrt'rt'

do radh

Filz'a'

gech

fer

-i-

dona

sin

Laitin.

sechtmogat as gach primberla dipsin,

co n-athgaprt// na primberla.

in rocumac/i

sgoile

gacha primberla diph

-i-

gcomloinntius. 2455

ier

mag

-i-

and, 2460
uair

riu,

doboi filideacht osgarda acu cen co raibi filidecht e/adnac/i

no

is

filideacht ealsLnac/i ropui acu in tan sin et

aricht filideacht osgarda J

is

ierum

iadside doniat Gaidelcho.

is

Feinius Farrsaidh ainm a tois?^

'Eogain meic 2465

mac

-i-

Glunfind meic Lamfind [meic Agn<2;;/ain

E^'.]

mcic Toi

meic Semair [meic Mair E^.} meic Eiteachta meic Urtechta

meic Abosth meic (221) Aoir meic hescr meic Seth meic
Sru meic Esru meic Baith meic Ribath meic Goimeir meic

meic Naoi meic Laimfiach.

laffeith

Pau

saoi sidhein isna

atuaidh.

primberla cidh riesiu tisad

tri

na hairnig

2470

iarum

fo

comlainius

Fem'is

n-ilperla agin tuor, forfodaz'/ a sgola

a deisgipla uad

et

crichaib J fo cendadhachaibh bfer dtalman

leith

do

foghlaim

adfoirith^'/ uais,

na

Fenius

n-iolperla,

bliadhna

cona[d]

Fem'us

tor for

gach

araile

ughdair

-^

vii

detc/i

samlaidh

icin tor in n-airit sin 7 roaitr^^

ccurp lipair

comlaintes

34W isjde

gach

gcionn

leth, is

nat

gach
-i-

2475

biathad et etugud in gcein

mbliadhna na foghlama 7 tri

-i-

[a E^-.] sgo/a. cuige as

for

nosnothrustar

iet ider

patar agin foghlaim

in taispenta

na

aird,

(/e/c/i

occus anais

and co dtorrachtadar

conid desin asbersim

mbliadan

and

doreib<af in

pui

nech

sgaoik3'

ier

Gaedelg.

do cloinn

^456

rocumdoch

2^' el-n,

2468

Aboith

2469

QqIh

on

Isperat

lonain

YBL.

meic

eladns
2478

taispcnusa

2480

178

AURAICEPT

YBL. 22iai3

Eg.

64ib34

lafeth meic Nai die xocmetar Gregaig et die rochin Fenius

cumdach an

a[c]

tuir et

patar

mac

oun, ar ni raiphe in

ag

sin

mac JVoi, 7rl.

Fenius mac Baath

leffeth

Ni ansa.
meic Maghach meic laffeith meic Nai

[Cest caiti ^^in e{nius}

nEpraide tantuin roboi

7

is

da? bies

si

mad edh
doman

nobeth

da?

isin

doman

ier

mbrath,

muinntir nime,

la

sgarsat, ut est:

Berla

Eg.'\

/rl.

re cumdach an
et isberat

is

fichit

tri

tuir

araile

Pa haonberla

rogabsat, da berla dec

ititan

Deithper 2485

Nai olchena.

siol

co 2490

boi isin

tan ro-

Goirtigern ainm an berla

Rophui ag mac De [den Eg.^ deghergna,

Ociis ag sil Adaim uair
Rie cumdach an

tuir 'Keinruaid.

Perla n-Ebraz/e dano cidh o rabainmniged

he Eber ainm

Is

2495

in toisigh rocoimeiustah'-

he

Ni ansa.

iar sgaoik/

na mberla, ar ba he an dara comairlid sechtmogat roboi ag 2500

deanam an tuir no aga cumdach, et is aca aonur ovxxdiXaid
an berla dorad Die [dorat Dia
dogarar

sin

no Abraim

in berla
-i-

siol

nEbraidi

xAprahaim

Eg.'\

-i-

do Aain, conid de

berla nEb^rdoigi innsin

berla n^h^'aide dono.

i-

ler

dtieachtain tra dona deisgioblaibh co Fenius on og\\\aim 2505

dtaispenadh

i-

ier

i-

a bfoglama,

is

gcuarta

a n-imtheachta 7 ^ ngresa

-i-

and conaitciotar cusin

saoi

go Fenius

-i-

berla na beth ag nech aile do theip/ doibh as na

acht

comad

doiph

accc?

a n-aonar nobeith, conid airesin

in berla tohaidi

cona

cona fortorm[acht]aiph
iter

f(rtor;;z[('?<;///']aiph

-i-

n-aigillzV

est,

7 iarmberla et berla n-etarsgarta

novien

cach diph a cheile 7

iter fira 7

mhna.

3.x\cht

berla Feine 2510

na fedhaiph airedhaibh amal doruirmisim

Fedha Mair, id

hilperlrt//;,

Gaid'/

lipri,

in

berla

isin

Duil

na bfiled asa

gnathberla fogn do chach

mac Eitheoir meic Taoi meic 2515

Barachai;^ do Gregaib Sgeithia in dara sai roboi ag coime-^**'

cf. Keat. Hisf. ii. xv. 12-15

Rawl. B. 502, p. 69, 24
'"'^
Dopoi, dethergna
tur
doruirmisum, Duile
;

24a5

'^''^'^

AURAICEPT

YEL. 2-'ia36

Eg. 64

tacht Feniusa, conid uad rohainmniged Gaedelc

oirrderc indsin

-i-

Gaedel ros-oirdercaigh.

Agnoin meic Gluinfind meic Laimfind

en

sidhe dono dorothluigestar in berla so go

mac Aingin no go madh

Gaoidel

mac

elg

-i-

Gaoidel Glas

[int

Eg.'\

athr do Fenius 7 ba saoi sidien ono cidh edh

Ethiuir 7 conadh Gaoidelc o Gaidel

1/9

a 17

-i-

mac

brathair

edh 2520

Is

e,

mac

Gaoidel

Ethiuir 7 Gaid^/<f o

o Gaoidel Glas

meic Feniusa Farrsaidh rohainmniged Gaidel.

Berla Yeine tra arricht so sound,

mac

Niuil

he

Is

sin

fhir.

berla n-etarsgarta iter [na Eg-^ fedhaib airedhaib ind

ogaim,

berla na bfiled in cethramrt/, 7

do

fogni

chach

in

et

i^i

gnathperla

Fenus Farsaidh tra mac

cuicced.

mac Nema

Eog<r/ et ler

iarmberla, 2525

Gaoidel

mac

Eithiuir na

saidhi doreibsit in berla-sa ocon lug tsainredach 'iena

Euateno

sechtmogat o

rafoghl^/ti

anmanda

na hilberla?

hic .' Beithm, Sgeithi, Sgouit,

p//,

Caitet

siicuitas zxXacht prus.

Moiet, Morann, Luigdin

in

Ni ansa

Germain,

tri

ainm 2530

da cenel
Ut sunt

Gaill, Point,

Paim-

oic, Ircair, Sgill, Siccir, Ciclait,

Coirsic, Creit, Sarda/w, Sig//, Reit, Reicir, Roait, 2535

(col. /3)

Romain mas,

Masgj-a, Mair, Maicidoin, Morcain nair, nir

mais, Narmaint,

Nombith

brais,Britain, Boit mais.Magoig,

Armaint, am/5 gairg, Galus, Actaiw,

Acai;/, Tesail airt,

WXain., Alp<?/, Ircair og, Etail, Espain, Guit, Goith, grin?/e

Freisin, Longbaird, Laidich,

Affrainc,

sair,

Eisil,

Egiptda, Indecda, Braghmaint.

dip

Laicdemo/;/, 2540

Tragianda, Traig, Dardain, Dalmait, Daic, Eithiop,

so, fer tra

Pa he

cech perla dhiph

na

lion

sgoile, et

na

tri

Perla sain tra cech cinel

sin, iss

ed rofoghlad and.

saidhe, rofaid^/ o Fenius

Ni cech comchin///dono dochuaid 2545

and dochum a criche don foghl<^/;;/ acht is commberlaig,

cech

fer

diph

fria berla.

amal rogabh Cai Cainbr^///ach, dalta Feniusa Farsaidh,

dara deisgipul sechtmogat nasgoile, pa do Eaphr^/aiph

in

bunad

et

tuisdigi 7

pa go hEcipta rofaided, fobith pa hand patar a

7 tuargpad asa aididh, conid aire 2550

pa hand ron-alt

^** Sicir

*'*"

mais Mesgail mair

'^^^

araais

AURAICEPT

YBL.22i^i5

i8o

[sin Eg.]

dochum
robatar

asp^ri gcurp lipair Is cech comberla dochuaid

Secht mbliadna
a criche 7 ni cech comchineoil.
na deisgipuil forsin gcuairt sin, 7 teora bliadna
:

samlaidh, conid desin asbertsim

deic/i

cind

deic/t

comdar

iar dtiacht

doiph ag taspenadh a ngresa a bos

tsis

curp lipair

2555

mbliadan iar sgailed doiph on tour for gach

an berla-sa doib.
Poi tra cuicc^r ar fichit pa huaislem don sgoil [dono %.]
fedha J taobomna
>
et it e tra an; anmanda-sidhe fordotait
2560
Nabgad^;;/,
Saliath,
Loth^Forand,
Bobel,
:
ind ogaim, ut est
Moreth,
Hiruath, T)ab/ii, Tailimon, Cainaen, Calebh,

leth doreibed

Gadmer, nGomer,

Ruben, Acap, Ose, Uriath, Etroi-

Stru,

ludonius, Afrim.
chius, lumelcus, Esu, laichim, Ordinos,
sin

Is iet

cuicc/r ar

in

Na

Feniusa.

sgoil

huais// 7

dao

Tochar
nin.

cie
*

and,

son

Ar

aipgitir

ind

Moir

is

an

is

e na da fidh

It

[ea

Itberat 2570

oi].

isinn

z.x\c/it

Aisia,

Gluingeal

Aimergin

aranic

it

on moirseiser pa

fe<

tuas

bethi- luis-nin

an

forsail,

is

Inbir

Miled

Atberat araile

ba haredha diph rohainmnig-/.

dofoirin^et frisna cuig

araile

filit

ind ogaim 2565

rohainmnig/rr

diph

tri in trop).

fedha [airegda Eg?^

pa huaisH poi

airedha

huaisl

is

secht

fichit

fedha

coig

on coig/z^r pa
a o u e i [secundum aili

dano,
iet

anmanda

ogaim.

Cie

'

ic

mac

litir,

cie

no
Ina forbaigt//^r foc/?
2575
tin^^sganar
son ger fogapar O nach fuach tre'n
'

-i-

disail

dinin

'

gilcach

caiti

iet

tath//<^

ina

Cest,

ngetal.

airnin no ngetal
iIxx, da
airme tur Nemruaid? A hocht. Da comairl/^
da cenel Ixx na daine, da berla
deisgip;^/ Ixx,
berlada
Ixx ina sgoil, da thuaith Ixx lasa mbatar na
ar 2580
aigdi
Da
Da tsaor Ixx frie gnim.
et na cenela.

Ixx, iter aol

2561

is

Calep

2M7 secundum ailia

2568 xnoirtseiser

is
'^^^

trii

bitamain 7 talmain 7
huaislim

secundum alios
an b 1 n a n

troip,

'^^

-i-

1.

"-"^

coigir

tri

in troip

^^M

nach

"-^"

cinela

YBL.

AURAICEPT

221/3 42

coimhecar.

Da chem

Ixx

Airem cinntech an tuir so

Aiiim an

ina

i8i

lethet

amal

(rher

hic:

tuir togaidi

2585

Neamruaid, pa din do daoiniph,

Cethri ceimend sechtmogat,

Cet ceimend ar coig milib.

Da

comairhV/ sechtmogat

Tugsad

Da

cuigi

s\\xa\%ed

fri

2590

berla for sechtmogait

Rothidhnaic Die dia mbuaidred.

Da

chin?/ for

Dona

Da

daoinib

sechtmogait
frie

Fedoz/ Feinius

Da

fria

tuaith tsaora

Forofoglait

Da

dograind,

deisgipul sechtmogat

fir

2595

foglaim.

sechtmogat

thalm<2

prim tsaora sechtmogat

Frie helartfain na n-adpar.

2600

Da aigdi for sechtmogait

Na adhpar comadh gnathach,
Iter ael

is

bitamain

Is \.2\vs\ain ocus tathlaiph.

Secht cubait dec deimnighti

Ag nim
Is

suas

da ceim

Ina lethet

fri

for

frie

gaoith ngairz^

2605

sechtmogait
haiream.
Air/w.

(222) Adberait aroile

batar isin tour

lin,

-i-

bitamain de

immorro

is

naoi n-adhp^zV

cre 7 uisgi, ola 7 fuil, ros et aol,

qidpiis dicitnr

nama

seuchim, 2610

Cre, uisgi, ola, is fouil,

Ros,

aol, is lincuir lan,

Tuis, mirr, biodamain co mbuaid,

Naoi n-adhpair
"''''

na dp-

VBL.

na n-adb- Eg.

in tuir
'-^'

Nemruaidh.
na adbair

2615
'*!"

seichim

l82

AURAICEPT

YBL.222a5

Eg. 65

a lo

Caiti log 7 aimser e persa 7 tugait (sgribind) ind Urai-

Ni ansa.

cepto?

Haonlog eim

leapraip sin, amal isber in

deighencu

dethencu

in os

a gcurp lipair

edh

is

file
is

is

toisichu.

deighencu ariecht

is

dona ceithrib

coir

In os toisechu

ed

is

is

ed/i

is

In us toisichw

leapar Cinn- 2620

-i-

faolidh meic Oilella.

Log

aimsir 7 persa

Loc do ceudus

sgriphind an

et tuccait

Doire

Luruain,

aimsir

lipair-si.

aimsir

di

Aodha meic Ainmerech.

Persa do
Cendfaolaidh mac Ailella. A tuccait sgribin^ a inchin<^
[dermait Eg.] do bein a cind Cin^'faolad
gcath Muighe
Rath. Ceithri buadha didm in chatha sin
maidm
Domnaill

meic

2625

-i-

Congall ina gaoe

for

nDomnall

rie

ina

firin/e

et

Suiphne

mdh do laidhiph doroine J

Alpan do phreit/i ind fir d'feraiph Erenn 2630
ina chois leis gan airiugud -i- Duip Die ainm ind [flijir
thall dono et a inchind dermaid do \>/treit/i a cind Cinnfaoladh ar a mhed do filidecht J do bhreathemnw.? J do
Geilt

do dol

for gealtacht ar

in fer d'feraiph

>

leighend olQ^saig.
Caiti

log 7 aimser

Ni

Airraicepto?
n-aimsir

persa

tugait

mac

Conchubair meic

Nessa

doathnuaighiuster

Ailella

hurmor

na

sgribind

Log do Emin Macha

arichta.

dorinne do breith aosa faind for

fil?

re

et

ansa.

seis.

ind 2635
J

Feirchertne

Cendfaolad

nDoire Lurain maille

Atberat aroile cona had 2640

sgreaphtra.

aenliphar acht liphair imda J ni hinan<^ log-aimsera doiph.

Is e log-aimser an cetliphair iarsin c/ieaidsi.
Log d

Daire Lurain, J aimser Domna/// meic Aoda. Persa d

Cendfaolad mac Oilella. A tugait sgribhin^' 7rl.

Atat da erndail forsan aipgitir Laitianta

dealc annsin, Eg.)
firdegail asin
ai

ier

fis

guta

consain

-i-

(i-

coin- 2645

doaithned da

fointhnec/i for eibe ind ugtair luaidius in

bfiordliged

^'^^Ji/e written out

YBL.

fothu
'-^'^

an

an
libair

gotha uais toghaidhe lasa

'-S-^

goe

'^'^

Dubh Diad

2634

doleassi

AURAICEPT

YBL.222a3o

gcomhfogragit
Laitianto

bunad

-i-

andsin

derp(?/

i-

Atat

.suin.

-i-

sunt

i-

for lethon

do

frecra

Eg.

frithindlid^r/^

bunad

totus a

183

651343

ruidlista 2650

na haipgitre dobeirsim

toit

sund.

Ar

bunad -i- bunad ier fogar

7 bunad iar gceill 7 fogar
7
ie[r] bfogar amal ata modao a noinine quod est modus : iar 2655
gceill prius^ id est, ab uno a bunad: iar gceiU 7 fogar,
/// est, quartus a quatuor, uel tercius a teirsio.
Bunad ier
gcosmailius foghair nama totus don focul is atat, ar is
ainm totus, 7 briathar atat. Coic rand indsgi ind focail
atait

nama,

is

atat, ar atat

ainm.

hernaile for

tri

bunad

iar gceill

nama,

ocht randa indsgi and, id est : Nonien

Prononien

-i-

ni ar

Participiuni

atuerbiuni.

Coniungcio

breithir.

son

nie,

-i-

cenglus na

ni

-i-

anma

2660

Uerboni,

tu.

hainm

ni cruthaigther a

-i-

-i-

ioclu

re

cheile.

Preposlitlio { ni geinter a breithir 7 ciell preithri aici 7

cena beith 'na

pre^//air.

na hinntindi

gan a peth

n-anmanda
7

laisin

dobriathar,

Inteiriectio ni asa dtuigther toil

'na oail

Laitneoir

randgap/r/

-i-

ar atat a

tri

-i-

a n-ilar.

a n-uathad 7 a

A
No

ind

atat

Is

am

deimin

is

et

briathar

est.

2670

a n-ilar and.

tu, ^/

-i-

ata

se, a tri

atathai, simt

Ceudpersa uathaid sum, persa

ilair estis, (col.

cowsaim.

tri

2665

e a

sunt ; J masa brathar ca ball do breithir

tre persa uathaid

tanusa

It

comacomal, remsuidigud

Sum { ataim, es { ata

Sumus { atamait, estis {
cis,

u.

ainm, pronomen, briathar

interecht lasin nGaidel chena.

in focul is atat

ac, ua,

-i-

Ceudpersa

^) tre persa

a n-uathad.

atait siat, a tri

tan<7/j-e

ilair

uathaid

sumus, persa 2675

ilair sunt.

dano -i- atat da ai a n-ait

ai guta 7 ai
Ata ai a n-ait -i- ata dlig^/a n-ait ind ollaman.
i-

ata ai uait

-i-

ar in

deisgipul frisin maigistir.

inde beus ataat a tuided, doaithnet, doaidbed, doiagod. 2680

airpert
-''"'''

uwJo

-i-

'^'*''^

atat a n-aigne
proposicio

'-''"''''

-i-

na guta

tuicthar

^'"

Origg.

na consaine
i.

I4

-*'"

emh

i84

YBL.222/3

AURAICEPT

Eg. 65

dotuidhet uait a lipriph [uaid a Htrib, Eg:]

asinn aignedh sin
bfoclaiph

litriph

eoW:

indsge

ciall

doaitbet

7 a caireachtaire

doaithnet asna litriph sin

bunad Laitne in
erndail -i- da duer deil
degail uaisle indsin.

mbith da degail
erndail

-i-

\itrec/i

ud

atat

is

docent

iar

da

-i-

Da

ali.
-i-

da

cotearsna dono anisin arin bfail a 2690

Ni cotarsna dono,

randa and.

sonaib cen co beith iar gceiU.

da dul ferrda no da ard dul

nou da

-i-

no go mad

eur wdiSal 7 deil degail

-i-

uaisle bit vii

no [da Eg^ eur dul

fir-indeall

{ocail

Is

ar atat a secht indip

doaisbenad d'eochtaiph

-i-

ros eolus 7 sgoth indsgi 2685

-i-

fuatha na

-i-

ous a

Da

tinwtaidhid

-i-

dotiagat asna foclaib sin a sretha rosga

fasaigh 7 airchetail on ^MdecJit

i-

b 28

uas^r/ dul.

firnaill

no da

Da

da dul arda

-i-

ernduil

-i-

da

-i-

da

no da erdeghail no 2695

firdul

no da eurdual -i- lanfogur 7 defogur 7 consanacht -ian u 7 an it e da dual na ngutha no da orra dul no da

erdail

orra dul no da orra degail no da orra dail.

or 7

tri

er 7

ind Uraiciopta.

tri ir

Eg^

duail 7 [ceithre duail 7

7 muiti et tinfedh,

gconsaini

intan

duail na gconsaini

7 in

Da

sa7n.

vi

intan

nguta

is

a se

-i-

tri

intan

dual

na nguta

is

n[a]
7

tri

duail na consaini 2705

lnfog^r J defoghar 7 cons'/^acht

-i-

u: lethguta

nguta, leth-

da

dual

tri

an Uraicepto? 2700

duail na consaine.

a cuig, da

is

na nguta

7 tri duail
in

tri

immorro, da dhual na

cethair

i-

v duail 7

LanfogrtT 7 defogrr da dual. na

Ni ansa.
guta

Is iat sin tri

Caidiet da dual 7

muiti J ned,

tri

duail na gcon-

dual na consaini, lethguta 7 muiti; ar

is

muiti

hua.

Forsin aipcitir

-i-

ondi

is

aipcitorium

epe actor no ebe Mghair: no ebe

rohicrt^

ic

an tor

no

mbeusgna do chach

2"'"''

ro eolus 7 scoth innsci

-*'^''

da erdeil

'-''''"'

aipcitir

ondi

ioc
-i-

no aipcitzr ondi

fhirindell

i-

tin^/sgetal

duar no
iss
is

ic

no 2710

tur

-i-

aipcidhius a

apericis, ar is hi

-"^''

d'eolchaib

'-'""'-

tinfedhaigh

'i-

a ciall, dicunt aili

'-"'"

appcidhes

AURAICEPT

YBL.222/3 32

no

Eg. 65

1S5

2al4

aipgitir ond

aipex a

sgaiHus a

mbesgna do chach

Greig

cindedh no tosach aipcitre a Gaidilc, incipit a 2715

[i-

apex a Greic

Laitin,

apgitir ab agitorio,
sin a

main

duol

in

Eg\

?it

per

se

c, d, 7 reliqiia J ais

do taithmech gacha

coir, ar is lor

-i-

is

apexe de deubam a hEpra, no

dixit quasi a, b,

Aipgitir

a hhreith co punad Laitne.

litcrarain

focail

copula con uel

est

no com- 2720

ata ind aipgitir ina coimtinol

cengal litrioch cona comfielus archena, no dano aipgitir

depham

a Gaidz7c, incipe a Laitin, apexa a Greig, apexade

a

hEeapra,

Laitin o Laitin mac Puin meic

Jrl.

meic Sadairn dictus

no

Laitin

Latinatass, Laitianda uada-side

est.

dicta

latitudine

dtogail Troe ropoi Laitin, 7

na hed.da

7 ropui

inde na

luaided

edh dliged,
ag fuasgladh
i-

is

don

ar

est,

mbesgna cenmotha Gaid//c

cech

7
:

ar

Edon

{ocal.
-i-

bfuil

no Eg.

Eg.

is

[quani 272.5

oni.'\

ier

fada roime sin rofoghlait

No

Laitinnda

ed aon a eirnedh

-i-

-i-

fuasgladh no dliged bis aenar 2730

no edh ain a aineol^'w

edh son a
[tidloc?*^

is

leithe

is

Latinatas o tsin ale.

eirnedh

Picc

remaind

no edh ind so on

no edhon

07n.] tinoci/

i-

-i-

edh Wged

tidnocw/

dligth^://

dobeir se don ocul da cheile.

Guta
guth

-i-

guth fhotha

faiti iersinni faoidit

gotha

no guth

Prisianus dixit

fed

-i-

fotha gotha

triotha

iad-sidhen

no guth sed

iersinn fdaid

-i-

sed in

guth ind aonar.

: Litera quaisi leigitcria co

quod

no 2735

Ut

itcr lcginti

amal inwtech in leigi<:/ iersinni faoires

no guth-eth[ai]t iersinni fedaid guth 2740
treotha a n-aonar, amal ata a ard, 7 inis, 7 o cluas, 7 o
no guth ait -i- dogniat guth a n-ait, /// Donatus
ft'rcend

prebed
scd

-i-

ita in litir

an leighind

dixit
et

pcr

Uocaileis dicuntur quaepcr se (223) quidiniproferuntur

se sillabani faciunt

-i-

atat

na

guthr/>i

doturgbat

treotha fein 7 dogniat sillaoba a n-aonar, ut Prisianus dixit : 2745

'^'^*

ubhan

-'^

2740

ormh

'-"^"

cL

"

edhu ain

-'^"-

ata

'^'^'

iss

edh suo

Prisiens dicitui

l86

AURAICEPT

YBL. 223a3

Uocaleis dicmitaur que per se voces eficiutiUir

and

litr/

dogni

guth tretho

literailis profeirri 7ion potest

-i-

Consoin onni

is

'na hecmrtzV.
i-

fetar

ar

caimiti

is

caomsuin

son

-i^

-i-

foc/

caom

Noconsoini- 2750

-i-

tsoin

caoma

soin

-i-

coma tsuin

no

dogniatswm

guthz^i

fri

suin cumaidhi

-i-

iainic [a Eg.'] fogar a n-aonur

et sioniol fri

vox

na consaine maille

fogar

n-irlapra

no consain

uocales

is

consanantes comfograightech

suoin no caoin suin no

guth^aiph inti

ed

guth do denam

iarsinnifograided Iaguth<?^ibh dogreas.

cuma

i-

na

is

-i-

sine quibus

uel

fein,
litir

652:149

Eg.

coma-

-i-

Cid 2755

iozul.

ar a n-eipertsium guta 7 consaine, uair guthrt/^i uathaid 7

Cid ar a n-epert guta

ni fotha in

Guta

Ni ansa.

consaini iolair?

guth do

consaine

guth fotha no guth fouiti? uair

-i-

ni

fein, 7

guth

{?io\\\end

Cid ar a nd-eupert consain comfograigtech

(ogrsiigend in consain fria fein

a nd-epert guta

guth sd

-i-

maith and.

is

na

trid

uair ni

com- 2760

Cid ar

guthaioi.

frie

fein.

uor ni sdh disi hi puddein.

Caiti ruidlius J dilius, coitcend 7 in/lius in iocail

guta?

Ni ansa.

a aonar.

Ruidles di guth

Diles

guth

di

Coitcend di guth fotha, uair

is

fota cend

Indles di guth fotha, uair ni fotha

nd-uprtrt aipgitir

na

isbeir

^x'mCo&xXaib cid riesiu

Is

nAisia

remebartmar.
ansa.
i-

is

etargaire
-i-

dono

Feinius.

tisS'c/

Pa

condelg

-i-

fors

n-edtCr/^/a {

Jiic

amal

oghaim
n-eter///a

Fors,
tre

fors ferr

-i-

Ni

ferr anfis

fortciudh
fios

i-

-^^ ortw^/. siniul

fograidh

-"''

27.%

^jjj guto

^'' gute

-''^

-'^^

-'''

coma

suin

fortced

na

etechta 2775

ainbfios.

-'""'"

-"" aipcitre

sai sidhe isna tri

ind

aipgit/r
in

caiti

conipai'aitio

maith

Cid ar a

atuaid 7 ni saithe cen aipcitr/, 2770

aricht

Cest,

conndelg

indsin, ar ni

2765

foclaiph.

innti fein.

In cetna hernail ind Airaicepto.

Gaideilgi

dona

fein.

eipi ic tuor, ar n agin tor rotin^scointi

-i-

amal

haipgitri

nos-fuidhend

uair

fuiti,

is

uair fedhaig guth

fet,

comfoghruidhend
conn-eitiecht, for fid

AURAICEPT

YBL.223a29

Cd doichned,

ced ichned an Airatceptai sond

ceddoichw/ fern arin focul

for.

ceddichned

/ors,

is

no

8/

forail arin bfociil is

eipi ugdair, oir teibi in foc;// fein

2780

dono.

Atat dano da
ogavn.

caingen

ai

Da
i-

erndail

ernail

in

-i-

-i-

da

caingen remaind

mbith
fedha

i-

no

ai

bioth ai eolus

-i-

-i-

n-ar ndiagh.

an ogaivi

eolus na hai 2785

-i-

bithi leisna s,mdih nobith slonnad leis

taobom?/^:, id

an

ier ndail forsin mbeithi-luis-nion

foirithn^^in beithi luis

isin

an

mbeithi-luis-nion

forsan

Roraidius atad romaind. Dana-i- da n-ai indsin

on

uocales et consonantes, uair

est,

doradus da erndail forsan aipgitir Laitianta.

Da

erndail

dano forsan mbeithi-luis-nin an

og

uma

-i-

Ogmu

-i-

ogaivi

in

-i-

ogaim 'i- onn is

nin ainm da gach

forsin mbitheolus leiterda ind

mon

ogaini J nion ton^, ar

ispert in

is

Ni fortgealW >^9BK

^^

mo

nioa Neidhi.

H<

heigius
>4lfH ^^

Ailiter {oxX.g\aid eiccius tar idha 7 ailm

Idhedh

andsin.

gach mairp.

ainm

ar

d' aipgitir

-i-

Lug mac

moaum

is

in

dedi
is

pi

do

is

in

beithe xosgx\^ad do

No

sin.

hi

is

?\\id.

lugha 2795

toraind dona v

Is airi itet beithe

-i-

ceinelo

gach

c^/lapra

ind ogaim, ar

a.

and rosgrip?^ ogum

is

1
1

didiu

Is sruithe \&xuni in

doinsgain o

ni

he a fidh

is

Ailm

primfedhaiph.

x\\n

2790

amal

file

Mell suide, dar

don

litir

iachtad

bethi-luis-

ainm

aipgitr/

sech gach fidh, 2800

xo?,cx\^ad

hxeitli

indi

xohaid do

im dala a mna na x\xgiha uad hi a

mbethi a n-aonfleisg do beithi
'br;thar
do ben uait fo vii a sith no a bferandaip aile muna (col. /3) 2805
coimeta hi.' Bethi-luis-nion ainm aipgitrz an ogaini, ar
sidhaip'

is

Y\}c\end

i-

'

vii

i-

o beithe doinsgain

fuaigther go hog a
-"'*'
-'^'''

in

ogunt

n-irlapra,

-i-

ogh uama, ar

in

No

oguni

-"*
mbeithi-luis-nion, written out
doradais
Nedhe fortgella eolus Feine 7

niono

-i-

-"""

^w

is

de

og uaim a
Oghma

jsJq fortgell

geall a

i88

cugam

anogh

cid

bfocl(t/<^

Ogma mac

H Britainia, id

amal

isber

est^

ogaim

leapar

in

dano

aiccenta

na

fidh

-i-

Feda

bunad

in

fedh

gne

sin

-i-

da bunad agin

Ag

phfidh saorda

iersinni

fotha

is

fid

is

funo

Ingnad

7 fundanientuni,

airp^rt \n\?norro

consain
airpfc^rt

aigenta

fair intan
'\\.er

aigenta, ut est int

legtachrt/
in secht

no

sin

comad

consoin

2820

fo

na

bfid aiccenta,

funo a dualgus 2825

coitcend doibh

is

no doire
no

(focul)

-i-

bfidh

forin

no

guth^z^i

no go mad fotha a 2830

Coitchend dano a

taprt/rt

saorda 7 aiccenta.

dono a

Indles

-i-

isin

cid fodera

eipert aire

\mnwrro

saorda

fidh

coill

-i-

litir

saorda 7 aigenta.

frie sloinrtfedh

fodera

is

foghair

imniorro fidh

indi

aonbunad icon

aiieantsi indas fein fair

is

intan

fotha ucl a funo,

\-

ogair,fundajnentuni a dualgus fotha, 7

araon fotha.

2815

coitcend d'fidh saorda 7 aigenta

is

saorda
i-

-i-

fidh ind

-i-

fundanientiini.

fid

suidhe

for

ogaim
Fid saorda cetamus atat

maith a edh ag foghrugud.

-i-

he rainig 2810

Fiod dano on breithir \sfundis

xeruin

Gaidilc in guth^zz^i 7

is

Eg.'\.

fothoigim, uel a nomine fundaj/ientuni

fogmidim.

occuiii

Athair ogaim Ogma,

da

coilled.

da gne do hnnadh occa.

a 10

uocatir 7iel in lingua

fidh saorda

forra aniugh, ut est

filet

[Ogma

^tat

fi<^)

fidh saorda 7 fid aiccenta

fid

No

litribh.

nomine

libro isto

mathair Ogaiin lam no sgian

Fedha

Eg. 66

Ealathan mec Dealphaith, ar

na Sgot cusna hanmandoiph

Htri

AURAICEPT

YBL. 223^4

for losaiph

tap(t//'t
2i\t.end

no

in fraoch 7rl.

for fonialus intan is fid

do iarraidh
iar

q no g no

Ni ansa.

Ar

is

fedha intan
:

no a

saorda

is

fidh

tapZzV-t for

ct is

techta 2835

gach focul Gaoidelce. Cid

do beith niabrt for u sech gach
h\o do q quidini u, ni hingnad
in

st

mad solma tista di forsin nguthrt/^d iermo. Ata dano do

med fogrt/> s cona rathoigther fogaur u ierum, ut Ogricus (?)

cia

dixit : s in principio ucl ut sillabani sonat.

-'^^''

coilte

^'''

ar leith- a no for

fonialus T.

Comacsi dano
'^^^

Ogria/s T.

2840

YBL.

beime g don

luicc

cairdius
fo

fri

edh a

fo a

and,

aoi

n-airchet<?/: aoi

i-

pis

ai

saigi?/^'

-i-

ima med no ima 2850

-i-

ier n-ioc a loigi.

onn

n-airechda bit Eg.l

aoi

gcein

in

oga gapail

miodius

no

indi 2845

shaighiw^-,

dano

taoph uaim na haoi

i-

-i-

aoi

-i-

-i-

ai

ailius

-i-

aei uair atat coic

is

-i-

no taob uaimnecha

tobadamwrt iarsinni tophar damhna [na

Cid ar a nd-epairt taob uaim n-ai

taob uaim a

Eg.\ raidim

aoi' [azo

do thaobaiph na n-oumna mor

-i-

89

no ar a

fein

a torad a

-i-

edh a

fo

Ai

chan//i-

ai

E taopomna

omna

suidhiu ina inne

canus,

aei

suighius.

ai tsuigius

teine

-i-

fedha

-i-

a loige

cuincc-if

loiget

edh

fo

ailius,

aoi

menmain

fora

no

a fosgadh no (fo) a suth

ai

miodius,

og

q.

-i-

66ia45

iermo no cid do u

guthai'g-i

sund a inne

Eg.

Fid aiccenta immorro fidh na coilled

airdi

edh

is

i-

AURAICEPT

223/3 34

bit

na fidh

no taob

ova^ia 2855

fo/l, Eg.'] eisibh.

taop uaim

-i-

no taob-

[i-

n-airchet<^//,

ar bi ant airchetal a n-QCVc\ais na dtaophoumna.

Cid ar

n-omna mor (bit), ar n

da taophaib na bfiod bit acht rempa no ina ndiaigh 2860
Toba damhna immorro
isna foclaib pit na taopoumna.

a nd-ep/rt do taobaiph na

is

he ruidhHus

roraid

'atat

Eg.

a.\gena

in focail.

Frecra do breithir [tug intan

da erndail forsin

o/u.]

aipgitir'

i-

do

frecra

tug intan roraid, 'atat da ernail forsin

2865

mbethi-\us-m'u an ogaim!

Cuin

Cuin

(234).

treda

arda

aon/a

is

is

deda?

beithi-luis-nion
-i-

fedha

Ni ansa.

taophomna.

et

fedha 7 forfedha 7 taopomna.

-i-

Tri haicm^? na

Ni ansa.

in

taopomna

na cuig fedha airedha ind ogaiui.

Cuin

Uile

Cuin

Cuin

is

is

ceth-

-i-

b, h,

is

coicti

m,
?

7
-i-

taopomna -i- tri haicmi na dtaopomna

seichimh nGreigda
no co mad hed bud coicti and
fedha

forfedha 7

-i-

frisinni roraidius

^"

> XQ -C

ina airde,

aedh

'^'

^^^^ 7 o

'^'^^

fo a

fota,

Cuin

adh no a suth

[is

Eg.]

2870

I90

YBL. 224

seda?

tri

-i-

foilcesta in ogaini

No comad hed pud

frisna

-v-

Cuin

is

seachta

iC-

reman^

//^

f///

coicte in

Gaoid// 2875

Uraicepto

ind

fuillti

-i-

foilcesta in ogaiin frisna se

tri

'

/ff/

beth[e] conngaip greim p,

cuin

b 28

-^ .,1^^.

teora

No

^.

^^* ^^

i-

///

|j|(|

est

-i-

Eg. 66

seda and seichimh

rannaiph ut

^-J

'

AURAICEPT

a 7

amal

cetus

isbeir

is

ed

fuillius

Laitneoir

in

b 2880

aspiracione

ante omnes vocaleis ponitur pro p -iremsamuigth^r b co dtinfed ar p coiti iwxWes h, ar is

p
tinftv/ a nGaidilc.
Dicunt aili co na bi h araon re b do
lucc p acht is b a aonar bis ar p, ut dixit Priscianus
Atnbo pro anipo, buxus pro puxus b inntib sin ar p 7 ni 2885
b co tinfed amail adberat araile.
:

Forsail

oile,

bfail

greim
in

fot

dara

in

fuill'^
-i-

recair

fuilcesta

in

ogaim >
ria

^ ^

-u-

baile

(j

/^^

is

Coll

mbiadh nion

[[[[

in

tres

i\x\\\ed

cetus

re ngort

ar
is

>

'y

coll

([|(|

Gort cetus ar gort ndiuit

\\\\

ii.

< T.

20, 18

142, 14

28:!

-^^^

bfail

amal

ata

ndiuit

ata.

ngetol ^.ghihar

jf^

str represented by only 3 cross strokes in YBL.

seichem in Gaidil T. sechim n in Gaoedhail ,.,,-d

-^ Gr. Lat.

and

Teora

>"

-i-

///f
sgript//rtr

||||

<

^/

*^^

^''-

is

da taobomna, gaibid airnin

c&nn no gloun;/, ar ni bi &mv\ad 2890

n-ai, ut est

coll

and, ut est

J87.5

cumang fedha

dobeir

gaibius airnin greim in dara taobomna.

mbiad

Cech

-**'^

-i-

Airnin

les

>^^^#<-

aile

sron.

ogaim.
Is aire

e in

is

son do

forin

qccus

ata.

Cech

-'S'S

ranna

S83

t Ji^^t

-2896

^s sgripta

2895

AURAICEPT

YBL.224a28
bfaili

mbia

ata yyy^^~'j-rrTn

is

firdegail

m,

n,

do imcisin

f,

muiti

a ttuisdigi rempa.

ni

fir

Sfzwaiph

Di

Laitneoir
threorcr//

laithreoir

-i-

onn

-i-

da

i-

-i-

f,

1,

is

forna con-

firdegrt//

lasin lethanfoirzV/^m

-i-

gach red

no 2910

isin Laitin

iarsinni laithres co treorach

latinatas

no legh-treor?/^ no

lethghotha

da

i-

-i-

Cia adupramrtr gu rab 2905

lasin Laitneoir

iarsinni foirius in Laitneoir

Laitneoir

Is aire

coir g.] and.

is

dano

ernail

cumaidhi

ogam.

ar 2900

ed o guth J ni hedh o fogur.

h, k, p, q, t a dtuistige ina ndeoig

sin acht

b, c, d, g,

-i-

isinn

[is

Ina lethguta cetus

de suidhip.

and amal

sgripta

for consana'ibh lasin 'La.itneoi'r

lethguta J muiti.

i-

r, s,

lethguta

Na

dano

ernail

is

ar sail ndiuit ata

cetus

Sail

<^-

sdraiph

coir teora foillcesta na ormcesta

Da

i-

sin treidhi is coir

iat

is
is

tinne

rie

sail

I9I

662:16

Hg.

dia

no

Laitneoir

Lethguta

lethan-toir/t.

fogrugad

no

no

lit/r-

-i-

no
no lethguthait no lethguthsdh no leth- 2915
guthfotha 7 ni hiersinni co mad leth gotha go cert nobeith
inntib acht nad roichit lanfogur, ttt Priscianus dixit
i-

foc^rdad

luitguth

luaidhit guth

Seiine dei seinie uiri dicuntur sed

nicidiain partini deoruin uel

uel uiri non siint

-i-

non\ quia qui de-

[I.

uirorum

Jiabent sed

no

cia raiter lethdei

qui pietii dei

lethfir, ni hier-

2920

n7ii baitis lethdei no lethfhir acht na tot comhlana, sic

na lethguta

ni

dod comlana

amal at^ a mbaili

-i-

oile

quicuit [/] duas partes dividitur altera pars seniis dicet

-i-

secib ni ogJiailt/iQr a ndiph randaip ra'er in dara rand co

rab leth

B) cin cob cudruma,

(col.

na lethguta

sic

ni dot 2925

comlana, ud Donatus uel Priscianus dixit

sunt que per se quidim proferuntur

se sillabam

non

Atat na leth guta ni hi doturgbat treotha

fein

faciuntjv\si
et ni

denait

sill<^?/^

auditus expeillit

'^

Gr. Lat.

291^

toirnid

V.

-i-

ico, 3

treotha

indarbaid int
r

-'-"

hiersin

oui.

per

Quiquid asperum dicitur

fein.

'-'"^

et

Senie uocaies

esticht

'^'~
29->.'

p.

^ta

secip ni raiter 2930

zwh

decch-

-!0

auc/i(ur

YBL.

AURAICEPT

YBL.224P6

192

Muiti

co hacarp.

-i-

mi-aiti

Eg.66 2a35

no a muiti
meto a n-aonar iet no

bec

-i-

ait

a fogair

muitid a n-aonur no muiti -iguth a mbeth maraon re

[muiti -i- moiti ^n] muiti -i- miti in
:

i.

guthrt^aib: no muiti

mnai

-i-

amlapar -i- ainm do

chat [cach -] n-amlapar 7 as- 2935

onni

bailph, 7 uodhside for

viutus,

is

sidhie forsnahisi 7 ni ara ni batis

amlabm

doraith, ar atat

Informis
:
a fogur inntib cid ad beca iit
qui\_a\ vialeformata cst
mulier dicitur non quia caretforvia sed
ni he sin ni tsechmallus
.\. adberat in bansgul dodhelpha 7
Priscianus dixit

o deilph acht drochdealph fuirre tantiim.

muiti ni tat nemfogairacht
Is amlaidh sin [iarum Eg^, na
No muiti -i- mifotha
ar terci a Uogair inntib nama.
a fogair, ut Donatus
indsin ar thanacht 7 [ar Eg:\ etroime
per se
sunt que nec per se proferuntur et
dixit

2940

Mutae

sillabam non faciunt

-i-

na muiti acht nocha denait

atat

int

2945

Ina

budeisin.
treotha fein 7 nocha turgbat treotha
no don
br^/Z/emhnus
mes
cetna
lethguta cetumus -i- in
seis
for
hai
cetna
hamus forsinn aisneis no don

sillaib

cetna

no co na ba heicc^ a taithmech
na muiti
thaithmig/z^r in timarr o fil a[c] clusail

no don cetna hai

a
is

menm^

fis

it^r

o quidem at^ cechtar de.

tuism^/

adhaip

tuisdige

na fedha oirechda do suidhiph

.i-

-i-

-i-

dona caingnibh dligtechaib no

do suidhiph

-i-

doipsidhe.

tuisdige

ar 2950

an luchd ota a
-i-

dona haib

for suidhiph

no

an lucht o ata a
na guthaigi. Cid 2955

-i-

-ituisdige -i- tesargain no a tinnsgna

masa tustaigi in
ndiaig
ina
tuistigi
ar a nd-epertsum a
[Ni hedh
deoigh.
uair ni gnath in tinsgetal fa

tinsgetal,

dosum ar mad tuisdighe acht madh in aei

gotha fil dtocht
roseichiustar ina menmain -i- in dHged
2960
do airisim leis fa deoigh, Eg:\ 1 an dHg^^

eimh

is

ail

na lethguta

inntib fa deoigh do chur uad/r/.y.

ar mad
himairgidi son lasin nGaidel mac Eithiuir

consanachta

29.^

amlabhar

2939

atberar

Nir po

fil

-'^

muili

uodo-side

YBL.

^=0 i^

'^^^

amlabra

g marro

^^

^xzcex-^ta

set

qra

^^ tustighe, tusa.gi

YBL.
YBL.

AURAICEPT

Eg. 66

2b26

193

doip diplinaiph an guth reimhiph 7 ina ndiaig.

Ar

as ed

roba himairgif? laisium comad in tuisech do airisim

lais 7

YBL.224^30

an deigenach do chur uadh conid muiti

an ogaim acht forfedha nama.
nir

ba himaruga son

son

togaidi

-i-

Cid ar narpo

tormaigh.
lasin

Nir po himairgidi son

ngaoth dul

-i-

an

mad

aigned no ar

nGaoidel

i-

Ar mad

raibi in dul gaoth.

doip dib

aigenti

for-

s'lad

-i-

himarcci/(? son lasin

aga

fer

2965

-i-

bo heim airec suadh

nir

-i-

bo himaireachtain suadh son

nir

i-

uile bethi-luis-nin

lionaiph

2970

dona

-i-

-i- remaibh dona lethgutaib e

At^ acht lem and chena iss ed
suad iaisium on comad a ix rosheich-

lethgutaiph 7 dona muitibh

ina ndiaighdona muitibh.

ropui

eimh airechta

ustar ina
lais fo

menmain

-i-

in

gutha/ge

isin lethgutanoairij-^/

fil

deoigh 7 an deigenach do cur uadh

fuach do choir

suad

ai int

-i-

tdaopomna do cur

in

2975

in deigenac/i

-i-

ar tus co

na m[b]a miait lapartha ata bitheolus literda ind ogaim acht

Per ewistrafen a hainm

fedha nama.
i-

tria deig'/zach imp'^

comad ne nobeith

and.

comdis muiti

na

uile

amal ata
Cid ar

do Feinius
uigcdh

fri

filet

7 en 2980
mbeth

nobeith and,

ferr laisiw a

Ni ansa.

muiti

Ar seichimh

lethguta leoside, ar robad do Gretgaip

no dono

is

ar uaisli uird na nGrec no na nguth- 2985

suidiugud a n-uord

prius po^iitur

mad

mbeth comdis lethguta

amal robatar agin Laitneoir?

nGreg, ar ni

le

el,

Laitneoir

sin lasin

et oinine

oca/,

7it

dicitur :

bonuni postponitur

i-

Oimne

uile

samaigther

(225) 7 gach [ndereoil ar ts 7 cach Eg^^ maith fa deoig et

gach sainemail co forbha ar

togaide no

madh

ai

mad

a.iccenta

gnith/ diphlinaiph

-i-

ar mad Uged
dona lethgutaib 2990

-i-

Ciarpo himairccide isna muitibh nir bo

7 dona muitibh.
hedh isna lethgutai.
Roimhe isna lethguthaigib 'na
ndeoigh -i- isna muitiph nir bo himairgide son et nir puo
coir son, et nir

lasuidhe

^
''^''^

po hecoir son.

comad

Ar

is

touisech doairised

airisiod

2969

sus fedha .MSS.

ed roba himaircc/</e

lais,

et in

deig^//ach 2995

Quij MSS.
\./er a^iasirophen a hai//m-sium

YBL.

194

AURAICEPT

225 a 7

do chur uadh co na muiti

suidi

-i-

laisidhe, co

in^di is tuisech

noairised lais
7

Niuil [meic

Eithiuir

Fenusa Farsaidh Eg.

go mad

-i-

-i-

07h.]

mad

nohainmnig///?r (jaidelg: no

do airisiodh

\xi\?>ech

lais

go

-i-

la

v(\ad

3000

guthaigi agin Laitneoir isna lethguth?^,^/^^

nobeth

deoig inwtip uile \ethguthzXg\

fo

guthaige nobeth

isin

Gaidel

la

-i-

-i-

a 19

an ogaim

beithi-luis-nin

uile

lasin suidh
nama: la suidhi
no comad o Gaoidel Glas mac

acht fedha

mac

Eg. 67

in deigenach do cur uad ar tus

na

forp<2:
-i-

indiph 7

CcLntana.

muiti conach muiti uile

Ata bitheolus literda an 3005

i- co nach
a ngne muiti uile.
ogm'm acht fedha nama -i- a tinsgetal uadaibh fen 7 a forpa
i

Cinnus

nguthrt^aiph.

pat'gter uile, ut est

f,

tinsget^/ uadaiph

uadhaibh

ne
[a]

-i-

is

forpa

Ni

insa.

on guthaigi

fil

no saoi

-i-

is

eid/r na muiti a

Eg\

acht amal bid fhe

nopedh and, no ni

sis

sail

cidh

nguth^^aibh

Ni a nguth<7^- 3010
Ni tha.patr nt ugdar in

fein 'CmsganX.zx [tinscai^^t^r

nin,

-i-

fern,

mo

no
ar

ni

n-apar muiti risna mmtt'd quam ar a dtinsgetul uadaiph

fein 7 ata

do

7 reliqva, 7

ar ni a nguth^^oiph ior-

sin,

fir

s, n,

fein

aiph forphaighter.

airemh a

is

do

'iexraidh

litriph

do

litrib

an ogaim sin

7 ni heicc'w co

a ngutha^oip orhaigter-s'\& do gres.

taibh '\mmorro orpaigter

f,

s,

Muiti

iat,

iadside

is

ar

is

luis,

aisdi 3015

fearn

/rl.

'Na nguth^^-

n: forpaigter immorro

ind ogaim a nguthz^ip, ut est beithi,

lethguta, ut est

mad

ind ogaim 7 do 'muitibh na Laitne, ar

tinne,

Jr\.

litri

muitib, ut est uad, quert. 3020

o muiti tinsganait acht fedha

nama

mad

o guth^aiph tinsganait.

Insgi tra cis

lir

insgi docuisin?

Ni ansa.

tri

-i-

fer-

Masg^/

indsge banindsge demeindsge lasin nGaid^/.

nemutur lasin Laitneoir. Cest, caiti deochair? Ni 3025

Nus-deochrend a tri herlanna innsge, id est hic,
ansa.
in ben, is
is e in fer, is
hec, hoc ; is i, is e, is edh
edh i[n] nem. Insge tra orasio uel sginnsia z. bunad Laitwi

feimm

30i

an

''<^fi

Nus-deochra/i'id

AURAICEPT

YBL.22Sa3o
a ndi sgieitsia

i-

no inniscai

conair:

ier

airpert

-i-

sin

195

ier cai

-i-

in//e.

neich a

Coitcend

/rl.

3030

thapazrt

no neamciallaide, saorda

ciallaide

'Ver

no indi

cai innis/i

no rad

erlapra

-i-

for cech innsge

Dilius a tapairt for gach [n-insce Eg?\ n-aiccenta

aigenta.
iter

a inde fesa

-i-

67ib9

Eg.

Euidlius a tapairt for gach

7 haninnsgi.

ferinnsgi

nama

ferinsge aiccenta

ar

do rad innsge 3035

fer toisech

is

Adani dixit Ecce otis de osibus ineis et cara de carne

imea -i- adcimsus [-i^ adcimsi Eg^ cnaimh dom cnamhaibh
:

feoil

Tra

-i-

dom

INdlius a tapairt for innsgi tsaorda.

feoil.

dorae uain

b7,

eme.

Cis

snig airme

lir

-i-

Docuisin

na

sin

no don

no disgnaigter, no
-i^
(sin)? Ni ansa
;

anond said ag

A
-^

tri

i[n]

ier

se,

no

do

-i-

tri

coi sin

cuinngid

d'fis

-i-

lasin saidh indsin

no

NuimzV

foirpti
i-

Ant aon ierum

tri

a se sin

a haon fo se, a do fo

tri,

foirpti sin, uair airiszV/coir 'na coitibh.

handsa son

ni

Atat dano

n-airem.

no

ni

-i-

ni

hernaile for 3050

tri

no a cuig

tri

immorro amal ata

aon a tseissed,

do

7 ri^
tri

et

fo do, 7

na

do
tri,

airemh 3055

Nuimir oullforpthi
s dc

immorro amal ata (col. /3) a d dec, oir

asait estiph i- a haon a oile dec, a do a

seissed, a tri a

CQthrainie, a cethair a trien, a se a leth,

amal rogaph a

'^'^

do raidh

^^*'

coi in fini sin

na do

^'^ Vulgate,
^'''

is

Gen.
he 16

3045

fair,

Cia lion atat na hinnsge

ar tairisigh co cir a gcoitzM

do dec a haon ierum

3040

cidne, caidiet

nuimir anfoirphti amal ata a

a leth.

n-i\ar,

cislir,

no docuisin

coi 'mnisin

a trien, a
i^

tri

fer,

a n-uathad, cesc, cuin, cid.

[saei in Eg.] son

-i-

himcomair-

se

-i-

tri

handsa

ni

cia lin

aisneis

-i-

hinnsge

tri

a n-ilar,

tarrustar.

ar ni fasand o quoitibh.

no

na

-i-

tri

douisim in//sge

-i-

don conair

tri

-i-

nGaid'/,

dono a

It

tra

cia ler

lasin

filet

Eg. om.]

nuimir

no

[It e cetus

n-ua.thad.

doiligh.

dorae innsge cuccaind

-i-

iar n-indisin aipcitr^

ii.

et
23

fasait

is

[na Eg.]
^^^

he

tri

tri

a se sin, a 3060

imcomairsnigh

^"^ fasaid dip

196

YBL.

225,8

AURAICEPT

671^40

Eg.

cethair iar [sin Bg.] coni/ [a E^^.] deich samlaidh e ina

se

conid

iarsin

bunad

sin is uille ara

taithmech a lethae
e ni

F'erin^sgi

foirius

mna

in^sge

Deimin/sge
:

i-

3065
ferr ina

-i-

in^sge na

no foirindsge iarsinni

a uiro

est

maith

\x\ds^Q

-i-

fir

no

iir

bannda

in<^sin

no

no bo 3070

mna

bios in/sge na

no

banin'/sge

no

deime

in

-i-

and

fil

ar rodigbait fuirre in

No

r\GdiO\elac/i.

no doeim innsge

ou//^a in/sge

demhoe cech neotar

lasin Laitneoir

-i-

deiminc/sge

is

fuirrz'

do duine,

in/sge

on brethir

is

deime

laisin

ar 3075

deino,

dedha remain//
is

no

h^Md

in^sg[e] dembeoaigh///i

-i-

Deimin^sge dano

hindsge sloinnius do phiu.

ni hi

rannoigi

is

dano.

fir

deimz'w in^/sge

no do

duine raidius

digbaim, ata

i-

trie

-i-

banfir iu/sin.

i-

o neoch oile
is

infsge

-i-

coitz'ti

no uir innsge d
in^sge

bo7ia

-i-

nfsge

firin^sge

fo indsce Eg?^ in

[i-

bannda

fireninfafsge

pios indsge ind

Panindsge

cach

Is

a n-in^sge

no

im dula do luga

innsge na

na coitidhecht n-airme

coitige dano.

is

ferrda

-i-

firin</sge

tria

coitidhe.

gach rannaighe

mna no

dec samlaidh conid nuimir and-

se

-i-

3080

'mdsgQ neotur.
Masg/^/
[mascul

col quaui

-i-

mo

a sgel no a sgoul quavi in feim^//

uias fer 7 cul coimet

-i-

an femen no ^^.] onni

Y\vcien

-i-

sliasat, ar as

foimin

and

is

-i-

fo

fir

no mascol

is

mo

no
7 a

masgolinus^ mascaldo.

no femin onni

feviur, 3085

is

hen [siEg.] intan fognaigther die

no feme G/rcio, id

fis

sliasait

Der Gr^co, id est,

ogh mgen: no onn is
fem////us
feimenda no feimder dono no flesgda no
maothcnesach dicitur onn is femen feme//ina -i- bannda, 309G
no banecusgda, no bangnimach, no bangneithech. Neut///-

filia

est uirgo Latina.

Feimder dono

Latine.

i-

-i-

i-

ni fid//- ca cinel, uair

''"'i

YBL.

=0^-

a scol

fir (la
'

nach se (no) nach

vi\\ punct. del.

s"-

masculdota

si

no

neut///-

^''^

no do eimh

-'o

YBL. dewa

=85

YBL. /emair

ondi

AURAICEPT

YBL.225/325

Hg.67 2a28

197

nemnechtarda, ncc masgulionum ncc

feminionmn, nec [/i]oc nec illat: no neuwtor ni masgal ni
onni

neiitnun

is

-i-

^^^^

feimi/.

Cesc, caiti deochair etorra

it7'

da aoi

no cia hait ita degcorug?^/ etorra

nos-deih'ghther
in<:/sge:

cia hait ^Xa etourra

i-

ed

is

i,

nos-dedualoigther.

-i-

is e, is

he

is

i-

in fer, is

Wcr da

-i-

ai

herlanr/a

tri

in ben, is

-i-

ed in
3100

neum.
Cesc,

heo'md

-i-

Cuin
he

Is

nama gan

araill

fria araill,

ut est

et

masgul

fria

urlan/,

is

issedh

[isi,

imaille

he

is

7 neutur

is

etargaire

tri
tri

cuin

is

intan itberor Eg.}

dobeire 3105

ant^r;^

Etargaire dono

in feur.

no a

in^^sge,

is

emh

Xjond eim

fris.

no

cuin

indsci

comarcim.

erWmd

tri

'xUr feimr/^

dono intan

dechr?4''i

mac

aile co n-anm<^?/w a athar sainrud, ut dixit

nech

Lonain

no a

firloin^:

tri

remhsloin^.
etargairi

cia haisg, onni i[s] sciscor

-i-

Uinsi cugut

Mac

in

llU

giUc^can,

rergocc'w,

Pid gach maith ara cionwccocca?;,

chendgoccaz^.

A
Urlan/ ria

inand

quidcui,
n-urlanrf'
'xtcr

rie

in

no

se,

in

-i-

se,

no

da urlaind nach

focul,
fri

n-urlan(r/ 7 urlani'/ iar

da urland nach

it^r

ni

herlond

no

no

inanda

-i-

sloinnti

rempa riasna

achd at

urlunci'r,

foclaip ina

rie n-urlanc/

re sudh.

Erlan<^ ier

in

inanc/

st'

hin</sgibh

inc/sgi, it

it

ndegc^/c/ 7

-i-

tri

-i-

is

etargaire
inc/sge

is

in

aigenta,

gach
is

'' Oiig.

he
i.

7,

inc/sge
in
28

fer
;

X.

187

-i-

se, is

si,

aiccenta 7 ealadha.

Gr. Lat. viii.*82, 25

is

se

no

-i-

tri

edh

is

3120

remtsloinnti

it

feim///

feirinc/sge tsaorda,
:

fri

remsloin/

-i-

gach

in

fil

no

neuot/cr tig ina ndeoigh eitirdeiligt/! treotha.

dedha

3115

Urland inand

in sedh.

achd reimtsuidugud

is

Tri herlonda inafege

sedh.

dona

s,

si,

n-urlanc/ 7 urlanc/

Urland

inan/a.

rie

in

it

it

masgc?/ 7

Ata dono
Feirinc/sge 3125

he

i[n]

'""

VBL.

nemh
is

cis^ur

AURAICEPT

YBL.225^48

198

ba[n]in/sgi aigenta,

aigenta,

ed

is

ben

in

na mna.

bainin^/sgi tsaorda,

ed

is

Aiccned caom cetumus

Aiccned n-eitigh

e (no

is

is

is

Deimindsgi

in cend.

Aigned caom and

nemh.

i[n]

n-eitig (226).

mna

is

Deimin^sgi tsaorda,

in cloch.

6721,17

Eg.

aigned

sron no suil 3130

no bel na

is i) fiacail

gotha fodera sin et ni ni achd nemhgnathugud,

amal atat na ocuil perla nat-aithgeunam, ni h'md lind
et cail

nis-gnathoigim

uair

No

gnathoigend.

in

deime

fil

an/, is

Insge tra sgieinsia a bunud Laitne.

In

inniscoi a hine

conair
se

nama

-i-

cen

oni

imalle

araill

ita,

ar 3135

neut?/;-

ina'sge neut//;-.

-i-

Sgothecna a

airprz-t.

neich

in<:/iste

Insge tra intan ismberar 3140

ar.

fris,

nach

ni

dejno

is

coi conair, conair

gan fher no gan

-i-

nech

la

Deimhin<^sge

nGaid^/ach.

bfilid

h\nd

ni

dedha remain^^: no deme cech

rodiprt^ fuirre in
lasin

ar

ut Priscianus dixit

Oracio

est ordinacio cojtgruani dixiojiijji pj'ofectaj-ujji scentejiciaj-ujji

dejjionstrans

na n-epert

is

Cesc, cuin imaricc iter

foillsigius in cheill foirpti.

ind in/sge
et

hordugud comimairccide

ata ind in</sge ina

-i-

-i-

an foghar

dia n-in//isin

et in duil

he sin an red fomamoighti

-i-

-i-

an

diail,

Cuin

coxx\aij-c\m.

3145

is

eimh irrochtain suad it^;' in indsge agus in duil dia n-ius'isi ?

Ni ansa. Antan fedhair a hin<^sge coir fuirre
ni himairi-

cc//e
i-

immorro

no deimindsge

eim
i-

i-

\\.ir

airecht/zz>/

diail

fedair

etourra intan fedhair in</sge for araile

banin/sge, no banin<r/sge

ferin/sge for

for

cechtar n-ae.

n-ai
-i-

-i-

indsge

iter in

athtairgith^?;-

aisn^ter indsge coir, ut est

for
-i-

ferin/sge,

imaric

7 in duil.

no fedhair

SamazVa dealpha, gan

Imaric

i-

Duil

fiadhair

I
3155

cleith,

Elpa ingine Y\.aidh,

Fri gour grene glaine ar gurt,
Is fris tsamhlaz> a caomhcucht.
;!i:!8

scunsia

"''-'1

Gr. Lat.

'^^^

'i'''*

ii.

attaircidhter

53, 28

'^^^
'^''

3150

-i-

coi conair conaiia indesti neich

rt

aisneidt;-

conana

'^"

arochtazw

"'''

Elbo, Fiduigh T.

AURAICEPT

YBL. 226a25

Ni himaircide
indsge

7 in duil

eim ferindsge

ni

-i-

heim aireachta

indisi oile fair

-i-

Die mad meisi

achd

iter

68ia5

n-ai

-i-

199
it^rin

Fedhair 3160

indisi coir.

antan adberar,

banindsge

for

banmac-sa, u dicitur

Eg.

is

he

in

banmacam,

in

Ni cechrain</ nach fealmaca;?

Fer nat-inntar go gcloinnter,
Slawceill cei dib, a imanUr.

Fedhair eim banindsge

in gohur,' ut dixit:
Is
Is

for ferindsge intan isberar

in

he

gopar tan

in

Is

he

in

'

Deimhindsge
Is e in

is

each,

3170

menntan gid banen.

for ferindsge

no four ban-

ed in cend,' sech

\ss

is

cend

for ferindsge quidem, ut est

fir

3175

daigh di?rgdighe dath

Iss

ed cend

Fil

go mbrath

for

gabar cid meglech,

Fris nach ga.par cath no cioth

Deimindsge

is

in corr cid reil nus-reill,

Is

intan isberar

no mna.

'

Fedhair dano deimindsge

indsge

3165

is

caoime cruth
for braoine in bith.

banindsge, ut dixit

3180

Cend mna roman/air mo modh,

Don-farraz*</ duin, ni deilm ndil
Is

ed cend

Do
Ferindsge
\{\nzzin

rveoch

is

fil

for

mui

fo

banindsge, ut

for

grain/e in</sin

Aodha mic Gaphram

nim.

dixit

Colum

Cille

fri

3185

Alain</damna marphai bai

Doching \.ar airther in lair,

Mac marph
Is

et

ua

aroile,

mairg recfus dia

3190

aire.

31

ceiUi

31'

com mbruth forsmbruinne mbith T.

^i*i

romanmhuir

31*-

domfarruidh don T.

"i'*"

damno

no cein T.

"'' chorr. T.

reill nus-reill

"*' hing/ Aodh7/

"" cith

'""^

eacoime
ar T.

200

AURAICEPT

YBL.226a42

Fedair eimh ferindsge

intan isberar,

'

is

banindsge

an cloch,

is

he an

68ia26

Eg.

demindsge

for

lia,' ?//

est liicc:

Is e in lia, lith rolas,

lar srethaz suadh in schas

Is

ed oun

Is

iar n-aiccn^/ail,

an cloch

.3195

iar saordataid.

Ait a n-abar deinie don,

For foun feim/

Ni

cheil in f^r a

Iss ^f [inond

Ata

tra

amlaid sin

mdsge, ar atae da

modh

^.]

3200

in ingn<r an</.

laprt;rda

fil

and

Atat dano ceithri fodla

saorda.

aign^:^ et saordat?/ in gach

(col. /3)

modh

fichtibh clanf,

n-aigni'j^ n-oll,

-i-

mod

aigenta

for tsaordat^/^

et
-i-

deichfer raindi, 7 tugait mbin<^iusa, 7 cuimre raid, 7 iolugwc/

lap<2rda.

banmac

Deichfer rain^/e cetumus amal rogaph,

so

-i-

don roin^ oighi

Tuccait mbindiusa amal ata,

is

ainm
fris

-i-

goour, solus

ar tucait mbin/iusa

in cend, sech

\s,

isin
:

is

in

gobar

et

is

ainm

d'eoch ban

mBr^/'nus, go dtug an

Iolug//<^ laparda

a n-irlapra

liaiti

isinn ingin

fil

he an 3205

is

amal

file

ata, iss

Cuimri raid amal

ed

ata,

3210

rusg ime 7 criathcr arba 7 leastar uisgie, ar xohad eimilt

rusg im imb 7 criathar im arpr 7 lestur im uisgi do rada.

Gabar intan is trie ailm quaisi caper is ed rotruailkc/ and

tria onn -i- don eoch is nonien son 7 is Combrec. RotruailWgoor, cach solus, a suidhe nnde dicitur gohar donn 3215
eoch giuol. Cidh nach dath oile bes fair, is in ech die mbe
bec do giul an/ is gobar a nomen, ar is asan dath
;

gobar

is

airechdam

Gaoid^/ach b

bes
fair

^nd
no

anc/,

noniinatnr.

Rotuill

ar rob aille leo

goour unndi dicitur gobar noniinatur.

Atad dono indsge and ata coitcend

YBL.

'-''

gial (or) giul

indonrt'

fik

qua^n
3220

iter ferin</sce ~

indsge, ut est Flanw no Cellach no Buodach.

sax)

an

gobrtrr

^aoo

jabortha

"-^'

Cor. 22

^-^is

airaghamh

-i

b and

ban-

Phidh dono
^Maj-ra/ (?)

ar rob aille

MSS.

YBL.

AURAICEPT

226/3 17

qumusda

in/sgi

in

an truid

20I

an cenel cumassu

bis

minntan cid boinend, cid

n-aigned coir [immorro

iar

2aii

68

7 in coirr,
o's^h

he

Is

Mad

menntan

est in

;//

amal

F.g.

dicitu7-

firend.

na ndula

Eg?\^

ni

hainm

do neoch dofuisim -i- fer,

ba deime chena ^\zcx\ed na ndul

na banindsge achd

ferindsge

7 o dtuismer
uili

isin [Gaidilc

Eg.] Laitin,

isin

beun

-i-

3230

archena.

Atat dano da ernail

for tuismzV//

--

Tuismiud saorda cetomus

tuismiud

aigenta.

toalmrtzV?

7 luibi ar

talman muna

don talmain

is

saorda

tuism///<a^

an

fein

fer

-i-

fer, tit est

clanda 7 P^ deime chena -ipa sloin*^ neMt?/r int uile 'dXcQ.enta ar chena, ut cst Povipeus 3235

espa

in

dixit :

tuism^'T'

Oniniuin rerum uocabalouju aut corparailium \aut

iticorporalium Eg^^ sexu naturaliter carencium

per arteim

Graciam

nec inasgo-

e^s^se

asgribimus,

ne utruni

Jioc est

linum nec feimininum,ut est{?)

i.e.

/i[a\ec iusticia, h{a]ec ueritas.

Quiquit per naturam sexsus

Consinsius dicit

neutrum habere

oportet set ars qui Jioluit gignere seu liquenda

seu dicenda asgribsit

raiter

suond?

i-

Cid inn

iar saordatz//.

Ni ansa.

Natura quae motatur

nofi

Foillsiugisgtair

per tempera

nec

assingnat 3240

is

aiccenta

go n-apair

uairitatur nec

separabitur et natura non est quiquid motatur et non sdaire 3245

uidetur

et

constant in

umeditas

quaecunique
se\

in

ud

extrinsccus

accidundur sed quac

sdabilitas in terra, gurbitas in /apedebus,

aqua,

claritas

in

aere,

calar

in

ingne.

Doepenar dano deimindsge a ferindsge no a banindsge.

Doeipenar dono ferindsge 7 banindsge a deimindsge amal 3250
ata isnahaib reimendouiph 7 it iat sin na deime teibidi
7 na lanomna deime 7 a ngeine-sidhe.
It e
an//so
deismerachta in deime teiphighe isnahaibh re'imendaibh {
cend 7 cride fuk/;;^ a deime deiph/afe a ndetbir xplinaib.
^^^^
.)2;t5

"^

cumuscda

-^^ truit

Basloindeiis dixit
Gr. Lat. V 343, 32

H.
-'"

'^>

=
coiisaii/

toismer
sinit sed

325i,

:;

''

thalam, ar

is ni

don talam

\\aec erra hic />aries

jgnaib

^^^

T.
desmbeirechto

-'^

fulach

202

AURAICEPT

YBL. 226^43

Lanamna

682^41

Eg.

in cnd suil 7 fiecail

lanamna an cride srebanrf 3255
lanamna in fulamg lurcca 7 troig geine dono ina
lanamna deime gene na sul -i- abrachtur 7 malo gene na
fiecrt/ bun 7 leithe
gei'ne int [s]rephain(3^ tanoigecht 7 dath
7 cru

baine

i-

e glaisi

geine

in cride tigi

dath beos

rimde

-i-

7 deirge (227).

3260

Secht n-etargairi tra docuisnet

disgnaigter

-i-

[in '.]

-i-

grad conne[i]]g lasin Laitneoir, etargaire a ainm lasin

Etargairi

pfilid.

persain^e.
persain/e

ngnimh.

gceuss?^-i- caisa-/^/ antan

Etargaire incuisg

persoin/.

persain/e

fourmoulad

nGaidel.

Maith

lasin bfilid.

Fothugud

mor

-i-

Etargoire lugaidhe a lugugud

lugasoun.

-i-

poisit,

et

fourran

et ferr et ferrsoun, lasin

meudugud

Etargairi meiti a

moosoun.
et

maith, cxacht intan 3265

is

comparait, 7 superlait laisin Laitneoir.

et

Etargaire

Etargaire derrsgaigti a nderrsgugud

oulc.

is

incuisg

Etargairi

[Etargoire incoisg persain^/e

moo

et

pec

-i-

me

-i-

et

luga 3270

et

budein,

tu budein Eg. om.'] se budein, sib budein, s'inde budeisin,

badeisin, siadsum

siphsi

bunad Laitne.
dia

mbe

Rtargaire

no

caindeiliugud,

x2Sid tar

in

i-

Etargaire
{

t/t

i^

eis

etorra

caindeiligti
est

.'

maolo

na rainde.

no etargaire 3280
gair guth
i-

no etergleithi
iar

no comdheiligte ar

in

gcoin(afeilg

^^

craidi, ruaighie

amal

is
'-""

i^

gleas

ngleodh a fesa

ceim.

totum pro parte.

in

in

tar eis

-i-

toto et

-i-

pro pairte

gradus

is

ernail

totoni

et

eiterdeiffrigti

soigti

n-aineolus. 3275

conn^felc

no etargaire

lasin Laitneoir in coindeilg

^^'^

toto

ed^rgleodh

i^

gradh onni

Pars pro

-i-

gotha andsin

no etargaire
in

pi-o

sechtmad
in

ita

et in toit

toiti

a treidiph

etergnougt/d in
:

na

Pars

eitercoraigti

eiterdeiligti

etarro

est :

mbe

isin

-i-

sechta

isin

seiptivi

-i-

sech/'ai, i[s]

dia

saigti

i[s]

no

in^/e

etechtu ita

isin

-i-

Uraicioptou

Secht n-ai a

n-eolus,

Sechta

padeisin.

