A Kind of Magnetic Gear With High Speed

A Kind Of Magnetic Gear with High Speed
Yongkui Man, Yushuang Zhao, Chunyuan Bian, Shuangquan Wang, Hongbin Zhao
Advances on Information Sciences and Service Sciences. Volume 3, Number 1, January 2011
A Kind of Magnetic Gear with High Speed

Department of Electrical Engineering, Northeastern University, China
manyongkui @ise.neu.edu.cn
student tt1049359892@163.com
Department of Electrical Engineering, Northeastern University, China
bianchunyuan@ise.neu.edu.cn
student shuangquan38.2@163.com, yyzhb111@163.com
doi:10.4156/aiss.vol3.issue1.12
Abstract
Mechanical gear boxes have the construction of direct mechanical contact, whose disadvantages
are low efficiency, noisy, complicated lubrication and easy to produce vibrations to be damaged and so
on. Especially for the occasions with the requirement of big gear ratio, the mechanical multi-speed
gears are needed, which makes the shortcomings of mechanical gear transmission even more obviously.
In this paper, the construction of a novel magnetic gear, which has no direct mechanical contact
between the driven axis and load axis, is proposed, the principle of the gear ratio is introduced and the
production of the reluctance torque of the magnetic gear is analyzed. The results show that the gear
ratio of this magnetic gear can be even larger.
Keyword: Gear Box, Reluctance Torque, Magnetic Gear, Non-contact

1. Introduction
A magnetic gear transmission offers many advantages over a mechanical system. And the physical
isolation, or non direct contact, of the different gear axes also has great advantages in pump
applications when the sealing and contamination are big issues. Most of the early documented research
on magnetic gear has come from professors in Japan. In 1987, two professors from Tohoku Gakuin
University built a magnetic gear with 1/3 gear ratio [1]. In 1991, three professors from Japan realized
the benefits of utilizing magnetic gears in micro transmission mechanisms [2]. They found that
problems with machining such small gear contours could be avoided by using non-contact magnetic
gears. They also found the torque limiting characteristic to be very beneficial due to the torque
sensitivity of micro mechanisms.
A new high performance design has been introduced by professors from the University of Sheffield
in England in [3], [4]. This new design has greatly improved torque and gear ratio capability. The
design from the University of Sheffield is based on permanent magnets on the outer rotor and inner
rotor, and the harmonic components are utilized to produce torque of the magnetic gear. Because the
torque is based on the magnets, the size of which is limited in real construction, the gear ratio of this
kind of magnetic gear is limited. In this paper, a novel magnetic gear [5] is proposed and it is mainly
based on the principle of reluctance motors, and the theory of reluctance torque [6], though there still
are permanent magnets on the inner rotor. Because of the tooth construction, the gear ratio of this new
magnetic gear can be even larger.
2. Structure of Magnetic Gear Transmission

The new construction of magnetic gear proposed includes inner rotor, outer rotor and the
stator.They are radial concentric and mutual embedded-style assembled. There is non-contact gap
betweeninner rotor and outer rotor, outer rotor and the stator. The inner rotor is in the inner with at
least one pair of permanent magnetic poles mounted. Outer rotor is located in the middle, with pairs of
poles,uniformly distributed, and the magnetic poles, made of ferromagnetic material, are designed to
have the comb tooth structure. The stator is at the most outer layer with the construction of continuous

comb teeth on it, it is also made of ferromagnetic material. The new design with the inner rotor, the
outer rotor and stator comb teeth are shown in the figure. 1.
Figure 1. The structure of the new magnetic gear

The inner rotor contains inner rotor base, inner rotor shaft and rotor poles. The inner rotor magnetic
poles designed in pairs on the shaft, and inner rotor shaft is hold onto the stator through the bearing.
The N poles and the S poles on inner rotor should be arranged to appear interval.
The outer rotor includes external rotor base, outer rotor shaft, outer rotor magnetic poles. There are
comb tooth structures on rotor magnetic poles in the outer rotor base. The comb structures of outer
rotor and stator have the same electric degree, with which, the torque produced by the opposite poles
on the outer rotor will be identical. The pole pitch
formula:
sp
Here
sp
can be calculated according to the following
360
2 psp
(1)
psp is the number of outer rotor pole pairs.
And the stator comb tooth pitch
out
will follow the formula:
out
And the outer rotor comb tooth pitch
360
1
2 p sp ( n
)
p sp
(2)
is:
s out
360
Nt
(3)
Where: N t is the number of stator comb teeth. The number of comb teeth corresponding to a magnetic
pole distance of outer rotor N sp can be derived by the following formula:

