Paul Jones

American Pageant Chapter 29

1. Woodrow Wilson
Thomas Woodrow Wilson was the 28th President of the United States. He served as
President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and then as the Governor of New Jersey
from 1911 to 1913. With Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft dividing the Republican
Party vote, Wilson was elected President as a Democrat in 1912.
2. Louis D. Brandeis
Louis D. Brandeis was a United States Supreme Court Justice from 1916 to 1939. He was
born in Louisville, Kentucky to Jewish parents who had immigrated from Europe. He enrolled at
Harvard Law School, graduating at the age of twenty with the highest grade average in the
college’s history.
3. Victoriano Huerta
José Victoriano Huerta Márquez was a Mexican military officer and president of Mexico.
4. Venustiano Carranza
Venustiano Carranza de la Garza was one of the leaders of the Mexican Revolution. He
ultimately became President of Mexico following the overthrow of the dictatorial Huerta regime
in the summer of 1914 and during his administration the current constitution of Mexico was
drafted.
5. Pancho Villa
José Doroteo Arango Arámbula , better known as Pancho Villa, was one of the most prominent
Mexican Revolutionary generals.
6. John. J. Pershing
General of the Armies John Joseph Pershing, Honorary GCB was a general officer in the United
States Army. Pershing is the only person to be promoted in his own lifetime to the highest rank
ever held in the United States Army—General of the Armies. Pershing also holds the first United
States officer service number (O-1). Pershing led the American Expeditionary Force in World
War I.
7. Kasier Wilhehm II
Wilhelm II was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia, ruling both the German
Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia from 15 June 1888 to 9 November 1918.
8. Charles Evans Highes
Charles Evans Hughes Sr. was a lawyer and Republican politician from the State of New
York. He was the Republican candidate in the 1916 U.S. Presidential election, losing to
Woodrow Wilson.
9. New Nationalism
New Nationalism was Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive political philosophy during the 1912
election. He made the case for what he called the New Nationalism in a speech in Osawatomie,
Kansas, in August 1910. The central issue he argued was human welfare versus property rights.
He insisted that only a powerful federal government could regulate the economy and guarantee
social justice.
10. New Freedom
The New Freedom is the policy of U.S. President Woodrow Wilson which promoted antitrust
modification, tariff revision, and reform in banking and currency matters.
11. Underwood Tariff Bill
 The United States Revenue Act of 1913 also known as the Tariff Act, Underwood Tariff, or
Underwood-Simmons Act, re-imposed the federal income tax following the ratification of the
Sixteenth Amendment and lowered basic tariff rates from 40% to 25%, well below the Payne-
Aldrich Tariff Act of 1909.
12. Sixteenth Amendment
The Sixteenth Amendment (Amendment XVI) to the United States Constitution allows the
Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on Census
results. This amendment overruled Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. (1895), which limited
the Congress's authority to levy an income tax.
13. Federal Reserve Act
The Federal Reserve Act is the act of Congress that created the Federal Reserve System, the
central banking system of the United States of America, which was signed into law by President
Woodrow Wilson.
14. Federal Trade Comission Act
The Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 established the Federal Trade Commission
(FTC), a bipartisan body of five members appointed by the President of the United States for
seven year terms. This Commission was authorized to issue Cease and Desist orders to large
corporations to curb unfair trade practices. This Act also gave more flexibility to the US congress
for judicial matters.
15. Cayton Act
The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, was enacted in the United States to add further substance
to the U.S. antitrust law regime by seeking to prevent anticompetitive practices in their
incipiency.
16. Central Power
The Central Powers was one of the two sides that participated in World War I, the other
being the Entente (Allied) Powers.
17. Allies
The Entente Powers were the countries at war with the Central Powers during World War I. The
key members of the Triple Entente were the United Kingdom, France, and the Russian Empire.
Many other countries later joined the Entente side in the war: Belgium, Serbia, Italy, Japan,
Greece, Romania and the United States, which were also drawn into the war.
18. Lusitania
RMS Lusitania was an ocean liner owned by the Cunard Line and built by John Brown and
Company of Clydebank, Scotland. She was torpedoed by a German U-boat on 7 May 1915
19. U-Boat
U-boat is the anglicized version of the German word U-Boot , itself an abbreviation of
Unterseeboot, and refers to military submarines operated by Germany, particularly in World War
I and World War II.
20. Sarajevo
Sarajevo is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina.