Syngo MR

syngo MR Operator Manual
Magnetic Resonance
Operator Manual
Version syngo MR 2006T
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medical
Manufacturers note:
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Products, that are bearing a CE mark fulfill the provisions of the

Council Directive 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices.
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The CE mark applies exclusively to medical equipment and
products that are released under the relevant EU guidelines
mentioned above.
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2005 Siemens AG
All rights reserved
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Siemens AG
Wittelsbacherplatz 2
80333 Mnchen
Germany
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Contact Information:
Siemens AG, Medical Solutions
Magnetic Resonance
Henkestrae 127
91052 Erlangen
Germany
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Telephone: +49 9131 84-0

www.SiemensMedical.com
DokuMR@med.siemens.de
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Print No. MR-05000.621.04.01.24

Printed in Germany
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AG 09.05
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syngo MR
syngo MR 2006T
Summary of contents
Basics
Security Package
Managing and Adjusting the

System
Patient Browser
Patient Registration
Examination
Viewing
3D Evaluation
Storing and Data Exchange
Neuro 3D
Postprocessing Images
iii
Summary of contents
syngo MR
Vessel View
Composing
Filming
References
Index
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Operator Manual
syngo MR
Table of contents
A Basics
A.1
General Information
A.2
Basics for Beginners
A.3
Configuring the User Interface
A.4
Service Functions
B Security Package
B.1
Introduction
B.2
Information for Administrators
B.3
Information for Users
B.4
Information for Service Technicians
C Managing and Adjusting the System

C.1
System Manager
C.2
Adjusting the System
D Patient Browser
D.1
Introduction
D.2
Searching for and Displaying Patient Data
D.3
Transferring Data to other Applications
D.4
Correcting Data
D.5
Storing, Sending and Filming Data
D.6
Maintaining your Data
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syngo MR
D.7
Configuring the Patient Browser
D.8
Reporting
E Patient Registration
E.1
Introduction
E.2
Registering a New Patient
E.3
Registering a Known Patient
E.4
Configuring Patient Registration
F Examination
F.1
Introduction to the MR Examination
F.2
Loading the Scan Program
F.3
Measuring, Editing, and Managing Ref. Images
F.4
Positioning Slices
F.5
Adjusting Measurement Parameters
F.6
Performing a routine examination
F.7
Using a contrast agent
F.8
Positioning the Patient Table
F.9
Working with instruction areas
F.10
Inline Display
F.11
Patient instructions
F.12
Protocol and Pause Properties
F.13
Printing protocols
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F.14
SAR and Stimulation Monitoring
F.15
Physiologically Controlled Scans
F.16
Organizing Scan Programs
F.17
Maestro Layout and Movie Display (Option)
F.18
Breast Biopsy
F.19
Automatic position correction
F.20
Quality measurement
G Viewing
G.1
Introduction
G.2
Loading and Displaying Images
G.3
Scrolling and Selecting Images
G.4
Processing Images
G.5
2D Evaluation
G.6
Position display
G.7
Saving and Documenting Images
G.8
Configuring the Viewing Task Card
H 3D Evaluation
H.1
Introduction
H.2
Transferring Images to 3D
H.3
Working in 3D
H.4
Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR)
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H.5
Maximum and Minimum Intensity Projection
H.6
Reconstructing Surfaces (SSD)
H.7
Volume Rendering Technique (VRT)
H.8
Selecting and Processing Images
H.9
3D Editor
H.10 Fusion
H.11 Fly Through
H.12 Saving 3D Series and Images
H.13 Filming, Evaluating and Sending 3D Images
H.14 3D Configuration
J Storing and Data Exchange

J.1
Introduction
J.2
Storing Data on an External Medium
J.3
Sending Data via the Network
J.4
Exchanging Data via the Hard Disk
J.5
Automatic Storing and Sending
J.6
Checking Data Transfer
J.7
Configuring Data Transfer
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Table of contents
K Neuro 3D
K.1
Introduction
K.2
Loading images
K.3
Changing the anatomical display
K.4
Displaying functional information
K.5
Neuro 3D Evaluation
K.6
Saving and filming images
L Postprocessing Images
L.1
Dynamic Analysis
L.2
Evaluating Images with Mean Curve
L.3
Image filtration and distortion correction
L.4
Viewing and Evaluating BOLD Images
L.5
Evaluating Perfusion-Weighted Images
L.6
Soft Tissue Evaluation MR
M Vessel View
M.1
Introduction
M.2
Loading and displaying images
M.3
Defining Vessels
M.4
Evaluating vessels
M.5
Saving and documenting evaluations
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Table of contents
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N Composing
N.1
Introduction
N.2
Image selection and reconstruction
N.3
Viewing images
N.4
Evaluations
N.5
Saving and documenting images
O Filming
O.1
Introduction
O.2
Semi-automatic/Manual Filming
O.3
Viewing and Processing Film Sheets and Images
O.4
Changing Film Settings for a Film Job
O.5
Checking Film Jobs
O.6
Configuring Filming
P References
P.1
Scan Parameters
P.2
Text Annotations in Medical Images
Index
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Operator Manual
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Special Information
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This manual is part of the multi-volume operating instructions

for the magnetic resonance tomograph of the MAGNETOM
family.
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N OT E
The magnetic resonance tomographs of the Magnetom
family are not devices with measuring functions.
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Measured values obtained are for information only and
cannot be used as the sole basis for diagnosis.
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Revision Info
syngo MR
Changes to previous version
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In comparison to the previous version new coils are used for the
MAGNETOMS Symphony and Trio. The corresponding coil
abbreviations are listed in Chapter Text Annotations in Medical
Images.
Page P.28
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Revision Info
New coordinate system
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The syngo MR software and its predecessor Numaris (including Numaris 3.5) use different patient coordinate systems. 0.0
It is important to remember this when diagnosing MR images
acquired in Numaris under syngo MR .
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If you have any questions about converting the different coordinate systems, please contact your applications specialist.
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Revision Info
syngo MR
Coordinate system for Numaris 3 and