Qo\nde\g
uile,

i-

iit

Cid ar nach treide

tred'x

tote

lasin phfilid in
"-** eiterdeiffriti

3285

AURAICEPT

YBL. 227a2|

etargoire?

incosg

nama agan

deidhe

inalus, is

maith

i-

et

bec

mor

z.c\\\.

in^/e

-i-

Magnus

mt

-i-

met

is

an mt

lasin

Ar

ni

filit

acht

fih'd is

conndelg

is

is

pfilid.

[sin Eg.'\ acht

is

grad conn^eilgi acht

nderrsgugud.

derrsgoigti

etargaire
connflfeilge

lugha.

etargaz're derrsgaighti a

-i-

gach etargaire

ni

mour

-i-

is

Is ed [s'm Eg.] ata etargoire lasin 3300

lasin Laitneoir

nderrsgugud, ar

eutargaire, no ar

Is

grad

cack

ni leithe

conndelg oldas

fik onni

is

eutargaire.

File

3305
fel sai

-i-

3290

etargaire a

is

agin Laitneoir, 7 atat secht n-etargaire icon

fior

et

nGaidel

graid connfafeilge

tri

da cwxviomugud eim dosum ani adbersiom

a mbeith amlaidh.

bonus

Cid fodera dossw;// 3295

prononien J dopriathar.

bfilid

acht

bfil

conn^elg side lasin

ni

pfilid

a radh a ngrad conndeilge lasin Laitneoir,

ainm

et

lasin

gcon^eilg neich

203

et 'mdo.

and nach
et

parims,

et

lais-jium in bec

Incousg immorro icon

Laitneoir

bfilid

edh a inde immorro

[Is

7 olc Eg.'\
is

-i-

Laitneoir

in inde.

lasin

aroile fouirend

adbeurait

et

eim

treidi

Is

68ib27

Eg.

no

fial

sai

no

filososubus

i-

don filid feallsamhnj'r/^ aigi no file

no file i- [it Eg?\ fele ai, ar
i- fi ani aorus, 7 h anni molus
dlt'^'-ar de ar is ed nodus-saora, feile dano in/racus nos-ditne
fc

feallsoum, ar dlegar

an

file

7rla

no

a flectendis carmhiibus : no

file

file

\-

fel sai,

3310

fhoglama, amal ata felmac no file -i- fi a oumna 7 li a

fial do aei
dawu fair no file
no file i- fi oulc 7 H maith
i^
moulad 7 aorad. Cubhaidh cia fhasus deisidhe ainm
sai

i-

in fhilid dia fhognat.

Cid ar

mad

conelcc

derrsgugud do n?
derrsgugud

n-iipn

'"''

*""

in

poisit,
is

is

uair

nocha 3315

foutha

7 ata

^) ut

fundamentum numeri

'x-

est

nocha

aonni conid airim acht ata conid fotha airme

YBL.
fe,

Ar

dhi, ut dicitur airim frie hunair, (col.

JJnus non est numerus set

nfuil int

\zs-s'\um

Ni ansa.

hounus,

iiialas

fellsom om.

YBL.

nuiiuerus

cf.
""^'^

"""

Gr. Lat.

YBL.
YBL.

viii.

72, 24

*'-'"''

a flechtendi cirmenibus

conid airme

da cudruwa, ani om,

*"^

/.

filed

204

YBL.

AURAICEPT

227 ^ 3

amal ata deach icon

sin cid la
int

i-

Ettrla. tsaordatr/V in^sin

aigenta immorro do posit

alt

gcoin^/eilcc

mad ainm

Cid ar
uile

Ni ansa.

posit a positits

derrsgaigt/^r

di.

conid airisin

is

Posit cetuiuus

ni dersgaig

immorro

SnpexXdJiX.

ainm

beirius comparit,

mor

comparit

-i-

cen

suoin

no-rad

Bec brab-

ct superlait.

brab-beirius superlait.

Caiti conn/elg cheille cen soun

Uirglisiunms

Atberat

foriata in connr/elg uile.

posit derrsgaigit araon

Coin/elg

ut

cheill,

.3330

bonns, vielior, optinius.

Uirgi/ns,

est :

Uij-glior,

connelg

fr/e sin arai tsouin / ni bfuil

do

arai cheille and, ar ni connr/elgter anma///a dilsi

is

7 3325

ni derrsgaigt//^r di

connach dersgaight/z'r do comparit acht do

araile foirend

gan

-i-

compariti doberitsim arin

Comparit immorro seoch derrsgaig/<^ do neoch

ni.

acht

2 b 15

deach side(n) fodhei- 3320

dialt, ni

-i-

deachaiph atrimther.

suidhiugte.

do

bfilidh

Eg. 68

cruthugud

frie

fousgadh

Coin/elg suin 7

bfuil iar gceill.

fortis, fortior, fortissinius,

Coindealg tsoin

-i-

sowi

iar

et ni

amal ata

imalle,

ceilli

hi sin in

is

7 ceille imalle

Coiu/elg souin 3335

anc/sin.

nobiad sin

cheill bonus, bonior, boniinus

gres,

connelg techta.

niagnus, niagior, niaxinius

Pid daw maith J ni bi derrsgugud di, ut boujius 3340

Deus, f Die [maith Dia Eg\ Bid dano conealg an</ et
7rIo.

hinwe fein dersgaigius, nt

ni dia

duilsius est quani

Ponteca oldat na maire

somillsi acht

mairia

setera

olchena

oile

luga a serbiu.

is

Mairie Pounticuni

est :
is

-i-

somillsi

an muir

7 ni hiarsani badis

Conndelg cotursna

au/sin 3345

do;? indsi ono.

Etargaire
uin</sie

inchouisg

oun/ar

sonwse: uinwsi

aun^

uin^/si

^^

fir

isin

an ben

YV>\.. positius

-i-

''^'

''^

est
i-

YBL.

bec prabh-bres comprait 7

m\ YBL. hounus, meliour
:i:i4:!

ceiera

no

uainsi

nem, id
ounrt^aur

"''^'

cetnnius

persainf'/e

[no sonnse

uina?se

in

suin^zsi

Deus.

Eg.']
:

on^/ar

Uin/sie

uinr/si

-i-

-i-

ander

an

dem.

'"* foirend YBL. repeats

compraiti
brab-beres superlait T.
rofetfaigh sin arai T.

mor

'''^'

serbe, cotiirsna indsi;/

dono

no

uainse

-i-

fer:

3350

YBL.

AURAICEPT

227/3 31

Etargaire incouisg

budein

se

i-

a foditen dia n-echtair

;

poisit

-i-

comparit

i-

formoulad

molad

i-

mbrabh

{ mour

etargaire lugaiti a lugugadh

Atberait araile

tri

e ferr et

hecma/s

brabh

i^

maith

in

bec

i^

mouo

lugha

hernaile deighenc/ia

i-

filfc/.

Etar-

moosoun

eutargaire mete

lugaite a lugugad

is

aon-

Etargnoug^c/ beurla
guth ealg

i^

ar

ni

ct

na da perla Ixx. ina fecmais

berla

Secht bfeudhu oiredha

wgdar^s.
i^

ebo

et oir

leap?/' int

Uraicipt

dono

ua

-i^

et in

foirind ce^chtar

irdercaigti.
is

N certtuirem na gcinedh ar

Gr'gaid

meud

in

cheana, ar roghaphar

don

fir

guth

-i-

guth Y.\renmch an^/sin

dano.

derrsgugud

is

inntip beuos.

fil

Gaidr/cc

[Cie

eutargaire 3370

ionan/ (228) et etargaire dersgaigti

is

ndersgugud E^. om.\ ar

laighet

metugud

J 3365

edargoire m'Ve

]uga/de occus eutargaire dersgaigti a nderrsgugud.

adberadsim

lughasoun.

acht cuig etargoire and, ar

ni bfuiht

etargaire leo na

B/^.]

[i-

fourmolad lasidhe.

7 {orrau, J

meudugud

in

gradh tanaisi

reimhtechtTr//

nGaoid'/ coithcend

Fouthugud, immorro,
gaire meide a

molad

superlait

i-

fouthugud

-i-

forrain fair in

i-

formfuilled fair in treas gradh 3360

-i-

for

toisiuch

feurrsoun laisin

i-

ceussad 3355

nom-cartar-sa, not-carthar-si,

-i-

orrau

fourmoulad

i-

dorigensum

Etargaire persainrtfe

non-cartar-ne, nobar-carthar-si, carthar-sim.

cetna graidh

Etargaire per-

romhain<:/.

Etargoire deurrsgaighti a ndersgugud

for in

205

budein, tu budein,

dorignes, dorignis, dorigne

dorighensat, dorigheunsait.

carthar-sim

me

i-

amal adubramar

/rlo,

angnimh

sain^e

persaiiiiafe

69135

Eg.

lucht-sa sis

uile.

Bruic
is

filet

^'"^^

fogabar

'^'^

cona

do

and

fo

i^

sic.

hua

i^

nEirinn
reir inn
aisti

mad

an

aon- 3380

in

ua Coindi

*'** filet, ind ughdarais T.

EIcc
Bruich F.M. Iiio: O'Coinne 1126

'^'"''

seitib,

Atbeurat dano
Coirill

3375

Eire

adber sin an lucht-sa anuas

tseitchib.

imda

gnath

ni phfilet

Itberat araile co

Is iat

cona

liophair

3*'3 i fecmais
**" cuicc
3"^ ug/ai8, feda oireghro

suas.

Elg

206

AURAICEPT

YBL.228aii

Do

na maithi ar cheana.

et

fr^-ra

eurndail do beith

Madh

nocales et consanantes.

con

fil

isin coipdi, iss

Go

heiccintech
is

dicoinal J

ag

primo
reir

Atat
leithe a

quod

leidit

in

ni [ni

da 3385

n-aile,

fir

Eg.

07n.]

tiel

is

sc.

Atber 3390

immorro

com-

is

na nuimre

clusail

fuirm-^ foucrt/.

for

a inde ar ni hebertai

dogentai a patre 3395

a matribus

cumga

beit.

Lapis

\x\xvc\ed

quidim

do rada

dir deiside lapis

fri

ni [fris tairtaigt//^r Eg?\ taxxaigt/ier cois.

Bonus

i-

ag

fil

mrmed quam

Robad

is

comforlethan a fuirmed

bonus acht bail a mbi

Y\\-\d

heurnaile

tri

peidim

deiside qiiam a inde.

foir'i'

beus

a inde acht risin patronomic

dicitur eo

da

-i-

connahi quidiin.

-i-

Adber ou

7 aderar riu uile cid a patribus

gach

erndail

na tagendais Waib per

j^ 7

vecrn o di-n-imorr

is

fairre uile Hess

fo atharg?^

coir a beith

ohriath2.x.

frecrus.

Patronoimic

do

is

dobeir

h-aipgitr^-/^

is

-i-

69ia36

ed bid foullus as sin go mbetis and

guthaige na turgbadis/'r

ua Bruic

Da

fuoirre.

na

thoit

soun/ et ni da hurbernadh

Eg.

-i-

Laitneoir

bonitatis.

cail

a inde, ar ni habar 3400

et

ara leithe fouirius cech ni a nLaitin

ssund ac deunam muiti dona taophomnaibh

ar in fath sin

-i-

ar a tosach

do chur uada, sic est

na feudha ar in bfath

in

sin

side tosach a n-anman/o

foucail et a

lethan

-i-

no Laitneoir

Ni lanceurt dochoidh

ar feuphus a treor<:// isin Laitin.

Gaoid^/

do airisiw occa

an dered 3405

beithi-Iuis, ar robdis muiti uile

Ar

no ceudna.

is

ed

fil

doip-

do airisiw ag nech do deunam

nderedh do chur uadha, amal ata ailm

-i-

on o 7 araill and dano die ndenait muiti dona taoboumnaiph 3410

agon Gaid^/
dtossach do airisim aicce. Robtis muiti
uile Mtri na haipgitre Ephraide 7 Gregda, ar is toiseach a
n-anman^-side do airis[im] ag nech et an deired do chur uad,
ut est alebh [-i- a Eg.] agconn Ephraide, alpa [-i- a icon Eg.l
i

^^

^^
3396

^^
<*

ni d' airbernad

freccra

T.

'^^ atharcadh, an

ag fregrad

Origg. xvi. 3,
isin Laitin T.
chora

dclifn

'^^'^

\ T.

'^^ tartaidther T.
''^ feabus a treorach

:moo, 1

="i

'^^'

derna T.

'^'"

T.
:

coibdi

'^

Gr. Lat.

v.

turbadis
146, 19

YBL. bounus. boiinaiatis

'^'^^
treoru T.
Gaidiol
deired foco/

AURAICEPT

YBL. 228a39

Eg. 69

agcon Gr^gda, ailm agcon Gaoidel.

na

haipgitri

tri

-i-

dtusach do airisim ag

deredh do cur uad.

seichim

ar

Is

Ebraide bud couir don Gaoid^/

comdis muiti

arai

amlaidh

Is

sin atat 3415

nech

dorinne

mbrigh na dtaobomna

iar

an

immorro

Gr'gda

int ord

207

b 27

et ni

uile, sic

nach dat muiti ag Ephr<2:/aiph 7 ag Gr^gaip na cow'iainx 3420

uile cid
dtousach do a'ins7U leo. Ma do reir [immorro
i

E^.]

na sgrephtra naibe

E'.]

in

Laitianda

Laitm, ailm

isin

Inscie tra a2.n0 inde in iocail

sgie

iar

fil

d o

gcomtach

7 reliqua

foimin

-i-

-i-

an bfer bis an ben.

raindi

da

idir

(-i-

tousacha

is

iat

indsge

is

Gaid^/

in

(col. /3),

sund

taithmech

\ngen 7 mac)

he

is

in

iter in

mbanmac

deismeracht na hetargaire
irlan/

indsge

taithmeth

masgail

ttuism/t//r

-i-

i-

modh

in

modh

fermac

ssun^/a iarsin

in

feim/

do

si

[si

for

aird
et

-i-

-i-

ata tuismiud di 3440

oile 7

Eg.] tucc erc/io'iud aiccenta

tiusmiudh

aird

no

rannda 3435
Is he

dofuisi;;/

budein o neuch

taithmech aigenta reime, quando dixit

7

et

deuda remain/

neoch

mnai

a tuismiud and o

ar a tuism^/

fir

banmac-

E.g. om.].

taithmech deidhe and

-i-

3430

dano an

o dtuismen^-si cloin^ uaithi pudein na tr/au /rlo.

iarmo

Iss

7 in

sillaibi

Deithpir

sa [d'airighti go \X\xgad as sin co nderna fermac co

de a ndeip/r

-i-

Femm

quavi insge.

mion an ben
n-?i\.\\{cgad
Mion foir deisidhe an ben.

rain<3^-i-

Gaoidilc

isin

a sciensia, an ecna,

is

aipgitir co hin/sge cen

no-eperta rempe, ar

fo

isinni

Ni ceart dochuaid

n-aendefoghair.

tiachtain

[i

Eabhra, alpa uadha- 3425

est aleb isinn

zt

Eg\

[Greic

ar
i

is

is

ogaini.
is iu^

leighin/

in

bunad don aipgitir Gregda

don bethe-luis-nion a n-ogaim cen co n-in<a^isit

ugdair in leighind,
side isin

\igh.air

Ephraide

aipgitir

aigenta

ideo

dorad

-i-

/lic.

Ar

ta.nic

tuismiud saorda
aigenta

ercoiliud

ar 3445

/lic.

Incusg
""" dirinne T.
* taithmit T.

et

inwde

'^-'

et

mud

is

amlaidh so
27

Gr. Lat. viii. 302, 3

3^ tuisme T.
natura T.

3435

is

treidhe

in

tucca, dernadh T.
'^^ YBL. idio
^ aicne hic T.
^/;-^

20S

YBL.

AURAICEPT

228/3 15

ig gabail fo incousg, oir

comparit

Conid hamlaid
aroile '\minorro
-i-

incosg

inntib

fil

lughugud

ig gap//rt//fo

deda

is

dip lionaibh.

Is

cetomus:

sloinafedh

is

e 7 uin^si

Cidh

edargaire

-i-

Uindsie

intan

in

(-i-

long brab

7 ouxidar

ssuidiu.

Is

and

iur/sge

conid

ag sloini^edh indsge a 3470

is

araile

3465

iffin)

se in fer et ni feus cia

conid

irlaniaf

in<^sge

is

itberat

ua- 3460

-i-

{qx S2\r\dxedach

fer tantuin, sic uin</sie 7 si

odera

bioss, et

tsloinrffedh

immorro amal ata

is

7
is

Uinsi cwgat in gillccuccaw

Mac rerccucca/ (-i- Lonain)
Bith gach maith agat ar a cin/gucca
A ceundgaga/w (-i- a Chin/ Geucca/).

saindredach acht

meud,

fo

Ni ansa.

DiciturvXndsQ uait in

cona anmaim, ut dixit poeata

Sloin/ed zo'\\.chend

gaphail [o 3455

ic

persain<^e s'aXnxedaige indsin

tuaslaictech,?^//z!.i7V."

sed.

Adberat

so conid deudo.

feught/^rt:r

deochur ider

Caiti

lionaibh.

mheudugud

gapail beos

ic

3450

amhlaid so beus

Etargoire meidi a

lugaite a Uigugud

amlaid sin

haonur

mt dip

sin is treidhe in sechta remhain/.

indi, scu dixit prius.

meudugud

eutarom're dersgaighti a nderrsguccud

etargaire

'Eiargaire

uile.

fo 'mdQ 'er poisit 7

meidi a

Etargaire

superlait.

etargaire lugaite

oun

is

nderrsgugud ag gapail

2 a 17

Ina hetargaire incoisg persain^e uile

sechta remaind.

derrsgaighti

Eg. 69

is

e in

fer,

uair

rem-

is

etargaire 'witan isbeurar

is

uinc/se.

Sloin^ed cenil amal ata etargaire ioncoisg

i-

issin persainaf fein

ita a

hincousg co

icc slouin</ed ceutpersain</e, et persaiua'e

n-ioncosg doip budeine

hetargaire

aile.

incoisg persain'e a rad

Ni

lor eim, uair is

''^^*

is d.

34;

gecain

1.,

tre

Cidh ar narbo

bes son T.

persain<3^

tanuise

persain^/e

-i-

3475

triena

amal atat na

lor \a.\5-s'\u7n a n-etargaire

me nama

deimnigte

n-aithnigt/i^A' trit

con n-abair

et is deiligte

me budein ?

eimh

rie

cach 348O

^*^"

sluinde, sundruidhe T., uatuasloigtech

'^'^

bis, atberar, araile

om.

AURAICEPT

YBL.228/34i

me

persain/ a rad

Nam

ipsi.

me

iterator

budein, ut diciur an protioinine egoniet

cum

ego feci et non alius

budein 7

nech

rii

209

2bii

Eg. 69

dicitur egomet

aile intan isberar egomit.

infirmas fiat

gurab

biaid

i-

-i-

is

Q^iiqjiid

deimnigthi

cach
3485

ni athraigther.

Fogaphar dano comparit cen

mare Ponticum quam

setera mairia

Pountiogda oldtait na muire

batis somillsi acht

lugam a

is

hid Airraiceptau

cheuna

ceudna

in

aimser do aimser

Persa do Ferchertne
aossa faind for

hiarsin

hernail

(229) 3490

etoechta sin ar ni

Log do Emhain

hicipit leaphar Feircheirtne sunc/o.

:

an muir

i^i

Finis don ceudliophar.

maith ind anbfios.

Machuo

Coindealg n edtachtau

serbi.

fors ferr anfios

-i-

Dnlcis est

somillsi

is

oile ar

n-edteuchta

Coiu/ealg

son.

amal ata

posit

Concaprt/r meic Neusa.

[A Eg?^

file.

dono do breith 3495

tuccait

seis.

Duiphithir daol dath a berrda

Ge raga

co ngeog na craunn,

Caisithir casnaide a chul,

Glaisithir sul frie

D
t.

gl

n.
:

f.

Sechtau
t

b.

cc. c. r

ch

br,

cusnt

mu.

*^''

ol

chena

sc

rb

th
r.

indsge
:

t.

br
u

ds

i^

fidh 7 deach,

\-

Seuctu

et etargoire.

secht n-ai a inde

492 31,^

3500
tt

rbr

n.

rt.

Secht do aiph domiter and

''^'^'

t.

toimsighther Gaidelc

Laitne

t.

c.

frise

orpaid, alt

a bunad

d.

r.

bugha mor.

-i^

no sech/ui

reim

seiptim 3595
i

n-ai,

secht n-aisti na filidechta

ambfes

daipither dael, berrta **^ geog, crann

'^^ sechtai
sechto

'^*^

locc

^soi-s
'^*''^

:'**

Nesa

Virg. Gr, 77, 12

n-aisti ina
cf.

(t seq.

210

mhrousnac/isi na bairdne

7 vii

a n-eolus

i-

airiom

2 b

40

mbe

soigti die

ai[s]

na

filid'^///a

no secht ndeichit na

dialta, ar

nd-ecrr\ais

primeillgi

vii

-i-

mbrosnacha na bairdne

dechta

no

Eg. 69

Jr\.

airb^rt

vii

i-

AURAICEPT

YBL.229ai5

andsin

in sechta

ni bfuil

3510

fili-

aire rofagprtr.

Coitcend
focul

i[s]

Dilius

frisand eupr/.

uile

IndHos a thapairt

airem sechta 3515

na

ndiuitip

vii

frisand-euphradh

cesiirj/i vii

na sechtmaine.
four a

do

connagar don

indlius,

Coitcend do cach

sechta.

Ruidlius don

ruidliz^.?

d'ius,

et

-i-

fri

fiHdechta.
vii laithib

airem

for

aile

acht

vii.

Tomus, t'd est mensura, a bunad Laitne -i- tomeus a 3520

to teunga a airbert 7 meus aire fein
inde no tomess
no cudrumad aairp^rt -i- meus dognither o x&nngaid. Is
Cait
Is ceinel eimh.
fisid an gne no in cinel in tomus.
Ni ansa. Tomus fiHdechta et toumus
eat a ngnee ?
bair^/e 7 tomhus prosta -i- a breith frie seachda cach ae 3525
tomus ?
diph. Caiti ruidhHus 7 diHus, co'iichend et in</Hus
DiHus
sechta.
re
preith
a
fiHdecht
RuidUus
do
ansa.
Ni
:

i-

do bair[d]ne a tomus re cluais et

ceund indHus do prois -i- co'xUhend o

do

sidein, ar ni

fil

Coit-

IndHus

dialt imach.

^^^^

alt d.\xnd.

Cindus aithfeugthar

na sechtmaine

n-anak.

coir

in

omcuI

sechta

is

fri vii

laithibh

Grian mar T^oumnach -i- fiodh.

Mars mar Mairt -i- reim.

Ni ansa.

Eusga mar Luan -iMeurcuir mar Ceudaoin -i- fourpaid. loib mar Dardaoin
Uenir mar Aoine ! in^sge. Satarn mar Satharn 3535
i- alt.
deach.

i^

eutargaire.

airdrenda
fri

amhlaidh

Conid

7 vii n-aiste

comuaim n-uad,

na fiHdechtu

tri

haon a n-iargcomarc.
Gaidelc -i- guth Elg

a ndialt,

-i-

's

7 vii la

Ealg Eire

3510 eiiigi

"'511

ndeichith

*^-^i

re vii-a

'''

Origg.

3-537

airdrennaigh

cuirter

sin

tri

^^'

cf.

hErinn T.

n-

a reucomarc, 7 a

""^^

vii

guth K\renn^ch

i-

v. 30, 5, et seq.

na

na sechtmaine

-'i-

ouccus diles
Gr. Lat. viii. 240, 15

3540

AURAICEPT

YBL.229a40

Erenn

berla

no Gaidelcc

ealg

-i-

211

70a29

Eg.

oirderc

Gaaid^/

i-

xeir

an indaithmz^ sin

ina do cach ni dooirdhercaigh Gaidel.

In gach Gaid//c

do

rus-oirrdercaich, ar ni dut[h]cha

tomust?/' re sechta.

edh em a secht dialt 7 cid edh oun touimsighter iar 3545

saordataid, uair adcodar a chon/ail amal ata fe-fn'-er, 7 ni
Is

gach sechta

domiter and, ar

Connaghar ono

secht fo

aonseachta

is

tsech.

sechta

fil

aund.

-i-

puna/

7 in/e 7 airbert, coitchend J dilius 7 ruidhlius 7 indliu in

gach

don tsechta

foc//l

Fid ceutumus

Fo eadh

Laitne.

3550

(col. B).

fundamentuin : uel a funo a bunad

-i-

a inde isna

ep^Tt

eipert aire

-i-

ogaim

Ruidlmj,
doip

\\\us,

uili

airedhaiph.

dona

coitcend,

fedha

taophomhna
-i-

conid not niidh.

nochan

fair.

Coitcend 3555

Coitchend immorro

ut est :

immorro doiph non est litera sed

uath conid Htir acht ata 3560

fuil

-l tinug/^/

feda do radh riu sin uile acht

coitcend daip ouile,

air

Indlius

uath.
it/r,

Tiniedh

-i-

-i-

'RxMus do feudhaiph

riu.

Dilius do forfedhaiph.

nota aspiracionis

ud

do feudhaiph.

indlzV/j-,

do radh

taobomnaib acht

siden, ar ni

airbert

no airbert

no guthaighi no consaine

lit/r

-i-

ioc\.aib.

thapart ior v Q\\aib fichit inn

feudha

Fid na filidechta

-i-

neimtniug-

dilius J indlius 7

is

in

-i-

ceudna fiodh

airedha phis a bfocul an imfrecra, J an taophomna docuirither reisn bfiod sin do thapairt ar aird, J go rab inand 3565
fidh oiredha beas a

na dtarmartcend,
bis

and

i-

traig

is

dialt

is

J in
i

dtaopcuibdiph an raind J a n-imfrecra

in anma prosta. in cetna fidh airedha

Fid

taobomna

docuireth?r reisin

frithindlidh':// Laitne,
Deach
no daghfuach no defuach intan

de fuaigther

int

aircetal

Connagar dono buadh

'

rohorrd<frc acht ni duthchrt

Gr. Lat. ii. 35, 24

-i-

is

coruige

deuoch

sin J

di fuach intan

recomrac
ocht

no 3570

sillaoba,

J inde J airbert, coitchend J dilius

7 ruidluis 7 indlius a ndeach.

3542

-i-

fid

Puad

do Gaidilc

is

tectum

ar nimduthcuigh, in imtaithmigh T.

^ YBL.
:

quidevi onni

nochin

^'^^

cuidibh

212
i-

AURAICEPT

YBL.229i32i

didiu arinn

ditiu in

is

Eg.

deach do [gach

focrt/ aile fair

fuaigther intan
ar

riu,

n-anma

doformaigh

dialt

is

sun didiu

Ti'ius iar

dilsi

cach n-ai dibh

for

rmdlius iar

budhein do radh

fria

no iarchomarc /rlo. Indlius do

ndeachaibh aile do radh fris, ar
cenib deach-side fo deisiu

Deach na filidh?^>^^a
Deach in anma prosta
fios cie

-i-

cach n-ai

dialt

-i-

uaim dognith^r

ainw deigh dona

vii

dicitur

^^^

la &^c\\aib atsamrtz^/zther.

is

s\o\\ab

sIIt^

aei a indi

mbios

mbios

antan

is

cowuaim

reidhe cen

rechomarc 3580

-i-

ni foil alt and,

in lin

in lion

uama

re

araile.

fri

7 son imale ina

ceill

deach do na hocht ndech^/^ doroich

Reim

o dialt 3575

-i-

inde ono \ph.

Coitchend doib uile dialt do rad

sreth.

is

airbert

slWab.

-i-

xonnd.

Eg.'\

inde immorro daghfuach no defuach.

cohncht: no

70ibi5

isin

rund.

isin

ainm

int

ainm.

a 3585

-i-

filidhecht

no

ioniuis Wgihig

bairnde acht tomhus fri cloais 7 coir n-anala no

uaim intan is proiss. Reim dono cm a airbert 3590
no rem a bunadh quidein
diall no tuisil a bunaidh Laitne
onni is robanius comsuidigti. Ruidlius do rem d'fidh
i-

antan

is

raidh

for fiodh

Dilis

filidecht.

Coitqent do rem

dechta 7 bairdne.

rem

filltir.

Cesc, in

fili-

suin cin cheill 7 cio

Dilis di prois.

suin 7 cheilli imale.

suin nama, uair ni

do taibrem cethorcubaidh

gne no

Indlis

do rem 3595

in cenel in

Reimh

rem

Caitetangne? Niansa.
rem bairdne, 7 rem proisi. Da gne immorro for filidhacht 7 bairdne -i- rem d'fidh for fidh 7 taobreimh.
Iscineleimh.

fidliachta,

Rem

3600

cetamus:
Colum caidh comachtach.

d'fidh for fidh

Sian sleibi slatu seiscind,

Taobhreimh amal ata sund

FlaH/, a

luam

Co Maistin

moill

glana,

gaoth,

It

It laoch,
^^''*

ruii/

it

in

7rlo.

gaisce grind

3605

it

gart,

no

it

garg, do rinn, no

it

grin/,

a Flain/.
''^''

deachij de, atsamther

'^ glan

AURAICEPT

YBL. 229/344
Ceithri

ata

gne immorro

ar

fer,

for prois o

reim

reim as amal ata

-i-

ind amal ata

ar

fir,

ut est in

imalle,

Reim dano ceim a

amal

budein, ar

is

Treide ara (230) togtar

as reimnighther

is

Reim

reim

ind 7 as 3615

zSx\nmid 7 inchousg aund

imalle.

airb^rt

Bellat maihair Niuil

Do

me

a 3610

for

J ceille imale,

ind reimnigther.

is

fer,

ar

fer,

aondelb

is

prosta

nach lanreim.

ni

dano amal ata

ceille

suin

213

reim suin amal

-i-

suin, ar

ainmnigh 7 for a ginitii. Reim

ata Fland Flaind. Taobreimh
taobhreim cach

reim

Rem

as reimmthar.

is

Ni herecor a reim

Patraic.

2a2

Eg. 70

neimhnigh

clain/ Laidin langeimlx^^,

Fuair bas a

greine glain,

lo

3620

Ceile Feniusa Farsaidh.

Cia taopomna na techt

mbeth-luis-ni7 an

On

na ceoil

lo rocruta

'

guta lasin Laitneoir

Is

Connagar ono

ssund hunad

Re

2ix\xbruvi^\x.

uaim a

v consaini.

'mde J

Bunad

7 dilius 7 ruidlius J indlius.

amal

rain^.''

ogaim

no

diles

beith

do reim

filidhechta.
Eg.'\

i-

bith for in bfocul

no forpaid

7 dinion disail:

no

forpwV/ intan

airnion.

anma

proisi

forsin
-i-

i^

beith

foirbeoaidh

ceim.

i^

ru.

n-ilar

3630

na

no indlius [reim

rand

no

do reim

Et

ilar.
!

fair

forpaid

forsail J airnin

fourbeoaid intan

dinion disaiT

is

Forbaidh

dtuigsin ind

no

-i-

reim do radh

cen adcodar a

n-ilar

airbert

Ruidles

bairdne.

do reim na

Indlius

inn uathaigh

fair

na

inde.

Ruidles

n-uathad.

coitchend

ai'rdert,

quidivi on as robamus

Co'chend dona hn'ib reimendaiph

Diles

3625

is

forsail

bidh intan

foirid

in

mbeo

3635

is
i

dia dtap//!art//rr in forbaidh no in rand

dia breith re seachta.

Caiti
*''^

togar

bunad
*'-*

'^^ forbeodhaidh

et

'\nde

2.irbert,

rocruthuigh T.

coitchend

rocruto na ceol
.**'*

dilius

"^^ Is guta a

taborthar, dtaparT

YBL.

7 3540

ainm T.

AURAICEPT

YBL.230a22

214

ruidlus et indlius isin focul

is

Eg. 70 2129

fourbaid

Bunad cetoumus

A in^^e -i- fair

oni is accentus -i- formatrius, Wgnmsseach.
'x^ad bid foursin bfoucul four fot no cumair -i- airnin,
inin isail: no owx^paid a airpert

orsail,

dono a

fourpaid do rad

a radh

fri

gconssaine

-i-

or^aidhibh 3G45

Rudlius

Indlius do fourbaidiph dul a

do aonforpaid na
no
forbaid uathaid

do da forbaid na nguta
no forbaid

for [fh]idbaith

Diles a beth for fut no gair.

riu.

fourbaid fordingi.

loag aroile

dona

Couitchend

airbert.

-i-

huilib

for

ilair

forpaid fuit four qumair no forbaid cumair for fout

Forbaid intan

indles cen a fuath do sgr'ihend.

no

fair

sail

foursail

four

-i-

foucal: fourpaid antan

acht

is

is

dinion

duir: no dinin disail

Forpaid dono

fuilliud.

intan

is

mWiud

fair

Airnin

airnion.

is

Uu'Mud

-i-

an
sail

nem-

-i-

airnion no forbuaidh 3655

eirnidh nion

-i-

Ruidlius do

[h]idhbaid a airbert.

sech ni nion ni

disin

-i-

foursail

iarsinni foutaighes

dissail,

bid intan

is

no 3G50

no fourpaid

-i-

for

Dilius do airnin.

forsail.

Couitchend do dinion disail. Indles do fourpaidip dul a

log araile -i- do da forpaid na nguta 7 do eunforpaid na
consaine, ar at iat
7 dinin

teirce feuda fodera

taobomna, ut

fourbaidi docuisin

tri

est

di fo \u\\.ad

-i-

ceun^ no

i-

acht duir, ar

is
is

Dinin

nach nion co nach

di fo diultad co

airnion, forsail, 36G0

and

[No

glouna'.

fir-ding^eas a deiredh Eg. om.]

-i-

co nach fidh acht

Airnin arding defidh

disail.

-i-

ding

fil

airnin arin bfoucal

disail ar gair ge'ipid

sail

gairdigius in foucal 3665

duir (sgnhthar) ag ionchousg na ourpaide

is

Forsail
ut est feur 7 leur 7 gach timourta oulchena.
for fuot feudair -i- sail fair forin bfoucal dia fot amal ata

sin,

bn

7 ln.

Alt onn
ailt^^ ina

altus

is

menmain no go

berar re seachta
:s6i8
.663

uasal

lag

-i-

3650 fot

gardiges

i[n]

bunad Laitne

no onn 3670

feiser cia halt (col. ^) airchetail

nath, no ind an^zV, in laid, no

"''1

.i.
''^''^

in dig

co fesar

"**''

MSS. taobgmna

"*'''-

in anair

AURAICEPT

YBL. 230|Si

215

7o2bi2

Eg.

ind emain, in sethrad, [in seutrad Eg. om.], no in sainemain,

in

dian dona dianaiph o sin anon

inon

Alt in

na da

tsill<//5'

dono bunad

in^e.

Alt go bfeisser a airbert.

7 inde 7 airbert, coitchend,

inde dano

Bunad quidim

-i-

no

ault 3.igx\id

and no
:

inad

ailid.

do

no

in

si

nath,

is

se

7 dilius, coitchend et indlius 3685

filidechta

do

--

in aiste beraid re

an

laidh.

i-

coitchend

airbert,

coi inwisti [neich

chend do ferindsge
indsge

masgal
an

fir

is

no

fer, is si in

an

fir

ier

bunad
367!.,

is

94

inde

indlius

ind

raiter,

is

Ruidlius intan
is

se an fer so, cona

do radha

raiter, is

risin

Coit- 3695

D'ius
e bel

est

huil/^

no

sron

si

na mna.

fiacail

inwis coi

dona

couitchend

is

-i-

irlapra.

-i-

no

do deirnindsge: no

beun.

is

in

e i[n] 3690

is

do banindsgi, ut

ruidlius

n-aiccned
7

no

he beul no

alt.

firindsge

-i-

ruidlius

Airbert dono

DiMus antan

se.

ndlius

daig.
n

no

Ceallach

mbi

oniss ouratio a in/e

do banindsge

Connagar dono bunad

Eg\

no do

no go bfeisser

seachta, amal rogaph

coitchend do ferindsge

is

no

Flann

aisti urdalta,

diHus

Bunad cetamus

Dilius

aisti.

i-

coitchend,

aisti

an anma prosta

In^s'sge

banindsge no deimindsge.
indsge.

is

no

suil

an 3700

se

fiacail

anmaim samdre-

gcrand na tuism//

no intan fedhair indsgi

for

araile.

No

inde 7 airrbert, coitchend J dilius 7 ruidlius

onni

is

'>*'^

fris

3G80

tsaorda no alt saorda a n-

ailt

ault

co bfeisser an

-i-

-i-

ris.

Ruih'us da

fouclaiph na proisi, 7 coitchend do gach ocul

Indsge

airpert

do rad

alt, alt

Indlius do dialt, ar ni bi ault

bairdne

alt

no

no da ault bauirdne.

no ruidlius

Connaghar

ruih'us, indbV/i'

oniss altus, ut diximus.

oull ait

filidechta.

Alta ruidlius

immorro do

dUms,

Coitchend do gach

aiccenta a n-inad

aiccenta

ailt

7rl.

no

ail fuit

ault saorda

alt

re n-aimsire bioss iter

in

i-

men- 3675

ailter ina

prousta

aigned saordatad.

DiMus do

onni

-i-

anma

isin houct/ is ault.

Alt

o deach slouinwter.

is

main.

ota na seacht primaiste

-i-

''''^

bera

"" laoidh

''"'

YBL.

risin

7
an

3705

2i6

AURAICEPT

YBL. 230/326

bunad

Indsge, sgiencia, a

indlius.

Eg. 7021,45

indis

coi

'mdo.

sgouthecne a airbert.
Ruidlius do indsge aiccenta caom,

Indlius

ar

etargaire
i-

i[n]

Couitchend

indilsi.

co feusair ind

-i-

nath debrichta no

in luipencoussach

no

in

an anma prosta,

is

se

urdaulta.

Caiti

in trebrichta,

an

riu

re seacht

uair

RuidHus a rad
uair

is

si

an ben

-i-

foruaslaigt//^<:// a

i-

guth.

Airbert

aire

deiliugud no

-i-

-i-

Dilius a rad 3720

no do etargaire nchoisc

persainde sa.ndradaig-e

he.

hetargaire deurrsgugud a nderrsgugud,

coindealg

in

tomus

hetargaire

Indlius

etargaire

i-

is

n-ord comairme.

sloinded

is
fri

frecrus

si

no

Etargaire

Coitchend dona h.vMb etargairzM etargaire

couitchend

i-

persain,

ga.{r

no eipert

risna seacht n-etargairip tuas

i

no

laid ar a chair

inde J airbert, coitchend, dilius 3715

an e[targra]diamus

toumus no

de dualugud.

do rad

an

urdalta

fer

7 3710

eurdalta bera re seachta

aisti

euturgnod goutha. guia ^

\ixeith re

indsge

gnathugud

ar

imrind bera re seachta.

bunad

7 ruidlius 7 indlius

inc/ei-

Dilius do

Coitchend indiles don indsge saorda.

aiccenta euccaom.

no

no ruidlius a radh

hetargaire

frissna

inchoisg

persainde

iar

no a

re

ndilsi.

rad

3725

fri

heutargaire aile cenmota in sechta tuas do neoch dip

na feo

Coitchend indHus immorro dona

coindfc7c.

air

Couitchend a n-uord comairme.

heutargairib ar cheuna.
Indlius

do neoch diph nat

cinel,

e?

-i-

Is cinel

Is cenel

in

taobomna,

is

-i-

fidh

Fidh aiccenta

ogaim, an gne no

eiccen uair techtaig gne

Masa

eimh.

Fiodh saorda

fidh ind ogaim.

Fidh

fiodh na coiUe (231).

fourfiod et

an

Ni ansa.

Fidh saorda

aigenta.
i-

a gnee

catet

3730

frisgair in coina''/cc.

Cesc, an gne no in cinel in fidh

fid

in cinel

airechda

et

e sin in cinel cinelach gnethac/i l-

fiod.

Cesc, an
3708-4103

gne no an

g^ qi

:i7(w

cinel

jndiles

an deach
""1"

on

is

Is cinel

eimh

uair

etargrediamus foruaisligthech T.

3735

AURAICEPT

YBL.23ia4

gnee

techtai'd

secht ndeich na filideechta.

-i-

fogapaid

gneithech

cinel

no

Cesc, an gne

gnee

techtaid

reim

in

da gne

Is e sin

na

n-ernaili

[ocht]

cinel

in

-i-

d'fiodh four fidh J

taopreim lanreim,

bairdne

et
?it

in

filidechta.

Is cinel eim,

filidechta

Coulvim caid cumachtach

Taobreim,

21/

reim

-i-

est

71I0.

8745

/// .f/.*

3740

uair

a luam an gaisgid grin/.

Floiii/,

gnee four proiss o reim -i- reim souin gan

reim soin 7 ceiUe imalle, 7 taophreim prosta, 7 reim

Ceitheora
ceill, 7

Reim

nama.

soin

suin

et ceille

me

pudein.

gan

suin

imalle

Reim

cetumus

nama

-i-

Reim

fer, fir.

-i-

Taophreim prosta 3750

Flan/ Y\o\mi.

-i-

suin

hairccar a reim souin, ar

fora

ceill

Patroig

Ni

V?iXroig.

aondelph fora ainmniugud

is

ginitz'/.

Tri gneithi ara togtar reim ind, 7 reim aus, 7 reim ind

Reim

7 ass imalle.

Reim

[ind,

amal] ata

7 ind

ilair

rem ind
ar ni

ar

is

in fer

fer,

-i-

fil

is

as xeimnigtlitx 3755
.

Reim

ind teit

-i-

7 ass tt

bfil

reim as ina dualgus

as iar soun,

Reim

gceill.

ind

reim

-i-

no

-i-

fer

imalle 7 in^ dualgus ceille imalle

Patraic ar ni
ind iar

ar

ind a reimniugud.

dualgus foghair uathaid

ind ina

fir,

amal ata

fir,

amail ata

7 ass imalle,

foghair

as,

Reim

ind et ass imale

as
-i-

3760

Flan^^

Flaind, ar ata ind iargceill, 7 ata ass iar son.

Is e sin in cinel cinelach

sound forsna reimendaib.

gneithech ce'me\ac/i rocoumad

Is

e in reim

reim Laitne

-i-

no Ebra no Grege no Gaoidelce as a fogbad bunad an 3765

focail, uair ni

Cesc, an
uair

techtaid

dtaurrustar

tri

cinel int alt?

alt

bunad acht cechtar de (no dib)

gne no
tri

in ceinel in forpaid

gneithi.

Is

gneithe na Gaid^/cci.
Is

cinel

sin

7 ault

go

an

cinel

eimh,
foura

Cesc, in gne no in

eimh, uair atait

saorda J ault aigenta

sin.

Is cinel

tri

bfeisser.

gnee

Ant

fair

-i-

alt

co

3770

2l8

AURAICEPT

YBL.23ia27

immorro teuchtaid coig gne

bfeisser

an gne no
chail

na

in

tri

cinel ind indsge?

n-indsge sin

7 coig c'me/a.

teachta na

a gneithe.

Cesc, an

eim, uair

Is ceinel

tria

An

hindsgi,

tri

cen^/ deochrrt'z^us daoine an domain.

in cenel inn etargaire?

Cesc,

derp conid cinel

Is

gne no 3775

diairmhiti

is

cenel etardeochraigius na huile.

Is e sin in

Ni

Caiti eisi in tsechta frisa dtoimsigther Gaoidelc?

ansa.

Eisi feuda (pndini

an fhiodh

w-Wuch in

in \i\og aieoir teipidi gaibius

-i-

ut dixit in

focail,

Eisi fedha

is

fil'

3780

freitighe,

Ferr daiph a aithne ogaibh,

In blad eieoir theip//>^e

Techtas ind eallach

Caiti

eisi

deiich

aowconngbalach ainmnigther o

hruud

fiUti

fourbriste

uataigh co ioy.laid an

toxmach

gcomsinedh

no
fri

ogaLxda

fil

in

Ni ansa.

airigius

aign'^^

Ni ansa.

Caiti eisi alta?

fogur.

An

Ni ansa.

Caiti eisi forpaide

ilair.

tson 3785

in uaiti

gou briocht cona

otha ainmniugud

dighbail aimsire

in

no

Vxon
dialt

Caiti eisi reime

n-athgapail diplinaiph.

In

An

Ni ansa.

{oncail.

a 3790

In toi

don filid ag ceimniugud don litir for araile mad

alt saorda, no don tsiWaid four araile mad alt aiccenta.
In (oulud firen foirbthe
Ni ansa.
Caiti eisi indsge?
tengad

fil

feudhair isna trib cenelaiph.

Caiti eisi etargaire.

Ni ansa. 3795

Ant athfeugad meidi inde no inchoisg no eiterdethbere

no etarderrsgaigti rodealph Die
go mbeith Qsse
i-

mar
eisi

d'ccensia

adbarrda

geineimain

on

cruthoighti and
maigistz'r

Iss

ed

athair

mar

eisi

ata

eisi

YBL. don

don

duilib.

ugdar

filid

-i-

Ese cruthoigti
-imac do 3800

adbarrda and
Is

ed

oghlaini

[0]

cosmailius.

a-

Eisi

roinnius rann J uilidhecht

mac aga

adbarda,

fil

na

J a cousmailius.

7 fiagfr(7dh int

cruthoighthi na
37K

mar

i-

geuga

ta crau^ 7 ^

iter

cie

ai

[i]s

ader gu rab
"'

/.

is

eisi

oidi

no

uaisle, eisi

(col. /3) uaisli

esseniia

YBL.

231/3

AURAICEPT

cruthoighth

eisi

219

he a adpert

is

nach

sin

acht 3805

bfil

a.mna arna geinemain and no go gcruthoigther he o

fhoglaim, u dixit Plato.

Cret

pronomen
an/

na

iat

hernaile ata agin Laitneoir frecrus na

tri

agon

n-etargaire

secht

na

secht n-aisti

-i-

Secht

7 dobriathar.

bairdni domiter

(no capail) deside

is

-i-

sechta

ai

breith

do aib ind

-i-

foucal

re

ai

ind aisneis

-i-

sidea aile

-i-

filidecht, ar is

imcu^aid.

innti

T)\\gther

is

diph

-i-

secht

do bairdne, ar

rig a less

coma.rad cheudna

ruidlius

foucal do

-i-

mo

beith

do

is

iar

and

sic

ruidlius 3820

bfeudaiph

fhilidecht.

Dilius

comardad imcubaidh

conub binn

gach Gaid/lcc

J in

in

deiside 3815

recar a les im[fh]recra

is

lugam

fail

iarair

air[e] is

aircdhaiph, conid aire sin

is

na

Punadh

lxeith rie secht

sic.

comardad do

dligther do iarair innti acht

a bfoclaibh na bairdne 7 ^a

moum

is

co

seiptini

filidechta cach ae

Ruidlius do filidecht 7

proisi.

do

na

is

secht an seuchtsa anuass do

iarrtoigther

n-aisti

sechta do aibh and ai

fri

seacht atat iar n-aisneis isin bfocz//

gach

secht

seiptiin sin.

-i-

na secht n-aisneis (no iozul so) anuas

n-aisneissia

in sechta

Coin</ealg

sechta do aib domiter 3810

filidechta

bfocal

isi

Ni ansa.

filid?

re cluais 7 co rab 3825

Is douil/^'" cetus

7rl.

do tomus fri sechta, Is amlaidh so

fogabar deiliugud aimsm-da cen go bfoghabta

dialt aontsilIaop(?<;/z

eimh, uair
deiliugud

Is

(olpt/iaigi.

amlaid sin toimsigther dialt

fri

sechta J ni gach sechta frisa dtoimhiuster Gaoidelc, ar 3830

haontsechta toimsigther hi

is

fri

i-

fidh 7

bunad

deach

sic

-i-

frisin

sechta romainc/

a bfoclaib ailiph in tsechta,

larroigter

J inde J airbert, coitchend J ruidlius J dilius J indlius.

Lorc Luocha hEgbric hui Briain,

Gourt a mbith bouth brat seoil,
Aide Mide meic don Grein,
Sidhe na haoine im feil Eoin.
3806

Diog, Laert.

:!835

Gort a mbid botha brat

v, l,

19

Virg. Gr. 161, 5-7

sroill T.

'**'"

um

3835

feil

T.

220

AURAICEPT

YBL.23i^27
larragther

rand

isin

soudhcuipdius

so

cuipdiusa, 7 cretcuipdi[us] 7

lethcuibdius

soad

-i-

iarraigther

deig^^ouch beous salcuibdis 7 cretcouibdius, lancu- 3840

ibdius, iargcuibdius.
Coitchend doip uile deich do rad
isin

D'ms

riu.

no
7

dilius a

radh

bfeisiur in

da

sechta

fri

an taobomna

fri

gach n-aontsilW^

J ar a tsuin nemciallaide sin

hougar

iar

gac/i bfail

-i-

tomus

Caiti

coax

est

si'c

soun imalle

ruou'/,

soun dialt do rad

iar

neamciallaidi,

friu

3845

ciellaidi,

an fiodh touisech

-i-

an raind

-i-

inand a lion do taophomn?/*^ beus impo

reim

in

d'fidh

go

deach dona hocht ndeachaiph doroich an

taophreim no

isin

7 go
go raibe an fhidh

cetna beass a n-im[fh]recra na da tarmortchend

in

biss

do tapairt ar aird

tois^r//

taophcupa'//j'

Ruidlius iar gceiU

uile.

mbia deich

for fiodh
;

7 co

rab

bfeiser cia 3850

go bfeiser

aisti; 7

cia orpazd bes a bfoclaip ind im[f h]recra

co bfeisiur

7 co feusair ca

dona secht n-altaibh an ercetail -i- na filidechta.

Indsge -i- go bfeiser an se no an si an ais/i 7 eutargaire 3855
gne n-aircetail do gne do tomus re sechta, 7 intan ba
rosgad no tomusti and cibin/as notomhusti
ar ni bi
halt

no

\a.ncuhdius

^^0^^^^^//?/.?

forbta ainaile xoX.dXshenad

ocail

romesad a n-anail

Airrrt;/:^//u ?

andsin

is

Ni ansa.

secht

and.

-i-

and.

focrt/,

is

ocht ndialta

Caiti

in

(232).

rodilssi

Caitet na da

-i-

'^^'
"*^'*

is

coic

mbricht,

is

aoncong-

Ainmnigther o

iargcoumarc,

taophoumna gauphus

coull 7 ruis taur eis a, ut est Cuorm;^:

Im pa
Im ba

ioclaib

d an trian o n-ainmnigther ouldas

d trian o nach ainmnigther

cebach.
i-

Ni

oir

foucal

in

baulach, deconngbalach, treconngbalach?

tnun

Do

Ni ansa.
coi.

Caiti secht an ochta in 3860

in ?\ed.

Intan

n-alto

don

gxeini

baurd

tretsill-

3865

guthaige

seussach, im pa seung,
treusach, turmi? nglound,

Criosd

ti

in congena friom?
go techt tar forliond loun/.

3870

Gr. Lat. ii. 5, 15

na feuda beus isin da taobhcub// T.

-^^'

in fid deidinach

=*"

tuirmibh T.

T.

AURAICEPT

YBL.232a6
i-

is

reimtsuidhiugud da
i

tsill^^ iter

221

da choumuaim

an lourcc buddein bios uag imful?/^ an

sin

fidhrat'd,

oucat'/ co

auraile et ni louitend couir odrat'd:

Cie leuth cou pr-a/A

mo

Cusalua

ier

3875

gcuairt chruos

chouplauch creus

Im ba souir no siar, ni suaiU,

Im ba bu-thuaidh nou bu-deus.
'Lounfl'' 7

'

'Cia'

iter

'

Mhrad

leuth cou prat/i iar gcuairt crous,' a

no gu dtainic

freucuomfa:// sin

lound

an

7 'leuth'

'

dialt n-eitterleime etraiph. 3880

dialt n-eiterleime

eiter

-i-

deired in roind toisigh 7 toussach an rouind deighenaigh.

toumus fri fiodh -i- caiti iat na feudha frisin

Ni ansa. Co fesar a lion, a llion
a nd^wtar an toumus ?
et a n-uaiti e/ a mt e a loighet, a gcumang 7 a n- 3885
Cesc, caiti

eugcuomaung, a n^rt
Is

ed a lion

haicme.

n-uaiti

-i-

toirne, id est nion)

-i-

Q\xdhaib 7 a near'L

guth ind-aonaur
dusbere
7

fri

Ni ansa.
guth?z^e

occaibh

-i-

siWaibe,

is

fri

ata

fdh

fo

nialus

taophomn<M

ummorro antan

tria

is

-i-

bit

na

nialus

fo

intan doniter

n-

Egcumang cetamus

Ni ansa.

don-ouccaiph

na gcant^m

souil

n-eugcumaung 3895

uath

ata

fidh

cend

Fior eimh, ar ni tuigter na feuda deghenchuo

defougraibh sin

dogniat

suidiugz/^ s'laibe.

na uguthaigQ., amal

intan

a 3890

-i-

suidug/^/

fri

deochair

Caiti

aon-

-i-

cumang
intan

no egcumong

douiph.

(-i-

immorro antan

n^rt

Caiti deochair iter a

cend

uath

laighet

ceucha

meut

amal ata bethe, ailm,

a dtuohoumuaib/i

egcumang 7a n-aimn^rt?
intan

u.

Egcumoung cetamus: antan

amal

Et a

Cumoung cetamus

suidugud a

n-aimn^rt

e cuicc-r

aonaicme.

coic flesga.

a no o no

-i-

luis, ailni, souil.

7 a

-i-

a bfedha/<^ air^dhaiph

-i-

Ni ansa.

Waibe.

aicme an ogaim
aon

Caiti deochair iter a

bethe.

fleusg, ut est

a n-aimn^rt.

e/

cuicc

-i-

fo

chetoir.

-i-

3900

doiuph.
filit

isna

Aimnert

ag comhsuidightph cutrouma na nde- 3905

222

AURAICEPT

YBL.232a33

fougar isna {oreuhmd, amal ata

gaucha haicme
flesgaibh

-i-

aile

ma.\us, ut es
biti

Aimnert immorro

ni

auall

fedhaibh
(col.

ougaim
7

taophoumnaibh

7 cuicc^r

nd-ouorba

co

no co n-irdiphand.

co coic

ai

n-airrde:

Desdruim

aithne aicme bethe

droma,

muin

aicme na bforfiodh

ouna

feudhaiph

tri

ind ogaim.

Is

diUjnail

-i-

ceimnigther

-i-

on rand
is

-i-

do

isin

sdiXtvad four

remhat

-i-

aiccme
larsin

is

aicmi muin,

J is trit

7 anaull.

Aithne

mou rohainmniog^^

craund
Is hi

leiss

-i-

aicme ailm.
"91"

-i-

-i-

amal

amlaid ceimnigther isinn ogam

7 iss

frem

ed
-i-

is

crand sound

frem na craoiphi

tus, J

do lam dheuss 3935

bethe, et do lam cleith fo deoigh

is

e 3925

an

Tredruim aithne aicmi

frem an crouind ar

aicme uath.

leth tuaidh

imdrichaur ougam

(sin)
is

it

is

shou anmoun^/a dringtacha 3930

iat

conair aipgitri ind ogaiin.

i-

is

-i-

trian a n-egcosg 7

bethe do deis an droma,

-i-

Tua[th]druim

amlaid

imdreng//rtr crand

-i-

Imdruim aithne aiccme ailm adiu

co

-i-

co ndod-deilighther

e aithne aicmi uath

is

uath

Cuicc aicme 3920

o aonfidh co cuicc fedha 7 o

-i-

fleisgaiph

cain-nus-deiligther triana n-airde

e

ciar,

inntibh iter

gacha haicme cenmotha na forfeudha

o aon co cuic cacb

aonfleisg

iarum, cian 7

est

it

Lanchumang

nGaidel.

lasin

ndofir-baidhe,

/3)

ni berar a

seru[u]s uulgus, lasin Laitneoir

uuall

intan na

comang
mor chena bfarr^'rf' na bfidh n-airedha. 3915
immorro intan biti fo consanachd, ut est
occai.

uadhaibh auchd

Aimhnert

an egcuw-

Eccoumong cetomus

an aimhnert?

comung

intan 3910

iio

fo

piti

nGaidel, ut est

Caiti deochair iter

Briain, gliaid, feoil, beoir.

bit

antan

quoniam, quidei)i,\z&m. Laitneoir

.'

go coic

J nion 'na cuicczV^r

Egcumong cetuomus

guthaighe a n-aontsillaib lasin

tri

oung

oenfleisc

i-

amal ata beth[e] 'na haonur

Gne

do/<^.

Cuicc fedho

beun.

(er J

7 o aon go cuicc cachai

Gr. Lat.

iv.

uait, J is fris

Tairis J
367, 19

-i-

cuccut

-i-

-i-

uime aicme na

AURAICEPT

YBL.232/3is
bforfiodh.
7
i-

amlaid sin deiligter feudha

Is

taopoumna amal fida? Ni ansa. Fobith domio'\\.er fedha

friu
a n-ainm prostu
taoboumna
na
taopomna 7 cainfuaigter na {owcail dip, ut est luis ailmi
frisna

i-

i-

bethe ailme

la 7 ba.

-i-

comuaim amal
deirig

lethraind

cinnus

sealpad saorda

in

do fedhaiph nama.

-i-

Ita 3945r

ata fidh aredha in lethraind toisigh 7 in

fuaigedh in rand.

dis

in

teit

domither

amal

taopoumnrt/^

frisna

taopomna

Cach da

ansa.

he sin

Is

cin reim acht reim remraithi

in

forfeudha

et

Cesc, cid ar a n-eibertar fedha friusidhe 3940

taophoumna.

ter

223

ar

Ni

fidha?

a cupaid.

fidh

Cesc,

ed a

Is

cupaid iarum cach da coibfid a cubaidh co x^eth a fidh 3950

cetno beus
llion

do

ansa.

bas

feudha

Amal

friusidhe

Cid ar a n-

cel.

taoboumnaiph

frisna

-i-

cend

frass bras,

las,

nem

dourn, oxxnn cownn,

lend, corn

aubaur

ind im[fh]recra 7 corab inand a

bfoclaiph

taopomnrz'^, ut es

Ni

iarraigther fidh airedha in an;//a icca hreth re 3955

sechta, sic sin

iarroigther

bfoucal cauch da

taoboumna

in

taopoumna

ar fiodh,

Jit

bis

dicitur

and

-i-

isin

MarcacA autconn/aurc ane,

'Eutac/

Uan
i-

coll

Bas

tantuni.

bras 7 l^ss

lass,

no

is

tuinne dath a da

lancupaid

aontugud

co

comardad

n-aircetail ata, uair

taobhomna

ndeiliugud

xnsxd

no cro a cubaid

fri honn
Taobcubaid -i-

indsin.

Dedha

andsin.

cin

is

3960

o.

e ant aontug[ud] co n-inan^/us 7 int

inan^/us

aontug3^

intibh 7

cro,

gilithir geiss,

a n-agaid onn

i'uis

uime co nndath

dath at

amal

airecor

ata bas
is

inan^

las,

and

-i-

is

iar

fidh ^weghdhz.

taobomna deighenoch

sain

3965

fil

immorro

toisich.

Caite ruidlius 7 dilus, coitchend 7 indlius do fedoibh 3970

do tomus

friu

Dilius

do forfedhoibh.

Ruidles do fedh-

224

AURAICEPT

YBL. 232(338

uibh airedhoibh.

taobomna.

Coitchend do

'

do

Inlius

taobomnrt/<^ sic isna foclaibh ailiph in tsechta.

Conagur dono

comhdluthugh

fri

bunath o aon,

isin aipgitir

dedha, 7 a cor a tredhai,

comuaim
morudh fri

cuicthi, a

airec o

ceathardha, 7 a 3975

fri

sedhai, a

foghrt:/'/

sechda, a riagh?/! re hochta, a hincosc a noie, a fastad

a ndeicthi.

aon tuas

e tra int

Is

Feinius Farrsaidh,

-i-

dedho mac Etheoir, in

mac Angn, in cethruim//e Cae, in coicidh Aimergin mac Noiwe meic Nionuail, 3980
an seisidh Fercheirtne (233), in sechtmad a dalta, int
ochtmad Cendfaolrtf//, an noimad a dalta, an dechmad
tredhath

in

Cnaptha, a

{o?>\.ad

in trefocul.

nGluingeal
arriacht

-i-

a n-aon

Aimirgin a fearsa

Tochur

Cualun? a loc

7 tucaid

loug

cisi

haimsir

Feinius Farrsaidh

in

denma

-i-

-i-

and batar a tusdige

dia

in

persa

pa hand

hairm a

cia

Iss

immorro 3990

ogin tour

ba go hEceptacta
7

3985

n-ar ndeoigh.

rriochd

MI'/

mac Miled

Ir

-i-

dara deisgiopul sechtmadad na

Ephradaiph a bunadus
iss

Fenius)

nEnechglas

hui

crich

beurla Feine,

cia rainig in

n-airrniocht, 7
irrainic

(-i-

n-aimsir mic

Moir a

Inbir

tolugud go heingen amal ata

Ceasc

uachdarach

int

-i-

e so tosach an Airaicepto iar nAimirgin

Iss

-i-

in

Pa do

sgoile.

rofaoide^/, fobith

ron-alt.

Is

and roan

Feinius feissin accan tour no go tdourracht a sgoul cuigi 3995

as gach aird

cionn deich

mbHedan

four gach leth, connaitchend cusin sai

na beith ag nech

aile

douiph asna

iar sgailed
-i-

oun tour

gou Feinius berla

hilperl.^/^,

achd comad

ouca a n-aonur no beith, no ag nech nofouglainnedh leo

doridisi.

Is

andsin ox^ed doip

laiph rotaispenadh

Gaidel

mac

thlaig, 7 is
S972
''**'

Aingin, uair

he rob

in berlu-sa

do aonfer diph,
ferr

\x^iiis

'^"

Cinaodh T.

'''^'

is

he

is

mo

asna hilper- 4000

7 pa he an fer sin
daroth/rzzV^ no toro-

diph conad he a ainm-sidhe

dedhas
1. a phersu

for-

mac nGoimeir

^****

leg.

'**^

gu hAimirgin

^rl.

T.

AURAICEPT

YBL.233a20

22$

dota in berla sin,conid Gaidelc deiside o Gaidel mac Aingin

meic Glunfind meic Laim[fh]ind meic Eithiur meic Aghno- 4005

man do Gregaiph.

mac

Gaidel

Aingein

mba

ferr

Laitneoir

grus ni

cros ar ani

caoine

ed

-i-

doreip?rf'

4010

hairrniocht cairecht^zri
cairachtaire
est

leosum

^ J^Iq ^

sechnait in Gaidilc dona haip-

litri

Rolaiti iarum

feudha for leth 7 a dtaobomna 4015

go bfuil cach dip four leth (do)

lasin nGaid'/

agn Ga.ide/ amal atat agin

atait

crux Latine

is

is

croch agin Gaidel

a fregra lassin Laitneoir, ut est

fil

mpa

gclsLUi-ud, iss

arnichta

ailibh

ge nacha cumusg

araile

-i-

Gach soun do na

no huocht

It iet sin

leth

leithe

mbethe-luis-nion an ogaim, u

isin

gitribh aile.
for

mba

haipgitribh

doip

Is

a n-edargna in gach berla, 7 u

-i-

insin Gaidilc.

isna

-i-

7 Eitheoir.

turgp^// 7 u

fri

tra Gaidel mac Aingin J

da ainm patar four a athair -ian2sin iarum doreip^/ in berlasa

Inand

Eithiuir

Aithri?

dam

Sech a

teit

an

4020

lios

an glas

Inab imda grus

An gob imda

auss.

Ceitheora ran^/a forfogailti agin tour

sechtmogat,

da comairlech

sechtmogat, da berla sechtmogat.

lasin

ndernad an tor

Gomer

tour,

geinealrt?>?

da thuaith 4025
primthoiss^r//

Saile, 7 Gregus mac

mac Puin otat Latianda, 7
Nemruad mac Cuis meic Caim

^^3^

ut

Chron.

est

in

i-

Necus
iarsin

i.

32

[1.

go

Greccus

mac Gomer do

parabulamb genilogia

na nEaprz/^i

Aisc,

Togarma
*

F. F.

Brec dano a rad so

Is

Eber mac

i-

Ribath Scout otat Scuit,

Gomer,

da deisgiopul

otat Gregaig, 7 Laitin

meic Nai
agin

-i-

sechtmogat,

i-

-i-

ni rabatar acht tri

beith

leapair

meic ag

Aschenaz], 7 Riath a n-anmanda

rogenair Greccus o n-ainmnigtir 4035

^J Fenius
FarsazV/// /rl. T.

-^

Chron.

i.

226

AURAICEPT

YBL. 233^42

Ni raibi immorro ingra -i- ingar (col. /3) go mad

Grecus, co nnach raipe ic cumdach an
Gouimer
mac do

Greicz.

amlaid

tuir

Coumaimsir<i:/ andso

sin.

an tuir go flaithius Nion meic

coicat o sgailiud
coicait

dopoi a righe.

secht

cetaiph

Tuta^eis

Ceithri

do

Peil, a

deired

co

Is re lind

bliadain

ar tri fichit ar 4040

bHadna dec

Nion

flaithus

an doumain.

ri

Da

sis.

flaithiusa

rotoglad an Trai fa

deigh secht mbliadna iarsin co dtug ^nias ingen Laitin

meic Puin, conid deich mbliadna ar ochtmogaid ar oucht
cetaiph o sgailiud an tuir Lauina 7 Laitin fein dorinne 4045

a caingzV/

fris.

Is follus assin

co na bou

ingen Fouraind
rofaus

he

co nnach c^rt-tiaghait oes ind Uiraicepto

sescatmad primhtois^r/z an

in

ri

Nel mac Yminsa Farrsaidh

-i-

rapatar na teungtha ar na sgailed

dtuicced se na teungtha 7 docuala

se

na hEigipti

Scouta

ri

Dotogairm cuige

in^^to.

na tengt/z

fo

onoir romor, conid

et as

sou

frichnam//7<://

fer

magh Seunair mr

Sgeithia go

go dtainig asin

ag sduid/r

Sgouta

tuir.

Eigipti o n-ainmnigtir Scuit

dob

do

leis

ail

Eigipti Nell do beith

fein

he co tecusgrt/

tug se a ingin fein do

uaiti

4050

ainmigtir

-i-

4055

ut

Sguit,

dixit poeta :

Feine o Feinius atbertai,

Brig gan douchta,
Gaidz/ o Gaidz/ G\as garta,

4060

Sguit o Sgota.
I

mpau

ferr 7

mba

lethe ina cach berla 1x\o

leosim a n-etargn^ a mbith coumdis muiti uile

caoine

caoime

-i-

a cuig fo cruaidh

dono a cuig

YBL.

4068-61

4060

cf.

leis

ar

quam

fedha airedha andsin.

Caoime leosim

cuig fo bugu, a cuig fo deghfog^/r,

uile

amal ata agin

ouchtmadad

Keat. Hist.

YBL. Gald-

a cuig fo fut 7 a cuig fo lan 7 4065

quam aon quig fuithzM

forfedha indsin,
^O"

-i-

fo gair, a

ferr

7 muiti amal atat agin Laitneoir.

mbeth comtis lethguta

A mba

-i-

ii,

i6,

o Gaidg

319-22

Maolmuru Othna, 69

YBL.

233

Laitneor
Iss

ed

sin

AURAICEPT

25

i3

dichronus

fo

nemcinnti

-i-

uile,

ut est

gcaomnagtar

fil

a bfouclaiph dono

Laitneoir

-i-

Leithe

frecra

leitriph

Laitneoir

fil

nGaidel

cenela clouch do nach

Lethe dono

de

filit

bfouclaib 7

inas

sin

nGaidel

lasin

sdrupala lasin

in

gciallaib 7

Cid

Laitin.

leithi

an

ret, tic

ciall reullait sin isinn

Ni

Laitneoir.

on amal

fior

sgieris no7nen, cognico

muna
lasin

nGaidel

nGaidel

lin^

nGaoidel

immorro

Aqu\a\

fil

icon

Nicienciivi

na reut 4090

lasin Lait-

aimnis lasin Laitneoir, aphoun/

pisginai laisin

na

Gaidelc 4085

foclaib, ni lethi

atbail aithne

hetftrgnaither (234) ant ainm.

neoir, uisgi lasin

iat

is

uathadh foucal

-i-

laisin,

Gaidel ag sloinr/edh

isber in Laitneoir

rerum perit

lapis 4080

Laitneoir

litribh in

lasin

agin Laitneoir.

x&zz.x\.\iaich

gciallaib, ar cia beith ilanman(/a agin

na

pcutra

nGaidel, OMx\d 7 ailcne, immorro,

c^LXxac lasin

a frecra

a frecra-sidhe lasin Laitneoir

clouch

lasin

ail

fil

Gourmarium
Grus immorro

frecra.

lasin Laitneoir, ^xnixach laisin nGaidel.

laisin nGaidel, ni

ni

Lethe 4075

gourmaulo

tanouch:

nGaidel dia

laisin

gciall-

cetoumus

Laitneoir.

lasin

grus 7 cluoch 7 lind

grus

-i-

Laitneoir, gruth

Laitneoir,

22/

nemtsealp7/.

Leithe

co dtimairgter.

7 co roectar 7

Ni

lasin

Latini oinneis suont uocales producti 7

atat na huile guthaige Latianda co
-i-

aibh 7 a bfouclaib 7 a leitriph.

lasin

no

na cuig guthaige an greim 4070

isbeir in Laitneoir gabait

corropti posunt

Eg. 71

Laitneoir,

lasin nGaidel, ni

iechlind

fil

lasin

a frecra lasin

Laitneoir.

4O95

Rolaiti iarum a feudha four leith et a

four leth co

bfil

cach

ai

leuthguta ^x\d amal nach

Gach
'^^

duil

1.

for leith ou'raile, ar ni bfil

Grecca ^Mcht muiti nama.

do nach raibe aimniucc/ isna beurlaibh ailiph

scopulus,

' Origg.

diph

thaophoumna

Origg.

xiii.

xvi. 3, 2

21,1-3

bfil

la

*^^ rellait

*^ abond

***^

Nisi enim

Gaidl YBL.

228

AURAICEPT

YBL.234a7

arichta a

'

'

isin Gaidilc, ut

ainmniugud doiph

grus.cluoch, 4100

^.y/,

h'nd.

an dara

i-

i\\\ab deigi?ach oir

is

a
oir

is

Laitneoir ar cor

gnither
tanuisi

amal ata

iter

'

et

Do,'

'

cumair rolean

an^

dis,'

ina aimsir<3/7

'

si

cuimre
7

na

Ni
Neoch
ropui

tri

litrip,

41

'

don

cumair Eg?[ a sircundimus

'

'

-i-

is iat

4120

aimseradh
'sirqundas,'

sircunrt?,'

persan^/a

iLair

cet;

'circun-

gen

gur-

do

ar

-i-

'

4125

-i-

lenand

ni

nior doluidsi on a qumachtain

acht

sin.

