ISDB-T Seminar MIC

Digital
Digital TV
TV Broadcasting
Broadcasting in
in Japan
Japan

Oct. 2007
Lima, Peru
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Japan

Koji TODA
 Today’s Topics MIC

➢ Digitization of Terrestrial TV broadcasting.

➢ Advanced Features of Japans’ Digital Terrestrial TV

Broadcasting System (named ISDB-T).

➢ Implementing Schemes for Expanding Digital Terrestrial TV

in Japan.

➢ Special Advantages of Japan’s System for Mobile Reception.

➢Summaries.

1
 MIC

Digitization
Digitization of
of Terrestrial
Terrestrial
TV
TV broadcasting
broadcasting
 Need for digitization of Terrestrial TV Broadcasting 1
MIC
MIC

1. High information capacity broadcasting

・・
・・

Multi-channel SDTV

Analog TV

HDTV

3
 Need for digitization of Terrestrial TV Broadcasting 2
MIC

2. Robustness

Analog TV Digital TV

Ghost and Noise High quality image and sound

4
 Need for digitization of Terrestrial TV Broadcasting 3
MIC

3．High functionality
Interactive TV,
Data Broadcasting
e.g. interactive shopping

Weather forecast

News

Information linked You can see the products

to on-air program and you can buy them directly.
5
 Need for digitization of Terrestrial TV Broadcasting 4
MIC

4． Efficient use of radio frequencies

Frequency（UHF）
600 606 612 618 624 630 636(MHz)

Analog TV CH 1 CH 2 CH 3

Digital TV CH 1 CH 2 CH 3

Another system can use this bandwidth.

6
 Need for digitization of Terrestrial TV Broadcasting 5
MIC

5．Affinities with other ICTs

Camera Mobile phone

TV

PDA
Personal computer
Recorder

All other ICT products are digitized. 7

 TV Channel Separation 1 MIC

During the transition period from analog TV to digital TV,

both analog and digital TV programs are simulcasted.

The bandwidth of analog TV channel and digital TV

channel must be the same.

A 6MHz bandwidth is assigned to one analog TV channel in

South American countries as well as in Japan and the USA.

ISDB-T is the most popular system in countries where

the bandwidth of one analog TV channel is 6MHz.
8
 TV Channel Separation 2 MIC

・ The
・ Theanalog
analogTV
TVbroadcasting
broadcastingsystem
systemof
of Venezuela
Venezuelais
isM
M/ /NTSC.
NTSC.
・ The
・ Thebandwidth
bandwidthof
ofone
oneanalog
analogTVTVchannel
channelin
inVenezuela
Venezuelais
is6MHz.
6MHz.

6MHz Separation : South American countries, Japan, USA, Philippines etc.

200 206 212 218 224 230 236 242(MHz)

Analog 1 Analog 2 Analog 3 Analog4

Digital Digital A digital TV broadcasting

system using 6MHz separation
6MHz 7MHz is suitable for Venezuela

7MHz Separation : Europe (DVB-T) etc.

200 207 214 221 228 235 242(MHz)

9
 DTTB System of Countries adopting 6MHz separation MIC
The countries using 6MHz channel bandwidth As of in December 2007

Usage situation Countries

Digital
Broadcasting Type Adopted Adopted & Launched
ATSC United States
United States
Canada
Canada
Mexico
Mexico
Korea
Korea
Honduras

DVB-T Myanmar
Taiwan Taiwan
Uruguay
ISDB-T
Japan Japan
Brazil Brazil
ATSC homepage、DVB-T homepage、World Population statistics 10
 Brazil adopted ISDB-T during last year, 2006 MIC

Reason for adopting ISDB-T in Brazil

○ Brazil confirmed the advantage of ISDB-T by fair

technical tests.

○ ISDB-T has the highest robustness to interference

and can provide a mobile reception service.

○ Only ISDB-T can provide stationary and mobile

reception services using the same TV channels
and transmitters.

