ENGLISH TASK GROUP

Gerund
Lecture : Dra. Hj. Nelly Astuti, M.Pd.
Sixth Group Of I B Semester
Members of group :
1.
2.
3.
4.

Maya Safitri
Prayogi Ariyono
Viktor Tanda V
Wiwin Kuswanti

(1213053069)
(1213053087)
(1213053119)
(1213053122)

S1 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHER DEVELOPMENT (PGSD)

EDUCATION AND TEACHING FACULTY
UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG
2012
PREFACE

Praise be to Allah SWT because of His grace of the authors of this paper
can be completed as expected. In this paper we discuss the "Gerund".
This paper was prepared in order to deepen the content of the noun as well
as the duty of English courses.
In the process of deepening of this material, of course we get the guidance,
direction, correction, and suggestions, for that our thanks goes to :

Dra.Hj. Nelly Astuti, M.Pd courses as a lecturer of "English".

Fellow students who have provided input to this paper.

The author knows that the completion of this paper is not complete, so criticisms
and suggestions are expected in order to build. Hopefully this paper provides
particular benefits to authors and readers in general.

Metro, October 2012

Author

TABLE OF CONTENT

COVER
PREFACE

TABLE OF CONTENT ii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the study

B. Problem formulation 1
C. Purpose of the study 1
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Definition of Gerund 2
B. uses of gerund phrases

CHAPTER III CLOSING

A. Conclusion

B. Sugestion

REFERENCE

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study

Although not one of the eight parts of speech in English traditional, gerund
is a particular type of word applied to English grammar. The word is derived
from the oral, or verbal form, but does not act as a verb in a sentence. There are
three types of verbal: gerund, participle, and infinitive. Although the gerund
form of the verb and indicates an action or state, it acts as a noun and therefore
occupy a place in a sentence in which the word ordinary objects, such as
subject, direct object, or the object of the preposition.
Without exception, gerund always ends in-ing. It may be confused with a
participle, which is spoken most often ends in-ing or-ed, but the participle
acting as an adjective modifying the noun itself is not a noun. The following
words ending in-ing gerunds or participles can, depending on how they are
used in a sentence

B. Problem formulation
1. What is the sense of the gerund ?
2. What are the use of the gerund ?

C. Purpose of the study

1. Can explain the meaning of the gerund.
2. Knowing the uses of gerund.

CHAPTER II
LITERARURE REVIEW
Definision Of Gerund

A gerund is a word ending with ing and has the force of a noun and
verb. It is also know as verbal noun. For example: killing, receiving, answering,
playing, studying, etc.In a sentence,
Uses of gerund :

Gerund as subject
Gerund as object
Subjective Complement
In place of infinitive
The difference between the gerund and participle should be noted carefully
Gerund may be used like an ordinary noun
The possessive cas of the noun and pronoun should be used before gerunds

Explanation Uses Of Gerund

1. Gerund As Subject

1. Having a lot of money is better than having a little.

2. Writing and speaking are two different aspects in a language.
3. Dropping out of school has caused him hard to find a good job.

2. Gerund As Object
If the verb follows another verb or follow prepositions, the verb that follows
this sentence serves as an object.
a. After Verbs
As with the infinitive, gerund can also follow certain verbs, as in the
following sentence pattern:
Subject + verb + gerund

These are verbs that directly followed by a gerund.

admit

enjoy

regret

appreciate

finish

report

avoid

mind

resent

cant help

miss

resist

consider

postpone

resume

complete

practice

risk

delay

quit

suggest

deny

recall

begin

dread

love

cant stand

hate

prefer

continue

like

start

remember

forget

dislike
stop
Note :
1) Verbs in the first row is always followed by a gerund (never followed by
infinitives). Can not help here means "not Able to avoid a situation, or
stop something from happening".
2) Verbs in the second row than be followed by gerund can also be followed
by the infinitive with the same meaning as its gerund form. (See for
example the infinitive)
3) Verbs in the third row can also be followed by the infinitive, but the
meaning is different from its gerund form. See contah 8, 9 & 10 and
compare the differences in meaning with an example in the infinitive).
Example:
1) Has Ryan admitted killing eleven people yet?
2) I appreciated being given suggestions by her.
3) Tony always avoids answering my questions.

4) I enjoyed being with you last night.