'

tuas,

ar

ata

sin ita in penuilt

dimus

sirqundimus,' 'cirqundercimus'

'

ansa.

circundamas

sin

ilair

damus,'

'

4110

circunda,'

fertar

rolen

et

persain

uime

is

et

'sirqundad'

'

'

ar tus.

tosach

persanc/a huahaid :

tri

na

oir

'm'

tuas do beith cumair [oir dobai

len

'

ria

cuimre

na

'

cuimre (no coibhiti Eg. om.)

in

'

ilur

S na persain/e

did,'

'

Dobai ar circundimus

'de'

do-

d'eturtsam-

'

'circundis,' 'circundit,' poi

'

iter

circundamus

"

'

'mu'

'mu'

tria

410j5

in cetpersa

tanaiste

persaind

ilair Lasin

o circudas,

conat

on persain tanuisi uathaigh cruithT

on

ugud

-i-

et

siorcundamas,'

ainin do

is

chumair

deg^wich

laisin Laitneoir 7 'uilt' in sillab

'

'penuilt'

penuilt

fuodera

Cidh

fout

do' do

aonsillab.

bhi fada co nnderna.

Cid foudeura aiccent forin penuillt comair sen

'

da

'

met
^103

et nach ar
is

'

cund

pindiult T.

-'^"^

sillad

cin

go lenand T.

^'-'^

-'i"''

conid

is
^^^''

'

sircuim

tanusi

'*"^

rolen aimserud

^i^i

ybl.

persan/an/a

aon tsiollaobha dhe T.

i-

Ar ata do

Ni ansa.

ata ?

luigtech in dobriathar

'*^'-'
"i"-^
iDai
robai
J"8 fertur coibhfidh T.

^'-*

'

*'"
"^''

'

rei

'

do

d'etorsamugud

ferthor
22 ^a cobihfidh T.
"* airnin forin T.

4130

AURAICEPT

YBL.234a34

Eg.

229

711^43

conna romill uimpi a haimsered nach a haiccent amal na

Millidh immorro in 're' in
romiU a cailirefacio.'
'

Buidiugud a rolagat.
ed

Is

nlar

son tosach ind Uraiciopta iar Feinius

\x\d

mac Nema

Aingin.

Is laigtech risin mbreithir.

iar

dano an aimsir a

a persanda 7 aimsir

Is iat sin

nGaidel mac Eitheoir no mac

iar

4135

tangadar meic Issrael a hEigipt.

nAisia

Is a

ari-///,

cia

muig tSeunair doriacht. Tuccait a sgriphind 4140

a touthlugud don sgoil moir go Feinius et co hlar mac
Nema 7 go Gaidel mac Eitheuir a tep/V/Z'i doiph ind
isberait isa

Uraiciopt[a] 7 iar dtiodnacul (in) rechta do Maisi 7 iar

do Caei Cainbrethach oga, conid

bfoglrtz';//

na haipgitri a n-aontapaill amal

na

dtri

primberladh

Se primtoisigh

airi sin

dernad

lasin

adrubrumair romaind.

tour

in

mac Sdairw

Partab;;

Eimer mac
/rlo, amal

-i-

Gregaigh

otat

(col. /3)

Seura meic Sru meic Eusru cetnarogaph Eire

ndilinn

4150

/rlo.

Cest, caitiat aipgitri na tri primberla iter

Ni

cairecht7!;'i ?

cetamus andso

sios

aleph (H. Eg.)

beth

gemel

(s- Eg.)

(r-)

doctrina

t'd est

donius

plenuin

deleth (ci) tabalaruni

uau

ista

sdai[n]

\-

"

heth (h)
teth (n)

'^'

Ephrat'de

-i-

forcetul.

tech.

lan.

\-

clair.

4160

prinncess {prinnceps Eg.)

i.e.

i.e.

ainmnighe

andssou.

(!<) /lee i.e. is

-i-

i-

hee (u-)

(-g-) \.&.

aipgitir

4155

i.e.

eim,

i.e.

'\.e.

ansa

"t

meic

rie [iar ii>.]

Neimnmid meic Aghnoumain meic Paim meic

Seura meic Sru

agus

arriachta

cuiteut aipgitri 4145

7rla.

Greccus mac Goimer

Saile,

isbeir

uita

-'v

bonuui

VBL. MiU

i-

i-

tigerna.

he.

beutha.
maith.

Gr. Lat.

ii.

402, 13

viii.

177. 9

230

YBL.

ioih. ({)

cap

lamiach

prtnndj>m)n

(S)

mem

[n]un

samet
ith

i\URAICEPT

234/3 1^

i.e.

(-s-)

(-x-)

inanus

4165

tossdich.

lamh.

-i-

excipsis

uaitib.

-i-

sempiternunL

(-ri-),

7iib30

suni cordis, disciplina.

i.e.

(-ci-),

-i-

Eg.

adiutorium

co suthain.

-i-

i-

4170

furtacht.

ri.

-i-

j;

in,fons.sum, oculus

fe,

-i-

topur no

osa ab ore non ab osse

sade

cop

"I

res

sen dentium

tau

(f-) iusticia

uocacio

(-i-)

(-c-)

capites

xz>(i:

-i-

i^

i-

i-

-i-

(-i-

suil.

on bel

7 ni

on chnaim).

coir.

gairm.

4175

cend.

fiacla.

comarda.
Finit disin.

4180

Aipgit/r Grecda suoniafa :

alpa

(i).

]]

beta

(ii).

r gama (iii).
A delta (iv).
E ersion (v).
Z

steta

eta

4185

(vi).

(vii).

teta

iota (ix).

kapa

luta (xx).

(8).

4190

(x).

M imos (xxx).
N

oz

xl.

'B csi Ix.

4195

phi [0] Ixx. [^] 700.

418

"pijg

after are

Digamma,

vi,

is

omitted

one place wrong up to

xl.

and consequently the numerals there-

.AURAICEPT

YBL.234/344

Fi

23I

Eg.7iib37

Ixxx. [sampi] 900.

[koppa] 1x1 us

[tt]

um

pro [p] centum us

csima

uu

duo] us

[1.

4200

centum.

[r] tri

]xc.

hi

centum ono

[o-']

[H] cuic cet us

(p.

psi 5 [sampi] nai cet us

uio

seacht cet us

[xf/]

rav [da 00 = w] uocht

4205

cet.

Domnall ua Aoda

[Finit disin o

Maolchonaire.

damsa

uile raot 7 is

mo

is

secht

ollo;//<a;m

cuwain dam cuige so

Is olc in

mo

doberim

mallacht 7 mallacht Dia dob[er]air air sin di

dobeir se cunain

aithigh

(?)

uile Eg?[

4210

Aipgitir \^^\\.ianda indso.

b
d

'\.^.

i.e.

iusticia

i.e.

fortitudo

i.e.

\-

recongnitio

i.e.

pulnia

adaig.

2,

Is

(1.
'\.Q..

7 teine.
or.

i.e.

pluvid)

pax
i.e.

presiositas

-i-

-i-

-'v

aipgitir

Ephraidhe

^' uioo

'^ YBL.

onora

lux

fertain.

i.e.
1

i-e.

i.e.

-i-

n
p

aqua

nox

et ignis

i.e.

4215

i.e.
i.e.

griansolustur.

dies et

fota.

-i-

nobilitais

onoir.

-i-

trad).

regnouni

i.e.

diuiti.

(sic)
-i-

(1.

pietas

i.e.

-i-

'v

la

r
7 ^220

uisgi

auruni

-i-

loghmaireacht.

Fenius Farsaidh (rainic) na

asrubartamrr
7 aipgitir

-i-

aipgitir

Laitianda 7

*2u-22 cf. Virg.

rt'z>/

-i-

solis

betha

-i-

e in feur cetna tra

ceitheora haipgitri

dignitas

sithchain.

craphrrr/^/.

-i-

i.e.

i.e.

longa uita

Eg.\

tossach.

tarbdacht.

eathwadh

-i-

subachas,

-i-

-i-

utili[t'\as

i.e.

duailitas

i.e.

umla.

prinncipiuvi

[oinoir

religio

aithne.

-i-

-i-

i.e.

[h^ilaritas

nertmairecht.

opsequiuni

ogmoir

-i-

flaithemnus.

nert.

-i-

ueneracio

trocaire.

indrucus.

-i-

\.q.

^' YBL.

iri

M;iro Gram.,

75;/?

Greccda

7 ^225

bethi-Iuis-nion

p. 89, v.

'^-^

YBL.

lan^us

232

AURAICEPT

YBL.234i330

an ogaim

aire

deigenach ar

certi in

is

Eg. 71 2 a r6

fa

is

deoigh

arichta in beithi-luiss-nion an ogaim.

i-

a sgrip>^^^ a n-aontapaill a ropatar roimhe uile no 4230

comad he

arriachta aipgitri ind

fath

na n-aipgitr/

oile

imalle, u dixiums

nd-aontapaill

uair itait

-i-

non
7
is

na haipgitri

sic

he

bethi-luis-nion
It

aile acht a [c]

aipgitri in ogaiin 7

lin

cumusg

it

Hon na

sgoile

tri

fordota iarum,

coull,

dofhourmaghat

conidh aire

7it

ogaim

isin

est

leith.

7l|1]|1|D]]||)^0
filit

frisna vii tuas, uiUeand,

and

ifin,

e 4240

it

eman-

Ismberait araile

ainmnigther aipgitir (no fedha)

itir

in

Gaidilcc acht o chran/aiph cin cob aithionta

in[d]iugh araile croind

cran<^aiph

for

rolaiti

rolaiti four leith (235).

co nnach o dainiph

aire

is

an anmanda fordota in

Asberat araile conid deich feudha airedha

an

ogaim

atat inntip uocales 4235

an ogaim, conid uadh

anmanda

in

sgribhind

forfeuda agin Gaidilcc

-u-

b[a Egi\ coiger ar fhichit

ar

aipgitir ind

n-urd aipgitri o consanaip,

leith a

7 rola a ^\x'Cs\aigi for

ogaim

-i-

diph,

ar

atat

hernaile

tri

for 4045

aire feudha, 7 aithig fedha, 7 losa feudha et

-i-

uaithibh sin ainmnigter feudha ind ougaim.

Aire fedha

quidim:

ibor,

dair,

Aithig fedha
crithouch,
fidhout,

coull,

cuillen/,

fern, [sail

droigen,
fion^coull.

Eg\

trom,

Lousa

aball,

uindis,

gius.

bethe, lem. sceu, caorthan<'/,

feorus,

crans'

feudha

feithlend, 4250

aitend,

-i-

gilcach, rait, eidhend, driss, spin, leclo

fir,

-i-

fraoch

luachair 7rIo.

Beithi dixdiu o beithe rohainmnig//^r ara chousmalius

cois

an

Feochuos foultcain
7

is

fri

beithi, ut dicitur

airi

sin

is

-i-

beithi.

mbeithe xosgxi^ad

in

4255

ceutna hainm

ougaim tuccadh a \\Yxinn -i- secht mbeithe

Lug mac Eithk -i- bertar do ben fo

tug///rt

shecht

do
a

AURAICEPT

YBL.235ai2

sidhaiph uait nisi eain custodieris

Et

is airi

Luis dono

ogaim.

dicitur

sula

li

is

luis

Sail 'xdiu

dono

is

nembi

-i-

caourthan/,

ni;/

uin^is

-i-

an

sith

garmno dognither do

deilgniph

dono

no

-i-

uint/is
is

miwic

is

la

dosaiph

treus

cu'end ar

-i-

Coll

coull

i-

ut

is

Ouiert

i-

i-

finemain

i-

apall.

finemain,

///

eilit.

-i-

i^

gilcach

nuo

ng

no

miod<7-// ice

-i-

Straif dono

raith.

ssdraibh
'*^'''

is

-i^

Fiand

ro'xgetid
^-'''"

(i-

cli)

ice

no

-i-

ro'igend, ut

no

straif

nembeth

i^

[i^

Gort 4285

ngedal

dicitur

airden

Eg?[ gilcach no

saididh nell

^'^< ^

i-

eidheand,

-i^

raith, ut dicitur luth lego

imad a

i^

mui

luth laisna legaib 7 coibnes iter

ar

no 4280

o chran/

is

finemain.

dono eidheand, ut dicit'ur glasibh geltaip gort

Ngedal

cno-car
fer

dicitur airden maisi

iarsani fasas a n-airdi

gilcach no raith, ar

is

o chran<^ rohainmnigther

Muin dano

i^

-i-

cu'end

is

dicitur

abull, ce/zV gelt queirt

rohainmnigther

Duir
airdem 4275

dono

no ith-car

apall, ut dicitu r clithour baisgell

-i-

nin 4270

-i-

sgiaigh.

ic

dair, ut dicitur

-i-

coull,

i-

Queirt dono

cain-car fid.

\i\wd\s

o chran^ rohainmnigther

is

cach ag ithe a cno

-i-

na croind gae

uath mor hi ar a

is

chdirpaid.

in

rohainmnigther

chranrtf
fer

roth

fidh

N/

ar isinn aimsir tsidha

-i-

cuWcnd, ut dicitur trian roith tinne

in

ambi

li

marph.

o chranc/rohainmnigther

cach comdail

Tinne dono

dair.

fri

di

is

comdal qua uath, ar

o chrand rohainmnig///?r

is

dicitur

?/^

no costad side

fern, ut

na sgeith. 4265

o uinnsin<'/, nt dicitur

ar

i-

dath a

-i-

di dogniter

is

togbr/th^rgarmna. Huath dano

sge, ut dicitur

o chaor-

-i-

ailleacht

ara cosmalius a datha

soil

triesa cosgarthar

i-

ar

o chran<^ rohainmnigther,

coscrad sidhe

giniol

fern ar

o chrand rohainmnigther

is

tu hi.

dtousach aip^zVrz ind 4260

o cran^ rohainmnigther

is

dicitur aireunrt-/^ Fian

soil

muna coimhta
i

chaorthana^, isin tseunGaidilcc, ut

i-

Fern dono

233

o cran/ rohainmnigther

ainm do

than/ uair luis

chaor.

-i-

sin beoss sgript/m/r bthe

7i2bi

Eg.

aire
-'x-

^""

sraba 4290
a dhe
sraib

ssuass.

Ruis

ruis

trom

-i-

o<r/tach

i-

AURAICEPT

YBL.235a38

234

echlaisg.

Edath

fe

fe

crand

-i-

iobhar

snamchar

crithuch, ut est

tuathmar

dicitur

ut dicitur tuathmar

cia

a fedha

gabar ar

no emancholl

[Uch

fedha pin

seim muin

cumang?
7

dicitur

spinan no

Emrt^coll

-i-

4305

gabar emancoll ar ach

-i-

oud saothaid

-i-

uch

caol.

Lancumang

Ni ansa.

mor

Oulk;//an

foghaphar

-i-

cidh

bec

in

ut aili dicunt.

itir

Is

iat.

ceithirtsliocht

ogaim

-i-

imne

fedhair

isin

4310

isin

Cesc, ciss

inntib

taobomna co nd-ourba huath

n-aign^rt' cidh

Cin

4300

eidleand,

-i-

caor.

uadaiph ainmnigter feudha

is

Gaidilc 7 nochan o dainip

ut

-i-

tinn mo chorp Eg. om.'\

Anmanda fiodh tra sin uile amal

Duili Feudha, /

fedha

-i-

is

(col.^)

lir

Eba

siinper.

Ipin

-i-

dicitur

feoruss no edlend,

Uiileand

midiuiti, ut dicitur

-i-

-i-

-i-

no edleand.

no emancoll

aill

frech.

-i-

ut

eithlend,

-i-

fiarses.

-i-

fid

spin, ut dicitur millsim

umda

Oir

fidh

sruith^; aicdhe feorus

aitend no

-i-

iobhar,

-i-

eo barr

-i-

fer.

-i-

no crithach, ut dicitur

fir

Idedh

flesg.

feth

-i-

quaisi pailm a 4295

est,

guiremh dal

fraoch, ut dicitur

edh uath

sioeim fedha iobair

ut

iachtadha

no aihn, id

ruici

Ailm

truim.

aitend, ut dicitur cunovih eich

-i-

fer

teine

-i-

airdeumh

ailm

feirrdris

Onn [
Ur

-i-

erchra

no

troum, ut dicitur ruamna

-i-

no ruamna ruisg

uath

fe ue^ at

palma.

dono
:

uile

iter

amal bes
innister

fedhaib

for

isin

4315

taobhoumnaiph -i- cumang 7 ecumang lancumang 7

lethchumang
cumang a forfeudhaiph, ecgumang a
muitibh, lanchumang a fedhaiph; lethchumang
leth:

gutaibh.

Itberat

araile

lanqumang a muitibh

Treidhe dogni uath

Bog7(^
^-
'''^^

cetamus

airdemh
co ndurboi

for

is

tretslicht

-i-

\>ogad

taobomnaib

^
^^'^

is

coir

and

-i-

ar ni bfilet lethguta lasin nGaidel.

piU-,

amne

et s\vs\\\\xgud 7

7 isna

YBL. pawk

m\)^dad.

ndiaigh do-ecaiph
4-<
*'-

snemh T.
doecamni

4320

AURAICEPT

YBL.235/ii2

do p 7 do c 7 do
Laitneoir, immorro, bidh

doibh

do duir

t 7

-i-

Eg.

tinf-/

72iai7

do gourt.

235
lersin

gach taobomna don 4325

ar

rempa do-ecaiph
bogad
bouc7<^ cuill, cloch
doiph. Bouccad beithi, sop
tin/e^ath; bog<a;<iduir,sodh; bogad guirt, magh. Seimugud
dono for taophomnaibh 7 is rempa do-ecaip doiph.
Seimhiugud d, dhamsa, 4330
Seimiugud uatha, Phatraig.
Seimiugud b, a bheun. Seimiugud c, a cheun.
dhuitsi.
Seimiugud tini^e, a thir, Seimugud g, a gkrad, a oghda.
Seimugud ar gutaibh J is rempu do-ecaiph doibh. Pidh
dano tinfed ar gach taoboumna in/sa Gaidilcc.
Boccad b cetaviws amal ata Bhatraig, ar as uath bogas in 4335
b fil and ar ni bi p lasin nGaid//c. Seimugud uathd; amal
Gaidilc 7 seimiugud

for gnt/iaigiph [J Eg.]

is

ata a Vh^Xraig

A\r\pdad

dad
as

ar cia beith uath and,

o rodipad)

(-i-

a fhind, a

f,

do

fhir, in

is

seime ina

[a] n-aill.

immorro -i- a shail airdip-i- in taobomna do hxicht

sail

f[h]eudha

raith, ut est [amc?/

no Eg.

taopoumnaiph amal fidha

07U.] cin^^us

sie fidhau.

Iss

domiter frisna 4340

ed

rop<t/ c//<?rt

and acht uath baidhius in f^rn, conidh airdip/<'?/ fil and.

Seimugud immorro amal ata a fher -i- ni tt as air ec
ni b
i-

lancumang

uath 7

ind.

[Ar

at e teora fuillti in Uiraicepto

Huath cetumus. 4345

Ni ansa.

forsail J airnin Eg.]

b conngaib greim p, ar ni bi p lasin nGaid-/.

Ni ansa. Amal ata ogin Laitneoir b
cum aspiracione ponitur pro p -i- samaigther b co tinfed ar
Dicunt ali cona bi uath araon re b do [log /iV.] p
p.
Is

ed

fuillius

Caiti a deimniug/^/?

acht bi a aonur ar p, ut Presens

pro ampo

-i-

buxus pro puxus, anibou 4350

ar p,

in fuilled tdirxaise.

i-

inntib

sin

ni

b co

tinfed

amal

adberait araile.
Forsail

dono

doberat for in son dia

fattugud, ut est sroun.

Airnin
4.-2.,

^"

is

e in tres fuilled

doecam doib

.;.

inti as airec

^-'

bean

-i-

in baile

^-^ Patroic,
^'-''"

Gr. Lat.

recar a leuss da 4355

MSS.
ii.

uath-

20, 18

'''"

fidho

236

taopoumna

aimiw greim

gaip/</

/^

quert, p

JffJ

imchisin isin ogam.

is

?^^

treidhe

is

no

Is aire is teora ioxxmzcstw

ailii:

'

Cia haon

'-/

cen/;

ogaim

foilcesta in

Is iat sin

<.

and ut dicunt

coir

Eg.72iu24

in dala n-ai,

eumhnad in ogaim. [Teora

ar ni bi
i-

AURAICEPT

YBL.235/3 37

/i>.]

do

coir

\mcest2i

bog blath

fid

4.360

m?rbuan Bis ag ugdar [da imluad Eg. oin\ Geiphius

greim fedha

fcrpai

is

consain

Is

taophomna

i[s]

Caiti deochair iter indell 7 tindell

huath.'

-i-

Ni ansa.

Indell

nt imcomz/'c 7 tindell int ernedh,

Cesc,

cinntecha son
is

deochair

caiti

cinntechem oldas ^X^gitir Eupm.

Laitianda

an

oldas

bethi-luis-nion uair

fa

7 4365

Cintech[a] an aipgitir

aipgitir Grecdu.

is

cinwtech

Cinnedh a n-aip^///r Gregdo ar

Ni ansa.

oSwnedh

itir

Cint^-/som

in

Cia haonfoucal

deoig irriachta.

na ceithri hernaile an Airraicepto cin nach 4370

dethbir tomuis na tarmortcind na fedha na iocal na

gaibius ar

Ni ansa.

forgnuisi?
Lait/zVas

In focal

ogam.

for [for]fedhaibh

Is

bfedhaiph airedhaiph

-i-

7 gair suidigthi

bfoclaip gairdiph,

isna forfeudhaiph
i

sHcht

7 gairtsuidigti

Ebra,

fedaibh

suidigthe

for

fot ,n-aiccenta (236) et fot

-i-

bfoclaiph fotaiph
i

Gregda

aipgitir

is

in cethir

gair n-aigenta 437,5

Fot n-aicenta quidini

-i-

gairdi

iar

suidiugud

bfoclaip iet fecht and 7 fotaig fecht aile, ut est cain cin,

laig lig, coir cir

no amal ata feur eua a

fidh in

anma

a fhiodh airechda amal rogab

mbreth<3:/M n\med -i- 438O
cenmotha forfeuda a bfil deghafoghar na nguta.
Cesc, caiti fout ct gair inntiph?
Ni ansa. Fout
bfeudaip 7 ^ forfeudhaibh 7 g^ir
taopoumnaiph -ii

gairtshuudighti

ar

ghreus

-i-

blog-sa

x&wmaind

corus

lethaimser

is

fil

and.

thaophoumna do
011;// toucc<7c/

Ni ansa.

Neim, immorro,

fidh

Amal

airr<?^;^a^o

inonda suoin frisna da c\\VL^aid ^ X ' IHH

*'''

I-aitne

in

do chourp ind Uraicepta.

Cesc, caiti fot et gair

fedh

Asin Cin

forfedh.

7 ni

for

-''

ata
fil

fe;ir eiia,

nemh,

and.

for-

Nidat

co ndefogur
YBI.. iieua

4385

'

AURAICEPT

YBL. 236ai6
7

e glan

ua and

Gracia, ui

7ierbi

no seut

cruaidhe.

-i-

It'paid, is

an e glain

Is

Eg. 72

seudu

est,

eugad

ir

2 a

conaire, 4390

st

icca sgribend-sidhe ar a

eghad and.

teid, is aire sgript///-

Nemh

St an tenid immorro tre eughadh a sgnpend.

im
and.

M'ind,

Min

Neim

eua and.

X.3.\jnain,

sgnphend.

arb^,

dtuc//m forfedha

iphi;/

nathrach, eghad

Min immorro,

an/.

23/

33

and

beg,

'na

ip//z>/

4395

immorro, idedh aund, ar deudha ar a

isin n-aipgitir in

itir

ogaim

do fregra

-i-

do defoghur amal ata isnahip brr///aibh nemed geunmtha forfedha a bfil defougur na nguta Jr\o, J dono do
tseimugud foghair forsna feudhaibh, ar
Cruas immorro

forfeudhaibh.

nem, eua and

forfedha, ut est

couU and
dicuntur
araile

nim

in

uis^i,

no forfedhai

-i-

and

idedh

im

fourfeudha

no forfedhai

-i-

f<?rfedh?//^

fidh for fid inntib

eudha ar no-sechantais

for

idio

ed ismbert

fout, ar is

isna feudhaibh 7 fot a

fl

firfedha

-i-

airedhaiph

naom, immorro, emhan-

foirithnz^ na fedha

iscuimre foghair

no forfedha

buigi bis isna 4400

is

bfeudaibh

iat

4405

no forna

for a n-aild
no forfeuda
feudhaiph atat and for ail 7
dono it inan^a 7 na defoughair -i- in defoghar fil inntiph,
amal ata peun, 7 bein dogeuntai de mina beth defoghur 4410
i"^i

is

Cionwus on

amlaidh na forfedha.

intan isberar fer

cumair sidhe

mota
amal

Ni cotarsna inn

7 ebai a fidh in

do;/;

an

itber

in

Cia bat

fouta.

defoghar xQwmaiji inrathoighti.

in

fed,

connicc comard^d

Laitneoir

foutaiph, ut est do, si

7rl.

Is

achd aimser co leth nama anas

7 ni bi fair

iarum

anma

sin arin defoug?/r.

D aimsir dono forsin nguth^z^e

mode.
gairit

fuit

g^i"

Ceun- 4415
inntib

sircumplex four na sillabaib

acuit.four na sillabaib cuimribh,

ut cst pnx 7rlo.

Eba-i- eadhad pudhein.

u
a

uile and,

fuath

*^

-i-

tactha

Ipin
fuat

-i-

cuoill
^^'"

Oir

budein.

i-

oun;/ iar

emnaither and.

Gr. Lat.

bfir.

Emhancoll

v. 128,

22

-i-

Uilleand

emhnad

Atmberat
*-^~

-i

col

araile

eamhnoigther

4420

238

dono ebad
immorro is
ita

AURAICEPT

YBL.236a45

ipin

is

oir

ar

ar

ar fheudhaibh fotaibh atat

is

fo meuontm'o;fo

Eg. 72

no

mehontaig-

ar

is

ita

no

is

fo

b 19

uilleand

mehontatg/i

pin

coir

is

and 4425

Emhancoll dono is ar x ata fri foimdin na oca/

nGregda no Laitne do thaphairt isin Gaidilc 7 is aire
raiter emhancoll friss, ar is coll indara taoboumna fil an
X 7 is (col. /3) aire is coll roheumnad and 7 ni sail ar is
ar p.

quam

toissecha coll an ix

Connaghar dono
in

gaipius greim

fidh

greim da thaoboumna
7

fidh

in

na

fidh a ndiaigh araile

no araon
7rl.

di

no

re defogur

beithi-luis-nin

taoboumna
-i-

taopomnaibh,

-i-

zit

-i-

fidh bis araon re primfidh a ocuil

n-aontsillaib, ut est eoW, beoir, Briain,

aonfidh

focail

gach
-i-

7 u.

frecrus

da

fid

Fidh gaipius greim

tomus do
taopomna ar
i

-i-

nec uocales nec consanantes habentur:

diph
fidh.

4440

Fiodh

laphrus a eonar.

na geip greim taopomna na feudha na foucail

ut dicitur :

foucail

greim

dicitur

Fidh gaiphius greim

caiti

an fidh ghaiphius

gaiphius greim

in fidh

fidh tet a gconsanacht,

thaopoumna

an ogaim

taopoumna na fedha na
gaiphius greim taopoumna quidem -i- 4435

geiph

Is e in fidh

foucail.

4430

sail.

isin

niab?,

no fidh

Connaghar dano isin

ogaim taopomna gaiphius greim feudha 4445
7 taobomna 7 foucail, et taophomna gaiphius greim da
fidh et da taopoomna, 7 ^a taopomnai gaiphius greim
se
feudha, et taopomna gapus greim quicc fed
7
dtaopomna, 7 taopomna gaipius greim foucail, 7 taobomna
na gheiph greim taophomna na feudha na foucail. [Ni ansa 4450
an taophomna gapus greim feuda 7 taopomna
Eg?}^
Is
Et taophomna gaibhius greim da fiodh
7 foucail -i- q.
Et da thaopomna gaiphius
7 da thaoboumna -i- ngeda/.
thaophomna
gach
da
ar fidh a thomais.
-igreim fedha
Taopomna gaiphius [greim] v bfedha 7 se dtaophomna 4455
bis a

ndiaigh araile, ut diximus.

beithi-luis-nin an

*^26

na om.

^^^ gaip

AURAICEPT

YBL.236/3i9

i-

duir

greim na coic bfedh

greim da fiodh
tri

dtaophoumna,

se

^^^1

dtaopomna

bfidh 7 ceithrz

239

cia nogap/!r<7'

Taopomna gapus greim

da thaopomna.

2b3

Ni machtnadh intan gaphus

n-ait dinin disail.

Eg. 72

a n-inad

sail

-i-

for[s]ail.

taobomna congaib
Taopomna gaphus greim focail
Taopomna na geibh greim taopomna na
forpaidi.
taobomna die dtogaiph h cend conad
fedha na focail
-i-

4460

greim

-i-

marbh do

no uath budein.

raith,

Cest, cis

deach dochuisin

lir

dialt,regcomrac, iarcomrac,

Deach

claidemnus, bricht.
dialt

dagh

is

di

diultad

gcomraicz'/

comarc

i-

da

in

comarc
ata

fo lais

na

lama

W\ed

an

duir;/

gach

-i-

alt

da

Claonre

leith de.

ar

i-

an coss cona luibnib

an dara leth

diib.

7 a

no

tri

i-

Claidemnus

na

luis

-i^

claidemnus,

hocht

Bricht

i^

\)xighx.d.r

ocht sillaba

bfiiid

-i-

brigh

and

cenmota

7 consain agin Laitneoir.

-i-

fillti

-i-

no 4475

cudr?/wa di
-i-

Luipencoussach

meoir

in

manus

claid'///

mbriathar and

briathar

lam

-i-

claon indara re

lamh, 7 claidem na laime in slin/ean, ar

dialt

iarsin 4470

re

fis

-i-

aile.

coic

-i-

toisseacha.

tsillabrt:/^

-i-

is

gach ndeighenach

filis

ar in leith

re

comraigit

iar

^Wed

-i-

(no)

-i-

-i-

iar

-i-

Dialt

regcomrac

leisin mbfilid, uair is

do

seissedh

umann

int alt iachtarach

cebe dibmus

tsillaib di

and

largcomrac

fillis

-i-

Daglifuach

sreth.

is

alt

in (tres) sillab forsna

-i-

baile

tsillaib

focal intan

-i-

focal invenitjir.

-i-

bfuil

tanaise.

int alt

Feiles

nnach

co

comrac

iarsin

fuach

daghfuach

regcomrac, dib fuigther intan

intan
fo

maith

-i-

houcht

claonre, \uipenchoussac/i, 4465

feiles,
-i-

Ni ansa.

is

he

vianus 4480

in sechtmrtaT

hoc//t

no bricht
a

traig in
i-

i^

brigh

iarsanni

taobomna agin

Aenfid a ndialt, a do a 4485

recomarc, a

tri a n-iarcomarc, a cethair a heilius, a cuig

daenre^
a
a
se a luipencoussach, a secht a clouidemnas

^^ nogabad
"'''

dibfrse

*^7
cf.

142

YBL. da
brithor'

with/f/.

de/.

.-

tres sut>. lin.

240

AURAICEPT

YBL. 236/342

Eg.72 2b38

a hocht a mbricht, ceinmta taobhomna andsein

ainm airme a

e int

Is

da.fto.

taWa in trefogur a nd-aonndialt.

Is aire sin ni

no a

tri

ceuthir,

It

na 4490

iat

hanmanda uird airme priinus, secundus, tersius : a tress

i- anmanda uird airme iar bproiss, 7 anmanda uird airme
immorro iar n-aigned.
amal rogabh a tri no a
sechta

Caiti

Intan

and

Is si sin in

ochta

in

dialt co gceill

Ni

cotarsanai

bfeuda

iss

luga

ri^.

ipin ar defougar, ata

pin ar p, conid
Caiti

bunad

moam

-i-

de,

sloindedh

ceilli

haonfid.

Cid

co

defoughar ind

is

sin 4.500

Cidh fodera

in

secht fedha 7 na

sin.

Na

guthrt'4''^b

fedha fregra dona defograiph tuc

ansa. 4495

secht n-alta

it

Ni ansa.

hixWiucht aile?

ag fregra dona cuig

ig

-i-

defougar

na coig feudha

iar

ctumus

Grugda

la

and

is

lagat

isini is fer, ni

Ni

and a n-us

litri

dei

Rosaig

(237)

timarda iarww eba

chena.

cuig

lughamh

n-us

aowHt//'

comhlaine.

o chouitibh.

fuillter

Uraicepto?

ind

ocht ndialta a mbricht

is

-i-

dethber airme anforbhthe

nach

cuig, ar

ea

oi

cuig fedha

t//c

na x feudha, 4505

emhancoull ar x no ar &mvad, ata

x samlaidh.

lar n-Uir/recht

Muimn?>

so.

7 in^/e et airbert, coitchend 7 diles, ruidles

Ni ansa. Bunad quidem

Defuach a inde, ut 4510
on is deach us Grecuin nonien.
diximus.
A airbert -i- troig o dialt go bricht, ut
7 indles isin bfoucal is

An

prodiximus.
lasin

bfilidh,

Pes

dixit :

enumeratio

airmideta

derbh na

Laitneoir.
troigi

ut Doiiatus

cert[a]

temporum
conad

deach?

troigh lasin Laitneoir

\-

ita

sillab

is

et

sillabarum

et

an chous

in

troig

et

na n-aimser icon 4515

Ata dono airmideta derpta a

^sxWcEbaig

deach a ainm

est

-i-

sll<3'<^

houcht \.XQW(Ebaig

-i-

ceithri

a se dec

emnaiti 7 txox'gid et aimsir agan Gaidel o dialt go bricht

di araile isin Gaidilcc, conidh
i- sillab forbes cech deach dip

tallot

*='

MSS.

fuills

'^

na secht

AURAICEPT

YBL.237ai6

Eg. 73

24I

a i8

a hocht samlaidh a mbricht conid airmideta deurph sin 4520

o ha.onts'\azd conicce a houcht.

Ocht s'iUaa (-i- minabdis ecsamla)

mo

pfoc?// is

isin

isin Gaidilcc, ut est fianam//echaradharrti 7 inrocomrairc-

nigsiomairwe

rodolpset 'vMd na

YQ>zail doilphdi so

Jrlo.

yWt
tf^i,^{

Gaidhilcci et na Laitne a n-agaid araile dia mbreith re 4525

Teoj'a sillaba

sechtu.

mo

isin bfoc/// is

isin

Laitin,

tit

est teinerifficabiletudinetatibus.

Cesc, cia roich dialt a

meut ogus a

Rosouich a laighet co haonfiodh

comlaine
forcin/ 7

ioncul

7 is
i

inis

Chairtend

-i-

so, ?//

'j/

Cholaim

Luachra
Mac Da Cerda

riud, ut dixit

Dam

congair

Ni ansa.

-i-

a sleibhe

amal ata A' Chuisi

Cille,

Sliab

laighet

ag sloin^edh cheille

-i-

anmana'a

-i-

o 4530

7
7

A'

sain-

sleibhi

iter

da

a,

Fongluaisi glaodh gulp<2da,

Is waXXach int

La
(i-

tricha segh

(-i-

os) lurganda,

dialt co ceill andsin, coic Htri is

Rosoich dano

4535

arganda

mo

do,

lit[ir]

is

luga).

co a cuicc a mt, ut est flesg 7 triosg, brisg,

sgailp, tracht, et bricht

-i-

epaid, et bracht

-i-

iit

est:

4540

Conberbtar brachta

[A Eg.\ n-ebron bru,

Feisi gan lachta

Nac^

fuor tnu

(-i-

teine).

Ni airm////^r h isna foclaib deighenchu, ar ni lit/r fiadha 4545

non est litera seut nota
amal adbert in Laitneoir
:

spiracione

-i-

Tinfed

not xid.

chor as do

nochin

is

he meud

^'^ dian

i^*^-*

cf.

-i-

laiget
i.

litir
-i-

acht ata conid

neimtniugw^

-i-

dialt 'iarujn imatormrtz"^ fria araile

a.on ocail.

Laws

uath conidh

tinugud fedha

Gach

raith.

cocumaong cech

fuil

Deich co houcht

[i]

mbricht 4550

cecha Gaidilci o dialt conna n-

140, 47: Stokes' Crit. p. 24: Conttib. suh conberbaim

^^^'''

airmend

242

AURAICEPT

YBL. 237a36

athgap/7diplnaiph
iarna tinol deach.

-i-

masgoul,

mbricht a mbit ocht

:

is

e,

is

i,

is

neotor lasin

(eimi'u,

bPeraib Bolg

uin^si, oun^ar, iar

2 a 7

co gcumangar do gach dialt diph

Isin

Etargairi a n-insgib

Miled

Eg. 73

s'lal^a.

eudh, iar macaib

Laitneoir

moth, touth,

uin/se,

De Danann. Is e punad gacha Gaidilcci dialt

moth toth traoth. Madh iadsidhe is iat fein ata
bunad and, ar ni bfil nach focal Gaidilici na bud indip-sut
dano, Mod (it) gach ferda, gach feirindsgi. Toth cach
banda, gach handa indsgi.
Traoth gach neotcr, gach
neotarda, iss ed bunad gacha Gaidilci Jrlo -i- ar ni
dialt is buonadh doibsidhe ar ni bunad aonreud do budein
nuo nit dat bunadh Gaidilci indso acht it bunad cecha
ceniiiil.
Masa cen^/, caiti in cxnel dianat bunadh ? Ni
ansa. Moth -i- gach ball ferrda 7 gach cuma ferrda.
Toth
igach (col. ^) mbannda no gach bauU bannda et gach
cuma bannda oulchena. Traoth<^/-i- gach neutrdai -i- gach
(no nacli) nectorde -i- gach cumai neimnecht(?rda -i- gach
cuma neimecuscdai no dano is bunad gacha Gaidilcci
dialt acht mouth touth traoth.
Iss ed is moam Jem cheuna
ciasa bunad Gaidilgi is bunad ceinil
no dono ni dat
dialta it/r amal ata moudh mo a odh -i- in ceol is mo ina
in ceol is luga amal rogaph ant aidhpsi a nDruim Cheutai
no mo a fedh a n-airdi intan is tourand no caint. Toth
itai a oudh an ceol mbec a n-athfheugadh an ceoil is
mo -i- cronan no certan no toth taoi a edh no a oudh
la

4555

traoth<'?7,

Tuaith

acht

4560

4565

4570

4575

intan

is

ronaile

fem/;/
tai

is

na

ni traothait

cornairecht

no
et

tai a
is

edh intan

isliu qiiani

ciuil isli

no troeth

na

-i-

''"''

*'"^

treith
banindsci
lus^hai

^'*-

\'BL.

feman

Toth

n-aill.

ardai

-i-

ni

bun

fria

is

feugad

^*^ cach
^''^^

-i-

ar a-

sdocairecht no 4580

quavi ani aile

eudh no a odh

"'5'**

fouta ron-cluine no

traothaig, traotus intan

fo bith is caile 7 is cxuaidJA

traoth

ciuil

is

traoth

cruit
:

feimin

cumma

femin

is

ferrdai

no
-i-

AURAICEPT

YBL. 237/316

no dono moth

masguol

ferrda et

bannda

Dieinbri uirilis et

naturalis J

toth

troeth

binJ^e

-i-

nadat

mina

7 ni a'ter uathaib acht

for

Grecdu

ocail

is tai et

intan
is isliu

is

ball

Nomen

a Laitin ata

mot

for

neoch

moth

7 tot

Ismberat araile comdis 4590

Toth

-i-

Troeth

n-aill.

Ni ansa.

odh intan

tai

traotha doiph.

is

Is e

so tra a chumair

gacha Gaidilci

dialt

he do

amal roghaph mot

ents'laib

ndialt tugait-sidhe

gach

ndialt, ar

-i-

is

he bunad 4595

is

o regcomarc co bricht 7 ni bunad

sunda

is

tr3iOhaid

-i-

in dias aile intan is stocairacht fo bith is airde a faidh

aire

dochuaidh

is

tot traoth 7

is

ar

gach

aire rothogait-sidhe sech

menma

comdis regcomrac,

friu

ar fogabar a chondaiU ut dixinms.

Domiter

uadh

alta

an airchetail

halta

fri

n-indsge, sic domiter

domiter

fri

fri

4600

halta daine

duine amal
fri

gach

toimsigter alta

toimsigtir

n-indsge.

Ni ansa.

gach n-indsge?

-i-

Corab cach da

corab gach da regcomrac frisgara

aingeal
Iss

lebhar

daing^;/,

ed a cupaid intan

comhde[ch]

-i-

in

is

tarmfortcind.

{ozlu sin ar aird sech

focal

-i-

dialt

tuas 4605

cis,

mouine.

imfr-^rra

gach ndialt archena?

dialta, J ni c&nelach dialt[a]

gach

araile, ut est

Cidh ara

dus-fug-sidhe, ar ata tuigsi c\nacJi

cidhad

tis

remhar, duine

comfid

fri

Cesc, cindus

fr/sgara araile, ut est dair 7 cair, tiar 7 ciar,

luas

4585

nomen membri

et

deimhniugud?

cruit.

c/uam

anmanda

cias

issin

nderntrt'r

Caiti

--

dialta, ar ni failit o

traoth.

for

ciuil.

243

itbeir in Laitneoir

nomen meimbri mulieris

7 is aire

anmand aidhmz'
Moth mo a odh

touth 7 traoth

amal

7 neot?;'

at

is

deismerecht dip

73ib6

Eg.

Is aire

and

archena

is

na
eimh 4610

dtugs//;//

(no
?ita

inntib),

andsin.

dono cia madh iadsum adberdis ar aird suond,

Is bunadh an dialt do
ar ni bunad in reut do huhin.
fein
sechtair.
gach Gaidilc uadh
Ni bunad immorro e 4615
Ni

dialt

*^
*xto

failt-,

^air

mona

^'^- ^
**'"*

recomarc

dialta arata

*'*^"
!

condail

ar a ctnd

'*''

fri

cach indsci

AURAICEPT

YBL.237/3 46

244
(no

bunad Gaidilge

Gaidiige, ar ni dialt itzV he 7 ni

bunadh

73ibx

Ismberat araile comad aire na budh

do budein.

iat)

Eg.

aroile acht dialt.

gne

e [v Egi]

It

in berla thobaigi

teipide

-i-

i-

berla

Feine J fasoighe (238) 7 iarmberla 7 beurla n-etarsgarta 4620

7 berla {ortcide na bfiled tresinn aigillzV gach diph araile.
Berla Feine tra

ag Feinius ar
Fasaigh

Feinechus no araile berla robui

in

-i-

leith.

oghai na bfiled

fis

-i-

no na lurga fuach
fresna, sechna fira

forsna

-l
7rl.

na

muirwi

i-

rum, ballorb

-i-

miruine

do iarmberla
acht, et

7 is

do

gidhed chena,

Is aire raiter

mac Nema

arrainic

fa
iter

ar

Gne

hautein

n-aill

ouccus, 4630

-i-

ara cruaidh/ amal

No

iarmberla

lar

deoigh 7 n fedtar a thaithmech.

na fedhaibh airedhaibh -i- berla 4635

deiliugud na bfiodh n-airedha isinn aonfouc^r/

est (ros) re os intan is ros coiUe.

Ros -i- raidh as intan is

marbhusge forsa mbi ros
luas

filidechta occa

ballorb.

tra, 7

thaithmech.

na n-indaithmech, ut

tria

na

7 atat, cesc, cislir, cair, cisne, catiat.

heidir a

Berla n-etarsgarta
triasa bfil

ainm

iarmberla de ara secucht

uair ni

iaran<a^,

cdSaidi?,

ierum, 7 dono, 7

-i-

lermberla dono cuic

7rlo.

ball d'frp^

-i-

firfurtacht

fona, isna, tresna, 4625

diailt n-eterleime, u est e,

es, et, in, co, tre, tar, re, fo, fair

(no coic)

dliged

-i-

f<?roiph,

ros uis^i
-i-

a tighe fasas.

no rohos intan

roas intan

Berla

is

f?rtc/^i

ros lin

na

-i-

bfiled

ford[or]chaidhe amal ismbert in filidh a sgoil Feiniusa

etaill

-i-

etaill

aro 7

inis, etaill

is

ar a

uassal 7 ar a 'imrum

-i-

4640

-i-

-i-

afam d'iomraw go risuw an inis uasal -i- Eire 7 amal

rogabh 'san Imagallaim in Da Suadh no in Da TudiVad:
ni

Brimow smitrach

i-

smit ovrach

{
-i-

brigh briathar 7

briatharda donidis na
^6 fasaid

^"

fordorcaidhe

-"^^i

mon

cleas

sm&trac/ 4645

{ourrach neich o smit a cluaisi

filid fo

^^

aicille

^^^ an

-i-

cleas

daigin ecxxaig go bfourrgitis

rofhas

do taradh

^^'^

tighi fhasas

^^^'^

egnaidh

AURAICEPT

YBL. 238a23

nech

rach

coiged gne in

ba berla fo leth

-i-

ainm in cleasa sin.

gnathberla fogn do chach. Ismberat 4650
forrach smit ai

rigi,

comad he

araile

245

b 31

smot a chluaisi do ta.rramg-: no sm'idrac/i

tria

smit cluas
Is e in

Eg. 73

in berla

(?)

Feine fasoighe na

co na

bfiled, 7

eiU'r.

Alt go bfeiser cia halt dona secht n-altaib uad

i[n]

-i-

nath, in anair, in laid, in anamain, in strad, in sainemain,

dian dona dianaiph.

in

tslointer
fidh

Laidh

hiar.

lapus

-i-

anaor anair

-i-

moulad

no

-i-

laid

do

fo

rith

rith

-i-

Dian

romaind.

seut

iar

-i-

dion no dian

ono sechd primaistibh imach

is

dona

ni

dea.chat foricfa 7

dialt a forbai

-i-

bairdne ar na rob
aisdi

in;^?sgi

an a 4660

sd raid no

-i-

cosin

apo/ an

-i-

lethranjf

-i-

di fo 'mltad

O sin

oile.

anond

-i-

o deach adrimtar

ios

4665

-i-

uathaip ata ainmneach<3'/

is

duain J regcomrac a

rain<3?e in

iarcomarc

bforduain,

orpai'

cech

is

saine a maine risna aistib

-i-

connach cutroma a hai reisna haistibh

doip

no onni

Anomam

Setrud

cuibdius

cin

Sainemain

aor

reith.

somaine reisna haistibh roimpi.

ndeighwach.

is

no

-i-

aon a

-i-

suad no leth fedh fedh co

-i-

leith intan is luipencosach

sd

Nath

a n-aor no an-air

no luater intan

laitzV

-i-

o deachaibh 4655

is

na rob indsge cumusgai.

ar

alta

in</sge

-i-

anond

ssen

casbairdne

[a

Eg:]

cumusgcdhai ar na rab prois amal 4670

na ndaorbard.

Lorga fuach -i- lourga focul arusc reire -i- amal biti
lamhaip daoine iga n-imfouWw^ o port do port

lorga

arna dtaoth-

(col.

andso lorga

biti

d'foucu/:

foc/^/

iugud

satis ina lighe,

a ngeiniph

lorga fuach

desilIZ'^ach

Cormac

/3)

biti

iter

na

-i-

da

bfiled

^''*'

ig

lorga foucu/

comuaim

iwach
is

remtsuid-

focul,

u/

/rlo.

59 labhus

*66i

haistib, set

^'^

^"^

llgiu

-i- molad
cumusgc YBL.

it

fousugud o 4675
i-

Im ba sesach im ba seng
>

samlaid (imth)

est

246

n-eterleime

dialt

dixit

II t

AURAICEPT

YBL. 238^5

Cia

'Cia'

'lound' 7

iter

dono lorga fuach

piaM
'

iar gcuairt 7rlo.

leth

an dialt n-etarleime.

'

dialt n-etarleime isin rand,

'

Ita

im

ba'

he in lorga fuach 7 in 'ba' in dialt n-etarleime.

4685
Fertot a tealgud nae -i- a tealgud duine, ar is nae

is

rnne, ut dicitur .' Dia nda;ad nai for

duine for

in

iarum

uisgi.

Tt

ailiter.

doleici
fai

-i-

in

Teit

fair.

doleigi

aphainrt',

don

sis

Arfaomsi eutach imat o neoch

gnimach son

briathar

dia ndimad

-i-

duine ceusadh

in

donn

uoch (no och)

briathrtr cesta
fris,

tir

ed isbeir-sim dano fertom

Iss

ssuidi.

dolleici

tir,

fothrugud

dia

bruach isinn
i

74iai5

da chomuaim, 4680

aontsillab iter

-i-

leith co

Eg,

duine iarum

don hruach sis

ainm don foghar

isinn
sin

Fertot ara cheile

'mds'm.

gnim

-i-

dam,

ferde

-i-

fairsium o nach aile

fuotrugud don

dia

aile 469)

Tot

uisgi.

dogni an tom\d

uisgi,

in

ol

tot,

frisin

tond 4695

duine,

ua buo bo, go ged an anmanda fcr-machta do soun

do foghar in geinemnai rohainmnigter.

tot
i-

Aurland dano ainm

fonn gai,

is

hirIon</aip-si

tri

irlanfa ferindsgi 7

Laitneoir.

Se

-i-

ceithri

tsi/

is

fir.

is

banindsgi

Se, dai,

he an

-i-

fer,

tri,

da

e,

da

is

no

airisider

Is are

-i-

di mnai, teora

andsin

hic, hec, hog, lasin

tri

-i-

fir,

Inanda immorro irlanda ferindsge

imach.

gach indsge
It

urlanda ferindsge indsin.

fher, tri

nach sint^r sech a

teora, ceitheora urlanda banindsgi andsin

di

ed.

is

deiminsgi

ceithri
i-

bs

imtha samlaidh arsisiodhar an 4700

indsge dona deich n-airlondaib-si

dona

duph

In adharc

d'airell in gai.

di arsisider in gai,

mna, ceitheoram

is

-i-

ceithri

ceithr/.
i -i-

-i-

4705

banindsge

is si

Si, da,

in bean,

ceitheora mna.

he 7 atat immorro irlanda q?//cenda iter ferindsge 7 4710

banindsge indsin. Is ed immorro irlanda deimindsge, ut
dicitur iss ed in ceund fir; herlond ferindsgi dano
It

^^ don

abaind

AURAICEPT

YBL. 238^33

Eg. 74

aontaghius deimin<^sge a n-urlan^aibh

ut

247

da nem,

-i-

no urland indsge -i- remslon/z^^ in

da fher
banindsge no ferindsge no deimindsge urlanda 4715
airell
airslin;^^;^ -i- ainm bis a^rin/ ria '&Xxtmen an gai
dicitur

indsgi
i-

ilair

2ai2

-i-

xdiu

-i-

iarial

-i-

iar bis, ar

gan

ar ni bi erlan^/

masgal

cethair, -i-.da

feim;

di

i-

nemtor

iter

masgal

7 feimin

Gne

iarlain<^.

n-aill

ilor

hec,

hoc

neutor o cethair imach, ut

mna, v anmando occu

tri,

est

iter
fir,

4725

aroile indsln.

xx a reim

Cuig flUte
go

na

hogfegait

gne

saorda

og

XX

(239)

n-i;?adh

budhein

dilis

xx

[7

na

anmon<^rt;

iat

a n-ilor

tri

a secht a ndeilb

et togarto,

a n-uathad

fir

fillti

i^

hai

Ni

nai dib a ndeilb ain;;me<a'a 7 ainseda, 7 a

a ndeilb geinit//

foxlada

Caite

diph do coma

ai

a cuig.

i-

uama na

lid re

olchena.

asamberat cach
ansa.

na

(ri rei;;;

(-i^

fillti)

fir,

na

7 a tri

n-uathad

na

fer,

togarto
:

fer,

ed sedhait ac eimniugud

cin

fillti

ainmniugad a n-airemh,

na fuach

fir,

ina v

filliud

xx pro

ata andso

segait ut dixit

A-

fer

ainmniugud,

fir

a selpad, ar fer a

do

fior

in

diall

a dhan;/ad, a

YBL.
YBL.

^"''

iliair

*"-'

neuotur

4-3i

yiargin

^^-^i

twminaiuus

(iatiuus

(i-

fer)

(! fir) !

('i-

do

uocaliuus

(!

i-

fir

Eg\

fior)

'i-

VBL. doYBL. illegible

tobarta

ainmneachadh)
i[

Fer a

a foxal, co

ainmneachadh

inand 7 a tobarta)
inand 7 a geni//7)

4735

a fiur a aitrebh, 4740

sealbad

acusatiu\u'\s {A- inand 7 a

ofilatiuus (!

feugait an^si;;
sis.

^"^-^^

cethair

genitiuus

-s^

aircill,

a togairm, o

fir

na

focla

i^

4730

Cuig

a n-ilor.

fira

reimmgiud an anmo do

tri

XX ta V fhegait na fih'd. Is edh reidhe inde cach anma 7

XX gne olchena. Tre brectr^'/ ciall remsuighther friu no
is

4720

do

-i-

no ercro erlapra

freisHgi foghair

de

Si, di, tri,ceitheora

hic,

da,

Se,

CoiUend immorro doib

ilar.

in gai, is

urland indsge andsin,

iter uath<7/ 7 ilar

uathad
7

ainm cro

is

Is e

uathadh

iter

do

rs

deredh.

airsisiod?;- in gai fo

foxia
togairna

i^

ainsed

fir

248

AURAICEPT

YBL. 239CII2

asgnam, an

fer a incousg,

a inotacht

fer

Eg. 74

is

ainmnechrt^, og fer a uirmiud, for fer a fortad,

2a3

inand

fer a

fri

freisHgi do, o fior a (oxa/ [ digbail, la fer a thaophda, iar

bf(?r

a tiarmoirecht

inand 7 a inatacht, im

is

bfer a tormac/i

frisin

tregdad, dar

ainmniugud,

fer

tairrsge.

fo fer a {outhuc/

remudh, ar

re feur a

inand

is

-i-

fer

ciall

na delpa-sai fon gcuma cetnai

a tuar;/^gbail,

fir

-i-

-i-

inotachta uathaid,

fir

a n-ainmniugud, 4750

a incosg, na fer a selpad, dona

fir

it

4745

Feughthar dono a

fer a fresgabail.

n-ilar

tuarusgbail

Is

na

fer a timcell,

dhan^zadh, tre fer a

a-

feraibh a danad, uair a.'m?/miugud ag ainmnechrt'^f, geinitz'/

ag

selpad,

sequentibus

idedh no

mberar
ata a

iphin and o

Is aire

fillt;7/

cin

and

alt

iit

est

co

da

in

iter

is-

and ina reim, idhedh and (amal)

fiur, sc

in sequentibus.

ar ni

fer,

cach Eg7\ mbaile a marand

isna

e a guta, dialt 4755

an;/;a,

didiu na hairim eubhai ina reim cia dobeith

aroih'ph and,
[in

faicsin,

tselpad no ina reimh intan

ipfin in

ar bit a ndis

fir,

fir,

eba a fidh an

fer didiu

ag

a'ms/d

t'mnlocud,

foxla ag dibail no ag fagail, s/c u

gair;//,

Son aonconngbalach

deach.

s'laid

ag

tobart/z//

togar;(Tn ag

bfil

n- 4760

nama

acht reim ceille

n-ainmniugud

in fd bis a

tsios.

Idedh immorro no

iphin

bis

inntib

cach baile na

maran/, conid aire sin itmberar idheth no iphin, a fidh ina 4765

reim no ina tselpad.

Dinin

disail

a ioxhaid

orsai/ 7 dinin disail.

bfocal

no defidh

aiccent lasin Laitneoir.

Airnin arding defid

nemhfidh, acht

-i-

Forsail for fout feudhair

forbaid.

fota

i-

docuisin lasin nGaidel

teora forbaidi

at e

no

forsail

-i-

sail

(no

ail)

-i-

fair

is

airnin

-i-

-i-

Ar
7

deredh na

taobomna

no

is

4770

tairgither fair conit

-i-

aimser sech an

qumair.

Dinin

disail ar gair geip//

Airnin arding defidh

*'^-

YBL.

-i-

-i-

dered

repeats asgn;im

gaib// fair con/^/gairit.

na {oca/ no defidh
^'

MSS.

dib-

-i-

4775

AURAICEPT

YBL. 23939"

nemfidh, acht
feghair

fot

cend, glend

Dinin

taobhomna

/rl.

gair

6d

or

orsal

ar

disail

sgriptar na forbaidhe so uasa

tendrt:^, ar ni

fri

249

orsail for

arding defid

est

tt

aa, ut cst slogh, sron.

ut

geibz^,

forbad

is

2a35

est

ler,

fer,

gach

Intan sgripthar ainm ogaim,

timorta olchena.

no

no

Arnin

tairgither.

-i-

Eg. 74

and 4780

is

rellugud fuit no cuimre

fri

chena; uair amal itber

X.vXc'itis

in

Laitneoir acuit for na sXWaba cuimbr^, ut est pax, bac, 7

sircumplex for na sillaba foutaibh, ut est res, sic dober an

Gaidel

na

forsail 7 for

aoneipTt

cwxmxib, ut est

\sail forsna

dini;z

lm

fotaib, ut cst

iLfoclach

amal

hacuit

la

fear,

^)

4785

graif ar gach

bis

sircumplex,

la

(col.

bis

sic

airnin araon re forsail 7 re dinin disail, ut est cend, sroll

Airnin

7rl.

nion

eirnzV/

-i-

no

airni/^

nin sgriphthar ag incosg na forbaidhe

coitchend da gach
airnin

nin

-i-

iter

litir

ar

fair,

rohaircc^^ in forbaid

is

feudha

(Is)

tornes duir

Forsail

i-

sail

no

forsail

forsail sech in

Dinin
sail

sech

disail

-i-

forfuill?^

disail, ar is

in
sail

is

for fot feghair

is

tiumort^^ 4795

an foucail conid fouda

and connach nion cownacJi

di fo diultad

no dinin

duir

fil

disail disin difuillm^

ar tus a ndinin disail 7

nion ar airnnin, ar
sgribhthar

Ail

isai/

fidh,

\-

is

nin

fil

fa

sail ar forsail, ar is sail

ut alii dicunt
ni

i-

ni

haimsir fota no diail

nin.
-i-

acht

ed eim, ar gen go
memfidh YB1,.

is

nemforail
i

-i-

ar
in

nemh-

-i-

aire sgribthar

and, uel

qumair.

V>\mn

Disail

-i-

ni

nemhfhuill/W.

suoun^/ in oucul

YBL.

aire

is

medhon

forb<^?/V/.

dtoimsigt//'/' iar

^'W din/;iii

is

deoigh and
fil

aimser iur^W sech

Cesc, in ar tomus tuccait

^~''

ar

fair,

Ismbeurat araile as aire sgriphthar duir a ndinin 4800

fuillW.

Iss

no

qumair.

i-

duir

is

is

is

nin ainm 4790

he nin cettaopomna riam

sin.

sinedh n-aimsire doforne s amal

no

ar

fair,

taophoumna

sgript[h]ar ag incosg na forbaidi sin, ar

forsail.

nion

i-

sin, ar is

*'

is

feur?

n-aiccned, toimfota

no

gin

4805

250

AURAICEPT

YBL.239i3i7

Eg.

74ib23

sighther iar saordat^//, ar atcout<r alt saorda and

Atmberat

fefr/ar a chouwail.

dobsrta sound acht ar deo[c]hair

fot n-a.'igm'd J gair suidhighti

i-

Fot suighighti

fer.

amal ata

alt

airc-^et^z'/

-i-

Gne
fillti

fedha

iter

forfeudha

a bforfedhaib, amal ata

n-aiccm'd a bfedaibh airedhaibh,

7 gair

co bfeisser cia halt dona secht n-altaib an

go

4815

bfeisair i[n] nath, in anuir 7rlo.

do

n-ail

ferind.sge 7

a reim

fichit

-i-

na budh ar tomhus 4810

araile

do banindsge andsou.

Cuicc

a cuig go hoghfheughait na fihd a

-i-

bfillzW re uama na hai 7 fich' gne saordu ono in xx

gne saorda sin. Cesc, caitiet a n-aradnai foraib o mberar
gach ai dip cum a dhilis fein ? Berat eicc^ uair delpm/ 4820
Iss

filltechz.

ed a lion

conid se samlaid
a

tri

n-iolar

saordai sin

is

-i-

fer,

na

-i-

a n-uathad, 7 a

tri

og

fir,

na

feur,

deimin eim

is

fir,
fir,

na

tri

a n-ilar,

n-uathadh

tri

An xx

fiora,

he so a n-aradhnrt/.

x dibh a forgnuis aiwuneda

ains^/a,

gne

do

aon diph a 4825

forg[n]uis geinit// J toghartra'rt', J a secht a ndeilph

thobartha J foxlaidae, in da fill/^ dec dibh tieghait a
bforgnuiss aim/ineda J ainseda.
It e andso ind anmanda
i-

ar fer a aircioll, go fer a

asgnamh,

fer a tsechmall, for fer a fourtadh,

feur a inoutacht, sech

fri

feur a freislige, iar 4830

bfer a tiarmoracht, im fer a timceall, da[r] feur a thairrsgi,

frisin bfer a

thormach, tre

usgbail, ut dixit in

file

tregdadh,

fer a

fer a tuar-

is

da

Is iat so in

Utec/

dec,

(Dar) lemsa nocha lanbr^f,

48-35

Tiagait a bforgnuis feudha,

A'mfuneda ocus ainseda.

Na

secht

bfillti,

7 o^Xada
^^"^
"'*^'
****'

**-^

i-

immorro, tiaghait a bforgnuis

a aitreuph, og

fior

fior

atcotar

condail

uamai, saordai

firai

^*-^J

YBL.

geinitil 7

airchell

togartodh
^'^^

n-aradhn-

^' toborta, tegait

nocha, \\kh punc/.

del.

thobart^/?

a fuirm'^, fo

fior

^>i
a llin
^a aimnedai

^^
>

n-anmondo

fiiir

AURAICEPT

YBL.239^4i

do

fouth^/,

thiarmoirac/i,

danadh, do

fir

fri

fir

a dghpail, iar

fir

2$!

Eg.74 2ai6

a fhresgabail, ria

fir

a 4840

a reimnwg^d,

fir

u poeta

Is iat so

na secht

fiUt,

Nit ernaile adhmillti,

Tiagait a ngnuisibh glana,

4845

Tobharta ocus foxladha.

hon^Wtech immorro
ut dixit in

file

teit

a forgnuis toghorta 7 geinitli,

In fer a tusdighe tiar tsoir

Do

4850

tsealpad, do togharta//^,

Ogus doib araon ni ricc

Gus mad int aon don fichit

(240),

gne saerda con a n-aradhnaib corraib

forra /rlo.
Fer 'xdiu, ebadh a fiod, idedh no iphin ina
reim no na tsealpad, no is idhedh ina tsealpad 7 ina 4855
thogairm, ipin ina togart<7/</ 7 ina foxlaid. Eba immorro
Is iat sin in fiche

Cidh

a fidh ina ain^unid J ina n-aini-/<^ar chena.

ini is ipin

and (?) -i- guthai-e inna comaccoinal frisna guthoighibh oile.

Cinwus didiu a radh comad ipin fiodh in a^^ma is fir, ar
Ni ansa eim, qumusg nobeith 4860
is ididh glan fil and?
and

-i-

inin isail a forbaid ina tsealpad

a fidh ina reimim

dLnninid

idhedha

sis

no

ata, ar is

don fir,
dono int

ar

-i-

-i-

is

isb^r

ipin

in

7 iphin

fir,

reim gach

on

tuiss'/

suond,

ar

is

o idhedh doinsgain ip[h]in.

Caiti dilius feudha a bfeudhaibh, 7 dilius feuda a bfidh, 7 4865

dilis fid

bfedaibh?

Dilis fedha

7 iacht?/

gacha mairb ach

ogaim
amal ata

dilis

is

hi cetlabra

fedho

secip fid ina sgripthar.

bfedhaib

-i-

in fidh is

and

foghar

toisech,

ar

a
bi

defoghar

n[i]

dono

fidh

dilis in forfidh

an

i-

gach

bfedoibh cetumus

riasna ceithri guth^^aibh oiliph, ar

-i-

-i-

is

Dilis fidh a
is

hairmither

ed

is dilis

in

foghar

deighenach.
'^^''

^*-'*

:i

adanadh YBL.

fid

^^*-'

aidhmiUte

oiredha, oiredha with

iiunc. del.,

^^^'

no

geinitli written out

ispin

YBL.

*'*"'''

**"*

coraibforra
oxal-

4870

252

AURAICEPT

YBL.240al7
Alt go bfeisser

bprimda na

go bfesor an

-i-

cumusgda

alto

o sin anounfsf

-i-

n-aisti

ts'm

anoni^

uadh
na rab
do defuachaib [-i-

inS^sgi

-i-

is

b 6

dona secht

aisti

do gne do thomhus.

filidhechta

o dedLchat' tsloinnter

is

Eg. 75

is

4875

do

deghfoclaib, E^:] tsloinnter aisti in airchetail, ar na rab

indsge cumusgda

amal dogniat na daorbaird.

-i-

Lourcca fuach

no lourgaidhe

lairge

-i-

da chomuaim

detsillaebach bis riasna

reimtsugiugrt</

ica saor^f ar

da gne 4880

[ernail E^.] -l fogair 7 claon ceille.

E buo bo

Fertout a tealccud nea.

anmanda

reir foughair.

Fertout

-i-

buo on geim nobeith

-i-

fourcaomnagair

it condall, sdip, stip.

aire

sin

rainicc

ainm don foughar, amal

int

an

Aurland indsge

do

-i-

Caiti in erland

acht aonindsge

grainde in
is

gai.

gai

[-i-

Eg^

urlond

is

he

conid

urlond

remlond

is

-i-

urlond
ilair

-i-

eum

ind

masgail

'*'*

oni.]

et

cumuscdai

-i-

[a

int

Urland

Ni ansa.

bais?

in

is

remlond
sin

Ni ansa.

irlound

int

Urlond
an

heari

Urland

nemh

remtsuigh

'**^-'

co

lar

Ni ansa.

in

gach
7

haireill.

4900

Ferurlond,
a

x\.-Mx\ondl

Aurland a ndis ind

Eg.] nou a n-iffTn.

sis

iar

is

iarlound

is

\iox\aind&

fir.

Indsge 4895

iarlond, 7 int iarlond

antan rosauoigh

feimin andso

Caiti

indsge do nach bfasand indsge

Caiti urland urlainne a n-urlaind

beunurlond, nemurlond.
[Ni ansa Eg.

ainm.

Ni ansa.

fodeisin, iarlond doteis, ar

ndeigheunrtc/,
int

is

aicc<7/?

Caiti int erlond

urland, 7 int urland

guth trom doni an 4890

in

gai

airell

indsge

-i-

-i-

toin^.

eurland saorda foghaprtr conid

in gai.

Is

do anmoim do icon Laitneoir.

stipula

for

-i-

do

Noinen de suono

ed a fogh^r ica luosgadh,

Iss

Tout d^no nonien de suono factunt

duine oga legad

do'ib

fer dotuit aund J bou comad a

gedh comad on gedh ghoutha 4885

dobir as nobeith, amal isber in Laitneoir

factuni est

E^.] go ged

[7

rangaut^r na filedha tre Qa.\a.dam

sin

Se, dha,
dib-

tri,

^*^"

Aurlanda
ceithre

forcaomnacair

Si,

4905

AURAICEPT

YBL.24oa4i
teora, ceitheora

di,

inanda insge airme o

andsin fogabar comrargai

Is

ogaib acht

iolar

Eg. 75

neuUiir

'at'r

cen

Ni ansa.

Iss

saorda a radh, J se for in duine.

Cia
immorro a radh ris iarna buain de.

ar

as

regcomarcach isna remend

i-

foucal

ar ni

is

treghdad

int indotacht
int

congeiph an aonguta greim a

ogleth andsin 7 ni certleth

na secht

haonfoucal

7 is

asgnam

asgnamh

ni bi

-i-

go

leithe,

est sliachta

/t

a aonar a n-aghaidh 4920

litrioch aile.

Cia baile in Uraicept[a] idta in

sealp<3f

saordu cin reim

acht reim reimraiti, ut est luis ailme no bethe ailme

sealpad
i

In

Cia bricht a mbit ocht bfeudha ocon

tuoin</ techtus.
bfilid

aiccenta 4910

ni bi ant aitrioph cin 4915

ni bi int inotacht cin int

Is

Ni ansa.

indotouacht

nt aitreph

in cend,

cin an treghdad, conid treghdad o tuoin/

asgnamh

et is

reimeundrtz'^^

7 is aitrioph J

bl in tregdad gan

indsge

ed

aiph gebes eungradus

(col. /3)

greim ceithri n-ernaile dona

urlrt'//<^

ind

Caiti

namd..

n-uathd

tsaorda fogbur conid aicc^n/<2?

imach.

tsin

253

b 40

do ailm

ita

isin

bethe 7

bfoghapzr comtath condsained cen

An

Ni ansa.
eutorra,

bail a

mbi ni

ria

tinfed

-i-

Cia baile

isin luis?

threothaip? 4925

ngourt gan guthaigie

est uinge.

iit

Cia baile

bfogapar

bfourp^

in fidh fourtormrtzV/^ iar

Ni ansa. In
na n-ocht sAWab isin bfoucal is briocht?
baile a mbi deufougar isinn ochtmad dialt, is fidh four- 4930
\QXV[\aigh indala fogh^r,

Cie taopoumna gapus

taopoumna
Cia taobomna

greim

et

feudha

Ni ansa. Quert.
[na] gabh
taoboumna na feudha na foucail? Ni ansa, h.
bunad ruidliusta in foucail is aipgitir? Apexedebam. 4935

et foucail?

greim
Caiti

Aipgitir,

id

aipccitir ina
legit'ra
*9os

-i-

est

copula con

comtinol

ainm tighe

a n-uatha

^^^ sliachtai

lit/r

aroile

*!'

literarum per se

cona comfialus

anmanda

n-ernailedh

' defoar

-i-

ita

in

litera oni is

aitreupus a dtraigh

' fedhai
*"^ taoibomnai

na geb

AURx^ICEPT

YBL. 240;8i9

254

maura dienad hainm Molosus

n-anman^a sin foillsigt/z?/' do

aicsin

lit/r,

amlaid

litera

'i.nccad int

reimraiti

sin

a literatura

Amal

cecha healadna.

ainm

for

litir

cach baile

on fouillsiugud

-i-

fiss

anmaim

is litzV

4940

na

faicsin

edh fouillsigius do neoch

is

conid airesin

an anman/a

tige

no

sin, is

2a24

nech adchi tegdus

/ gibe
fis

eolus do neoch

seud iarum fouillsigius

i[s]

teghduse

Eg. 75

ita

on coimilt 4945

dob^rdis arsanta forna claraib ciarta, ar inntib nosgripta

ar d^us.

Condagar bunad
indles

inde

7
di

epe ugdz/r: no eipe icon

taprt/rt four

tossach

nach inde,

ni

airbert,

on fouca/

rudlius

7it

hairpert
Aipgitir

no tosach no comad
foucail ut.
:

dano a 4950
dno -i-

7rlo.

[foc?// -dX\.\\nigte eile ar

uile

Bunad eim

dicitur :

tor.

