BANGLADESH

SESSION 2
ASSESSMENT OF DISASTER RISKS AND POST-DISASTER IMPACT

Presented by:
Satyabrata Saha
Joint Secretary (DM)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

September 25, 2014, China

TECTONIC SETTING OF BANGLADESH

Bangladesh is positioned at the juncture of several active tectonic plate boundaries. Moreover, it lies
on the worlds largest river delta at close to sea level, facing both the risk posed by a quake and
secondary risks of tsunamis and flooding in the quakes aftermath.
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

RECENT EARTHQUAKES

1997, May 8: Sylhet EQ (Mb = 5.6)

1997, November 21: Bandarban EQ (Mb = 6.1)
1999, July 22: Moheshkhali EQ (Mb = 5.1)
2001, December 19: Dhaka EQ ( Mb= 4.2)
2003, July 27: Rangamati (Barkal) EQ (Ms=5.5)
2005, October: Jessore (Narial) EQ (Ms=4.3)
2008, July 5: Rajshahi (Tanore) EQ (Ms=4.1)
2008, July 27: Mymensingh (Haluaghat) EQ (Ms=4.9)
2009 - 2014: country frequently experiences
earthquake having epicentre in and around.
Year

Total event within 600 km

Within Bangladesh

2007

27

13

2008

51

30

2009

32

16

Total Event

110

59

Different magnitude levels of historical Earthquake occurrences in

Bangladesh (1885-1990)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

>

DAMAGES OF SOME EARTHQUAKES

Building collapsed, Chittagong,

1999

Mud House Damage, Barkal,

Rangamati 2007

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

BDR Camp, Barkal fault,

Rangamati 2007

Buildings toppled, Rajshahi

2008

Side-wall Collapse,
Mymensingh

SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT (APPROACH)

Building Stock
Lifeline Systems

Probability

1.0
0.8

Small Damage
Moderate Damage

0.6

Extensive Damage

0.4

Collapse

0.2
0.0
0

30

60

90

120

PGV (cm/s)

Geological Data

Seismic Hazard

Damge
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

150

SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT

Major Research and Studies since 2009

Active Fault Mapping and Modeling in Bangladesh by Dr. Michio Morino (2009)
Earthquake Vulnerability Assessment of Dhaka, Chittagong and Sylhet City Corporation Area by ADPC
(2009)
Time-Predictable Fault Modeling for Seismic Hazard and Vulnerability Assessment of Dhaka, Chittagong
and Sylhet City Corporation Area by ADPC and OYO International Corporation (2009)
Quaternary Geological Mapping of Dhaka, Chittagong and Sylhet Cities by Dr. Md. Hussain Monsur
Engineering geological map for seismic hazard and vulnerability assessment of Dhaka, Chittagong and
Sylhet city corporation area

Active fault mapping in Bangladesh: Paleo-seismological study of the Dauki fault and the IndianBurman plate boundary fault by Dr. Michio Morino and Dr. A. S. M. Maksud Kamal (2013)

Development of Geo Dynamic Model of Bangladesh by ADPC (2014)

Development of Building Inventory Modeling in 50 Wards of Dhaka and Chittagong City by ADPC (2014)
Seismic risk assessment completed in six EQ vulnerable cities by ADPC (2014)
6 City level and 50 ward level spatial contingency plans completed by ADPC (2014)
Risk incorporated land use plan developed for Mymensing City by Urban Development Directorate
(2014)
Urban Community Risk Assessment Guideline (2014)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

RISK ASSESSMENT
SOCIO ECONOMIC AND PHYSICAL
CDMP II has facilitated Urban Risk Assessment (URA) in 3
wards of Dhaka North City Corporation and also
developed Risk Reduction Action Plan (RRAP) in
collaboration with ActionAid Bangladesh.
Developed a Facilitators Guidebook on conduction of
URA
Is in the process of Scaling up to conduct this URA in 22
more wards of 12 City Corporations/Municipalities in 11
Major Districts

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

Risk Assessment
URA
FTRA
RRAP

Risk Reduction
Interventions
Preparedness
and
mitigation
Response
Recovery/reh
abilitation

EQ IMPACT: PREDICTION BASED

Seismic Vulnerability Assessment (2009)
GIS-based Building Inventory Using Satellite Images (Quick bird) and Field Investigations

Dhaka City Corporation (7.5 Mw):

Building damage: 326,000
Damage beyond repair: 72,316
Economic loss: $16,740 million

Chittagong City Corp. (8.5 Mw):

Building damage: 182,000
Damage beyond repair: 142,856
Economic loss: $3,378 million

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

Sylhet City Corp. (8.0 Mw):

Building damage: 52,000
Building beyond repair: 24,944
Economic loss: $926 million

EQ IMPACT: DAMAGE ESTIMATION

Scenario Based
City Corporation

Dhaka

Chittagong

Sylhet

Fault Name

Exten.-modern
Building Damage

Com. Building
Damage

Madhupur Fault
(Mw 7.5)

86,000

72,000

Plate Boundary
Fault 2 (Mw 8.0)

47,000

45,000

Plate Boundary
Fault 1 (Mw 8.5)

25,000

142,000

Plate Boundary
Fault 2 (Mw 8.0)

40,000

18,000

Dauki Fault

16,000

25,000

Plate Boundary
Fault 3 (Mw 8.0)

10,000

2,000

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

EQ IMPACT: OTHERS
Scenario Based: GENERATION OF DEBRIS
City Corporation

Scenario Earthquake

Amount of Debris Truckloads (@25

(million of tons)
tons/truck)

Dhaka

Madhupur Fault

30

1,200,000

Chittagong

Plate Boundary Fault 1

17

700,000

Sylhet

Dauki Fault

80,000

Scenario Based: DAMAGE TO LIFELINE SERVICES (DHAKA CITY)

Services

Poles/Line Length

Damages of Poles Number of breaks

Electricity

55,000

16,000

Gas

834 km

191 km

1,118 km

272 km

630 km

360 km

Potable water
Sewage line
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

EQ IMPACT: ESSENTIAL FACILITIES

Scenario Based 7.5 Mw : Dhaka City Corporation Area
Facilities

Hospitals

Number

Moderate
damages

Complete
damages

50% operational
on Day 1

600

197

10

280

2,737

857

90

1,241

Police Stations

62

21

23

Fire Stations

10

Schools

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

LESSON LEARNT AND WAY FORWARD

Lessons LEARNED

Key point installation and heavy structure should be constructed following the intensity given in
Micro-zonation maps

Micro-zonation maps should be integrated with the detailed area plan to develop risk integrated
Land use plan

Proper geotechnical/engineering geological, structural, architectural and monitoring knowledge

should be applied during the construction of a buildings

Way FORWARD

Include more cities to for URA.

Revision and promoting the application /enforcement of Bangladesh National Building Code,
ongoing effort to develop a national guidelines on Disaster Response Mechanism; advocacy of
safer construction of public infrastructure; support to the Earthquake Preparedness and
Awareness Committee (EPAC)

Raising individual, family and community level awareness to develop risk reduction culture.

Working with the City Development Authority/ Municipality to incorporate the Risk Assessment
Results into existing City Master Plans
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

Thank you

For more information contact:

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
Bangladesh Secretariat , Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
E-mail: info@modmr.gov.bd, Website: www.modmr.gov.bd