Numaris 3.5 (+FAL)
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The slice positions are positive in the Feet, Anterior, and Left
directions as seen from the magnet isocenter.
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MR images based on this patient-oriented coordinate system

are only converted when exporting them into a DICOM format.0.0
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Revision Info
Coordinate system for syngo MR (DICOM

standard, +LPH)
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The slice positions are positive in the Left, Posterior, and Head
directions as seen from the magnet isocenter.
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Revision Info
syngo MR
The following overview shows how the direction of the slice

position changes as it moves from minus to plus.
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Direction of slice position

Numaris 3 and Numaris 3.5
+FAL
syngo MR
+LPH
If the slice position ascends, the slices move toward the positive
coordinates:
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Numaris 3 and
Numaris 3.5
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syngo MR
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The transverse slice moves in the (F) direction of the feet.

The coronal slice moves in the anterior (A) direction.
The sagittal slice moves in the left (L) direction.
The transverse slice moves in the (H) direction of the head.
The coronal slice moves in the posterior (P) direction.
The sagittal slice moves in the left (L) direction.
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Beginning with software version MRease VA12A, the
image text changes for the slice position. Instead of the sign
"+" or "-", directional abbreviations such as L, P or H, or R,
A or F are shown.
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Operator Manual
PART
Basics
A.0
A.1 General Information

Safety-related information .............................................. A.14
Warning messages .................................................... A.15
Software installation and network .............................. A.16
Virus protection .......................................................... A.17
A.2 Basics for Beginners

The application program ................................................ A.22
Mouse and keyboard ..................................................... A.23
The mouse ................................................................. A.23
The mouse pointer ..................................................... A.24
Using the mouse ........................................................ A.25
The keyboard ............................................................. A.27
Using the keyboard .................................................... A.28
Entering commands and data ...................................... A.216
Selecting objects ..................................................... A.216
Moving or copying objects ....................................... A.218
Changing the image display .................................... A.221
Entering text ............................................................ A.222
Windows ...................................................................... A.223
Layout of windows ................................................... A.223
Resizing and moving a window ............................... A.225
Switching between windows .................................... A.229
Dialog boxes ............................................................ A.230
Operating elements in boxes and on tab cards ....... A.232
Using tab cards ............................................................ A.236
Task cards ............................................................... A.237
Subtask cards .......................................................... A.240
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Contents
Basics
Using menus ................................................................ A.241

Application-specific menus....................................... A.241
Dropdown menus of the menu bar ........................... A.243
Popup menus ........................................................... A.246
Status bar ..................................................................... A.247
Resource check ............................................................ A.248
Text information in medical images .............................. A.250
A.3 Configuring the User Interface

Calling up configuration windows ................................... A.32
Defining the regional settings ......................................... A.35
Configuring image text ................................................... A.37
Exiting a configuration window ..................................... A.312
A.4 Service Functions

Displaying the maintenance status ................................. A.42
Local service .................................................................. A.44
Remote service access .................................................. A.45
Logbook .......................................................................... A.47
Configuring the MR system ............................................ A.48
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
A.1
General Information
A.1
This chapter contains general information about syngo MR.
A.1
A.1
Operating system
A.1
The program syngo MR uses the operating system Windows

XP.
A.1
syngo MR is a registered trademark of Siemens AG.
A.1
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Impermissible or faulty manipulations or
changes of the hardware or software can cause the system
to malfunction.
A.1
Consequence: This can cause injury and/or damage to the
equipment.
A.1
Remedy: You are therefore not permitted to open or remove
the cladding of the equipment, to install third-party software
or to connect the system to a network.
A.1
Depending on the operating system there may be slight variations in the color display of dialog boxes and windows.
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A.11
General Information
Security in syngo MR
Basics
A.1
Security in syngo MR" provides the whole functionality necessary for the protection of patient data.
A.1
Privileges allow an user to execute syngo MR functions, such
as sending data over network or invoking the patient registration.
Log on
A.1
After you have switched on the computer and before you start
working you must log on as a user.
Page B.35, Logging on and off
A.1
A.1
NOTE
When a user logs off, unsaved data are lost
irretrievably.
A.1
Always check whether data still needs to be saved and save

any data you want to keep before you log off.
A.1
Program start
A.1
After log on the applications start automatically.
A.1
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Operator Manual
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Rebooting of main and

satellite consoles
General Information
A.1
During startup of your system the main console and the satellite
consoles are also automatically started up. If you reboot the
main console manually, make sure to reboot the satellite consoles as well.
A.1
System administration
A.1
You find more information on security and system administration in Part B, Security Package.
A.1
Audit trail
A.1
In a secure system, all actions on data are logged.

