mechanization, it crushes the creative faculty of man and makes a machine

out of him. His individual liberty and personality suffer on irretrievable loss.
In his moments of leisure the worker finds it difficult to turn his hands to
creative work, because the machine-made goods do not inspire him in the
direction of refinement. These goods also lose their fascination because
mass production has given a setback to the individuality of the articles
produced. The Europeans, therefore, contend that it is better to sacrifice a
few material comforts than crush the aesthetic and spiritual urge in the
individual which large-scale mechanization is doing in America.
Questions:
(i) What is the result of progress in the field of mechanization in America?
(ii) How has it affected the citizens?
(iii) What is the case in Europe?
(iv) Why do Europeans sacrifice a few material comforts?
(v) Make a suitable title of the passage.
(vi) Make a precis of the above passage.
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17. YEAR 2012 (GROUP I)

Read the following passage and answer the questions given at the
end. (Your own constructed answers will fetch you better marks.)
The rich nations have made adjustments after the 1973 oil crisis, but the
poor nations, who cannot afford the continue using oil, have to look for
alternatives in order to keep up the pace of their development. The sun,
therefore, offers a free supply of thermo-dynamically high-quality fuel -sunshine -- to countries that are located in the earth's solar belt (35N, 35S of
the Equator), where the sun comes out every day, keeping its radiant energy
undiminished. What, however, stand in the way, are a series of institutional
and economic barriers which must be overcome if solar energy is to have an
impact on the energy scene. The solar energy plan requires new ways of
thinking. It calls for a shift from centralized energy supply systems to on-site
decentralized distribution of energy. The term 'on-site' derives from the
limited areas within which the energy produced by a system is consumed. It
rests its emphasis on the social benefits rather than the cost benefits of a
system.
Questions:
(i) What is the effect of 1973 oil crisis on poor nations?
(ii) What are the obstacles in the way of acquiring solar energy?
(iii) What system of distribution does the author recommend for solar
energy?
(iv)
What
does
the
term
"on-site"
mean?
(v)
Suggest
a
suitable
title
for
the
passage.
(vi) Make a precis of the above passage.
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18. YEAR 2012 (GROUP II)

Read the following passage and answer the questions given at the
end. (Your own constructed answers will fetch you better marks.)
The grand strategy for his campaign against Muslim backwardness
envisaged two main activities, namely; a weekly periodical to propagate
progressive social and religious ideas