Automotive industry

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A video showing new koda & Volkswagen cars being transported by rail at Kutn Hora
mesto train station in the Czech Republic
The automotive industry is a wide range of companies and organizations involved
in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing, and selling of motor vehic
les.[1] It is one of the world's most important economic sectors by revenue. The
automotive industry does not include industries dedicated to the maintenance of
automobiles following delivery to the end-user, such as automobile repair shops
and motor fuel filling stations.
The term automotive was created from Greek autos (self), and Latin motivus (of m
otion) to represent any form of self-powered vehicle. This term was proposed by
SAE member Elmer Sperry.[2]
Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Safety
3 Economy
4 World motor vehicle production
4.1 By year
4.2 By country
4.3 By manufacturer
5 Company relationships
6 Top vehicle manufacturing groups by volume
7 Car makes and their parent companies
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
History[edit]
Main article: History of the automobile
Thomas B. Jeffery automobile factory in Kenosha, Wisconsin, c.1916
Citron assembly line in 1918
The automotive industry began in the 1890s with hundreds of manufacturers that p
ioneered the horseless carriage. For many decades, the United States led the wor
ld in total automobile production. In 1929 before the Great Depression, the worl
d had 32,028,500 automobiles in use, and the U.S. automobile industry produced o
ver 90% of them. At that time the U.S. had one car per 4.87 persons.[3] After Wo
rld War II, the U.S. produced about 75 percent of world's auto production. In 19
80, the U.S. was overtaken by Japan and became world's leader again in 1994. In
2006, Japan narrowly passed the U.S. in production and held this rank until 2009
, when China took the top spot with 13.8 million units. With 19.3 million units
manufactured in 2012, China almost doubled the U.S. production, with 10.3 millio
n units, while Japan was in third place with 9.9 million units.[4] From 1970 (14
0 models) over 1998 (260 models) to 2012 (684 models), the number of automobile
models in the U.S. has grown exponentially.[5]
Safety[edit]
Main article: Automobile safety
Safety is a state that implies to be protected from any risk, danger,
cause of injury. In the automotive industry, safety means that users,
or manufacturers do not face any risk or danger coming from the motor
its spare parts. Safety for the automobiles themselves, implies that
o risk of damage.

damage or
operators
vehicle or
there is n

Safety in the automotive industry is particularly important and therefore highly

regulated. Automobiles and other motor vehicles have to comply with a certain n
umber of norms and regulations, whether local or international, in order to be a
ccepted on the market. The standard ISO 26262, is considered as one of the best
practice framework for achieving automotive functional safety.[6]
In case of safety issues, danger, product defect or faulty procedure during the
manufacturing of the motor vehicle, the maker can request to return either a bat
ch or the entire production run. This procedure is called product recall. Produc
t recalls happen in every industry and can be production-related or stem from th
e raw material.
Product and operation tests and inspections at different stages of the value cha
in are made to avoid these product recalls by ensuring end-user security and saf
ety and compliance with the automotive industry requirements. However, the autom
otive industry is still particularly concerned about product recalls, which caus
e considerable financial consequences.
Economy[edit]
See also: Automotive industry by country
Around the world, there were about 806 million cars and light trucks on the road
in 2007, consuming over 980 billion litres (980,000,000 m3) of gasoline and die
sel fuel yearly.[7] The automobile is a primary mode of transportation for many
developed economies. The Detroit branch of Boston Consulting Group predicts that
, by 2014, one-third of world demand will be in the four BRIC markets (Brazil, R
ussia, India and China). Meanwhile, in the developed countries, the automotive i
ndustry has slowed down.[8] It is also expected that this trend will continue, e
specially as the younger generations of people (in highly urbanized countries) n
o longer want to own a car anymore, and prefer other modes of transport.[9] Othe
r potentially powerful automotive markets are Iran and Indonesia.[10] Emerging a
uto markets already buy more cars than established markets. According to a J.D.
Power study, emerging markets accounted for 51 percent of the global light-vehic
le sales in 2010. The study, performed in 2010 expected this trend to accelerate
.[11][12] However, more recent reports (2012) confirmed the opposite; namely tha
t the automotive industry was slowing down even in BRIC countries.[8] In the Uni
ted States, vehicle sales peaked in 2000, at 17.8 million units.[13]
World motor vehicle production[edit]
See also: List of countries by motor vehicle production
World Motor Vehicle Production[14]
Production volume (1000 vehicles)
1960s; Post war increase
1970s; Oil crisis and tighter safety and emission regulation.
1990s; production started in NICs
2000s; rise of China as top producer
Automotive industry crisis of 2008 2010
to 1950; USA had produced more than 80% of motor vehicles.[15]
1950s; UK, Germany and France restarted production.
1960s; Japan started production and increased volume through the 1980s. US, Japa
n, Germany, France and UK produced about 80% of motor vehicles through the 1980s
.