Page B.271, Audit trail and log files
A.1
Names and designations

used
A.1
All names and data of patients and institutions that are used in
this operator manual are entirely fictional.
A.1
Any resemblance to names of existing people or organizations
past or present is entirely coincidental.
A.1
Configuration-dependent designations, such as names of

drives, network nodes, and databases, that are used in this
operator manual are usually not the same as the designations
to be found on a particular installation of the system in a particular hospital.
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A.13
General Information
Basics
Safety-related information
A.1
Safety instructions and other important information for cases

such instructions are part of general text are indicated as follows in this manual:
A.1
A.1
WA R N I N G
Indicates potential dangers that could cause injury or death
in extreme cases.
A.1
The syngo MR system was designed and built so that it cannot cause death if used properly.
A.1
C AU T I O N
Indicates potential (direct) dangers that could cause minor
injury or damage to the system.
A.1
A.1
N OT E
Notes regarding optimum use of the system and other
useful information.
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Operator Manual
Basics
General Information
Warning messages
A.1
The systems informs you about problems that have occurred by

displaying message dialog boxes. There are three categories of
messages:
A.1
General Danger Warnings
(High Priority Error)
A.1
This type of warning message informs the user about serious

problems that require your immediate intervention and
response (e.g., danger for patient and system). The danger
message remains on the screen until you confirm it.
A.1
Task Specific Warnings

(Error Message Type 1)
A.1
This type of warning message is application and task card specific. The message occurs within the active workflow/task and
requires your decision, but not immediately. You can confirm the
message and continue work, but you can also switch to another
task card and confirm the message later.
A.1
Information Messages
A.1
This type of message only provides additional information (e.g.,

about the result of a performed task). Just confirm the message
by clicking OK.
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A.15
General Information
Basics
Software installation and network
A.1
The syngo MR platform is shipped with precautions regarding

data security and prevention of external access with bad intent.
No additional protection (firewall) is included.
A.1
A.1
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Impermissible or faulty manipulations/
changes of the software or connection of the system to a
network
A.1
Consequence: Unauthorized access.
A.1
Remedy: Make sure all necessary precautions with respect

to the existing level of security are considered when adding
a functionality or altering the shipped configuration. A.1
A.1
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Reduced system performance due to
overload of the network environment.
A.1
Consequence: Unexpected system behavior.
Remedy: Only use syngo MR in a secure and loadadapted network.
A.1
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Operator Manual
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General Information
Virus protection
A.1
As a user of a networked PC you should be aware of the possibility of an infection with computer viruses or other damaging
software.
A.1
Prevention
A.1
The focus lies on prevention of such an infection:
A.1
All precautions have been taken to ensure data security and

to prevent access to your syngo MR system with negative
intent.
Data traffic through all unnecessary ports or "doors" is
blocked. Data exchange is restricted to defined paths only.
This includes the service interface and makes syngo MR
extremely secure.
Additional protection (such as a virus scanner, a local firewall,
etc.) is not installed.
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A.17
General Information
Suitable topology
Basics
A.1
A good and secure network architecture is able to reject most

attacks from viruses, worms etc. The network architects and IT
administrators of a hospital use a suitable topology with the best
protection of the medical devices connected.
A.1
Medical devices shall always be connected within sub-networks that are separated from the rest of the office equipment by a firewall PC.
Mail programs that may receive virus infected attachments or
browser software with connection to the Internet are a potential risk for all systems connected to the same subnet.
We recommend to prohibit this type of data transfer into the
subnets of medical devices.
As far as queries are concerned the system should only be
queryable from remote nodes.
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
A.2
A.2
This chapter is addressed to beginners with experience using

computers and Windows XP.
A.2
It is intended to enable you to use the applications and enter
data.
A.2
You are first given a short overview of the user interface of the
program. After that, an explanation is given of how to operate
the computer using the mouse and keyboard.
A.2
This chapter also explains the command and input elements on
the programs user interface.
A.2
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A.21
Basics
The application program
A.2
After start up, the user interface of the program will appear on
your screen, with the Exam task card in the foreground.
The user interface is subdivided into the following areas:
A.2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Menu bar
Image and workspace of the task cards
Tabs of the task cards
Tabs of the subtask cards
Stack of subtask cards
Status bar
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Operator Manual
Basics
Mouse and keyboard
A.2
In order to execute commands on the computer or to input data

you can use the mouse and/or the keyboard.
A.2
The mouse
A.2
Your mouse has three buttons.
A.2
A.2
You can start actions of the program with the mouse buttons.
With the left button you select objects and start applications and
actions, with the right button you open popup menus and with
the center button you change the window values of images. A.2
With the mouse you can:
A.2
Move the mouse pointer

Select and mark objects
Copy and move objects
Start applications and actions
Edit images
Call up menus
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A.23
Basics
The mouse pointer

A.2
A.2
The mouse pointer follows every movement of the mouse on

the screen.
A.2
A.2
If you have lost sight of the mouse pointer, simply move the
mouse.
Depending on the application which is currently active and the
action you want to perform the appearance of the mouse
pointer can change.
A.2
Cursor
A.2
Position the mouse pointer in a field in which you want to

enter text.
The mouse pointer changes its shape and becomes a vertical
line. It is now a text cursor indicating where characters can be
typed in will appear.
A.2
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Operator Manual
Basics
Using the mouse
A.2
First place the mouse pointer on an object, for example an

image. You can then perform the following actions:
A.2
Single click
A.2
Press a mouse button briefly and release it again. Do not move

the mouse while doing this.
A.2
You select an object with the left mouse button,
with the right mouse button you call up popup menus.
A.2
Double-click
A.2
Double-clicking means pressing the mouse button twice in