○ The channel separation of Brazil is 6MHz.

11
 MIC

Advanced
Advanced Features
Features of
of Japan ’s Digital
Japan’s Digital
Terrestrial
Terrestrial TV
TV Broadcasting
Broadcasting
System
System (named
(named ISDB -T)
ISDB-T)
 Process of Digitization of Terrestrial Television Broadcasting
MIC

1997 ・Technical Standards for DTTB were established in E.U (DVB-T) and U.S.(ATSC)

1998 ・DTTB started in E.U (DVB-T) and U.S.(ATSC)

1999 ・Technical Standards for DTTB were established in Japan (ISDB-T).

・Support center for R&D of DTTB in Japan opened.
(Shared use of facility, Organization of Communications and Broadcasting)
2000 ・Technical standards for Digital Terrestrial Sound Broadcasting were established in Japan.
・Planning of DTTB station channels.

2001 ・Development of institutions for digitization of Terrestrial Television Broadcasting.

(Revised part of Basic Plan Popularization of Broadcasting and Use of Broadcasting Frequency)

2003 ・DTTB started in Japan (in three metropolitan areas).

・Start of trials for practical application of Digital Terrestrial Sound Broadcasting
in part of Kanto and Kinki areas.

ISDB-T is the newest DTTB system and as such includes the latest technology

13
 Diffusion of Digital Broadcasting ReceiversMIC
Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting Access to Digital
Receiver Shipments Broadcasting Satellite
24,150,000 27,470,000
Source: Japan Electronics and Information Technology association (JEITA), Japan Cable Laboratory Jun 2007 Source: NHK

Digital Broadcasting Satellite

(Unit: thousand)
① CRT 720
Receiver Shipments
② LCD 11,807
25,930,000
③ PDP 2,082
CRT 1,860
④ Tuner 349
PDP & LCD 14,420
⑤ Digital Recorder 4,176
Tuner 5,370
⑥ Personal Computer 788 (including Digital Recorder)

⑦ CATV STB 4309 CATV STB 4,280

(Unit: thousand)
25,000 ① Access to Digital Broadcasting
Satellite using CATV
*STB figures for 2004 are the statistical values for each quarter

20,000
② 1,540,000 households
15,000
One-Seg Mobile Phone Shipments
③
④
11,780,000
10,000
Jul 2007
⑤
5,000 ⑥ In-car DTTB Receiver Shipments
⑦
0 650,000 Jun 2007
Dec. Mar. Jun. Sep. Dec. Mar. Jun. Sep. Dec. Mar. Jun. Sep. Dec. Mar. Jun.
Source: Japan Electronics and Information Technology association (JEITA)
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 14
 ISDB-T is a Suitable System for Next Generation Broadcasting
MIC
HDTV, Mobile Reception, and Data (Multimedia) Broadcasting are necessary for
Next Generation Broadcasting.
10 For
11 ForLarge-screen
Large-screenTelevision
Television
0…
Broadcaster Sports High-Definition Image
Bro Digit
adc al High-Quality Sound
ast
ing
Multiplexing to One Channel
News
HDTV Mobile HDTV At home
Disasters
12 Segments 1 Segment
Compressed Compressed
by by Anytime In the bus
MPEG2 H.264
Anywhere

While In the train

Original walking
Image For
ForPortable
PortableTerminals
Terminals
15
 Features of ISDB-T MIC

HDTV Multi-Channel Service Interactive TV

High quality image Realization of multi-SDTV program Communication linked

and sound service service on 1ch bandwidth (6MHz) services with TV

High quality image Data Broadcasting Mobile Reception

High Robustness to Simple retrieval of program TV service to In-car DTTB

ghost image interference and information at any time Receiver and cell-phone
16
 Technical Features of ISDB-T 1& 2 MIC
Robustness to Radio Interference by Multi Path. OFDM: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex
Because of OFDM system is adopted .
Reflected Wave

Frequency
Direct Wave
Ordinary system

Frequency

Stability of reception for mobile HDTV reception !

