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Section A
[28 marks]
Instruction: Answer all questions in this section.
The time suggested to complete this section is 60 minutes.

1. A student carried out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the angle of
incidence, i and the angle of refraction r. The arrangement of the apparatus is shown in figure 1.
incident ray

glass block
Figure 1

At the beginning of the experiment , the incident ray strikes the boundary of the
glass block at an angle of 30o with the normal. The position of the refracted ray is
marked with black dot. The experiment is repeated for i = 40o, 50o, 60o and 70o.
The corresponding refracted rays produced from the different angles of incidence
are shown in figures 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. ( Figure 2 to 6 are drawn to actual scale.

30° 40°

Figure 2 Figure 3
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50° 50°

Figure 4 Figure 5

60°

Figure 6

(a) Based on the aim and procedure of the experiment, state: (1 marks)
i. the manipulated variable :

ii. the responding variable : (1 marks)

iii. the fixed variable : (1 marks)

(b Based on Figure 2, measure the angle of refraction , r, when the angle on

) incidence, i, is 30o.
r = _______________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
Continue measure the angles of refraction, r, in Figure 3, 4, 5 and 6 where the (6 marks)
incident rays are different. Tabulate your results for i, r, sin i, sin r
(c) Draw a graph for sin i versus sin r on the graph paper. ( on the x-axis the value of (5 marks)
sin r starts from 0.2 and on the y-axis the value of sin i starts from 0.4 )
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(d Based on your graph, state the relationship between sin i and sin r. (1 mark)
)

2 A student carried out an experiment to study the relationship between the

resistance R and the length of a metal wire. The student used different lengths of
wire l , and recorded the current I flowing through them and the readings of the
potential difference, V, across them. The student then calculated the resistance of
each length of metal wire using the formula R=V/I. A graph of R is plotted
against l by the student as shown in Figure 7.
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Graph R against l

R/Ω
3.0 -- x

x
2.5 --

2.0 --
x

1.5 --

1.0 --

x
0.5 --

20 40 60 80 100
Figure 7
l/cm
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(a) Based on your graph, on figure 7,
i) state the relationship between R and l. (1 mark)

_______________________________________________________________

ii ) calculate the slope of the graph (3 marks)

_______________________________________________________________
(b Three metal wires similar to the used in the experiment are connected parallel. If (3 marks)
) each wire is 200 cm long, what is the effective resistance of the three pieces of
wire arranged parallel?
(c) 4ρ l (4 marks)
By using the slope of the graph obtain in (a) ii and the equation R =
π d2
(Where ρ = resistivity of the metal, d= diameter of the wire= 0.30mm) Calculate
the value of the resistivity ρ of the wire.

(d State one reason why the current passing through the wire in the experiment is (1 mark)
) constant at the low value of 0.5 A
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Section B
[12 marks]

3. A diver feels some pain in the ear when he dives gradually towards the sea bed.

Figure 8
Based on the observations
(a) Make one suitable inference (1 mark)
(b State one appropriate hypothesis that could be investigated. (1 mark)
)
(c) Describe the outline of an experiment to test your hypothesis stated in (b)
Choose suitable apparatus such as cork, tin and others. In your description, state
clearly the following;
i. aim of the experiment
ii. variables in the experiment
iii. list of the apparatus and materials
iv. arrangement of the apparatus
v. the procedure of the experiment, which include the method of controlling
the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding
variable.
vi. the way you would tabulate the data
vii. the way you would analyse the data
4. The figures below show two pieces of cardboard of different thickness
placed in between a radioactive source and a G-M tube.

It is observed that the readings shown on the counter are different. Based on
the above information and observation,
(a) State one suitable inference.
(b) State one suitable hypothesis.
(c) Using apparatus such as a a radioactive source, a G-M tube and other
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appropriate apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate (1 mark)
the hypothesis stated in part (b). In your description, state clearly
(i) Aim of the experiment. (1 mark)
(ii) Variables in the experiment.
(iii) List of apparatus and materials. (10 marks)
(iv) Arrangement of the apparatus.
(v) The procedure of the experiment which include the method of
controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring
the responding variable.
(vi) The way you would tabulate the data.
(vii) The way you would analyse the data.