Cach tan tiaghait na foucail

amach co ni nach ni is in^e inntib

na

coitchend 7 \\es

aipgitir

is

an

focal

sech

n-inde

no comad

anaithnz^^"^

tinscetol 4955

-i-

a n-airbert Egi\ rim dia rosuigidh

Beurla n-airperta

diles dona consainib

ruidlius

coitchend dona
do guth<^^aibh
:

a tapairt for lethgut^/^ intan legait 7 for ni as

as a

litriph

indh'us
lugai/?

4960

\7ide.

IN tiasca do fedhaibh
for

toirne

in airbert

forbaidh/^

^\taibh

deachaibh
indsgibh

7 reimeund(//; 7

eutargairip amal

roshuidhigti la ?i\eaib na sgoile ceuta robautrtir ag Feinius

^diurvsaidh ia[r] dteip^ na Gaidilci doip asna di berlaiph

Ixx co rotaissealpad do Gcel mac Angin.

Ar

is

he sin 4965

rotoXhhistar ant aonbeurla do teip^ asna hilberlaiph dona

mba
Ixx.

haiile 7

pa caine

in

gach berla dona dib berlaibh

Conid airesin doraisealpa/ do, conid de dogarar

Gaidelc

7 Gaidil.

Nel mac Feiniusa Farrsaidh dia dtar-

thar Sgouta, ingen Forain^ conid dia hainmside raiter 4970

Sguit amal adrupromar.
1939

niarai dianad, cidh be

''*''

Fer a hainmniugud uathaidh,

^'^'

ainm

coimmilt, ailiteratura

tige,

MSS.

onamaim- YBL.

fir

AURAICEPT

YBL. 240^41
a sealpad uathaid,
ilair,

do

in fer a

fior [a

fir

a ainmnech<2rt'

danodh uathaid, do

incousg uathaid, na

fir

uathaid, a fhira a thogairm

feraibh

oxal

feraiph a

asgnam

fera a sechmall

fera a tregdad

sech

ilair,

ilair,

ilair,

fo

a sea.\pad/i

danodh

ilair,

a toghairm

fir

fuirmed

uathaid,

tregdad (241) uathaid, tre

a fer a inotachta uathaigh, a fera a 4980

ema a {orUtd

tar fer a tairrsge uathaid, tar feura a tairrsgi

a fresgaprtz/ uathaid,
re'ishge uathaid,

fri

co

a sechmall uathaigh, sech

fir

a onthud VL?Xhaid/i, fo fera a fouth^

fior

og

uathaid,

asgnam

inotac/it ilair, fo fer a ortud uathaigh, for

ilair,

fir

255

o fer a foxal uathaz'd, o 4975

fer

tre fer a

ilair,

na

feroib Eg:] a

fir

co

ilair,

'ai'r,

a incosg
ilair,

oc

ilair,

fuirmed

feraib

2bi2

Eg. 75

fera a fresgapail

fri

feura a freisHge

feur a

ilair, fri

ilair, sic

ilair,

ilair, fria fir

in sequcntibiis : 4985

feron a formoulad, fer a eoud, feear a mallrugud, rer a

a

deilidin, fefriar

chendfochrus
i

diab/z'I

-i-

chon/ail,

tuois, fel a

ferfir, firin

fer

aircell

fuit,

fe

a deichned,

firr

aon, fer a lan, ser a

j-

N[i] airecor

exrid.

a \\igugad, sofer a saorugud, dofer

a daorugud, ni hairecour a urard

feurtot a te\ccud nai,

chend foch/?/

-i-

aircill

fe

fera, feraibh a urisiol,

4990

calaidh, ni hairecor a

a dichned, 7

is

iurlond

indsge.

Cend cridhe

fuolach deime

deismerecht na ndeime

no lanamna an

cind,

srephand

lanomna

7 cru

teib/^i

teib/V/i in

suil

fir

fiacrt//:

in

It

fir.

sin

isna reimendoibh

lanamna

in

4995

cride

in {\i\aiug, luorga 7 tragha?V/:

lanamna in chind, suil 7 {^ecail.

Gene dano na lanomna ndeime abratchor 7 maula,
bun<7/ 7 leithet, geine na fiacla
geine na sula
tanaig- 5000
ec/tt et dath -i- ban no glas, geine int [sjreupaind
tighe
:

et

dath beos

-i-

ruaidhe 7 deirge gene in cru

gene na traigeudh

tor\d 1 lith,

croicend 7 feithe, gene na lurgaw

lethor et toun^, geine na traigedh.

^*-

YBL.

fo fiora

no

256

AURAICEPT

YBL. 24ia2i

Araile dono

Ar

at

a 7

na lanomna deime a fuoirpdai. 5005

e geine

it

geine docuisnet

tri

Eg. 76

forcometa 7 gen

ge^ie

-i-

Gen forcoimta cetumus

frithchometa 7 gen decomhta.

amal rogap faircle for glun.

Imtha samlaid is fair anuas ginither forsail is focetoir
Gen decomta 5010
geinither as do belaiph i fiout 7 gairdi.
dini lsai/ amal rogap fuil ar dh' feo/1 agus isin feoil.
Is amlaz'd/i dono dinin dW/congaib lasin bfoucal o tousach

Gen frecometa

godeired cin urgahaz'/ cin urditeun.

amal rogab cnaim

m\\aic/z J leicne 7 cnuic 7 find 7 nahi

nat geiniter lasin dune fochetoir, uair

alta
is

fair fo

cousm2'/ius 5015

fo

is

Ni taidbeut dono

duine domit^r alta uad.

forsa dtouchrauthar

airin lasin bfoucal

mbi

airnin

deoigh ardingidh

in

foucal.

in foucal

foceutoir co

Ferdialt co sin

anuas.

In tiasca do bandialt andso siss ben, mna, do bein, na 5020

mban, dona mnaib, in mnai, ina mna, a ben, a mna, on
mnai, ona mnaib, oc mnai, og mnaib, co mnai, co mnaib,
sech mnai, sech mnaib, tre mnai, tre mnaib, im
:

mnai, for mnaibh, tar mnai, tar

mnai, im

mnaib,

mnaiph.

Benon a formoulad, bein a

for

maullrugud, ben a ao, ben a

i-

lan, ni

beanbean, gia isberat aroile

cout^/^,

beean a 5025

hairechar a diabal

nach lan cin a diabal,

ni bi

beinin a \ugugad, sobeun a saorugud, doben a daorugud.

Ni hairecar a urard

Ni hairecar a

urisil

-i-

beana

airecar

Ni hairechar a

aircealla calaith.

immorro mnaa.

benaib, bentot a telccud nae, be a 5030

-i-

aircealla

fuit,

bel

cendfochrus deirid, beund a dichned, len a chendfochrus

tuis,

be a dichned,

a deime teipidi
a

geinsidhe

[cnaim

7 uindsi a

si

srithiti

fuil

ar dh' feo/1 as

esgat

oig 7 glun

ngeinsidhe amal reimeipertmor

^"

lanomna blas 7 millsi

lanomna in g\u'in 5035
J
fuirmth^ a
a ngeinid-sidhe no it e

fair

faircli

Eg:'\ J feoil

urland indsge

sin feoil

cf.

(col. /3).

line

1822

Banndialt co
^"

tochralur

sin.

AURAICEPT

YBL. 241^1

Don

deimdialt so

761

Eg.

257

.141

sis.

Nem, nime, na nime, do nim, do nimibh,

in

nim, in

nimip, o nimh, o nimibh, oc nim, oc nimiph co nemh, 5040

co nimip, sech nem, sech neimibh, for
tre

nem,

nemh

for

neemh
nemh a

neimibh,

Nemon

nimibh, tar nem, tar nimiph.

tre

formolad, neimh

cotud,

a mallrugud, nefriam

nem

aon,

lan.

a chondail,

Ni hairecar a

na a tsaorugud, na a daorugud, na

diabal,

[a] urard,

na 5045

[a] urisiol.

Forsna, fona, esna, isna, tresna, sech na nime a lourga

fuach

o, do,

n-eitarleime
a air-

im, co,

Eg.] cell

es,

fo,

for,

fuit,

sech nime a

is

indsge.

Ni hairecar a deime

deisin

nell

sduag

ed 7
teipidi,

dialt

Ni hairecar

nel a cheundfouchrus deridh.

a deichned, nea a dich[ned],

e,

[Ni fogabar a thelga nue.

e.

Nemm

5050

oundar a urlanda
ar

is

deime

fo-

dath
neime a lanamna deime
no is he is a foirbti an gen.

7 airdi a ngeinidh-sidhe

Dialt cou sin anuas.

Finit.

Amen.

5055

TREFHOCUL
LL.

HAEC SUNT EXEMPLA PRAECEDENTIUM

LL. 37 b

H. 143

259
I

b 6

HAEC SUNT EXEMPLA PRAECEDENTIUM

I.

Can cloen

Gabiam

la seise

5085

cubdiusa.
soirche

Seotu sochraide soirthe,

Ria ndul

Gleam
i-

issin fargge

5090

ar lessu re n-aidche.

soirthe 7 aidche exempluni.

[A
hoc

i-

demi a geni-sde cen claen

\a.namn3i

ata andseo

cetus, u est in

-i-

Gabam

la sesi soirche

5095

Seotu sochraidi sorthi

Re ndul dun as is fairthi

Gleam ar les ria n-aidhchi.
Soirthi ocus aidchi

de

i-

Atat dano

n-aigidh soirthi.

cret

cloen

cuibdiusa

Cloen
cecinit

fil

hic

cloen

7
-x-

ceilli

tri

ernail for cloenadh

H. 143

mac

Fland

Claen 5100

cloen cuibdiusa.

andseo.

crtti.

and mana derntar oidche

e in cloen

is

Lonain

6.]

d'Ua

Delbna

h^U^

Tir da Locha forsiurig fotha,

Fond

fochrotha, cricha cuan,

5105

Caille cailfota, cuibrend buadach,

Barcc
2.

reil

Oan rudrach.

Mo

rohetrocht ramach ruad.

Mac Da Cherda

thipran

cecinit.'

Collamair

N cch atarodamair,
Int

5110

atarodomair

Atib cona commadair.

si scirthe L.

"^-

lonai;/ L.

~ - i
~ i 15

26o

TREFHOCUL

LL.37bi9

[Mo

tipran

Collammair

N cach atarommadair,
Int rodas-rommadair

5115

Attib conna commadair.

Mac Da Cerda
aile

dano

dixit

Desmirecht

rand-sa annuas.

in

for rudrach, ut dixit Cellach Corrach

Roscathatar

Ocus

mo

Inid

acum

mo

longa

glonna

5120

uile,

contuili

H. 143

In fer rob Moeltuile.

3.

Can

12.]

rogair.

caingen

Is

5125

Bith frisin less n-imdangen

Ocus gairm neich

'na dorus

raromus.

4.

Can rof hota.

At sund os chind

Eo

int shU'iaig

5130

find fota fo nim,

Focheird fid ngluair ngrind cloc bind

I

[Cen

Q\iQ)\uim

cill

Nill.

Mac Lonain

root, ut dixit

cloen 7 root inso

hui

nduain Delmna.

Cert

Tr da Lacha fairsiung fotha,

Fond

5135

fochrotha, cricha cuan,

Cailli caelfhota,

cuibrend buadas,

Barc rer n-oen etrocht ruamach ruadh.

Cen

rogair dano, ut dixit Liadain.

Root rogair inso

5140

Ata sund os chind

Heo

int lidh

find foda fath fo neim,

Focert find grind cloc blaith bind

Hi
5124-7 ir,

cill

Texte,

H. 143

CoIu[i]m hi NeiII.

iii.

18,

48

^^^

Delnma

L.

I.

cret

17.J

HAEC SUNT EXEMPLA PRAECEDENTIUM

LL. 37 b 27

Can dimbrig.

5.

Fer

Muman

Ind hue issind assgandfhir

Fo

cecinit

261

5145

(?)

tarrib tasbleirg tuignech,

Deoraid ama/ cech Laignech,

Maignech ama/ cech Muwnech.

[Fer

Muman

Cen dimbrig,

:mzV.

Ind uea innd ra sgaindair

z// ^.y/

5150

(?)

Fo tharraib taeblerg tuignech,

Deoradh amal cach Laignech,
Maignech amal cach Mumneach.

6. Can
fhorbrig.
Rechtgal hua
Oengusa mic Domnaill cecinit

'

H. 143

Siadail

23.I

nduan 5155

Badbn' Chuicid hl.renn

uile

Ard bara, brass bile,

Dobdi ss, ni sd chena,
Cach rg acht rig nime.

5160

[Cen forbrigh dano, / dixit Rechtgal hua Siadail

Gemts ganna

fir

SZ3^

betha

Otha Liphi gu Letha,

Nasfurfead

ol niptais ga[i]nn

5165

Digi do d^maind DomnaiU.

Desmirecht

aile

Badbr Cuicidh hErend

Art bara, bres

huili

bile,

Dobbadi sis, ni sid chena,

Cach rg acht rg nime.

7.

Can ecnairc

H. 143

26.]

5170

fri frecnairc.

A Fhlaind Locha h'nib same,

At fond flatha fine,
Gnath la Fland, lathar n-ne,
Ba

re

secha dne.

5175

262

TREFHOCUL

LL.37b

H. 143

b 34

[A [Fh]laind Acha h'nib same,

At fond flatha fr
Is gnath r Fland, lathar n-ani,

Ba

secha

dini.

H.]

Oan uathad

8.

Maelcainng hua Tolaig

Cormac

si

-i-

mac

amra

l80

fri ilar.

Lairi Lidig.

dess,

In dagda imma-radim,

Mac Culennin
Co

cetlaib

can cnach,

mora

alaind.

5185

[Cormac sin, amra legind,

D'eis in daghda norraidhim,

Mac
Co

Cuilennin, can ecnach,

cetlaibh moraib alaind.

Oengus mac Oiblen

cecinitr

Oc cungid na
Asa

31.J

5190

file

fortrn taitnem

Tir

[Cen cuibdius, ut

Can cuibdius.

9.

Co

H. 143

dixit

frithgnam
ord na caibdel.

la fige

lir

.^ngus

5195

-i-

cuingid na fele
Is a forthren taitnem,

Tuer

Co

10.

frithgnam
ord na caibdel.

la fegi

ller

H. 143

36.]

5200

Can ecenelus.

Tanic sund de muntir

Cleirchn gelbn, cin a l,

Ni fhetar csi rn
Bud messu dn oldas du.

[Cen ecenelus -i- na dertar [1. derntar]

no baninsci dferinsci, nt est:

5205

ferinsci

Tainic sund do muintir De

Clereach gelban, glan a li,
Nucu n[fh]etar ciasa run
Bad meassu dun oldas di.
^^^ L. dagdai with i crossed out
5192-5
FHre, Prol. 329-32

do baninsci,

5210
H. 143
^^^ ecuach
1. d

'^^^

H.

38.]

HAEC SUNT EXEMPLA PRAECEDENTIUM

LL. 37

263

Is

Gel

Can comfaim.

Senchae same,

cloe gaile iar crud chuile,

5215

Do[rat] feolairecht ngona

For Eoganacht

fer

Maige.

[Cen ecomuaim fidraid do beith and, ut:

Sencua Sanz,

Is e rig

Gel chlue

cruth cu

gaili

ri,

L^O

Dorat feolairecht ngona

For Eoganacht
12.

(Can anocht

cia locht

i-

i-

41.]

a nda nocht iarna diriuch

don dligiud LL. inargin.)

n-anocht
Fogonar airchetul

n-ellag, ar

sium

H. 143

fer Muigi.

is

coitchend-

5225

uile son.

[Cen anocht

i-

cen nocht and stcut

hugdair, Fogonar airchetul

Imcomarc

n-anocht,

flatha

tit

(?)

est

asberat na

FGtmn,

Macha im Mumain,

Fotait mail

5230

Torc atchiu argair gabair

Fiu Corc no Lorc no Lugaidh.
"

Argair

"

foesin.

and cen
H, 143

ni

fris

cia

rodligh co

fil

nocht and

44.]

Co ndath 7 tothucht, nt dicitur: Tlachtga na n-uath

dub a n-aerthar, brec fochanar, find mmohar, ut cos
i

5235

3/?

ganna fir betha

tha Liphe co ILetha,

Ciaptis

Nosfirfed ol niptis [gainn]

01 dige

di

dernainn Do;/niaill.

Maelruanaid ruad

imma

5240

rind

Archiiig dorair lidualaig

Is caiU tn

bo can buaraig

Yor aiU sron cherr Maelruanaid m/c Flaind.

S228-31

ir. Texte,

iii.

24 42, 49
In marg. dui ut

13,
"'^'

''''-^
.

idei

dernaiwl L.

264

TREFHOCUL

LL.37CI2

H.

1431^48

[Corraib co ndath 7 co tothucht. Att e

tri datha' na hec[se]

Find ua moltar dub uan-aerthar: 5245
comsan, ut dixit Fingen mac Flaind :

sini-find /dub/brecc.
brecc ua focarar

mad

Dosronusaa doib droing mbind bairdni

Gnim
Brecc

cen

tlaisi ni

tartatsom

briathar glesi,

duais da hesi.

ochanar, ut dixit Fngin

mac

Flaind

Daronusa doib drohg bind bairdne brethir

Gniim can tlsi nistartsatsum duas dar esi.

H.]

:
5250

glei[si]

Nislen ecnach ond oes chetlach cruth roncuala

ar hdla acht na tucsatsum duas for duana.

Ar

i-

Tothocht dano -i- am^/beit a bsa, corop amlaid moltair

molad laich do laech 7 molad clerich do c\i\Qxech.

5255

[Tothucht dano -i- beit a mbesa, corob amlaid moltar

cach -i- moladh laich for laich, molad cleirigh for clerech,
molad mna for mnai. Moladh laich do laech, ut dixit Urard

mac

Coisi

Crithir crithes crothas cuan

Riches rochas corc buan

5260

Ua rig Lemna leotha cend

Bres B^rba buiUe dilend.
Molad

clerigh for clerech

Tuthal dluim do deirc

Hua

Huasal escop

for

dil

5265

Insi Fail

Comarba cathrach

Molad mna

De

Chonaill mic Amirgin

Ciarain.

mnai

Ciall cruth cen^l cen chairi

5270

Gaes gart genus co ndruin cland,

Compert cen grain gaili
Atat

5247. 8. 5250-3

ic d/>7^bail uili.

Arch. C. P.

iii.

296, 44, 5

3-'5.3

/^_

7-^,./^^ ;;;_

30, 19

121, 31

HAEC SUNT EXEMPLA PRAECEDENTIUM

LL. 37

H. 143

c 18

Sechta
Is

ed a

gu

as

cona thomus

-i-

ind focail as guthas.

a thuisel.

Is

deachaibh.
7

Is

baninsci

n-indsci.

Is

he

ed as deach a

ed a

insci

na teora

in

cetna fidh 5275

Is

ed a reim

traig.

Is

ed a

etargaire

Corraib and, a formoladh,

alt int

cach da dealt

insci docoisnet

ed

Is

-i-

iversd).

int alt bis etir

deminsci.

fidh

fri

ed a forbaid a aicent
7 ni

alt airchetail

tomster Goedelg, fidh 7 insci 7 etargaire.

frs

fid

265
I

dixit

tit

-i-

Mac

ziTia

ferinsci

dehgud 5280
Lonain.

Feron a formolod.
Cenn o lochaib do lindol
Co clothaib, chi nadh gandon,
Techt for eocho cind crichi,
Maith bethu bithi annon.

5285

chotut, ut Fer

Muman

H.]

dixit

Goth gruce golfad breice

Beth crche crich co ndorthor,
lar mbeithsiu sasb a thigthol

Taistel Milcon mic

[A
Fer

cotot

Muman

(-i-

timorcain

dixit so sis

fri

5290

Onchon.

aicnead no

cind) dano, ut

Goth gruice gulfad mbreice

Bseth criche crich iar torthor
lar mbeith sund

s^b

5295

a thiugthol

Taistel Milcon mic Oncon.

H. 143

a.

7.]

mallrugud, ut Cormac cecinit do Inis Cin:

Nech nobiad bliadain lin
I

taig aiged Indsi Cain,

Rabad glebn a nab

Oc dul dar sliab Sion

[A mal[l]rugud dano
Nech nobiad
Yor

-i-

fri

5300

sir.

haicnead

-i-

bliadain lain

aigcd Inse Cain,

ainglaidi a min

cuit

Robad

5305

Ic dul tar sliab Sioin sair.

''''''

\iit quidain :
a rad co mall,

docoiscet

H. 143 2 a
528.;-6

rc.

xx. 150

10.]

266

TREFHOCUL

LL. 37C23

delidin litterda, ut dixit

Glainidir gol co

H. 143

2 a 13

amson
5310

Si dian sosad silochta

Snc'

Inse

Catli?/^" cir.

Mac Lnin

delidin siUabacda, ut

mac

bi

[A

dixit:

cleib caindlech

n-ainm aimi

Saer sert cach

delidin,

iit

dixit

bi

mac

gossa fer

Mac Lenin

Fergossa.

(-i-)

5-315

H.]

cleib caindlec sersit c?Lch.

Cormac dona Cnoib Segsa

chondail.

^d Ailig

ollchathach,

Aiisius deir lidianim \S!oach

As goam

diabul

5320

giHdir gsi Locha Len.

A'gur gur
1

iar cin beith

pin pin, n sid sid,

Amal cch cch

co brth brth

5325

In cach thrth thrth cid scth scth.

A lugugud,

ut

Mo

Y\and mac Lonain

chara-sa Cnmine

Car aslach n-Eile n-achtach,

Bid flid frim Dmine,

5330

Cia dom-fhacced ct marcach.

A oen,

ut Clothna

mac Oengusa

dixit

Imchomarc roruad rogda

D'fhir imdch soshluag sadha,

iath

na trenfher tigba,

U'aim do threnfher glegel gabla {inargin

doerugud, Mac legind

fri

gilla rig

5335

triadi).

Resad :

Ar corrucan cumraide,
OUurgbail ar liglanbaile,
Nis-fuar caem a chomdile,

Ciaso drer
52

cf.

RC.

XX. 144, 27-8

5*-*

is

5340

dagduine.

Goed? 158
1. Caras ath

5327)

/;-.

Texte,

ii.

63

HAEC SUNT EXEMPLA PRAECEDENTIUM

LL. 37

267

40

urard

:-

Frim gruad corcra

ma

chora,

Dom-ruacht bochta {om-hera.

Ni chehm,

uair

cara,

it

5345

Feib atberim atbera.

A irsel,

in

ben side

cecinit:

mbhadna

Secht

lna o noc[h]t

/T

/f

rn:

^'^0

/v

Fotgluasfither on oenphort,

Feraib mnaaib mairg rsbi

Im

A lorgga

cathach Cualiigi.

Cormac

fuach.
In tocb

For

Dond

mo

5350

cecinit issin tririg

churchan car

in n-ocian n-ucht-lethan n-n

In rag, a R richid

As mo

ril,

thoil fin ar in sl

5355

.-'

Im ba sessach, im ba serig,
Im ba fressach, torgib drorig,
A D in curigene fri;m,

th

oc techt for lind lond

Lorgga fuach

Qter da iocul

i-

sal 7

sessach

'wi ba, is

5360

lorga iuach.

A dealt

n-etarlime

-i-

remshuidigud

da chomfhuaim fhidraid, ut
Ced

Im b
Im b

toesig

-i-

mo

bachlach cress,

im ba

fo thaid,

5365

siar, n sail,

im ba

fo dess.

i-

ced eter dered ind raind

5370

recht as gleo

rrig

cin

ba beo

bert

fogn
SErthot slantot cech

*352-6 cf.

^lt.

eter

tossach ind raind tan[aisi].

A thelgud noe
Orddan na

sair,

desmerecht andsin

lond

leth co brth iar cuaird chross

Coslafe

Is in

enshillrt/<^^

ideiu in eodein:

sa tathot rota rodat.

Ir. Dichtung, p.

^^'>

1.

tisat.

tressach,

cf.

940

268

TREFHOCUL

LL.37C56

urachil calaidi

Cen cob delb alaind mo drech

Nimth a chleith ceil na guth

dam

Deithbir

Uair nach

(LL. 38 a)

Colum
Bid

ma

dath

chruth

rochiguir.

-i-

airichil fuit.

nom-b

Cille cin

mo

mo

cid diuir

rochiur

5375

d can da co

5380

fei[rc].

Fri cach hguas ge radat

No

mohir mit

mo

de[i]rc.

Cendfochrus.
Fegsat fihd Fail

Fenchas co

Mad

5385

fus

feig la Fergus,

mal cach maige immach

tar

Dorscib dinib Dubthach.

Dia a

ri.

[A dichned.]
Dal rodalus, ba mor

A mmo
Cach

Chomdiu,

riibi

bui

[a r] ru ra

A
La mac

Lias.

di s'lai)

(-i-

5390

in bes,

Druim

Issinn arus os

dichned

(-i-

ba bas

littri)

ni thias.

dechned.

neit fadb corcra,

fir

5395

Teit daig demin ni tercdu,

[Forruim] tenn co cruind ochtga,

Gnath cend

crub

Con Echtga.

Cellach cemind inmain fer

.

mac

febra

A
Is

eise.

rg rigi tuir la

demi

5385.S

Rc XX,
Amra

5395-8

5400

as dilid

dam

Jf^

thepidi.

h daig derg dige dath

.

gaidther ca

chainem cruth

5390-3

152
C.C. (Stokes' Goed.'^ 158
53<j7
denn L.
RC. XX. 150

fifotr.

5405

/n marg. a
:

RC.

de;;/i

xx. 144)
3-103-5

cf.

<^tfi-^

q{ Aiiraicept

HAEC SUNT EXEMPLA PRAECEDENTIUM

A lanamna
indsci
cechiit

no banindsci do thabairt

Is

he a bna

lass

sein sith

A genis
Is

is

ri

demi.
isin

ndemi

fri

silbad rig co.

de.

ut quidam

fuair

gruad gland ama/

Quidam

he mac milis ne

iss
fri

269

tar

grt'in
.

5410

dixit

cach triath

mcain imchess caich

fath a finchruib ar fuach.

5415

DE DUILIB FEDA
BB. 305

LL. 38

10

/3

|8

Incipit do, L. De, duilib feda na forfid, L. fored, lasiw

Is aen, L. oen, dialt

fiHd, L. la filidaib,
is

a do

timargain, L. d

fri

Corus

fedat

forfid

^d

^fe

iar

uird na

^^

f'r/ed,

(i-

is

,.

mna), L. bran,

B., 7 bai

baill,

L. hetir,

>X->

it

bair

(-i-

fored

fegait

fuid,

5420

^;

ar aen, L. oen,

7 bairt

etis B.) bail

7 baile,

bairc, L. bairg,

We-

(-i-

suid B.) 7 brai 7 brais 7 braiwd 5425

(-i-

ingen), L. bairi, bairen^/, 7 ba

L. bair, 7 baile

it

emuncholla nosb^wan/,
Beoil [7 heoii

uile 7rl.

L. ?w.] 7 beoir, 7 gleoir L.

-^.

ebaid, L.

tria

^^

L. id emanchuill nodabenadar,

eo 7 ceo

'

ri

- .

ata L. om. L. da emancoll,

L. baire

Ca

L.

eo -^^, aire

firthar do, L. d,

uair

filz^,

righe, L. rigi,

fri

timmargain.

ri

Beid

>^-,

oni., 7 treoir, i[t]

7 teid 7 reid 7, sgleit L. om.,

5430

L. geid, 7 seid, L. 7 gleid, dead 7 scead, L. stead, 7 treat,

L. tread,

^X"

it

nodusb^/^adar, L. nodabenadar,

uile.

Liag, L. lian, 7 Brian 7 grian, L. 7 trian, 7 triall 7 srian

7 cliar, L. 7 riar 7 mian 7 tiar 7 miad, fin, L. ifin, a

feda

5435

uile.

Feoil

fian,

-)f>;
fiad,

-i-

L.

fiag,

-^,
L.

-i-

fian,

fia,

L.

1^;

-i-

"V"

feo,

270

feoil,

-i-

L.

feaigh,

nodusb^^adar,

L.

nodabenadar,

uile.

L.

feagh,

-i-

"5"',

fial,

etis over bail B.

L.

corr.

-X-'

DE DULIB FEDA

BB. 305^21

Buidle

-^.

Buaid
L.

focul,

cruan

feoil),

fuam

L.

oin.)

L.

fida, uile.

muis,

Cual

is

muir)

L.

Ocus

mi

7 cai 7

noer

L.

gabud),

is

muir) nuall

duan

"

v^ "

(-i-

")-0-, suad

fid,

boaid 5445

is

L.

Di

boairig,

ri

gabad), L.

-^

muag

(-i-

buar

">-0-,

nodambentar

med), L.
s

uile.

ci 5450

adds dabenadar

(i-

err,

(-i-

L. 7 boilban,

ovi.

L.

(-i-

mulenn,

(-i-

boairech,

L.

-0-, nuar

is,

is

^^,

-0-,

is

duar

-i-

7 lai 7 gnai, L.

~^^, muad

maid

[L. om.

mai

mual

coich

nodusb-wdai,

7 gni,

7 li

yj^'

L.

airemh ard, da 5440

ceol, L. coel, is

^J^"

oir,

is

-0-,

L.

rai

Nasr,

boir,

^^;

da,

trefocul)

(-i-

B.), guit, L. cuitti,

~5^,

is

L.

it,

muir, L. dilend

(-i-

(-i-

arem, L.

eblud B.) boar 7 boa, boilglan,

banefes
is

druaid

L. muilend) fuar

(i-

7 buidlen

(i- dall B.)

271

ll. 38/321

uile.

suad

(-i-

"^^

is,

"^

druad 7 suad

nodus-b';/tar].

^^fj^

Lanchumang

firfedaib,

L.

forfedaib, L. fhorfhedaibh, fegthair

dede
L.

file,

forfhedaib,

cumang

do thaebomnaib.

n-aen, L. n-oen, ata-boing, L.-bong, tui teachtaid

fad, L. fath,

L. eter, in

immorro
^nsxWaib

da

fid

nad

fubai.

aireghda

in bail[e L.]

l in bail[e L.]

L. in da fhorid

[i-

^^

Is

L.

in

Is,

L. in,

cumang 546O

da guttai, L. gutta,

toc/zradar, L. tochdar,
om.'].

fili,

e in lanchumang, teid,

coimfrec/Vi'.

mbit

Tit

isin

forfid

OGAM
BB. 308

/3

amser 7 persu 7 fath airic in oga7? Ni 5465

Loc do Hibernia insola quam nos Scoti habitamus.

Caide

loc 7

ansa.
I

44

n-aimsir Brese mic Elathan rig Erenn dofrith.

do Ogma mac Elathan mic

ar Bres 7
SLndsen.
is

Delb^zV^ d^rbrathair

Persu

do Bres,

Ogma 7 Delb^M tri mic Elathan mic Dlhc^it/i

Ogma didiu, fer roeolach a mberla 7 a filidecht,
Cuis

e rainic int oga.m.

co mhet/i in bescna-sa

derbad a intlechta

5470

lucht in eo]ais fo leth, sech lucht

na buicnechta. Can as fuair ainm iar su;/d

ogam, J caide mathair 7 athair in ogaim, J cia

na tirdachta
7 ret int

ic

airic (309)

cetainm roscribad

tri

ogam,

J cia fid in roscribad, J cuis ar 5475

roscribad, J cia dia roscribad, J cid ara remtet bethi ria cach,

uoluuntur omnid).

(Aic

Ogam
iar ret,

fiHd

Ogma

suo inuentore primo ria sun; quidem

immorro, ogwm og-uaim

forsin

filideacht

Gaidelg icna ^Xedaib

trid,

ar

is

og-uaim, dob^rait na
fri

fedaib

toi;;/sit//^/-

athair ogai;;/ Og;;/a, mat/tair

lm no scia Ogma.
Is e so immorro in cetna ni roscribad

tri

5480

ogam

ogam,>Tmm

do bmth robaid do Lug mac

a mna na ru[c]tha uada hi 5485
dala
im
Etlenw roscrib^/
Berthar
n-aenhlesc do bethi
sidaib i- secht mbethi
i
fo secht do hen uait i sid no a erand ali m<a:;ns-co;;/eta

i-

in

beithi roscribad, J

5165-9

O'D. Gr.

"" Margin
272

xxviii.

note e

^^'^

suwd

'^^^ arris

vvritten out

B.

(=

sun)

OGHAM
What

are the place, tme, person, and cause of the inven-

tion of the

Ogham ?

Not

hafd.

king

Elatha

Ogma

Ogma

and

skilled in

speech and

The cause

of

person

Its

Now Ogma,

got

the

well

Ogham.
and

Whence

the

according to sound and matter,

who

of rustics

name

its

poetry, invented

in

of

sons

man

should belong to the learned apart, to

that this speech

Ogham

three

invention, as a proof of his ingenuity,

its

exclusion

the

Delbaeth are

Elatha son of Delbaeth there.

the

invented.

vvas

it

son of Elatha son of Delbaeth brother to Bres,

Bres,

for

Ireland

of

place Hibernia insiila

Its

In the time of Bres son of

quavi nos Scoti habitamus.

and herdsmen.

Ogham, what

are the father and the mother of the

is

the

was written by Ogham, in- what letter it

was written, the reason why it was written, by whom
every letter, Jiic
it was written, and why t) precedes
first

name

that

Hobiuntur oninia.

Ogham
its

from

sound, qtiidem

Ogma

suo inventore privio in respect to

according to matter, however, ogum

og-uaini^ perfect alliteration,

poetry by means of

by the poets
of

Ogham

is

for

by

letters Gaelic

Ogham

the hand or knife of

This moreover

Ogham,

it,

the father of

-^TnT

is

jTj

the

i-^-

first

measured

the mother

thing that was written by

(the birch)

respecting his wife lest she should

Thy

is

Ogma,
Ogma.
is

b was

convey a warning to Lug son of Ethliu

him

is

which the poets applied to

it

and to

was written
away from

be carried

into faeryland, to wit, seven b's in

wife will be seven times

written,

one switch of birch

carried

away from thee

into faeryland or into another country, unless birch guard

273

c.

274

BB. 309 a

V,

uath a
Cis

fedha,

cetus

ogavn

fogla

lir

lir

J caiteat

ar

Ni ansa.

muin a v, ailme [a] v, forfeda

aicme ogaim? Ni ansa. A iii
v,

viii

bethi,

is

iiii

mbethi

ogam.

ro-cetscribrt/

Cis

immorro remitet

aire

Is

het/il.

OGAM

15

n-athaigh,

fidlosa.

viii

bethe 5490

olcena.
viii

-i-

n-airigh

Ocht n-airigh
Ocht

(ernn, dur, coll, muin, gort, straif, onn, or.

n-athaig

bethi, luis,

-i-

chuit a feda
Qiiot

is athaz'g-

Ar

5495

feda fidlosa olchena.

genera

sunt

nin, huath, tlnne, quert.

sail,

Ni

ogaiml

\n

CL,

ansa.

et

et potestates secundum ordinem nuntiabimus,

asnedim primus do fedaibh na cranw o tuctha an;//an/
for fedhaibh \n ogaim secundum alios et alios nomin- 5500

figuras eorum

Cesc,

antur.

t-&ho7nna \n
is

asin -ainmni[g]ter

can

mas?<^,

ogaim}

Secundum

Ni ansa.

alios

feda

quidein

na filideachta rofaid
fhoglaim na mberla. Bai xxv ba

o scoil Y&niusd. arsaidh

-i-

scol

Fenius fon domun d'

huaish'u di[b] conid iat a n-anman-saide tuctha for bethi- 5505

ogdHm et^r feda

luis-nin \n

tsebomna;

7 bai cethrur

ba

huaisli dibh-side iterum, conid iat a n-an;;/anw-side tuctha

forna

vii

aire[g]daib

fedaib

7 rotuillset triur eli friu,

tri

forfeda

Secundum

conad

aile,

r,4w

53*-

ar ach
550G

cetna

Ifl ITtt

ItlXO

conid uaidib-side ainmnigter na

aire deglait<?r ar leth

na

alios is o fedaib

fedaibh \n ogaim
cailli forsin

^H^

trin-troip.
fid ior set

na

caille

Beithi

lg^'"'^ 5510

'

tuctha an;;/an;z for

immorro o bethi na

aipgitri in ogaim.

Luis

-i-

umha V B. mui 7 B.
Maigin. Molgalraig i ach no uch ar emuncoll ar gabar emuncoll
'""^

no uch
Pq,, cethrur

/.

morshesser,

vii

confused

d'fhodlaim B.

iL'ith iiii

OGHAM
On

her.

they

are
five,

divsions o

Not

Four

hard.

five,

five,

five,

besides diphthongs.

How many

Ogham

groups of

Not

Three,

hard.

eight chieftain trees, eight peasant trees, and eight

viz.,

shrub

Eight chieftain trees

trees.

quicken

first

alder, oak, hazel,

Eight peasant

vine, ivy, sloe, furze, heath.

As

takes pre-

birch,

b,

Ogham was first written.

Ogham are there, and what

in birch that

it is

How many

moreover,

account,

that

cedence, for

275

trees, viz., birch,

willow, ash, whitethorn, whin,

tree,

apple

tree.

to their letters all other shrubs are peasant trees.

CL^

et

genera

sunt

Qo

nuniabimus.

Ogham ?

the

primum

of the

names have been put

secundum

alios et alios

Not

secimdum

potestates

et

speak

shall

the trees whence

letters,

of

eoruin

figuras

for

nominantur.

hard.

ordinem

woods

the

of

Ogham

Query, well

whence are the Ogham vowels and consonants

named ? Not hard. Secundum alios quidem, it is from

then,

the

school

Fenius

of

of poetry which

Farsaidh,

to

wit,

the

school

Fenius sent throughout the world to

There were

and twenty that

names that were
put for the Bethe Luis Nin of the Ogham, both
vowels and consonants
and there were four who were
the noblest of these again, so that it is their names that
learn the languages.

were noblest of them so that

is

it

five

their

were given to the seven principal vowels

>>i

and they

added

these are

named

^^

"'rT"-

TnmTn

ntxo

other three

to

the other three

are classified

apart.

them

so

that

from

diphthongs, wherefore

Secundum

alios

it

is

from the trees of the forest that names were given to the

Ogham

letters metaphorically.

Moreover

the birch of the forest for the

first letter

Ogham

that

alphabet.

Luis,

1,

is,

beitJie, b, is

from

on the path of the

elm

in

the forests.

276

OGAM

BB. 309 a 38

lemh sin isna cailltib. Fern -i- fearn sin isin caill. Sail
Nin 'm ogaim -i- 5515
i ogahn [ sail dono sin isin caiU.
Uath 'm ogaim
giol garmna no nenaid isna feadaib.
'm ogaim dair
Dur
insin.
cran/ fir no sce ar a delgaighe
dono isin caill. Tinne in ogaim -i- quulen^ no trom isin
Quert in ogaim
caill.
Coll 'm ogaim -i- coll isin caill.
quulen/ isin

Gort

midiu.

On

isin caill.
i-

Ida

eu.

U'iWeann

De

-i-

Ebad

ibhar.

-i-

fuath

-i-

coll

dar

ifin

ar

foltchain

tuc

Oir

elenaf.

coU emnaide

Moraiwd mic Mhai

beithi

^)

(col.

sen

isin

iar

feorus.

-i-

isin caill,

alios

ainm

in

no

iar

ret

5525

fen

uadsan

bethi, 7 tucad

isin

at

for fidh 'm

Feocus

an/so.

briatharog?;;/,

Moran/ uaidh

ogaiw is iat gabus greim feda

Feocus foltchain ar son bethi, ar
in

Edad

draighen.

dano secundiwi

-i-

5520

coll ina fuath.

Briatharogzw

mz.x\d

Emancoll dono

sin.

-i-

Pin in ogaim, pin dano

atbertar caera pin;^^

feda

-i-

Ur

-i-

Straif saildrong

gilcach.

-i-

aiten no mnius.

edlen/.

-i-

Getal

gius.

-i-

Muin

no cairthen^ no crithach.

caill

for

an-

uair

fedaib

'm

5530

briatharog?;//.

sin

da egosc

ogaim rogab ainm

uad.

Li sula

-i-

luis sin

Airinach Fian
ndergi ar aenrian

''^

Anec.

iii.

-i-

no

43

-i-

5535

in luisiu.

sciath
air is

ar

ien\

aigiseom

sin

in fern adb/^r in sceith

^^

Origg.

xvii. 9,

93

ar

tucad

OGHAM
Fern^
that

that

f,

alder in the forest.

s,

is,

willovv,

Ogham,

to wit,

account of
again,

its

the

in

again,

maw

Nm,

the forest

in

that

is,

Bur,

thorniness.

Tinne,

forest.

Ogham

, of the

of the

t,

Ogham,
of the

Coll, c,

ho]]y in the forest, or quiclcen tree, or aspen.

to wit,

mead [from

forest.

Onn,

thorn.

Edad,

Ebad, ea, to

o,

to

Uilleann, ui, to

Ida,

Pin,

i,

is

vine,
fir.

to

wit,

to wit, service tree.

Ogham,

of the

io,

pine,

Hence are named caera pinne, goose-

again secunduni alios

ifin,

Muin,

Oir, oi, to wit, spindie tree.

elecampane.

again, in the forest.

berries

wit,

Ogham,

Ur, u,

or ash.

furze

wit, ivy.

oak,

willowbraUe in the

Straif, str,

to wit, yQ^N.

e,

wit,

wit,

is

Gort, cornfield, g, to wit,

it].

broom.

on

to

Ogham

Quert, q, of the

to wit, hazel in the forest.

Getal, ng, to wit,

of the

n,

test-tree or whitethorn,

ho]]y or elderberry in the forest.

m,

Ogham,

of the

Sai'/, s,

of spear, or nettles in the woods.

Ogham,

the

Ua/i, h, of

277

the

is

name

of that

Eniancoll, witch hazel, ae, again, to wit, c doubled

letter.

according to fact or according to form, to wit, c across

c in

form.

its

Word Ogham

of

Morann Mac Main

foltchain, faded trunk

in

and

Word Ogham,

the

gave of himself to the

which take the

effect

fair

Feocus

here.

hair, that is for birch, b,

Morann

because names

which

Ogham

letters,

these are they

the

Word Ogham.

of letters

in

Feocus foltcJiain for b, for these are two aspects of the

birch,

and

it

has taken a

Li

was hence put

name from

for the

Ogham

letter

which

it.

sla, delight of eye, that is luis,

quicken

tree,

1,

to

wit, the flame.

Airinach Fian,

i.e.,

shield of warrior-bands,

i.e.,

shieid

with him owing to their redness in the same

for fern,

f,

respect

or because the alder, the material of the shield

278

OGAM

BB. 309/3 6

o fernae forsin

Fian

Li n-aimbi
acht

mairb

li

-i-

Cosdad sida
sida sin.

nhi

-i-

Cosdad

Conal cuan

Ardam

uath

dossaibh

-i-

-i-

-i-

quert sin

boisceH dono
Tresi;;/
fri

-i-

sin, ar

no

elti

muin

i-

gort arba.

^''-

la

\n

airde

nech conal chon 5545

ogaim ar

coib;/zV/i'

isin caill.

chaim a fedaibh.

-i-

boscell

degas a bas.

in tan

no bosceH

-i-

MiHsiu feraib

aigs 'vn B.

uath

is

huath

re

buaiH

-i-

do

gelti

fedma

frisin

fid

fri

dur sin a dualus a feda

muin duine no daim,

anma

garmna

ginoX

coll sin ar a

-i-

an/ tic a ciall

dono

sin,

sin aniu.

aill \r\d&

Clithar mbaiscaill
is

aigiseom

sail

-i-

iat ar aenrian.

Caniu fedaib

i-

se;/

conach beo 5540

fo diultad

sida aigi sin o nin na garmna.

-i-

anma, ar uath
Tran

Airenach

n-ogaiui.

fid

Conal cuan do rad

alladh.

am

-i-

Li n-ambi dono

marb.

is

7 tugad uaidisium forsin

in

rogab ainm uaidhi.

ogaiin

fid

sciath fern sin aigz'sium.

-i-

-i-

elti

-i-

ar

-i-

basceall

CHthar

boiscell

gelt

edruma

CHthar

iat.

quert a dualus a feda.

\Q.\s-s\uin sin

gort

-i-

5550

-i-

ar sentaidh

is iat is tresi feid;;/

leis-i'i;/;;/

sin

ar

anma

ann.
aentaidh [in]

In tan {qiiuvi) bis ina fuacZfon;?,

on tiagas

*"'*

ann UTtten

oiit

'''''^

in

f)y

late

is

hand

5555

OGHAM
taken a name from
fern,

Airenach Fian,

it.

am

wit,

lifeless,

he

for denial, so that

n-ainibi^ again, to wit, that

hence

it

was put

Cosdad

sida,

maw

the

which has

letter

shield, that is

i.e.,

with him.

f,

Li n-aimbi, hue of the

is

Ogham

from ferme given to the

vvas

279

of peace

for the

sail^

Ogham

that.

beam

Li

dead.

is

willow, s with him, and

letter.

checking of peace, that

of a weaver's

is

hue of one dead, to

not living but

is

is

i.e.,

n:

ash,

nin,

is

as applied to

wood

it

a sign

checking of peace with him

is

that

from the ash of the weaver's beam.

Conal cuan, pack of wolves, to

any one

h, for a terror to

Ogham

said of the

li,

is

Ardavi
Trian,

t,

to

name,

same way.
of bushes, that

dur, oak,

is

in the forest.

another thing the meaning of that to-day.

Cainiu fedaib, fairest of trees, that

its

thorn

Conal cuan

to the affinity of the

dossaibh, highest

wood

uatJi,

is

a pack of wolves.

owing

for they are a thorn, in the

d, with respect to its

wit, that

beauty

in

Clithar mbaiscaill, shelter of a hind,

that

boscell, lunatic,

hazel,

is

owing

c,

woods.

is

i.e.,

bas-ceall,&dX\\ sense,it

a fold

is

to wit,

then his sense

him when he goes to his death. Clithar boiscell,

again, that is an apple tree or boscell, that is, hinds, to

comes

to

they are

wit,

Clithar

light.

hinds: quert, an apple tree,

boiscell,

q,

Tresim fedma, strongest of

with him,

man

i.e.,

owing

or ox, for

it is

again,

lunatics or

i.e.,

with reference to
effort,

to identity of

that

is

its letter.

muin, vine, m,

name with muin, back

they that are the strongest

of

in existcnce

as regards effort.

Milsiu feraib, sweeter than grasses, that

with him owing to the identity of the

field.

When

it is

in the blade,

grass, to wit, the cornfield.

name

\s

gort, ivy, g,

with the corn-

sweeter than any grass

Hence

for that letter in

is

that

Ogham

28o

OGAM

BB. 309 ^ 24

miUsi na gd.ck
forsin fid ut

Luth legha
coihnms

etir

in

fer

raet

ar

raet,

ar

is

ndene erg

-i-

gort arba.

in

-i-

ar

is

anma

Uad-side
5560

atura,

lasna leigib,

luth

straif \e\s-s\um sin

straif

isin

decht de.

airgit

sen

getal

dogni

-i-

ar comaentaidh in

cath 7 getal.

Tresim ruamna
iar

sin

fer

n-ogam

is

in airget ngeal

Is

de.

n-o^am.
ic

ruamna in
dianad ainm

Straif

dathadh na

conad gorm

berbthar tresin fual

Tresi;/^

ruamna

tresiu

isin or

straif

denum
mban co

ic

ia[r]

straif ar
Tugad uaid-side isin fid
straif ainm cechtar de.
anma aturu
on ruidiudh no on
Tinnem ruccae ruis sin

5565

raet.

aentaid

-i-

-i-

in

ar

is

tre

rtiis

scribthair, 7

duine

tri

sug

in lossa

ret,

dono do rad

do cuimilt

5570

Tindi rucae

faethi.

no on ruided, ar

ruis o rus

frisin

iar

riiis

ruidhiud fasas a n-aigid

is

is

tri

ruis

scribtair-side fen.

Ardam
ailm

iactadh

i-

(no a) adber

in

mactad

-i-

ailm agisium sin

duine ac iachtad

ngalc?r,

ar

is

no

ic

5575

machtad i- ag ingantugud secip raeta.

Congnawaigh Qchraide -i- onnaid in carpait -i- na roith
onn \e\s-s\u7n sin, ar is tri onn scribthar onnaid in
iTucad uad-side 5580
Aliter comguinidech -i- aiten.
carbait.
forsin fid ut dianad zXnm on ar aentaid ataru ar is ainm
onn do cechtar de 7 is on aitenw tucad int ainm is onn
;

frisin fidh

5571

n ogaim secundum

a n-aidid B.

''''''

alios.

luir o rufl- B.

''''
i

nefalair B.

OGHAM
owng

281

name between

the complete de4itity of the

to

them.

Luth

legha, a physician's strength, that

to wit, because

an

is

Tresiiu

to

strongest

him

Ogham.

fact

for

stronger,

is

become

panacea

cath,

ruauina,

with

azure,

in

the

in

for

it

broom, ng,

is

strength with the physicians, and there

between

affinity

str

is

it is

red

sloe

is

making

that

it
it

(?),

of

and

(.?)

according
the

the

silver.

that

wit,

sloe,

dyeing

for

makes

genuine

to

red,

Straif,

broom.

getal,

things

pale

silver

It is it

which

boiled through the urine into the white gold so as to

is

make it red. Tresiiu ruauiua is the sloe according to fact.

Hence it was put in the letter named str, owing to
identity of name between them, i.e., straif is the name
of each of them.

Timieui
berry,

r,

by

fact, for

rucccE,

intensest of blushes, that

ruis, elder-

is

from the reddening or shame according to

to wit,

it is

and

written,

it is

a reddening that grows

a man's face through the juice of the herb being rubbed

in

under

it.

Tiudi

rucccB,

an ingot of a blush, again, said of

the ruis, elder-berry, from

by r that

is

it is

shamc

or from reddenng, for

Ardaui iachtadh, loudest of groanings, that

ing, to wit, that

man

is,

it

itself written.

is ailui, fir, a,

with him

for

wonder-

is

it is

ailui or

says while groaning in disease, or wondering, that

marvelling at whatever circumstance.

Conguauiaid echraidc,

j^nnaid of the chariot,

furze, with

him, for

it

chariot are written,

ing,

i.e.

whin.

Hence

helper

i.e,

is

of horses,

to

wit,

the wheels, to wit, that

by

the
on7i,

onn, o, that the wheels of the

Aliter, couiguinidech, equally

it

is

was put

for that letter

wound-

whch

is

named ouu, o, owing to identity between them, for onn is

name for each of them and it is from whin that the
name onn was put for the Ogham letter secundum alios.
a

282

OGAM

BB. 309^47

Etiud midach

Tucad ua-side

cath.

-i-

Uaraib adbaib

ur aigisium sin ar

-i-

for getal.

do

is

uir in

talman

Tucad uada-side forsin

ainm uaraib adbaib.
dianad ainm ur iu ogatiu, ar aentaid anma aturu
is

.3585

fidh

ur

-i-

cechtar de, 7 tre ur scribthair.

Ergnaid
crit[h]aig

fid

is

edad (310) aigisium

-i-

don crunw

sin, ar is

ainm ergnaid fid. Tucad uada-side forsin 5590

ainm edhadh, ar is uad tucad edad

ogaiin dianad

fidh
fair.

Siniu

ainm

fedhaib

idad aigiseom sin

-i-

Tucad uad-side

siniu fedaib.

dianad ainm idad, ar

ar

is

do ibar

is

ainm

is

uad tucad

ar

is

do ibar as

forsin fid ut
int

ainm

n-ogani

idad

is

fair

5595

idad.

Snamchain fheda -i- ebad les-.yi?/;// sin, ar snamchaiw

fid
don bran mor is ainm sen. Tucad uad-side forsin
fid dianid ainm ebad in ogai;;/, ar is ainm do bratan
7 is tri ebad scribt[h]ar side am^/ aipgitir in betha -i- 5600
i-

tre seg

os), eo(-i-)tre

(-i-

Sruitem aicdi
ar aentaid in

Tutmur
elenn

ainm
is

is

anma
fid

eonasc

or iar

-i-

fil

(-i-

ret.

aturu

-i-

or

lon).

Tucad uad-side forsin

ainm cechtar de.

fid

uiWeann leis-[s]ium sin, ar is do

-iTucadh uad-sidhe forsin ogaw dianad 5605
is uadh tucad mWeann fair, ar is do eUnn

u'leann

ainm.

u'xWeann, ar

ainm.
Millsim

feda

dianid ainm pin

p'inne.

-i-

is

Tucad uad-side

uadh tucad pin no

5588
558

tj-i

feda.

is

De

forsin fid dianad

don chrun;?
atbertar caera

ainm

pin, ar

is

ifin air.

B.

aerc[h]aid fer no fid

aerchaid
5''"i

pin sin aigisium, ar

ainm millsium

sed B.

id

edath

'i'

'i'

idhadh

ind aor

i>

fefe a

tuth no fe a flesc

rolil in flesc cui

nomen

est fe

Afiec.

iii.

43

Cor.^ 606

5610

OGHAM

283

Etiud midach, robe of physcians, to

it was put or getal, broom, ng.

wit, catJi,

panacea (?).

Hence

Uaraib adbaib,

dwellings, to wit, that

in cold

fresh,

with him, for from

name

uaraib adbaib.

was put

it

Ogham, owing

to identity of

each of them

ur,

is

and

for

it

was put

for the

hence was edad,

e,

is

name

Ogham

put for

written by u.

it is

Ergnaid fid, distinguished wood,

Hence

to wit, that

for the

trembling

named

letter

Hence
yew,

i,

name

is

put for the

the fauna

i.e.,

is

it

buoyant

most

(deer),

idad,

for idad,

wood,

of

to

wit,

owing

fact.

is

the

name

for the

was woodbine put

name

is

between

is

woodbine, that

is

name for honeysuckIe. Hence

Ogham named woodbine, ui for hence
for it, for it is a name for honeysuckle.
for

it is

for

gooseberry with

is

the tree called pin

Gooseberries are hence named.

named

that

oir, oi,

for the

of each of them.

Millsevi feda, sweetest of wood, that

him, for a

it

i.e.,

was put

name

Tutinur fid uilleann, juicy wood

woodbine with him,

was put

structures,

Hence

to the identity of the

them, to wit, oir

eo by eonasc (ousel).

most venerable of

spindle tree, according to

letter

it

written by ea like the alphabet of

by stag

Sruiteni aicdi,

it

for

swimming is wood
Hence it was
is a name for the great raven.
letter named the Ogham ebad, for is a name

salmon, and

letter

Ogham named

letter in

ebad, aspen, with him, for fair

to wit, that

for

idad,

is

for service-tree.

for ibur, service-tree.

SnavicJiain feda,

that

name

is

hence the name idad was put

for

y&\\, is a

tree.

edad, aspen,

it.

for siniu fedaib

was given to that

it

aspen

is

Siniu fedaib, oldest of woods, to wit, that

vew, with him

the

name between

ur, heath, in

with him, for ergnaid fid

is

named

for the letter

them, to

wit,

tir,

the mould of the earth

iiir,

Hence

is

pin, for hence

//';/,

Hence
or

it

ifin, io,

is

niilseni

was put

was put

feda.

for the

for

it.

OGAM

^^- 310 a 19

284

Luad

saethaig

-i-

ach no uch, emancoll leis-[s]ium

emuncoll ar ach gia gabar ar

ar gabair

sin,

Finit

araill.

Briatharogam Morai;/d.

Alargin: Ab^it^r briathairogam Mic \nd 0[i]c annso 5615

sis.

Glaisium cnis
ar

beithi sin 'm ogaiin o bethi

-i-

uad tucad bethi

is

Cara ceathra

(-i-

fair

Cara

lem).

ar

is

uad tuccad

Comet
is

Bag ban
fora

dil

lasna ceathra in lem

for luis \n

-i-

ferrw in

ogaim

o fern na

sin

in lacht, ar is di doniter lestair

Lut[h] bech
uad-side ara

fid

sail sin

ara blath

coibhnesa

\n ogaiin.

-i-

ni

-i-

caiUi,

ogaim, 5620

luis fair.

lachta

coimetas

-i-

Tucad uad-side

ar a blath 7 ar canach.

na

sic in reliquis sequentibiis.

garmna

imon

a canach.

7 ar

ar

Tucad
5625

ginol garmna.

-i-

caill,

lacht.

Uad-side

nd coibnesa.

Banadh

gnuisi

anma

ar asntaid

Gres

sar

-i-

uath, ar

uamun

doberar uat[h] no

aturu fen

-i-

duine in tan

in

Uad-side for

fid \n

ogaini

uath cechtar de.

Tucad uad-side

dar.

-i-

ban gnuis

is

uimi.

5630

fora fidh coibnesa

\n ogaivi.

Smir

guail \- cuillenw sen.

nesa in ogaim

do cmWenn, ut

8615-58

cf.

Anec.

-i-

Uad-side fora fidh coib-

tinne secunduni alios

ar

is

ainm

tindi

5635

alii dicunt.

iii.

44, 7-25

Lower margin

col.

Dhia a

libair bai

^*^"

guailli B.

OGHAM
Luad
iich,

expression of a weary one,

scBhaig,

alas

that

Word-Osham

may be

it

ah

ach,

i.e.,

him, for onancoll

einancoll, ae, witli

is

taken for ach, though

Finit

285

taken for something

is

else,

of Morann.

Alphabet of word-oghams of Mac ind ic here below.

most

Glaisiuni cnis,

Ogham

birch of the

was put

birch, b,

Cara

for

silvery of skin, to wit, that

from birch of the

it

sic

the elm for

is

Hence

for the

was put

it

hence was quicken

Comet

lacJita,

alder,

f,

tree,

1,

its

Ogham

luis,

put for

quicken

are

down.

for

tree,

1,

for

it.

from alder of the

it

Cara, to wit,

bloom and

guarding of milk, to

guards the milk, for of

hence

reliquis sequentibus.

ceathra, friend of cattle, to wit, elm.

dear to the cattle

Ogham

i)i

the

is

forest, for

that

wit,

forests, for

made

the

is

it is it

that

the vessels containing

the milk.

Luth
its

cognate

Bag
beam,

of bees, to wit, that

bech, activity

bloom and

for

Ogham

maw

Hence

catkin.

is

it is

willow,

s,

for

put for the

letter.

ban, fight

le.,

its

of

women,

to wit, ash, n, of weaver's

of weaver's beam.

Hence

for its

cognate

letter,

Banadh

gnuisi, blanching of face, to wt, fear, huath, h,

when he

encompassed with
Hence for the Ogham letter owing to
fear or terror.
identity of name between the same two, to wit, uath
for blanched

is

a man's face

is

stands for each of them.

Gres

was put

sair, carpenter's

for its

Smir
for its

work, to wit, oak,

Ogham

is

Ogham

name

letter,

d.

Hence

it

letter.

guaili, fires of coal, to wit, that

cognate

for tindi

cognate

i.e.,

tinne,

t,

for holIy, ut alii dicunt.

is

holly.

Hence

secunduni alios

286

OGAM

BB. 3ioa36

Cara bloisc

Uad-side fora fidh coibnesa

[coll].

-i-

in

ogaini.

Brigh Sinnnin

Uad-side fora fidh coibnesa.

quert.

-i-

Aruusc n-arrligh

-i-

muin

Uad-side fora fidh

duine.

comainmnig[th]ech.

Mednercc,

5640

Uad

gort.

-i-

side

fora

fidh

comainm-

nigthech.

Moridrun

Tucad uad-side

straif.

'i-

fora fidh

comainm-

nightech.

Ruamna

dreach

co mbi ruidead
ruis in ogaini

sug

-i-

in rois

don ruamna na ndrech 5645

Ruamna

intib.

on ruidead no on

drech dano do rad

fri

rus, ar is tri ruis scribthar

side fen.

Tosach

fregr^:

iarna genemain

Fethim

-i-

ailm sin

ar

onn

-i-

Comainm

o.

sin, ar

cuirtir

is

frisin

fid

talman

uir in

Silad clann

inti.

o uir in talman do radh

fria

-i-

5650

no fedem

dogni silad na clann

comainm

a.

saire

Siladh clann, ur les-[s]ium

rad

cetlabra gach duine

is

dono do

n-ogaiw rogab
5655

ur cechtar de.

-i-

carat

coma.\ninnighech

-i-

edadh

Uad-side fora fidh

isin caill.

n-ogani.

Crinem feada no claidem -i- ibar. Uad-side

aile uadh -i- idadh.

forin fidh

n-ogaim, rogab ainm

Cosc lobair

ainm uad

-i-

(col. /3)

-i-

elenw for in

fid

\n

ogaim, rogab 5660

ebad.

8638,9,43 cf.

Anec.

iii.

44

'^

cowai;ingech B,

OGHAM
Cara

Hence

bloisc,

of cracking, to

friend

Ogham

cognate

for its

287
vvit,

Brigh an duine, force of the man, to

apple

Hence

tree.

Arusc

cognate

Hence

wit, queirt, q,

man's

synonymous letter.
Hence for its synonymous
ivy, g.

for its

to wit,

nercc,

c.

letter.

n-airlig, condition of slaughter, to vvit, a

back, m.

Med

for its

hazel,

coll,

letter,

letter.

Morad
Hence

it

increasing

run,

was put

Ruanma

for its

of secrets, to wit, sloe, str.

synonymous

dreach, redness of faces, to

which causes the redness of the

in

Ruanina

them.
r,

elder,

r, it is

sap of the rose

blushing

Ogham

dreach, again, said of the

for

is

ruis,

it is

by

itself written.

beginning of an answer, to

TosacJi fregra,

vvit,

faces, so that

from the blush or from the reddening,

elder,

ailni,

letter.

after his birth

wit, that is

human being

expression of every

for the first

is a.

Fethini saire, smoothest of work, or fedeni, to wit, onn^

stone,

o.

Silad clann, grovving of plants, that

him, for

it

uir,

is

ur, heath,

is

plants, again, said of the

Ogham

soil

Growing of

it.

of the earth,

is

said of the

which has taken the same name with

letter

each of them

is

it,

to

ur.

synonym for a friend, to vvit,

Hence for its synonymous Ogham

Coniainni carat,
in the forest.

vvith

the soil of the earth, that causes the

growing of the plants that are put into

wit,

aspen,

e,

letter.

Crineni feda, most withered of wood, or sword, to wit^

service tree,

taken a

i.

name

Hence

other than

for the
it,

to

Ogham

vvit,

letter,

Cosc lobair, corrective of a sick man, to

for the
it,

Ogham

letter,

which has

idad, yevv.
vvit,

woodbine

which has taken a name other than

to wit, ebad, aspen, ea.

288

OGAM

BB. 3IO/3I

L crotha

--

Uad-side fora

or.

fd

com2nmnigthech

or 'm ogaiw.

in

Cubat n-oll -i- u'leann -i- elenn.

ogaim rogab uaide -i- uilleann.

Amram

blais

Aicme huat[ha]

doth

Aicme

cron

orc

bethi

cron

s>o

(s),

pj'ius.

forglas (n)

cetoth forglam

(u),

(atr),

(q).

\eithe

(g),

indoth forglaisi

orc

(a),

orc a cru cron

Foraicmi annso

(i).

indoth

(m),

orc a cru finwi

Fororc a cru
a cru loichi

(f),

indoth cron

a cru loichi

forglaisi

(c),

indoth finni

\oichi (ng),

ailmi

(1),

loch

-i-cetothfind (h), cetoth leith^ (d), cetdoth 5670

loichi (t), cetoth

Aicme muine

5665

Uad-side forsin fidh

ifin.

Aicme

in so.

Hath

(b),

fid

pin no iphin.

i-

Mucogam
Finn

no

pin

-i-

rogab ainm uaid

Uad-side forsin

cru \eithi
(e),

in(r).

(o),

orc a cru 5675

findi (ea), fororc a cru \eithi (oi), fororc

a cru cron

(ui), fororc

(iph/;/), for[or]c

a cru

[forglaisij (cc).

Aicmi bethi

Linnogam.
B^^-ba (b),

Luimnech

Aicmi huath[a]
Catt

(c),

-i-

(str),

Aicme ailme

hon

Cusrat

Aicme muine
Strur

-i-

(1),

(h),

in so prius

Febal

(f),

Sinand

(s),

Derg

(d),

Tearc

(t),

Aru

Nid

(n).

Teith

(t),

(q).

Muinten (m), Gabal

Rigi

^Qgo

-i-

(g),

nGrian

(ng),

(r).

(a.),

5685

Eobul, Uisiu, Erbos, Indiurnn,

Dinnogam

-i-

Bruiden, Lifi, Femin, Seolae, Nemthend.

Aicme bethi
h-Ochae, Dindrigh, Temair, Cerae, Quorann.
huathz
Aicme
5690
Aicme muine Mide, Gabar, nGarmon, Streulae, Roigni.
Aicme ailme -i- i5, Ogba, Uisnech, Emain, IHu.
-i-

5668-5829

cf,

Kilkenny Archaological Journal, July 1874, pp. 212-16

OGHAM

289

Li crotha, beauty of form, to vvit, heath.

synonymous letter, to vvit, the Ogham oi.
Cubat

taken from

Hence

it,

Amrani
ijin,

great equal-length, to

?i-oll,

honeysuckle.

blais,

it,

This

is

White

Ogham

for ts

vvoodbine,

letter vvhich

it

i.e.,

has

to wit, woodbine, ui.

gooseberry.

name from

for the

vvit,

Hence

most wonderful of

Hence

taste, to

for the letter that

vvit,

pi?i or

has taken

its

to \v'.,pin or iphin, io.

Sow Ogham.
b,

grey

1,

black

This
f,

is

group

amber

s,

B prius.

blue

n.

Group H. Accompanying litter of a white (i.e. milch-)

sow h, grey d, black t, amber c, blue q.
Group M. Litter of a white sow m, grey g, black ng,
amber str, blue r.
Group A. Pig-in-pen of a vvhite sow a, grey o, black u,
amber e, blue i. Diphthong group here
Hog-in-pen of a vvhite .sovv ea, grey oi, black ui, amber
io,

blue ae.

Ogham. This is Group B prius, to wit,

Lower Shannon 1, Foyle f, Shannon s, Nith n.

River-pool
Barrovv b,

Group H. h Othain (Fahan)

Catt

c,

Cusrat

h,

Dergderg

d,

Teith

t,

q.

Group M. Muinten m, Gaval g, Graney ng, Sruthair str,

Rye r.
Group A, to vvit, Aru a, Eobul, Uissen, Erbu.s, Indiurnn.
Fortress Ogham, to vvit,
Group B. Bruden, Liffey, Femen, Seolae, Nephin.
Group H. h-Ocha, Dinn Rg, Tara, Cera, Corann,
Group M. Meath, Gabur, nGarman, Streulae, Roigne.
Group A. yE(Cualand), Odba, Usney, Navan, Islay.
T

290

OGAM

BB. 310/3 23

Rnogam
Acme bethi
Aicme uathrt
Aicme muine
Aicme ailw^

i-

besan, lachu, faelinn, segh, naescu.

hadaig, droen, truiteoc, querc.

-i-

-i-

mintan, geis, ngeigh, stmolach, rocnat.

aidhircleog, odoroscrach, uiseoc, ela,

5695

illait.

Dathogam.

Aicme bethi -i- ban, liath, flann, sodath, necht.

Aicme huatha
huath, dub, temen, cron, quiar.
Aicme muine
mbracht, gorm, nglas, srorca, ruadh.
Aicme ^.ihne: alath, odhar, usgdha, erc, irfind.
-i-

5700

-i-

Ceallogam.

Aicme

bethi

-i-

Beanchar, Liath, Fearna, Saigear, Nan-

druim.

Aicme hnaha:

Durmach,

hlrard,

Chiain 5705

Tir-da-glas,

macfu Nois, Quell dara.

Aicme muine
Mugna, Sruthair, Raithen,
Aicme ailme -i- Ard macha, /rl.
-i-

Da^nogam
Fer no

laech ar aicmi bethi

Minna (no mna) no

mna,

iii

mna,

iiii

-i-

fer,

ii

fer,

aicme

iii

fir, iiii fir,

uaths:

'^''^

Oigg.

Origg. xix. 17

xii. 7,

fir.

bean,

oglach,

ii

oglach,

iii

ii

oglaich,

oglaich, V oglaich.

^'^'

mna, v mna.

Oglach ar aicme muine

iiii

clerig ar

/rl.

''^'*^

^'

nycticorax
cf.

Maro

(.')

Origg.

Gr. pp. 7, 14

xii. 6,

/ se//.

41

5710

OGHAM
Bird

Group

Ogham,

B. besan pheasant

(?),

291

to wit,

lacJm duck, fceli^m gull, seg

hawk, m^scu snipe.

Group H.

raven

(?),

inintan titmouse,

ge'is

liadaig night

droei

wren,

truith

starling, querc hen.

Group M,

i.e.,

stnilach thrush, rcnat small

Group A.

swan, ngigh goose,

rook

(?).

aidhircleg lapwing, odoroscrach scrat

lark, ela svvan, illait eglet

(?),

uiseg

(?).

Colour Ogham.

Group

B,

hn white,

i.e.,

liatJi

grey, fianji

red,

sodatJi

fine-coloured, necJit clear.

Group H,

huatJi terrible,

i.e.,

dub black, tenien dark grey,

cron brown, quiar mouse-coloured.

Group M,

mbracJit variegated, gorni blue, 7igias green,

i.e.,

sorcJta bright, ruad/i red.

Group A. aJad
red, irfind

piebald, odJiar dun, usgdJta

resinous, erc

very white.

Church Ogham.

Group B, i.e., Bangor, Liath, Ferns, Saigear, Noendruim.

Group H, h-Irard (Cluain), Durrow, Terryglass, Clonmacnois, Kildare.

Group M,
Group A,

i.e.,
i.e.,

Mugna, Shrule, Rahen,

Armagh, etc.

Man (Human

Man

or hero for

etc.

Being) Ogham, to wit,

group B, one man, two,

three, four, five

men.

Minna

nobles (or

women)

or clerics for

woman, two, three, four, five women.

Youth for group M, one youth, two,

group H,
three,

i.e.,

four,

youths.

T 2

five

292

OGAM

BB. 310/3 39

Mac no
iiii

aicme ailme

ar

gille

mic, V mic

-i-

mic, 715

mac,

ii

mac,

^ninac ar ailme, a

ii

ar onn, a

iii

iii

ar ur, sic in reliquis.

Daenogam
cetna
Caillz^^ ar

Laechesa ar aicme bethi

-i-

ar bethi, 7 a

aicme huatha

ii

ar

iarsin imraet (no imirt)

mar

luis,

sin sis

uih'.
^"^'iS)

siniiliter.

Macdachta ar aicme muine siniiliter.

Ingena bega ar aicme ailme siniilier { oen
do ar ur.

Ogam

ar ailm,

tirda.

Aicme bethi annso

biail, loman, fidba, strathar,
Aicme huatha
huartan, dabach, tal, carr, qual.
Aicme mune machad, gat, ngend, sust, rusc.
Aicme ailme
arathar, ord, usca, epit, indeoin.
-i-

5725

nasc.

-i-

-i-

Labraidh,

Bran,

Rigogam -i/ mar sin

/rl.

tinnscanas on

do gabail ar

fid

Ogam
Glais ar aicme bethi

Soud

ar

ainm

-i-

righ 5730

in

usceach

-i-

a;nghla[i]s ar bethi, v n.

-i-

aicme huatha

uile,

in ainm.

soud,

soud,

ii

suid,

iii

iiii

suid, v

suid.

Abann

5735

aicme muine

ar

abann,

tiprait,

d^ibne, iiii

iii

tipra,

ii

iiprait,

iii

iiprait,

iiii

iiprait.

Conogam
ar

abainn,

v ^ibne.

diibne,

Tipra ar aicme ailme

Archu

ii

aicme bethi

archu

5740

-i-

[ii

archu],

iii

3.rchoin,

iiii

zrchoin, v ^rcJLOin.