Frequency and Time Interleaving
TV Station Transmission Path Receivers

17
 [Reference]
Comparison of Interleaving and No-Interleaving MIC

TV Station Transmission Path Receivers

No-Interleaving

Errors occur as a result Difficult to correct continuous errors.

of radio interference

Original date

Interleaving

Sort data in accordance with set rules Errors occur as a result Reconstruction of data Dispersed errors
of radio interference can be corrected.

18
 Technical Features of ISDB-T 3 MIC
3 Guard Interval

X station Reception Point Y station

Broadcast wave from X station (Required)

Broadcast wave from Y station (Not required) Delay at Reception Point Time

Time
Reception Time
Same Time
: Digital Data such as Video and Audio
Realization of Single Frequency Network : Guard Interval
Effective Utilization of Radio Frequency
Over 10,000 stations can be set up using 40 Ch in Japan
A Ch A Ch Reference
Multi Frequency Network
A Ch
B Ch C Ch
A Ch
X station Z station
X station Z station

Y station
Y station
19
 Technical Features of ISDB-T 4 MIC
4 Segmented Frequency
1 TV channel

Frequency

Ex.1 One HDTV and Mobile Reception.

1 TV channel

Frequency

・・・
・

8 programs or less Ex.2 3 SDTV and Mobile Reception.

The segmented frequency structure is unique system of ISDB-T. 20

 Comparison of Three DTTB Systems MIC
Results of fair evaluation by a third country (Federative Republic of Brazil )
System Japan EU U.S
Items (ISDB-T) (DVB-T) (ATSC)
Robustness Effective against ghost image Effective against ghost The same degree of
to ghost interference using advanced image interference. analog TV broadcasting.
image technique. BEST BETTER POOR
interference
Feasibility of A channel plan including SFN has Some countries such as Being tested in the U.S. and
Single already been prepared. Germany, Australia, and Canada. However, no prospect
Frequency BEST Singapore, are operating this. for commercialization has
emerged. IMPOSSIBLE
Network (SFN) BEST

Feasibility of One channel can carry portable DVB-H, another channel Portable reception is not
portable reception service simultaneously is necessary for portable available in the current system.
reception. Other systems are not being
reception with HDTV service.
considered. IMPOSSIBLE
BEST POOR

Transmission 6, 7 or 8MHz Bandwidths 6MHz

system bandwidth
For mobile reception
of 6, 7 or bandwidth
8MHz,

Frequency
For fixed reception Improved system based
It is possible to designate the on analog TV
modulation system of the segment group
broadcasting system.
unit according to the service purpose. 21
 Very Low Price and Small Converter MIC
This converter is now under developing !
[main spec]
Item Spec

Signal Video Video; Standard Definition

output Audio Audio; (L, R) two devices
(close-captioned)
Frequency band VHF and UHF

Electric power 21W

Size H100×W25×D131 (mm)

22
 [Reference] Price of DTTB Receivers MIC
¾ There is no difference in price of the television
receivers among DTTB systems.
Because almost component of digital television receivers are same.
As for the difference depend on DTTB systems is just modulation part which is
negligible against price of TV set.
As proof, price of the television receivers are same among PAL, NTSC and SECAM.

