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On the evening of 13 November 2015, a series of coordinated terrorist attacksconsisting of mass shootings, suicide bombings and hostage-takingoccurred in
Paris, France, and Saint-Denis, its northern suburb. Beginning at 21:16 CET,[13] six mass shootings and three
separate suicide bombings near the Stade de France
occurred.[13][14] The deadliest attack was at the Bataclan
theatre, where attackers took hostages and engaged in a
stand-o with police which ended at 00:58 on 14 November.
security in anticipation of the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference, scheduled to be held in Paris
from 30 November to 11 December 2015, and had restored border checks the week before the attacks.[7] The
Charlie Hebdo shooting in January 2015 occurred in the
11th arrondissement (district) of the city, where the Bataclan theatre is situated.[30] France witnessed several other
smaller attacks throughout 2015, including the stabbing
of three soldiers in Nice who were guarding a Jewish
community centre in February;[31] an attempt to blow up
in June, resulting in
At least 129 people were killed, 89 of them at the Bat- a factory in Saint-Quentin-Fallavier
[32]
the
murder
of
an
employee;
and
a
shooting and stab[2][3][15][16]
aclan theatre.
A further 352 people were in[33]
bing
spree
on
a
train
in
August.
[3]
jured by the attacks, including 99 people described as
being in a serious condition.[4] In addition to the civil- Two Jewish brothers, Pascal and Joel Laloux, owned the
ian casualties, eight attackers were killed and authorities Bataclan theatre for more than forty years until they sold
continued to search for any accomplices that remained the theatre in September 2015. Previous owners reported
at large.[3][4][17] Prior to the attack, France had been on that the venue had been threatened several times by antihigh alert since the January 2015 attacks in Paris that Israel and anti-Zionists for its public support of Israel.
killed 17 people, including civilians and police ocers.[7] In 2011, a group called Army of Islam threatened the
At 23:58, French President Franois Hollande announced venue because of Jewish ownership.[34][35][36]
a state of emergency, the rst since the 2005 riots,[18] ISIL and their branches have claimed responsibility for
and placed temporary controls on the countrys borders.[2]
numerous deadly attacks within the weeks leading up to
The rst citywide curfew in Paris since 1944 was also put the attacks. On 12 November 2015, twin suicide bombin place.[19]
ings took place in Beirut, Lebanon, killing 43 people.
On 14 November, the Islamic State of Iraq and the On 31 October 2015, Metrojet Flight 9268, carrying
Levant (ISIL or ISIS) claimed responsibility for the mostly Russian passengers crashed in the Sinai in Egypt,
attacks.[6][20][21] ISILs motive may have been retaliation killing 224 people. ISILs Sinai branch claimed responsifor French involvement in the Syrian Civil War and Iraqi bility. Also, on the day of the attacks, ISILs lead exCivil War.[11][22] Hollande said the attacks were organised ecutioner Jihadi John was reportedly killed by a U.S.
from abroad by Daesh, a pejorative Arabic acronym for drone strike[37] and ISIL lost control of Sinjar to Kurdish
ISIL,[23] with internal help,[24] and described them as forces.[38]
an act of war.[25] The attacks were the deadliest to occur in France since the Second World War,[26][27] and the
deadliest in the European Union since the Madrid train 2 Attacks
bombings in 2004.[18]
Timeline of attacks
Background
13 November:
21:16 First suicide bombing near the Stade de
France.[39]
21:45 Four men enter the Bataclan theatre and begin shooting.[39]
1
2 ATTACKS
21:50 Shooting at the rue de Charonne.[39]
21:53 Third suicide bombing at the Stade de
France.[39]
22:00 Hostages are taken at the Bataclan.[39]
14 November:
00:58 French police end the siege on the Bataclan,
where 60100 people were held hostage.[39]
All times are CET (UTC+1).