1990s; Korea became a volume producer. In 2004, Korea became No. 5 passing Franc
e.
2000s; China increased its production drastically, and 2009 became the world lar
gest producing country.
2013; The share of China (25.4%), Korea, India, Brazil and Mexico rose to 43%, w
hile the share of USA (12.7%), Japan, Germany, France and UK fell to 34%.
By year[edit]
Global production of motorvehicles
(cars and commercial vehicles)
Year
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014

Production
54,434,000
52,987,000
56,258,892
58,374,162
56,304,925
58,994,318
60,663,225
64,496,220
66,482,439
69,222,975
73,266,061
70,520,493
61,791,868
77,857,705
79,989,155
84,141,209
87,300,115
89,747,430

Change Source
[16]
-2.7% [16]
6.2%
[17]
3.8%
[18]
-3.5% [19]
4.8%
[20]
2.8%
[21]
6.3%
[22]
3.1%
[23]
4.1%
[24]
5.8%
[25]
-3.7% [26]
-12.4% [27]
26.0% [28]
3.1%
[29]
5.3%
[30]
3.7%
[31]
2.6%
[32]

By country[edit]
Automobile Export Gross value Treemap (2012)[33]
This map showing only gross export amount. USA was the largest net importer, als
o UK and France are net importers.
Main article: List of countries by motor vehicle production
[hide] v t e previous year
Top 20 motor vehicle producing countries 2013
next ye
ar
Motor vehicle production (units)
Country 1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,00
0
6,000,000
7,000,000
8,000,000
9,000,000
10,000,0
00
11,000,000
12,000,000
13,000,000
14,000,000
15,000,0
00
16,000,000
17,000,000
18,000,000
19,000,000
20,000,0
00
21,000,000
22,000,000
China 22,116,825
United States 11,045,902
Japan 9,630,070
Germany
5,718,222
South Korea
4,521,429
India 3,880,938
Brazil 3,740,418
Mexico 3,052,395
Thailand
2,532,577
Canada 2,379,806
Russia 2,175,311
Spain 2,163,338