¾ Price of the television receivers is depend on functions.

e.g. High Definition TV, Multi SD, Date broadcasting, interactive function. etc
Front-End Back-End
Antenna
Audio
Decoder
(note) Speaker
DEMUX

Power Digital Video

Amplifier Demodulator Decoder

(note) the different component is

only digital demodulator for different systems Date Decoder Display
Main Components
Television

General Block Diagram of Digital Receivers 23

 MIC

Implementing
Implementing Schemes
Schemes for
for
Expanding
Expanding DTTB
DTTB in
in Japan
Japan
 Schedule for Digitalization of Broadcasting in Japan MIC
1950-70s 1980s 1990s 2000-2003 2004-2010 2011

Digital Terrestrial Television

▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
1953 1960 2003 2006 July 24, 2011
Started
Started black-
black- Started
Started color
color Started
Started digital
digital TV
TV Start
Start digital
digital broadcasting
broadcasting
and-white
and-white TV
TV TV
TV broadcasting
broadcasting broadcasting
broadcasting nationwide
nationwide
Completion
Completion ofof
broadcasting Digitalization
broadcasting in
in three
three metropolitan
metropolitan Relay
Relay station
station will
will be
be Digitalization !!
!!
areas
areas (Key
(Key Stations)
Stations) established
established sequentially
sequentially
Termination
Termination of
of
Broadcasters: analog
analog broadcasting
broadcasting
NHK (General, Education),
The University of the Air Foundation,
127 commercial broadcasters
Subscribers:
All households (48 million households)

Satellite Broadcasting
▲ ▲ ▲
1996 2000 2011
Started
Started CS
CS digital
digital Started
Started BS
BS digital
digital Completion
Completion ofof
broadcasting
broadcasting broadcasting
broadcasting Digitalization
Digitalization
CATV

▲ ▲ ▲
1955 1998 2011
Started
Started Started
Started digital
digital broadcasting
broadcasting Digital
Digital terrestrial
terrestrial broadcasting
broadcasting can
can be
be
broadcasting
broadcasting in some regions
in some regions Received
Received inin all
all subscribed
subscribed households
households

25
 Expansion Schedule for DTTB in Japan MIC
already started by Dec. 2004
started in Jun. 2005
started in Dec. 2005
started in Oct. 2006
started in Dec. 2006
39.5 million households (84%) have access to DTTB

26
 Implementing Scheme for Expanding Digital Terrestrial TV Nationwide
MIC
¾The National Council for Promotion of Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting
（Broadcasters and MIC）
- Studying challenges (both institutional and technical) involved in the
transition to digital television broadcasting

¾The National Conference for Promotion of Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting

（broadcasters, manufactures, electrical appliance shops, consumer
organizations, local governments, MIC, etc.）
- Updating/revising “Action Plan for Promotion of Digital Broadcasting,”
describing items to be implemented by its members and the schedule thereof
- Developing/updating and publicizing “Roadmap of Construction of
Broadcasting Stations” with the cooperation of the above mentioned Council
- Driving forward the activities for promoting digital broadcasting by
announcing December 1st as “Digital Broadcasting Day”

¾The Association for Promotion of Digital Broadcasting (Dpa)

（broadcasters, Manufactures, etc.）
- Publicizing broadcasting areas
- Responding to questions and inquiries from viewers
27
 Outline of Seventh Action Plan to Promote Digital Broadcasting
MIC
○○All
Allparties
partiesconcerned
concernedwork
worktogether
togetherbased
basedon
onthis
thisaction plan.“National
actionplan. “NationalConference
ConferenceononPromoting
Promoting
Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting” (Established in May 2003) promotes this plan. The Conference
Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting” (Established in May 2003) promotes this plan. The Conference
finalized the ““Seventh
finalizedthe SeventhAction
ActionPlan
Planfor
forPromotion
Promotionof ofDigital
DigitalBroadcasting”
Broadcasting”on onDecember
December2006.
2006.

Specific efforts by concerned organizations

■Terrestrial TV Broadcasters
○Development of a road map for DTTB Stations.
① This road map indicates a schedule for the construction of as many DTTB stations as possible , including small scale stations.
This road map shows when access becomes possible and in which areas.
② TV broadcasters make sure they can meet this schedule
○Diffusion and promotion of the unique DTTB service
① TV Broadcasters try to increase the ratio of HDTV programs.
② Clarification of plans to provide enhanced services, such as a DTTB service for mobile reception.