2.1
2.5
Boulevard Voltaire
3 Perpetrators
President Franois Hollande stated on 14 November that
the attacks were organised from abroad by Islamic State
with internal help.[24] Syrian and Egyptian passports were
reportedly found near the bodies of two of the perpetrators at two attack sites.[73]
The Bataclan theatre in 2009
5 AFTERMATH
acts.[79] One of the other attackers was a French extremist born on 21 November 1985, from the suburb of
Courcouronnes, about 20 miles (32 km) south of Paris.
He had had a criminal record since 2004 and was agged
as an Islamic extremist in 2010, but had never spent time
in jail.[9][78] French news media identied this attacker
as Ismal Omar Mostefai.[80][81] A second gunman was
found with a passport of a Syrian man who had been
born in 1980. The man on the passport had not previously been known to French police.[78] At least one man
linked with the attacks had entered the EU via Greece as
Syrian refugees in October.[82]
3.1
Casualties
There were at least 19 foreign citizens among the victims. Swedens Foreign Ministry reported that at least
one Swedish national was killed and another injured.[3]
According to Didier Reynders, the Belgian foreign affairs Minister, two Belgians from Lige and one FrancoBelgian were killed.[93] The Spanish Deputy Prime Minister, Soraya Senz de Santamara, reported that French
authorities conrmed the identication of a Spanish na- 5.1.2 Intelligence review
tional among the victims of the assault on the Bataclan
theatre.[94] Portuguese authorities conrmed that at least Shortly after the attacks, intelligence sta in multione Portuguese citizen was killed.[95]
ple countries began to review electronic surveillance
5.2
5
people arriving from France.[2]
Flights to and from Charles de Gaulle Airport and Orly
Airport were mostly unaected.[14] American Airlines
delayed ights to Paris until further notice.[118] Many
Paris Mtro stations in the 10th and 11th arrondissements
were shut down because of the attacks.[51][119] Uber also
suspended car hails in Paris after the attacks.[120]
One source said that the French National Police met with
German police and intelligence services a month prior to
All public schools and universities in Paris were set
the attack to discuss suspicions that terrorists were conto remain closed the next day.[121] Sports events in
ducting surveillance of possible French targets. However,
France for the weekend of 1415 November were
the exact targets were not known at that time.[110]
postponed/cancelled.[122][123] Disneyland Paris closed its
Suspicions emerged that at least some of the weapons parks for the rst time, in solidarity with those who died
used by the attackers may have been stolen from a French in the attacks; it had operated every day since opening in
military armory in July.[110][111]
1992.[124] The Eiel Tower, a Paris landmark visited by
[3]
Police in Germany stopped a car on 5 November that 20,000 people a day, was closed indenitely. Accordwas carrying weapons. The head of the German police ing to The New York Times, as of 14 November 2015,
union said that It seems it was found that he originally The capital is under a heavy police presence, and checks
wanted to go to Paris, heavily armed with several dier- at Frances borders have been reinstated. Air travel conent rearms and explosives, and That the French au- tinues but with signicant security-related delays. Public
thorities were informed about this is totally clear. From protestsa constitutional right in Franceare prohibwhat we know the man is in custody and isn't saying any- ited in Paris and some of the surrounding departments unthing, so with that information alone the French author- til Thursday. Many events ([14 November]'s U2 concert
ities seem to have been unable to do much. At least the in Paris, as well as large photography exhibit) are canattack couldn't be prevented, despite all the eorts that celed. Schools with classes or activities, cultural places
Diswere surely made. The Minister-President of Bavaria and other venues (the Eiel Tower, movie theaters,
[125]
neyland
Paris,
department
stores)
are
closed.
