Toray: Improvement of RO Systems With Membrane Technology

Improvement of RO Systems with
Toray Membrane Technology

Wasfi M. Sawalha
Regional Sales Manager , KSA & Jordan
Copyright 2012 Toray Industries, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Content of Speech
1. Brief Introduction of TORAY & RO
Development
2. New Development Introduction
1) SWRO
2) BWRO
3) WWRO(Low Fouling)
4) 16 Inch Element
3. Future Prospects
4. Toray UF /MF
2
About Toray
Toray Group Business Overview

As a Japanese leading chemical company founded in 1926, Toray group has been
globally expanding variety of businesses, including Environmental Engineering.
- Founded: April, 1926, Shiga, Japan
- Operation: 21 countries (sales offices & production plants)
- Employee: 40,227 (as of March, 2012)
- Net Sales: 20.4 billion USD (Fiscal Year Ended Mar 31, 2012)
Fibers, Textiles &

Apparel 40%
IT-Related Products
(15%)
Environment Engineering
11%
Plastics &
Chemicals 25%
Carbon Fibers Composite

Materials (4%)
Life Science, Others

4%
Foundation Business
Strategically expanding businesses and

Intensively developing & expanding businesses
Torays Membrane Business Portfolio
Global Sales and Production Network of

Torays Membrane Business
Toray Membrane Europe
(Switzerland)
Toray Membrane USA
Toray Bluestar
Membrane
(China)
Toray Advanced
Material (Korea)
Toray Industries, Inc.
(Japan)
Toray Asia
(Singapore)
Riyadh
(Technical Scientific Office)
Major Sales Office

Sales Office
Agency
Production plant
Dubai
(Sales Office)
Comprehensive Global Operation

5 Major Sales Offices and 4 Production Plants
Various Type of Membrane and

Membrane Products of Toray
0.001
Size
0.1
Separation
materials
High molecular
weight polymer
Ion, Low molecule

weight organics
Trihalomethane
0.01
Colloid
Agricultural & Organic Material
10
Clay
Bacteria Coliform Cryptosporidium

Monovalent Ions
Multivalent Ions
Types
Low Pressure Membrane
RO/NF Membrane
Membrane products
Reverse Osmosis
[RO]
Nanofiltration
[NF]
Ultrapure Water,
Seawater Desalination,
Advanced Water
Treatment
Softening,
Removal of Toxic
substance
RO membrane NF membrane
Ultrafiltration
[UF]
Municipal Drinking Water,
Reuse of Wastewater,
Pretreatment for RO Process
UF membrane
(PVDF
Hollow Fiber)
MF membrane
(PVDF
Hollow Fiber)
Microfiltration
[MF]
Sewage Water
Treatment
PVDF Immersed
membrane for MBR
RO Membrane Element
Separation layer
Crosslinked aromatic
polyamide (200 nm)
200 nm
Feed Water
Surface structure of
RO membrane
RO Unit
Supporting layer
Polysulfone (45 m)
Permeate
Substrate
Polyester non-woven
Fabric (100 m)
Structure of RO membrane
Structure of RO Element
Trends for Aromatic Polyamide RO Membrane

Energy Saving (High Flux)
Seawater
Membrane
High Water Quality

(High Cl-, B Rejection)
Energy Saving (Low Pressure)
Brackish water
Wastewater
High Water Quality

(High TDS Rejection)
Low Fouling, Chemical Resistant
Higher Membrane Area
Element
16 inch
Energy Saving & Plant Downsizing
Technology based on Aromatic Polyamide membrane

9has been improved to meet market demand.
1) SWRO
Technical Trend on SWRO Desalination
Two main subjects on SWRO : Energy saving, Water quality improvement

Energy consumption
(kWh/m3)
1. Energy Saving
More improvement is required
15
12.0
10
5
Pilot test
8.1
5.0
- High flux membrane for lowpressure operation
3.7
1.6
2.1
- Energy recovery device with high

efficiency
1970 1980 1990 2000 2006 2007

year
2. Water Quality improvement

1) 10 Years Ago
- Salt rejection was most important subject.
2) Recent News
- WHO proposed provisional guideline on boron concentration in drinking water
(1998)
- WHO reported boron toxicity in drinking water (2003)
10
- Boron
regulation was revised in the new WHOs guideline (2008)
Recent Development of
SWRO Membrane Element
TM820L Series
TM820K series
- High NaCl and Boron Rejection
- Lowest energy consumption
TM820K
NaCl Rejection (%)
High Water
Quality
99.86
TM820 R
2011
TM820L
99.8
2009
99.7
2005
2010
2011
2007
Test Condition :
32,000ppmNaCl, 800psi, 8%RC, 25, pH8
99.5
25
30
35
40
45
Water Productivity (m3/day)
50
Low Energy Consumption