5) Have you finished reading the book yet?
6) They prefer playing football to studying. Note: Verb prefer if followed
by a gerund, different sentence patterns when followed by invinitive.
7) I can not help worrying about the upcoming exam.
8) I want to stop smoking. In this sentence, the subject I wish to not
smoke-smoking again.
9) My brother always remembers locking his car. So far, the car has never
been in a locked state. Note: Use the gerund after the verb remember if
the activity is carried out in the past
10) My brother never Forgets locking his car. Similar to Example 7, so far,
the car has never been in a locked state. Note: Use the gerund after the
verb forget if its activities are carried out in the past.

b. After Prepositions

Before followed by gerunds, prepositions (preposition) usually follow verbs,

adjectives or nouns. Consider the following pattern:
verb
Subject

adjective

preposition

gerund

noun
Verbs + prepositions + gerunds
Phrase in the following table are verbs + prepositions are always followed by a
gerund (never followed by the infinitive.
approve of

think about

count on

be better off

think of

depend on

give up

worry about

insist on

put off

succeed in

keep on
rely on

object to

look forward to

confess to

Note: Although it was followed by the preposition to, phrases in the second
row are followed by a gerund. So, do not be confused with the infinitive.
example:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)

He gave up smoking Because of his doctor's advice.

Jenny insisted on buying that cellphone instead of this one.
Have you ever thought of studying abroad?
After a long trial and error, he finally Succeeded in fixing his laptop.
My older sister objected to not being allowed to go out wit her friends.
I am looking forward to seeing you soon. INCORRECT if: I am
looking forward to see you soon.
7) No one has confessed to stealing my money yet. INCORRECT if: No
one has confessed to steal my money yet.

Adjectives + Prepositions + Gerunds

Phrase in the following table are adjectives + prepositions are always
followed by a gerund (never followed by the infinitive.)

accustomed to

interested in

fond of

intent on

capable of

tired of

afraid of

successful in

Example:
1) Will you be capable of finishing your work by noon tomorrow?
2) Are you afraid of sleeping in the dark?

3) I am tired of studying all day long. Let's go out to have fun.

4) Judith is fond of singing while taking a shower.
5) Bobby is accustomed to buying roses for his girlfriend.

Nouns + prepositions + gerunds

Phrase in the following table are nouns + prepositions are always followed
by a gerund (never followed by the infinitive.)
choice of

intention of

possibility of

excuse for

methods for/of

reason for

Example:
1) The teacher gave us a choice of taking another exam.
2) I am so sorry. I had no intention of hurting your feeling.
3) He always has an excuse for being late.
4) There is no possibility of recruiting new employees during recession
we are facing now.
5) Have you found the best method for improving your English yet?
6) Your reason for getting bad grades is a big nonsense.

3. Subjective Complement
Gerund as a complement to the subject in the sentence is usually always
preceded to be located between the subject and the complement wiki, for
example:
1. My chief delight is dancing.

2. My favorite activity is reading.

3. My hobby is cooking.
4. In place of infinitive
Infinitive

Gerund

Tech me to speak

Teach me speaking

To advise is easier than to practice

Advising is easier than practicing

To read is easer than to write

Reading is easier than writing

To save is to earn

Saving is earing

5. The difference between the gerund and participle should be noted

carefully
Gerund

Participle

She is tired of writing letters to her

husband

Writing letters to her husband, she

forget everything

I was prevented from meeting

padma

Meeting padma for the first time, I

decided to marry her

Respecting our parents is our duty

Respecting her words , I never

tried to meet her

6. Gerund may be used like an ordinary noun

Example :
The planning of tine helps us succeed in life
The colleting of taxes is the duty of the government
The loving of children delights me

7. The possessive case of the noun and pronound should be used before
gerund
Example :
She insisted on me paying the money ( incorrect)
She insisted on my paying the money ( correct )

Padma objected to vijaya talking like that (incorrect )

Padma objected to vijayas talking lake that ( corret )

I am sorry for him having spent live uselessly ( incorrect )

I am sorry for his having spent live uselessly ( correct )

CHAPTER III
CLOSING

A. Conclusion

Gerund can only function as a complement or supplement wiki verb

after tobe and serves as a complement or supplement wiki subject then
it is a gerund. ing verb at the beginning of a sentence that serves as a
subject, for example: Cooking is her hobby. Swimming is better than
running. So it is a gerund ing verb.ing verbs after prepositions, for
example: I will watch TV before eating. So said verb+ ing is verb
gerund possessive adjective ing after then it is gerund.
B. Sugesstion
We are of the authors of the paper acknowledge with gratitude because
we made paper was completed, we are of the authors hope that this
paper can useful for all my friends so it could be a reference for the
study. We also hope penbaca can tolerate deficiencies in this paper

REFERENCES

Nugroho, Drs.Satrio. Practical Complete English Grammar. Penerbit Kartika

Surabaya.
Werner, Patricia K., Nelson, John P., Hyzer, Keesia, Church, Mary Mitchell.
Interaction 2 Grammar 4th Edition. Penerbit Balai Pustaka.
Betty Schramfer Azar (English Grammer Secound Edition).
Dra. Mun Fika (Complet English Grammer).