20IO International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling (ICCASM 2010)

New-Style Turbocharger and Its Control System

Deliang Wang

Xianyi Qian

School of Science and Technology, XiangFan

School of Electronic Information & Electric

Vocational and Technical College

Engineering, Changzhou Institute of Technology

CZU

Xiangfan, China

Changzhou, China
hbxfqxyqxy_123@163.com
Abstract

Turbocharger of turbo-supercharged engine adds

means that a same engine can produce much more power

gas

after it has been supercharged. Such as a 1.8 T turbocharger,

produced by engine and the turbine is driven by the exhaust

although its power can fit the 2.4L engine's performance

air

input

by

compressing

air.

Usually,

the

exhaust

gas' momentum. Then the turbine drives the coaxial impeller,

and the impeller presses the air which comes from the pipe of
air filter into the air cylinder. When the engine's rotate speed
is faster, the speed of exhaust air and turbine's rotate speed are
faster, too. So the impeller presses much air into the air
cylinder. And the pressure and density of air in air cylinder are
increasing at last; this will consume too much fuel eventually.

when it has been supercharged, and its oil consumption is

almost the same as 1.8T engine. To some extent, the system
is much more economical, and the exhaust gas could be
reduced greatly.
C.

of

fuel

and

the

rotate speed

of

engine.

Because a

time

Conventional turbocharger's defects

Because the impeller's effect of inertia can't vary with

So, the engine's output power can be controlled by the quantity

the sudden acceleration, this means that the impeller doesn't

difference existed in the process of turbo charging, and the out

stop compressing much more air into engine until the engine

pressure which produced by the turbocharger always comes

get a much bigger power, and a time difference existed in

slowly. Usually, a good turbocharger needs two seconds to add

this process. Usually, a good turbocharger needs two seconds

or

reduce

the

engine's

output power at

least.

We

have

improved a kind of new-style turbocharger and its control

to add or reduce the engine's output power at least.

system in accordance with the defect. And the system has been
passed

some

turbocharger

tests.
system,

Comparing
the

with

improved

the

II.

conventional

system

has

such

advantages as low cost, high efficiency, and so on.

KeywordsTurbocharger;
Magnetoelectricity
Angular displacement sensor; Electronic control;

According

NEW-STYLE TURBOCHARGER
to

the

conventional

turbocharger's

main

defects, we have used the following improved measures on

impeller;

the basis of conventional turbocharger:

Firstly, we modified the impeller bearing into a magnetor.
The part of magnetor's rotor is connected with the impeller

I.

CONVENTIONAL TURBOCHARGER AND ITS CONTROL

SYSTEM

A.

bearing, and the magnetor's stator connects the crust. The

magnetor is controlled by displacement sensor, and the
displacement sensor is connected with the accelerator system.
When accelerated, the electrical current signal comes from

Structure and principle of conventional turbocharger

In fact, turbocharger is a kind of air compressor, and it

increases the quantity of air input by compressing air.

Usually, the exhaust gas produced by engine and the turbine
is driven by the exhaust gas' momentum. Then the turbine
drives the coaxial impeller, and the impeller presses the air

displacement sensor will bigger than usual, and the signal

controls the impeller's rotate speed. So the quantity of air
input engine air cylinder could be controlled.[2]
Secondly, when accelerates the automobile slowly, the
output electrical current signal of displacement sensor is zero,

which comes from the pipe of air filter into the air cylinder.

the turbocharger would get back the state that there isn't any

When the engine's rotate speed is faster, the speed of exhaust

turbocharger in the system. At this time, the air input of

air and turbine's rotate speed are faster, too. So the impeller

engine's air cylinder depends on exhaust air's effect of

presses much air into the air cylinder. And the pressure and

inertia. So, we have added an electronic delay circuit here

density of air in air cylinder are increasing at last; this will

when modifying the conventional turbocharger.

consume too much fuel eventually. So, the engine's output

power can be controlled by the quantity of fuel and the rotate

A.

speed of engine.[1]
B.