Milchu

ar

aicme huatha

milchoin,

57-^

iiii

milchu,

ii

milchu,

milchoin, v milchoin.

Origg. XX.

14, r

12-13

5729

rigj^ g^

tri

OGHAM
Boy

lad

or

for

boys, to

vvit,

293

group A, one boy, two, three,

one boy for a, two for o, three

four, five
for u, sic

in reliquis.

Woman Ogham

heroines for group

cedure (or method), to

after the

for

Tb,

two

same profor

1,

thus

down.

all

Nuns

one

wit,

group

for

Maidens

for

simi/iter.

group

Girls for group

Group B

i.e.,

siiniliter.

simiHter, to wit, one for a,

for u.

Ogham.

Agricultural
here,

two

biail axe, lojnan ropc, Jidba hedge-bill,

srathar pack-saddle, nasc ring.

Group H,

i.e.,

huartan

dabach cask, tal adze, cart

waggon, cual faggot.

Group

flail,

machad

gat withe, ngend wedge, sust

rusc basket,

Group A,

i.e.,

arathar plough, ord hammer, usca heather-

brush, epit billhook, indeoin anvil.

King Ogham,
Bran,

Labraidh, etc, and so

to wit,

all,

to wit, to take for the

name, the name of the king that begins with the

letter.

Water Ogham,

to wit,

Rivulet for group B, to wit, one rivulet for b, five for

Weir

for

Well

for

n.

group H, one weir, two, three, four, five weirs.

River for group M, one river, two, three, four, five rfvers.

group A, one

well, two, three, four, five wells.

1-^og

Watch-dog
five

Ogham,

to wit,

group B, one watch-dog,

tvvo,

three, four,

watch-dogs.

Greyhound
five

for

for

group H, one greyhound,

greyhound.s.

tvvo, three, four,

294

OGAM

BB. 3iia7

Conbuachaill ar aicme muine

a

aill,

tri

conbuachaille,

conbuachaill,

ii

conbuach- 5745

conbuachaille, v conbuach-

iiii

aille.

Oirci ar aicme ailme

oirci,

oirci,

a dho

Dam

oirci,

tri

iiii

oirci.

Damogam
Tarb

oirci,

ar aicme bethi

tarb, a

5750

-i-

do

tarb, a tri tairb,

iiii

tairb,

iiii

daim,

tairb.

aicme huatha

ar

damh,

dam,

ii

iii

daim,

V daim.

Colpthach firenn ar aicme muine

a

tri

colpthacha,

iiii

Dartaid ar aicme ailme

iiii

dartaid,

lilgacha,

Gamnach

ar

dartaid, a

ii

colpthach, 5755

tri

artada,

gamnacha,

-i-

Hlgach,

ii

\Wgaig, a tri Mlgacha, 57G0

v lilgacha.

aicme huatha
iiii

gamnach,

ii

ga.mnaig,

iii

gavinacha, v gamnacJia.

Samaisc ar aicme muine

samaisc,

ii

samaisc,

iii

samaisce,

5765

samaisce, v samaisce.

Dairt ar aicme ailme,

1x\.

Caechogam
fodailter

ainm

in

duine

-i-

aicme huatha don leth

-i-

fogail in

aicme muine don leth

cli:

5770

cli.

Loscogam
iat

-i-

aicme bethi don leth des

des: aicme ailme don leth

inann

ii

arada^ v artada.

Lilgach ar aicme bethi:

iiii

colpthach,

colpthacha, v colpthacha.

Boogam
iiii

i-

anma.

Macogam
ainm na mna
-i-

ogam ban

torrach

-i-

bera lenum roime.

fodhailter

ann mani

Dia mbera, immorro, lenum,

is

e 5775

OGHAM

295

Herd's dog for group M, one herd's dog, two, three, four,
five herds' dogs.

Lapdog

group A, one lapdog, two, three,

for

four, five

lapdogs.

Ox Ogham,

to wt,

Bull for group B, one bull, two, three, four, five bulls.

Ox

for

group H, one ox, two, three,

four, five

oxen.

Bullock for group M,.one bullock, two, three, four,

five

bullocks.

Steer

group A, one

for

two, three,

steer,

four,

five

steers.

Cow Ogham,
Milch cow
five

for

to wit,

group B, one milch cow, two,

three, four,

milch cows.

Stripper for group H, one stripper, two, three, four, five

strippers.

Three-year-old heifer for group M, one

three-year-old,

two, three, four, five three-year-old heifers.

Yearling heifer

for

group A,

Blind

etc.

man Ogham,

the man's

name

is

to wit,

divided, to wit,

Group B. to the right side.

Group H. to the left side.
Group M. to the right side.
Group A. to the left side.

Lame Ogham,
they are the same,

viz.,

a division of the name.

Boy Ogham,
pregnant
is
f,

to wit,

women Ogham,

that

to wit,

is,

the

name

of the

woman

divided there unless she bear a child previously.

however, she bear a child,

it

is

the child's

name

296

OGAM

BB. 3IIC124

ainm
ann,

in
is

lenim fodailter ann

mac.

Mad

coimlin,

7 dia

mbe

forcraidh

litir

bud ingen berthair don

toirrchius.

Cossogam

i-

mera da laime ar son na feadh imon lurgain

don lethdeis imon lurgain ar aicme beithi.
cli

ar aicme huatha.

mmm.
cetfidh

7 a tabairt

Don

Fiartharsna na lurgan ar aicme

Cearttharsna ar aicme ailme

na /z-aicme, a dho ar

-i-

anmer ar

in fid tanaise,

in

co soised a

coig ar in zoiged fid s^cip aicme.

Sronogam
mera na lam imon
fiar,

sroin

-i-

5785

i-

siniiliter

do deis

do

chli,

co

cear[t]tarsna.

Basogam
nianus aliani percutit lignoruni

i-

'm nai;//

5790

(col, /3).

Nsemogam
ainm

5780

leith

i-

tinnscanfa gabar ar in

fid

-i-,

Brenaiwd, Laisrean;/, Finden, Sinchell, Nesan.

hAdamnan, Do;man, Tigernach, Cronan, Ouiaran.

Manchan, Giurgu, nGeman, Strannan, Ruadan.
Aed, Oena, Ultan, Ernen,

5795

Ite.

Danogam.
Bethumnacht, luamnacht, fihdeacht,
H-airchetul,

druidheacht,

sairsi,

notaireacht.

cruitireacht,

quis-

sreghuindeacht,

ron-

tornoracht,

-''f^OO

lenacht.

gaibneacht,

Milaideacht,

ngiba,

naireacht.

Airigeacht,

ogmoracht, umaideacht, enaireacht,

iascair-

eacht no ibroracht.

Biadogam

-i-

bairgen, leamnacht, sic usque in fineui.

5805

OGHAM
that
is

dvided there

a boy.

daughter

If

it

and

297
there be a letter over,

if

be an even number,

it

it

would be a

be born of that pregnancy.

tliat will

Foot Ogham, to

wit,

the fingers of the hand about the shinbone for the letters

and

To

group B.
shinbone
A,

viz.,

two
the

them on the

to put

the

one finger

for the

for

left

second

fifth letter

group H.

letter, till it

would reach

of whichever group

Nose Ogham,
and

it

alicijn

name

viz.,

similiter to

athwart, across.

left,

to wit,

percutit lignorum.

Saint
the

five for

be.

to wit,

Palm of hand Ogham,

UMiMS

Athwart the

for the first letter of the groups,

the fingers of the hands about the nose,

right

for

Straight across for group

group M.

for

right of the shinbone

to wit,

Saint with which

of the

taken for the

Ogham,

it

will

commence

is

letter, viz.,

Brenainn, Laisren, Finnen, Sncheall, Neasan.

H-Adamnan, Donnan, Tighearnach, Cronan,

Ciaran,

Manchan, George, nGeminus, Strannan, Ruadhan.

Aed, Oena, Ultan, Ernen, Ita.
Art Ogham.
Livelihood, pilotage, poetry, handicraft, notary work.
Trisyllabic poetry, wizardry, turning, harping, fluting.

Soldiering, smithwork, modelling, deer-stalking, dispensing.

Sovereignty, harvesting, brasswork, fowling, fishing, or

wood work.
Food Ogham,
Bread, sweet milk,

sic

usque

iji

to wit,

finem.

yQw

298

BB. 311

/3

OGAM

II

Lusogam
ainm secip
ut

i-

do ga[ba]il ar

nac-^ losa

in fidh a tindscanfa,

braisech ar bethi, J.

est,

Cend a muine
tairisem fo

fid

anma

tosach in

-i-

5810

-i-

hainm

in fad as a

frisa

cosmailHgeacht tosach secip anma, in fidh sain do

scribhinw

deredh

tosach

anma

in

anma do

in

scvihenn

Ocus ogum n-airismech ainm

>

Hi

-i.
l

/[

~
;

iarsna fedaib dilsib.

ele \n ogmm-sed., ut est, 5815

certle.

tairsem fo

-i-

fid

nderid

in

scx'^enn iarna fedaib dilsib, ut est

-i-

Ifll

(1)1

muine dono

fo

remut

int oga/;//

anma, a tosach do
>

fen

lll

Cend
Cotarsna

anma

ar son a

Mel

-i-

Nathair im ceann

5820

ruis.

-i-

anma do scriben^ i medon na craibi, / int

scxVoenn
co direach uada co dered na craibi
do
ainm

in fid toisech in

a scx\}oenn frithrusc co tosach na craibi conid inann

ni bis

tosach 7 a nderedh na craibi

issed bis a cechtar de,

coimdes

airlegind

airlegthar int

anma, ut

tit

sis

ainm, ar

is

est in
7

suas,

ann

ita

est.

S820

821-9

/_

>

/\

/;-. "2). ii.

\\\\\\/
145-8, 159

-i-

dered in

anma

hac figura, Q^^WacJi,

7
in

asa

is

fid

medon

tosach in

5825


OGHAM
Herb Ogham,
to

name

take the

with which
l),

it

299

to wit,

of whatever herb

will

commence,

tit

it

be for the letter

es,

braisech, kale, for

etc.

Head

in

Bush, to wit,

consisting of a letter at the beginning of the word,

name

far as the

of

i.e.,

ning of whatever word

it

be, to write that letter at

name for its own name and

the end of the name according to the proper
And persisting Ogham is another name for

the beginning of the

to write
letters.

Ogham,

this

as

(the letter) resembles the begin-

it

ut

est,

^ "'"

cert-/e, ball

i.e,

of

1| |[

thread.

Head under Bush, again

The

opposite of the foregoing

Ogham,

to wit, consisting

of a letter at the end of the name, to write the begin-

ning of
)

according to

it

I
I

jl

-M,

proper

its

Mael R,

i.e.,

write

the

first

of the stem,
to the
to

the

of the

to write the

end of the stem

name
name

in

of the

it

backwards
it

is

the

that stands at the beginning and at the

stem,

i.e.,

it

is

the

which stands on each of them,

Ceallach, indifferent to read

from the middle of

stands the

middle

the

straight thence

and to write

est,

wit,

beginning of the stem, so that

same thing
end

letter

and

ut

to wit, Ruis.

Serpent about Head, to

to

letters,

it

first letter

it

that the

end of the word

?it

in hac figura,

est

up or down

name

is

and

it is

read, for there

of the name, ut est

(p.

300

/5.

29).

'

BB. 311

pavros.ittnti FTKft'TnTifiMnf<t5%^fpa
I>7iww.ttn;7KfiT.|:wn.

St^^-N^^

IVRHtntn vJorwnXT5iKjc ."CTwwHi'; ^^tn.

.

itii.it

ti.tf.Ttpjj4icait:t.^RfJ

iffl.Tyti.r

U^iWOrtti.^UTIJH tTSWKIt1.^<tnK|tl.7t1WM"r

nii.T^

11

.^<lj

<|\f)tfcti :^w.1:i<J)iIcu"^i-

'^oj.i. i^lf. ^dlf tni i-<nat.Ti a.im.a.u.a

<^
1.

mw

D^tManlIi/vtic

a).iifl.<l)-ii.<i)

jWcr.'W.

iiniT). e/iTien. Tt^.

T)<iT/icmiJ."c?ntnopf:

Ctnr. a". II ot Ot/in

iir.

ofim.

S^^'^cc.

U*i^<'F ^ecnBTf. ttiSif.^ioe^^.fi^

<finf<<irtf.

j4icuihl.0l;in *Kto^J <?.o.iin g if-o

vvrmo^ C/nmjp/f

vthfjta^.soi&TWjr.tijitvV

Stttnof^. /li3Tf^<fj\\ytStp

cjmOTf.

^'ie-

Htfo

JoS^.irxni.^li^Ti-i'T^lvicw.r^^ac'x^^tin

rttC CWj/*^|ptWtB.)'on' iif.Oo'rn.txr

.'U.oSO'p^tif in^iSi 4'itc tmi

ti^pgm-

Tm^.

jKKip ihj(

i.ctrffXti

fi'

tlC4.t9ivU^Vt

"Tttto-n 0.<*^

ttrj

Qo^ i.Iil5<ictj<c

ti t> (.'tj.t 'JJuiHjeri

t-Iih

fv'fupj

II.

7 j.l ttn

t<o;tic tUT^ivf

iv*

xtsp^cr<fm tHimiH.-porhfaji
<W -itnt^ letm ;io? trhrtnBtt i'-'tTm tfe <n2
TUnTttJWitc OTi ~i Dwnitw "tic f ao ^Si tfi.

vj tpia

ftD3'7iWitir.l.^

rfr^WI^'

oof&^t^th^
1

t)<^.1.

Tk)OTi iMct&i7faJtT?t^f6'-a3tri7KC

2|

ti4o<co^eoTKic&t7<i)n&:f^coocD7*

,'

ac txciln 3iof<ftrTiT&Tf Tro7ac7<t)0^a&.'^

T^brf tvTOj;eMca.~
ftsS^.C^anb^ <^l5oyr7f(Wf 2^WJ

iKci6T.i.Oi7ieo<fT<f

icmtti;i

Tiuc

tiwn.'Ooiitm- cti :^<nc.ir'pK{c^jfTHiTMti7

tMiiic vlbo

t)o-C<Jty7-r)ti

fpo fCK7ncr Himi vrrofic

f?OT

Sni'}<Siiyr9oiic aif*biit;r5ar<j<tif;

i)ii' <> t^o

TTaoOWTT^-pfac^

^iinjf.lUitc^ laHii-i.ffio roTpcT<fTWOO

p,inc.<Ht'co?trii1jin)ts^i"ScJJWTiroTrictj

vwefi

/t C*no <tnnne.i.f^j

tVD iMffa frfti 70*71/ f'rjar

twilinptifrira'

tos5''b<iii

ji

i^

CcTi p3imin>

tofw^i- Ttwtf t<tr. 1. ^Mjdit tnnw.Vl)c 03=

^S*! <t;Htie.trrtm C<?<|<^^jmrf j^?: di1-- 1

sj

iC;<K-ffti!i.T

"WfB^tfiwp-'i'^nB cfiff,-6-705r<r'fi^TJ'\\-^
efe 1057-^ tici .it^^'vWc 1. jftce

^t^oji.MtHHtf <flb?noe T dTc.tTio

>di.<fic tmiTtwili Df uif tiraOTjtf*!

V ofp?T.Tne;Krthitarmi^ afinj THppo

67^i.<ii

i,\itrj^fprarf77\.Ttn|sr.

nwi%if cojoc |wp umi tpcrpft i(rf?|j

t
t2:^i-53tK^.ii.5-ttT.pTrti.s^-ti ^.S
Hfc <^/ic.tmiie.i.9.tt 9 tti.9-ttti..g.tt.8.
^^^VKrif<t^<iit Tir if 1i ber.<ic.1frxniti
l>7i-

7,v tif fpTTM:

foo4:r<S5

mim^rfm Tccffio ottctS&wS.,

nm. <o

Trt><iti- <^u.-pio

pfctp vii? $7101105^

1vfi?n<i iwttm ibu T^wtTi 1 -^ttc 00 OCTf 7
.

''oci.TOfi3jcegt^p<t.'6<i^\]f.t.irHm?<iIw'

.PnclTsiK'

I>x^^tv

.1<

:^.'

-c.

>(.

..nrS-Tttr,^

ro

12

'3

14

i^^
300

FORMS OF THE OGHAM ALPHABET,

1

Aradach Finn andso

Ladder

sis.

(Ogham)

ETC.
of

Fionn 5830

here below.
2 et reliqiia sic foraicme

group behind
3

Luthogam

n-ar ndeigh.

etc. sic

diphthong

us.

an^/so.

Hinge Ogham

here.

This three-ridged (Ogham).

Trelurgach Fnd. Three-stemmed (Ogham) of Fionn.
Ladogam. Canal Ogham.

(Unnamed.)

4 Tredruimnech
5

so.

5835

is

8 Ceathardruimnech

Cruteni.

Four-ridged

(Ogham) of
5840

Crutine.
9 Aliter bethi,

10

Osogam

letter,

11

mar

dam

so

uili.

Aliter

Ib,

so

all.

aicme beithi, elit ar aicme h, iarnu ar

aicme m, laeg ar aicme 2\\.ine -i- aen dib ar in cetfid
na aicme, a do ar in fid tanaise, 7 n^ar sin uile co
5845
roised ar in fid dedenach -i- a v.
Stag Ogham, i.e., hart for group B., hind for group
H., fawn for group M., calf for group A., .e., one of
them for the first letter of the group, two for the
second letter, and so on till it would come to the last
-i-

i.e.,

Runogam na

ar

5850

five.

Fian.

Secret Ogham of the warrior-bands.

12 (Unnamed.)

13

Ebadach

14

Ogam

[of Ilann.

Ilaind.

BriTcrenw

Ebad-fashioned,
-i-

in

doimni

>

mbi

^^

<,

in fid isin aipgitir is

e lin flesc scribthar hia uath ut in figura

beithi,

XX do

Ogham

(Ogham)
-i-

aen do 5855

idad.

of Bricriu,

i.e.,

the

depth

in

letter stands in the alphabet, that is the

strokes which are written in

its

viz., one for b, twenty for i.

(Then follows a composition in

301

which the

number

of

formation ut in figura,
5860

this

Ogham.)

BB. 312

15

16
17

i9

24

>ic

30

-QCC -WC

vmhM V.1H

A^

vf^oS^:tra%<rc-lH).CTOTi:mTsk!rAoo^

32

33
i

v5i^<SF.^

r
.,

34

"p 4.1.71

tsi^^H 5;mlf?

wlr
^;!,^,i,;^aTiAiTTiil^^

37

39
41

40
,,

n-^l^"?^

42
'mtrifc5t,fv' c

302

15

Ogam
fidh

nt ord bis
toseachu quam

uird
is

scribthar
isin

ac

for
aile

na fedhaib
i

denam anma

i n-aipgtir -in
n-aipgitir is e is tosec[h]u
edencJia, dedencha he

ainm ut est in hac figtira, b n r a -i- Bran 5865

d r a a i, Labraid.
Order Ogham the order which the letters have
;

an alphabet, i.e., the letter vvhich is earHer than

another in an alphabet is written earlier in forming
a name and the last, last in the name ut est in hac 5870
figura, b n r a, i.e., Bran b 1 d r a a i, Labraid.
in

16

Ogam
fid

ar a mbi aen -i- aenflesc forcraid do zcxxhend la

et reliqua go v gacha.

gach

Ogham on which is one, i.e., one stroke too many

to be written with every letter, etc, up to five of each. 5875
17

Ogam

adlenfid.

Letter rack Ogham.

18 Gleselgi [glese selge] i- da ainm do ?.cx\\)end \- cach

trina cele dib -i- tosach in cetanma do scrib^w/ connigi
a leth, 7 tosach in anma ele ina dhiaidh, 7 dered in
chetanma ina dhiaidh, 7 dered in anma ele postea ; 5880
7 ita anmanda a ndentar, sin anma tosaigh, sin 7
derid, inund, amal atait isin da craib an<^.
Hunt-track, i.e., two names to be written, i.e., each of
them through the other, i.e., the beginning of the first
name to be written up to half of it, and the beginning 5885
of the other name after it, and the end of the first
name after it, and the end of the other name postea ;
and wherein are names which are formed identically,
those of a first name and those of a last, as they stand
in the two stems there.
5890
bec-an,ler-an: gleselgi -i- da ai;/m. A little.a small sea:
gleselgi, to

wit,

two names.

feth-nat, seg-nat, aliter

19

A
calm, a small deer,
track.
Crad cride
Anguish of a poet's heart.

20

Armogam

21

Ogam

gleselge.

little

aliter

ecis.

hunt5895

gai ar aicme bethi.

Sciath ar aicme h.
Claidim ar aicme m. Calgadeg {sic) ar aicme a -iaen dib ar in cetfid gibe aicme, a da ar in tanaise.
Arms Ogham, i.e., spear for group B. Shield
for group H.
Sword for group M. Tusk-hilted sword 5900
for group A., i.e., one of them for the first letter of
whatever group, two for the second.
-i-

ac[c]omaltach -i- in fidh is nesa don fidh do

^cx\hend imaille fris ga?2 to/r;;n*sc.
Conjunct Ogham, i.e., the letter which is next the 5905
letter to be written along with it without interruption.
6804

d-gidencha B.

^^^2

cf.

conlisio.

Origg.

i.

32, 9

303

Gr. Lat.

v.

387, 26

22

Ogam eamnach

-i-

da

b sic.
Twin Ogham,
letter, i.e., bb for b
ar

fidh Inunda. ar in fhid

i.e.,

two identical

-i-

letters

da bethi
the

for

5910

su\

23 Do foraicmib 7 deachaib in ogaim andso air n<ircumai[n]g

brogmoir lasna biat a deich 7 a foraicme 7 a forbethi,

7rl.-

Of extra groiips and syllables of the Ogham here

according to the excessive powers whereby there 5915
are syllables, extra groups, and extra alphabets of
them, etc.

Abbreviations, (i) bacht, lact, fect, sect, nect

huath, drong, tect, caect, quiar maei (MS. naii), gaeth,
ngE], strmrect, rect ai, ong, ur, eng, ing.
5920

Sigla.

Abreviations,

(2) cai no sei, c no onn, p no ui, -ino no no, ach ui oi a au, air cair, s, bran, tri,
bran, tru, cru, cru, ColumciUe, Ceallach, Cuilibadh.

24 Sigla.

ol on,

25 goach, tucht,

ict,

miliu,

uili,

eth, ean.

26 Beithi, leam, fern;/, sail, nendait sge, dair, trom, coll, 5925
aball
midiu, gius, g'cac/i, saildrong, rait
qu'lenn
:

uinus, draigin, ibur,

elen<r/,

ferus, edlenc/.

27 Bethi, luis, fernn, soil, nin \\tiatJi, dur, ti;/di, coll, quert
muin, gort, ngedar, straiph, ruis ailm, onn, ur, edadh,
5930
idad ea, oi, ui, ia, ai.
:

28 (Unnamed.)
29

Saitheach fochrom, clu co

Dodaiwg
Brec oc

;;/boil,

foluaich lucht as;;/bir.

f(?rglais,

erg

(gl.

midoth

findi

J.),

oc

5935

fnd,

Mailsem

(gl.

ardoth

findi

7^1.).

fuirid

(gl.

derg

ma;se;), leitheal, bran;/ (gl. sa.-tech).

dodai;zg brec.
sis

Cruithean f^rorcan so

30

Mucogam
cedot[h]

find, liath, loch, cron, forghlas

leithi,

cedoth

fin[n]i,

5940

7rl.

Sow Ogham
accompanying
31

white, grey, black, amber,

of a white, grey sow, etc.

blue

litter

Ogam

romesc Breas i- -Bres mac Elathan i- ba ges do

dul sech gan a legad.
Rolad iarum int ogam-sa ina
ucht ic tec[h]t a cat[h] Muige T;//>eg.
Romebaidh 5945
iarum in cath fair-sium gen robai ac legad in ogai;;;.
''"-**

beithi, with

-i-

above the

304

first

Is

so apgitr n ogaim-sea -i- scribthar n

ainm in duine.

fid

iarsn

lin Uti'r bis isin

The Ogham which confused Breas son of Elatha

vvho was under a prohibition not to pass on without 5950
reading it. This Ogham was afterwards thrown into
his bosom as he went to the battle of Moytura.
Afterwards he lost the battle while he was reading the
Ogham. This is the alphabet of this Ogham, to wit,
the letter is written with all the letters that stand .5955
in the person's name.
(Each letter, besides being
written,

32

spelt.)

is

Ogam

edenach. -i- in litir deghinach don ainm scribthar

ar son in feda -i- edad ar bethi, sail ar luis, nin ar {ern,
luis ar sail (si'c /.), nin ar nin
5960
ae, no da cc, no ch.
Final Ogham, i.e.,the last letter of the name (of the
letter) is written for the letter, viz., e for b, s for 1,
n or f, 1 for s, n for n, J. x, or cc, or ch.

33 Cend ar nuaill

-i- in fidh dedinach do gach aicme scribthar

ar in fidh toisech, 7 in fid toisech do gach aicme ar in 5965
fid ndedinach -i- nin ar bethi, / bethi ar nin, 7 gach
fid ara cele isin aicme uili, 7 gach ni d'impodh inti

ia no p
se, no cc, no ch.
Proscription, i.e., the last letter of every
written for the first letter, and the first letter 5970

fein uile frithrosc

Head on
group

is

i.e., n for b, and b for

and every letter for its fellow in the whole group,
and everything to be turned all bacUwards into itself
ia or p ae, or cc, or ch.

of every group for the last letter,

n,

34

Ogam

ar

abairtcr

cethrur

ceathar

-i-

feada

nama

5975

fern -i- duir ar

t'mm ar uath, a v luis ar luis [/. muin],
bethi, a v
a v; fer ar ail[m], a v -i- duir ar bethi, da duir ar
duir, ii duir, tri duir, iiii duir,
luis, 7 mar sin uili.
labairtzr anc/

-i-

duir, 7

tini,

luis,

V duir tinne, da tinni,

:

iii

tinni,

iiii

tinni,

v tinni,

/rl.

5980

Ogham

which is called a foursome, i.e., four letters

only are spoken in it, i.e., d and t, 1, f, i.e., d for B., five
;

t for H., five

dd

for

1,

t, tt, ttt,

35

for M., five

and so

all.

i.e.,
f for A., five
d, dd, ddd, dddd,
;

d for b,
ddddd
5985

tttt, ttttt, etc.

Ogam

buaidir foranwa -i- in cetna fid do gach aicme ar

in fid tanaise do cach aicme ar uath, a
v; in tres fid do gach aicme ar muin, a v, /rl.
bethi, a v
ae,

no

cc,

no

Ogham

ch.

of uproar of anger,

305

i.e.,

the

first

letter of 5990

every group for

group
M.,

five, etc.

se,

the second letter o every

the third letter of every group for

B., five

for H., five

or

cc,

or ch.

36 (C/. 70.) Ogam rind fri derc -i- fraech frit[h]rosc -i- aicme
^^^^
ailme frit[h]rosc ar aicme bethi -i- idad ar bethi 7 bethi
uath
ruis
ar
aicme
uath[a]
-imu'we
ar
aicme
ar idad
Aicme bethi ar aicme ailme
7 uath ar ruis 7rl.
{rhhrosc.
frithrasc J aicme uath[a] ar alaue
Point-to-eye Ogham, i.e., mane (?) back\vards, i.e.,
group A. backwards for group B., i.e., i for b, and b 6000
:

for group H., i.e., r for li, and h for

Group B. for group A. backvvards, and group
H. for group M. backwards.
37 (C/. 71.) Ogam maignech -i- maigin iter gach da fid -i6005
cocrich na;//c? don fidh fen.
for

i;

group M.

r, etc.

Enclosed Ogham,

two

letters,

i.e.,

38 Fraech frithrosc.

i.e., an enclosure between every

a limit only to the letter itself

Mane

(?)

backwards, secunduui

alios.

39 (Unnamed.)

40 Brec mor.
41

Great dotting.

6010

Ogam cumusgda

-i- gach dara fid d' aicme bethi 7 hnatha

do schend cumasgda gach dara fid d' aicme mmne
;

7 Si'nie, in

cedna.

Mixed Ogham, i.e., every second letter of groups

and H. to be written mixed every second letter of 6015
groups M. and A., the same.
42 Ogam imarbach -i- aicme h re aicme b, 7 aicme a'ine re
aicme mu'me.
Combative Ogham, i.e., group H. before group B.,
6020
and group A. before group M.
B.

305

BB. 313

48

1:

"

in TlTltl,'miHf"^^"'""^T*^Tffl'

5*^'
,*o><l*'
,Vf^//i/'

54

:^sm^'^tePfef

56

ItTimw^^"^^

^""'

i_"
I

II

li

iiii

,m

liM'lil

d|*iWiiTsT*)
nn nwwii

61
i

r/rt^jrffixt.-^V^:'i--^^-^^0^

WWW

66

-" -flft^

^'^3^1!^r^ in(^i^\i^

^
60

^v.

75

1.

.^

r<5r^

76

i.;'?..;"*'

77

.;^^?^^W5^^^^^7^^

tnqjufg- 341

307

33-

43 Sluagogam
i-

i- in fid fen do s,zx'iend ter (-i- ina thri) aire fen

bethi ter (ina thri), luis ter (ina thri), /rl.
Host Ogham, i.e., the letter itself to be written

thrice for

44

itself, i.e.,

thrice,

thrice, etc.

Ogam

ind co ind -i- do ind na craibhi do ac[c]omal -i- 6025

aicme ailme do mesc frithrosc ar aicme bethi -i- idhad

eter

foraicme

1,

/rl.

mar

aicme

do mesc ar aicme

h.

Na

sin.

End to end Ogham, i.e., the tvvo ends of the stem

to be joined, i.e., group A. to be mixed backvvards with 6030
group B., i.e., i between b and 1, etc. group M. to
be mixed with group H. The extra groups similarly.
;

45

Ogam

da reib

-i- riab eter gach da fid i certogam.

stroke smock Ogham, i.e., a stroke between
every two letters in regular Ogham.
6035

leni

Two

46

Ogam

sesmach, ar is a medon inonn, ar is and forbait//'r,

as a leth deginaigh leghthar prms, ar is and bis
aicme b 7 h, ar is ina medon ata forba na ceithri
7

n-aicme.
Steadfast Ogham, for its middle is the same, for 6040
there it is completed, and from its latter half it is
read prius, for there are the B. and H. groups, for in
its middle is the completion of the four groups.

47 Gort fo lid, ar na bet da fid for aenlit[ir] -i- tri feda eter
gach da fid d' aicme bethi.
6045
Corn-field under colour, that there might not be
two Ogham letters for one letter, i.e., three letters
between every two letters of group B.

48 Coll ar guta -i- aicme b 7 aicme

gan cumscugud, 7 coll
ar aicme ailme, a v -i- aoncholl {sic /.) 7 da choll 7 tri 6050
cuill 7 ceithri cuill 7

coig

Coll, c, for a vowel,

no change, and c

for

cuill.

group B. and group M. with

group A., five, i.e., c, cc, ccc,

i.e.,

cccc, ccccc.

Lively dotting.
Strife head.
Ogam Dedad. Ogham of Dedu.
Ceand debtha. Head of dispute.

49 Brecor beo.

6055

50 Ceand imreasan.
51
52

53 (Unnamed.)

54 Insnitheach.

6060

Infilleted.
308

55 Didruim.
56
57

Ogam
Ogam

Ridgeless.
VVell-footed Ogham.

focosach.

negladae

(1.

ndedlaide)

-i-

in

cuiged

fid

fod-

ailter.

Separated Ogham,
58 Ebadach

-i-

ebad etar gach da

Ebad-fashioned,

between every
59

Ogam

i.e.,

the

fifth letter is

severed.

6065

fid.

>^^ (Ogham),
c

i.e.,

an Ebad

tvvo letters.

in fid benai [1.

benas] in fid ara
gualaind do buain imaille fris gan fognum fair.
6070
Ogham of Fenius, i.e., the letter which touches the
letter on its shoulder to be taken off along with it
without making use of it.
F?;z/usa

-i-

60 Indiupartach ands[o]

diupairt gach aicme ar aile imon

na haicme tanaise, ut est.
6075
Fraudulent (Ogham) here, i.e., each group's
defrauding another of the initial letter.
It is the
initial letter of the second group (which ends the
first group), ut est,
cetfidh.

61

Taebogam Tlachtga
Side

-i-

Is e cetfidh

Ogham

-i- d' aentaib uile

of Tlachtga, i.e.,

na fega-sa sis.
6080
on one side all these

letters below.

62 (Unnamed.)

63

64
65
66
67

Ogham of Erimon.
Snait[h]i snimach. Interwoven thread.
Ogam fordunta. Foreenclosed Ogham.
Xathair
fraech. Snake through heath.
Bacogam. Bend (or angle) Ogham.
Ogam

Erimoin.

fria

68 {Cf. 36.)
69

6085

Ogam

(Unnamed.)

tregdae.

Pierced Ogham.

g090

70 (Unnamed.)
71 {Cf. 38.)

Locogam.

Place Ogham.

72 Fiaclach Find, 7 is ar cuimri nach scribthar acht da fid

do gach aicme.
Toothlike [Ogham] of Fionn, and it is for brevity 6095
that there are but two letters of every group written.

73

Ogam

airenach.

Shield

Ogham.
309

74

Rothogam Roigni Roscadhaig

bethi a

huath a

Wheel Ogham

v, muin a v, ailm a
o Roigne Roscadach

B. five, H. five,

M.

75 Fege

(stc

snaithi.

77 Sigla.

five,

A.

v.

6100

five.

Find. Fionn's Window.

76 Traig
in

v,

/.)

sruth

Ferc[h]ertne -i- coig feda in gach

of Ferchertne, i.e., five letters

Stream strand

each thread.

51Q5

Abbreviations.

iul, og, ech, ind, lii, rii, Hi,

di ailm, fict, dacht, gart.

310

fii, ict,

arb, insci, ruidriug

BB. 314

79 "

80

.;,r,

81

tlaf^cecK7'<&rmnft.Woe..TnD.lKfe.3,ten.^e eKn

83

tu

1^

-rr

'*2'^\ -T

flr-

-o-

.71. !-?.'

cl,-m.fl

JT7~

82
84

85

86
^ips^<lfincn

87

88

90
91

92
93

C-f ci^mn Tnmiicat.i>rvl1nntiat)5?ii'oWfm

7ioto;ntHtcaR5 plio
-jpMTp .CfcM cld
v^

^ ^oo;o

1 vjjmiwn

miiM^^i ^ff^rw^r

fo.Tff.Xfomen fiowfiw Tf

Twm aTftrtml-j^ijplM _ r6ys:

7iTY-6ii ntT^tc

3 w-^^lJlaitmTincsa-p-psJifiri

^. IflTSn^Ttw

<sf!^-,57ieic7la(

^\-oojcV;wb<PTns^lH7rio'ir

rii

\7KitiTiyjSir

xT;fon7tj|n<liTn

vnioeTTtTU5iiotcofr\^

TOir7Pvtc;waaT;5^Q--tK^

_?TOrfp'mt<^TfT><n'tipctor'"*'_
,

l<jit>itit)ititK-iKttri

'pwofb 5t |xm ^Ww'ro t7rhD!nK0jfuc

1.1eici ttnf iinwsitT

;we
;wtlntr^

oumaczw^i^H

f1ncm oqjCHWB-CVf

TtrMmiTvceoHterotoW"^^'"^

.trrthff/ir^" xfT^jdctrliTstlwr^
sac tti piptv iT>i wtT) TKnyoe5^
?* <mW>ciM-Cf niTK^6i
(jaef

ct

T^

T?^wk riv' 7,* TwoJtHtioe- 7totkf etO vfn

p^iirTKi3<itd ttf^pf-C^rf
^.

ti*'?ottf

;tu3/>(i onc^inolHP

tn

^^

SE^tn^c<:<tioeT,c>m..7^-^;^

<a^7nc.Tn^.c<tt^-^^^

^iKfi5-itt;7<n5Ji4P^o?r^^5TP"-_

^&.lx^C-*"^'"'^^

cwo^ jti? Toe Toc ^><m> ooslil ffft

TnHn.t.cuinntc.aT*^^'*'^''"'^^

l)M1

311

.1

iCl'''^-

78

tii

diailt

eet

ban bachlach

ara

sesd

lat

inscii

nact

maidm

cridi eors

::

gai

dec indsci so anuas.

6110

These are ten expressions above.

79 Forfeda

sigan

troigi

bang

ue

aihn

fain

trenoct

enoct

Additional

duiriu

gort guinche

remar

ailm

coeliu

srub-aigi

aupai

ui

ailm guinche.

6115

letters.

80 Forfeda:

mane
neal

esci

taeb

goth

icht

te

ongan

fisidect

ail

dea

Hasairect

eth

oeth

emridoth

maicc.

Additional

6120

letters.

81 Forfeda:
uaitea
uilen

tre

caetrae

ebaid

samuil

enebaid

huic

dirdin

oe

dind

dur

hE

didad

fir

ailm.

Additional

82 Fiarogam.

letters.

6125

Oblique Ogham.

83 Traigsruth Ferc[h]ertni.

monere nemnig

nuaill brethaigh dian

Ogam

n-imraigea. rosluinni di rig dian indscib ga;^

Ogam
fo

anaichnid

ceastaib coirib comairci ar

loch ler ceartach.

111

n-ogam

ni

dan

irrlun/.
is

crand 6130

n-ilarda dorada

fri

huair irrscrudain.

Ogam
Long

n-eathrach
fri

Curach

huath
fri

i-

ailm, a

-i-

barc
v.

v.

beithi, a v.

fri

No

muin, a

fri

/En dib

v.

ar in cetfid, a

do ar 6135

deginach secip na

in fid tanaise co roised a v, in fid

n-aicme.

Strand stream of Ferchertne.

Boat Ogham,

i.e.,

barque

for M., five

313

for B., five

Full-rgged ship for H., five

Ship

6140

Coracle for A.,

letter,

two

group

letter of vvhatever

84

till

Hebrew) Alphabet

them

of
it

reach

for the

irst

the last

five,

be.

it

Egipta

Aipgitir

F>rcas-.

One

five.

the second

for

andso.

Egyptian

[^read,

6145

here.

85 (Unnamed.)
86 Apgitir Afraicda.

87 Suag Ogam.
88

Ogam

African Alphabet.

Rope Ogham.
: bachlaid,

cuidec[h]tach

noeim, mar sin

uili.

Ogham

Company

Synods, Saints, thus

89, 90

91

heroines,

Priests,

Fian,

all.

(Unnamed.)

Ogam

6155

Lochlannach andso.

Ogham

Scandinavian
92,

laichesa, Fianna, senada, 6150

here.

93 Gallogam. Anmand na feda

raid,

caun,

naun,

hagal,

isar,

mann, langor, eir. ViUing

letters,

fea,

ar,

diur,

sol,

turs,

or,

b^wgann,

Ogham. Names

of the

6160

i.e.

Finit dona hogmaib.

End

of the

In dei nomine

Cinnus

-i-

sin,

How

Oghams.

A nien.

a pein;/
is

dona huraiceptaib.
Beginning of the Primers.

Incipit

that,

dar lim

is

maith.

pen? and methinks

313

it is

good.

6165

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
A

a height,

ard 1221,2,4, 4530il.4'

Metr.
&'b&ll

{.

apple-tree

II53, 1185,4248,

()2,2,

C.

abratchor

3257,
:

instrument, g.s.

adfoirithim uais /
nos-nothrustar

aband f. amnis 1091, 4092, 5736

abrochtur eyelashes, eyehrow
Wi.

f.

1813,

abrat-chur,

4999.

C. Add. and Corr.

rough,

bitter,

ad-gldur /

466,

speak

rack for

f.

adlenfid 5876.

ad-midiur /

acht doubt, uncertainty 504, 2973.

achtach brave, doughty, energetic

adoralm /

gnim,

-i^

Cor.

Tr.

114:

C.
5328.

SR.

2881, 7093

acuit an

1355,

1553,8,

4418, 4783

ada

dona haib adhaip

iry, atempt,

2953
a d-welling, a house, uaraib

f.

adbaib 5585,6. Fel.''adbarrda causal 3800

ad-ci sees, i s. pres. atchiu 5230 with
affixed pronoun adcimsus 3037 !
adcimsi, Eg. ; 3 s. fut. pass. ros;

cichestar

488.

654
ad(in)-com-ta

Str.

Gl.

Thur.
with
;

s.

s.

adroghmus
32

pret.

perf.

atarodamair 5110,1

adrodamas
rodamad, Ed.

pass.
!

adromus,

probably

Stowe

r-aromus 5126
816

pret.

s.

adore,

/oz'e,

follow, cling

to,

dia n-aidra d' oen[l]ocht

fut. cid

s.

C.

2076.

a worshipping, n.p.

adharia

2125
count, rechon,

airmim 1998
airmidir 2173
3
adasramed uili 1903.
pres.

ad-tibim /

laugh,

s.

pret.

s.

3.

s.

pres. pass.
pass.

ataraimhet, T,
s.

pret.

atib

5112, attib 5116

el lune, cloch (no ael) 1088

en, en (i) one : (2) a singular \- a
uathad 5072, 1844,67, 1945, 20?9
2159) 5331, e.g.
triadi[b] 5335

do threnfher, margut

enta m.
obtains, 3 s. pres.

pronoun affixed adcotaidi-seom 133

3 s. pres. pass. adcodar 3546, atcouiar
4809
ad-daimim / acknowUdge, recognise
grant, 3

hoohshelf,

5115

night raven (?) 5694

pl.

rodas-rommadair

51 14,

adaig
adbae

address,

1304

spears,

ad-rm-im / numher,

due, lawful, right,

uais

C.

atarommadair

adrad m.

acute accent

relieve,

Laws

to,

pres. triasa n-agaiiht

adlenn
hagarb

co

succour,

adfoirithed

Cf. adfoirichin,

2476.

co hacarp 2931
accur hunger, desire, ni gleacc;/;- 2179.
accor, C.

acht

anmand aidmi

1482,4591

4283.

acarb

adem

GL,

135.
ii*'i,

hence

umty, Ecnda 424, 2866, ar

cntaidh 5555,7, ar aentaid 5568. Wi.

entairim
s-pret.

abs.

coincide,

aentaigis

agree,

aentugud m. coinciding,

inf.

1634,

4713

s.

identity

1008,14,5

er
er

the air, g.s. blog aeoir 901

a satire, lampoon, air 1582, di

f.

air

1584

eraim /
669

satirise,

pass.

dub

s.

rel.

ani

a n-aerthar 5235

serais

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

3i6
gur
i

aidbse

1 fear 5322

possession,

suidheas

tc

408,

411,

chanas 407,9, 2847,9.

oc

i-

eala, O'Cl.

kuowledge,

f.

2847,50

410,

huadh 1827
1935 d.p. da
Ed.

aireic

f.

aei

ealada,

2847,8,

407,8,

ce

caingen 393 ; g.s.

aei ! caingen,

uea

ui,

eolus na hai

2785.

Ed. II, 21

ib beauly, rofuaigh aib 1973. Wi.

aibgitir f. Lat. ahecedarium, alphabet,
apigitorium 350, aipcitorium 2710
2717,9, 2720,1, 2771
2715, du thoit na haib-

aipgit'r

n.s.

g.F. aipcitre

gitrech 315

2710;
2770

aipcitir
aipcitri

aicce

d.s. forsin aibgitir 349,

gnm

deed, IwHseheeping A-

gnm

III2.

tigedus, Stowe G/.

-i^

aicce fosterage
137

cen aipgitri 387,

a.p.

O'Dav.

2261.

III2,

aicceacht, aicicht

instruction, teacli-

Laws

ing, lesson II 12, 2261.

aiccent m.

g.s.

n-acenta

seacht

n.p.

aicde

31,

iii.

acept bliadna,

aicce

266,

2443,

da aigdi 2580, 2600

aicenta natural

91

397,

aiccenta

1,

975

hiowledge,

aichnius

int

a tribe, group 5668

n.p.

g.p. secip

945,

Hr

cis

illeaeht

ailm
ailm

f.

(l)

ochtach 4293

g.s.

946,

aicme 5492

na n-aicme 6137.

II94 -iailm

n.s.

(2) the

letter a, is
;

aicmi

g.s.

aim-ger unsharp 1979

aim-nert weahness 969,

aimserad m.
4117,

a.

972, 980
a timing, duration 4133,

na cuimre 4120.

in f. a driving 2731
aincess pain, sirait,

Sg. 5*10
ar

difficulty,

da

ain-dilse inappropriateness 843

ainm m. (l) a name, doroich int ainm
3586 (2) a noun, an adjective 2659,
:

2667: (3) a combination

cetainm ogaim
ainm ogaim 1551, 4780

ofletters, inscription, in

I161, int

ainm airme 4490, 1439

infrequency io2, 2381

ainmnechad
ainmnid

Wi.

forgnuis

m. a naming, nominative

4972
the

forbaidh
;

nominative

case,

ainmiud 906

ainmneda

n.s.

g.s.

1643,

1645 9,
1659; d.s. ina n-ainmnidh 1678
ainmniugud m. (i) a namtng ^^^,2
(2) nominative case 799, 1517, 1530,
:

1880
1644,

quasi pailm 4295

5649, 2795- 2797

5575-

a.s. fri
1544, int aicned 1902
aicnead 5292. Cf. Gr. Lat. iii. 466, i

accent,

fir-tree,

ailmi 989, luis ailme 999, 5491, 5674

ainsid

aicnid

O'Dav. 65
beauty 11C8, 4263

a palm-tree,

aicnid m.

Laws

one-twe/fth 1448.

1770, otha in

C.

iioo.

aicme m.

Litt. 38, 8

aill nob/e 5243.

case 4667,

2816, 3443,5

aichnes m.

Thur, Hdsf. und

dec

stone

Cf. dut-

(?), ni for a n-aild 4408.

ain-mence

10: Lism.

malerial,

f.

spUuter,

roclc,

c.

1088, 4083.

aild,

II ^'43

vii.

(4) a numeral, cardinal number, int

Sg. 220^6, 7
aiccept a lesson III3.
1922.

Ir. T.

small

fuit

ail

haimsir fota 1575,

aimsir, Ed.

-i.

319) ^533)

accent 4130,3, 4767

1902

aicenta

ni

'i^

ainges 2108

Cor. Tr. 14

ail

ailcne

aile

497

guestion, suit 2782,3, te aiges 408,9,

2847,9,

3680, di-ail

aild

O'Cl.

ailes

as

an-ce

for

ce

asib 742.

21

vii. II,

cause,

Lec.

cen

a.s.

qumair 1574, 4804,

sech in

4805.

alta

49 note

a lapwing 5696

f. h-^t. petra 554, 1087, 4082

ail a time, a long time, v aimser furail

huad 1577,

g.s.

742)

se

f.

ail

mides 408,
taoph uaim na

n.s.

haoi 2852, cia halt

art 488,

scieiice,

1938

oe

2958,

a choral song ind aidbsi 1472.

f.

XX. 181,

aidircleg

2848,51
i a swai!y

RC.

the accusative case, g.s. ainsida

ainseda 1649, 1659

ainsid 1678

d.s.

'na

GLOSSARIAL LNDEX
aipgigim /

ripeii,

pres. aib-

rel.

s.

giges 351,2, aipcidhius 2712

airbert

practice

use,

airll, airiall

f. a bed, n.s. intan rosaig

ind airiall 1710, airell 4716,7
;
d.s. d' oreiU 1703, d' airell
4699,

lar

818,

742,

332,

317

1895, 2681, 2827

4892 co haireill 4900. C.

airlchell a guarding, preparingfor, de;

airbiur bith / use, practise,

pres.

s.

iarn-airbhirt nan-airbirenn bith 1895.

Cf. C. 113

aircellad m.

a plundering

(i)

abrept'ive case airchelladh

airceallad

H.

goid,

i-

.-

18

4.

(2)

Laws

1886.

airichell q.v.

1984, 2167, a urachil calaidi 5374

e.g. fer, fe a airchill calaid 1804,
c.

ben, be a airichiU 1850,

a aircealla calaith 5030
nem, ne a
;

ainchill 1872

ceilm. guth 5376

airchell fuit theft of a long, inserting
;

airchill fuit 2135, 1948,

airicil
1851, airichill fuit 1874, 1983, 2105,
5072, 5379> aircealla f. 5031, na da

i,

airichill

e.g.

2148, a airichil f. 5379:

a airchill fuit 1805, deirc

feir

5383
trisyllabic poetry,poetrv, n.s.

hairchetul

5799

g.s.

1973. 1509. 2190.

airde a

height

2685

337,

C.

1246, a

n-airde aloft

1187, 1470,8

airde a

C.

-i-

985

a.p.

egusc, Ed.

an

(l)

extinguishing,

quenching

: (2) lenition of t and of 8

1264, 1280,2,3, 4322, 4338, 4342
airdtiu f. (air-di-fed) a stretching,

producing,

a.s.

urditeun 5013.

gan

Z?

aire m. a chiefprince,

airditin

1824,

979, note
n.p. airigh fedha

1150,2, 5492,3, aire 4246,7

aire a dam, fence, hedge 1192,
fal,

ut

est

aire

srapha

4290.
sraibh,

3974, airic 1019

airechtu a finding^
622.

1169, airinach Fian

ogam

C.

laord 1947,

irisel

invention, n.s. air-

498,

505,

fernd

Lec.

airsel, aursel (i) very low

humiHation, the addition of aib
5079,

.-

(2)

to the

5346,

fhoriseal 1997, a uiriseal 2098, 2146,

auriseal 2176;
e.g.
fer-aib 1798,

4990

ben-aibh 1847

nim-ib 1869

Fer-aib mna-aib 5349

airismech

ogum

persisting, continuous,

n-airismech 5815

airitiu

f.

acceptance,

airlech a

reception,

slaughtering,

Laws
airmidetu a

g.s.

2263
arusc n-airlig

5639-

counting,

enumeration

1412,3,6, 4:520

trap for

airnnelaib

114,

birds,

fornelaib

Arch. C. P.

2394.

i.
474
aisc reproach, cia haisg 3101
aiste f. (i) a metre, ind aisti 371 1
;
832,3,7,8, 926, 1686
n.p. aisti 1509,
1958 d.s. risin aisti reamaind 1584
;

(2) pattern,

3379-

aitenn

fo

aisti

an

Gregaid

C.

m. furze,
2834,

aitean

4251;

11 56,

I19I)

int

5522,

Laws
5580,2.
aitheanta known, characteristic 2828
aithnigte known, familiar 4955.
aithnigim, CC.
aittreb m.

f.

(i)

a habitation

locative case, inn atreib

2974, aireachlain
Hih. Min.

sciath 5536,8,

-i.

airenach 6097.

aitend

O'Dav. 180 Anec. iii. 43

aire -xime no fal, O'Dav. 60
airec a finding, inventing, n.s. airec

echta

(2) a shield, airenach Fiann

airndel a

sign, token, n.p. 947,

airdbdud m.

i-

1886 q.v., aircioll 4829, aircill 4740

airigeacht sovereignty 5803. 'Br.
O'R.
air-inech ( i ) the van, beginning (O' R.)

airiten II13, airiti

airchetal

984.

; defensive case, e.g. ar fear a airicheall I5i8,airceall 1651, airchelladh

f.

for

airchell calaid ///</? ofa /lard, dropping

of a final hard consonant 1948, airichiU

2107, 499'

fence

1725

(2)

1518,

1661, 1723, 1783, 1884, int aitrioph

4915
a,la..

piebald, seck/ed, alath 5701.

C.

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

3i8
allm /

rear, hring

<^,

3680 rel. ailes 407,8

pronoun, 3 s.f. pret.
;

s.

andalde
ander

pres. ailid

s.

with affixed

ailsius

slan 607, 3349

f. splendour 5174,8.

5319

ne

pres. pass. ailter 3671,5

almne

almne

glunae,

HSD.

734,

M'Alpine
this word is stiU spoken in the Highlands, falman, failmean m.
alt m. (i) a join, litnh, a measure 740,
a' ghliiin,

925. 1577, 4814;

n-inad ailt 3684,5
alta 835, 1957

832,3,

195

a.s.

alta

g-s.

an-forbthe imperfect, airem a. a prtme

number 1443, 4493
anglide angelic, ainglaidi 5306. C.
anocht m. (l) a metrical mistake,

fri alta 1237, fri haltaib 1956:

(2)
a juncture, interval (between letters

for a.

or syllables, in spelling or pronounc-

ing) 830, 760, 779, 835, 909, 910,1,

1417,30, 3862: (3) int alt co fesser,
Lat. ut scias

am-be

li/e/ess,

am-lres

826,7,8,31, 890, 1577

li

ambi

unbelief^

f.

L. infidelitas, n.s.

an aimiris 2349, ind aibres 61

am-labar dumh, Lat. inutits 469, 2934.
Wi.
amne thus, imne 4315. Wi.

amra

amram

wonderful, superl.

blais

Wi.

5666.

splendid, glorious 1581,5,

(i')

(2) splendour, n.s. 4660

5353:

g.s. ni

in

1585
n. unbeautifulness ,

cach n-anaeb

co n-anaeb, SR. 18
a laudatory hexasyllabic metre

2080.
f.

proper

to

ind anair 3672, 15781

cl,

C.
4654, 4815.
an-air (l) from the East

(2)

from

f.

1581
a breath, a poes breath of five

zvords, g.s.

930, 3528

d.s.

n-anail

anamaln

f.

a metre proper

to

an ollam,

in(/a. 829, 1578, 1581, 4654.

Ir.

T.

116

(2)

absence

of
anocht 2073
e.g. 5222, argair and cen ni fris 5232,
Ir. T, iii. 126
nocht, q.v. 2069,

longest
V.

int

Gaelic

in

-Ljord

the

1436, 4523

a poet of

the second order, a.nruth. 2231.

iii.

comroircnigiur

ansruth, anruth, anrad m.

aradu

Ir. T,

and Index

112,

rad m.

a ladder 2425

ZCP.

8,

n.s.

aradu 985

is

aradach

characteristic,

caindeifriges

catead a

n.pl.

adj.

70

a preparing,

f.

condition,

n-

n-araide

d.pl.
1639, 1643, a n-aradnai 4819
cona n-aradnaib 1674, 4853- C.
arathar m. a plough 5728
arbor n. corn, g.s. criathar arba 636,

ne

gort arba 5558

s.

and there,

metathesis, e.g. el, le

arching 5241
or,

r-ch

ra.

slaughter-hound 5741,2

ard

high,

compar.

airden

dossaib 5548,

ardingim /
s.

pres,

airdi

4284
a.

masi

superl.

muin
ardam

iachtadh 5575

crush, compress, intensifv,

arding dead 1357,

1546,

arding in focul 1828, arding defidh

3661 ardingidh in foucal 5018

n. aplanet, na vii n-airdrenda

ard-rind

2^1^

then, a

im arbor 637

appi-oach, enter, 3

to,

Lat. per inistrofen 510, per

enistrafen

pret.

d.s. c.

ar-ch m. watch-dog ;

anastroplie a
en,

21 12,

anuchtu 2009

a.p.

meirical fault,

specific

II 86,

931, 3860

iii.

2124

ar-chingim I go

the beginning or front

anl

n-anochtaib

'i'^''

"i-P'

an-ib

anair

2175

5830.

amus m. a soldier, n.p. amuis gairg 2538

,n

2022,

anrocomraircnlcsiumairne

C.

70.

1 1

ind anbfios 3492, anfhis

2773,

378, ainbfios 2776

2069,71,3,5, 2102,4, 2178, ar anocht

d.p. altaib 925, 1577,

Wi.

fault, error 1943, 5062, 1970,

n.p.

Cf.

an-fls m. ignorance, ni maith int anfis

falman,

Sg. 47*3:

falaman

Wi.

an-fhig unsharp 2120.

a knee-cap, almnse 1854, ailmne

for glun 1819, faircle for glun 5C08.

Wi.

andaidi 2351.

there,

a woman, virgin, ander gach

f.

formolad, ann-on 5286

3537

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
arg'anda m.

sialher

1226,

(?)

4536.

Cf. argg, argan, C.

ar-garim I forbid^ prevent^

c/ieck,

s.

3.

argair 5230,2

ar-lgim
5828

arnin m. an Ogham
presses a Jinal
ivhich

is

arnin

is

1545,6,

airlegihar

aloud,

acce/i, 'which

and

letter,

in

1827,

fuiUed

tres

437,8,

airnin

1824.

1558,

the sign 0/

arnin

1560, int

eom-

2888,9,

3634, 4355, 4768, airnion 3637

a vovage, rowing, { imramh 1326,

ar

Stowe Gl.

4642.

ros m.

ahode, drcelling, d.s. issinn arus

ancient

old,

arsanta

1757,

4946
ar-sissiur, airisslm /
s.

pres. airissid 1446,

reniain, rest,

3056

is

di

321

asa, isa

ascnam

u-hose is 5194
m. (ad-com-sn) (i) anadvanc-

tng, seehing, attach

the close of

of half

(2) the repetition at

a medial stanza in a poem

the accented

poem 2200,3,11.

Ir. Metr. 28

opening

uord of

Ir. T.

30,1

iii.

(3) the advancive case

1519, 1651, 1724,6, 1777, 1882,4742,

int

ass

(_MSS.),

f.

aighiuster

retahing,

asgnamh

tnilk,

astad m.

Ir. T.

iii.

66,3
refer

athtairgither 3153.

3977,

Wi.

ni aihairrigthir 729,

grammaiical

first lesson, a

treatise, n.s. int

;

g.s.

Uraicipt

coicduail in

auraicepta 343, 733, 2699, auraicepto

uraiceapta iar n-Amairgein
2773
;

n-uiraicecht

a.s. iar

Mmmnig

4507 d.p. dona huraiceptaib 6161.

a. na n-ecsine, Ir. T. iii. 32,3
aurba a hreahing, exception, co ndaurba 1202, co nd-urba 983, co
nd-ourba 4314
bacc a kiss, Lat. pax 1356. pg, HSD.
;

bacc

crosier,

crook,

bend or angle

shelf

Ogham

bac

6088.

Ogam

hinge or

staple Ogham, Kilk. Arch. fr., p. 225

bachlach m. cleric, priest, monk, n.p.

bicUaid 6150

bachlach m. a

crffiud,

crew

SS^^-

war

goddess, badbr a

ivar king 5157,67

bdim /

droicn,

merge,

elide,

rel.

baidhius 4342
conas-fir-bade 1202,
co ndofir-baidhe 3920.
0'MolIoy
;

a-ta-boind proclaims, ata-boing, atabong tui 5458. Ped. Gr. 668

th m. aford 1274, 4328
atharraigim / repeat, reiterate, gach

ath-denam

fedair

to,

attaircidhter,

Eg.

badb, bodb

a holding fast, seltling, estab-

a fostad 3983.

doathnu-

ros-atnuidh,

Cf.

Din.

4916,7, 4977
as 1067, auss 4023

hshing, asdadh 1022,7, fastad

including,

dep.

pret.

s.

2639.

ath-taircim I reproduce,

1028

arusc n. a stipitlation 5639. Laws

arusc rre Lat. verbum voluntatis, for
example 4672.
TP. Sippl. p. 25,

Cf. C.

cona n-athghabail diblinaib 904, 1234,

4552
ath-nuaigim / renew, make a copy of

3381, eraicept 2260

arsisidar 1622, 4700,1

the

athargab 3387.

fo

Wi.

auraicept m. a primer,

arsata

madh

F:an.

i-

5391

considering,

comparing 913, 1475, 1894. C. 148

ath-forgab m. a weapon, strife, S}'n-

athgabil

airlegind 5827

inf.

athfgrad m. a regarding,

cope,

/ tead

319

alhraigther 3485

doing again, repeating, a

n-ai(t)-denamh 2312
athech m. a tenant-at-will ivho pays
interest (aithe) for the land lent him
hy hts chief apeasant, churl, n.p. athaig

edha 1151,4, 5493,6, aithig 4246,9

(h: 149

bes m.follv, vanitv, lust 5390

beth afool, baeth criche 5289,95

bg

afight 5626.

Wi.

bail excellence, prosperity,

mboil 5932

baile

success, clu

co

place, township, monastery, g.s. ar

nglanbaile 5338

bairdne
d.s.

757

f.

bard poetiy,

g.s. 743,

754

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

320
balrend
rbc.

f.

piece of rock, stone 5426.

C.

a cano 1306, 4628. i- in bard ica

ball don bairdne agas bairdne

fuil

ar

a bard who has the

filidecht sin, i.e.

member for bardship^ and bardship

the namefor that poetry, O'D.
a blank space 1275.

ban- female ; banda

is

banmacan m.

id.

533,

ban-

macam 3163
a blanching^ making pale 5628
a sage, bair i- suid 5425.
C.

compar. lughu 677,

sup.
lugum,

3270

lugusomh 659, lugam 3489, lugasoun

3271, lughude 1456, 3369

benaim I strihe,
(1.

s.

pres. nos-benand

benas) 6069

s.

perf.

rob 5122, ros-bi 5349

be

cach mbi bui

1681,

5393

d.s.

du

biu 584
f. beer 980, 1381, 5429

beir

berbaim / boil,
5566.

brla

n.

s.

pass. rel. berbthar

Wi.
f.

nEpraide

is si

2488 90,8, 1044,

mberla-sa 1053, int aonberla 2434,

n.pl. berlada 2579
1765, 4966

in

berrad m.

tonsure, hair of head, g.s.

dith a berrda 3497

bert f. clothes, robe of a king 537 1. C.
besan a kmd of bird, a pheasant (?)
5693

livelihood

bith m. worid,fauna,

a/phabei,

Cf.

5798.

C.
C.

aipgitir in betha

C.

5600.

bith-elus

everliving

the

395. 2790, 2978

g.s.

bilmnen

bloisc 5636.

bncivledge

509

287,

298,

2438,

Wi.
blod

is

boaid

guth, H.

-i-

18, p.

3.

C.

i-

eblud a rearing, briuging up

Cf.

5445.

buanann

nurse, Metr.

b-aire

cow-chief

Laws
bocad m.

(i) a softening, unvoicing

boairech

5448.

(2)

lenition {pf a final consonanf) 1264,5,9,

bochta

4335,

4322,3,7,8,

with (3) the

consonant t.g.

-1-

H=P

q.v.

mad

Wi.

hind

4282, Ed.

-i-

probably

Metr.

a folk etymology, bo-asa-ceill.

supremacy,

nithe
P.

the

top

O'C, molad

brab-beirius
beirius

eilit

ii''39, basceall 5551,

vii.

boscell 5553, boiscell 5552.

brab

inf.,

g.s. boaiscille

gelt 1185, 5554, baisgell

elit

its

1270, 4335

bogas 4335
Cf. C.

soften, rel.

bogad, boccad

confused

H followmg

Ogham

poverty 5343.

bogaim /
boiscell a

m. a speech, language, berla

.

ogham

the

bethamnas, C.
biil f. an axe, hatchet 5725.
bile rim, border, iip 5158,68.

1273,4,

cellabrad cach bi

living, alive, g.s.

cois in

fri

(3) alpliabet, forbethi 5912

bethe-luis-nln

626

C.

litie,

luga

5427, benai

(i)the birch-tree, g.s.

bheithe 1158, I154, 1160, 4249: (2)

the letter b, n.s. in beithe 2802, 5486 :

Fel?
2838, in blad 3783, 4386.
blosc a noise, report, craching, cara

a cake, bread, bairgen 5806

ivonian 1275.

smali,

18

bethe m.

blth bloom, ar a blath 5620,4.

blog f. a piece, fragment 901,

f.

1472,

4.

2445

bar
bara anger, wrath 5168. C.
brcc f. a boat, barque^ barc 6133
brcc a stronghold 5107
f.

'i. sith no berla, Ed.

-i. gach
na gach talamh a mbid berlada, H.

5472.

bitumain

bnad

b a
bec

tr

bethumnacht

O'Br.

'womanly- 1464,5,

bargen

beusgna

ianguage,

speech,

bethi-Iuis-nion 2806, 5505

1503 ban-ecoscda of womanly form,

ban-gnethach of ivomanly activities,
ban-gnimach of tvomanly deeds 6l2
ban-en a female bird 542 banmac
m. a female child 531, banmac 631,
3162,

2268, besgna 2270, 2317, in bescna-sa

balrt i' ingen daughter, girl 5426

ball a member 1305
ballorb (i) a member or facullv for
perfectingpoetry 1305
(2) a namefor

bn

bscna

superlative

\-

or point of a
-i^

brr

thmg,

brabh 3361,2, bec

comparit,

mor

superlait 3329,30, brab

brabifin

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
Mod.

3465.

bricht

brabach m. inan oidhche cheana

Ir.

crease^ ta b. air

midsummer).
pl.

Laws

brachta 4541.

bracht

bran a
brann

O'Mulc. 685

kale 5809.

f.

praisech hroth,

M'B.

raven 5598. Wi.

a woman^ braind

s.,

mna

gl.

braon

\-

saethech u'eary 5936.

n.p. brais

brogmar

Cf.

big ; brish^ eager

cleas b. /eat of

sympatheiic magic (?) 1332.

Cor. Tr. 22

Cf. br,

brolach

4539
distil,

forsmbroeniu

brechtrad m.
brecor

Wi.

variely 4736.

a dotting 60^,^.

Ir.

T.

84,

iii.

for mrecc-cor

bress shapely, beauliful 5168, 5263

breth f. a judgment, decree, isna
breathaib nemedh 1298, 4380, 4398
Bretnas f. the British language, Welsh,
Breatnais 633, Bretnw 3208
-ibriathar 1330, brigh

br a word

4482, 4645

n.p.

bri

ocht

PH. 3148
a

f.

verb,

g.s. breithri

do

O'CI.

ocht

H.

(l) a word, reference 50,

(2) a written

n.s.

2667,

2664, ball in

breithir

na

air

bard poetry

743,

d.p. Ir. T.

66, 22

brud

m. a

2670,

iii.

incitements

b.

na

of

3511.

b.

briiising, crushing, ariicula-

3788

bachaill m. a

co^vherd,

herd,

con-

n.p.

con-

buachaill watch-dog 5745,

buachaiUe 5746
a

Laws

disturbance,

uproar,

b.

foranwa 5986. Wi. Cf. buadir-mesc,

C.
barach n. a spancel for cattle, spancel-

can buaraig 5242

iing,

be

well-descended, steadfast,

original,

virtuous, g.s. bui 5393.

buga
bis

C.

cf.

Boii

sound 1072, ar is buigi

forfeudhaibh 4400, 1300.

soft

isna

Sg. 3''I3

buge

n.

bluebell, hvacinth,

bugha 3500.

C.

mbriathra 1+27
brian a ww-/ 5433, 3912.
3.18, p. 624

briathar m.

mighty,

a prologue 3358, brollach 81

baidir

5235

d.s.

Cor. Tr. 22

excessive,

tion 905,

brc f. a lie^ deceit, a.pl. breice 5288,94

brecc m. a dotiing 6010
brecc spechled, variegated, cheqiiered

(3)

a deadh' operation

brosnacha bairdne

2537

bratn a salmon 5599

brtharda broherlv,

isin

'

cumaing brogmoir 5912

bocht, Meir.

brass, bress great^

and

sillaba

bith 559

brann

xxvi. 14

bren(a)im //ro/,

5425-

Metr.

5158

RC.

tiriacfriable, fratl
i-

bricht

adjudge,

ocht

performed by poets on those tvho refused

their demands' 1328,4645.
briamon

Aisl.

declare,

brigtair

brimon smetrach

mbrcht (O.I.

(2) variegated^

a
v.

1428, 4484

mrecht) 5700

braisech

iarsinni

42

Cor.'^

deletion,

out,

bracht (2)

brlf^aim

(l) /a/, mea-juice 1229, 4540

dotting

mbricht ass di raith 1282, 4339.

the fiigh is already lengthening (after

bracht

ass

321

word 1924
2670, 319
brethir 322

'na

prethair

buicnecht

f.

herding,

lucht

na

buicnechta 5473
buidle ? blind A- dall 5440
buidlen ? a uumber, a high nmnber

5440

bunad

origin, basis,

one of the

heads

of definition,viz.,bunad,inde, airbert,
ruidles, dles, indles, coitchend 741,

2665

bricht a f/;a;-w -i. epaid 4540.

bricht a foot or verse of eight
octosyllable

904,

Wi.
syllables,

1218, 4482,3,

1727,

1736; 1233,4, 4550,3; 1414, 1427,

i
mbricht 933
1956
;

810, 3548, 3626,40, 3678

a blind man, caechanogam

cechn m.
5767.

Cf. C.

cem (i)y/r, heautiful, indsge aiccenta

caom 37o8,caimiti 2752, socaircaimiu

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

322
1068,9

(2) a scholar, poet, g.s.

caem-

cara m. afriend, n.s. 5326, 5619 g.s.

comainm carat 5656
caraim / /ove, 3 s. pret. rom-char-sa,
;

shluaigh 2228

caemthuit cluidh

n.p.

2234

cer

f.

berrv,

chaor 4264.

certhand m.
I155

caorthand

2221,

a waj,

f.

for

cei

rowan

4249,62,

Wi.

cairthend 5520.
ci, ci

pal/i,

2225,

for

for

cuir

cai

coe

2233,

2245, coicer cae 2238, triur cae 2242,

oen coe 2250, aen

deschae 836,

cil

ifin

qualitv,

f.

reputation,

for coe 2253, in

che 520
condition,

c/iaracter,

gotha 601,

cail

cailfota

n.s. coill 2828

na caiUe 398, 856, na coiiled
2817,43. rois caelli 1320
cille a division of/and 5IC6
caillech f. a nun, n.p. caillige 5720
beaiitifii/,

cainiu fedaib 5550,

caindeligud 1502,
cainfidh 1183, cainuaighter 998, foltchain 1160, socarcaine 1070

caindeifriges 985,

caindlech

caingen

/uslrous, s/iming-w/iite
hiisiness,

f.

biatne,faiilt

caisacht

question,

5313

trouble

caithim /

consume, spend, waste, pass.

5119;

P-P-p.

caithle

467

canach

cotton-grass, Img-down, b/oom

5620, of wi//oiu,

cat/iin

of

a po^t of t/ie fourt/i degree, d.s.

chanaid 1306, 4629, du canait

2239

cantain

f.

saxing,

pronouncing

bunad) a foundation,
capall, O'Dav. 572

(gl,

-CB.V ioving,fond

of,

basis

cin-car fid tribute-

giving wood 4281, cno-car fer one

fond ofnuts 4279, ith-car fer one fond

of eating 4 2 80,

snmchar
4301

c/vps, s/iavings

cass

quick,

sropu/a,

scopulus

/.

3499

active,

cass

passionate,

ras/i,

cur/y, equat. caisithir

cath panacea

(?)

3499
O'Mulc.

5562,84.

210

cathach

/laving batt/es, war/i/ce 5318,

5350

cathir

f,

city,

monaslery 5268

cim

(i) a pace, n.d. da ceimend 1245

(2) grade, rank, order ; gradus i- ceim
:

3284 secht ngrad immorro \- gradus

grad no gradus ceim ! secht ceimenna
na filidechta, Ed, vii, 6
(3) t/ie
;

uaimm do

fer

one

Anec.

of a quatram,

wit/i

rind 8co, 3590, 3617.

Cf.

cimnigim /

iii.

43,

15,

fond of swimming

pace, graduate,

ceim-

nighthir 991,2

eir f. %vax 982

ceirt (i) an app/e-tree, quert 1185
og/iatn /etler

(2)

440, queirt 441

1184, 4281,7,3

ceitheoram ! ceitheora mna 4709

cendfochrus f, a c/iange of (a) an
miiia/, c, tuis 1985, 4988,
fer, er

972
3813.

cart 5726

carrach 1088, 4083

casnad a u/iit, partic/e, pl. casnaide

t/ie

5624

cano m.

capail

cair-

pl.