quick succession and then releasing the button again.
A.2
Double-clicking is used to start programs (left mouse button),
for example, or for auto-windowing (center mouse button).
A.2
Dragging
A.2
Press the mouse button and move the mouse while holding the
button down. With this action you can draw graphics, for example (left mouse button), or set window levels (center mouse button).
A.2
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A.25
Drag & drop
Basics
A.2
Click an object with the left mouse button, move it while holding
the mouse button down and release the mouse button again. A.2
A.2
Calling up the
popup menu
A.2
With the key combination Shift + F10 and a single click of the
right mouse button you can call up a pop menu for the selected
object or active area of the screen (except Viewing).
Page A.25, Using the mouse
A.2
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Basics
The keyboard
A.2
You use the keyboard to enter text and numbers. You can also
call up certain functions and start programs using key combinations and the keys of the numeric keypad.
A.2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Function keys
Typewriter keyboard
Cursor keypad
Symbol keypad
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A.27
Basics
Using the keyboard
A.2
Practically all commands can be performed using either the

mouse or the keyboard.
A.2
Entering text and

numbers
A.2
The keys on the typewriter keyboard are normally used to enter

text and numbers as well as commands.
A.2
Deleting characters
A.2
Pressing the Backspace deletes the character in front of the

cursor; pressing the Del key deletes the character following the
cursor. If a text is marked you can use either of these keys to
delete it.
A.2
Moving the cursor
A.2
With the cursor keys you can move the text cursor
within a text entry field. With the keys Home and End you move
the cursor to the first and last position within the text.
A.2
Calling up help
A.2
Press the F1 key to call up the Online Help supplied with the
program.
A.2
Calling up task cards
A.2
Press the function keys F6 to F8, to call up the individual task

cards.
Page A.237, Task cards
A.2
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Operator Manual
Basics
Setting the keyboard

focus
A.2
The user interface of the Exam task card is divided into separate areas, e.g. image area or program control. If you want to
operate the program quickly via the keyboard you can activate
the input and operation tools of the interface separately, one
after the other. By doing this, you are placing a focus on a specific object on the user interface to enable input via keyboard.A.2
For this purpose, press the Tab key on your keyboard to jump
forwards.
Or
A.2
Press the keys Shift + Tab to jump backwards.

The keyboard focus jumps from object to object.
A.2
Press the Tab key until you reach the object that you want to
operate via the keyboard.
The object which currently has the keyboard focus is marked.A.2
Buttons are marked with a broken line border.
A.2
List entries have a blue background.

A.2
Entries in the program card are marked with a broken line border.
A.2
Entries in the program card are marked with a broken line border and have a blue background.
A.2
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A.29
Keyboard focus on the

image area
Basics
A.2
The keyboard focus can only be placed on an entire image area

i.e. on all two or three image segments. The image area is then
surrounded by a fine white border. You can still see the input
focus (dotted blue border) in the image area, showing you
which image segment your entries apply to.
A.2
Paging through
card stacks
A.2
If the keyboard focus is on a card stack, you can also move individual cards to the foreground via keyboard commands.
A.2
Press keys Ctrl + or Ctrl + to jump to the left or to the
right.
If the card in the foreground is itself subdivided into cards, such
as the System parameter card, you can also move these cards
to the foreground via the keyboard.
A.2
To do this, press the Shift + Ctrl keys + or the Shift + Ctrl
keys + to jump to the left or to the right.
The keyboard focus is then on the previously set input object
that is marked as such.
A.2
Jumping within objects
A.2
You can move the keyboard focus using the tab key within
objects, e.g. program control or parameter cards.
A.2
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Starting applications and

functions
A.2
The symbol keypad of your system looks different from the

numeric keypad on a standard PC keyboard. These keys have
been assigned special functions on your system. The symbols
on each key help you to easily identify the respective functions.A.2
If your system is not equipped with the original Siemens keyboard, you can call up these functions and programs using
the corresponding keys on your standard numeric keypad.
Window Center - (Num. Num)

(Brightness -)
Window Center + (Num. /)

(Brightness +)
Window Width - (Num. *)

(Contrast -)
Window Width + (Num. -)

(Contrast +)
Auto Windowing (Num. 9)
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Basics
Scroll study back (Num. 7)
Scroll study forward (Num. 8)
Scroll series back (Num. 4)
Scroll series forward (Num. 5)
Scroll image back (Num. 1)
Scroll image forward (Num. 2)
Correct image text (Num. 6)

(not supported by this SW Version)
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Basics
Call up Patient Registration (Num. 0)
Call up Patient Browser (Num.)
Copy to Film Sheet (Num. Return)
Mark (Num. 3)
Send To Node 1 (Num. +)
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A.213
Using shortcuts
Basics
A.2
With the key combinations Ctrl or Alt or Windows plus another

key you can give commands to your computer very quickly. A.2
You can execute all functions by pressing the Alt key together
with the key of the letter underlined in the menu item or on the
button. In this way, you can operate the program without using
the mouse.
Here is a table of the most important key combinations:
A.2
A.2
Alt + F4
Close Patient Browser
Alt + Tab
Switch to another active Windows application

A.2
Ctrl + Tab
Switch active task card / page through stack of cards
Ctrl + Shift +
Tab
Switch active task card backwards / page through stack of

cards backwards
Ctrl + C
Copy
Ctrl + I
Import data
Ctrl + P
Expose film task
Ctrl + S
Save (only 3D taskcard)
Ctrl + X
Cut (only Filming taskcard)
Ctrl + V
Paste
Ctrl + W
Save window values
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Operator Manual
Basics
A.2
Windows
Show start menu
Windows + D
Minimize or restore all windows
Windows + E
Open Windows Explorer
Windows + F
Open search dialog
Windows + Ctrl + F
Open search dialog for computer
Windows + F1
Show help
Windows + R
Show run dialog
Windows + Pause
Show system properties dialog
Windows + Shift +
M
Undo minimize all windows
Windows + L
Lock workstation
Windows + U
Open utility manager
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A.215
Basics
Entering commands and data
A.2
You always have several options for entering commands or data

on the computer. You can use the mouse and/or the keyboard.
A.2
Selecting objects
A.2
You can select an object (e.g. an image or a patient) by clicking

it with the left mouse button.
A.2
Selected objects are marked. Images are given a border,
graphic objects such as ROIs (region of interest) are displayed with grab handles, icons and text (e.g. in list entries)
are highlighted (e.g. white on black).
Examples:
A.2
The selected patient entry in the window of the Patient

Browser is displayed highlighted (left).
Resizing handles (small squares) are visible on the selected
border (right).
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Selecting several objects
A.2
You select an object with the mouse and then press the Ctrl or
the Shift key.
A.2
With the Ctrl key you can select other individual objects.
A.2
Press the Ctrl key and keep it pressed.