France 1,740,000
UK
1,597,433
Indonesia
1,208,211
Czech Rep.
1,132,931
Turkey 1,125,534
Slovakia
975,000
Argentina
791,007
Iran 743,680
"Production Statistics". OICA.
By manufacturer[edit]
Rank of manufacturers by production in 2013[34]
Rank
Group Country Total Cars
LCV
HCV
Heavy Bus
1
Toyota Japan 10,324,995
8,565,176
1,481,722
272,411
5,686
2
General Motors United States 9,628,912
6,733,192
2,890,95
8
4,762
3
Volkswagen
Germany
9,379,229
9,259,506
119,723
4
Hyundai South Korea
7,233,080
6,909,194
242,021 67,290
14,575
5
Ford
United States 6,077,126
3,317,048
2,667,220
92,858
6
Nissan Japan 4,950,924
4,090,677
837,331 22,916
7
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Italy / United States 4,681,704
2,163,040
2,350,697
124,131 43,836
8
Honda
Japan 4,298,390
4,263,239
35,151
9
Suzuki Japan 2,842,133
2,452,573
389,560
10
PSA Peugeot Citron
France 2,833,781
2,445,889
387,892
11
Renault France 2,704,675
2,347,913
356,762
12
BMW
Germany
2,006,366
2,006,366
13
SAIC
China 1,992,250
1,685,392
231,374 74,431 1,053
14
Daimler Germany
1,781,507
1,631,502
150,005
15
Mazda
Japan 1,264,173
1,175,443
88,730
16
Dongfeng
China 1,238,948
642,092 226,319 357,414 13,123
17
Mitsubishi
Japan 1,229,441
1,090,571
135,306 3,564
18
Changan China 1,109,889
873,794 166,056 70,039
19
Tata
India 1,062,654
650,708 279,511 117,425 15,010
20
Geely
China 969,896 969,896
21
BAIC
China 918,879 243,437 285,947 384,425 5,070
22
Fuji
Japan 808,919 808,919
23
Brilliance
China 782,904 479,335 264,210 39,359
24
FAW
China 717,883 448,290 61,822 203,895 3,876
25
Mahindra & Mahindra
India 584,534 407,563 173,398 2,2337 1,236
26
Great Wall
China 557,564 430,423 127,141
27
Isuzu
Japan 532,966
36,094 494,907 1,965
28
JAC
China 517,577 206,132 120,588 174,571 16,286
29
BYD
China 510,950 510,950
30
AvtoVAZ Russia 507,242 495,013 12,229
OICA[35] defines these entries as follows:
Passenger cars are motor vehicles with at least four wheels, used for the transp
ort of passengers, and comprising no more than eight seats in addition to the dr
iver's seat.
Light commercial vehicles (LCV) are motor vehicles with at least four wheels, us
ed for the carriage of goods. Mass given in tons (metric tons) is used as a limi
t between light commercial vehicles and heavy trucks. This limit depends on nati
onal and professional definitions and varies between 3.5 and 7 tons. Minibuses,
derived from light commercial vehicles, are used for the transport of passengers
, comprising more than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat and having a
maximum mass between 3.5 and 7 tons.