SWRO Performance has been dramatically progressed by key
technologies based on fundamental researches.
2. Toray Brackish Water RO

Progress of Performance
99.9
99.5
99.0
98.0
Aliphatic
Polyamide
90.0
1988
1987
95.0
Competitors
attained level
Aromatic
Polyamide
Salt Rej increased

more than 10 times.
Salt Rejection(%)
99.8 Cellulose
Molecular Design
Morphology Progress
Composite
Material Progress
Asymmetric
1996
1999
2006
Operating Pressure decreased to 1/10

5.0 3.0
Medium
2.0
1.5
Low
1.0
0.8
0.7
Ultra Low
0.5
0.35
Super Ultra Low
Operating Pressure normalized by Flux (MPa/( m3/m2/d))

Improvement of membrane materials and manufacturing technology realized the development of super
ultra low pressure membrane with high salt rejection and lower operating pressure
Worlds most advanced Membrane for Energy saving
2) BWRO
Introduction of TM700D Series. Now Available
- Lineups & Characteristics
Element Model
Salt rejection
(%)
Product flow rate

gpd (m3/d)
Membrane area
Ft2(m2)
Feed spacer thickness

(mil)
TM710D
99.8
2,600(9.8)
87(8)
31
TM720DA400
99.8
11,000 (41.6)
400 (37)
31
TM720D-400
99.8
11,000 (41.6)
400 (37)
34
TM720DA400
99.8
12,100(45.8)
440(41)
28
Highest NaCl Rejection in the Market

Highest Product Flow Rate in the Market
- Endurance
Operating
limits
Feed water chlorine concentration
0.1mg/L
Feed water pH range, continuous

operation
Feed water pH range, chemical
cleaning ( 30min. )
13
Tolerant to pH13 Cleaning

Advanced tolerance against residual Chlorine
2-11
1-13
3.Less Fouling RO Membrane
Bad
(High attachment)
Attachment B/F ratio)
Bacterial B/FRatio
0.14
Good
(Less attachment)
Surface
(Orange County water district: Dr.Ridgway)
0.12
Mycobacteria
(hydrophobic
cell surface)
(M ycobacteri
a)
0.10
RO
Cross
section
Flavobacteria
(hydrophilic
cell surface)
Flavobacteri
a
0.08
Surface
0.06
Cross
section
0.04
Less Fouling RO
0.02
0.00
RO
Less-fouling RO
Standard level
(Cellulose Acetate Membrane)
Fouling : Deterioration of membrane performance caused by stains
Less Fouling RO Membrane has extremely less bacteria attachment

and prevents bio-fouling
3) WWRO (Low Fouling)

Introduction of TML20D Series. Now Available
- Lineups & Characteristics
Element Model
Salt rejection
(%)
Product flow rate

gpd (m3/d)
Membrane area
Ft2(m2)
Feed spacer thickness

(mil)
TML20D-370
99.8
9,700(37)
370(34)
34
TML20DA400
99.8
10,500(49)
400(37)
31
TML20D-400
99.8
10,500(49)
400(37)
34
- Endurance and stable performance

Operating
limits
Feed water chlorine concentration

Feed water pH range, continuous
operation
Feed water pH range, chemical
cleaning ( 30min. )
0.1mg/L
2-11
1-13
Proven to be superior among competitor models at actual sites & Pilots.

Please contact TORAY Riyadh Office for details.
15
4) 16 Inch RO
Now Available for SWRO, BWRO, WWRO
Toray's Autowinding Technology

