Plant Location & Layout

Definition: Plant Location

The functioning of determining where the
plant should be located for maximum
operating economy & effectiveness
Factors Effecting Plant location
► Selection of Region
► Selection of Community
► Selection of Plant Site
Selection of Region
► Availability of Raw materials
► Power & Fuel
► Transport
► Market
► Meteorological conditions and topography
Selection of Community
► Labour
► Supplementary & Complimentary industries
► Banking
► Local taxes
► Water
► Momentum of early start
► Personal Factors

► Historical Factors
► Political Stability
► State Assistance
Selection of Plant Site
► Price
► Type of Soil
► Waste disposal
► Expansion Potential
 ► Commercial Services
► Communication
► Availability of amenities

► Statutory Considerations
► Flood & Drought Experience
► Right & Title of land
► Good scenery
► Attitude of Local people
► Technological Know How
► Religious & Social Institutions
Plant Layout
Definition
The disposition of various parts of a plant,
along with all the equipments used therein, is
known as plant layout, which should be
designed to enable the plant to function more
effectively.
Objectives of Plant layout
► To facilitate manufacturing process
► To minimize material handling
► To maintain higher turnover of semi-finished goods
► Effective utilization of space
► To provide employees comfort & job satisfaction
► To provide effective utilization of labour
Principles of Plant Layout
1. Principle of overall integration:
An efficient layout should be capable of
integrating raw material, men, machine &
other support activities in a logical manner.

2. Principle of minimum distance:

Men, material to travel minimum distance
between the operations
3. Principle of flow:
Arranges the work area for each operation in
the same order or sequence of production.

4. Principle of Cubic Space:

Most efficient use of available space both
vertically & horizontally

5. Principle of Satisfaction & Safety:

6. Principle of flexibility: rearrangement of existing pattern

Types of Plant Layout

► Process/Functional layout
► Product/ Line Layout
► Combination Layout
► Fixed Position Layout
Process Layout
►It is characterized by keeping similar
machines or similar operations at one location

► Good for Job Production

► Examples are small production plants , hotels etc.

Product Layout
► It implies that various operations on a product are
performed in a sequence and the machine are placed
along the product flow line.

► Good for continuous production

► Car assembly line, Automatic wash

Combination Layout
► A combination of process & product layout
 ► It is useful when a number of items are produced in the
same sequence but none of the items are to be produced
in bulk thus no item justifies an independent production
line.
► Mfg. of files, hacksaws, wood saws, metal saws

Fixed Position layout

► Men & equipment are moved to the material, which
remains at one place and the product is completed at
that place where the material lies.

► Shipyard, Aircraft, hospital operation theater

Flow Pattern
► Horizontal & Vertical flow pattern
a. Line flow
b. L type flow
c. Circular flow
d. U type flow
e. Inverted S flow
f. Combination of U & Line flow
g. processing upwards
h. Retraction type of flow