Click all the objects that you want to select.
Click a selected object a second time to deselect it again.
With the Shift key you can select entire blocks of objects.
A.2
Press the Shift key and hold it pressed.

Click another object.
All the objects in between are selected as well.
A.2
Deselecting objects
A.2
You can deselect selected objects by selecting another object

or by clicking the background with the mouse.
A.2
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Moving or copying objects
A.2
You can move or copy objects from one application to another

(e.g. images) or from one location to another location on the
screen.
A.2
Drag & drop
A.2
This means picking up an object, dragging it and dropping it

again.
A.2
Click an object with the left mouse button, e.g. a series, and
hold the mouse button down.
Press the Ctrl key if you want to copy the object.
Drag the object to another location with the mouse (into another task card or window).
Release the mouse button.
The object will be moved or copied to the new location.
Page A.25, Using the mouse
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Cut/copy & paste
A.2
Another way of moving objects is via the cut & paste or copy
& paste functions.
A.2
Select the object you want to move or copy.
Call up Edit > Cut or use the shortcut Ctrl + X if you want to
move the object (only Filming task card).
Or
A.2
Call up Edit > Copy or use the shortcut Ctrl + C if you want
to copy the object.
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The object is moved or copied to the Windows clipboard. It

remains there until you cut or copy another object that will then
replace the previous one.
A.2
Click the new location.
Call up Edit > Paste or use the shortcut Ctrl + V to move or
copy the object to this new location.
Page A.214, Using shortcuts
Page A.241, Using menus
Double-clicking
A.2
If you double-click on an object with the left mouse button, the

standard function of the associated function menu, which also
depends on the object type, is executed. You can transfer a
selected object to another application with a double click.
A.2
Menus
A.2
You can also use the entries of the dropdown menus to pass
objects from one application to another.
A.2
Select the object(s) you want to pass onto another task card.
Call up the relevant menu item.
Page A.241, Using menus
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Changing the image display
A.2
You can change the display of an image using the mouse:
A.2
Setting window levels (windowing)

Changing the image size (zooming)
Moving the image (panning)
For windowing you use the center mouse button. For zooming
and panning you first switch the mouse to zoom/pan mode and
then use the left mouse button to change the image display.
Page G.415, Zooming and panning images
A.2
Move the mouse pointer onto the image, press the center or
left mouse button and hold it pressed. If you now move the
mouse you change the way the image is displayed.
The mouse cursor changes shape for zooming (left cursor) and
panning (right cursor).
A.2
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Entering text
A.2
If you click a text entry field with the mouse, the mouse pointer
becomes a text cursor (vertical bar).
A.2
Enter the text via the keyboard.

You can also enter text into a combo box.
Page A.233, Combo box
Selecting text
A.2
Selecting words
A.2
Deleting text
A.2
You can mark text by moving the cursor across the text while
holding the left mouse button down. The text is displayed highlighted.
A.2
Double-click with the left mouse button while the cursor is

inside a word. The word is marked.
Use the mouse to select text. Press the Del or the Backspace key. The selected text is deleted.
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Windows
A.2
In the Windows XP operating system programs are displayed

in windows. When you start an application it is called up in a
window.
A.2
Layout of windows
A.2
You will find the following graphic elements in a window:
A.2
(1) Title bar

The title bar displays the name of the program you are currently working in.
(2) Title bar icon
Icon for opening a menu for window commands.
(3) Menu bar
This contains the functions of the program in dropdown
menus.
(4) Toolbar
This contains the icons for starting functions and programs.
(5) Workspace
Here you can execute the functions of the program.
(6) Window buttons
Buttons for controlling the window display.
Here you minimize, maximize or close the window.
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A.2
(7) Scroll bar

If the content of the window is too large to be displayed,
scroll bars are displayed on the right and lower edge of the
window.
(8) Border
Place the mouse on the border to resize the window.
(9) Status bar
This displays the instructions and feedback from the current program and contains the storage capacity icons.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
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Resizing and moving a window
A.2
You can change the window display (window, full screen or

icon), the size of the window and the position of the window.
A.2
Changing the type of

window
A.2
In the top right-hand corner of the title bar you will find three buttons with which you can change the size and position of windows.
A.2
With these buttons you can change the active window as follows:
A.2
A.2
A.2
A.2
Click on the left-hand button with the left mouse button to

minimize the window.
Click the center button to toggle between full screen and window size. If you click the on button again you switch back to
the previous size.
Click on the right button to close the window and therefore
the application as well.
Or
A.2
Click on the Windows title button and select the corresponding entry in the menu.
Not all of these functions are available in all windows.
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Resizing the window
Basics
A.2
Move the mouse pointer onto the border of the window and its
appearance changes. Depending on where you place the
mouse pointer it can take on one of the following shapes:
A.2
On the lower or upper edge it becomes a vertical double
arrow.
Now you can change the height of the window.
On the left or right edges it changes to a horizontal double
arrow.
Now you can change the width of the window.
On a corner of the border it becomes a diagonal double
arrow.
Now you can change the height and width of the window.
On the interior border line it becomes a broken double arrow
(if the window is subdivided).
You can change the height of the window sections.
Press the left mouse button and drag the border to the new
position while holding the mouse button down.
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Changing the position of