sketch map. The outside of dashed box is conventional

Conventional turbocharger's advantages

turbocharger, and the inside is improved part which is on the

The turbocharger's main function is increasing the air

input of engine, so the engine's power and torsion can be

basis

of

conventional

turbocharger.

turbocharger consists of these two pasts.

increased greatly. Once an engine is fixed a turbocharger, its

maximum power could be increased by 40% at least. This

978-1-4244-7237-6/$26.00 2010 IEEE

Structure of the new-style turbocharger

Fig.l shows the principle of new-style turbocharger's

VJ3-551

So

the

new-style

2010 International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling (ICCASM 2010)

After we have improved the system, when automobile

accelerated, the displacement of displacement sensor also
changed,

and

the

magnetor

gets

the

working

current

immediately, so the magnetor starts to work. With the

impeller

rotate

speed's

increasing,

impeller

starts

to

compress air into air cylinder, and then the fuel can get the
full combustion. At last, the out power of automobile is
increasing, and the automobile starts to accelerate. After
delaying three seconds, the exhaust air's effect of inertia
maintains the air input of engine's air cylinder. If the entire
period is less than three seconds, if only accelerates slowly,
then the magnetor's working electrical current will be cut off,
and the impeller will be propelled by exhaust gas.[3]
C.

New-style displacement sensor of turbocharger and its

connecting with accelerator
Fig.2 shows the structure of automobile's accelerator

Accel era tori

'--

system. When automobile accelerated, the foot plate revolves

around an axis, and the range which the foot plate can reach
is from 00 to 300, the 300 is the maximum value. So we have
chosen

Figure I.

B.

Structure of the new-style turbocharger

an

angular

displacement

sensor

to

sense

the

displacement.
The

Principle of the new-style turbocharger

angular

displacement

sensor

is

one

of

the

displacement sensors. It is a contact-type sensor, and it

the

connects with the foot plate by means of a same axis. When

engine's rotate speed, the exhaust gas, the turbine rotate

the foot plate's angle grows from small to big, then the

Before

improved,

when

automobile

accelerated,

speed and the impeller rotate speed will increase than usual,

output electrical current grows from weak to strong, and the

and the impeller compressed the air into air cylinder, so the

rotate magnetor's rotate speed grows from small to big, too.

fuel gets the full combustion and the output power gets

So, the engine's air input can be controlled rapidly. Fig.2

increased, then the automobile gets accelerated eventually.

shows the connecting between the angular displacement

But the entire process always costs three minutes, so it

sensor and the foot plate.

doesn't fit in city.

Line
The angular displacement sensor is connected
with the footplate by menas of an axis.
Figure 2.

Displacement Sensor

The connecting between the angular displacement sensor and the foot plate

The angular displacement sensor has such characteristics

as it connected with the footplate by means of the rotor, and

displacement sensor's resolution is very high, so the engine's

air input can be controlled reliably and rapidly.[4]

the sensor's comer connected with the foot plate.

Usually,

The rotor has special form and windings, and it is very

reliable. The rotor's circular movement produces the linear

sensor,

output signal. After the angular displacement sensor has been

of

accelerating.

Because

the

following

technical

parameters

should

be

angular

V1 3-552

The sensor should have large work range of rotation

and

work

temperature.

And

its

temperature stability should be excellent; it can

which are corresponding to the accelerator's maximum value.

So the angular displacement sensor's output value varies
degree

when we choose the angular displacement

displacement

its usual speed, and the maximum angle value is preset 300

the

the

considered:

fixed, the angle value is preset 00 when the automobile is on

with

Angular

adjust itself by its own signal.

The

sensor

can

word

in

such

complicated

environments as librating, impulsion, humidity .etc.

2010 International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling (ICCASM 2010)

D.