said, In the course of spot checks we had an arrest where
there are reasonable grounds to assume that there may be New York and other cities in the United States took
a link to the matter.[112]
security precautions, particularly at sites where large
crowds were expected, as well as sports events, concerts, the French embassy, and other French government
5.1.3 Security changes
sites.[126][127] Singapore also raised its national security
alert level, stepping up security precautions as well as borIn response to the attacks, France was put under a state der checks across the city-state.[128]
of emergency for the rst time since 2005,[18] borders
were temporarily closed, and 1,500 soldiers were called in
to help the police maintain order in Paris.[7][51][113] The 5.2 Social media and popular reactions
plan blanc (le de France) and plan rouge (global), two
contingency plans for times of emergency, were immedi- Facebook reintroduced its safety check-in system so users
ately activated.[114][115][116] According to some English- in Paris could notify friends and family that they were
language sources, Paris declared its rst curfew in 70 safe. Facebook also encouraged users to customise their
years.[117] In addition, Belgium tightened security along prole pictures to 'support France and the people of
its border with France and increased security checks for Paris.[130]
5 AFTERMATH
7
a two-minute silence was held with ags at half-mast
while reworks were cancelled.[168] Two separate vigils
were held in Trafalgar Square,[169] with other vigils being held around the UK, including Liverpool, Leeds and
Glasgow.[170][171][172]
At the City Hall of Athens, the ags of France, Greece
and European Union were at half-mast to mourn for the
victims. Also, the Christmas decorations of the city have
been left unlit.[161]
7 References
[1] Paris attacks: More than 100 killed in gunre and blasts,
French media say. CNN. 14 November 2015. Retrieved
14 November 2015.
[2] Rawlinson, Kevin (13 November 2015). Fatal shootings
and explosion reported in Paris live. The Guardian.
Archived from the original on 14 November 2015. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
[3] Paris attacks updates. BBC News.
5.3
5.4
International reactions
The November 2015 Paris attacks prompted a reevaluaNovember 2015). Paris attacks: Syrian who passed
through Greece on refugee route one of Isis killers
tion of European ocials, particularly German ocials,
live. The Guardian. Retrieved 14 November 2015. The
stance on the EUs policy toward migrants, especially in
French newspaper Libration reports that one of the terlight of the ongoing European migrant crisis.[174] There
rorists who carried out the Bataclan shooting has been
appeared to be a consensus among ocials, with the noconrmed as a French extremist who was known to potable exception of German Chancellor Angela Merkel,
lice.
that a higher level of scrutiny was needed in vetting migrants with respect to their motives for entering Germany [10] Paris attacks: Bloody atrocity signals shift in Isis stratand Europe overall.[174]
egy. Financial Times. 14 November 2015. Retrieved 14
November 2015.
Poland's European aairs minister designate Konrad Szymaski declared that in the wake of the attacks he sees [11] Elgot, Jessica; Phipps, Claire; Bucks, Jonathan (14
no possibility of enacting the recent EU refugee relocaNovember 2015). Paris attacks: Islamic State says
tion scheme,[175] saying, We'll accept [refugees only] if
killings were response to Syria strikes. The Guardian.
Retrieved 14 November 2015. The group says the killings
we have security guarantees.[176] The Czech Republic's
were in response to airstrikes against its militants in Syria,
deputy prime minister said, it will be necessary to close
adding France would remain a key target.
the Schengen border.[177]
[12] This Is Because of all the Harm Done by Hollande to
Muslims, nytimes.com.
See also
List of terrorist incidents in France
List of terrorist incidents, 2015
Terrorism in the European Union
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10
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13
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External links
Statement by President Franois Hollande at the
Ministry of Foreign Aairs
Summary and live updates at France 24
Summary and live updates at The New York Times
Summary at BBC News
Summary at CNN
14
9.1
Text
November 2015 Paris attacks Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_2015_Paris_attacks?oldid=690709949 Contributors: AxelBoldt, The Anome, Rmhermen, Tgeorgescu, William M. Connolley, Evercat, Boson, Fuzheado, WhisperToMe, Pigsonthewing, Kizor, Jmabel, Nurg, Xanzzibar, Thincat, Haruo, Rich Farmbrough, Amot, Rama, Zarateman, Nsaa, Hektor, Jun-Dai, B1mbo, DarTar,
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