the window
A.2
You can move the window to any position on the screen as long
as it is not maximized or minimized.
A.2
Click the title bar and drag the window to the new position
holding the mouse button down.
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Moving the content of the

window
Basics
A.2
On the scroll bars you will find the arrow buttons and a scroll box
with which you can move the content of the window. Depending
on whether the window is too short or too narrow to display its
content the scroll bar will appear on the right or below the window.
A.2
Click an arrow button (1) with the left mouse button. The
screen content is shifted a small distance in the direction of
the arrow.
Click the scroll box (2) and drag it with the mouse. The
screen content is moved continuously in the corresponding
direction.
Click on any point on the scroll bar with the mouse. The
screen content is moved toward this point by a distance
which is proportional to the distance of this point from the
scroll box.
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Switching between windows
A.2
Frequently, several windows or tab cards are open at the same

time, for example, if you are looking for a patient using the
Patient Browser before you start an examination.
A.2
Active window
A.2
The active window is in the foreground.

The title bar of the active window has a different color from that
of the inactive window.
A.2
You can move objects (e.g. images) from an active window to
a window in the background (drag & drop) as long as both
windows are visible.
Switching windows
A.2
If you want to switch from one window to another visible window

click on the corresponding window.
A.2
It moves to the foreground, and the color of the title bar
changes. It is now the active window in which you can work. A.2
Example: Patient Browser and Patient Registration.
A.2
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Dialog boxes
A.2
Dialog boxes are used to enter data or to select or confirm settings.

A.2
They are usually displayed after you have called up a function.A.2
Example
A.2
In a dialog box you will find entry fields, selection lists, radio buttons or checkboxes to select options and buttons with which you
can accept or reject inputs.
A.2
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NOTE
A large window might be hiding smaller dialog or message
boxes.
In that case, move the large window until the small window
becomes visible.
A.2
Example:
The Patient Browser box is open. The system starts
burning a CD in multi-session mode. The dialog box
Enter label is hidden by the Patient Browser.
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Operating elements in boxes and on tab

cards
A.2
Dialog boxes and tab cards contain various operating elements

you can use to enter data or make selections.
A.2
Radio buttons
A.2
You can select options by clicking on them with the left mouse
button. Only one option can be selected at a time.
A.2
Check box
A.2
Click inside the box using the left mouse button.

A cross or checkmark appears. The option is then selected.
A.2
Click on the box again to deselect the option.

More than one option can be selected this way.
A.2
Selection list
A.2
Click the arrow to the right of the selection list using the left
mouse button to open the selection menu.
Move the mouse pointer down the list.
The entries are highlighted one after the other.
A.2
Click on the entry you want to select.
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Entry field
A.2
Here you can enter text or numbers.
A.2
Click into the entry field with the mouse pointer. Then enter
the text at the text cursor.
Spin box
A.2
In a spin box you can select values.
A.2
Click one of the arrows with the left mouse button to increase
the set value (up) or decrease it (down), or enter a value in
the entry field.
Combo box
A.2
This field is a combination of an entry field and a selection list.

You can either select entries from the list or type them in on the
keyboard.
A.2
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Slider
Basics
A.2
With the slider you can set a value range.
A.2
Drag the end boundaries of the slider with the mouse to

increase or decrease the value range.
Move the center mark of the slider to change the position of
the value range.
Double-click the center mark to cover the entire slider area.
Buttons for executing

commands
A.2
A.2
By clicking on a button you start an action. A dialog box contains several buttons, for instance:
A.2
All the settings in the window become valid and the window
is closed. In some dialog boxes OK triggers an action, for
example, filming.
A.2
Same as OK, except that the window is not closed.
A.2
The dialog box is exited without making any changes.
A.2
A help text about the dialog box is displayed.
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Buttons for calling up

functions
A.2
You can start many functions in the program both via the menus
or via the icon buttons.
A.2
You find icon buttons on the toolbars, on the subtask cards, or
in the control area of the task cards. They allow fast and intuitive
execution of functions quickly and intuitively, simply by clicking
on the buttons.
A.2
Dimmed fields and

buttons
A.2
There are a number of functions which you can only execute if

you have selected an image, for example, or loaded data into
the task card. Buttons and input fields are dimmed (shown gray
or shaded), if you cannot execute the function assigned to
them.
A.2
Dimmed button, the function cannot be initiated.
The button is no longer dimmed, you can start the function.
The icon is active, for example, you can now draw a ROI on an
image.
Tool tips
A.2
If you place the mouse cursor over an icon, a short text about
this function is displayed. The tool tip disappears again after a
few seconds.
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Using tab cards
A.2
Tab cards are arranged in stacks so that you can place them in
the foreground easily by clicking on a tab. When you activate a
tab card it is placed in the foreground. You can only start a function from an active tab card.
A.2
Activating a tab card
A.2
Click a tab to activate a card.
The active tab card has a different background color than the
inactive tab cards.
A.2
The settings and data that you have entered on the tab card
which was previously active are not changed when it moves into
the background. When you call up this tab card again you will
find all the data and settings unchanged.
A.2
There are two types of tab cards:
A.2
Task cards
Subtask cards
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Task cards
A.2
The arrangement of the task cards reflects routine operation in

the hospital or practice and their layout supports the examination procedure, for example:
A.2
You can perform an examination in the Examination task
card.
You can view the results and process them in the Viewing
task card.
You edit your film sheet in Filming.
You postprocess images 3-dimensionally in 3D.
Calling up using the tabs
A.2
Click on the tab (1) on the right-hand side of the screen to

activate a task card.
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Calling up using the

function keys
Basics
You can also switch to each task card using the function keys.A.2
A.2
Press the F5 key to switch to the Examination task card.