Heavy trucks (HCV) are vehicles intended for the carriage of goods. Maximum auth
orised mass is over the limit (ranging from 3.5 to 7 tons) of light commercial v
ehicles. They include tractor vehicles designed for towing semi-trailers.
Buses and coaches are used for the transport of passengers, comprising more than
eight seats in addition to the driver's seat, and having a maximum mass over th
e limit (ranging from 3.5 to 7 tones) of light commercial vehicles.
Company relationships[edit]
It is common for automobile manufacturers to hold stakes in other automobile man
ufacturers. These ownerships can be explored under the detail for the individual
companies.
Notable current relationships include:[citation needed]
AB Volvo and Eicher Motors has a 50-50% joint venture called VE Commercial Vehic
les.
Anadolu Group and Isuzu have a 50-50% joint venture called Anadolu Isuzu.
Beijing Automotive Group has a joint venture with Daimler called Beijing Benz, b
oth companies hold a 50-50% stake. both companies also have a joint venture call
ed Beijing Foton Daimler Automobile. BAG also has a joint venture with Hyundai c
alled Beijing Hyundai, both companies hold a 50-50% stake.
BMW and Brilliance have a joint venture called BMW Brilliance. BMW owns a 50% st
ake, Brilliance owns a 40.5% stake, and the Shenyang municipal government owns a
9.5% stake.
Chang'an Automobile Group has three joint ventures, one with PSA Peugeot Citroen
(CAPSA), both hold a 50-50% stake, one with Suzuki(Changan Suzuki), both hold a
50-50% stake, and one with Ford and Mazda(Changan Ford Mazda), CAG holds a 50% s
take, Ford holds a 35% stake, and Mazda holds a 15% stake. Chang'an and Ford hav
e a joint venture called Chang'an Ford Nanjing. Jiangling and Chang'an have a jo
int venture called Jiangxi Jiangling.
Chery has a joint venture with Tata Motors called Chery Jaguar Land Rover, both
companies hold a 50-50% stake. Chery and Israel Corporation has a joint venture
called Qoros, both companies hold a 50-50% stake.
Daimler AG holds a 20% stake in Eicher Motors, a 10.0% stake in KAMAZ, an 89.29%
stake in Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corporation, a 6.75% stake in Tata Motor
s and a 3.1% in the Renault-Nissan Alliance, a 12% stake in Beijing Automotive G
roup, and an 85% stake in Master Motors. Daimler and BYD Auto have a joint ventu
re called Denza, both companies hold a 50-50% stake.
Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Nissan have a 50-50% joint venture called Venucia
, and another 50-50% joint venture called Dongfeng Motor Company. Dongfeng and P
SA Group have a 50-50% joint venture called Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroen, a 50-50% j
oint venture with Honda called Dongfeng Honda, a joint venture with AB Volvo cal
led Dongfeng Nissan-Diesel,a 50-50% joint venture with Renault named Dongfeng Re
nault in Wuhan, which was founded in the end of 2013
FCA holds a 90% stake in Ferrari, a 67% stake in Fiat Automobili Srbija and 37.8
% of Tofas with another 37.8% owned by Ko Holding.
Fiat Automobili Srbija owns a 54% stake in Zastava Trucks.
Fiat Industrial owns a 46% stake in Zastava Trucks.
Ford Motor Company holds a 3% stake in Mazda, a 12.1% share in Aston Martin, a 4
9% share in Jiangling Motors. Ford and Navistar International have a 50-50 joint
venture called Blue Dimond Truck. Ford and Sollers JSC have a 50-50 joint ventu
re called Ford Sollers. Both Ford and Ko Holding own a 41% stake in Ford Otosan.
Ford and Lio Ho Group hanve a joint venture called Ford Lio Ho, Ford owns 70% an
d Lio Ho Group owns 30%.
FAW Group and GM has a 50-50 joint venture called FAW-GM, a 50-50 joint venture
with Volkswagen Group called FAW-Volkswagen, and a 50-50 joint venture with Toyo
ta called Sichuan FAW Toyota Motor and both companies also have another joint ve
nture called Ranz. FAW Group owns 49% of Haima Automobile
Fujian Motors Group holds a 15% stake in King Long. FMG, China Motor, and Daimle
r has a joint venture called Fujian Benz. FMG, China Motor, and Mitsubishi Motor
s has a joint venture called Soueast, FMG holds a 50% stake, and both China Moto

r and Mitsubishi Motors holds an equal 25% stake.