O'Duv, 392

caisiu seeing, C.

ros-cathatar

do

/etter,

I182

carr m. a waggon,
carrac f. Lat.

tion in eac/t /ine

5270

visihility, perspicacitv, c/ear-

f.

ness 3265.

eini

c/iaracter,

eachtaire 336, 2687, 4011,2

carpat m. a c/iariot, fidh roith in carbait

airbert of rm, phps. perfect a//iiera-

5124
caire f.

spent

carechtar

g.s. fid

pret.

s.

nocechrainn 534

rochas 5261

5106, tria chail 3774

caill f. a wood, forest,

GkSx\.- fair

(paradigm) 653, 3356

etc.

of fut.

motaitain-as/i,

t/ie

1166,7,

1168,

caer

g.p.

Wi.

1795, 49^7

enchaF,y%nchas 5386 ;
i' cendfochras,
Anec.
/etter

fina/
2172,

5073,

5032

e.g.

ben, /en 5032

/licht i^slicht

22

v,

(b) a

of a word 1947, 2110,

5384,

c.

derid

1999,

2136,4988, 5032, c. deidh 1795 e.g.

fer, fe/ 1795, 49^8
ben, be/ 1851,
nem, ne/ 1874, 5050 dorsci
5031
:

5388, doroisce,

RC.

xx. 152

GLOSSx^RIAL INDEX
cenl m. (i) genus
891

cenela

a.p.

856,7,8,9, 861,3,

in

is

885,7,8,9,

cenel 895, 3777

(2) gender^ sex,

1462, sluind ceniuil 712

cenlach
cerc

a hen, querc 5694..

f,

Cf. Lat.

(juerqiiedula

C.

right, exac, regular,

6033; compar.
go cert 2916

certogam

certiu

Ii3t,

1256,

ining 1474, 4577.

ceirsle,

e.

5816.

cleiv

HSD.
2264, cen

2073, can

c.

gan

grief,

cheass II15, 2035,

2107, cen chessa 2225.

cssad

m.

(i) sufering

passive voice 643, 653,

chesta 161

cest, cesc

from

161

(2)

briathar

g.s.

quevy, Lat. quaestio, 9, as

f.

Lat. sciscor 615

cet-ainm first

first,

I161

cet-iabra

2797,

5649,

xxvi. 32, 145

inscripiion

speech

first

cet-labrad

2378,

RC.

1681,

na-cet-scribtha 1757,

ciallabair no
ceileabar

ctfaid

sense,

perception,

chetfaidsi 2642

d.s.

iarsin

n.p. cetfaidhi cuirp

7 anma 1901
cethar-chubaid Jour-rhymed, having

Joiir

rhyming verse-endings

in

a quat-

raH ceatharcubaid 785, 1937, taibrem

cethor-cubaidh filidechta 7 bairdne
Ir.

3593.

T.

cetharde four
cethair

426,

iii.

15,

6;

22, 26

things, quartette 2868,

fri

ceathardu

1020,

ceathardha 3975. Wi.

cethraime a fourth part 3059, ceathramthu 1448
cethrar m. four persons, a tetrad

cian

riab

lo7tg,

cethre

coli. cattle, cara

cethruimthe four

ceathra 5619

things,

quaternion 3979

cetlach 7^/ 5252.

quartette,

cianaib

long

c.

titne

ST.

Cf.

forna

1757,

cn

claraib

PL

book,

f.

ciarta

4946.

Act. Sanct.

of five velluni

set

sheets,

Ollaman 1204,

Lat. quinio, isin Cin

Cor. Tr. 31

4316,85.

go, cingit 1287,

cinniud m. a

1290

determining, definition
FelP-

1254, 4365.6.

cinntechy?.iv/, definitive 1254, compar.

cinntichu 1255,6; sup. cinniechem

4367, cinntechsom 4368,

son 1258

circumplex

cf.

cinntichu
accent

circumflex

the

1354, 1554,8
cith m. a shower 557

a word or verse of seven

heptasy//ab/e

sy//ab/es,

1425,

1217,

1955,6, 4480

cland

f.

a p/ant,

(r)

meni

tusmed

clanda 628, siladh clann 5652,3

(2)

progeny, chi/dren 5271

clrech m. a

c/eric,

5209

n.s.

n.p.

dim. cleirchn 5203

cl a poet of the t/tird rank, do chli 2235.
clerig 571

T,

/r.

iii.

112

Cor.

cl an app/e-tree, gl. quiert

cliab m,

clithar

u.

she/ter

mbaiscaill

cloch
555

iii.
f.

f.

5219.

4282

basiet, chest, breast,

mac

cleib

c.

5313.

cle
C.

Cf.

car mouse-coloured, darh-brown 5352,

quiar 5699.
Wi.
cartha waxen, waxed, forsna claro c.

Anec,

2238,41,3

ngenaib 1594.

zcarbling, Lat. celebrare

callalde sensible, having a meaning,

no neamc. 3032. C

claidemnas

5489

cingim I step,

C.

Ct-

obscurity 3265.
ca
ciachda misty foggy TSh.
ciallabair reasonable speech (?), a
:

labula cerata,

cess m. gloom, weariness,

cheas

hiun-

O'Mulc. 830

a ball of thread,

f,

mistiness,

C.

before 149.

certach ra^jg^af 6131. C.

certn a kind 0/ music, crooning,
certle

ciacht

f.

cerr maimed., wry 5243.

cert

cia m., cesi f., ced n. who f what f

csi rn 5204, ciasa run 5210
mist,

generic 858, 3736

323

1185, 4282, clithar

5551,2.3.

C.

clithchar,

43

(i)

Lat.

iapis

1086,

4081

(2) cloch (no ael) /imestone 1088

storm, whir/wind 5214,

mra

in chle, Tbc.

chlue

4997

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

324
clen

(i) sloping, inclined, perverse

m. a wrong, cen chlaen

(2)

can

1940,

chloen 5057, cloen 2026,8, 2031,4,5,9

c. ceiUi a wrong of sense 2139, 5100

O'Dav. 49
clen eretti m. a wrong 0/ body or
frame, a change in tlie form ofa word
n.p. tri cloein 2028.

metri causa 5102, claen

creiti

2031,5,

2i3i:e.g.forsiung5i04,fairsiung5i35

e metri

to

caus,

2034,9, 2138

e to

or

i,

cuibdiusa

claen

5086, 5098, 5100: e.g.

5088-90, 5095-7
clenad m. a perverting, falsifying 5099
;

clenre (l) a word

or verse of five
peniasyllable
1214, 1422,

syllables,

(2) perversion of sense,

claenre (no clsen celle) 1694.
/;-. T.

1954, 4477

21, 16

iii.

cloth

cluidh 2233

caemthuit

(2) famous, co clothaib

Cf. C. n.

5284.

fil

ac clusail na muiti 2950, 3392

cnoc m. a hill, lump, wen, knnckle 5014
cn f. a nut, cach ac ithi a chno II83,
d.p. cnoib

cobair

5317

degcobair 2156
a.p. seacht gcabartha 2126
f.

CObflge
text,
i

help, n.s. is

f.

a weaving together,

concatenated sense,

comighib

iii.

end of

337,

2141

coipdi

isin

3388,

the quatrain

2045.

/;-.

T.

30, 6

boat 1603.

/En.

253. 428

428,

five persons, quintette, pentad

five

ihings,

coicti

2870,2,

cuicthi

Chomdiu
.i-

745,

coitide a part, factor 1452,3, 3064,5.

cote emm diuidere, O'Mulc. 258
coitideeht f. partition, division, triana
col

n-airme 3063
n. incest, lust, sin

colg dt

605

tusk-hilted sword, calga

deg

c.

5897.

coll m. (l) hazel 11 53, 4248, 5494,

5519: {^2) the ogham letter c 1182,3,

4280

4278,9,

p.

2895,

1372,3

Proceed.

1273, 4327.

g-s.

Acad.,

Brit.

26

colpthach

firenn

m.

two-vear-old

Laws

bulloch 5755.

(l) a conjoining, connec-

co-ordinating 1900,1, 1924

tion,

an adjunct 3391

(2)

a conjunction

(3)

Z.- 991

com-aentu m.

complete

comaentaidh 5560
com-aimserad m.

identity,

ar

synchronising

Trip. xxviii.

4038.

com-ainm n. a svnonvin, c. carat 5656

com-ainmnigtheeh sy n ny m ons
com-airem
uird

in

5657
a computation, coitchend

f.

comairme

ordinals

851,

3720,9

comairlid m.

counsellor

109,

da

comairlig 1243, comairhb lli, comairiech

4025

n.p. comhairlidhe 108.

comarbae

m.

heir,

successor

5268.

quintette,
fri

comardad

m. a correspondence, rhyme,
c. imcubaidh 3824,

adjustment 3822,6,

coicdi

cuicti

1021,

mmo

iar

c.

4416.

n-airchetail 1009, 3967

Lord,

the

v.s.

O'C,

Lat. copiae, P.
coip [Eg.] 2392

troop,

company,

for aighiph

i>

1353,

m. a corresponding, ad-

justing 10 15, 1353

combrlaid m.

Metr.

5392.

buidhan band,

O'Don. Gr. 415

comardugud

3976

coimdiu m.
coip

380,3,

Fei:^

2238, coiciur I135, coicfhiur 2232

cicthe

use

2763,6

St Mol.

coblach m. a fleet, a
cicer m.

coitchend common

5640,1,3,

con-

text,

n.s.

coibhiti 41 14 ; cobigi celli the same

sense in the narrative froin beginning
to

3528, 3589, couir

fiodraid 3874, achoir n-airchetail 1017

2668.

a ferminatio7i,fna/, ending,

f.

coir n-anala

com-accomal

(i) n. faine, honoitr, g.s.

clusal

a proper arrangement, the right

n.

way

c.

clen cuibdiusa m. a wrong of rhyme,

ihe change of rowel, e.g.

cir

speech,

one

using

the

same

cach comberlaidh 232, com-

berlaib 237, comberlaid 1037,

berlaig 2546, comberla 2551

comm-

GLOSSARIAL LNDEX
combert, compert
Combrec the Wehh
3214.

conception

5272

language, Cymric

Combric, O'Mulc. 266

isin

comcengal

f.

a joiningtogethe)\

c.

comh-fhocul m.
321

(1) a conjunciion
(2) a full sound, nidat com-

fhocail

litrioch

462

comimairclde

com-indsma

2720

comcheniil m.

one of the satne race.

tion at the

cach comcheniuil 230,7, 1038, 2545,

cf de-cheneuil C.

poem of a

comchumung an equivalent, c. cach

focail 1232,

comdl

f.

ae

cocumaong cech aon 4550

a meeting, weet,

cuan

c.

11 77,

comdeach

m.

same

the

verse-foot, n.s.

n.p. 1241
1514, 4609
comdes equally right, equall^ ready,
;

coimdes 5827.

mdijfferent,

comdle

a flooding together, great

f.

the

repeti-

the fitial stanza in

syllahle {or

a part thereof)

of the first accented word occurring at

the opetiing of the poem 2199, 2214.
Ir. T.

iii.

30,

comlintlus m.

perfection, completion,

gcomloinntius 2455
comln complete, nach at comlana 46 1,
1456, ni dod comlana 2922

comln an

together 1020.

a pressing,

hinding

comecar

m. an equal layer, ina comhegur 267, ina coimhecar 2582

comt

a guarding, ieeping, cul comet

comet lachta 5622
g.s. forcomeda, daghchometa, fricometa 1818
604,

comtaim /

guard, keep, 3 s. subj.

manis-comela 5487, muna coimeta hi
rel. is

commann
comna
cuma

e in

n-oll 5664.

Cf.

com-fhrecra an
i

c.

//'.

coir 10 1 3,
/".

comfld m.
vowel or

the

letter,

957> 3950.

's

cubat

30, w.

answering, correspond-

coimfrecru 5460.

com-flalus m.

iii.

lenglh,

C.

relationship 4937, 2721

same or corresponding
cach da cobfid i cubaid
cubaid a comfid 1241,

comfograighthid m. a consonant 375

comfograigim / sound along xuith, ni
comfojraigend 2760

comfograisthech

a consonant 2749,

comhfhograightheacha
368.
Sg. 221*1, 15*4
comforlethan equally hroad, 0/ the
same exient 3400
comgruinidech equa!ly wounding 5580

2760

n.pl.

C.

funciion

condiiion,

Cro

budhein 4729.

1464,5,6,

do coma

dilis

bais

li

tri

modaib i- o
7 o bas 7 o atharach
gnee no o tri tondaib -i- tond fhola 7
cf.

tond sceathraigi, Ed.

228

Fei:-

near, compar. comacsi 2841

comparait

degree

the comparative

f.

644, 695, 729

g.s.

ainm comparaiti

693

comraicim /

tneet, join,

utiite,

re

comhraiget 1418, comraigit 1419

comrm (l) an equal nutnher : (2) the
saiue tnetrics

2023

comroircnigiur (denom. from omrorcon error,

4608

3,

cotnpany,

commutiily,

4566,8,9, 4750,

comocus

com-hilUighe 1900
is

plagiaristn (?) 1929.

tond comna

coimetas 5623
a co-inflection, derivative,

com-fhot, con-fot m. equal

proportion,

to-

on foillgiud i- on chomailt
1756, on coimilt 4945, do cuimilt

2805

1017, I977i

5572

C.

com-fhilltech

eqiial nutnber,

comlin 2114
commailt f. (con-mel) a rubhing
gether,

comdlthad m.

151

end of

in

C.

concourse 5339

ing,

appropriate 592

a rivetting

ier

4273

n.p.

325

err,

make a

inf.

of com-air-orgim).

mistahe,

i^erf.

ro-comraircnicsiumair-ne

p. a-n-

1436,

ro-comraircnigsiomair-ne 4523.

i-ni.e.

Lat. dehita nostra

comrorcu

f.

error,

ati

tnistake,

rorco 1716, coinrargai 4907.

com-shned m. an
equal

duratioti,

quantity,

3791.

equal stretchtng,

co-extension,

comhshiniud

CZ.

iii.

com-

Str. Gi.

18, 22

fri

same

fogur 908,

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

326
comshuidiugud m.

a compound, comcomshuidhigthe 1900,

comsuidigthib 973

Hnation
i

784,

comsiud

1930.

Laws

coimsid,

com-son

sameness

equality^

the

con-gnu /

help, 2

m. (i) stitchtngtogether,
composition, fri comuaim n-uad 3538,
cen comuaim tomuis 3588, 1020 (2)
n.

alliteration

1596, 1600,

3872, 4880, 5363

fidhraidh

c.

(3) correspondence,

rhyme 3946,75
conberbaim / hoil, conberbtar 4541
condail, connail f. an intemal
of two meaninga word, connail

division, the insertion

Uss

syllables

into

5071, 1947, a chounail 4810, condail

condaiU
carbartha 'na condail 2088

2147,

1993,

1501, se

2166,

5317,

e.g. fer, f-efri-er

1801

ben, b-efri-en

nem, n-efri-em 1867 as-goamgilidir 5320

condl f. a meeting, pack (pf hounds'),
conal cuan 5545,6.
condal con,
1843

Anec.

Condelr
parative
;

43

iii.

n.

f.

a comparison, the com-

degree,

in

n.s.

chondealg

662, 687, 698,9, 700,2, 732, in

condelg n-eteichta 2772, is i in sin in

condelg techta 703, ! conndelg nedtechta 2775, condeilg 686, coindealc 2645
g.s. a ngrad condeilg
;

639, conndeilge 3304

d.s.

coneilg

677, forin condelg 693

or syllables (con-gbl, a
of

cmX-Xa^Tj),

C.

cungene

in

fut.

s.

am

adjudge, measure, equal,

able for,

5112,6;

s.

commadair

perf.

pies.

pl.

comiiiter

pass.

1956

connal

a stalk, stubhle,

Lat.

stipula

1701, 4888
scatter,

coscairther I174,

destiov, triasa

4270;

coscrad

inf.

4269

con-slaidim / heat, maie for

cosluidfea

fut.

cusalua

Gr.

ii.

f.

(?),

coslafe

s.

5365,

Ailt.

cossalua,

3876,

Dicht., p. 9.

conson

1603,

Ir.

Cf. com-sla goes, Ped.

816
a consonant,

n.s.

consain 367,

2753, consoin 2750; n.p. consaine, -i

2757, consoini 1387; g.p. tri duail

na consan

na consaine

348,

2702,

2752

consonacht

consonisation 2706, con-

f.

sanacht 2696
achta 2961

d.s. fo

3916
4438

a.s.

an dliged consonconsonacht 981,

a consanacht 1381,

g.s.

teit

consonata consonantal, dliged c. 490

con-tulim I sUep, contuili 5121
cor

f.

a hand,

a urard,

n.s.

ma

chor-a

Fel?

5342.

corc a clan 5261. Metr.

cornairecht f. horti-blowing 1478
corr m. f. a heron, in chorr 54 1,
coiir

in

3224

corraib
srith

the

and

24 poetical licences, ihe

gnise of the Trefocul

the

1944, 5064,6, 5244,81

con-gairiu, con-garim / cry, bell, 3

s. pres. conngair eter da a 1224,4534.
Metr. sub
cong'balach supporting, having constitutranslation

congnam-

helper,

frimm 5358

con-scaraim /

n. 8

comaim

tnts

m. a

aigh echraide 5578.

con-midiur /

same or a similar sound,

comsan 5246
comtoth a couple., union, c. consan
comtath condsained 4925,
1733)
iar gcomtach 3428.
Cf. Hail Brigtt,

668

congnamaid

literal

son

n-

oencongbalach 904, focul oenc. 934,

1534) 3786, 3862, 4756, dechongbalach
934) 3863, treconngbalach 934, 3863.
O'Dav. 381

corrucn small

corner

littU

a corner, AcalL

corr()C

5337.

C.

crus m. an arrangement, /aw

12 12,

4385, 5420
cosc a corrective {medicine), cosc lobair

Laws
Cf. C.
5660.
cosmallligeacht f. a resemblance 5812
costud m. (con-suidim) a restraining,
:

checking,

5543,4.

costad
Cf.

RC.

sida

4270,

xxvi. 24

1173,4,

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
cotarsna

the opposite 5818, cotarsanai

4502

cotut a hardening,

timorcain

of weak svUable

and

follonving accent,

Unition,

loss

de-

consequejit
fri

aicnead no

cind a shortening at an accent or at

an end 5292; I945i79. 2137, 4986,
e.g. fer a chodad 1793, ben
5068
fer
a codut 1840, nime a cotut 1859
a codud 4986, bein a couiud 5025,
neimh a cotud 5043 5287 torthor
:

torathor)

Eriu

5295

5289,

cadad,

viii. p. iv.

crd torture,
crand tree,

crand

Lect.

fr test-tree 11 56, 4250; 1195,

Laws

102, l: St.Crit.,

iv.

shrivelling, cen craip

Cf. C.

cainti 1929.

cress narrow,

slender,

coblach

creas

1603, bachlach cress 5365

:

cloen

5100.

'i-

vtsage, countenance,

a skin,

shell,

crathar a

cneas

aspect,

complexion

.'

also

a destroying, iar crud chuile 5214.

C.

cruittirecht

Laws
crithim /

cruth

m.

how,

f.

cr

the

don crunn crithaig 5590,

a spark 5260

crob a hand, d.s. crub 5398

crn saffron-coloured, amber, nut-brown
i

5669,71,3,5, 5699
a crooning,
f.

gore

chru 1810

pass.

s.

Laws

3802,4.

faggot, hundle, heap

can
can

shake,

caust

1809,

g.s.

5445, cen
1929, qual 5726.
C.

cnam

cuail

can

ese cruthoigti creative 3799,

adj.

army,

fst,

Laws

pugnus

Lat.

5260.

Sg. 50*12, note

a haven 5105

pack or

f.

of ifolves

litter

II 77,

of hounds or

conal chon alladh

C.

ainm

c^x\>8i\.{l) harmonious,

2117

c.

same numher of consonants of

which the closing ones are the same
the

957, 3950;

1241, 1285, 1291, 1512,

a cubit, an

ell,

secht cubait dec

cumat deg 289, C.

a hastening, cudnoudh

2604, secht

cudnud

eich

C.

4296.

suitableness,

ar

cuibdi

32

2315
a part, share, portion

5106

to

cuic

-i-

Cor.^ 300, 388, 698

cuidechtach having

or forming a company 6 1 50
cuilenn m. W/v, cuileand 1153, ii8r,

630,6,
tremble,

lanamain

rn a secret 1305, no coic 4628.

Stowe GI.

cuillenn 5633,5, 4248, quulenn 5518

f.
(i) brevity, cuimri raid

crothas 5260

cr m.

create,

no go gcruthoigther he o
fhogUim 3806 inf. cruthaiged g.s.
pres. 2662,

cuimbre

humming 1474

a cross, g.p. 5364, l6o2

crothalm /

adv.

1964

ainm cro

crnn

as

C.

cruthaigim / form,

cuibde
remhle, shiver, rel. crithes

metal hoop of a lance, socket,

in gai 4717.
C.
(2) a
pen,pig-stye, a cru 5674,5,7.
Wi.
)

?nanner,

shape,

crulh roncuala 5252, 5219.

as,

cuibrend

5260
crithir

a harping, cruitireacht

f.

5799

cubat m.

636,7

crn withered, superl. crinem feada 5658

crithach an aspen 1154, 4250 1195,6.
4298, 5520

voiced')

2039

or rind, P. O'C.

sieve

(i.e.

(2) rhyme. the same vowel flanked hy

a body, trunk,framework,form,

f.

cret

cross

crd

5442
a hard

1073

fri c.

5545-6.

cretcuibdius (l) an intemal rhyme

(2) au end rhyme 3839,40

sound,

host

crap a cramping,

hardness,

as

P. 38

is

A- trefocul

cruas

cal a

4298, 5517.

crett

cran

anguish 5895
musical tree 1479.

323

lii.

327

in

6093

(2)

short

syllable,

arna cuimribh 1556

culns f. ayoke 1287, 1290

culslennacht

f.

a fluting,flute-playing,

quislenacht 5799

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

328
cuit

(i) a share, portion

f.

arilhmetical factor,

n.p.

.'

(2)

coit

aii

1452

d.p. ochoitibh 1444,6, 4494, o quoitibh

3052,

gcoitibh

3053,

cuit graece

3056.

'na

coitibh

O'Mulc.

diuisio,

258
deriding^ coniempt 1935
a guarding, protecting, cul coimet

Metr.

604.

sen 4130

(2) a short, a short syllable

4413, seach in cumair

(3) a summary, sum 1497
cumang power, force of individual
812,

1566

1349,

vowels

965,6

forin

i8m

Cf. Sg.

2887.

cummaim

4313, dobeir
son dia fot 435,

I20I,

cumang fedha

shape, compose, 3 p. pres.

cummait 1937

pret.

immar ros-cum

cumraide

sweet,frarant 5337.
C.
m. a mcving, change 6049

narrow, compar.

is

cumga a

fuirmed 3397

curach m.

s.

pret. rodalus

Tbc.

5390.

not conforming

H.

1930,1.

reproach or satire

ordinary

to

3.

metrics

^^sb

69^^,

18,

.i.

dallfuach, Cor. Tr. 61

dm

f.

a company, party, retinue, cia

dam 2220, ceithri damha

damh as deach 2243, dam thoga

lin

2230,
2248,

da daim 2252
m. a hart, ox 5750, 5842
dn m. a poem, poetry, art, craft, g.s.
a oes in dana 2184, aes dana 2215
ar ilar ndan 2159, ar a dhan 2235
in

dam

dana tuo

dnad

Laws

259.

230

i.

dna,

St.

m.

dative

case

1524,

1532,

dannad 4741, danodh 4973

darignius, darignis, etc. (paradigm)
651

coracle

6135

dim.

curchn 5352. C.
having equal weighi or pro-

cutruma
portion,

5390

meet, tryst,

Crit., p.

cumscugud

cumung

meetitig, tryst

f.

dlim /

danogam 5797

mixed, indsgi qumusda,

cenel cumassu epicene gender 3223

cudruma

indifferent,

1422.

C.

dartaid m. a year-old bull 5757.

CC. Laws
dasa et psile the rough and the
:

smooth breathing, dassien, scilen p.

Gr. Lat. v. 132, 28
Sg.
94, note.
:

cutrummusud

an

m.

equating,

balancing, comparmg 683, 3299.

C.
de, de m. a human being, man, n.s. in
dae 161 5 g.p. na ndasi cen cheass
II14, na nai 2263, Metr.
den, den a man, human being,
dcenogam 5709,18. do gach den,
Anec. V. 23, 2
O'Dav. 342
LS- good, dag duine a good man 5340,
;

Ag-is good hnowledge 580, dagh-fuach

a good word 3 5 70
dagda m. a hero 5183,7. Dagdae a
mythological hero, C.
In dagda one of
the xHiii. staraide Gasdel rochuwsat
leb/^r

n-airise,

n-annalaib, BB. 308

daig

allow, pf. pass. rodt

2004, rodaimed 135
dairt f. a yearli7ig heifer 5766, 2055

1968, rocumsat 1928

cummascda

daimim I grant,

dallbach a rhymed

cumaide common 449, 2909. Laws

cumair (i) short^ forin penuilt comair

domun daigh-

in

fiery,

theach 2206

dl

cuitbiud m. a
cul

daigthech

f.

a
/3

sdaraib,
32: -";?

viii.

aflame,fire 556, 5396, 5403

62

5''io, i'j^i^

dath

(i) a colour, g.s. datha 1171

poetic

colouring,

co

ndath

(2)

5064,5,

5234,44. Anec. V. 23, I, n. : dath -i.

uaire ut dicitiir dath air non-molum,

H.

3. 18, p.

635

d smoke,fume 4291
dach m. a verse-foot ;
f.

number of syllables in the

the number of syllables

in poetry

the

verse, inprose
7i

the

noun

771, 859, 922, 1414.29, 5276,

dech 691, 1213, 1410, 1951, diach

3584,5

1534

1232,

351T

n.p. vii

1409,

ndeich 744, 777, 860,

4550,

vii

ndeichit

(?)

d.p. 778,
4553
922, 1579,86, 1688, 1760; a.p. la
deochu 691
;

g-p.

1235,

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
dad, deod

an end, ajinal, the end

n.f.

of a li'ord iic,T, ded 1546, fo deoidh

1828

329

deime tepide

a selecled nenter

1808, 1853, 1876, 5078, S402

569,

e.g. is

ed ceann 558

debrlcht m.

sisting of a double octosvUable, g.s. in

delb Lfortn,declension\t\\,\']ZiO Z-983

delg a thorn, ara deilghibh II 78, ara

nath debrichta 3712

a set of ten persons,
deichenbhur 2227

delgaige
delidind

a verse-foot, a verse con-

dechenbor m.

dechned, dochned m. a
douhling of (a) the

hi-heading, a

dechnead

initial,

1986 or (b) the final letter of a

dechned deirid 200 r, e.g. tenn

tuis

ziord,

deilgniph 4274
f. thominess
5517
(i) a metathesis (a) of
silochta,

e.g.

sliochta

letters,

5310;

gelli,

gill

2043; (b) of syllables, gossafer,

Fergossa 5314; n.s. deilidi 2133,
dehdin 5308,12,5, deiliden 1945 d.s.
da deilidin 1993, ic delidnid 2086
n.d. da delidin 2164. 9, 5070; (2)
;

5397>

nemm

4992,

fiiT

5050

doich-

ned 389. 390, 1947, 2168, 2777,8,

dechnead 1806, 2113, deicned 2172,
deichneadh 1852 74, dochned 5074,5

dechnada, /r. T.

n.p. 2154, g.s.

decht pnre,

iii.

39

genui/ie, airgid techt 5566.

O'C.

P.

dcsiu

dde

a loohmg

f.

m.

at,

regarding, vietv,

descena 1922
things, a pair 545^, in
n.p.

tivo

dedi sin 2798, deda 425, 1019, 2867,

dedhe 673, deide 2io6

dedlaim /

separate, sever, 3 pl. pass.

deglaiter ar leth 5510

p. pass.

ogam

negladae 6063

defid m.

refer

fer,

1794

deochair

arding defid 3661,

deochr(a)im /

1684, 2696,

I443

d.

deoch-

s.

pres.

nus-

pass.

ind.

pi.

s.

nos-deochratar 523

derad m. an
n.s.

outlaw,

exile,

deoradh 5153

p.

a daicghter, n.s. der

f.

a.s. ailsius deir

eye

deghfogur

1073,

dernu

5319.

stranger,

deoraid 5148

Greco 3087

C.

(i) a grave, g.s. 5383

n.

129S,

2706,

an

sin

dffer, 3

deochrend 3026

diphlhong 343,

deofhogur 1347, do defoghur 1297

^'^'^'^ deghfoghraibh
n.p. 1345
^-V'

is

differentiate,

raides 893, 3775, deochraigter 1254

derc

4769,75-7

defogur m.

ben, neb 1842.

a distincion, difference 523,

f.

deochraigim /

der

tico letters,

Cor. Tr. 126

616, 1429, 3025,

deiscin

n.b.

word bachuards and for-

icriiing

wards,

(2) an

5994
f.

the

pa/m of

the hand, d.s.

do

dernaind 5165

972

sin

defuach
rac

deg-

g.p.

a dissyllahle, d. intan

is

recom-

good, dialt deglemi a loell-leaping

2140; mac De degergna of

ten things, decade, a

ndeichM

s.

s.

differentiate,

caindeifriges 985

s.

rel.

pres. dep. nas-defrigidar

deil a separation,

deilm

dis-

pres. subj. intan deifriche 587

ttnguish, 3

deil degail

g.s.

dethbir

difference, distinction 4371, in

dabul

(i)

rt

1.

defifir

douhle, douhling, reduplica-

1796, benben 1841

the repetiiion

(2)
of accenied words in a
:

quatrain

dei6r 1261, defir 1907

sever,

distingiiishing, excel-

derscaigti 643, 685, 847

tion, ferfer

1022, a ndeicthi 3978

deifir a difference, d. rainni 630, cen

deifrigim /

m. a

655, 685,8, 704, 847

dethber 4493

good wisdotn 2495

deichthe

derscugud
ling 643,

3570

svllable

.eTi\ iceah, feehle, dereoil 518, 2988.

Wi.

973

616

2689

a noise, din, rebort 547.

C.

1945, 5074 ; 1995, 2091,

2151, 2169, 2176, 5321, eg. 5322-5

dall m. a deviating, declension 783,

in

cetna d. 1918,9. Wi.

dl-alt n. (l) a monosyllable, syUahle 759,
1231.

1429,

4549; 1497,9; 835, 1414,7,

904, 1534, a
1454, 4528
;

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

330
dealt

n.p. dialta 933, 1491,

(2) a declension, ferdialt 1829,
bandialt 1857, deimdialt 1858, nem-

1506

1953

dialt

1879

n-etarlemme

dialt

n. a syllahle leap-

ingbetween, interloping ; anunaccented

svllable occurring between
tions

1312,

two

allitera-

1803,

1600,6,7,

1849,

1871, 1982, 2101,4680, 5081, 5362

na

n.p,

diailt n-eter!eime

lond. CedX^th. 5364.

dan

a metre proper

f.

C.

1579. 4655.

4626

e.g,

Lec. 363, 177

M.

a fochloc(n)

to

/r. T.

iii.

112, 162

danalrmide

innumerable 894, a confusion of di- and an-

danim
d-be

/ot, unblemished 5319.

C.

unliving, neuter 583

dichned

n. (l) a beheading,-

(2) the

2777.9. 1947. 2111,68,72, 5074; n.p,

2000,

nem,

1806

e.g. fer,y^
I?

dichned

2149;

derid

ben, be 1852

uncertainty

Gr. Lat.

i.

424,

i,

take away, Lat.

1568

(2) privattve

1887,8,

case

digbl,

1890.

C. 643
556.

5265
dle f.
/En.

prayer, blessing, dighdi dath

difficulty,

ding

and

fil

want, arding defidh

-i.

difficully

which

feuda fodera a

teirce

is

there

is

caused bv a

is

scantiness of lelter 3661

dingbaim / ward
dingaib 2109;

repel 208 1, dos-

off,

inf.

ic

dingbail 5273.

Wi.

dnin dsail
254.

Ogham

the

acceiit

on

js

820,

815,6,

1566,

1544,5,6,9,

1821,3, 2574, 4767, dine disoil 1402,

1569.

1555.9.

3635,6, duir

1571.5,

dinion

disail

n-ait dinin disail 4456,

duir a ndinin d. 4800

dr

due, proper, fit,

deiside 3398.

meet,

robad

dir

C.

uncovering, stripping

5222.

C.
;

g.s.

small, mean, irifling 5377,

y.

V. 31

beloved,

diuidib 747

diite

f.

midiuiti

diupart

fond 547, 5619

g.s.m,

simplicity, Lat. dtgnitas 4217,

want of dignity 4307

f.

depriving,

defraudjng,

deprivation

6074
dxnigur / am,

exist,

docuisnet

-i-

disgnaigter 3261, 3047

dligtech

O'Dav. 590

right,

lawful,

proper,

isna

feadhaibh dlightheachaib 483, 2184,

2953
deluge, g.s. dilend

5263.

diliu,

do-ar-rethim /
s.

dileachtaig
dlies

ding

diit simple 2895,8, 2900, do a seacht

1662,

dil dear,

ihe

doruaraid 2501

demo 582
dgbil f. (i) a tahing away, diminish908,

/;

diuir

816, 3654

f.

gronp, a generation, stoc,

5175.9

6061

or

14, 25

ridgeless, without arris

d-gabim, dgbaim /

dgde

dne a

4069.

d-fuilliud m. non-adding, non-addition

1525,

f.
protection, shelter, n.s. 3574
na gnuisi diten 1978
d.s. dia
nditen-sidhe 1944, do didin 1963
di-ud-rethim / remain over, 3 s. pret.

nemcinnti,

i-

nemtsealpad

weaiiess,

c.

dltiu

d-druim

ing

5148,9-

1535
a word having fwo cjuan-

non-possessive

powerlesstiess,

f.

wani of emphasis, cen d. 1941, 5061,

e.g. amal cech(?)
2053, 2156
5145

drech an

dchronus
tities,

dim-brg

1875; rura 5392. RC. xx. 150

f. two syUahles, two con-

dchongbail
stituents

dead 583,

inanimate,

1916

short syllable, the sign for -which

dropping 0/ (a) an initial, dichnead

tuis 1986, e.g. /epe 390, /eibi 2779,
or (b) afinal letter 0/ a word 389, 390,

na dichneda

dimbeaigthe

f.

dialectics 52, 2339.

C.

proper use 745, 819, dileas

380,2, dilius 2763
the

overtahe, seize, find, 3

pret. dos-farraidh

don 547 3 p.
gnee 888

pret. pass. for a tarrasa tri

pres.

O'D.

subj.

foura diaurrustar

3769.

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
do-ar-sissiur / sland fast, remain,
s.

pres. subj. doairesedar

494

impf.

conas

reach

round,

tacmaing

snechta

ferend

sul> V.

ferna

TP.

493, 21

i.

1960.

dobadi 5159,69

O'D.

s.

destroy, pres.

cut,

pres.

pass.

nodusbenadar 5432,8, nodabenadar

5428,38, dabenadar 5451, nodusben^3^ 5455) nodambentar 5449, nodusbendai 5449
3 s. pret. o rodipad
4338, ar rodipad fuirre 3136
;

dobriathar an adverb 2668, 320

docair hard, difficidt, tronblesome
2016, rodocair 2019.

dochta

2000,

Acall.

gan douchta 4059.

ness,

dochuisin

dchusaigiur / deem

acc.)

likely,

520,

expect,

dodaing

trec 5938, 5933. CC. 2308

unshapely, dodheilb 472
dodraing (l) hard, difficult, doghraing

dodeilb
278

(2) a

difficulty,

a bard of the second class,

1691
g.p. doerbard

djcrbaird
Ir. T.

1590.

derugud
do
2096

prefixitig

word 1869, 1946,

e.g. do-fer 1797,

1980,

do-ben 1846,

s.

pass.

ed

cut, select, derive,

3,

2274

saidh doreipsead

242

eistib

na

berlu-sa

tri

213,

damna na

focul

414

Hdb.

overloohs, exceeds 1935.

ii.

66 (do-for-ad-c)

Thur.

TP.

ii.

/v/.-

do-fo-ethaim I go,
2247.

na

pl. perf.

iarsinni teipiter

dofarce
290,7

duepenar 567, doepenar 568

darepedh 1054, don tebi

rotebed

(nad-

dogentais) 3389

do-imm-d-saim /
s.

shorten,

imite,

pret. dorimtas

117.

SR. dosrimthos 6331, dorimthas

Str.

5973
3 p- pres. pass. doimmthastar,
Sg. 3*3: p.p.p. timmthasta, Wi.
:

PH.
do-im-orgim / compress,
dorimtas

'i-

fut.

s,

unite, shorten,

rotimairg 117
in timarr 2950, da-n-imorr
pret.

s.

dorimart 2397

co timairceter 1078

inf,

pass.

timar-

fri

gain, timmargain 5419

do-(in-com-iccim) / chance, happen, 3
s,
pres. do-eagmaing 1265,8,
do-

ecaiph 4323,6,9. doecam, Eg.

form, fashion, devise, charm,
doilphdi sorodolpset

focail

dalbhdha

dolbha

'i.

'i.

filid 4524.
draoidheacht,

18

4.

domidiur /
domiditer

judge, measure, consider,

1508,

1237,8,

doimiter

742, domiter 954, 998, 1953

do-moiniur /

daer 5340

do-ess-benaim /
is

rotuiU

pret.

do-gnu / do, make, natagendais

H.

107, 14

iii.

m. an enslaving, a

the

to

impf.

s.

impf. subj.

s.

dolbim /

derbard m.
n.p.

dograind

frie

CC.

2593-

3218

3392

variegated,

raise, 3
;

pass. na turgbadis 3389

do-fuillim / add, 3 s.

3 s, pres.

dodochusaigedar 151
difficult,

do-for-od-gaibim /
pass. dourgbad 366

timtasta,

Acall.

fwith

exists

dochuisneat 639, 1545, 1817

dodaing

s.

Lat. coarto, 3

tightness, closeness, niggardli-

f.

increase,

dialt

is

trmach, q.v.

dbdud m. 1281

inf.

Cor.

fer,

do-bidim Idvown, extinguish, 3

do-benaim /

add,

duformaidh 776, 3578

na tormaig 1232
rel.
tormaiges
1569; 3 pl. act. doformaighet 1888,
doformagat
I144,
dofhourmaghat
pass. duformaighet 260
4241
inf.
pres.

do-ath-com-icclm
tachmaic

doformaigim /

doairised 2995

encompass,

331

think,

perf,

pl,

doru-

menadar 150, ar doruimnetar 2454,

dorumunadar \- doshailedar, Ed.

domunda
manda
viii.

don
don

5,

don tidnocul 2733.

Lec.

place, ground, dos-farraidh

547, duin 3182,

gl,

60, besgna doumundanus, Origg.

28

gtft,

f.

ii'orldly

2334,6.

non cedentem,

Cf.

nad

MI,

tairlic

131 ''2;

don
don,
cia

dudfailci don, gl, cesserit, MI, lii'>23

3

s.

Ped. Gr. 716

pres. dofhidh

co dufailced don, gl,

35'=2

don

terra,

incideret,

O'Mulc. 320

Ml.

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

332

druin

donfa(?) 2231
do-od-saisim J
3

nurse, hoard, sustain,

pret. rothaisigh 78

s.

dorar

battle,

f.

Wi.

dorair ndualaig 5241.

s.

arching

a.s.

conflict,

do-ro-saiglm /

reach, go,

stretch to,

3039
573, dorri, T.
(di-ro-od-scuich)
:

I surpass,

dorscaim

excel, 3 s. pret. a

cendfochrus, dorsci<5

RC.

doroisce,

5388.

dorus,

Lism.

929, 1975,85

doss, dos m. a

Ir. T.

2243.

doth

ardam dossaib

bush,

5548,4276
doss m. a poet ofthe

112

iii.

cetoth ( = cet-doth)

5670,1, 5939,40,
5934, ardoth 5936.
Cf. doithid in c, Cor. s. Mugeme
inf. dothad, riu, ii. 153: doth a

rci\^o\h,

bad

litter

Laws

hatching,

indoth offspring,

do-tuitim /
dtaothsatis

draisen

fall,

Triads

RC.
3

p.

inddoth,

fut.

sec.

arna

4674
blachthom

droigen

11 55,

4250; 1192,4290; 5522. Laws

drech f. face, D. na ndrech D. of
many faces or hosts 2205

dremun

sudden,

vehement,

a duan ndremain 2191.

dringtaeli

ahundance 5247,50.
(l) d^'^

word

dil

druideacht
n.

f.

focul 2352, 5441, 2355,

-'i-

elements,

f.

duil

dia

duil

3152

diail

i-

dil a

means, in

526, 623, eter duilib 916,

n-innisin

Duil Feadha Mair

book, isin

Fedha 1198, isin

F^udha 4311, De duilib feda
Duilib

isna

200,

O'Dav. 601, 369, 1286

difficulty 2059

5416,7.

duilgius m. a
duir (i) oak

dur 1153, 5494,

11 80,

4248, 4275,6

dul m.

815,

4274,

the

(2)

1401,

Ogham
1567,9,

1571
P. O'C.

a satirist 500, 2970.

O'Cl.

RC.

xiii.

dnad
2207
g.p.

m. a

closing, close

of poem,

n.s.

ainm gach dunta 2195

do dhligegaibh dunta na nduan

2182
3542,

Lec.

g.s.

a.p.

fit,

dunta 2183
due, compar.

ni

duthcha

Laws

(2) a rising, elevation

salmon 5599.

Metr.

1229.

duana

2711

vigorous,

Wi.

a.p. for

5253

letter

73

Wi.
arris of Ogham,

wizardry 5799-

a ridge, stem.

deasdruim right of stem 94.7, 986,

tuathdruim left of stem 947, 987,
leasdruim athwart stem 948, 988,
tredruim ihrough stem 948, 989,
do
imdruim ahout stem 948, 990
deas in droma 986, darin druim
;

989

m. f. a poem, n.s. 2187 g.s. an

a.s. a duan ndremain
duain 1588
2191, na duaine 2209, cach duaine
2218; g.p. dunta na nduan 2182,3,

dthaig

drcht

0/405, a dualgus 2825,6.

in respect

Laws

the

120: anmounda dringtacha 3930

dron a wren 5694. dreon, St Molig.

druim

of,

dair

relating to advancing, com-

passing, defining, climbing,

drong

a cause, origin, derivation, in

Tbc.
duol coir 2718.
dualus right, due ; a dualus in right

Duili

122

xii.

Wi.

dal m.

duar

Cor.

cpds. indoth finni 5672,3,

litter,

afoldlZ<i, 344, 2697, 2701,3

cona nduanaib 1579;

do dus

fifth rank,

5271.

a place 5381

dal m.

duan

xx. 152

ndorusa hefore 1286.

ndruincland

co

clever,

glicc, Lec.

n.p. duail 342, 2700,2.

dorrae cucunn no durse uaini

fut.

i'

ehad

f.

Metr.

(i) an aspen I196, eba 4300,

-i.

elend 5523, 5597,9, 5600, 5661

(2)
the Ogham diphthongs beginningwith e,
:

ebad 1347, 1358, 1367, I533,8, 1675,

euad 1677, eua 4379, eubhai 4760,
adj. ebadach 5853,
tria ebaid 5430
;

6066

eblud m. a
ST.

rearing, bringing up 5446.

GLOSSARIAL LNDEX
Bbra

IleJneiv

the

f,

Hebre^v,

oiigue,

2281, 2311, Eaphra

n.s.

Ebra 3765
hEpra 2716

ebrn

d,s.

2459; g.s.
Ebra 353, a

iron

Cor.

4542.

O'Dav. 1026

Tr.

eabron pan, cahiron,

a false gender 1942, 2067, 2173,

ecenelas 5060, 5201
e.g. dii
;

ces m. a

poef, sage,

eiccius

n,s,

heigius 2794

a.s. la

2795

2263;

eices

gei

-i-

d.p.

e'csib

d'

cride ecis

g.s.

gP- na nd-egeas I114,

n-eiges

can ceas, aircetal

na

2120.
-i-

fili-

decht uo uasal cantain, Ed.

ech-fhlesc

horsewhip,

f.

horselash,

n,

satirising,

CC.

n.s. 5252, oc ecnuch 1333,

cen ecnach 1934, 5184,8. Wi.
ecnald m. a learned man, philosopher,

lasna hecnadaibh 2335, hecnadu 47.

Wi.
cnaigim / satirise, egnaigeas 1334.
Wi.
cndairc, cnalrc (i) ahsent : (2) a
past tense, an absent for a present
1941,

can

2161,

2056,

5057,

5171

ecnairc

fri

At-Ba

e.g.

5173.5. 3215-8

cnuad

detraction

1935.

cndag,

O'Mulc. 357

comalm

a false

2064.6, 2170,

allileration

ecomuaim

1942,

ecommuaim
fidraid

5217

overlaying,

menting, g.s. 1930.

ecsait hollow of

adorning,

orna-

Tbc,

protection,

shelter,

fo

fosgadh 2845. O'Cl.

edad (i) an aspen : (2)

edh

i-

Ogham

the

e 1195,4298, 5591, 5656, edad

i- eu 5522.
O'D. Gr. xxxii.
edenn itiy, edeand 1188,90, eidheand
letter

4286, edind 1197.

O'MuIc,

honeysuckle, gl. uilleand 11 97,

4301,3, 5524, 5605,6, eithlend 4302

f. a billhoot, epit 5728.
St. Crit.,

O'Mulc. 407
p. 33
eireteacht f. heresy 61, 2349
ela swan 5696. Ir. Gl. 509

eladnach

artistic, trained, professional,

fiiideacht

eladu

2462,3

e.

art,

f,

cecha

craft,

skill,

healadna

4940

do

g.s.
;

fis

cen

a.s,

eledain 1751
elecampane, woodbine 5523, 5660.
Hog., p. 31
elet f. a hind, doe, elit 1185, eilit 4282,3

elend

elg nohle ! oirrderc 2517, 2294, 3541.

O'Dav.
ellach n. (l) a union, comhination, composiion,

n-elluch focail 902, 3780,

(2) a 7>ietre, n.p. vii

25 ''13:

primeillge 743, 3510

g.p. i n-anocht
n ellag 5224 d.p, dona vii primell;

gibh

1686.

knee, hough 1854, esgat

f.

Ir.

metj e proper

ind

T.

iii.

28

28,

e.g.

5192-5

-want ofpotuer, weaJtness 969,

970,7, 1205,7,4317,8

fre, fo edh 4 teine 2844.

Metr.

ed,

to

a cano, eamain

emain 3673.

Ir.

T.

iii,

112

emancoll

Lor. Gild. 180, 4

5059. 5190- 2060, 2163

emain
1578,

cse f. learning, poetry 2007, 5244. Wi.

cuibdius m. a false rhyming 1943,

O'Dav.

1195. 4298.

O'Dav. 765

5215,6

cumans

1470,8,

762

Sg.

5061, ecomfaim 5212,

cor an

ed

reviling,

blasphemv,

frecnairc

eiplt

echta/^/v, d'eochtaiph 2686.

cnach

mo

extent,

cc.

edlend

Wi.

echlaisg 4297,

5035.

a space,

ed ^;-//f/, ed uath

5205, di 5211

e.g.

ed

-i-

mo a
fedh a n-airdi 4575, ria head 2175.

67

eenel

5895

ed dliged 2730, 1479, 4577,

maith a edh 2823. Lec,

A-

fo fedh

treith a ed 1476, f-edh ae 407,

O'Br,
cau

ed law

333

douhle

c,

emoncoU

{\)witch hazel . (2)

4421,6,

1364,

coll 1370, 5613,

emilt

amancoU

Ogham

5526,
1365,

5612,

emun-

eamancoll 1372
637

prolix, tedious

emnach double, twin 5907

emnad a doubling 439, 2890,
Lat, dualitas \2ii.

1373,
Sg. 3 "II, 16^7

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

334
emnaide

(i) doubled, coll

a doubling, a

aurland 4699

e. 5526
(2)
dec emnaiti 4518,

se

indicating

emoncoll ar a n-emnaide 1364

emnaim

doufile,

fiollowing ;

pass.

pres.

s.

emnaither 4422
nalrecht f. a fowling 5803.

eungradus

1722,

Sg. I24, 3o''i6, 61*5

enistrafen

-i'

v. anastroprie

ernail

a mberla

Lat.

charm, bricht

veneficium,
i^

a philtre,

epaid 4540.

TP.

1557

g.p.

592
escop

Fel?

5267.

r
er

d.s.

noble

i-

Metr.

eur uasal 2689, 2694.

a beginning, er gach toiseach

i,

O'Mulc. 414:

O'Br.

rchoiliud m.

erchra

a withering aivay, decay 4299,-

elide, 3 s. pres.

cf.

ric

destroy,

co n-irdiphand 3920

distinguished 5589,90.

Gor.

esse

(l) speech, expression urlabra

635: (2) a composition, da locht deg

hafit, shafit

Z?

of spear,

657''),

aibgitri 5513, 1751,3,8

is

wn

255,

cf.

na

for set

the

meaning

strongIy influenced by (2), 896,7,9,

3778,9, 3781.5,7Cor. Tr. 70 ;

911,3,

piscis,

i-

esoce from zodiace

sign

(sc.

zona).

Pisces,

of the zodiac, repre-

sented by two fishes tied together by

tails,

>

RC.

reproduced in the Oghara

<

Cf. Origg.

(?).

XXX. 416
eisi

(2) Lat.

adbarrda

3800,4, eisi cruthoighti

'esse,

iii.

45

essentia

causal

esse

c7-eative

esse

3799, 3803,5. SR. 25

-i- uasal 1325, etaill 4642

etall no/de

etardefrigim /
friges

spear-bed, aurlond 1621, erlonn 1704,

Lec.

accent on final double

(i) a zone, track (vix subst. esse

f.

status, iocus,

arris

Wi.

na hirlabra 1943
erlonn f. m. (l) a

3368, ernaili

airnnin 4802, q.v.

3798,

f.

p.

esba uselessness 628. Wi.,

esca moon, eusga mar Luan 3533

the

a fine, penalty, cia heraic 2193.

erlabra

817,9, 1357, 1547) airnin 2576, nion ar

Wi.
f.

fuasgladh 2729,30.

Ogham

the I2th

Wi.

airdbafea'4338, urdip/a/4322

ergnaid

-i-

esse ab esoce

definition 3443,5

er(ar)-dl-bidim / submerge,
inf.

ihe

903)5.7,9,

ercro erlapra 4724.

division 2046,

species,

lengthening, the sign fior tvhich

red, spechled 5701.

earc,

insce

consonants markitig an apparent vowel

2270.

ur, Metr.

erc

urlonn

5077,

kind,

f.

eirnedh

ernin

349) 350 385, 2711, a dichned, epe

i' tepe 390.
Laws
episcopus, bishop,

indsci

imchomairc 1925 partiiiones, Gr. Lat.

iii.
earnal i- gne, BB. 302,
459
margin
erned m. an opening, analysis, explana-tion, a oen erniud 357, 1248, ed aon a

ii.

248, 7
pe a cutting, apocope, selecting, selection

epert f. a word,
epscop m. Lat.

irlond

ousel A- lon 5601

f.

1632,5,

d.p. ernailib 1893

Laws

enasc
epaid

1626,7,

1949, caiti int eurland

1949, 2174, aurlond insci 21 17

tree, iobhar ! eo barr

semper 4300, 5130, eu 5523. Aetr.
elach leamed, shilled, im eolach 2027,

roeoiacli

ceitheora

erlond

e a yew-iree, a

5470.

numerals

the

ceithri

n p.
a.s. fri hurlainn 1633
urlanda 1624,9, 1631, 1717, aurlunna
1714; d.p. urlandaib 1624, 1634;

4893

ennacosse Sampi 900, Gk. fva.^cnoi,

TP. ii. 285, note h
p. 86.

eolaig 2003, fer

teora,

tr

585. 5934)
714, urlonn

'i'

greim

greim
4912.

d,

noun

the

ofi

comprises the pronouns

it

1625,9; aurlond no insce 1703, int

aurlonn indsci 1705, ised, isi, ise 1876,

naire,

Din.

enech honour, honour price 1334

engracus place, effect, ingrecus

gender

ed 618, 1623,4, and

(2) a preceding luord

the

895

inf.

differenliate,

etardeliugud m.
tinction 845,

915

etarde-

etardefriugud 914
a distinguishing, dis^

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
etardeochraiglm /

distinguish

be-

ween, etardeochraigiiis 3777

etarderrscaigiud m. a distinguishing

915

etargaire
gaire

(i) Lat. comparatio^ etar-

f.

ar

2774,

847,

850

d.p.

(2)

740

640,

is

frecras in condelc

586,

3280

3276;

etargoiri

n.s.

inflection^

848,

643,6,

587,

deismeracht

na hetergaire 3437
etargnugud m. an interpreting, interpretation, etargnaghudh 845, etargnougiid 3282, 3374
etargradimus (phps.

gredimur

tve

Lat.

inter-

separation

intervene")

foruaslaigeach 844, etargreim, E.

foruaslaigthech 3716. Lec.
i-

etarsgarta

parted,

berla

separated,

n-e. 210, 1317, 2526,

techta

4635

-improper, unallowahle 2772,5,

edechta 378

as subst. isinn etechtu

662, in etechta 732

ethaim I go,Jind,
2740
Ped. Gr. 716

etait 363,

ethar

f.

boat,

s.

guth-

ogam

do-etait 363.

n-eathrach 6133.

Lism. 2227, 4795, 4825,

tlg

hateful, hideous,

p,

base^

310
ugly

Wi.
2066,

aigned n-eitig 3130

etir (in-ta) is eidir 3008, L. hetir !
etis B. ivhich are found, i.e. lahich
might have 5423. Cf. Ped. Gr. 838

tiud clothing, vesture, robe 5584. Wi.

trad eathradh 4213 L. dualias conjugalis, MaroSg, 18
trocht glancing, bright, luslrous, rohetrocht 5107

truime

faiscre Lat. galmarium 1083. \- cise

no mulchn cheese, O'Cl. LJsm.
farcha a mallet, n.p. na forchai 147,
na forchuda 2440
fsach n. m. a commentarv, g.s. fasaigh
:

337, 2685; n.p. fasaige 1303, 1337,

fasoighe 4620, 4651, fasaigh 4624
fth a garment, co^ering, shelter 5142.

O'Dav. 855

fthach

cleverness

thach

-i-

916
f f alas

fecht a

! fe fe flesc

4299,

2315, 2943

Laws

a stone \- onn 5651

fedil constant, steady 2135
fedim / lead, send, put, 3 s. pres. fedoid

2595) fdaid

pronoun

with

2737,40,

280

fsete

ipv,

uirre

3148,

fedm

1156,

Three Med. Gl.

4250.

an

effort,

function

5034.

foir,

littering,

falrcle a knee-cap,
5035.

titter

1853,

O'Dav. 360, loio

Tbc-

f.

for

glun 5008,

Acall.'}oi,,

2007, 5556.

fgaim /

look on, regard, fegthair do

thaebomnaib are regarded as conson-

ants 5457
f. heenness 5194.

fge

fge, fice a

Fel?

window 6l02.

ridgepole,

(juia

praestat lucem domui, Cor. Tr.

81

Ir. T.

f.

iii.

a feas,

2221,4, 2240

76,

RC.

hospitaIiy,
;

d.s.

im

feil

f.

120

xiii.

feacht

feili

Eoin 3837

5192

fith a sinew, feich 1815.

fair a bearing,

feithlend

Laws

feelinn a seagull 5693.

fsher, Wi.

co cuibdius

4771,

C. 82

feis

f.

fead
pres.

s.

affixed
s.

feudhair

3153,

feghair 4777
fedlend honeysuckle

g.p, file

f-aicit an accident (?),

1932. aicid, C.

antan fedhair a hindsge coir

pass.

faebrach keen-edged, sharp 2133

fed f. a crv, faidh 1486,4594, fid 5131
foilenn king-

feth

fedem

fil

lightness, delicacv

v.

O'Dav.

cf.

company on a journey^
Wi.
2221,4, 2240,7.

journey,

for feacht feili

cf.

fath

2249.

gliocas, O'Cl.

2253, 2 p. feithith 2240

take, 3 p. pres.

335

a pig,

soTv,

n.pl.

feisi

4543.

A/etr.

Cf.

Laws

fel poetry 3306, 3310,1.

.i- igsi, O'CI.
fele/o,//-v, fele ai 3308.
Cor. 7V. 74
fle f. honour, uprightness, modesty, feile

dano indracus 3309.

Wi.

feles a word or verse containing four

syllables,

teirasyllable

1421, 1954

1214,

4474

GLOSSARIAL LNDEX

336
fellsamnacht

philosophv

f.

53,7,

do uiledetaidh
na feallsamnachta 2339
2341)5.8, 3307

g.s.

fellsumh m.

Lat. philosophns^ a philosopher 671, fellsamh 670, 3307.

Wi.
felmac m. a yonng sudenl^ pupil 331 1
;

dim. fjslmacn $34.

O'Cl.

femder

virgin

Cor.

Tv.

ogh-ingen

607, 3088

femen

woman

heing

was

she

champion, O'Cl.

femen

feminine gender 522, 603,6,8,

610, 620, 1714, feimin 3025, 3085

fenchas v. senchas
Pne, Plne the ancient

/rish, berla F.

Fene i- do rad dib

Fenius Farsaid, Hy. ii. 40 n.
Pnichus m. the old Irish laus, customs,
and language, n.s. in Feinechus 4622
2525, 1302.

d.s. isin F.

7cithered /oo, or trunh

1160, feochuos 4255, feocus 5528,32.

feochta, feochad, Din.
wiiher, Lism.

felairecht

.'

f.

Anec.

iii.

feodaigim

43
hutchery

Jieshiness,

5215,20
feoru s a spindle-tree 1155,4250; 1196,
4301. Lavvs

feraim I give, serve,

pres. feraid + pron.
fertom
it

it

serves

me

supfice, fit (?), 3 s.

ist

and 2nd

sing.

1618, 4691, feartot

serves thee 1619, 4692.

428

Cf. Thur.

firim, Din.

ferda manly,

masculine 1463,4, 1503,

Thc.

191 2.

fernn

(i)

f.

an alder,

air is

in

fern

fern

1154, 4249, fernn 5494,

5622, in fern 5536
(2) the Ogham

5537,

oulc 3312, 1421.

fi

fadach

^7;i?,

caill

fearn

sin

isin

flchim /

domun
fid

boi/,

Three Med. Gl.

cona

f.

the biggest

cur-hrier

4295.

dia fich in

pres.

s.

2204,6.

VVi.

m.(i) ww/ 853,4,5,6,7,8, 1182

a vowel 917, 1340,1

d.p. 764,

0/

the

structure,
alt,

1343

(3)

one

letter,

an Ogham

leiter,

7 heads

0/ accidence or
deach, rim, forbaid,

i.e. fid,

fidhout 4251.
fidach copse,
hrushwood, Lism. : Blog.

fidba

(2)

919

a.p. frisna cuic feda

feadha 769 ; g.p. feadh 769

fidat hird-cherry (?), fidhat

hedge-hill 5725.

fidbad

n.p. feda

innsce, etargoire 739, 762,3

//-.

g.s.

II 56,
shruhs^

Gl, 797

wood, for fhidhbait 818, 3644.

f.

Tln:

fidrad
3879

vowel

coll.
;

letters,

g.s. couir fiodraid

letters,

n.s.

3874,

cen

ecomuaim fidraid 5217, 5363. Cf. co

n-imuaim fidraig, //-. /. iii. 29, 12
fidrad freccomail an alliteration heiween t/ie /ast word of a stanza and
t/ie first (stressed") word of the fo//owing stanza, fidhrad freucuomail, e.g.
/ound. Cie /euth 3879, comfhuaim
T.

iii.

filidecht

5514
doghrier,

relalionship,

Laws
flannamailcecheterdarai

fhidraid 5363.

ferrdris a

fiadha 4545

litir

1747.

/;-.

i-

Metr.

ani aerais 669,

6093

2392
fialus m. hindred,

fernas

fern

fi

hunting, for fiaduch 113^

fernd 1168,9, 4264, airdibdad

ferna 1283, for ferna 1281, tucad o
letter f,

5538,

Cor.

1.

aimrar, Metr. 4
toothlihe

honour, g.s.

f.

260

633

feochos having

5651.

u'ord in Gaelic 1435, 1740, 4523

fiar croohed, awry, co fiar athwart 5788

191

g.s.

a ournna 331

fi

f anger, indignalion,

fad

saire

79

iaclach

seach ba fmen ba feindidh

besides

venom,

poison,

3308.

i-

Tr.

74

Cor.-

7.'e,

606
Tr. 75
feth smooth, sup. fethim
O'Dav, 1004

f had,

606

feme Lat. rirgo 606, 3087

femen flesc, q,v. 610. Cf.
bean

ferthain Lat, p/uvia, rain 4220

fth 'i. fe
alas ! 4294,9.

5798

860

f.

g.s.

Cf.

Fe/."-, p.
14 x :
30 y
the art of the poet, poetry
vii ndeich na filideachta

29, 24

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
fillim Ifold, bend,

4474
ni

d.s.

3596

788,

filltir

4475

inflect^ 3 s. rel.

impf. subj. filled 4474

1638

ffilliud

1664, 4732, isna

n.p.

1541

filltib

m.

filled

inf.

fillis

pass.

3788
dealba

fillti

part.

pass. fiUti inflected 905,

filltech (l)

1641

injiected^

m.

(2)

1660
filltiugud m. an
filltigh

filltecha

1656
oenfilltech 1668
infiection

n.p.

a preposi-

vtfieclioH,

fn L.

ifin q.v.

5669,70

muc

Metr. Dinds.

5701.

findcholl white-hazel
fine

afamily,

f.

milch-sovj

finn

finni 5672,4,7

g.s.f.

irfind

42, 20

ii.

42

llS(>,

trihe, g.s.

2286

H.

from

xxvi. 16

flaithius m. a
flaithiusa 1122

flann
flesc

perfections of

d.s.

an Ogham

a strohe or score for

letter

or part thereof 964,

976

femen

flescda

fodail

i-

Lat vimen

610,

flesc

sheliered,

610,

delicate

3089.

doib 1244
fodb n. arms,

fherinsce 576.

479,
Ascoli, cccxxxiv.

fo-

attach, seize, catch, 3 s. fut.

fombera 5343

fo-chanaim / sing
TP. ii.
5235,46.

290, 7, 8, 9

focheird

ocert

2914

throws,

5143

to,

brec

s.

p. pass.

fochanar

pres.

learning,

f.

fo-gliunn

bliadhna na

vii

o rofoghlaimet na

Laws
learn,

',

s.

pres.

s.

fut.

Triads

^-

pret.

pret. pass.

move, disturb,

fon-gluaisi

disqiiiet,

1225,

4535

fotgluasfither

pass.

subj.

fut.

s.

Wi.

rofoghlointi 2454.

foglaisim /

impf.

s.

nofouglainnedh 3999
nofoglaindfedh 1045

Wi.

destrov, 3

s.

pass.

fograigim / sound,
2820

fograided

2750

Laws

Cf.

voiced 906, 3788

send, 3

2759

382,

dia fograigud

inf.

451, 2823, 2914.

fogurda

pres. fograigim

i s.

pres. fograigit 368,

s.

s.

pres. nos-foidend

3 p. pres. fuidhit 359,

pass. rofuidhedh 1041,

pret.

p.p.p.

guth

fuiti

359,

382,

2736, fouiti 2758

faiti

foilchesta

the composite

qu, ng, sr

Ogham

letters

429, 439, 2874,8, 2893,

2902,4357
foillgiud (fo-sligim) a smearing 1756.
Felr Eriu vii. 194
:

5131,

focertad 451,

5348.

fogouar 5224,7

6062,
fofis

fadb 5395
damage, d'fhoghlaib

foghlama 2477

iar

division, for fodailt

O'Dav. 929

foglaim

2736

fo-berlm /

fid

pass. fodailter

s.

spoils,

injury,

f.

2544

well-footed

5105,

divide, 3

fodailt a dividing,

fond

fochrotha

anma

Laws, sub

feda shruhs 1151,5.

fod(i)lim /

maith 2822
580, 1421, 4476,
in compos.
2844,5, Die 3341
-X'

fochosach

561, 587

n.s. fogail in

n.p. fodla 2005, fogla 5490, fodla

fidim /

O'D. 870

flesc afence, hedge,

f good

a division,

f.

d.s.f.

O'MuIc

fod Lat.foetus 1479.

399,

flesc bun fich a root offighting, Metr.

E. 13

5932
foplach having words 2133
ilfoclaig 1558

fo-gonaim I wound,

Wi.

line,

a rod,

jenfleisc

co deredh

o fhlaithius II2I

red, blood-red 5698.

f.

cosmail,

i-

reign, g.s.
;

Cor.

slightly hent

hilberlac 216.

625*

18, p.

3.

fo-chrom

Laws

foglaimim / learn,

fiss m. kiiowledge g.p. fess 2237

fu worthy, worth, like (with accus.)
5231, na feo air coindelc (?) 3728.

RC.

112

iii.

2124.

3664
Wi.

arin bfoucal fir-dinggeas

fisid Lat. sciendum 3523.

Cf. a forbthib fio

Ir. T.

fogal

finemain f. a vine-tree 1186,7, 4284,5

fr-dinggim / truly press, compress,

goodness,

do fochlocain 2252.

the seventh rank,

6064, secip ni fodhlaidir 456

5434

find, finn white,

fochloc, m. dim. fochlocn a poet of

5772

tional case, n.p. filltigthi 1515, 1637

337

foimtiu

f.

a consenting, allowing, ad-

imtting, for oimdin

4426.

Laws

na focul 1370,

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

338
foirbthe

complete

perfect^

1414,

592,

airim forbthi 1445,6

foirim /

help,

for-brg

cen

overstress,

3 p. pres. foirit 2170, foiret 2171

sec.

2054, 2158

nosfirfed

sjllables of

uile,

nasfurfead

s.

5164,

foirithnech helpful 2647, 4404. Laws

fo-lnim / make full^ supply, multiply,
nfuillter

4494
folliucht

nach

1444,

fuillter

e.g. in

cension, iar fuilliucht aili

1361, 4503.

Wi.
foltchain having iJuhite hair 5529,32
foluach m. a small whaie (?), n.p.
foluaich

(fobluaich)

5933.

bloach,

folud m.

forbriste brohen

hide,

cindas

conceal,

2008

fhailgit a n-ulcu

folach,

inf.

caingen falaigh 2185

fond m.feld, land

fo-nialus
2835

for

fonialus

additional or diphthongal

for-dm

a great company or party

f.

2236

fordingim /

compress, 3

forfhid

1342

930

d.s.

Fel?
accent,

n.s.

is

forbaid

1575. 740, 810,2,5,7,8, 821,2,3,4, 924,

g-s.
1406, ag
1544, 3633, 4767
fuacra na forbaidi sin 1561, ig incosc
;

forbaide

sin

1563,

fuirbhthe 907, 3789

n.p.

scribtar

foruillid

4796
forglas

a.s.

esse

1568,
fri

forbad

na forbaide-sea

5671,3,6

d.p.

forbaim, forbim /
3

s.

nachas-forband

4519
6036.

complete, perfect,

pres.

2122

forbaid

812,5,

rel.

forbes

pass. forbaider 253, forbaither

Gor.

pres.

s.

forfuilled

inf.

g.s.f.

oc forglais

d.s.f.

shutting up, g.s. foriata

Tbc.

3327.

PH.

forinnsce added gender 574

forleithe breadth, comprehensiveness

la,

2276, 2316

formarius
in

many-faced, vigilant 3642,

Dignitas in Monasteriis.

811.

bonis

sit

forma,

monachis vitae suae

luceat,

potius

siu

spiritualitati

fuirmthe 5036

fill up, 3

Cf. Tbc.

aptus

forbaidib 820

to,

dark blue 5669

blue,

forglaisi

5934-

/ add

1565, 4796

1551, forbaidi 4768, a forbhthi 1817,

1340, in

additional letters 6112,6, 6121,5

fuirbthe 1545, 1878, forbthe 1855, a

fuoirpdai 5005,

n.s.

forfeda

inclusive, 697,

an

fri

1344,
549I1 5510 gp- na forfid 5417
d.p.
do forfhedhaib 765
forfeda
(2)

1587, iar forbu 1735, co forbu 519, do

f.

n.p, na

foriadad m. a

forbau 1305.

pres.

s.

ardingim

v.

forfid m. (i) a diphthong,

a forba

achieve,

onomatapoetic,

facticious,

ainm f. 1614, 4697. Sg. 30 '^I

forcraid excess, oenflesc forcraid 5872.
Wi.

f orfuillim

focul forba anaile

906,

group 5676
foril an excess, addition 2778. Wi.
forba an end, completion, n.s. a forpa i
nguthagaiph 3006, 3003
g.s, do

articulate

CC.

5105.

nullity,

slight

foraicme an

1951

up,

3788

fordnta foreclosed, fore-enclosed 6086

substance 912

fo-luigrim

na

with no elision

so betha 5162

fourbaid fordingi 3647,

O'Cl.

forbaid

chena, are stressed to

line,

before vowels (?)

forcmachta
(fo-slicht) track, version, re-

5062, 5155,
5157-9 the last

1941,

f.

begin the next

5238

nocho

812,3,

overemphasis,

overstrength,

f.

pass. foirther 2114, rel. fouiiius 3402;

fut.

forbeoidh

vivify,

3635-7

pres. foirid 3637,

s.

forbeim /

sit

qui

ratione

qui

Qui

caeteris

prae-

monachorum

invigilet.
Senior qui
ad lucrandas animafe, qui

super monachos omnino curiose intendat et sollicitus sit.

Ducange

formcesta

f.

2902, teora

composite

foirmcestu

4359
foi'molad m. (l) a

Ogham
no

letters

imcesta

belauding, hyperbole,

superlative degree 645, 3268

(2) the

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
addition of a syllahle, on, to a luord

1945, 5067, 1991, 2082, 2151, 2164

e.g.

fer-on 1793, ben-on

on 1859,

fir-on 1983,

1839,

nem-

gand-on, ann-on

fortud

invocative case (?) 1522,

foruaslaigeach

pres. forofoglaid 282,foro-

fossugud m.

divide, 3

s.

foglait 2597, 3

s.

pret. forfodail

p.p.p. forfogailti 4024.

Laws

division,

fororc m. a

fofodail sui-

Str. Gl. 6,

2473

20

5937

\-

f.
844,
fuasglad,

Cf.

loosening,

resiing,

sub

Lec,

edargraidimus
halting,

ic

fosugud o focul co focul 1595, 4675.

Tbc
m. (l)

n.

581

length, in fad as as

far as

(2) a long syllable 1339, fot n-

aiccenta 4374
g.s. fuit 824, 1353,
fuid 1552
d.s. for fut 812,4, 1564,
;

forrach a stretching -i. rigi 1330, 4646

forrn (l) aggravation, anger, oppresbuaidir foranna 5986
comparative degree 645, 3267.

sion, violence, g.s.

(2)

forran

frbrised, Triads, 186, gl.

forrgim /

injure,

co forrgidis

hurt,

1332,4647. Wi. CC. 5681: Aisl.

fors chance iTj, 733, 2773,4,5,8. -i.
:

TP.

toceth,

xviii. 15, I

forsail

362

ii.

.i-

O'Mulc. 579, 578

totaim,

casus
cf.