sp
1
p sp
(4)
Where: n is a positive integer and the signs of will determine the rotation direction of outer
rotor [7]. To fulfill the above principle, we can examine the following as a special example:
The number of inner rotor magnetic pole pairs in is assumed to be 1 and the number of outer rotor
P
pole pairs sp is 3. It is not difficult to understand that, with these assumptions, when the inner rotor
rotates over three stator poles, the outer rotor will rotate for a comb tooth.
Therefore, the number of stator comb teeth
be met:
sp
N sp
over the distance of outer rotor pole pitch should
1
1
8
3
p sp
Here n=8 and the sign in the equation (4) is chosen as "+"
The number of stator comb must satisfy the following formula:
N t 6 (n
1
)
3
If n is selected as 8 and the sign is "+", then
N t 6 (8
Substitute N t into the equation (4),
and
out
out
1
) 50
3
can be got as:
360
7 .2
Nt
3. The Principle of Operation

The position changes of the magnetic gear are shown in figure.2. Assume the initial position is
shown in the figure.2 (a), and two poles on the inner rotor are vertical within the outer rotor. Then the
comb teeth of the outer rotor will be aligned with the stator teeth because of the produced reluctance
torque that is, holding torque. When the inner rotor rotates over 60 degrees (a full outer rotor pitch)
Clockwise, the outer rotor will rotate 1/3 comb tooth counterclockwise, [8] for the same reason of
the reluctance torque production, shown in the figure.2(b). When the inner rotor rotates another 60
degrees (a outer rotor pole pitch again) clockwise, the outer rotor will also rotate another 1/3 comb
tooth counterclockwise, shown in the figure.2(c). When the inner rotor rotates over 180 degrees (That
is an inner rotor pole pitch), the outer rotor will be positioned again and the outer rotor will rotate over
one comb tooth from the beginning. In other words, the outer rotor will rotate over a comb tooth if
inner rotor turns an inner pole pitch and the inner rotor and outer rotor will rotate at fixed ratio. From
N sp n
1
psp
determine the rotating direction of

the principle we can get that the in the formula
outer rotor. The sign + will decide the rotational directions for the inner rotor and outer rotor at
counter direction and the sign will decide the rotational directions for the inner rotor and outer

rotor at the same direction. So we can control the relative rotation direction between the inner rotor and
the outer rotor by choosing the required signs.
Figure 2. The principle of operation of the magnetic gear
4. Conclusion
Magnetic gear transmission can reduce mechanical vibration and reduce noise[9] , and is abstracting
the attention of researchers. The many benefits of the magnetic gear have been the driving force of the
research and optimization ever since. In this paper, the construction of a novel magnetic gear is
proposed, the principle of the gear ratio is introduced and the production of the reluctance torque of the
magnetic gear is analyzed. From the analysis in the paper, it is not difficult to understand that the
number of the stator comb teeth, t , can be set as a quite large figure, by which, the speed ratio will
be large correspondingly. This benefit can also find specially applications in various areas.
5. Reference
[1] Atallah, k., and Howe, D. A novel high-performance magnetic gear , IEEE Trans.Magn.,
2001, 37,(4).pp.2844-2846.

[2] Attallah, K., Calverley,S.D., and Howe ,DD. Design, Analysis and realization of a highperformance magnetic gear , IEEE Proc.-ellectr. Appl., March 2004, Vol. 151, No.2, pp. 135143,2004.
[3] Tsurromoto, K.,and Kikuchi, S. A New Magnetic Gear Using Permanent Magnetl ,
IEEETrans.Magn. september 1987,23,5,pp.3622-3524.
[4] Ikuta, K., Makita, S., and Arimoto, S. Non-Contact Magnetic Gear for Micro-Transmission
Mechanism , Proc. IEEE Conf. On Micro electrical mechanical System, MEMS91, Nara, Japan,
pp. 125-130 1991.
[5] Yongkui Man: Patent 200810010356.8. A New Magnetic Gear, 2008.
[6] Yongkui Man etc. General purpose inverters and their applications, Mechanical industrial Press,
1995.
[7] Lin Ling-yan, Song Jian-cheng, Tian Mu-qin, "The Early Fault Diagnosis Method of Induce
Motor Based on Gray Prediction Nerve Network", IJIPM: International Journal of Information
Processing and Management, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 100 ~ 103, 2010
[8] Zhendong Mu Dan Xiao Jianfeng Hu, "Classification of Motor Imagery EEG Signals Based
onTime-Frequency Analysis ", JDCTA, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 11 ~ 19, 2009
[9] TIAN Mu-ling, , Yang Jie-ming, "Selection of De-noising Methods of Signals in Fault Diagnosis
of Motor", IJIPM, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 55 ~ 58, 2010

A Kind of Magnetic Gear With High Speed

Încărcat de

Informații document

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

A Kind of Magnetic Gear With High Speed

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

A Kind Of Magnetic Gear with High Speed