Press the F6 key to switch to the Viewing task card.
Press the F7 key to switch to the Filming task card.
Press the F8 key to switch to the 3D task card.
Switching to another
task card
A.2
You can switch to another task card. You simply select the
appropriate tab.
A.2
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Too many applications

active
A.2
Your system can only handle a certain number of open task

cards. If the permitted number is exceeded, the Too Many
Applications Active dialog box will be displayed. In this case,
please close one of the running applications.
A.2
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Subtask cards
A.2
On task cards you will find smaller cards, called subtask cards.A.2
They are used for the following purposes:
A.2
Tool boxes, e.g. for graphic evaluation

Setting parameters
Calling up functions and programs
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Using menus
A.2
In order to keep the screen clearer, actions are grouped

together in dropdown menus.
A.2
Application-specific menus
A.2
The menu bar changes with the task card that is currently active
or the window that is currently open. This way only the functions
are accessible which are relevant for the respective application.A.2
A.2
Patient Browser
menu bar
A.2
Viewing menu bar
A.2
Filming menu bar
A.2
The menu bar of the Patient Browser window contains the following menu items:
A.2
The menu bar of the Viewing task card contains the following
menu items:
A.2
The menu bar of the Filming task card contains the following
menu items:
A.2
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3D menu bar
Basics
A.2
The menu bar of the 3D task card contains the following entries:A.2
A.2
Optional applications
A.2
If there are any optional applications integrated in your system

or licensed for your system you call them up via the additional
menu entry Applications.
A.2
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Dropdown menus of the menu bar
A.2
The menu bar consists of a row of dropdown menus. Via these

menus a series of functions and settings is accessible.
A.2
Selecting a menu
A.2
Click on a menu item in the menu bar with the left mouse button.
The dropdown menu is opened. The menu item is highlighted.A.2
Move the mouse pointer down the menu bar and each dropdown menu opens and closes in turn.
Only the dropdown menu on which the mouse pointer is placed
remains open.
A.2
Closing the menu
A.2
If you do not want to select a function, click the menu title

again or click on the background outside the dropdown
menu.
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Selecting an action
Basics
A.2
Move the mouse pointer down a dropdown menu.

The entries are highlighted one after the other.
A.2
Stop at the action you want to execute.

Click on it with the left mouse button.
The action is started and the menu closed.
A.2
Menu entries followed by an ellipses open dialog boxes

(e.g. Save As...).
Menu entries without an ellipses call up an action directly
(e.g. Close Patient).
Options
A.2
Some menu items when clicked do not seem to perform any

action. However, if you look at the dropdown menu again you
will see that the menu item has a checkmark next to it. The
associated option is now active.
A.2
Click the menu entry again to deactivate the option.
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Submenu
A.2
Some lines in the dropdown menu have a small arrow on the

right-hand side. If you move down to one of these arrows with
the mouse pointer a submenu is displayed.
A.2
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Popup menus
A.2
Popup menus contain context-specific information. That means

a different popup menu will appear depending on the type of
object you have selected. These menus offer you actions that
can be performed on this object.
A.2
Calling up popup menus
A.2
First select an object with the left mouse button.

Call up the popup menu by pressing the right mouse button
or with Shift + F10.
The menu belonging to the current object type is displayed.
A.2
Selecting an action
A.2
Move the mouse pointer over the menu.

The entry on which the mouse pointer is placed will be highlighted. You can start the function with a single click (right or left
mouse button).
A.2
If you have not selected an object and click on the right

mouse button a context menu is also opened. This menu now
provides you with actions that are meaningful in the currently
active task card or window as long as nothing is selected.
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Status bar
A.2
The status bar at the bottom edge of the window shows you
messages and instructions and contains the storage capacity
icons.
A.2
It is subdivided into three columns:
A.2
Examination-specific information is displayed in the first column.

Warnings and messages appear in the second column.
If functions are being executed in the background, the application will appear as an icon in the third column, next to the
storage capacity icons.
Action history
A.2
Actions executed by the program are automatically logged

together with information about whether each step was successfully terminated or whether an error occurred. You can
query a list of the last entries in the history at any time.
A.2
Click on the task bar with the left mouse button to list the last
commands and program actions.
You can determine the number of entries in the log in the History Size dialog box that you call up by clicking the status bar
with the right mouse button.
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Resource check
A.2
Your system monitors the memory usage and the storage

capacity of the main database, the scheduler database and the
exchange board (virtual memory).
A.2
Main Database and

Scheduler
A.2
By the storage capacity icon you can see how much space has
already been taken up in the local database. If the filled capacity
rises above a configurable limit (default 95%), the icon changes
color from green to red.
A.2
If you move the mouse pointer to this icon, the percentage of
storage capacity already taken up is displayed.
A.2
Archive the patient and examination data in time and delete
them in the Patient Browser to ensure that sufficient capacity is always available.
Page J.21, Storing Data on an External Medium
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Virtual Memory
A.2
By the blinking storage capacity icon in the status bar you can
see that the virtual memory is already filled.
A.2
The message Resource Monitor is displayed.
A.2
A.2
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Insufficient memory or disk space may
lead to an instable or blocking system.
A.2
Consequence: System is not available in emergency
cases.
A.2
Remedy: Do not ignore the storage capacity warning icons.A.2
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Text information in medical images
A.2
In medical images various information is displayed as image

text. This text information identifies the patient and documents
examination and image parameters.
A.2
With the Image Text Editor you can define which text elements are to be displayed in the images.
Page A.37, Configuring image text
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The image text is sorted by topic in the four corners of the

image.
A.2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
Patient and examination data