■Receiver Manufactures and Shops ..etc

○Promotion of development and diffusion of cheaper, more varied DTTB receivers.
○Response to enhanced services such as DTTB for mobile reception and server-type broadcasting.
○Promotion of development of easy-to-use DTTB receivers for all users.
○Training for shop clerks ..etc
■ Government
○Clarification and publication of specific policy to ensure realization of the road map for DTTB Station
and establishment of technical standards that enable swift and easy building of broadcasting stations.
○Publication of accurate information and schedule about DTTB in a way ordinary people can easily
understand.
28
 Official Supports for Broadcasters MIC

Support by the “Extraordinary Law for Measures to

Promote the Construction of Advanced TV Broadcasting
Facilities” etc.
¾ Preference for the national tax (corporate tax)

¾ Preference for the local tax (fixed property tax,

real-estate acquisition tax)

¾ Supply of low- or super-low-interest funds by

the Development Bank of Japan

Financial support for the implementation of

broadcasting stations in disadvantaged areas

29
 MIC

Special
Special Advantages
Advantages ofof Japan ’s
Japan’s
System
System for
for Mobile
Mobile Reception
Reception
 Demand Expansion for One-Seg Mobile Phones MIC

・ One-Seg service started in April 2006.

・ One-Seg Mobile Phone Shipments have been expanded and reached
10,000,000 for the first time in June 2007.
(Unit: thousand)

14000
11.8 million One-Seg Mobile Phones
12000 were Shipped (by the end of July. 2007).
10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

0
by Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July
2006 2007 31
 One-Seg Broadcasting Receivers Introduced to the Market (1/3)
MIC
Mobile
Mobile Phones
Phones

W33SA W41H W33SA Ⅱ W43H W43SA W44S W43H Ⅱ

（Dec 2005） （Feb 2006） （Jun 2006） （Sep 2006） （Oct 2006） （Dec 2006） （Jan 2007）
Usable also as digital radio

MEDIA SKIN W51CA W51K W51SA W51SH W51T W52T

（Jan 2007） （Jan 2007） （Jan 2007） （Jan 2007） （Jan 2007） （Jan 2007） （Jan 2007）
Usable also as digital radio Usable also as digital radio Usable also as digital radio
KDDI

P901iTV D903iTV
（Mar 2006） （Jun 2007）

905SH 911SH
（May 2006） （Nov 2006）

D903iTV P903iTV SH903iTV

（2007） （2007） （2007）

NTT DoCoMo SoftBank

Each company’s press released merchandise in Japan 32

 One-Seg Broadcasting Receivers Introduced to the Market (2/3)
MIC
Personal
Personal Computers
Computers

LesanceNB PC Card USB connective Tuner PC Card

VGN-TX91PS, etc. CL206GW-GT/TV etc （Mar 2006 OEM Supply） （DH-ONE/U2） MonsterTV 1D
（from Jan 2006） （from Jul 2006） （Oct 2006） （Nov 2006）
Sony Aro System PIXER BUFFALO SKnet
A

LavieA (LA700/GD) USB connective Tuner SDIO Tuner Express Card

T70S/V, etc.
（from Apr 2006） （Sep 2006） （LDT-1S100U） （2007 OEM MonsterTV 1D for DELL
（Sep 2006） supplied） （Nov 2006）
Fujitsu ＮＥＣ Logite ZENTE DELL
c K

USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner
PCTV-hiwasa（LOG- VGA-TV1S SEG CLIP（GV- DigiTVe （LC-1SEGU） QOT-W100
J100） （Dec 2006） 1SG/USB） （Dec 2006） （Dec 2006）
（Dec 2006） （Dec 2006）
LOGFARM SanwaSupply I.O.Data Live Creator Quick Sun

USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner
DT-007 K-ONESEG/U2 W-one（GH-1ST- ON TIME TV（IM-1ST0001U/S）
（Dec 2006） （2007） U2K） （Dec 2006）
（Dec 2006） IMJ
TRYWIN KEIAN GREEN HOUSE