-i-

Origg.

f.

forsail

s 1405, 1573,
forsail 1820, sail a n-inad

sign of -which

gai ind fhir

is

4459, forsail for fout feudhair

4771, scribthar
813,19.

for fot

1546,
fodaib 1536.

sail ar forsail

1356,

1546.8,

4803,435,

1556,9,62,4,5,

upon

Sg.

3652

foutaiges

1072

d.p. forna

12

5 9,

iarsinni

fattugud

dia

inf.

4354

fotha m.

a foundaiion, basis 687, 690,

Wi.

2735,58,9-

fothalgim I foiind, fothoigim 2819;

s. rel.

fothaiges 814

fothorand

a suhordinate part, suh-

f.

division 1897,8, 1920,1

foth.VL.fundative case 1524, 1662, 1786,

Wi.

Cf. feinne fothud,

1885, 4982.

fothugud

m.

positive

foundinfi,

degree 644, 657, 3267

foxul

3634,5, 4769,93

fat

fri

fotach long, n.p. fotaig 4378

fotaigim I make long, lengthen,

the accent on a long svllahle, the

Ogham

for-t

intervenin^,

foruaslaigthech 3716.

fot

5677,8; dim. fororcn

^o<'

an

dominating, etargradimus
fuaslaicteach

1652,

1784, 1884, 4981

tormach siUaibe (ilormolad), Cir An. ; RC. xx. 150

foro-fodlam and for-fodlalm / snin

5284,6.

339

ablaiive

case,

foxal

n.s.

4741,

II3, fordota 4003,

4237,9, forsata 156, forbid 81 1 ; 3 p.

foxaul 1522, foxla 4754, foxlaid 1882,

g.s.
foxlan 1645, foxlacha
1890

foratuit

1647, foxlada 1661,7

is

impf, subj. 3

II46,

fordotait

244,

forbeiih

s.

fortciud m, a

2559;

2419

covering,

1677

obscuration,

2774 g.s. berla forteidi 'i. fordorcha no ruamanta 1323, fortcidi

4640,4621. fortuigim, Tbc: fortched,
RC. XX. 148, X fortchide, Ml. 29"! 14,
tre

f.

fortgaidi, 90"^ 2

fortgellaim /
3

s.

gelW/2794.

fortrmach

2795;

pres.

P^ss. ni fort-

n.

aiph 2510,1

f.

n.s. in

id.,

heath, heaiher,

fraoch 2834, 1157,4251

cona fortormacht-

II95

(2) hair, mane, fraech frithrosc 5994,

Metr. : Fian,
6008

frecnarc
iii.

interrogative case 1886.

133

<*/

Gr.

seq.

frecndairc, frecnairc apresent person

or tense 1942, 2056, 2l6l.

Sg.

fregarthach m. an answering

-^"^-

an addition, a supernddition, g.s. in fidh forthormaigh

1735,7. 4928, sillab fortormaigh 2968
fortormacht

frech, frech m. (i)

Lat.
declare, express,

forlgellaid

d.s. ina foxlaid

co foxlaid 906

a.s.

responding

to,

equivalent

167''

to,

1085

corn-P^

freacarthaich 1090, 4084

fresgabl

f.

(i) an

fresgaphala 2426

ascending,

arad

(2) ascensive case,

resgabhail 1527, 1663, frescbail 1789,

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

340

fresgapail

l886,

fresghabail

ge, g m. a

4984.

Laws
freslise (i)

(2) desidative

gair

Wi.

case 1523, 1653, 1791, 4985.

frichnamach diligent,
/

cona
Ped. Gr.

hreak,

violate,

fri[th]ortud tecta (?) 1938.

frith has heen found 2124

2021

frithgnam m.

3281,

s.

rel.

co nach

hacku'ards

6008.

5994,5,8,

eguiva-

5824,

f.

2327

5968,
Lisni.

friLhrosc,

frithroisc, Acall.

frithroisc

i-

attach

repeatedly, fre-

quent,

study, part. necess.

899,

freitighe 3781

is

frithsuide

focul

C. P.\.

160

fuach a

reprisal,

frithsuide,

fri-

Arch.

Laws O'D.: O'Dav. 1547

:

ivord

di

254,

fuach

3569,

c^e,c,S.

sea

fiiar sea

.i{

a hlade of corn,

Fel? fochannm.,HSD.:
:

fochon, Lism.

foichne,

cf.

i-

muir.

fad nad fubai

cen fubae, Sg. 268:

fuirmed

gl.

cf.

Wi.

(l) a placing

(2) depositive

place,

set,

s.

forruim 5397

f ulang supporting
excess, too

gann, gand

garmna
nin na

gabla 5335.

gabur m.

g.s.

WL

a goai 540,

gabair 5230.

gabar 3170

Cor. Tr. 83

g.s.

5543)
;

togbaither

1176,

ginol

5626,

n.p. togaibter

hospitaiity, generositv,

garmna

honourahle

Death Tales

well-faced, comely 4060.

a withe,

gd

gart

-i.

tie

5727

a goose 1698, 4885, ngeigh 5695^

Wi.
d.s. on geig gotha 1698.
geilt (O.L gleith) a grazing, paslure,
inf. of gelim
d.p. gehaib 1189
gim n. a roar, shout, d.s. on geimira
1698, on geim 4885.

pl.

Tbc.

2487: (2>
gene generations, younglings, offn.

hirth

(i)

626,

glossed as couple, pair 570^

1854, 5) 1878; a ngen-

1812,3,4,5,6,

side 1950, a genis de

geind
afork, hranch of a family,

garmna 5544

conduct 5271.

garta

Laws

Wi.

-i^

gin 5080^

O'Dav. 1034
a wedge, ngend 5727,
Cf.

5412.

1574
f.

1175, 427I1

garmna
4272.

spring,

808 fuolach 4994

much, overfow 1566,
1

Wi.

sparce, scanty, a formolad,

gand-on 52S4, ann-on 5286

f. a weavers bsam,

gein

(fo-rimim)

a milking cow with a year-

f.

derg maesem 5936

case 1776, 4976,7

fuirmim

gamnach

gat
dilend

i-

L^ 5443
5459.

eineach, O'Cl.

Triads

muir 5444
muir, B.

fubai (fo-ben) error,fault,

fuirid (?)

mulum, Pl. Vit. Sanct. ii. 382 galmirum (galmarium), BB. xviii. 68

gart

daghfuach 3570

fuachonn, fochann
hraird

galmiUa^
1084, gourmarium 4078.
galbanum, genus pigmenti vel succus
vel lac ferule, Ducange, Suppl. : gal-

garmain

retaliation,

suithi 1933.

fretede

is

2179

old calf a stripper 5762.

n-agaid tsrotha, Anec. v. 25, 7 n.

frith-saisim I

(inf.

f.

galmalam lasin 'L-ta&oxx pressed curds

FeU^

diHgence $194.

Laitne 3569

frithrusc

a.pl.

3665
of gataim) a tahing away,

stealing, a gait

lent 313, 771, frithindlidech 2649,

gabul

Felr

guth 3717.

'v

gairdigim I shorten,
gait

3 pl. fritha

frithindleadach a counterpart,

furil

a short syllable 819, 1072, 1339,

n.

sail gairdigius in foucal

791

pret.

ge

1547, gairn-aigenta 4375,6; g.s. 1552

gir f. a shout, voice, gair guth 665,

carefu/, attentive,

Din.

keen 4050.

fris-oirgim

fuam

craind

g.s.

ges f. acuteness ofmind, wisdom 5271

geth wise, gceth 500,1, 2970

lying down, subsiding,

foghair 4724

freisligi

spear,

1173, airell gai 4892

f.

gis a swan,

Wi.

gilithir geiss 3960, 5695,

giHdir gsi 5320

gelt mad, wild 1185, 4283, 5551

gelti5554.

CC.

n.p.

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
Senas m.

chaslitv

senemain
genitll

f.

genitive case^ a

1668,

1644,6,

361

ginitil

5271

Wi.

birih, iarna g. 5650.

ndelbh genidli

geinitli

for

4847,

Laws

1.

gilcach 1190,1, 2576, 4287, 5521

(2)

Oghatn letter ng 255, 442, 2896,

5584, ngedar 5929. O'D. Gr. xxxii.
giall m. /oiver jaw, tnandibU, cheeh, g.s.
the

a delidin litterda,

da gnuis

in gelli

(^^gill)2043

gibe

a modelling (in gypsum), ngibue

O'Mulc. 651

Origg.

X.

Ml. sg*?

cf.

119
broom plant II 57, 4252

1190,1, 4287,8

TP.

2576, 5521.

ii.

maw,

garmna 1175, 55 16,

garmno 4271.

g.

giniol

5626,

5543)

afir-tree II53,

4248

5521

g.s.

irand giuis I194

glaiss

a stream, rivulet 1810, glais

f.

glas a streain 1065, teit an glas 4021

glas green, grey, silverv nglas 5700

compar. glaisiu I189, glaisium cnis

usual,

roghnathach

leas

2250

gnthugud
gnach

m. a

using, usage

861,

858,

specific

843
gnethach

3736

gnm

m. (l)

deed

rt

ngnim 642, 65 1

(2) active voice,

g.s.

briathar

torand gnima

1620.

gobur

'i

gnima
Sg.

cesta,

a horse, a lahite horse,

f.

gabuir 539,

is

is

in

ghabair632, gopar

in

Mer.

goibnecht f. smithwori, gaibneacht

5801.
Laws
Gaelic language, gaidelc

the

f.

3504, 3541, gaedelc 2517,

g.s.
2482, gaoidelg 2282
;

gaedelg
filid

na

gaidhilcci 4525, gaidilci 4964, gaoi-

delce 2836

goim

f.

d.s. isin gaidilc

paiji, anguish,

clear, set in ordev,

imper. gleam 5090.

gle a fight, n.s. 5371

pl.

Wi.
;

a.s.

401

gan goimh 2051.

glethe

i'gleas etarro 3282.

f.

is

'i-

/y/.'-

gloir glan 2213.

glonn ni. a deed 1548 g.p. 940.

glonn m. champion, hero 5120.
XX. 144, 23:

goour, goor

weep,

pret.

s,

cach solus

gabar

bright, Lec.

gorm

blue

5700

cf

Metr.

sup.

mBretnus
O'Cl.

3215.

fut-

Fel?

solus isin

light,

3208,

guiremh dal

4297
(i) ivy

edeand

eidheand

11 87,

(2) the
4286, 5494, -i- gius 5521
letter g 2896,8
g.s.
bogad guirt
:

4328 d.s. do gourt 4324

gort m. a cornfield, n.s. in gort 5559
;

gaiscech, H.

5558, 6044.

RC.
18,

562,

frisin

gort

do gherr a nguirt

arba
uile,

A.U. 1412

gortigernd

the

goirtigern

Keat.

2434.

language

0/ heaven

2494, goirtigthern
Hist. ii. 3.
Cym.

Ir. Fortchern overlord

rank of the poets, in gradh
onni is gradus i- ceim 3284. H. 4.
nemid fri gradaib filed, LL.
22, 4-6

vortegernos,

Wi.
3.

gurt

ar

d.s.

190,

brightness, g.s. 5247,50.

p. 626'=

slicht,

V. geilt

gllr Lat. gloria

wail,

gliaidh 980

gleir splendour 5429

glre f. choice, elite, fiotver, n.s. in
ghleiri 2228
glse traci, pursuit 5877, etergleithi
712

golaim /

gort

equat. glaisithir 3500

glim / make

glse

gnthach

gclfad 5288, gulfad 5294.

5733

Tbc.

gluas 54, 234.2,

n.s.

TSh.

Fei:^

5617

gloss,

Z.- 22*

gidelc

gille m. a lad 5715

triple dim. in
gillgugan 708, in gillccuccan 3463
gin m. mouth, i ngenaib 1594. VVi.

gUS

f.

3169, gobar 3207,15.

the

46, 18

ginol

gluas

26i5

5801.

gllcach

glr a noise, sound, gan glor 2049,

Wi.
glar/;v, c/ear, bright 51 31. Wi.
2417.

ges, geis a ban, prohibition, tabu, ba

ges 5943. Wi.
getal (l) a reed, the brooni plant A.

341

grd m.

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

342
graif

grave

fl

amal

accetit,

bis graif

4786, graib 1557, in graiph fil and is

ondi is grauis, Cor.^ 708 : graif,
a point, pin, graini in ge 1706,

Arch. C.P.

4896.

i.

479: Wi.

gramadach grammar,
gramadaigh

eter

grande

51,

n.s.

2342,

54,

super.

Greeh tongue, Greek,

the

f.

n.s.

Greig 2281, 2311, 2459; g.s. Grege

3765 d.s. a Greic 353, 2716
;

grs a

ii<ork,

sair 5631.

grinne

handicraft 239, 2554, gres

Wi. Beath. Col.
:

a bundle, band, company, grinne

Gor.

sair 2539.

gruc

a hero,

golh gruce

g.s.

gruice 5294.

H.

poem, a repeating two-thirds of the first

ar

5288,

laoch no garb,

'i-

three

grus

tanach

i-

gruth

curds, Lat. galmula 1082, gour-

Wi.

maulo 4077.

gruthrach

marium 4079.
milk, P.

gal

Beath. Col.

Lat. galmalam 1084, gour-

gruthlach

curdled

guaili

5633.

iarnu

fawn

(2) the speech of

2511,25.

5842.

13 14,

RC.

Cf.

iarndeo, O'R.

iarndoe, Trip. Gl, 31

iarunn

iron, amal i. 1314, iaranV 4633

iascaireacht f. afishing 5803
ath land, country 5328 34
ibor a yew, service-tree, ibur 1153, ibor
4248; 1196, 4299, do ibar 5523,

ibroracht

f.

yew wood worh

5804.

Petri R. T. 347

danger,peril 5382
S^iXhdiXi^&beahed, piercing 122%, 4535strength, povjer,

high

spirit,

c a paving, d' icc na da fichet'2123

c

g.s.

disi

idad
the

(2) a

letter,

letter, i.e. s,

int

aenguta

oenicc

2083,4.

clann n cenl,

Cir An.

2261.

Cor.

Tr. 98

puddein 2762,7, e a guta 1534,

guta 2735
n.p. guttai 1071, gutai
:

remedy,

^.(i)a.tprogeny, chiidren, race III2,

i-

hi

1386

healing,

'a

Wi.

gaeth guibelta, Acall. 383

gossa 5314. CC.

guthas wording, vocalisation 5276
gutta f. m. (i) at'ow/358,ni sdh

one

4627,33;
267

cryptic speech

5593,6, 5658

smir

g.s.

gas

gus

Mac Nema,

1304,

Wi.

Cf.

1307,13, 4620,30,2

lar

O'C.

coal,

tret-

i-

n-iargcomarc 3539

xiii.

cheese,

trisyllahle,

3865,

iarcuibdius an end rhyme 3841

iarmtoerla (i) unaccented words i.e.
dialt n-etarlemme and lorga fuach

tit

X082, 1066, 4019,22,79, 1081,5, 4100.

Laws : -i- tanach, Ed.

a word or verse containing

syllables,

1419,
1214, 4465
1953,4, d' iarcomruc 1936, a haon a

18, p. 625

curds,

word of the poem 936, 3865,

iarcomarc n-imslan 2210,3,

sillasbach

grus

in

iarcomrac

guth gruice cruth mbrege

Cor. 7>. 90
grig -i- Isech,

3.

screaming, yeUing, shout-

ing\i,%\, 2378, 2797, 4868, 5575>6

iarcomarc a concluding it'ord of a

dicitur,
7rl.,

bradan,

i-

iarcomarc bairdne 1588

grannium 548

Grec

of e)

(g.s.

Lec. 239

accented

2339
hideous,

Jmteful,

afish-pool, Lat. piscina 1092,

iach

4093.

iachtad m. a

Sg. 22o4, 22o*'8, 213*2

grinne

iachlinn

the

=sail 1727

(i)

the

Ogham

5659;

yew, aspen 5593.5

letter

i,

n.s.

idad

(2)

1676,

tar idha 2795, idho I196, ida

ibhar 5523, idhedh 2796, 4299

ifn m. (i) a gooseherry, a gooseherry
.i^

bush 5666, 520, brabifin 3465 (2) an

Ogham diphthong or triphthong hegin:

f.

(i) an island^T^i, 4642

Norse name
a

Metr.

(2) the old

of lona, the latter being

misreading

(Jnsuld),

inis

Adamnan's loua
Coluim Cille 1228.

of

letter i, int ipin 4863

5525,5611,5667. iphin, O'Br.
llar n. (l) multitude, plurality : (2)
plural number, n.s. a n-illar 1530;

ning with the

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
g.s.

ceudpersa

d.s.

tri

man\\

2757;

2671,4, 1642,8,

fri

il-foclaig many-i'Orded ISS^i

il-ghnuiseach many-/aced 811

(.')

ilug"ad. m.

amplifying, multiplying,

ati

il-nat

hilugud 634.

illugud labartha 630,

Wi.

immi 636

rusc

imim 637
im-ad-cu / consider^
4359

d.s.

im

part. nec. imcesta

do imcisin 2901, imchisin

inf.

imagallaim a conversation,
n-i. na
Da Thuar 1328, 4644
imairechtu a mutual sufficiency, ini

bo himaireachtain 2968

vention, nir

imbert

f.

imraet

no imirt

a mutual guarding, observ-

1975' 2003

imchomarc

m. (l) a question, int imcomurc 1248, is i. 123, 2403 (2) an

:

enquiring

greeting,

after,

salutation

5228, 5332: (3) anah'sis, parsing, o

ernailibh in imchomairc 1893, for im-

chomarc 1894

imcomairsnech

v. ernail

mutual/y neig/ihourfy,

crresponding, se himcomairsnig airme

3041

imcubaid

mtduai/y r/iyming, imfhrecra

3822, comardad

3824

i.

imdaingen very strong, imdangen

/

imdeiligim

divide,

5125

distinguis/i,

imdheilighter 996

imdchim

tre

impth csl, Sg.

business, met/iod

5718

imrind mutual point, common rhyme

no

seachta 3713.

imsechfaid a
imthimchell

in

imrind

bera

or
re

Tbc.

regular repetition 1934

circumdative case 1526,

1653, 1887
increase, 3

s.

pres.

imatormaig 4549, 1232 E.

imuca mutua/ c/ioice, c/ioice 498
rel.

inannus

sameness,

identity

1015,

Laws

inchosc m. (i) a meaning, signification,

denotation of gender and person, etar-

imdch 5333
u llandegail 2042

im - drengaim /

inf.

1 563181 ise int inchosc I9o5,ahincosc

3977: (2) accusative case 799, 1519,

ac ferjib(?) 1531, 1773, 1881, 1891

indaithmech

an anaiysis, explanation,
an indaithmige sin 3542,
triana n-indaithmech 4637
inde f. (i) a meaning 742, triana n-inde
taithmeach 1319, inne 331, inni 831,

do

reir

2680, 2729: (2) quaiity 673, is i in

indi 674.
Lec. 169
indell a yo/ting, question 1247, 4363.

Wi.

O'Mulc.

Indein an anvil 5728. Wi.

Indid, innid in w/tic/t is, w/ien, since
5121. riu I, 12; 120, 12: Thur.
Hdb/c. 776
inappropriateness,

s.

indilse

(im)degal,

indilsi

(imb-di-fich) I protect, 3

pres.

round ahout,
encompass, climb, imdrichaur 3931,
imdreangair crand 949, imdrengar
g

mutual corresponding, a

corresponding, cenel ind imfrecrai 924,

1513, isna foclaib in imfreccrai 958,

3564.6
immaircidey//'/,o' 492

indlius

indische speec/i-way 572

in-diupartach fraudu/ent,
6074.

ar

3710
privative

diubartach /;//('/,

indles an tmproper
ismus, Origg.

991. 3932

Imfreccra

Tbc.

goiri in incoisc 641,7,9, 673, ig incosc

5718

imcholmt

i.

4^8
im-raet a

3964,5.

a playing, practice, prepara-

method, iarsin

tion,

s.

(imb-sim) a turning about,

imthormalgim /

Cf. Ped. Gr. 683

4359-

i>'g

as 1968.

impsoud

termination,

hutter, g.s.

meet, suit, fit, 3

immairigh 526, imaric 622

pres.

anastrop/ie 510.

illalt an eaglet

5696.

imm-air-iccim /

immar

ndan 2159

hilar 2058, ar ilar

il-

2675,6,

ilair

ilar

343

i.

Lat.

use,

32,

Laws
barbar-

760,6, 821,

indiles 764, innleas

749
indotacht m. (i) an entrance, beginning

(2) ingressive case, ni bia int

inutacht 1725,

1884.

Laws

1520, 1652,

1724,82,

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

344
indsce m.

(l) gender, indlius ind indsge

3694, innsci 520,6, 714,5, 740, 3023,

ferinnsci

521,9,31,

521,9,31,

3024,

595,
baninnsci

1908,

596,

840,

demhinsce

521,

565,

550,

543,

1908,

3070,

565,7,

543,

3066,

3023,

839,

550, 597, 840, 3024, 3074,

530, 543,

1876, 1908

speech,

(2)

cumascda

i.

1580, 1690, cumaisci 1589

ordinal speech

1715,

4906

ofa

mod

narration mode, repetition

quatrain 1949, 5076.

itord in the

Eg

in sithbi sithlas

Ric
Ric

in

tri coecat nglonn,

giUa gusmar gann,
Forfacaib C dinisc donn.

ingrar

of no service

is

father according
159, gl., 235, gl.

his

to
:

cf.

to his

Triads,

due,

O'Dav. 1102

f.

innunn

that

side,

thiiher,

inund

1579, anund 1585

inrathaiste to be perceived 1352, 4415
inrocomraircnigsiomairne the longv.
est word in Gaelic 4523, cf. 1436
;

intech a

infillited

6060.

snithe.

amal intech legend 361,

leigind

in

2739

inteach

Wi.
1758.
interiacht an ititerjection 321, interecht
2669
intshliucht, intliucht m. sense,
invention,

intlechta

research,

5471

a.s.

derbad

g.s.

tria

intliucht

2015

iphn m.
int ipin
the

(l) a gooseberry \l<yj, 4304,

(2) the Ogham long i,

4863

Ogham

1363,

diphthong io, iphi

1535.7.8,

medial and

g.s.

comet lachta

g.s.

lacht

a.s. is

5622,

coimetas in lacht

Wi.
a.p. gan lachta 4543.
a duck 5693. Wi.
lad a mill lead, canal 5837. O'R.
liches f. a lay-woman, heroine, laechesa
;

lachu

riu

5718, laichesa 6150.

a metre proper

f.

is

to

194

vii.

doss

829,

laid

in

Ir. T.

839 a.s. doni

I16
;

in

iii.

smallness, weakness 1455,

45^8

4551, arolagat4i35
laigtech weakly, weak 4135, luigtech

4132
lirce lrchaine,

gl.

no

lairge

1692,

lorga fuach, q.v.,

lourgaidhe

4879.

larg f. 'L^X.furca, Cor. cf. Thc,

Laitin f. tht Latin language, Latin, do

lasin L. 449,

ln

{l')

Latinist, n.s.

2910,2,

2909

full,- (2) afitll, a pbiral for a

singular A- can dichned can dochned

5073,

1845,

mna
nem

lnamain
couple,

i>ay,

inntech

speech,

a lan 1839, ben a lan

a lan 1867, 1946, 1994,

2090, 2160, e.g. meni fhuilet 2198

comroircnigiur

insnitheach.
Wi.

milk,

Laitneir m. a

a narration 572

to

4280

muitibh na Laitne 3016

ingor, Ascoli cccclx.

innisiu

lacht
imon

laiget

XX. 144,

angar !. mac ionghar nach bhfoghann

da senoir do rir a dhualgais an
unfilial son that

speahing,

183,

labartha 1952

laid 2194.

impious 4036.

unjilial,

oen 715,

isa

chno

eating, ac ithi a

2030,

dam

in

i>

it is,

1578, 3672, 4654, Ised 1581, saerlaid

mag,

RC.

ofwhich

is,

labrad m.

lld

Ric

In-gra

-whose

5193
ithe an

5623

indsce airme
indsce

isa

1541,3,

1369, 4425

1294,

1675,7;

f.

pair,

couple,

1809,

n.s.

lanamnai 1853,4

neuter

1810,1,3,4,5,6,

n.p.

lanamna deme

deimi 1949, 3257, 5079, 5406

lnamnaide a couple, correlated pair
570,

I.

lnamanda, Laws

1812, 1817.

lanchubaid

(l) a couplet rhyme 929

(2) perfect rhyme, ut

est bas, las

1014,

3963

ln-chuibdius a rhyme
the

couplets

/;-.

T.

iii.

in

9,

at the end of
quatrain 3840,58.
130, 20: Ir. Metr.

10

lnchumang

m. full po^ver (pr

in simple vowels 1201,5,6,8,

is

e in

I.

5459

tone')

43137,9,

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
lnfogur

a full totie 343, 454, 1073,

2696, 2706, 2917
l.n.geimlec'h /ull-fettei-ed 802, geimlech, l'ian.

lnrlm

O'D. Gr. 416

lr the ground, rosaig

(2)

lar ind

airall

17 10, rosauoigh lar co haireill 4900.

do choss

Cf. bail n r

Latindacht

Tbc. 1298

lr,

Latinity 355
lbxLTBi pertaining to boois, iar n-urd
f.

lebhurda 66

leclaidhe

leclo

H.

luachair,

"i-

3.

626

legtachad m. a

Cf.

liquidising 2835.

do lechdagaib, Sg. 5*10

legulus m. Lat. a galherer 2285

pret.

in

lenim

s.

pres. leoaid 1582

gnathless 2238, oen

gnathlessaib

2222,

2226,

2242,

2232,

2254.

s.

pret.

leas
fria
fria

2250,

for

gnathlessa
leass

less 5125.

certleth

leather, lethor 5004.

Wi.

5540,1,
li
a

5662,

li sula 4263, 5535,

anni molus 3308, 669.
O'Dav. 1157, I197

II delight, pleasure,
li

suad 4659,

11 good,

li

li

maith 3312
il

more 635
liaier m. a physician,
1191, 4287, 5561

leithi

many,

is

lia-te

luth

g.s.

lega

d.p. laisna legaib

g.s.f.

5672,4,7

lid

6044.

i^

dath,

maise, Lec.

lige a lying down, inna

lighi

accuse, charge, sue, 3

1593
s.

pres. rel.

liess

3385
lil^rach f. a milch cow 5760.

Wi.

Laws

lulgach,

loiligheach, Din.

XTflax 297
ln m. a number 943,5, 959, 962, 5172
lth activity 1815. -i. luth, O'CI.
litir f. a letter, g.p. comcengal Iitrioch

2721

loch

5/7<-/f

5669

g.s.f.

loichi

5671,3,5.

Cor.

log decay

4920

a.s.

395. 2790, 5308

locc a place, locality 1029, dul i llocc
822.
Wi.
loch hero, cenn o lochaibh 5283. do
loch i^ do loech, RC. xx. 151

lestar m. a nessel, n.p. lestair 5623

leth a half ni certleath not an exact half
ni

n-aimbi

\\

crotha

\\

CC.

provide for,
doleasaig 2634,
to,

1728, a ceirtleath 1449,

3946,7

litirdeacht f. Hterature 55, 2343

litterda consisting of letters, literary

roleasoig 2288

lethar

1.

2246,

Wi.

less m.fortress, frisin

lessairim / attend
3

in

l n. colotir, beauty,

lim /

lead
g.s. letha cend 5262.
O'Dav. 1146 led ST. cf. CC.
lss m. a light, a.p. lessu 5090. !
solas no soillsi, O'Cl.
Din.
less advantage, need, fi les 1421, cethrar

studv,

ndeighenach 4662

1.

O'Dav. 1197

ainm

chiid, g.s.

5775
lealm / wound, 3

ria leassa

cosin

lg beautv, colour, fo

a.s.

inf.

deirig

toisich

4288, 5561. Wi.

grey 5698, rohath 2070

a smock, g.s. leni 6033

m. a

2904,6,25,82,4; d.p. 1207

m. a couplet, half of a
quatrain, g.s. fidh airedha in lethraind

lethrand

Uath

5806

nislen 5252

semivoTvel, n.p. lethguttai

the

Laws

lemnacht sweet milk, leamnacht

lenaim / follow, adhere to, 3 s.

5776

senii-

in

445, 450,1, na leathghuta 461, na

leathgutai 479, 513,5, 1060,70, l2lo,

lia more, compar. of

lir diligent 55, 2343, 5195

lem an elm II 54, 4249, 5619, 5925.

lenum

lethgutta a

ambi II 70,
danu fair 331

f. a stone, leacc 1358.

Wi.
lecla rushes '\- luachair I157,

lne

a half-power

vowe/s 1207, 4318,9

lethcuibdius an internal half-rhyme

li

lec

18, p.

lethchumangr

3839

(i) a full declension 796

full or perfect alliteration of the last

two words ofthe line 3743, e.g. 3746.

4252.

345

(?)

2095.

so/ving, untying,

logh

O'R.

loosing, dis-

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

346
loman

lurgu

Wi.

a rope^ cord 5725.

f,

londy?i?/-:, bold

lons
lonn

f-

5359
aship, n.p. longa 5119

g.p.

942

rem-Ionn 1703,14,4699, 4719. dorat

beim don luinn { cloideb Conchobair,
Tbc. p.

IS9

lorc, lorg

handle,

staff,

n.s.

1594:

n.p.

1310, 1595,9, 1606, 1692, 1849, 1870,

1981, 2099, 2140, 4672, hirga f. 4625,

lorga dialta 2154, 5080, 5351, e.g.

sal. Jm ba sessach, im ba seng 5355

losc lame, loscogam 5771.

Ed. II, 22 Lec.

bacach.

i-

luaidim I speak,

mention, luaidit 354

luad expression 5612

(i) moon

(2) Monday, doomsday

Sunday)

(i) a diminishifig, lessen-

Hgd^'j, 659: (2) a diminutive 1868,

1946, 1995, 2094, 2152, 2166, 5075,

e.g.

5326,

firini

1796,

firin

benine 1844, beinin 5028

Damine 5329

5327,

a plant,

f.

4989.

Cnamine
Wi.

[i959-

herb,

luibenchosach m.

d.p.

du

luibib

a metrical foot or

verse having seven svllables, hexasyllable

121

strength, power, activity,

5561,

1424, 1955, in luipencoussach

7,

macdacht

a maiden, n.p. macdachta

f.

mac fuirmid

strument 5727
wonder,

machdad
mad-

wel/,

mel

ba/d,

meth

de/icate,feeb/e,

midthe

to

2914.

287 note, cen

loti

299 note, gen

luithi

loith,

Songs

lurganda

Fel.^,

(-ii-

Prol.

cen bailbe)

gen bailbe

ofSummer

long shanhed 1227, 4537

supl,

maelsem,

maitha 467

praised, g/orified

be

in,

praiseworthy, magnificent, sonorous 467.

a ghlaodh

ghuithbhinn

Re/iq. Ce/t.

ii.

maigin

428, 30

mhaoidhte,
Din.

cf.

an enc/osed p/ace, sanctuary

f.

good,

maignech
Wi.

5149,

5154,

compar.

fearr,

fearrson

645, 3268

maithchnechas
611,

cf.

a de/icate comp/exion

maothcnesach 3090

maitnechas
taidiuir

luisiua/rtwc, in 1. 5535. O'Dav. 1185

lith stammeting, diimb, luithguith

ST.

2121.

teit

hair/ess

maith

Lec.

5575,

5936,7

1424, 4479
luis a hand 1 lm 4474. Metr.
luis (i) the mountain-ash, elm, .i- o
-icantheand 1165, 5495, 5513,
lemh (2) the Ogham letter 1 5535,
:

mactad

383

Laws

luitguth

maccu

Wi.

ma

ni

Thur. Hdb.

6004.

5620,1.

sixth

the

maccu, moccu a genitive, ofthe hittdred

cona luibnibh

452.

m. a poet of
iii. 112

Ir. T.

adj.

digit,finger, toe,

legha

1.

Wi.

5721.

6004;

3713,4478

luibne a

lossa

bech 5624

I.

machtad 5577.
m.

n.p.

fidlosa 5493,6,

Wi.

for losaiph 2833.

lth

viii

3533

lugugud

5808

Nois 5706 cf. Oenu (maccu Laigsi)

machad some kind of agricultural in-

(the Celtic world ends on a

luib

losa

fedha 1151,6, 4251,

or race which follows, Cluain

luam m. a pi/ot 868. /v/.^

luamnacht .pilotage 5798
lan

nach

secip

rank 2248.

inf.

(i) a

f.

(2) lorga fuach

staves of words, two unaccented short
syUables betueen alliterating words

1591

1811

a blade, a sword, aur-, ur-, iar-

f.

shinhone, n.s.

leg, shatti,

imon lurgain 5780,1 g.p. lanamain na lurgan 1815, 5003. Wi.

ls f. taste, good taste, cona luis 206 1.
i- blais, O'Dav. 1195
luss m. a plant, herb, n.s. lusogam
g.s. ug in ossa 5572, ainm
5807
a.s.

-i-

contentiousness

maitnechtaige,

ml

m. a
mhal to

610,

maidnech, Lec. 327

cf.

PH.

prince, nob/e, /ord, d.s.

the poet

2245

tar

a.s.

dun
mal

5387 n.p. mail 5229. Wi.

an eyebrow, malu 1813,4999
;

mala

mallrugrud m.
diaeresis

1945,

retarding,

1991,

2137,

by

(a)

5069,

GLOSSARIAL LNDEX
;

e.g.

(b)

5303
5301

nobiad 5299, 5304, niab

introducing a letter into

fer, feer 1794; ben,

nem, neem 1859
malot fir]\T7]s n shepherd (?) 2284
mandraim, mannraim / destroy, 3
Wi.
s. pret. romannair 546.

the viord, e.g.

been 1841

marbhn

n corpse 3187.
Din.
stagnant luater, for marb-

marb-usce

usce 1321,

mascul

4639
gender

7iiasculine

masculini

masculine

620,

522,

masgal 3024, 3082, mascol 603

Sg. 66''I4, 18, 20
1913.

g.s.

TP.

606.

ii.

Wi.

mais 2536, mais 2537.

mednerc

Romain

handsome, n.p.

stately,

ivy

Anec.

gort 5641.

i-

iii.

41. 18

a medial position, fo

medonda,

369.

raeighleach

medh-

meodontacht

ontaig 4424,5, fo

/r.

T.

iii.

bleating

f.

3170.

O'R.
migiollach,
O'Br.
megill, AisL
mlachtnalgim / disgrace, i p. pres.
midhleach

m.

subj. co

ro-melachtnaigem 141, 2430.

melacht, Wi.

mell

ruin,

f.

xxvi.

destrtiction

14,

Fei:^

2793,

RC.

10

Hail

p.

m. a finger, a

5783

673,4,5,6

met

is

u<eak

is

n.s.

toe,

aenmer

mera 5780,7

n.p.

mt, mit

size,

f.

s.

meit 5383

ar

meid
ata do

a magni/ying, increasing

mi-alt a bad

place,

bad

position, co

ma mi-ait lapartha 2978

midach Lat. medicus,

na

phvsician,

ice 4289, etiud midach 5584.

Co'. Tr. 113
O'D.
:

a vine,

gl.

muin

midiu 5521,

midiu 5926

1 1
f.

a soldiering 5801

comp. millsiu feraib 5557,

millsi 5559
sup. milsim feda 5608,9
millse sweetness, millsi 1853
min meal, m. arba corn meal 1294, 4396
sweet,

mn smooth,fine 1294, 4395

mind n. a diadem 4395. Wi.
minn m. a noble, sage, n.p. minna
mind

-v

5711.

uasal no si, O'Dav. 1220

titmouse

f.

5693, menntan 3172.

Tog. Tr."^ 1356

mirr myrrh

3226,

O'Br.

PH.

2450, 2614.

542,

mintu,

RC.

466

m-rn

f.

miruine

iU-will, ill-intent, g.s.

Acall.

1306, 4629.

chean

well

he

is

2167, originall^ 3

s.

borti,

happy one !

pret. cinim.

mo
mo

Cf.

chen gach fer, /r. T. iii. 128 z,

ghean-ar an bfhear, Ivi. v. mad
mod -worh 546 'i- gnim O'Mulc.
mo. everything male lfol, 1236, 1458,
;

1467, 1493,6,9, 1502,8, moth4558

Molossis in Epirus 17 50,

Molossus
4939

the place or tribal

tlie

name seems

Molossian hounds

0'Molloy, Gr. 118, equates fearchu

iii.

421, 215

T.

Cf. Ir.

O'Mulc.269: Origg.

xiv. 4. 9

mon

a rick,fea

monar

\-

cleas 1331,

4645

monor 2093,

a u'ork, deed, in

Wi.

2165.

m. anamplifying 102 1, morudh

3976, morad run 5643
mr-mr very great, T. T.^ 1 666
compar. momo 1461, moam 4571, a
n-us

moam

1350,

4307 v. diite
mides 408.

estimate,

romesadh 931

de 4497

moie

cf.

a n-as

mm,

1456.

mrshesser m.
morhesser

non-simplicity

midiur / judge,
410

miodach

m-diite

milchu greya.p. for mila

n.s.

5744

mrad

646, 658

midiu

muige hares

milaideacht
milis

n.p.

li'erewolf with Molossus.

greatness,

luigtech in dobriathar for so

the adverb 4131

mturud m.

animal, beast,

hound 5743

confused with

Brigit, 3 n.

mr

ml an

mo

24

540,

n.p. mifothai

467

xii.

medontach
1

m-fotha a badfoundation,

mintn m.

122, 24, Snpp.

mass

347

seven

II 39,

is

modhe

Cir

persons,

on

mual

ueighing-beam
a mill

-x-

bai

morshesiur

258, 3568

muad

An.

med 5453

mulenn 5442

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

348

muimech

a nurse

f.

nutrix 1909,

nem-gnathach unusual 2381, neamgnathugudh ivatit of use 602, nemli

is

bhuimeach 1911

muin

(i) a vine 1186, 4283,4, 5555

Ogham

(2) the

letter

5491

nemed m. a dignitarv^privilegedperson^

muin

isna breathaibh nemedh 1298, 4380

nemnifTud m. an annihilating, atitii-

muine 5672

muin

muin

neck, haci:, for

549,

fri

Wi.

5556.

muine

neimtniugud 3561,4548..
neimnigim, O'R.
hilation 769,

a bush, cend a muine 5810,7.

Laws

nenaid

muirenn

a spear, n.p. muirne 1306.

muirni 4629.
S 882

O'Dav.

nert

1235: Cor.^

m. f, a miite consonant^ n.p. in

muite 447, mutti 446, muitti 451,
muiti 467, 513, 2904, na muiii 2907.
2931,2,2982. cenith mt, Sg. $''4,

mt

si,

17''*

strength

noe

duine,

\-

nue

1948,

nae 4686, nai 4687.

1610,

1609,

Lec.

Cor.- 93,

969

nede

nitie

nasc a

ring 5725.

things 1022, noie 3977

nemutur 3025
g.s. neodair
1913 adj. neoturda 1465, 1503, 1917^
neudarda 1488. Sg. 66*20, I, 2, 8

-'x-

ainm da cach uili aisti, Ed., ii*i, 33

iainm coitcheann don uile aisde
igsib, H. 4. 18.
O'Mulc.
;

nathair f. a serpent
nau, n f. a ship
long,

neam

i-

4.

1295,

H.

18

nim

Wi.

6134.

Thc.

ni,

nihilus

fir

in

neamh im

uisgi

4403.

O'Dav.

glan 5698.

1301,40, neimnech en-

venomed 801. Wi.

nit, neit fight, battle, wound ; Neit
hattle

Wi.

5395.

RC.

148
nll m. acloud, saididh nell 429T.

nem-

un- (denoting

nemfh
fhuil
I

negation),

impersonal,

eco=rda

neuter

illed tton-adding 1570,6,

iiid

76,

816

tiullity,

SPA.

g.s.

4442, do beith xAAsa 2837,

1399;

fo

d.s.

u
u

nihilus

nialus

fo

978, 3897, 3901,10.

arthaidbsin nihelsa, Sg. 6''5, dliged
nihelsa, 14*2, 3

nin

(i) the ash 1173,4, 4269, 5495,

nenaid 5515, 5626: (2) the Oghatti

letter

dar

(3) any

mo

dar

a.p.

littre,

1171,

976,

815,7,

1572:

1560,7,

RC.

mo

4267,

letter

1561,
niona 2793,.

xxvi. 15, 8

a wave, tond 2791. Meir.

noaim / renew, viahe conspicuous,.
praise, keep,

xx.

nem-fograigh

4.

nadh

-i-

18

(2) an ititernal assonance

or

nda nocht 5222, cen nocht

5226, cia rodlig co fil nocht and
5232, e.g. argair 5230
Cor.'^

stiipe,

986

nie tiitie
not f. a

nem-

3561,

soutidtess 474,

noaid 1581.

1336:

rhyttte, a

1466,

nemfurail iion-orerfiow-

pres.

s.

(i) tiahed, hare, a beith ranocht

2070

nescu
CC.
nem-

1287,

coimhd, H.

nocht

god' of

106, 19

iii.

tiullifyitig,

O'Dav.

1286

neim poison nem

niabthach,

adj.

nin

O'CI.

necht clear,pure

5790

imniabthaig, Ir. T.

2791, 4790

18

ball fearrdha

usce
4.

H.

Fel?

5821.

W. nwyf

vigour, vivacitv 5301.

niaba,

970,

(i) the metre proper to an

ansruth 829, 1578, 1580, 4653, is e in
nath 839, 3690
(2) any metre

itig

niheha 1385,

Wi.

nath m.

i^

power,

vowel in a syllable

of a

604,

nialz

noi

4213,

nertmairecht Lat. nobilitas 4217

neutur neuter gender 613, 620, neodur

nab
ne, ne, ni a inan
1609, 1695,

fortitudo

Wi.

5516, nendait 5926.

nettles

Lat.

3893, 965,7

mt

is

has no colour 1171

lais it

g.s.

naescu 5693.

naosca

thitigs,

note,

4548,

f.,

a noie 3977
n.s. not

tnarh,

nod

niscu

Din.

1231,

tinfidh

noit

768.

not inchoisc, Sg. ^''i^, na nota ram,.

^''^i

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
notaireacht
a text

22, 2

i.

nuall

notarv wori, marking

f.

Wb. 21^1^

notire,

cf.

Origg.

reading 5798.

to assist

Tarrior (fighting in a chariot)

err 5443

nall a

shout, lueeping, proclarnation

of
cend ar nuaill

incapacity, proscription,

Laws

5964.

Fel'

-i-

Names of the Various AlphaBETS

smit

in

4649

ai (?)

ochta

LL. 187 a

eight things,

ochta 932,

fri

an

s.

octave^ g.s. sechta

ochta 1022, re hochta

3977

biad 5805

4294

ailm 1194,
co cruind ochtga 5397.

a pine-tree

f.

g.s.

pinus, habies,

ochtar m.

\-

TP.

ii. 362
an octad 2234.

eight persons,

Wi.
ocian ocean 5353. Wi.
od m. music 1470,3, 1483,4, odh 1273,
oudh 4577, oud
1476, 4573>83,
saothaid 4307, /. od saethaig, Anec.
iii.

O'Cl.

45.

odor-oscrach

SPA.

scrat

(?)

5696.

odhar g f., O'R.

egi m. a guest, g.p. aiged 5300,5.
Wi.
og an egg, n. du. f. oig mammiz (?), oig
7 glun 5033, cf cich 7 glun 1852Wi. ogh ! ceile, Lec, 96 M. na
:

huige. Lor. Gild. 209

gleth

which the anrad

shared with the ollam a virtual half,
poetry

the

not an exact half \']2%, 4920, v. leth,

certleth.

Ir. T.

iii.

66, w.

Ogmolr m. an oghamist v. Morann

ermoracht, fgmaracht f a hai-vest.

ing 5803.

ogum

mor 6010

brecor beo 6055

romesc Bres 5943

briatharogam Mic ind Oig 5615
briatharogam Moraind mic Mhain
5528

ochtach
'L^X.

coniinutd.

bo 5759

gul, O'Cl.

cluas 1228, 1457

\-

aradach Finn 5830

arm 5896
bac 6088
bas 5789

brec

m. an ear

349

n.

Cf. fogiharac,

ogham,

ra.

airismech

5815,

5944. 547 Ii4

n.s.

n-

int

Names of the Various AlphaBETS :

accomaltach 5q03
ad'enfid 5876
aipgitir A'raicda 6148,

airenach ^^97
ar a mbi aen 5872

P-gipta

call 5702
ceand a muine 5810
ceand ar nuaiU 5964
ceand debtha 6058
ceand fo muine 5817
ceand imreasan 6056
cethardruimnech Cruteni 5839

cethrur 5975
coll ar guta 6049
con 5740

coss 5779
crad cride ecis 5895

cuidechtach 6150

cumusgda 601I
daen 5709
dam 5750
dan 5797
dath 5697
Dedad 6057
dedenach 5958
didruim 6061
dinn 5687

ogum

ogam-sa
inn oghaim 397

rolad

g^s- fid

O'R.

Briccrenn 5854
buaidir foranna 5986
caechan 5767

6145

do foraicmib

eamn

'ch

7 deachaib 591

5907

ebadach llaind 5853, 6066

en 5692
Erimoin 6084
fege Find ^^\oZ
Feniusa 6069
fiaclacb Find 6093
fiar 6126
focosach 6062

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

350

Names of the Various AlphaBETS

oll great, cubat

continued.^

uiliiu, f-uilliu

fordunta 6086

5664

n-oll

compar.

1452, uille 3063

cpds,

fraech frithrosc 6008

ouU-ait (or 3 p. of verb ollaini) 3680 ;

ollchathach
ollforbthe
5318,
Lat.

Gall6i57

super/luus,

gleselgi 5877
gort fo lid 6044

ollurgbail 5338

ollam m. a poet

imarbach 6017
ind co ind 6025
indiupartach 6074
insnitheach 6060

iii.

5,

I447,

9,

ofthefirst rauk, a chief

imda ollamh 2129

poetf

an

g.s.

a n-ait ind ollaman

ollave, n.s.

ollaman righ
ollamda 2202
omna a satire,

2678,

2230

2224,

feili

adj.

lad 5837

da reib 6033
linn 5680
loc 6092
Lochlannach 6155

oumna

fi

331 1.

Laws

leni

omna

an oak, g.p. do thaebhaib na

n-omnadh 412, oumna 2853. 'i- dair
i- crann, H, 4, 18

onn
onn

losc 5771
lus

Origg.

5807

luth 5834

n. a stone 554, 1088.

Wi.
(l) an ash^furze \- aiten no uinius

5522: (2) the Ogham letter o 1194,

5494 n.p. onnaid wheels in carpait
! na roith ! onn
5578,9

mac 5773

maignech 6004

muc 5939

nathair im ceann 5821

r heath 5494, 5662,3, v. r

orc m. a pig 5674,5. Lavvs
orce m. a lapdog. n.s. oirci 5748. ba
marb in t-orci, Cor.^, sub Mug-me

negladae 6063

ord m.

noem 5791
nathair

fri

fraech 6087

method, use, custom, iar n-urd

os 5842

choir 564, iiocho n-ord

rig 5729

rind

ri

derc 5994

run 5851
sesmach 6036
sluag 6021

ordan

filideacht

traig sruth Ferchertne 6103, 6127

tredruimnech 5835
tregdae 6090

3729

rude, untrained, unprofessional,

osgarda 2462,4

oss, os a deer,

5724

g.s.

n-ord

/v/.2

5371.

taebogam Tlachtga 6080

c.

rank, dignitv, sovereigntv, orddan

oscarda

suag 6149

g.s.

oiss

roi

1320,

osogam 5842. Wi.

to (co),
th, from which is, from
ota 483, otha in ainmniud n-uathaid
.

906, otha Liphe co ILetha 5237, otait

trelurgach Find 5836

1117

uird 5862

usceach 5732
olr (l) a spindle-tree
'i-

othrur /
:

(2) the

feorus

Ogham

II96, 4301,

5523 (3) a long vowel, 5, 1367

olc (l) had : (2) m. an evil^ wrong,
wrongdoing, a n-ulcu 2008
:

d.s.

snimach 6085

diphthong ol,

dliged,

i-

uird airmi 1441, 4492

comairme 3720, a n-uord

sron 5786

tirda

mear 2067,

1937.

O'Dav. 1309
ord m. a hammer 5728. Wi.
ord alrme m. an ordinal number,

roth 6099

snaithi

n-urd bairdni

iend, care for, support, rosn-

othrastar 169,

nosn-othrustar 2475,

rohothratar, roothratar,

othraim, Tog.

ozail,
foxul

oxlald

T.T? 1258:

T}
ablative case

1775

^*

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
panaictti Lat. propn'um nomen
Pandects

the

Panechte, CZ.

Jerome)

(of

libri^

quert

2416.

parabulamb Lat. genilogia,

rait bog-myrtle, raid 11 57,

4032

patrene

named : (2)

(i) a bard so

his

na baird

Arch. C.P.

na patreni 1928.

patronoimic

iii.

300

a patrotiymic 3394, risin

patronomic 3395

penuilt Lat. paenuitima, penultimate

rsiith. a

a person,

f.

chetpersu

perso

723,

persainni 641,2,9,

849

d.s.

5467, in

736,

1031

651,3,

706, 719,

persainn 641,8, 718

g.s.

n.p.

(l) a rowan, pine, gooseberry 5524,

5608,9,10,11, caera pinne gooseberries

5525, 5608; pin no ifin 5666,7, pin !

caor 4305
(2) the Ogham letter p,
pon-chrann
ata pin ar p 1365, 4506.
:

pine

possit

iree,

O'R.

positive degree 643,

posit 687,

cipal metre 1586, prim-ellach

primary

combination 1686, n.pl. 3510

prim-

primary vowel 1431, 1379, 2797,

prim-thoirnde/);-?'wa;7'/>or/7oj 1898,9,

1920, prim-thuisech chief ruler 11 28

prmda primary,

rand^abthach
randgapl f.

f.

1589
d.s.

791
iar

a pronoun 320, 3667

Lat. prosa, prose,

g.s.

n.s.

prois

xviii.

prois

n.s.

intan

is

p. 788, for p.

phrois 782

Hib,

144I.

Min.

a.s.

BB.

consisting

of prose

755)

795,

830, 1642

pudar

a rad n-ilair 1772, a rath 1880

f.

space, luhile, d.p. riab cianaib

gach
lanphudair 2072
a.s,
aenphudhair
2118 n.p. tri phudra 2II1. Wi.
gliaphudair

2040,

do

pudrach

arnaib rib

reib 2452.

149,

Wb. 22*8

ilib,

a little blachbird, O'R.,

rearrgugan 709, raragain, T.
Din.,
rergoccan 3111, rerccuccain i Lnain
:

3464, a triple dim. of rear, P. O'C.

rece 1920
recoriar&c m. a

harmfiil, blmidering, in gres

glephudrach 2048

dissyllable 12 14,

1418,

recomarc 1240,
n.p.
1433, a tri a reucomarc 3538
recomraig 1501
adj. recomhracach
1588,

1953,

1721

ridhe

f.

plainness, explanalion, scheme,

reidhe 3588, 4735

rim remraithe (i) remraiti ajorei

said 1755, cia hairm remrade ? 16,

E. (2) rhyme ofvowels only (?) 3945,
1000, e.g.

la,

ba 3944, 999, 4923, 1730

n. (i) a

tuissel

ritn,

on

ainmnid

course 780,2,3

n-olc

2178

1626, esse

is

4862,

sis

reim gach
739,

gach reim
slondud reimmi

1951,

786,7,8, 791,2,3,4,
g.s.

remme 905

d.s.

ina reim

remim IS3S, 1675, 1"^'

g.p. na remend
1540, 4761

1536,9, ina

1759;

d.p.

alliteration

a mistahe, blunder, harm, d.s.

nasin

a radh n-uathaid,

n. the dative case,

ceilli

79

prsta

a participle 300,20
a participle
2668.

(2) infection, declension,

834, reim na proisi 3632

de prois 759, do
;

989

rath

rimm

pronomen

O'Cl.

principal, pre-eminent

4874

prs

fern 1190,1, 4288,90.

1498,

692, cen phosit 730, poisit 694

prm- Lat. primus, prim-aiste a prin-

fid

4252,

reargagn m.

persainn 1104

pin

ii

rait

raith a surety, security 1583. Laws

randaire a part, randaigi 1453

Z.2

n.s.

Wi.

syUable 4102,3,17,30

persu

5495,

letter

Laws

5926,

folloTvers or imitators (?),

Ogham

Book of

he

Chronicles entitled r irapa\enr6/j.va

in Ixx.

an apple-tree 1185,

(i)

5553, 5638 : (2) the

I184, 5519, 5554

17

iii.

351

remendaib 1721,2,60: (3)

800,63 (a) of letter by

do fid for fid 784, 805, 3592,

3742 {p)of tiL'O accentedwords enduig
a verse, orwith dialt etarleime or lorga
fuach (?), taebreim 867, 3593, 3745
letter,

rimmaim

/ rhyme,

reimmthar 3609

infect,

is

as

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

352
/ make

rl(a)iin

clear, 3

s.

pres.

isi

in

chorr cid reil nos-rel 541 inf. fri realad

Wi.
fiiid 1552, rellugud fuit 4781.
;

an

in chiall relait 1098,

remlud

relatmts^

Lat.

relative, cognate,

relalt

reuliait

ciall

adversative case 1529, a remid

rmnlglm / inflect,

decline,

s.

pres.

remnigther 792,7,8, 3614,5

isin reimniugud 878, 4734

pass.

m. (i) a prepositioti
(2) an anteposition 594
320, 2668
(3) an interposition 1595, 4676; n.p.
:

Sg. 220^8
cid ara remtet

remshuidigthi 1692.

rem-tiagaim I precede,
aire remitet

is

5476,

5488

reuma/w 44 1 5,
remaind 2732. Felr: according to
Meyer, a locative use of the verbal
noun rem-in, "in the front drive,"

VBmM.-D.i\ foregoing 1352,

RC.

rank,"

foremost

the

"in

'l"'

reisi

tale (?) 1920, is

i-

Ed.

racas,

in ris,

29:

11,

vii.

y 48 w, y ressach
or (2) res -i- cend
Tbc. 6124
23, 4
res hebrea litera est quae
4176.
res ergo hoc
interpretatur caput.
est quod et primarium nomen, Maro
Ir. T.

21, w,

iii.

V. 27,

by

subj.) hefore,

riesiu tisad 2770, cid siu 387

thing, tnatter, fact, g.s. secip

rt m. a

raeta 5577

5602

d.s. iar ret

g.p. ic

5474.9i 5564.

dathadh na

rset.

Wi.

a streak, stroke, riab, da reib

6033. Din. : cf. re f. (reb^), g. du.

rial)

f.

reib,

W.

raglaim /
ragul a

-i-

sriab, /r.

regulate,

'T. iii. 443

doriagladh 1053

rule, n.s. riagail 1022, riaghul

rched

n. heaven, g.s.

riches

f.

40"= 5,

rlge

apoint, termination, front, claen a

rind 1423,

imma

uaimm

rind 5240, v.

do rind
robad a waming,

do

g.s.

breith robaid

Thc.

rcnat (f.) a small rook (?) 5695

ro-crinim / destroy, 3 s. fut. rochiur

-i.

rofot m. an
rohat

overlength,

rofat

2050,

an overlong, in
cen

2150,

rofot

can rofota 5060, 5128, root

5133,4. e.g. 5138
rogair overshortness, an oversliort 1694,
1941, 2052, 2153, can rogair 5059,
1941,

5123, e.g. 5132, 5144, 5124,7

rogda
ri

f.

Wi.

chosen 5332.

afield, plnin, ros

Fel. ^

! roi oiss
1319,
phps. roi oiss very keen are

LB. Ap.

deer, roe roaitha, /v/.\

26.

roidh

red dye plant (?) 1321, raidh

f.

O'Dav. 937

4638.

ronnaireacht

f.

dis-

dispensing,

a live coal 5261.

O'R.

trihution 5801.

ros great hnowledge eolus 2685.

rofhios, rosa
i^

roifios,
rose,

rofheasa, O'Cl.

'i'

rus

Triads 143, Gl.

sug

in rois

RC. xii. 467

ro-saigim / reach,

rs

5645.

extend, 3

s.

f.,

pres.

cia roich 4528, cia roaig 1454, rosaig

rosouich

4499,
roichit

2917

4529
3

p.

sub.

nad

p.

pass.

co

regdar 1077, co roectar 4073

roscad a dithyramb 928, 3857

roscad a maxim,
g.s.

proverb, precedetit,

sreathaibh roscaigh 337, asretha

rosga 2684.

Laws
copse, rois coelli

1320,

ros coille 4637, ross 297, 2613

5354

Wi.

ML

a stretching, lengthening, length,

du

rand 21 21, oen dialt fri righe,

rigi 5418, rach rigi 4649, Ed. vii.
Triads I16
11^42.
rigi

rind

ross m. a wood,

Wi.

3977.

55,

2343

rs a

12

(conj. followed

resu

metrics

(2)

Gr.

a numher

Aug. 27

96
(l) a

xxxiii.
f.

20

reign, righi 11

(i)

rochiguir 5378

remshuidiugud

res

rm

2802, 5484.

1663

inf.

rlge a

ross, rass duckweed, duckmeat, rass

Cor. Tr.
1320, ros usce 1321, 4638.

Med. Gl.
141
voss flax-seed, ros 1322, 4639.
:

roth m. a
4277

Laws

wheel, g.s. trian roith Il8l,2,

g.p. in tres fidh roth

4378

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
ramna

hJush

redness,

1193,

saGrim / make for,

4292,

5563,4.7, 5645,6

rudrach

(i) a siaying

long on a

too

ai saigius

(2) too

4737,9
sail f. (i)

many rhymes ! roimda cubaidh ann

over much rhyme ihere, O'Dav. 1345

5624,

n.s.
a.s.

2047, 2145 g.s. rudraighe 2144 !

cen rudraigh 1940, rudrach 5058,

Cor.

rudrad,

5108.

O'D.

Fel?

2849

3668

rudhrach, O'CI.

Wi.

sainemail
518, 2989

sainemain m.
mac fuirmid,

ruided 5647. Wi.

ruidles m. peculiar vse

747, 818, 2074,

380,1, ruidljus 2763,4, is e a ruidhles

sainiged m.

420, 2862

sainredach pecu/iar,

shame, hlush,

4292

ruidlista

compar.

ruamna

g.s.

g.p.

especia//y good, distinguished

935

particularised

specialised,

4292

sl
(ro-n) a very splendid secret,

a dichned

rsc m.

littri,

Wi.
hamper 637,

r r 5392.

bark, Jirhin,

face, shame, o rus 5573,

o"

Wi.

rus 5647.

sitheach

invading,

thrusing in,

seb-suidiuerud

g.s.

ni saeb lib 2065.

ivronglv

placing

a handicraft, sairsi 5798

exhausted,
weary,

sated 5932

Wi.

sa/twort,
saland
809.
salannlus
Hog.
sal-chulbdius m. a rhyme at the end

of the quat-

tliird verses

rain, caesura r/iyme, salcuibdis 3840.

T.

iii.

25

130, 20

Meir.

r.

10

samaigim

I put,

5612,

oud saothaid 4307,

(i) a seehing, saididh nell 4291

{i)fullapproach, the complete repetition

at the end of a slanza in the hody of a

poem of the

first accented

ring at the

heginning

saighith
121

p/ace, 3

pres. pass^

s.

samaisc . a three-year-o/d
Wi. Laws

sme

f.

heifer 5764.

rest, (juietness, p/easure,

221

1.

word

of

the
//-.

occur-

poem
/".

iii.

3535.

Satarn mar Satharn

dia sathairnd inid

Goid.~, p.

delight

Wi.

3^

Satharn Saturday,
luad

Wi,

company^ multitude,

sethach

29, X

g.s.f.

Metr.

a hee/ 1283, 4338.

5172,6, 521

2201,3,

particular,

bumhaighthir 434, 518

1936

saethaig

116

iii.

saltrad m. a treadingq\<^, 3935

samad sorrel 808. P. O'C.

sadha 5333- Laws

8,eb false, deceitful,
Wi.

sai^d

f.

Ir.

saball 808
sacc 809

serse

sti'ann,

a.p. saithiu 274.

sdud

]r. T.

to

3673,

a differentiating, separat-

of the first and

5727
rss, vis

proper

sainemain

849, 3460,1

saithe m. a

rn

nietre

in

ing 1299

2650, ruidlesta 1745, ruidliusta 4935

f. (0 an elder tree 5570,1.3, 5647
(2) the Ogham letter v \- trom I193,

ruis

3rii

829, 4654, 1578.83.

ni ruidhilsi

5521,

(?)

in place-names

ruice

f.

1193,

(2)

I170, 2899,

5,

ii'i//oii<hraie

tinnem rucca;
Wi.
5570, tindi rucae 5572.
ruidiud m. a blush, redness 5570,1,

rulce

4249; 5495,

1563,7,9:

s 813

Drong

Cf.

5926.

pres.

s.

p. sedhait, segait

II 54,

1282.

g.s.

shaighius 2847,

1405,

leer

saildrong a

ai

wHIoti'

1373,4,

Ogham

the

seek, sue,

aiges 408,9,

rel. 32

neighbour's land, prescription

353

casc,

88

scalp f. rt^7/> 1230, 4540. Wi.

sc a white-thorn II 54, sceu 4249;
Wi. Laws
1178, sge 4273.
sciath m. a shield, n.p. 2120
scoth a li'ord indsgi 2685, scath
:

1935,

837,
St.

scothegna liord-vcisdom
3138.

Crtt.,

p.

'i'

42

innsce,

H.

4.

571,

18:

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

354
screptra
nailje

hurmor na
na sgrephtra

Scripture^ g.s.

f.

sgreaphtra 2640, do

reir

sduidir 4054.

ag

a studying,

studre^

secha 5175,9.

sechise,

O'Dav.

cf.

T':.

fechad,

where

1338,

I.

Gsbaid

sechem
2610.

seuchim

shittim-wood

298,

SR.

CC.

4224:

D't3K'

ma

Gesenius,

acacias,

Dict.

sechidir

he follows,

s.

dep.

perf.

rosechastar 506, roseichiustar 2959,

Wi.
2974.
sechmall (i) an omission : (2) neg/eccase

tive

1521,

1652,

1883,

1778,9,

Wi,

4978.

neglect, am devoid of
seachmallas o dheilbh
473, ni tsechmallus o deilph 2939

sechmallalm

(o), ni iarsinni

sechmatu /5;* 2369

sechnaim Iseparate, I distinguishf-om
(do), 3 p. pres. sechnait 4014
impf. no-sechantais 4407

eechta

seven things, heptad 430, 2877,

760,

741.2,5,6,7,8,

932,

3 p.

828,

838,

917,

sechtu looi, sechda 3977

fri

sechtmain

f.

a week,y\\ la na seacht-

maine 749, 3518, 3532,7

Sda

six

things

sedhai 3976
a deer segh

sg

re

1227

sis a hand, a
fiarses

iar

fofis

troop, a.p. la seise

5087,

CC.

4303.

sis learning,

shill,
1.

CC. 414

Tbc.

4924

1,

smigud m. a smoothing, aspiration, lenition

Ogham

of an initial consonant, the

H preceding

H + B = Ph

consonant

its

1272, 1264,7, 1271,5,6,7,8, 4322,6,8,

4330,1,2,3

compar. siniu fedhaib 5593,4 ;

4300, senim(?) 807.

old,

super. sioneim

senim feda, Anec.

44

iii.

senchas m.

ancient history, story 553,

a cendfochrus tuis,yfenchas 5386. Wi.

senod

a synod, n.p. senada 6150

senshaill 807

serbiu

bittemess

serbe

3345,

Eg.,

serbi

3489
serind/;-z>/w 8o5.

seimhirin, seithir,

Hog.

sertim
sert

(?)

/ strengthen,

5314;

pret. 3

s.

ser[t]sit

pl-

saer

5316.

Fei:-

sesc

diy, barren, forportaib sesga 1592,

segsa (?) 5317

sesmach

steadfast, stable 6036.

sessach

steadfast,

CC.

strong 939,

I598>

5356, 5360

sessed one-sixth 1448. Laws

sesser m. six persons, a hexad,
2233,9, seser 2237.

sed

raid

seit

1583, for

5513
st m, anythHg

.i'

set

conar 1293,
na aipgitri

valuahle,

chattel, raith air set

seissiur

Wi.

1583

a
;

treasure,
a.p.

sona 2217, seotu 5088

st a bed, seut i- lepaid 4391.

seoto

st

bedding, Aisl.

stim I blow,

3 p. pres. seeit

1292, st

4393
hnowledge, for seis

sofis

479, 738,

2948, 3496. gen. sse,

Metr. : Laws
43
:

g.p,

dim. seg-nat

a vulture, hawk, segh 5693.

Wi.
4. 18

f.

fri

Cor.

seabhac, H.

i-

102 1,

26, 25

iii.

(i) possessing 173

st m. a road, way,

2874,

os 4537, 5601

-i.

trichait sed

5892.

sig

429,

T.

1536, 1676, do sealbhadh 1671

0/ which NoaVs ark was

made, O'R.
seichim m. shechemwood, Arms.
the timber

3382.

tseitchib

/;'.

seitche dligidh,

companion,

(2)

cona

(2) possessive case looo, 1517,31,43

d.s. inna selbad
.1771, i8?o, 1892

sen
(shittim)

wife

like,

selbad m.

stuidar m., Din.

secdacht f. hardness 1313, secucht

4632. Laws
sechad m. a reslraining, cheching, g.s.
:

(i)

f.

follower,

for tosach a stci,

3422

sduidir Lat.

Laws

sitig

RC.

2638,

xxvi. 20,

strad m. a metre proper

to

mac

fuirmid 829, 4654, in sethrad 3673,

setrud 1578, sedradh 1583. /;-. T.
iii.

116

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
snac 807
snithe

sian Blihi /oxg/m'e 806

s6.fau-ylan(, a sith 2805,

sde

sid

5487

a sidhaip 2804,

the fairies, d.p.

5486
sigla signs^ abbreviations 5918, 6106.
Lat. sigilla, Origg. xix. 32,

slad m. a sowing^
na clann 5653

clann 5652,

silad

toiseach 2370

2366

a.s, in

n.s.

in

tillab

Wab

Xoxseach

n.du, in da shillab 88, 1420

int

n.s.

(2)

f.

int

shillab

na

n.du.

s.

syllahles^

syllahic,

2134, aontsiliaopach 3827,

tretsiilsebach 3865,
streich,

4707

s.

siniud

inf.

na haimsire 1564, 4795

sircumflex a circmnflex, sircumplex
Z.- 980-'

4417, 4787.

si^hchaln
slat

f.

thigh,

stem, sirslata

bliasait 609.

609

n.s.

name

of

d.s.

dia

CC.

slasat,

r.

division,

trac-,

version,

= sail = slia

is

half of i\\-&-Qh.\7!) 1728, 4919; n.p.

is

treshlicht 1208,

ire

tslicht

4320,

4316 a delidin litterda, silochta 5310

slisiu 808
slondud m. a natning, surname, patroHxmic, frie sloindedh 2832
smr m. a fire, n.p. smir guail 5633.
tsliocht

Mer.

(?)

-i-

2083, 2793

a compressing, compression

smit forrach 1328,31, 4645

of ear 1333, 4646,8,9. Wi.

lohe

g.s. smitai (?)

4649

a tabairt do'n

reinforcements, help, re/F.n.

5088,95.

691,

CC.

socht silence 2081. Wi.

sd a turning 1273, 4328
sod a "weir, soud 5734. Laws
serda artificial,
sserda

serugud m.
so

O'D.

396,7,8,

an ennobling, a prefixing
1868, 1946, 1980, 2096,

to the li'ord

2155, 5045. 5076, e.g. so-fer 1797,

4989, so-ben 1845, so beun 5028, so-

O'CI.

solam
solma

v. .

hright
-i-

5087,94,

H.

soillsi,

4.

2839
goar -i. solus

Wi.

quichiess

bright,

isin

mBretnus 3208,15.

solus, Cor.

solustur
so/is

Tr. 83

goor gach

Tbc.

brightness, griansolustur lux

^2ig.

somin

Fenichus

Breatnais 633, goour, solus

isin

isin

solasda,

18

quick, sudden 2081.

Laws

wea/th,

1581

profit

g.s-

somaine 4661.
Wi.
so-milis siceet, fresh, compar. somillsi
73I1 3345aquae sive salsae sint
sive dulces, Origg. xiii. 14, i

son a word,
frecrai

smetrach
smit

g.p.

no

descendants, g.s. sliachta (s

ceithir

f.

sources,

solus

slice 808

slicht

sochraide

ssar na

cf.

bard 1996

a p/ant(?) 806

sliasat a

PH.

mac,

soirche

Lat. /.t 4221

j-od, tvjig,

5698, so-s:hIuag a goodly host 5333

youngest 2309, soom 25. s

sam

595,6,8, 910, saorda 2816,7, 2821

4517

extend, lengihen, 3

pres. pass. sinter

Fian.

SO- laudatory prefix, so-bard a noble

bard 1996, so-dath finely coloured

MR. 48, 20:

t-sosar, MR. 58, 15

syl-

Din.

iwisting 6085.

wisted, plailed 809.

younger, O'D.

deisillaebach 4880, 1692, 4517, 4677,

Snim /

snmach spinning,

int

Z? 981*

consisting of syllables,

lahic 5312
sillaebach having

deilidi

91,

141 8

shillaib

di

a p. sillaoba 2745, 3571.

sillabacda

a.s.

Waib 366, 2929,

shillaib toisich 91,

2946;

dedenach

shillab

thoisenach 92

a thread, snaithe 809, 6104,

6085
snmchain fair swimming, s. heda
snmchar fer, Anec. iii. 43 I.
5597.
snmcham, cf. snmach, /;-. Gl. 391
snaithi

snthe

sillab m. f. a syllable (i) m.

siJlab
deighinach 2369, in

355

son ceneoil ind im-

for

924,

forin

son

436,

2888.

Lec.

son

a sound, cia son ger 253,4

786,7,
iar

792,3,4

sund 5473

d.s.

g.s. suin

do soun 4697,

a.s. ria

sunn 5478

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

356
SO-rld

handy,

ready,

easv,

soirthe

g.p.

solrthe

5091,5,8,9.

f.

soi-

ridhe, O'Cl.

3838
(i) a thorn, spinan

no ispin
(2) gooseberry, spinan no spin

I197

PH,

4305,

spnn

RC.

suath(a)im /

srbh m.
I192,

O'Br.

a stream,

SR. 6780: O'Dav.

Colm

115:

336,

iii.

aire ,srabha

ssdraibh

4290.

1491: /r.
Betha
cf.

180,
aliter

pach-saddle, strathar 5725.

f.

sg

Wi.

si m. a

1810,

srephand

3255,

gene

udder

tiiembrane,

4997

g.s.

ln a

srebuinn, Sil. Gad. 90

5801.

sreth

deerstalking

f.

(?)

Cf. sguindeacht, /En.

(i) a series, intan

is

sug
Wi.

387,

sage, n.s. 5310, sai 386,

saithe

2770;

suidim I sit,

sreth 3577,

ae

f.

the

srithiti

75

srn

hreast,

5034.

cil

light
f.

imon

sruithi 2377,

n.p.

Triads

CC.

Cor. Tr. 148

4788.

nose,

1853;

srithide,

taball a

4230
2329

tablet, d.s.

d.p.

2798

tacmains
O'Cl

V.

conas

as

sup. sruitem aicdi

Agall.,

f.

stocc m. a trumpet 1486. PH.

straiph, straif (i) a sloe-bush,

Oghain

letter

in

n.s.