- Stable element quality
- Large membrane area (1760ft2)
Advantages of 16 inch RO element
- Smaller food print (-15% cut)
- Lower Capex & Opex (15-20% cut)
16-inch element (left) and
conventional 8-inch element
Toray can offer variety of 16 inch elements with largest

membrane surface area in the market.
16
Large SWRO Plants using

Torays RO Membrane Element
No.
Country
Location
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Algeria
Singapore
Bahrain
Algeria
Saudi Arabia
Trinidad & Tobago
Singapore
UAE
Kuwait
Israel
China
Magtaa
Tuas 2
Al Dur
Hamma
Shuaibah
Point Lisas
Tuas
Fujairah 2
Shuwaikh
Palmachim
Qindao
Capacity
m3/d
500,000
318,500
218,000
200,000
150,000
136,000
136,000
136,000
136,000
124,270
100,000
Operation
Year
2013
2013
2011
2008
2009
2002
2005
2010
2012
2007
2012
Torays Cumulative Awarded Capacity for Seawater Desalination
6,000,000 m3/day
Major RO Plants using

RO for
Seawater
Desalination
<Trinidad >
136 k m3/d
<Algeria>
200 k m3/d
<Algeria>
500 k m3/d
<KSA>
150 k m3/d
<Bahrain>
218 k m3/d
<UAE>
136 k m3/d
<Kuwait>
136 k m3/d
<Singapore >
136 k m3/d
<Singapore >
318 k m3/d
<Israel>
124 k m3/d
RO for
Wastewater
Reclamation
RO for Brackish Water

Desalination
<Singapore >
228 k m3/d
<China >
78 k m3/d
<Korea >
126 k m3/d
<Kuwait>
320 k m3/d
<KSA >
120 k m3/d
<Iran >
100 k m3/d
Total Shipment of RO26 million m3/d (equivalent to daily life water of 100 million people)
Contract Basis: Seawater Desalination 6.0 mil m3/d equivalent to daily life water of 24 million people
Wastewater Reclamation 1.7 mil m3/dSupplied to Worlds 1st and 2nd largest Plant, Top share
Brackish Water Desalination 11.6 mil m3/d (Largest application, main market is USA China
Waste Water Reclamation Plants using

Industrial water
Agricultural water
Indirect drinking
water
Wastewater
Secondary effluent
(was discharged)
Sterilization
UF/MF membrane
RO (reverse osmosis) membrane
No.
Country
Location
Capacity
m3/d
Operation
Year
Kuwait
Sulaibiya
320,000
2005
Singapore
Changi
228,000
2009
China
Ningxia
78,000
2008
Australia
Luggage Point
66,000
2008
Australia
Western Sydney
57,000
2010
Torays Cumulative Awarded Capacity for Wastewater Reclamation
1,700,000 m3/day (Top Share in the World)

Advantages of MBR Technology

Conventional Activated Sludge Method (ASM)
Wastewater
Effluent
Aeration Tank
Sedimentation Tank
MBR (Membrane Bioreactor) Process (+RO)
IMS (Integrated Membrane System)
Wastewater
Effluent
RO
Membrane
Module
Reuse
Membrane Bioreactor
Feature of MBR
Maintenance
High
concentration
Sludge
Energy
Consumption
Small
Footprint
not good
not good
poor
excellent
poor
excellent
good
good
good
excellent
Process
Effluent
Quality
ASM
MBR
Torays MBR Module

MembranePVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride)
MF Membrane (flat sheet type)
Pore Size 0.08 m
Features Removes SS (Suspended solid), and
rejects microorganisms efficiently.
Application: Waste water treatment,
Sewage Reclamation
Pre-treatment for RO
Permeate
Manifold
Frame
Air Diffuser
1,608mm
PVDF
Fiber
Membrane Surface
515mm
Element TSP-50150
(1.4 m2)
Module TMR140-100S
(100EL, 140m2)
Number of pores (1012/m2)
Torays Design Concept of

PVDF Membrane for MBR Application
3.0 micron
FE-SEM photographs of
Flat sheet membrane surface
1.5
Toray PVDF
1
BF014
Others
0.5
0 0
0.2
0.4
0.8
Pore diameter (micron)
Pore diameter distribution of surface

(Estimated from SEM photos)
Membrane Data
Average pore size
0.08 micron
Surface roughness
0.062 micron
Pure water flux
1.44 m3/m2/hr
0.6
Installation of Torays MBR Module
Scotland, UK
(Municipal, 1,975 m3/d)
Wales, UK
(Municipal, 950 m3/d)
Country
China
UAE
UAE
KSA
Spain (Orange Juice,

1,000 m3/d)
Application
LCD WW
Sewage
Sewage
Sewage
India
(Textile, 11,200 m3/d)
Capacity (m3/d)
6,500
38,000
45,000
30,000
Netherlands
(Municipal, 2,400 m3/d)
Cumulative Capacity :
514,000 m3/d
(as of Dec. 2011)
PVDF Hollow Fiber MF/UF Membrane
Meet with Requirements for MF or UF membrane

Integrity against passage of bacteria.
Supply high water quality with low cost (low fouling)
NIPS
Low fouling layer
TIPS
Support layer
(high flux &
high Strength)
New-TIPS
0
500 1,000 1,500
Strength (g/fiber)
Flow Direction
Composite membrane
- Physical properties and permeability are influenced with spinning method.