Geely Automobile holds a 23% stake in Manganese Bronze Holdings.
General Motors holds a 20% stake in Industries Mcaniques Maghrbines. General Motor
s and Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation (SAIC), and has two joint venture
s in Shanghai General Motors and SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile. Both also hold an eq
ual 50% stake in General Motors India Private Limited. And General Motors holds
a 94% stake in GM Korea and SAIC Group holds a 6% stake. General Motors and UzAv
tosanoat have a joint venture called GM Uzbekistan, UzAvtosanoat owns 75% and Ge
neral Motors owns 25%. General Motors and UzAvtosanoat also have a joint venture
called UzDaewooAvto both each hold a 50-50 stake. GM, AvtoVAZ, and EBRD have a
joint venture called GM-AvtoVAZ, Both GM and AvtoVAZ owns 41.61% and EBRD owns 1
6.76%.
Hyundai Motor Group and Kibar Holding has a joint venture called Hyundai Assan O
tomotiv, Hyundai Motor Group owns 70% and Kibar Holding owns 30%.
Isuzu and General Motors has a 50-50% joint venture called Isuzu Truck South Afr
ica. Isuzu owns 10% of Industries Mcaniques Maghrbines. Isuzu, Sollers JSC, and Im
perial Sojitz have a joint venture called Sollers-Isuzu, Sollers JSC owns66%, Is
uzu owns 29%, and Imperial Sojitz owns 5%.
Mahindra & Mahindra and Navistar International has a joint venture called Mahind
ra Trucks and Buses Limited. Mahindra & Mahindra owns 51% and Navistar Internati
onal owns 49%.
MAN SE holds a 17.01% voting stake in Scania. MAN and UzAvtosanoat have a joint
venture called MAN Auto-Uzbekistan, UzAvtosanoat owns 51% and MAN owns 49%.
Marcopolo owns 19% of New Flyer Industries.
Navistar International and JAC has a joint venture called Anhui Jianghuai Navist
ar.
Nissan owns 43% of Nissan Shatai.
Porsche Automobil Holding SE has a 50.74% voting stake in Volkswagen Group. The
Porsche automotive business is fully owned by the Volkswagen Group.
PSA Peugeot Citroen and Toyota have a 50-50% joint venture called Toyota Peugeot
Citroen Automobile Czech, and another joint venture with Chang'an called Chang'
an PSA automobile.
Renault and Nissan Motors have an alliance( Renault-Nissan Alliance ) involving
two global companies linked by cross-shareholding, with Renault holding 44.3% of
Nissan shares, and Nissan holding 15% of (non-voting) Renault shares. The allia
nce holds a 3.1% share in Daimler AG.
Renault holds a 25% stake in AvtoVAZ and an 80.1% stake in Renault Samsung.
SAIPA holds a 51% stake in Pars Khodro.
Sollers JSC is involved in Joint ventures with Ford(Ford Sollers) and Mazda to p
roduce cars.
Toyota holds a 51% stake in Daihatsu, 16.7% in Fuji Heavy Industries, parent com
pany of Subaru, and a 10% stake in Tesla, .
Volkswagen Group holds a 37.73% stake in Scania (68.6% voting rights), a 53.7% s
take in MAN SE (55.9% voting rights), and a 99.55% stake in the Audi Group. Volk
swagen is integrating Scania, MAN and its own truck division into one division.
Paccar inc. has a 19% stake in Tatra.
Tata Motors also formed a joint venture with Fiat and gained access to Fiat's di
esel engine technology. Tata Motors sells Fiat cars in India through a 50/50 joi
nt venture Fiat Automobiles India Limited, and is looking to extend its relation
ship with Fiat and Iveco to other segments. Tata and Marcopolo have a Tata Marco
polo, Tata owns 51% and Marcopolo owns 49%.
ZAP owns 51% of Zhejiang Jonway.
Top vehicle manufacturing groups by volume[edit]
The table below shows the world's largest motor vehicle manufacturing groups, al
ong with the marques produced by each one. The table is ranked by 2013 productio
n figures from the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OI
CA)[34] for the parent group, and then alphabetically by marque. Joint ventures
are not reflected in this table. Production figures of joint ventures are typica
lly included in OICA rankings, which can become a source of controversy.[36][37]