4290,1,

5563,8,9- 5643, saildrong 5521

the

1960.

plead, argue, 3

//

1939

rhyme

or end

pres.

p.

(i)

caesura rhyme offirst and third verseendings of a quatrain 919, 929, a

dtaobcuibdiph an raind 3566

(2)
a rhyme consisting of identical voweh
and of idetitical consonants following
the

3963
end rhyines

tt'o

taeblerg

a sloping plain, sloping land,

Acall.

g.p. 5147, 5152.

f.

consonant,

1396, 766, 1389,

is

in

s.

in

5494,
:

(2)

str, sr 443, 2899

t.

taebomna

gabhus greim 1397; g-s- 1376,8;

n.du. na da
n.p. taebomnai 412
taebomna 937
d.p. do
g.p. 1401
;

thoebomnaib 765, 921

taebrim side or end run or declension

10

1191,2,

tacmaing

tacrait 1961,2, 2l8o, tachraid

taebomna

a trumpeting HTJ.
Lat. clangor tuharum, Origg. iii. 20,

5567,

do-ath-comiccim

of a quatrain 3848, 3858

is

=z

straif

a n-oentabaill II 10,

(to-ad-com-icc) encompasses,

taebchuibdius m.

5602, sruithem 4303. Wi.

Stmlach a thriish 5695.

stocaireacht

644,

taiblibh 44, a dtaiplibh

the vorvels, brass 7 lass

sroin 5787

srorca, sorcha bright 5700

srulth venerable, compar.

st

iii.

stream of milk

sridit

srithide fola,

sroll

the passage or

f.

from

degree

PH.

afail 5727.

taebchubaid

T.

14

srithid

suides 408, 411, 2848,

the superlative

suadh 553,

/r.

3194;

553,

g.p.

3267

taccraim /

Cf.

2769

n.p. saithi

2851

sreathaibh 337, a sretha 2684

(2)
a thread of alliteration, iar srethaib
3194.

sug

lossa 5572,

suad 498, 508, 2967,8

surrounds,

30,

2438.

1809,

in tsrepaind 5001, 3258.

srguindeacht

suaiti

g.du. 4644

SSt

srebann

impf. pass.

s.

pass.

sap, juice, tri

superlait

Ailt. 23, 17

srathar

suail

ri

Wi.

g.s.

g.s.

sraba

aire

hnead, 3

part.

p.

in rois 5645.

a gooseberry bush II97, 4304.

Three Med. Gl.

T.

467

xii.

Din.

mean,

little,

1604, n sail 5366

2440,1

f:

gabud 5452,4

(?) danger A-

a rope, cabie 6149.

saillT^w, small,

sossad a duuelling, ahode 5310. Wi.

soud-culpdius an intemal rhyme
spn

suad
suag

(l) in ^oeiry, perfect alliteration 785,

(2) in prose, everything
923, 3743,5
:

ivhich

is

not full declension, external

fiexion 795,6, 876, 3750 v.

rimm

(/3)

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
taebta

(i) a sidijig

fnisting

li'it/i,

(2)

comitative case 1526, 1653

ta

ti, toi, t,

1473
1479

n.

no

tai

tircim /
i-

taoi i-tostacii, O'Cl.

cause^ refer lo, feudhair

effect^

tairgither fair477l, feghair

gither 4777.

ni taircither,

tairisem an abiding,
fo fid

a ed

silent, still, tse

I484, 4576,7, to od
compar. tuiu 1484, tatiu

tair-

Ml. 17*

consisting, tairisem

(2) trespas-

1527, thairrsci 1654,

1787,

O'D.

Laws
taisselbaim lascvihe, attribute,publish,
rotaiselbad I047, dot. 1766, co taisel-

bad 1763
taistel a traversing, journey, voyage
7

tastel,

taithmech. a

loosening,

explafiation,

derivation 1315,9, 2718, 2949,

taimeth 3439
a mentioning,

taithmet
1452

denom.

s.

tl an adze S726.

tamall

tamall

1082, 4077.

slenderness,

ar

i^

contempt^
olc,

C.P.

i.

cf.

n.p.

g.?.

m.

tnant/irowing,
to

t/te

a word,

160 j, 1695, 1804, 1850, 1872,

q.v.

1948, 1998, 2103, 2152, 2165, 4686,

4882, 4991, 5067, 5370,3

dar/:, darl;-grey

Wi.
Wi.

5699.

teny;-, a dechned, tenn 5397.

RC,
tenn

XX. 152,
strong,

tarmfortcind

iartharsna

O'Mllov Gr. 137

tinnem

super.

intetise,

ruccae 5570

tennad m. an

itnpressing, etnp/iasisittg,

I108

terc

cutting,

d.s.

selectioti

Wi.

don

1764,

391,

tebi 2, iar tebiu

1763

scarce, scanty, a formolad, terc-du

Cf.

RC.

being

where

XX. 150,

wrongly as a

it

is

the ex.

dechtied,

tenti

sparseness,

scaniiness,

ar

terci

2942, teirce feuda 3662

savittg, deliverance, teasar-

die,

s.

pres. rel. in

s.

pres. subj.

Wb. I5''28
tiarmracht

f.

ba bas ni thias 5393.

(i) a following

na lurgan 5782, cearttharsna across

dar fartharsna t/iwartness,
5783.8.
:

Dep.

tan degas a bas, on tiagas Eg. 5552

verse, n.s. in

at/iwart, wit/i gen.

441

Cf. Ml.

Str.

addition of t/te syllahle tot

tiagalm bs /

tharraib 5152

xiv.

telgud noe

Arc/i,

RC.

65=^1

n-ire,

4609
g.p. imrecru
na tarmthortcheand 920, 3567. Cat/i
Ruis R. 168 //-. r. iii. 130
tarr f. belly, bac/i, fo tarrib 5147, fo

tarsna

n.

aiged

/ pnt away,

(to-ailh-cuiriur)

imme-thecrathar
p. 96,

/tospice

taig

pret. 3 s. ros-tecair 2189.

s.

gain 483, 2955

tair

tarmfortcend 1514;
;

monastery,

1932.

'tarmforcenn m. end of a
1261, 4609

deime tebede

of guests,

n. /louse

cen tar

BB. 299 a 45

2446,

materia/,

Vit. Sanct.

Pl.

tessargon a

disgrace,

Cor.

160

288,

/lerb,

selected,

off,

Iris/i

5300.

terce

tanoigecht 3258

tr

cut

tech n-ored

cited

Aisl.

rjinement^fitieness 5000,

f.

tth luib

569, teibidi 4994, teipidi 5052

tepe a

thanacht 2943

tanalf^echt

cement

Lavvs

tebede

5396.

t/iinness,

f.

g/ue,

expressing tension 1552, 4782.

c/ieese

f.

pres. rotathmetaid-

pause (?) 1932. Cf.

Arc/i. C.P. i. 160:

n-ire,

tanach
tanacht

counting

Wi.

w/iile,

BB. 299 ^

telling,

3438,

PH.

side 1500.

2581, 2603.

temen

J/o/.

solder,

Tbc.

tthluibh cement 267,

tecraim
trespassing

tharrsce 1885, tairrsgi 4983.

5291.7.

AisL

of an

5811,8

tairsce (1) a
sive case

dissolution ;

1274.

a od

tai

1473,

tth

357

(2)

progenitive case 1525, l663

tiasca

liegittning,

4961, 5020.

Cf.

ticalod

Tiglaih, the

tigbae

/ast,

5334-

tige

tiasca

1760,

r.

Tigris (?) 2283

tigba

wiih no survivor,

Wi.

t/iickness,

Laws

in

O'Dav. 1564

denstty

1323,

4640.

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

358
timarta

a short vowel or syllab/e, Lat.

correptiim 1358, 1550

tindell

ati iinyoking,

tion 1247,8,

answer, explatta-

4363,4

(2) aspiraiion, n.s. 435, 768,

g.s. noit
1267, 4325

2883,

tinfid

tinfid

768,

1231,

4548

cu

d.s.

tinfiudh 434, co dtinfed

Meir.

1733,

2882.

Cf.

tinfedaigud an aspirate 344

attenuating, vanishing

tiniud m. an
(i)

quulend no trom

holly A-

1180,1, 4276,7, 5495, 5634:

(2) the Oghatn letter t 2899; 1274,

5518,

4328

3019

n.s.

tindscital

485, in tindscedul 486, in tinsgetal

Wi.
tinugud m. a becoming
vanishitig 3561,
atuellt^Ti',

attetiuated,

4548
;

dim. tiprn 5109,13.

agricultural, rustic^

agriculture,

ogam

t.

5724

lucht na

dachta 5473
titul a superscription, arin

titul

tir-

165

LU. 9^14
tiug-thol a

last ii'ish, a

thigthol 5290,

Death Tales
tveahiess, feeble-

5248, cen tlsi 5251.

tlaisi

tls, O'R.
Laws
tadfire \- teine 4544. Metr.
te f. sitetice, n.s. in toe tengadh 909,
:

in toi 3791

Atiec. V.

23

t tongue 751.

tobarthid

vocative

togar-

g.s.

case,

4826, togarthada 1668,

164.4,6,

toghorta 4847
d.s. do thogartaidh
1671, 4850. Wi.
;

saci, destroy,

s.

toimsigim / measure,

p. pass.

Wi.

rotoghladh in Trae 1123.

pres. pass.

s.

toimsigther 4808,9
3 p, toimsigtir
4602
3 s. impf. pass. no-thomh;

sidhe 929,

measure,

3857.

Cf.

toimsiter

739,

I012, 1509,10,11
thitik,

atn of opinion,

denom. toimtiu,

rotoimtnigedar 151.

Wi,
(do-fo rind)

signifv, 3

s.

pres.

iar

/ mark
n-inni

out,

thoirni

Wi.
1895,7, toirnes 1568.
toirne a share, portion 3889. Laws
O'Dav. 1497
tirnid m. a broad marher, measurer,
lethan-thoirnid 4S0, 2913
\.o\xvc\A^xs m. pregtiaticy, don t. 5778.
:

toirches,

Laws

the vjhole, Lat. totus, n.s. in toiti

f.

664, in toit 3279 ; g.s. dar

eis

na

664, 3279; d.s. do toit 2651.

toit -i' uiHataidh no uilidhe, O'Cl.

toraa.iste metrical rhyhm 928, tomusti

3857. aircedal 'i- tomsidhe, Anec. v.
24,

I,

10 n.

tomus m

measure,

751
927,

d.s.

tom.us 1400, do

1660,

tobarta

d.s. ina thobartaid 1677,

g.s.

4838,

tobar-

1667,

4846

4856

thomus

3856, co tomus 1950;

aenfidh fregras in tomus 1382.

a.s.

tnensiira

1687,

cinteacht shiolladh a

4753

Lat.

750,3,4,5,6,8, 917, 943, 962, toimes

Lec.

dative case, n.s.

1647,

nolomhusti

CC. 4062
toimslm /

v. ti

tobartada 1645,

tacha

ataboing tui 5458.

mban beth i tai,

a.s.

dliged na

d.s. is e

tada

inna

d.s.

toiti

tlacht protectioti 1 960.

tlse softness, timidity,
cen

togarthid

toit

a thiugthol 5296

n'ss,

togarmann 4754
thogairm 1676, 4856

(2)

1881,

1520, 1774,

4741,

tirndim

2957-

f.

(l) a callitig, sumtnonitig

vocative case, n.s.

toimtnigim /

2286
tinscetal a beginning^

tlrdacht

Laws

tinne an ingot, tindi rucc 5572. Fel.'^

tinnlocud m. a givitig up^ deliveritig
4753- tidlacad, Laws
tinltach m. a collector, /ounder, chief

tipra
Wi.
trda

te
tograirm

toglaim /

Trip.

769.

tlnne

of yarn, gan

a witiding up

tochrus 2109.

tinfed, tinfeth (i) a breath

4925

tochrus

defitiite

ofsyllables, 0" Molloy Gr.

tiuttiher

149

tn f. tail, Lat. podex, g.p. 5242. Wi.

tond f. shin, surface, etid 18 16, o thuind
co tuind 1726, 4917.

Wi.

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
trand
^^yi

denotaiion, signijication, hound-

moaum

is

g'-s-

toraind

2796.

U'Mulc. 823

torathor a

monster,

monstrositv,

torc a

boar, a prince 5230

5357 killing, destroying,
torghan HB.

m.

(l)

tormach 3790
1528, 1654

increasing,

in

(2) augmentative case

O'D.

1609,

water

4890

1612,3,7,9,

1620,

on

e.g.

1804,

ferthot 1695,6, fertout 4882, feurtot

4991, bentot 1850, saerthot slantot
tot -i^
n-P- caemthuit 2233.
5373
;

tormn \- tonn, H. 4, 18
toth everything feminine, todh

mbanda

cach

1465, 4560, 1236, 4558, tod

1459, 1462, 1493,6,9,

tothlugud m. an

dod 1468
demanding

502,8,

asking,

(i) possession, propery, ad-

{2) propriety in poetic praising,

e.g. a hero by a hero
5256, co

5064, 5234, 5244,

Wi.
Triads: O'Dav.

1950,
Cf.

5254.

/r.

/'.

to-tluchur /

ask,

demand,

pret.

s.

mo

tr-i-tn' neithe,

H.

4. 18

573, 3039

tracht a

strand,shore 1229, 4540

for milaib trachtamuigi 2393.

treth
1236,

everything neuler
1475.6,

g.s.

Laws

1465, 4561,

1480,5,7,

1493,6,9,

1502,8, troth 1458, 1461, trast 1468.

troth

Cor.

three

things

d.p.

three-

2868,

426,

2901

671,2, 796, 1020, 1296

treidhib 665, 3281

tr-fhocul

m.

negatively
filidecht,

5057-62

(l)

as

chiefly

xii.

matter

to

of poetry
laws of

form

to

(2) xxii. laxvs

as

chiefly

iaws

the

stated

1940-3,

of bairdne,

192839;

n.s.

1928,9, 1939, 1940, 2018, in trefocal

g.s. tlacht in trefocuil

2017, 2130

d.s.

1960

trefocul 2078, isin

t. 2188, asin t. 2180

tregdae pierced 6090
tregtad m. (i) a transpiercing : (2)

perforative case,

n tregdad 1724,6,
1780, tregdhadh 1528, 1654, treghdad
Wi.
1723, 1883.

treith wea^ 1475, 4583.

trn

compar.

strong,

5564

ruamna 5563,7.
n.s.

n.

5555,

guidance,

means,

treorach

3403.

g.s.

5556, tresiu

fedma

Wi.

strength,

5429

Wi.

iresi

tresim

sup.

-x-

nemh

trerald
2913,
TSh.

guue,

neachtarda, H.

4.

18

litirtreoraid

legtreoraid

tressach warltke

121

lii.

darothlaig no torothlaig 4002

tr 'V do rae chugainn no rae uainn no
is

trde

Xxt\.\\iebach

3865

tothucht

1568

Tbc, trelurgach three-

5836,

syllahled

treir

1032, 3988, II07

tothocht

trebrichta trip/e

three,

ridged 5835,

1027

mans

the onomatopoetic sound of a

fertot

1816

g.pl. 1413,

comp.

in

1264, 4322

tarraigther cois 3399, fristartaigther

Eg., lapis dicitur eo quod leidit peidim

lody falling

afoot, n.s. 18 11, 1409,11, 5276,

f-

troich 771

stemmed

tornracht f. the tiimer^s craft 5799.

Laws
torrach pregnant 5774
to-srigrur / violate, injure, Lat. laedo,
3 s. pres. lapis o rada fri gach ni

3396.

Cor.

octosyllabic 3712, tredriaimnech three-

O'R.

torT

junct

traig
tre-

5295

tot

trg, trig f. strand 6103

traide f. quichiess 510. ST.
Tr. 162

chotut, co ndorthor 5289, iar torthor

tormach

359

trian m.

s.

iii.

5549.

/.)

5357

in trian

935,
o trian 935; n.du.

na da trian 936
trian (l) holly : (2)
tri'an

n.s.

449,

treraidhe,

940, {sic

one-third,

1181, 1448; d

450.

the

trian

-i-

Ogham

letter t,

cuilenn, Anec.

43

trath m.
fher,

king, lord, a oen,

marginal

gl.

do thren-

triadi[b]

5335.

of malt

4539.

Metr.
triosgr grains,

O'R.

refuse

::

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

36o
trrech
tririg

f.

lay,

trcaire

f.

mercv,

trethaim /

'L?l\..

pietas

4214

overpcrwer, suppress, 3
;

s.

an elder tree I155, 4250, 4292,

tromm m. Triads
metaphor, figure of
in trop 2567, trin-troip

tropus,

speech, a.s. tri

Mi. 15*2

trop,

5512.

g.s. in truip

f.

truitec

starling

3224

Cor.

Tr.

5694.

a thuaigh 1278.

d.s.

compose, 3

stitch,

(2) descriptive case 1529, 15 30,

f.

caiise,

t.

denma

737,

3987, tugait bindi5j: 629,

Lat. periphrasis Gr. Lat. v. 308, 15,
1032,

tucait 632,4, tucait a scribind 1106,

2320,6, 2347.

tuignech

rohe,

f.

Hib. Min.

cloak,

tuirem

f.

cape,

as

adj.

4468

aimm

(i) a stitching, seam, union

n.

(3) alliteration 5479, 781

rind

a recoiinting, a numher, n.s.

na gcinedh 3378
tuirme glonn 940

ni certtuirem

(do-srim)

n.p.

2205,6.

Ir. T.

uais m.

imper. tir 5194. /v/.^

tuisel m. a case (in grammar) 783,
5277, tuisil 3591, tuissel 4862
tuismiud m. a begetting, origin 481,
s.

word

480,2,3,5, 2905,7

tuistide

(l")

n.p. tuistidi 446,7,

Wi.

2951,4,6,8.

a parent

(2) parentative

case 1523, 1670, 1889, tuistiudh 1891.

tustige,

PH.

Lat.

2450,

/ranhincense,

2614.

PH.

incense,

RC.

xii.

the

121, c

is

ad-

e in t-uais,

O'Dav. 112

uls

noble, ier bfiordliged fothu an

gotha uais toghaidhe 2648. uis iduine asal, H. 4. 18 O'CI.
Gor.
O'Dav. 788 Laws
:

aite

f.

singularitv, singleness, oneness,

inn uaite 903, 944, 962,3

uartan some agriculturalinstrument (?),
huartan 5726. Cf. uairtnech .i- in bo
risin

mbalgum, Laws

fuartanach anodyne,

243 3i

over,
^

tiar tair

ath

above

tis

260

O'D.

and

cf.

(l) white thorn, n.s. huath 432,

(i)

(2) the letter

1408, 5491

singular

numher,

3756
a.s.

g.s.

Wi.

horror

5628,9,

5234

horrible II95, 5547, 5699.

Thc.
athad (i) unity, fewness 1098 :

1846

tis

below,

2215

1230, 1270, 4335

ath

v.

uaso 144, uais

3 pl.

as

salann no

risin

HB.

766, 1176,7, 4272:

325,6,

ius,

in

2211, e g.

slight poverty,

uais 2476.

huatha 5699.

625,6

tuistid m. a parent,

30, c

iii.

poverty,

foirithed

as, s

scrutinise, search,

end

alliteration at ihe

of a verse, the word in the second verse

blegar risin uartan

Acall.

sheltering 5147,52

tirim

pres.

s.

pass. co n-uaigiter 954, dib fuigther

first by one syllable 2205,

tuccait

tuis

S151

agrim / se-w,

exceeding the alliterating

Wi.

a bow 1877.

f.

n.s.

1655, 1889, 1891

f.

descendant,

hue 5146, ind uea

1638, 3587

n-Imagallaim
poet, sage, g.du.
na Da Thuar 1328, in Da Suadh
no in Da Tuarad 4644. RC. xxvi 8
tarascbail f. (i) a describing, descrip-

ts

grandsojt,
n.p. ind

aimm do

an axe,

f.

tna,r a

dim.

Wi.

tion

m.

161

O'C.

tag

ua

truld m.
P.

Death
tuathmar 4302,4

5335 (2) a composition, ni huaim 781,

raid-uaim 782
g.s. re huamma 780,

40*= 19

tagr

/W/ri',

5262,6

5518.

trop Lat.

O'MuIc. 870: (2)

CC.
O'Dav.
Tales, tutmur 5604,

(i)

a thraetlias

rei.

3 p. pres. trcethait 1477,

tthmar
1265

Wi.

1480.

trom

issin

stron^-smelling, fetid,

pres. traethaid 1485

1481, 4581

poent,

lyric,

Wi.

5351-

d.s.

singular,

(2)

(2)
g.s.

323, 1641,7, 2671,2,

2058, cen uathad

fii

ilar

without a singular with a plural 1942,

5058, e.g. mora, alaind 5185,9

GLOSSARIAL INDEX
atlglm / make

singe,

3 p. pres, uaitighit

uatuaslalctecli

Cf.

Laws
aHthorily\

(written')

authority,

PH,

3379.

the
(2)
5664,5 :
5524,
diphthong ui I197, 4303:

edlend
Og/iam
the

(3)

Ogham y andvL tnedial 1368, 4423

uinge
an ounce 1286, 1290, 1735.
f.

Ascoli cxxxviii.

uinnius

f.

n.s.

uinnius I173,

4248

5522,

ulsec

f.

umaideacht

f.

6rassKork 5803,

Cf.

umaide, Wi.

mda = immda
mla

n.p.

iumda,

PH.

xinit

688,

2098, 2146,

of

&

(2) exa/tation,

to the

word 1946,

a fhorard
1997, a irard 5078, e.g. fer-a 1798,
2176,

5341,

mna

1847,

ma

iii.

chor-a

5342

ur-bernad
ni

ur-dlta

837. Wi.
(l) a capturing, seizing,

dejinite, in aisti u.

ursabl
a

a Lreach, gap, share, part,

da hurbernadh 3385
f.

gan urgabail 1824

(2)
5338. Wi.
:

receptac/e, oilurgbil

urluime

readiness, preparation, /eading

li'ords,

tri

urluimi

herlanna 3026.

524,

cf.

tri

txXxaz preparedness

Laws
a great part 2640.

fur-mhr

m. Donl.
(l)

f-usgan,

i>rush
(?) 5728.
(2) grease Eg. G/.

/leat/ier

HB.

VLScB, greasy, resin-co/oured

3317: Origg,

3, I

unnse

(i) very high

the addition

usca
4306

Lat. obsequium 4219

nair a

5522.

urmr

a /ark 5696

is

-i. fraech (2) t/u Og/iam

I194, 4297, 5587, ! draighen
r, LL. 38''37

arresting,

an ash,

uindsiu liS3i uindis

4269, I174 ; d.s. uindsind
uinsenn, Gor.
ind
1172,5, 4268.
huinnius ardd, Sg. 67*11

uinius

sing. benn-a pl.

honeysuck/e

(i)

do uir 5585,
Wi.

(l) /leath

urard

uilidecht f. tota/ity 3798

ullidetu tota/ity, n.s. a huiletaighie
2304; d.s. do uilideataid 51, 2339.

Laws
uilleand

earth, mou/d,

f.

uir 5652, o uir 5654.

/etter

urdardas, augtortas m.
/listorv

r, ir
i

E.g. Eusehi Chron.

131.

ondor 1495, uindse no sonnse 3348.

Metr.

analytic, explanatorv,

f.

rare,

2153

(hmomtraiive 3460.

usrdaracht

I make

361

usgadh

goose-grease,

O'R.

5701.
uscaide

(ji)
;

/ardy, Aisl.

m.,

unnsi

f.,

onnar

n. here is

648,9, uindse 705, unse 706,8, 717,

uinnse i8c6, 1875, uindius, uindsi,

usce Lat. aqua 1090, 4092

usceach pertaining to water,
ogam u. 5732

water^,

INDEX OF PLACES, TRIBES, AND

NATIONS
9Ej

Ae Chualand

Sliabh Chualand in

Leinster, or (Cruachan)

Achaid Accad
Gen.

confused

Achaidh

isind

with

251,

and

Dacia,

Ac/iaia,

27:

4,

Origg.

Actain

223,

2538,

Achuid, y//. 30, 46, Acit 55, 28

Afraicda African 6148
Ailech Greenan Ely on Isthmus
between Innishowen and mainland,
Alani, Origg.

ALlt. 30, 47,

Alba

d'feraiph

Albain

ix.

94: 223,

Albani, Origg.

Belfast

on

the

south of

Lough, Co. Down, Beanchar

ix.

Berba the river Barrow 5263, 5681

Bethain Bithvni Bithynia, Origg. xiv.
39
2533

3,

Boid
II

221, /Elt. 30, 45, Beithin 216,

Boeoti Boeotia,
222,

Boit

Origg. xiv. 4,
Boet, yE/t.

2537,

55, 27

in

fer

226,

Braghmaint 2542, Bragmain, ^lt.

50

31,

Scotland,

Alpan 2630

yElt. 30, 47, Alpain

Albanach

2,

AUain 2539

(^Britairi)

f.

Bendchor Bangor

Brag'main Brachmanae, Bramain

Co. Donegal, JE Ailig 5318

Alln

76

2,

5703

Achia Achaia, ndAchia 388

Achid Aquitani Aquitania,
xiv.

Athenienses, Origg. ix.

223, Ailt. 30, 46, Acain 2538

with Asia, q.v.

later

Athain

in the plain of Shinar,

10:

X.

A 5691

Bretain

Brittones, Origg. ix. 2,

102

222, Ailt. 30, 45, Britain 2537

2,

65

223,

Britania Britannia,

Bruiden

2539

Scosman, d.p. fer d'Alban-

f.

Bruiden

Britainia 2812

Da Derga

in crch

Cualann 5688

achaib 75

Ard Cartaind
meath 1222,
Luachra4532

Carrthand in WestChairtend i Sliab

30,

Aru

45, Calcaneinsis

Catt
2,

Armaint 253S, Armein,

61

Alt.

46
Ara, a river flowing through the

town

of

Tipperarjr

(^Tipra

Arann')

5686

Asia

Asia, isinn Aisia 2571, a nAisia

2771,4139
362

in

the land of

Shinar, Chalanne, Origg. xv.

I,

13,

the place where Gaedel wrote Gaelic

Ard Cuis 1222, A Chuisi 4531

Ard macha Armagh 5708
Armoin Armenii, Origg. ix.
222,

Calcanensis Calneh

2330

a river-pool 5683

dara

Cell

Cera

in

Kildare, Quell dara 5706

barony of Carra, Co. Mayo,

Cerae 5689
Ciclaid Cyclades 219, Alt. 30,
Ciclait 2534
Circir Citii, id est, Cyprii, Origg.
2,

36

5388

218, Siccir 2534, Cicir,

Alt. 30, 43,

Cypri

55, 25

43,

ix.

PH,

INDEX OF PLACES, TRIBES, AND NATIONS

Cluain maccu nois

Clumacnois on

west border of

the

barony of

the

Garrycastle and of King's Co., eight

miles south-west of Athlone 5705

Collamalr

Munster

in

(?),

5109, Collammair 5113

Corann a barony of Co.

Collamair

Uuorann 5689
Corsic Covsi Corsica, Origg,
41

but

Liias Drumlease, a parish in

Dromahaire, Leitrim 5391
Durmag Durrow in Ossory, a parish
and town in the barony of Clarallagh,
Queen's Co., part of tbe parish is in

Durmach 5705

Ebra

6,

15-16: 219, 2535, ^lt. 30, 43

ix.

2,

67

2541,

226, 2541, A^Jt. 31, 49

Dordain 226,

Origg,
Dardain

2541, /Elt. 31, 49

Delbna Delvm

D.

Connacht 5102,
5133

Derg

Egvpt,

g.s. Egipti 17, na

2301
d.s.
i
nEgipt 16,
2299, a hEigipht lioS; a.s, co
Eigipt 1041
adj. Aipgitir Egipta
f.

hEigipti

6145
Elgr f. Ireland 3376, Elg, Ealg 3540
Eile Ely in North Munster, comprising
the baronies of CIonlisk and

d Lochse in
nduain Delmna

tre
i

226,

50

Egipt

Dacia 226
Dalmatae Dalmatia, Origg.

Dardain Dardani Dardanus,

.Elt. 31, 49,

Aegvptii, Origg. ix. 2, 39

;

xiv. 4, 8

Ebraide

aipgitir

do Eaphradaiph 2548, 3993

Egept

31,

Dacla Dacia, nDacia 1105

Daic Daci, Origg. ix. 2, 90:

Hehrew,

1263, berla n-Ebraidi 189, 2498, pa

Egiptda 2542
a.s, hEcipta 2549,
hEceptacta 3993, hEgeftagda 234
a.p. na hEigipti 4055, Egeipt, /Elt.

Cuailnge Coolev in Louth 5350

Cusrat a river-pool 5683

Dalmait

a Hehrew, d.p. do Ebraib 233,

1040

Ebraide
xiv.

219, ^lt. 30, 43, Coirsic 2535

Cretes Creta, Origg. xiv. 6,

Druim

the barony of Galmoy, Co. Kilkenny,

Sh'go,

which of old included also Gailenga

in Co. Mayo and Luighne in Co.
Sligo, or (Bruiden Chisi) Corann,

Creit

363

Bally-

King's Co., and of Ikerrin

and Eliogarty in Co. Tipperary, K.
brit

in

5328
the river Derg, Co. Tyrone,

1.

Dergderc Z. Derg between Killaloe

and Portumna 5682
Dind rg Burgage moat in townland
of BalIyknockan south of Leighlinbridge on the west bank of the
Barrow, an ancient palace of the
kings of Leinster 5689

Doire Luran Derryloran,

parish

Emain Macha Navan

fort

Emain 5691

5229,

Eobul a river or lake 56*6

Eoganacht a coUective name
descended

septs

from

son of OiIiII Olom, CZ.

for E. 5216, 5221

a plain in the north-west of

the plain of Shinar,

mag nDoraimh

in

Roe

Newion - Limavaddy,

Park near
Co.
Derry,

Mrdail held there A.D. 590 (or 587,

or 574), d. Ceata 1472, 4574

ihe

viii.

303, 25,

Eotenam

a city on the plain o Shinar

where Fenius Farsaid established his

school

of

languages, apud

E. 214,

Euateno 2531

Erbos

154

Druim Cetta

of

Eogan Mor,

Lebar Cindfaelad was written, Daire

Luran 69, 2643, Doire Luruain 2623,
nDoire Lurain 2639

Doramh

the

Armagh, two miles west of Armagh

town 735, Emin Macha 2636, Emhain
Machuo 3493, Macha im Mumain

near Crookstown, Co, Tirone, where

in

parlsh of Eglish, barony and Co, of

the river on isjhich

hattU of Cuil

was fought the

ii.
120

Fabhair, K,

5686

rennach

Irish,

Irishma, g.s,

guth Eirennach 3540, 3377

75,

364

INDEX OF PLACES, TRIBES AND NATIONS

riu

f.

lieland, n.s.

3376, 3540
d.s.

nEirinn 3377

Eire 4150
Hispani, Origg.

224,

Espain 2539,

/Elu

30, 47

EIssill Elisaei, Origg.

StaiU

Fl

1327,

liEspain,

ix.

34

2,

225,

1325
Ori^g.

ix.

10

2,

Origg.

(?),

filid

Fail 5385, Insi Fail

5267
a town, see, and parish

Wexford, K.

Pebal Loch

43

217,

223, /E/t.

5228, dinn

Clonmel,

Prainc

Femin

Flath

Femin 5688

Firbolgs,

1495, iar bFeraib

Franci,

iar

Bolg

Feraib

Bolg 4556

Origg.

ix.

loi

2,

Frisii 224, 2540, Fresin, Ailt.

31,48

42,

2,

Ircair

47,

rivers,

f.

becc

wzoV,

5682

Ile

f.

the southernmost island

Is/ay,

of the inner

Hebrides, Argyllshire,

Indiurnn a
Inis Cin

river-pool 5686

in Louth and
do Inis Cin
5298. aiged Indsi Cain 5300,5
Inis Cathaig Scattery Is/and in the
Shannon, A.U. Inse Cathaig 531 1
Inis Pil Ireland Insi P'ail 5267

Inishheen

Monaghan,

A.U.

Gabal

the river of Fid Gaible, Feeguile,

King's Co. 5684
Gabar f. Goivra, Gabhair Aichle, hill
or the
of Skreen, near Tara, K.
island
fortress
of
Loch Gabor,
" Lagore," 5690
Gailli Gat/i, Origg. ix. 2, 104, 106

Innecdai

218, Gaill 2533, A/t. 30,

Galaid Ga/atae, Origg. ix.

II05, Issrael 4139

Itail Ita/i, Origg. ix.

in

4'i

2,

Galus 2538, Galait, A/t.

a Vihing,

68

30,

222,

46

n-Airthir near the

seat of

Oenach Carmain,

nGarmon 5690

Germain

Germani, Origg.

217, 2533
Goith Gothi
:

ix.

2,

227,

Indecda 2542
Iraird C/ain Eraird, C/onard, a
parish and bishopric on ihe Boyne
in Co. Meath and near Co. Kildare,
hlrard 5705

Israel

the chi/dren

of Israe/, mic Israel

2,

85

224, Etail

2539, ^E/t. 30, 47

ford of Ath Luain, or eclipsed form

Carman,

Indi, Origg.

Ai/t. 31, 50,

Gallogam 6157

Garman Druim

187

ix.

30,

Scotland, Iliu 5691

224, .Elt. 31, 48, Affrainc 2540

27, 89

^/t.

Foyle 5681

to

Pir Bolg

hOn, Othain
Fahan, Onom.

5703

a plain which extended from

Cashel

of

89

2,

2534.9

Pearna Fems,

Gall

ix.

2539, Guich,

Hibernia f. Ire/and 5466

Hircain Hircani, Origg.

Ireland,

Preisin

Getae

Guit 217,

47

30,

1060, la

Grecca 4098
Grian the river Granev which falls
into L. Graney, Co. Clare, Onom,
nGrian 5684
la

^lt.

Etheoip,

2541,

50

Pemen

515,6; a.p. la Grego

224,

Aethiopes,

Eithiop

in Co.

Greco 1359,

109

2,

Greeks, n.p. Gregaig 2484,

4028, Greicc 4036 d.p. do Grecaib

19, 41, 516, 29S4, di Grecaib 202 ;

Guith

Italia

226,

Greic m.

g.p.
ix.

2541

Ethioip
31,

cetnarogaph

a.s.

Ssbain

Eisil

1327, Eire

Eiri

Erenn 5157, 5167

g-s.

ix.

2,

97

Lacdemoin
2,

81

31, 49,

Lacedaemones, Origg.

ix.

225, Laicdemoin 2540, /FJt^

Lacdemonnai

55, 31

Laisnech a Leinsterman 5148, 5153

Latinda Latin, Latins 421,2, Laitianta
1259, Laitianda 1263, 4028

a Magog, Origg.

ix.

2,

224, 2539, ^tt. 30, 47, Gothi

Lemaln
Co.

in

Leth Cuinn, near Clogher,

Tyrone,

Lemna 5262

Trip.,

g.s.

Ua

rig

INDEX OF PLACES, TRIBES, AND NATIONS

Iietha,

Latium i.e. Italy, Rome, gu

Letha 5163, co ILetha 5237
Liath Liath Mhanchin, parish of
Lemanaf;han, King's Co. 5703
Life, Liphe the Liffev, otha Liphi gu
Letha 5163, 5237, a hill over the
K.

Liffev,

Loch

284 5688
Fhlaind Locha

ii.

g.s.

same

h'nib

I,

14

225, Laidich 2540,

Longbaird
95

Luingohardi, Origg.

225, 2540,

Luigdin
-/-.7/.

Luidl

^E"//.

ix.

2,

31,48

30, 42,
L.vdii,

Origg.

ix. 2, 3

31,48
Luimnech Estuary 0/

ALoyra, a parish and town-

land in ihe barony of

Co. Down,
72, 2626

Mag

Tuired

tirra

West,

Siigo,

K.

g.?.

Lower Iveagh,
cath Muighi Rath

\Loytirra East

barony of
cath

and Moy.
Co.

Tirerril,

Muige

Tuireg

5045
.Vagogii (?),
arbitrantur Scythas et

originem,

Magoig

Origg.
2537,

46
Ma.ig the plain,
Mui^i 5221

Maig'idon
:

Magog
Gothos

ix.

2,

a quo

traxisse

27

222,

Magoich, /Elt.

Maige 5216,

ALacedones,

Origg.

fer

ix.

2,

120,2

Maistiu
Massail

Origg.

ix.

2,

118,9,

220, 2536, mir, ^Ell. 30, 44

Mullaghmast 869, 3605

Massyli, Oigg. ix. 2, 123
220, ALisgusa 2536, Masail, .Elt.
30,

half miles west of Castledermot, Co.

Kildare, On.

:
5707
a river-pool

VoW-mount^

which enters the Barrow north

New Ross (?) 07iom.sub.m\MMt\

river,

Muir Ponteca

the

Black Sea 3343

a Munsterman 5149, 5154

and

island

church 5703
Narboin Narbona, Origg. xv. I, 64
221, ^lt. 30, 45, Narmaint 2537

Mount Nephin, parish of

Addergoole, barony of Tirawley, Co.
Mayo, K. iii. 302 5688
:

liver

Nith of the Boyne, Nid

5681, Onom.

Nobith Numidae, Origg.

120-2

ix. 2,

Nombith 2537, Nombithi,

221,

Norith
xiv.

Numin
Norici,

4,5

Noric

44

217, Moiet 2534

55, 27

Noricus ager, Origg.

221, Nordi, Ailt.

30,

45,

55, 27

Faughan,

Ochae

in Leinster:

in ihe parish

or

Martry,

of

south of the Blackwater, three miles

from Teltown, riu viii. 75 Ochae
:

5689
a

{cnoc and) moat near

called

still

An Odba, Onom.

Navan
:

Ogba

5691

Paimpil Pamphylii Pamphylia, Origg.

xiv. 3,

2,

46,7

Point
83

44: 218, 2533, Pampil,

Ailt.

42

30,
ix.

A^Jt.

f.

Meid, Moid Medi, Origg.

Nemthend

Odba

yElt. 30,

44
Mauri,

m. Monmohennoc, Dunmanogue^
and townland three and a

30,

220, Maicidoin 2536, Macidoin,

Mir

ix.

47

Ocha chter
fer

Origg.

a parish

30, 45,

Maguich

78

I,

Mugna

Nith

(?),

Naendruim Noendruim
Shannon at

L.imeruh 5681

Mag Rath

Morann 2534,
42

218, Lid,

.F.lt.

the

v,

4939,

220, 2536, ^lt. 30, 44, Mosin,

Mussin 55 26, =.\Lycenae (.'), Origg.

97

Mumnech

Lugoil 218

30,

Morcain Marcomamii

of

L.Hgdunenses 2534, Lugdoin,

1750,

218,

Moraind, /Elt.

Mulnten

Ladaich, Ailt. 31, 48

5690

Molosus

Morain Morini

XV.

Loch lin Lake{s) of Killartiey 5320

Lochlannach Scandinavian 6155
Lodain Laodiceni, Laudiceni, Laudicia,
Origg. XV.

.\Leath

glossary

2,

Acha 5176

5172,

Mide

Molossus

365

Pont{ic)i Pontus, Origg.

218, 2533, A'Jt. 30,42

ix.

2,

INDEX OF PLACES, TRIBES, AND NATIONS

S66

Pontlcum mare

Black Sea 3487,

Ponteca

the

Pounticum 3342,
3344, Pountiogda 3488

mairie

Quorann

5689

v.

Raithen Rahan

near Tullamore,

in

King's Co.

Rhegini,
Reicir

219,

Origg.

2535,

ix.

Recin,

32

2,
./-,7/.

Seunair 4051, tSeunair 4140

Sel a plain given by Ugaine
son Eocha,

30,

44
Raetia, Origg, xiv. 4, 26

219, 2535,^//. 30,43

in Leinster, Onom.

Resad

Sicil Siculi, Origg.

the river Rre

which joins the

Liffey at Leixlip 5685

Roid

Rhodii, Origg.

Mlt.

30, 44,

Roigne

ix.

37: 219,

2,

baronyof Kells,
between the Siur and the Barrow
5690
Romain Romani, Origg. ix. 2, 84
:

220, 3536, ^Elt. 30,

f.

Slon Mount

44

Teith

Tesail

Saraceni quasi a Sarra, Origg.

224, grinne sair 2539,

57
;
grinne fairne, y^lt. 31, 48
Sardain Sardi Sardinia, Origg. xiv, 6,
:

39,

40: 219, 2535, 128, 2408,

30,

43

187,

.^:it.

Origg.

ix.

Sgeithin 2533,

2,
^^lt.

27

30,

4t

5682

Meath 5689

Tara, Co.

f.

Origg.

Thessali,

Taeasail

2538,

ix,

223,

69

2,

Tessail,

5705

Tr-d-Locha

Connacht between

in

Lough Corrib and Lough Lurgan,

:

104, Tr

da Lacha 5735

Tochar Inbir Mir at Arklow, in Ui

Enecbglais Cuahnd 251, 1029, 2572,
3986

Scithia Scythia

28,

41,

asin

Scithia

Sgeiihia 2452, 4051, do

Gregaiph Sgeithia 2303, 2516, Scitie
149,

of

AUt. 31.49: 55. 31

Tr-d-glas Terrvglass village, townland, and parish in the barony of
Lower Ormond, Co.
Tipperary

Onom.
Scythae,

216,

5307,

Shrule in the baronies

river

and a half miles south-east of

Birr, Co. Tipperary
burying place
of the kings of Ossory, K.
5703
four

Scithi

Sioin

sliab

Kilmain and Clare, Co. Mayo 5707

Streulae Stirling in the Lothiam 5690
Strur, Sruthair the river Blachcater
between Mayo and Galway 5685

Tessail

Zion,

4532

Saighir Chiarain, Sairkeira>i,

ix. 2,

.Klt.

Slab Luachra Slieve Logher mountains

in Kerry and Cork, Onom. : 1222,

Temalr

Sarain

217, 219,

SciU,

43
the river Shannon 5681

Sruthair

Roait 2535

a plain in the

Saigear

85

2535,

Sion 5302

Resad 5336

Rige

ix. 2,

Sigil

30, 41, Sicil 30,

Sinand
gilla rig

SgiU 2534,

Reit Raeti

to his

Sel5688
barony of Ciare,

g.s. Seolae

mag, Mag Selai, in

Co. Galway, Ononi.

5707

Relcil

townland and parish of

barony of Tirerril, Co.
Sligo, Sencua 5218, Senchpe 5213
Shancough,

Sennar the plain of Shinar, g.s. gu

mag Seannair 154,5, Sennair 1106,

Corann

barony of BallycGwan,

Senchua

162,

no Scithie 19, on Sgeithia 2312

Scoti m. the Irish 5466
Scuit m, Scctti, Origg. ix. 2, 103

Origg.
Traic,

ix.

82

2,

.7-7/.

31,

49
f.

II 23,
:

Thraces,

Traig 2541,

225,

Troe

217, 1769, 4029, 4049, Sgouit 2533,

Sguit 4056, 4o6r, a quo Scoiti 1251,
Scoti 5466

Tracdai

Trov,

4042

n.s.
;

rotoglad in Trce

g.s.

Troe

dtogail

2727

Troiannai

Troiani, Origg.

225, Tragianda 2541,

31, 49, Troia 55, 31

ix.

2,

Troian,

67

^7-:it.

INDEX OF PLACES, TRIBES, AND NATIOXS

Tuath D Danand

the triheis) of
Daniis ^ods^ an invasion of Ireland

after the Firbolgs, iar

Tuathaib

d.d.

1496, marsen re Tuaith d.d. 2128, la

Tuaith

d.d.

Ui Enechglais Cualand
baroQy

the

sonth-west

mmaigh Ucca
mag n-Ucna 154

E?yi^^

2301,

in

the

in

WicWlow

Co.

f.

g.s.

Cissen,

a river in

Mag

Uatha 5686

4557

plain

Arklo\v,

1030, 3986

Uisiu

Uisnech

Ucca

of

-^^^j

17,

of

Uga

the

Usnagh,

parish

Rathconrath,
5691

Usna,

hill

in

Conry, barony of
Co. Westmeath, K.

of

INDEX OF PERSONS
Aboth

son of Aor, ^Elt. 30, 38

Abodh

Abram

184,

g.s.

Abosth 2468

Abram, Abraim

siol

Apra-

Ahab, Origg.

eponym

vii.

6,

of the letter

78

247,

ihe

Acap

2562

Adam

Adam,

g.s.

105, 136, 143,

39,

152, 2323, 2385, 2422, 2432

Adamnn
Rnnat

St.,

son

0/

ninth abbot of

Adna mac

Rnn

and

Hi

5794
Uthldir, LL. 186*11,
a chiefpoet to Conchubar

RC. xxvi. 8,
mac Nessa, Adna 1968

Aed
iEd

King of
A.U. 589
g.s. .-Eda
fri
hinccin Aodha mic Gaphrain 3186
-^d Ailig Kmgof Ireland 1879, A.U.
:

5318

Oengus Cie

D,

son

of

Oengoba, author 0/ the Flire, g.s.

Oengusa epscoip hui Oibleain, Fel?,

Oengus mac Oiblen 5191

Affrim the eponym of the diphtbong
ae 248, Afrim 2563
5196,

Agnoman

son of Toe, ^Flt. 30, 37

Etheoir mic Agno[ma]in 183, 2519,
209,

mic Agnumain 1050, Agnamain

2466,

Druimmic Ainmirech

Ki7tg of Ireland, at

A.U. 574

g.s.

70

Aiscnecus Ashchenaz 4034

Amairgen Conall mac Amirgin

(i.e.

Conal Cernach) 5266, Goedel mac

Aimergin (i.e. mac Aingin) 105 1

mac

Amairgen
Nenuail

Naende

1025, Aimergin

mic

mac Noine

meic Nionuail 3980

son

of Mil

Amairgein Glungeal mac

Miled 1031, Aimergin Gluingeal
2572, 3984, Amairgin mac Miled
252.
CZ. iii. 16
Aor son of Ara, Aur, ^Elt. 30, 38
g.s. Aoir 2468, Aoi 184
:

Ara

of Troy 1125, ^Enias 4043

^ngus

1048,

1028,

of Ferns 5796
Aedan mac Gabhrain,

Scotland,

Ceta,

1052,

Angin 1049

Amairgein G-lungeal

6"/.,

^neas

1764, 2523,

Ainmeri

haim 2504

Achab

Aingin 3979, 4002,4,

Goedel mac Angein

1024,

4965,

Aghnomain 4005, Aghnoumain

son of /ara, ^FJt. 30, 38

185
Arphaxat, Origg. ix. 2, 5
1253, Arafaxat 2399,
2115.
:

Arfaxat
120,

Gen.

Assur

X.

22

a builder of Babel, son of Shem,

ix. 2, 45
Assur 127, mic
Assuir 133, meic Asuir 2412, Asur
Asshur builded Nineveh,
2406.

Origg.

Rehoboth, and Calah, Gen.

Aurtheeht
38

g.s.

x.

son of Ethecht, ^Flt.

11
30,

Aurtecht 184, Urtechta 2467

4151

Agomolis

son

of

Fronosis

132,

Agamolis 241 1

Axagenfather of Goedel, Gaedhel mac

Agnon no Aingin 209, mac Aingen

Baath

son of Magog, FeniuE

mac Baath

181, 2487

Babel

the

eponym

Bobel 2560

of the letter

245,

INDEX OF PERSONS
Baracham

a Scythian Greek,

great

grandfatherof Goedel, mic Barachaim

Barachain 2303, 2325, 2516

Bardanlus a builder of Babel 128,
19, 202,

2408

Bel

0/ Plosc

soti

Boatb

son 0/ Riafath^ Boad, .Klt. 30,

Boath 185, Baith 2469

Bodbus a builder of Babel 127, 2407
Bonb, Banb son of Shem, Bodb, .sVA
v. Pam
g-s. Boinb 183
30, 37

5943

Brlan

5468

d.s.

]5rese

g.s.

n-aimsir

979, 1381, hui Briain 3834

mac

Bricri

biheanga, CZ.

16

iii.

Carbri

g.s.

in

Briccrenn

5854
a builder of Babel 127,

Bntus

prmfhili

Cnmine 5327
Colum St. Columba, Colum Cille.3185,
5380, 5923, Coluim caid 866, 3601,
i

Colum

5144,

Coluim

Cholaim

Cille 4531,

Choluim

CiIIe 938, 1228, ciU

Conall, Tuthal hua Chonaill 5266

Conchobar mac Nessa

Ulster

736,

A'ing

of the

royaI line of

ihe Cruithni of Dl Araidi,

Scot.

Celt.

\.

of

Conchubair
Concapair meic

n-aimsir

Nessa 2637,

meic

cf.

Slcene,

Conghal

198, 248, for

2628

Conslnslus, Consentlus Grammati-

Corc

3222

Oai Cainbrethach dalta Feniusa

232,

Cjc

2547,

do Caei

II09,

C.

4144, 1024, 3980: the eponym of

the letter c 246, Cainaen 2561

Ham, Gen.
13

2,

i.
Cham, Origg.
Caimh 106, 1252,

x.

g.s.

Caim 2386, 4029

Cellach 3222, Ceallach

3698,

5826,

Cellach Oorrach a poet

Cendfelad

ihe author of the

1026

faelad 96, Ceandfaeiad

cind ChindfaelAd

g.s.

72,7, Cindfaeladh

67,9 ; d.s. do Cendfaeladh 70, i

leapar Cinnfaolidh meicOilella 2620.
//-.

Meir.

Cenn Ocln

byname

of

of Mtimier, deposed
mac Cuilennin, A.U.

/'iniiguine, A'ing

by Cormac
vol.
:

v.s.

iv.

ar

A'ing of Cashel t9o8.

p.c.

(5)

Ir.

Cingugan 710

T.

iii.

5182,6, 1596,

3867,4678, 5298, 5351

Crst Christ 3870

Cronn .SV, 5794

Crutene Critmifili, CZ.
Cruteni 5839
C ichtre i crub

16:

iii.

g.s.

Con Echtga 5398

cf.

Colabot,
//-.

Ep.

Coillaii.

75,

78, 81

Cuis
i.x.

Cush, Gen.
to,

2,

13:

,\.

niic

Chus, Origg.
Cuis 106, I119,

1252, 2386,4029

Dabhid
letter

goose head, a

K. of Munster 5231

bot-as, Celibatt-igni,

Aurai ept
Cendfaolad 2358,75, 3982, Ceann-

1679,

son of Lugaidh,

Cormac dona Cnoib Segsa 5317

Cormac mac Culennin poet, bishop,

Cuilibadh 5923

5923, dim. 711

loiu

mac Oensusa

cus Latinus 3240

2407

Buodach

901,

Cined ua Hartacain

(?)

Erenn, chief poet of Ireland tioog,

Ir. Metr. 5331

73,

Brlttus

80,

Cinaotha

Neusa 3494
Congal Claen,

5467

Brlccrlu

ix.

cathrach

Ciarain 5268

hui Nill 5132

5730, 5865

Brnaind S. 5793
Bres mac Elathan rg Erenn King
of the Tuath De Danann, n.s. 5469,

Cam

Clonmacnois,

of

comarba

5794,

Cloth[g]na

g.s.

Bran

ahhot

St.,

Quiaran

t975, 3983

Bellat wife of Fenius Farsaid, mother

of Nl 801, 3618
39:

Carn

369

David,

Dmine

the

eponym

of

the

246, 2561

dim. of Damianus, Daimine,

p. 70: but also an Irish

5329, Fel?

A.C. 785, 869

Danonn,Danand,
Dc Danand

iiame, e.g.

Danu

f.

g.s.

v.

Tuath

INDEX OF PERSONS

370

Dedu

eponyin of Ogham, g.s. Ogam

Dedad 6057
Delbaeth son 0/ Elatha, brother of
Bres and Ogma, mic Delbaeith 5468,9

Deus 704, 3350

Domnall grandson

of Ainmire, the
hero of the battle of Magh Rath,

A.U. 641
g.s. Domnaill 69, 2624,
2643, do dernaind Domniill 5165,
5239 d.s. re nDomnalI 73, 2628
:

Ether

son of

Agnoman, Fether,

Ailt.

Etheoir 19, 40, 183,

202, 213, 1023, 1051,2, 1103, 3979,
Eitheoir 1108, 2515, 4137, Eithiuir
2303, 2325, 2529, 2962, 2998, 4008,
Ethiuir 2522
37

30,

g.s.

Ethlu V. Lug
Ethrocius the eponym of the diphthong ea 248, Eiroichius 2562

Domnall ua Aoda

a scribe w/io tvroie

Eg., 4206

Donatus

Grammaiciis Latinus

364,

Ireland,

5794
Domnall, K ing of

A.U. 797, 2199, 2202,4

Dubdiad Duh
MR. 282 n.,

Daman,
Dubiidiadh 76, Duip
Diad, son

of

Die 2631
5388

v.

Fergus

38: a builder of Bibel, Eber

1249,

Eiber

4027,

Saile

126,

II16,

Eimer

2406,

4147

Eogan,

or

Glunfind,

182, 2465, 2529,

the

apostle

g.s. Eogain
Eogein 212
John im feil Eoin

3837

remn

174,7,

187,

1102,

6084, Eremon,

247,

Etan

F.

516,

g.s.

Feniusa

100, 180, 203, 804, 6069, 5503

hi

a.s.

160,

1023,

180,

Farsaid [rharisee],

4963,9.

1035,9,

PH.

p,

953

Per

Muman

CZ.

iii.

66, 2 (?)

5293

iar

Mumu

Laigeach fili

16:
/;-.

Muie

ecF,

/;.

eicis.

7".

iii,

Metr. 5145. 5150, 5287,

Muman

oAuraiccept

contemporary
Nessa 735,7,

auhor of
of

1366,

1025,

2637,

Ogam

A-'Jt. 29,

Erimoin

32

son ofConall Gulban,

{or Cennfada)
A.U. 586. 5386,

gossa 53 '4. Dubthach

another person

eponym

circa 850, Ir. Metr.

Esu 2563. Esu,

ingen Dencecht in

30, 39

of the letter e

Plnn

PH. 8400
banfili,

of Diancecht, the poetess, CZ.

Etain g. Etnae, RC. xii. 126

Etan,

iii.
:

16

Etain

1972
son of Aurthecht, Alt. 30, 38
Ethecht 184, Eiteachta 2467

mac

3493,5,

3981, 6103, 6127

Pergus Dubthach

Esru 185, 2469, Eusru 4150

Esaii. the

Ethecht

A uraicept,

Conchobar

Pidad 3156 V. Idad

Pindn St. 5793
Pingen mac Plaind

d.

g.s.

do

a delidin sillabacda, gossa fer

son of Mil,

Brnn St., bishop, Gor. 5796

Bsru son of Boath, Boad, .Klt.
g.s.

of Baath,
Fenius 166,9.

Fenius 2266, 2312; 27^9,

Perchertne poet,
Elathan

5467.9, 5943
Eogan son of Glunfind,

Bssu

Latin

v.

son

4507

Egbrec hui Briain 3834

Elatha faiher of Bres, g.s.

Bin

Puin 1117

s.

Farrsaid

Eper mac

Babel,

of

Farsaidh 212, 1762, 2360, 2465,

4224, Farsaigh 82,
3978,
2547,

Eialba daughter of Idad or Fidad 561,

Eipa ingine Fidaidh 3156
Ejber ex Heber Hebraei, Origg. ix. 2,
2415, 2499,

builder

Penius Parsaidh

22

Dubthach

Pe'leg,

Fallec 119, 130, Faillec 123,6, 2399,

2403,5,9, 2414,5, Faillech 1252

Paunus g

462, 476, 1410, 2742, 2943, 4513

Donnn 6V., of Eg
Donnchad son of

Paillec

may

poel,

i-

Fer-

refer to

floruit

5246,9
mac Cumaill ua Biscne

cent.,

/;-.

(.'), 3rd
Metr. 5830,6, 6093, Fege

Find 6102

Pland

F/ann, FJand Floind

3750,
Fland Flaind 795, 871,5, 883, 3612,
376 r, 5246,9, a Fhlaind 868, 3604,7,
Flann 3222, 3698

INDEX OF PERSONS
Pland mac Lonin d'Ua

(?)

Delbna

of the royal sept Ui Fiachrach Aidni

5102,

mac Lonain

nduain Delmna

Locha

5133. 5281, 5326, a Fhlaind

5172, Acha 5176.

tgiS. Ir. Metr.

Foraind
the

(Mac

Pharaoh,

letter

Laithege).

eponyni

the

1768,

245,

2560,

17^

lafeth

lapheth, Gen. x. i
Origg. ix.
26: 2484, 176, mic lafeth 181,6,
meic laffeiih 2470, 2488, oc lafeth
:

2,

ag

179,

lar

2486

leffeth

mac Nema

of

82, 212, 1103, 2360,

2529, co lar 1107, 4141
lara son of Sru^ ^-lilt. 30, 38,9 185

v.

Ibath

Scota

a huilder of Babel 127, Ybath

2406

Pronosis

son of Gitlis 132, 2412

Idad/rt/Z/'r of Ealba, g.s. Idaidh 561,

Fidaidh 3156

Oadmer
Garath

2562

v.

Iland Ogham ebadach

Gotli

a huilder of Bahel 128, Garad

Indiurnn
lo\\) Jove

2407

Gemmn

nGeman

V/.,

5795
a huilder of Babel 128,

Germanus

lonan

3534
son of Japheth, Gen. x. 2

/rtfrtw,

Origg.

ix. 2,

28

2407
Gitlis son of Tiris 1^2. 2412

Ir son of Mil 3987

te f. St. 5796

Giurgus

ludonius eponym

S"/.,

Giurgu 5795
Nl 2518,

Georf^e,

Glas Goedel

Glas, son of

Ilaind 5853

a river-pool 5686

176, 2483

of the

diphthong lo

248, 2563

2523, 2998

Glnfind

son of Lamfind, ^llt. 30, 37

182, 1049, 2466, 2519.

4005
Goedel eponym o^ Gaelic, Goedeal 202,
Gaoidel 2288, Giudeal 15, mac Aingin
205, Gaedel 43, Gaedheal 204, lasin
nCaidel 522, 646, 672, 675. 979, 982,

mac Aimergin

1083,

4078, Gaedel

1051,

Gasdel mac Rtheoir

213,

18,

1051

Gomer
26

186,

son of lapheth,

Gen.

x.

4034

g.s.

ijc.

Gomer

Goimeir 2469, Goimer 4148

huilder of Bahel, Gotius 128

Gotli the eponym of the

Gadmer 2562

letter

Grecus, Gregus

Gomer

4027,

son of

Grecus 1250, 4037,

52

Labraid 5730, 5866

Lamfiach Lamech,

father of Noah,
Lamiach, .Ell. 31, 52: g.s.^Laimfiach 2470

g.s.

son of Ether, ^EIt. 30, 37

Laimfind 182, 2519, 4005, Lam-

find

2466

2,

Gomers the epoiym of the Ogham

letter ng 247. nGomer 2562
Gothius

vii. 6,

Lamfind

Origg.
;

Kaliap Caleh,^ the eponym of the letter

q 246, Calebh 2561. Caleph, Origg.

247,

1117,

Greccus

Laisreann St 5793
Latin son of Faunus, mac Puin
1117,

1124,6,7.

1250

2723,

356,

4028,

4043, do chloind Laitin 802, 3619

a builder of Babel, Origg.
2, 84
126, 2406

Latinus

ix.

Lauina

Lavinia, daughter of Latinus

II 2S,

4045
Leser son of Seth,

4031, 4148

Hieronymus Stjerome 179, Cirine, E.

Hiruad Herod, the eponym of the
letter h 246, Hiruath 2561

g.s.

Leser 2468

Liadain

a poetess^ ban-ces di Chorco

Duibne, 7lh cent., Ir. Metr. 5139

Lonin

father of

Lon^bardus

Fland

q.v.

a builder of Babel 127,

Loncbard 2407

lachim

the

eponym

laichim 2563

of the letter

248,

Lorc Leguire
Mr, King

Lorc, son

of Ireland 5231

of L'gaine

INDEX OF PERSOxXS

17^

Lorc Luocha hBgbric hui Briain

foslerer of Mide 3834
Loth Zo/, the eponym of the letter

Origg.

ix. 6,

1,

245, 2560

King 0/ the
Tuath D Danand 2803, 4258, mac
Etlenn 5484. lithlenn 1162

sonof Legaire'Q'),

lect.

ii.

191, 226

Lug mac Bithlend

Lugaid

Mars Mars 3533

Meurcuir Mercunus 3534
Mide son of the Sun 3836. O'C.

Miled Mil or Milesius, Mil, ^f^V/. 29,

mac Miled 252, 103 1, mic Miled
32
:

Macaib Miled 1495,

1032, 3985, iar

FM.

478,9

4554, Ir

Miliuc

Lugaidh 5231

mac Miled 3987

g.s. laistel

Milcon mic Oncon

5291.7

Mac D Cerda mac Mileoehtraig

maic Dnertaig
/;-.

Mer.:

a poet,

"jih

5117:

4533,

cent.,

Mac Da

Cerd 1223, Mac Da Cherda 5108.

Tamall n-ire amal dorigni Mac
D Certa, BB. 299 /3. 8. Possib]y
a late development of moccu Cherda,
of the Cerdraige (used as nom.)
Maccu-lasrius, Lasn'an, Goed? 62 n.
Dil mac Da Crecc = Dil moccu Crecca,
of the Creccraige, LL. 290* 33; cf.
r7u iii. 42
;

Mac Fhirbiseach Mac

Fir Bisig, son

of man of leap year, probabIy born

29th Feb
suppHed MSS. to. FM.
,

2258

Meltuile a
cent.,

Morann mac Main

Oic (ind Oc, according

of the two youttg

Stoke?, son

son of the Dagda,

Oengus,

to

ones')

eponym

Ogham, briathairogam mic ind Oic

RC. xii. 127
5615. Anec.m. \T

of

xxvi. 31

Pl.

judge

Ir.

1604,

Metr.

5315,

Mac

Lnne
Lnin

5312

Flaind 5243 three princes so named,

all of loth cent.
:

legendary

15:

Chait,

Morand 5530;

n.s.

CZ.
g.s.

briatharogam Moraind 5528, 5614

Muiriath Martha
the

letter

Origg.

vii.

eponym

(?), the

246,

10,

Moreth

of

2561.

Murchertach riabach O Ouindlis

the scribe ofthe

Book

who wrote

Mac

Nabgadon

for

245, 2560,

cf

Lecan

Firbis

version,

2257

Nebuchadnezzar, a builder

eponym

Babel,

of

the

letter

Nabgaton 2406, Nabgodon

127

Naende

of Nenual 1025, Noine

soti

3980

Nde

son of the poet, Adtia, g.s. Neidhi

Cor.'-^

Nl

son

4969,

Maelcalnnig hua Tolaig i- mac

Liri Lidig a poet 5181
Maelruanaid 5240, Maelruanaid mic

oghmoir, the

/;//

iii.

Coirpre Cinn

of

16:

iii.

2793.

Mac Lnn a poet, Colmn mac

CZ.

Oghatnisl,

of

Mac ind

ua Burchin, 8th

poet,

Metr. 5122

/;-.

Nde mac Adn.ie mac Guthir,

LL. 38^^40, i86b2
of Fetiius, no Nin 1767, 4050,
Gaoidel Glas mac Niuil 2523,

300, 698

malhair Niuil 801, 3618

Nemruad

A'imrod, a bLlder of Babel,

Nembroth

filius

Chus,

Origg.

xv.

13: 105.6, 112, 126,9, 134. 2391,

g.s.
Neamruaid 104,
2406, 4029
I,

Maelruis

Magog
Oiigg.

(?)

son
ix.

5820
of Japheth,
2.

Maghach 2488
Maisse Moses, do
4143
44

g.s.

261, 1036, 2321, 2451

27

Gen.

x.

Magogh

i8r,

Nenual
1025,

father of A'oine,
Nionuail 3980,

g.s.
cf.

Nenuail
^Clt.

30,

35

Maissi I109, Maisi

Moysi,

Origg.

Manchn St., of Liath 5795

Mr son of Ethecht 184, 2467

vii.

6,

Ness ttiother of Conchobar q.v.

Nessn St., Nesan 5793
Nin son of Bel 108, 131, 1120,2, Nin
mac Peil 2387, 2411, Nion meic Peil
4039

INDEX OF PERSONS
Ne

Noah, Gen.

Noe

15: mic

x.

Origg.

120,

107,

vii.

133,

6,

186,

1253, sil Nae 188, Nai 2386, 3400,

meic Naei 2413, meic Naoi 2416,
2470
Noine son of Nionual 3980

Oengus mac Domnaill

650
and

A.U.
Domnall mac Aeda,

his father,

5156

Loingsech, were kings

his son,

Oenu (maceu Laigsi)

Oena

of Clonmacnois,

6"/.,

Abbot
Lisi,i.

5796.

454,7, 470, 589, 2917, 2926,

3141, Prescens 85, Prisianus

Ogma mac Balathan meic

9,

Quiar,n 5794 v. Carn

Quis 2386 V. Cuis

Ragau

of Arfaxat

son

16

2810,

Ogma

Rifad, Alt. 30, 39: 126, 1118, Ria-

2790,

CZ.

bath Scot 1251, Riafath 186, Ribat

2406, Rihalh Scout 4029,
2469,

Ogmu

is

RC.

xii.

128

Ailella 2625,

PH. 3660

Osse,

father of Milmc, mac

Beatha Colm. 65

eponym

Origg.

ix. 2,

33

Rifath 4034

Rochemhurcos father

of Sachab 40,

Ruicimorcus 2324, 2331

Roscadach

Ugaine Mir, CZ.

Radn, Rdn

mac

poet,

6og8
abbot of Lothra

iii.

St.,

16

5795

Oncon

of the

Ruben
letter

5291,7.

the

of Babel, Gen. x. 3

Roigne

2639

Oise Hosea, eponym of the letter o

Ozee, Origg. vii. 8,
247, Ose 2562.

Ordines

5161

son of Gomtr, a builder

ogaim

(?) 2840
OiiiWfather of Cennfaelad, Cindfaeladh
mic Oilella 67, 71, 2621, 2644,

Onch

Riabad Scot

Ogham

Ogricus

120,

12 52,

Ragau, Lk. iii.

35, for Reu, son of Peleg, Gen. xi. 18
Rechtgal hua Siadail a poet, 7th
2399, 2414.

the inventor 0/

2813, onni
iii.

2738,

5478,81, Alhair

phaith
5468

Deal-

360,

2937,

2745, Presens 4350

Puin Fauni 1117 v. Latin

cent., Ir. Metr. 5155,

275

10

Prisclanus Grammaticus Latimts

Regua

of Ireland

373

Reiiben,

the

eponym

the

of

r 247, 2562

diphthong

Sachab

^oi 248, Ordinos 2563

son of Ruchemhurcos 39,

Sacap

mac Ruicimorcus 2324, 2331

Pam

son of Seura, meic Aghnoumain

meic Paim meic Seura meic Sru jrl.
4151. Probably the same as Banb,

Bonb
Partolon
.

Origg,

Patraic
4335,

12

son of Arphaxat, Salah,

Sale, Origg. ix. 2, 5

mac Sdairn melc Seura

.

Partaion 4149, Bartholo-

Syrum

vii. 9,

est,

non Hebraeum,

xi.

Saile

of the

letter

245, 2560

Sardain a builder of Babel

Satarn Satumus 3535

128, 2408

Scithius

i5

Patricius 875, 882, Bhatra'g

Batraig

Gen.

g.s.

II16, 1250, 2415

Saliath the eponym

meic Sru
meus

Sale

1270,2,

Phatraig

4330.7i Patraic 3610, Patroig 3751

Picc Picus, son ofSaturn 2723

Plato 3807
Tloae son of Pluliris, CC.

Egypt,

n.s.

Sgouta ingen Fouraind

Eigipti 4048, 4056, 4970

a.s.

ri

Scotai

1768, Sgota 40C1

:

g.s.

PIoisc

131, 2411

Sem

Shem, Gen.

133, 183,

Plulirls son of Agomolis 132,

Pih'ris

Latinus 3235

x.

120,

mic Semh

Seimh 2414, micSeim 1252,

2399, 2412

Semar

2411

Pompeius Grammaticus

a builder of Babel 128,

Sgithus 2407, Sgithegdha 187
Scota f. daughter of Pharaoh, King of

3o> 37

son of
:

g-s.

Mr, Sem Mair, ^i7/.

Semair 2467

LNDEX OF PERSONS

374
Sth

of Adam,

soii

^Elt.

3r,

54:

2468

Seura

son 0/ Sdaim, g.s. Seura 4150

Sinchell

St.

./',".

Strannan
Str

Hanc

Titanes, id

Ogham

letter

Eusehi Chron,

CZ.

to MacNeiIl, originwhich became st by metathesis

2562, Sru, son of Esru,

laramic Sru 185, 2469,

XXX.

Suibne, .T.S.

Suibni

Talamon

the

ngealtacht

74,

eponym

Sl.,

of the letter t

of Assur,

son

132.

mic

Tiris

g.s.

son of Gomer,

Tiras,

Tuthal hua Chonaill

of Cuiran,

Ua Bruic

i.e.

Tuathal comarb
abbot of Clonmacnoise,

5265

3382,

3391, frish

Gram-

Ua Coindi 3383, Irish Grammarian

hUa Coirill 3383, A.U. 1084, Irish

Ua Pind

ou FinJ 3391,

Archdruid

Mogh

daughter of the

MS.

Ruith,

Afatt.

402 Ed. Dinds. 73 5234, taebogam

Tlachtga 6080
Toe son of Bonb, of Baracham, Tai
(mac) Bodb, Alt. 30, 37 202 g.s.
:

Toe

Ua Maoilchonaire
icribe

X. 2

Tlachtga na nUath

19,

Thoe

40,

Toi 2466, Tai

2303, 2325, Taoi 2515

Togarmao ofGomer,
Trs

Tautanes, rex mundi,

87

Irish

Gram-

marian

Assuir

183,

32:

Graminarian
Euis

bishop of Cluain

5794

Gen.

i,

marian

246, Tailimon 2561

Tigernach

O ri gg. xv.

xii.

Suiphne Geilt 2628

Tiras

X.

A.U. 970

4150
p.

gigantes, et ex nomine

of the

Suibne Geilt mad

Moyses cuncta
Exodo scribun-

Tuthin .! Titan i- grian, H. 4. 18

and Teutamus, Rex Assyriorum xxvi.,

str (according
of ts) 247,

in

construxisse perhibentur
est,

ally z,

Alt. 30, 39:

et

fuit,

quae

suo nuncupaverunt,

5795

eponym

the

v.

xviii.

St.

fecit

tur.

a scrihe 2256,

Tanis metropolis ^gypti

(?),

Pharao

signa

5793

Solamh O Droma
Ii'ish

Titanes
ubi

Gen.

x. 3:

4035

mentioned by ihe

ofEg. (FM. 1487),

di ollomain

Maolchonaire 4208

Uenir Venus 3535

Uimelicus eponym

of the diphthong
ui 248, lumelcus 2563
Uirgilus, Uirglior, Uirglisiumus

3332

Ultan

St.

5796
Coisi chiefpoet of Ireland,
Airard mac Coissi prmces Erend

Urard mac
1-990

son of Assur, g.s. Trois 2412

Urith

Tuta(i)nes Tothmes, g.s. righ in domain 1122, 4042, confused vvith the

A.U.

5258

Uriah, the

eponym

of the letter

247, Uriath 2562

Urtecht 2467

v.

Auithecht

PRISTED BY OLIVER AND BOVD, EDINBURUH, SCOTLAND.

.PB 1397 .A8 1917 SMC

Auraicept na n-eces.
Auraicept na n-eces