- New-TIPS and Composite membrane realize innovative low fouling hollow
fiber membranes with high strength.
NIPS : Non-solvent Induced Phase Separation.
TIPS : Thermally Induced Phase Separation.
Torays Supply of PVDF Hollow Fiber UF/MF

Europe :
Germany,
Switzerland,
Italy, France
Total: 6,500 m3/d
Pretreatment of RO
(Boiler) in USA
HFS 3,300m3/d
2004/2 start
HFS 3,200m3/d
2004/6 start
HFS 8,640m3/d
Drinking water
in Indonesia
2007/12 start
HFS 30,000m3/d
Drinking water
2009/7 start
HFM 88,000m3/d
Drinking water
2007/3 start
Recently Awarded Large Projects
Country
Application
Saudi Arabia Pretreatment of RO

Japan
Drinking water
China
Waste water reuse
Capacity
(m3/d)
25,000
19,000
16,320
Largest plant in Korea Largest plant in Japan
Accumulated plants capacity

640,000 m3/d (Dec. 2011)
Torays Supply of
Integrated Membrane System (IMS)
As of March, 2012
=UF/MF+ROTorayToray
=UF/MF+ROTorayOthers
=MBR+ROTorayToray
=MBR+ROTorayOthers
=UF/MF+UF/MFTorayToray
Toray has supplied membranes for 78 IMS plants in the world, and its total
capacity exceeds 2,480,000m3/d. 35 plants out of 78 IMS plants adopted
Torays membranes for all membrane process in the IMS plant..

Toray: Improvement of RO Systems With Membrane Technology

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Toray: Improvement of RO Systems With Membrane Technology

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Improvement of RO Systems with

Toray Membrane Technology

Copyright 2012 Toray Industries, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Toray Group Business Overview

Fibers, Textiles &

Carbon Fibers Composite

Life Science, Others

Copyright 2012 Toray Industries, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Strategically expanding businesses and

Torays Membrane Business Portfolio

Copyright 2012 Toray Industries, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Global Sales and Production Network of

Major Sales Office

Comprehensive Global Operation

Various Type of Membrane and

Ion, Low molecule

Agricultural & Organic Material

Bacteria Coliform Cryptosporidium

Low Pressure Membrane

Trends for Aromatic Polyamide RO Membrane

High Water Quality

High Water Quality

Technology based on Aromatic Polyamide membrane

Two main subjects on SWRO : Energy saving, Water quality improvement

- High flux membrane for lowpressure operation

- Energy recovery device with high

1970 1980 1990 2000 2006 2007

2. Water Quality improvement

- Lowest energy consumption

32,000ppmNaCl, 800psi, 8%RC, 25, pH8

Low Energy Consumption

2. Toray Brackish Water RO

Salt Rej increased

Operating Pressure decreased to 1/10

Super Ultra Low

Operating Pressure normalized by Flux (MPa/( m3/m2/d))

Worlds most advanced Membrane for Energy saving

Copyright 2012 Toray Industries, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Product flow rate

Feed spacer thickness

Highest NaCl Rejection in the Market

Feed water chlorine concentration

Feed water pH range, continuous

Tolerant to pH13 Cleaning

Copyright 2012 Toray Industries, Inc. All Rights Reserved

3.Less Fouling RO Membrane

(Orange County water district: Dr.Ridgway)

Fouling : Deterioration of membrane performance caused by stains

Less Fouling RO Membrane has extremely less bacteria attachment

3) WWRO (Low Fouling)

Product flow rate

Feed spacer thickness

- Endurance and stable performance

Feed water chlorine concentration

Proven to be superior among competitor models at actual sites & Pilots.

Toray's Autowinding Technology

Toray can offer variety of 16 inch elements with largest

Large SWRO Plants using

Torays Cumulative Awarded Capacity for Seawater Desalination

Major RO Plants using

RO for Brackish Water

Waste Water Reclamation Plants using

RO (reverse osmosis) membrane