Summary

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We discussed in this chapter types of cams and followers. We

have also analyzed the motion of followers. A cam may be
defined as a rotating machine part designed to impart reciprocating and oscillating motion to another machine part, called a
follower. A cam & follower have, usually, a line contact between
them and as such they constitute a higher pair. The contact
between them is maintained by an external force, which is
generally provided by a spring or sometimes by the weight of
the follower itself, when it is sufficient.
We also determined the displacement, velocity & acceleration of
follower. Cams with specified contours have also been noticed
in this chapter.

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3. Draw displacement, velocity and acceleration diagram,
explaining each for S.H.M and uniform acceleration.
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Theory Exercises / Questions

1. Define a cam and discuss the particular field in which it is
used.
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4. Write a short notes on any five of the following:
a.

The base circle

b.

The pitch circle

c.

The prime circle

d.
e.

Cam lift
The angle of ascent

f.

The angle of dwell

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g.
The pressure angle
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2. Differentiate between radial and offset followers.

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73

THEORY OF MACHINES-II

LESSON 34:
SUMMARY & EXERCISES/QUESTIONS

THEORY OF MACHINES-II

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1. A cam operating a knife edged follower has the following

data:

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5. For opening and closing of the automobile valves as quickly
as possible what should be the characteristics of the cam.
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6. Derive the expressions for displacement, velocity and
acceleration for a circular arc cam operating a flat-faced
follower
i.

When the contact is on the circular flank and

ii
When the contact is on circular nose.
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74

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Numerical Problems

a.
b.

Follower moves outwards through 40mm during 60

of cam rotation.
Follower dwells for the next 45.

c.

Follower returns to its original position during next

90

d.

Follower dwells for the rest of the rotation.

The displacement of the follower is to take place with simple

harmonic motion during both the outward and return
strokes. The least radius of the cam is 50mm.draw the
profile of the cam when
1.

The axis of the follower passes through the cam axis.

2.

The axis of follower is offset 20mm towards right

from the cam axis. If the cam rotates at 300 r.p.m
determine maximum velocity and acceleration of the
follower during the outward stroke and the return
stroke.

2. Draw cam profile of a cam to be used for opening and

closing the exhaust valve of a diesel engine, with uniform
acceleration and retardation when lift of the valve is
37.5mm.the valve is to reopen and close separately during
rotation of the cam and remains for follower for 30% cam
rotation .the least radius of the cam is 50mm .the follower is
provided with a follower is provided with a roller of 50mm
dia and its line of stroke passes through the axis of the cam.
If the cam rotates with a uniform speed of 300 r.p.m what
will be the maximum velocity, and uniform acceleration of
the follower.
3. Draw a cam profile to suit the following specifications:
least radius of the cam = 50 mm
angle of ascent

= 90

angle of dwell

= 20

angle of descent

= 120

radius of the roller

= 25 mm

follower lift
= 40 mm
the follower has S.H.M both during outstroke and instroke
and its line of motion passing through the cam center.
When the cam rotates at 600 rpm, what will be maximum
velocity and maximum acceleration of the follower during
the ascent and descent?
4. A cam profile consists of two circular arcs of radii 24mm and
12mm joined by straight lines giving the follower a lift of
12mm .the follower is a roller of 24mm radius and its line
of action is a straight line passing through the camshaft axis.
When the camshaft has a uniform speed of 500 rev/min,
find the maximum velocity and acceleration of the follower
while in contact with the straight flank of the cam.

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7.352