The sensor has good linearity, and its output signal is

JEC-2. The circuit is power-on as soon as accelerated, and

in the form of direct current.

the turbocharger's magnetor is power-on, too. At this time,

the CT will be charged by means of RT, and the voltage of

New-style turbocharger's delay circuit

the CT increases with exponential law. When the voltage

In order to reach the requirements of the new-style

reaches the burst level, the state of circuit will reverse, and

turbocharger's air input, we have designed a kind of delay

the second pin takes on low level, so the relay will be closed,

circuit. The delay circuit's main function is enabling the

and the delay is end. When the turbocharger's magnetor is

circuit and maintaining three or more seconds when the

power-off, the engine's air input depends on the exhaust gas.

automobile accelerated. We have used the delay circuit of

The delay time depends on CT and RT. Because the JEC-2

JEC-2 emitter-coupled trigger, and FigJ shows the delay

has high sensitivity, so we choose the RT in accordance with

circuit.

the practicality.
r-----,----,.--o+12V
III.

COMPARISON BETWEEN THE NEW-STYLE AND

CONVENTIONAL TURBOCHARGER'S PERFORMANCE

According

5
2 1-----'-__.....

1----17
8

to

the

requirements,

the

new-style

turbocharger should add air input rapidly in the first three

seconds, so the comparison mainly focused on the period of

13

time. Taken Volkswagen's 1.8TSI engine for example, Fig.4

shows

Re
510

the

comparison

between

the

conventional

turbocharger and its improved turbocharger. The automobile

doesn't stop accelerating until it reaches the half of the
Maximum. During the process, we mainly have compared
these

two

kinds

of

engines

from

three

performance

parameters: the rotation speed, the moment of torsion and the

Figure 3.

Principle of JEC-2 emitter-coupled trigger.

power of engine. And the red dotted lines in Fig.4 represent

the conventional turbocharger's performance, and the black

JEC-2 emitter-coupled trigger is called multifunctional

dotted

trigger, too. In fact, it is a kind of circuit which consists of

lines

represent

the

new-style

turbocharger's

performance.[5]

three-level phrase inverter. The delay circuit which shown in

Fig.3 is a kind of delay closing circuit which composed by
Rotation
Speed

Moment of
Torsion
Nm

rIm
7000

6000
."./

5000
4000
3000
2000
1000

t
//

;'

250

/
200
150

100

Power
KM

1
t

140

.".

120

...

100
80
60
40
20

50
I

1.5 2.0 2.5

3.0 3.5

Figure 4.

Time s

1.5 2.0 2.5

3.0 3.5

Time s

1.5 2.0 2.5

3.0 3.5

Time 5

Comparison between the new-style and conventional 1.8 TSI turbocharger.

Fig.5 shows the curve of relationship between engine's

rotation speed, moment of torsion and power. And the full

350

line represents the conventional turbocharger; the dotted line

300

is in connection with the new-style turbocharger.

14
1200
100
8
600
====140
I 2
0

250
200
150
100
50
1000

Figure 5.

Vl3-553

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000
rIm
The eniine's
rotation speed.

The relationship of the engine's rotation speed, moment of

torsion and power.

2010 International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling (ICCASM 2010)

IV.

REFERENCES

CONCLUSIONS

Comparing with the conventional turbocharger, FigA

[I]

Chen Maozhang, Theory of viscous hydrokinetics and engineering

turbulent current engineering calculation [MJ, Peking, BEIHANG
PRESS, 1986.215-217.

[2]

Liu
Henian,
Hydromechanics
[M],
Peking,
ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING PRESS,2004.

[3]

Zhang Jieqian, Zhang Guanghua, Hydromechanics [MJ, Peking,

TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1986

[4]

Casey M V. The Effects of Reynolds Number on the Efficiency of

Centrifugal Compressor Stages [1]. ASME Journal of Engineering for
Gas Turbines and Power, 1985,107 (I) : 541-548

[5]

Li Lujin, Wu Lihui,Study on Turbo-Charge Technology of Plateau

Applied Diesel Engine [1]. DESIGN & MANUFACTURE OF
DIESEL ENGINE, 2003(3)

shows us that the new-style turbocharger has the following

advantages: the engine's rotation speed, the engine's output
moment of torsion and the engine's output power are all
improved greatly. They are all much faster than before.

V1 3-554

CHINA