Marque Country of origin

Ownership
Markets
1. Toyota Motor Corporation ( Japan)
Daihatsu
Japan Subsidiary
Europe, Asia (except South Korea), Afric
a, and South America
Hino
Japan Subsidiary
South East Asia, Japan, North America (except Un
ited States) and South America
Lexus Japan Business Unit South East Asia, Japan, Middle East, United Stat
es, Canada, Europe, Brazil, Costa Rica, Panama, Chile, Australia, New Zealand, S
outh Africa, India
Ranz
China Business Unit China
Scion Japan Division
United States, Canada
Toyota Japan Division
Global, except Iran
2. General Motors Company ( United States)
Buick United States Business Unit United States, Canada, Mexico, China, Is
rael
Cadillac
United States Business Unit North America, Europe, Middle Ea
st, China, Japan, South Korea
Chevrolet
United States Business Unit Global, except Australia, New Ze
aland
GMC
United States Business Unit North America, Middle East (except Israe
l)
Holden Australia
Subsidiary
Australia, New Zealand
JieFang China Business Unit China
Opel
Germany Business Unit Europe (except UK), North Africa, South Africa,
Middle East, China, Singapore, Chile
Vauxhall
United Kingdom Business Unit United Kingdom
UzDaewoo
Uzbekistan
Business Unit Central Asia, Russia
Wuling China Business Unit China
3. Volkswagen Group AG ( Germany)
Audi
Germany Subsidiary
Global, except Iran
Bentley United Kingdom Subsidiary
Global
Bugatti France Subsidiary
Global
Lamborghini
Italy Subsidiary
Global
MAN
Germany Subsidiary
Global, except North America and Australia
Porsche Germany Subsidiary
Global, except Iran
SEAT
Spain Subsidiary
Europe, Central America, South America, Middle E
ast and Northern Africa
koda Czech Republic Subsidiary
Europe, Asia, Central America (including
Dominican Republic), South America, Northern and western Africa, Australia, New
Zealand
Volkswagen
Germany Division
Global
Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Germany Subsidiary
Europe, Central America,
South America, Australia, China
VTB
Brazil Business Unit Brazil, Mexico, Nigeria, South Africa
4. Hyundai Motor Group ( South Korea)
Hyundai South Korea
Division
Global
Kia
South Korea
Subsidiary
Global, except Japan
5. Ford Motor Company ( United States)
Ford
United States Division
Global
Lincoln United States Business Unit United States, Canada, Mexico, Middle Ea
st, Japan, South Korea, China
Troller Brazil Subsidiary
South America, Africa
6. Nissan ( Japan)
Datsun Japan Division
Indonesia, India, Russia, South Africa
Infiniti
Japan Subsidiary
Global, except Japan, Korea, South Ameri
ca and Africa
Nissan Japan Division
Global
Venucia China Business Unit China
7. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles ( Italy / United States)
Abarth Italy Subsidiary
Global, except Iran

Alfa Romeo
Italy Subsidiary
Global, except Iran, China, Taiwan and t
he Philippines
Chrysler
United States Division
Global, except Europe (excluding
UK and Ireland), Africa (excluding South Africa and Egypt), South Asia, South E
ast Asia (excluding the Philippines)
Dodge United States Division
Global, except Europe, Africa (excluding
South Africa and Egypt), South Asia, South East Asia (excluding the Philippines
)
Ferrari Italy Subsidiary
Global, except Iran
Fiat
Italy Subsidiary
Global, except Africa (excluding South Africa),
Iran, South East Asia and Canada
Fiat Professional
Italy Business Unit Global, except Africa (excluding
South Africa), Iran, South East Asia, United States, Canada
Jeep
United States Division
Global, except Africa (excluding South A
frica and Egypt), South Asia, South East Asia (excluding the Philippines)
Lancia Italy Division
Europe (excluding UK and Ireland)
Maserati
Italy Subsidiary
Global
Ram
United States Division
United States, Canada, Mexico, Brazil, M
iddle East, Peru
8. Honda Motor Company ( Japan)
Acura Japan Division
United States, Canada, Mexico, China
Everus China Business Unit China
Honda Japan Division
Global
9. Suzuki Motor Corporation ( Japan)
Suzuki Japan Division
Global, except USA (Although the Suzuki brand us
ed to be there), Canada, North Korea and South Korea
Maruti Suzuki India Subsidiary
India, Middle East, South America
10. PSA Peugeot Citron S.A. ( France)
Citron France Subsidiary
Europe, Central and South America, Northern and
Western Africa, South Africa, Madagascar, Australia, New Zealand, Asia (except I
ndia, Pakistan and Bangladesh)
Peugeot France Subsidiary
Global, except USA, Canada, India, Pakistan and
Bangladesh
Car makes and their parent companies[edit]
The table below lists most car makes and their parent companies.
Make
Parent (Owner) Parent Country
Abarth Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Italy
Acura Honda
Japan
Alfa Romeo
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Alpheon General Motors United States
Aston Martin
Aston Martin
United Kingdom
Audi
Volkswagen Group
Germany
Baojun General Motors United States
Bentley Volkswagen Group
Germany
BMW
BMW
Germany
Bugatti Volkswagen Group
Germany
Buick General Motors United States
Cadillac
General Motors United States
Caterham
Caterham
United Kingdom
Chevrolet
General Motors United States
Chrysler
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Citron PSA Peugeot Citron
France
Dacia Renault France
Daihatsu
Toyota Japan
Datsun Nissan Japan
Dodge Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Italy/
Dongfeng
Dongfeng
China
Ferrari Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Italy/
Fiat
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Italy/