Each company’s press released merchandise in Japan 33

 One-Seg Broadcasting Receivers Introduced to the Market (3/3)
MIC
Portable
Portable DVD
DVD Players
Players Electronic
Electronic Game
Game Terminal
Terminal
※ One-Seg tuner Dictionary
only for portable DVD player
Dictionary

DVD-LX97 SD-P90DT SD-P50DT

SD-PDT1
（Mar 2006） （Dec 2006） （Dec 2006） （Jul 2006）
Panasonic TOSHIBA TOSHIBA

Papyrus
PW-TC900 Nintendo DS
ROSSINI RPD7100SN-SV axion DVF-DTV100 （Dec 2006） （scheduled in 2007）
（Nov 2006） AXN6709TD （Aug 2006）
NAGASE （Dec 2006） SANYO SHARP Nintendo

Digital
Digital Audio
Audio Player
Player Exclusive
Exclusive Terminals,
Terminals, etc.
etc. Others
Others

※Usable also as
digital radio Radio
XDV-100
gigabeat V30T （Apr 2007）
(Jul 2006） SONY

gigabeat V30E & V60E

One-segment unit
（Nov 2006） BTV-400K Prodia
Produced by Wilcom
（Feb 2007） （Sep 2006）
（Dec 2006） Super One-seg TV Watch Original One-seg TV
（campaign prize） （GⅠChallenge campaign prize）
TOSHIBA BLUEDOT PIXERA Asahi Beer Georgia

Each company’s press released merchandise in Japan 34

 Utilization of Mobile Broadcasting for Disaster PreventionMIC

1. Realization of non-congested communication even in times of disaster.

2. Ensure conveying information by automatic activation even in times of disaster and/or in emergency.
3. Able to convey information according to area and objectives.
Text Image Activation Control by Broadcasting
Possibility of xxx river Non-congested communication
flooding has increased. Power-saving feature is necessary
Residents in the
surrounding areas should
evacuate. Areas affected
Evacuate from this area !
are as follows.

Activate !
Activation control signal (Cell Base Station)
&
TV Station Text and Image

Emergency
Evacuation
Instructions

Master Room
(on-air button) Emergen
cy

Server
Translate to Broadcasting
Markup Language
Both in and outside the home. 35
 MIC

Summaries
Summaries
 Summaries MIC

¾ Digitizing broadcasting consists of not only upgrading

existing analog TV systems but also achieving attractive
broadcasting service is the key to expand digital
terrestrial TV for viewers.

¾ ISDB-T makes it possible to receive SDTV or HDTV

while moving and provides the chance for enjoying new
broadcasting service to users.

¾ ISDB-T can provide a “free” mobile TV reception

service like ordinary TV broadcasting.

→ ISDB-T can be the most suitable system for expanding

digital terrestrial TV .
37
 Support for Introduction of Digital Broadcasting MIC

Technical Cooperation
JICA has existence schemes for dispatching engineers for transfer
of technologies to promote implementation of digital broadcasting.
JICA: Japan International Cooperation Agency
URL: http://www.jica.go.jp/english/index.html

Human Resource Development

JICA has existence schemes for dispatching experts and receiving
trainees in the field of Information and Communications Technology.

Financing Plan
JBIC has existence schemes for financial support to import
facilities which accompanies the implementation of digital
broadcasting.
JBIC: Japan Bank for International Cooperation
URL: http://www.jbic.go.jp/english/index.php 38
 Gracias ! MIC

¾Ministry of Internal Affairs and

Communications (MIC) :
http://www.soumu.go.jp/joho_tsusin/eng/index.html

¾Presenter:
Koji TODA
Deputy Director of Digital Broadcasting Technology division,
Information and Communications Policy Bureau, MIC

¾Contact us:
btd_i@ml.soumu.go.jp
39