KINGDOM PLANTAE

Also called as kingdom Metaphyta

Second to the kingdom antropoda
Includes all types of eukaryotic,
multicellular, photosynthetic plants
Most are autotrophs they
synthesize their own food with the
help of solar energy
Few species of autotrphs and
heterotrophs (both)
History of life on earth and the
success of many organisms literally
depend on the success of plants
Has true nucleus + advanced
membrane bound organelles
About 300,000 different species of
plants
Important kingdom = source of food
for all other living creatures
Cell walls: cellulose
Ability to grow by cell division
In life cycle of plant cells, the
interchanges occur from the embryos
and are supported by other tissues
and self produce
Have organs and organ systems
Reproduce both sexually and
asexually
Lack motility

4 Main Groups

Vascular tissues helps in

transporting substances throughout
the plant (water, minerals & sugars)
Seeds structures that contains an
embryo that helps in stroring food

1. Phyllum Bryophyta

Non-vascular land plants

Do not contain any conducting
tissues

Small, grow close to the ground

Important members of our ecosystem
Reproduction process is carried in
their spores
Non flowering plants
Prevents soil erosion
Examples
o Mosses
o Liverworts
o Hornworts

2. Phyllum Pteridophytae

Seedless vascular plants

Contain vascular tissues
Do not produce seeds
Involved in transportation of fluids
Reproduction process is carried by
spores
Examples
o Horsetails
o Ferns
o Club mosses

3. Phyllum Angiosperms

Flowering plants
Develops the seeds within a
protective structure
Reproduction process is carried by
angiosperm
Develop seeds within an ovary
(embedded in a flower)
Flower falls; ovary becomes fruit
Dicots
Examples
o Trees
o Shrubs
o Vines
o Flowers

4. Phyllum Gymnosperms

Non-flowering plants with

undeveloped seeds which are present
in an enclosed structure
Monocots
Examples
o Palms
o Carpet lawns

Plant Classification

Taxonomy system of classification;

features both English and Latin
names

KINGDOM PLANTAE
(Plants)
SUBKINGDOM TRACHEOBIONATA
(Vascular plants)
Division:
Anthocerotophyta (Hornworts)
Bryophyta (Mosses)
Chlorophyta (Fresh-water algae)
Hepatophyta (Liverworts)
SUPERDIVISION SPERMATOPHYTA
(Seed plants)
Equisetophyta (Horsetails)
Lycopodiophyta (Lycopods)
Psilophyta (Whisk ferns)
Pteridophyta (Ferns)
Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Coniferophyta (Conifers)
Cycadophyta (Cycads)
Ginkgophyta (Ginkgo)
Gnetophyta (Gnertophytes)
Non-vascular plants
Mosses or bryophyta

Prevent erosion by carpeting the

forest floor
Reproduce by spores
Never have flowers
Bryophyta
Heptophyta
Anthocerophyta
Chlorophyta

Vascular Plants with Spores

Ferns have a vascular system
Reproduce from spores rather than
seeds
Lycopodiophyta
Equisetophyta
Psilophyta
Vascular Plants with Seeds
Conifers (Coniferophyta)
o Reproduce form seeds
o Conifer seeds/cones are
naked
o Never have flowers
o Have needle-like leaves
o Ginkophyta
o Cycadophyta
o Gnetophyta
Flowering Plants (Magnoliophyta)
o Trees, shrubs, vines, flowers,
fruits, vegetables and
legumes
o Angiosperms
o Seeds inside an ovary;
embedded in a flower or fruit