Italy/ United States

Italy/ United States

United States
United States
United States

Fisker Wanxiang
China
Ford
Ford
United States
GMC
General Motors United States
Hino Motors
Toyota Japan
Holden (HSV)
General Motors United States
Honda Honda
Japan
Hyundai Hyundai Motor Group
South Korea
Infiniti
Nissan Japan
Isuzu Isuzu Motors
Japan
Jaguar Tata Motors
India
Jeep
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Italy/ United States
Jie Fang
General Motors United States
Koenigsegg
Koenigsegg
Sweden
Kia
Hyundai Motor Group
South Korea
Lada
AvtoVAZ Russia
Lamborghini
Volkswagen Group
Germany
Lancia Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Italy/ United States
Land Rover
Tata Motors
India
Lexus Toyota Japan
Lincoln Ford
United States
Lotus PROTON Malaysia
Maserati
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Italy/ United States
Mastretta
Mastretta
Mexico
Maybach Daimler AG
Germany
Mazda Mazda
Japan
McLaren McLaren Automotive
United Kingdom
Mercedes-Benz Daimler AG
Germany
MG
SAIC Motor
China
Mini
BMW
Germany
Mitsubishi
Mitsubishi
Japan
Morgan Morgan Motor Company
United Kingdom
Nissan Nissan Japan
Noble Peter Dyson
United Kingdom
Opel
General Motors United States
Pagani Pagani Automobili
Italy
Perodua Perodua Malaysia
Peugeot PSA Peugeot Citron
France
Porsche Volkswagen Group
Germany
PROTON PROTON Malaysia
Ram
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Italy/ United States
Renault Renault France
Rolls Royce
BMW
Germany
Samand Iran Khodro (IKCO)
Iran
Saab
National Electric Vehicle Sweden (NEVS) Sweden
Scion Toyota Japan
SEAT
Volkswagen Group
Germany
koda Volkswagen Group
Germany
Smart Daimler AG
Germany
SsangYong
Mahindra & Mahindra
India
Subaru Fuji Heavy Industries
Japan
Suzuki Suzuki Japan
Tata
Tata Motors
India
Tesla Tesla
United States
Tiba/Miniator Saipa
Iran
Toyota Toyota Japan
Vauxhall
General Motors United States
Volkswagen
Volkswagen Group
Germany
Volvo Geely
China
Wuling General Motors United States
See also[edit]

Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers

Automotive industry by country
Automotive industry crisis of 2008 10
Automotive market in the United States
Big Three (automobile manufacturers)
Effects of the 2008 10 automotive industry crisis on the United States
List of countries by motor vehicle production
Motocycle
List of largest automotive companies by revenue
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Jump up ^ "2013 Production Statistics". oica.net.

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External links[edit]
Look up automotive industry in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Automotive industry.
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