Orientation label
System-specific information
Scale bar
Window values and image matrix
Comment lines
Examination and image parameters
Orientation label
You will find an overview of all image text components in the

appendix.
Page P.21, Text Annotations in Medical Images
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A.2
NOTE
Note the following changes to image text if you are using the
former Numaris software version to process images
acquired with syngo MR:
A.2
The image number is altered.
The sign for the slice position is reversed for the headfeet and anterior-posterior directions.
The scan time TA and the contrast agent/flow time are
not displayed.
"FS" appears instead of the scan option; "OTHER"
appears instead of the image type.
The image matrix is displayed instead of the acquisition
matrix.
The echo time and inversion time display is modified
(TE:TE 15.0/##, TI: 50).
A.2
NOTE
The image text for the slice position has changed in
software versions MRease VA12A and higher. The
designations for direction L, P or H, and R, A or F are now
displayed instead of the signs "+" and "-".
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Configuring the User

Interface
CHAPTER
A.3
A.3
You can configure task cards, windows, and individual functions

of the program, i.e. adapt them to your requirements.
A.3
To configure windows and task cards, first call up the
NUMARIS/4 - Configuration Panel where you will find icons
representing various applications. Then double-click on an icon
to open the corresponding configuration window.
A.3
For example, you can define which buttons the toolbar of the
Patient Browser window contains.
A.3
Calling up the
Configuration Panel
A.3
Call up Options > Configuration... to open the

NUMARIS/4 - Configuration Panel.
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Calling up configuration windows
A.3
Configured program parts are represented by icons in the

NUMARIS/4 - Configuration Panel.
A.3
A.3
A.3
A.3
A.3
Double-click on the icon to display the configuration window

for the Patient Browser.
Chapter D.7, Configuring the Patient Browser

for the saving and network functions.
Chapter J.7, Configuring Data Transfer

for assignment of study-specific film layouts (not supported
by syngo MR).
Chapter O.6, Configuring Filming
Double-click on the icon to configure film layouts or create

new film layouts.
Chapter O.6, Configuring Filming
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A.3
A.3
Double-click on the icon to configure the Patient Registration.

Chapter E.4, Configuring Patient Registration
Double-click on the icon to configure the Viewing task card.

Chapter G.8, Configuring the Viewing Task Card
Double-click on this icon of the NUMARIS/4 - Configuration

Panel to configure the image text.
Double-click on the icon to configure the Voice Output.

Chapter F.11, Patient instructions
A.3
Double-click on this icon to configure the Patient Search.

Page D.244, Configuring Patient Search
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Double-click on this icon to configure the 3D application.

Chapter H.14, 3D Configuration
Double-click on this icon to configure the screensaver settings.

Page B.270, Use of the Screen Saver
Double-click on this icon to configure the Audit Trail settings.

Page B.275, Opening the configuration for audit trail
storing
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Defining the regional settings
A.3
Under Regional and Language Options, you can define the

language of the user interface and other settings, such as the
date format.
A.3
A.3
Double-click on this icon.

The configuration for regional settings appears.
A.3
The user interface for the regional settings is always in

English whatever language is set.
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Setting the language
A.3
Basics
Select the language you require on the Regional Options

subtask card and confirm with OK.
The application is restarted with the new language.
A.3
NOTE
A restart of the system is necessary to apply the change of
the language.
A.3
A.3
Other regional settings
A.3
You can make further settings on the other subtask cards.
A.3
In particular, define the format for the Date and Time.

We recommend to select the short date style.
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Configuring image text
A.3
With the Image Text Editor you can define which text elements
will be displayed in the images.
A.3
A.3
Double-click on this icon of the NUMARIS/4-Configuration

Panel.
The configuration editor Image Text Configuration is displayed.
A.3
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Image type
A.3
Basics
You can define individual settings for each modality.
A.3
The default setting is used if no other setting is specified for

the displayed image.
A.3
Select the type of image you require from the selection list
View Name.
The setting for this text selection is displayed.
A.3
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Number of texts
A.3
You can change the default text mode.
A.3
Click on the required option button.

A.3
All Text
All available text information is displayed in the images.
No Text
No texts will be displayed in the images.
Customized Text
You can make a selection from the available texts.
NOTE
If you select the setting No Text,
no orientation marks or scale will be displayed either!
A.3
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Text selection
A.3
Basics
If you have selected the Customized Text option, you can put
together any text selection.
A.3
Activate or deactivate the required checkboxes.
Or
A.3
Click on Deselect All if you want to deselect all entries.

Or
A.3
Click on Select All if you want to select all entries.

The text selection is displayed (depending on modality).
A.3
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Basics
Emphasizing image
texts
A.3
If the Customized texts option is activated, you can emphasize

selected image texts. This can make sense if some texts would
be displayed too small in certain layouts (layout of 20 or 35
images).
A.3
Mark the required image text.
The selected text is highlighted grey and button B is activated.A.3
Click on button B.
The marked image text is displayed in bold.
A.3
You can de-emphasize the text again by selecting the bold

texts and clicking on button B again.
Depending on the configuration of your system it might not be
possible to display some texts.
NOTE
If orientation labels are deselected the patient name will not
be displayed.
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Basics
Exiting a configuration window
A.3
As soon as you have changed settings in a configuration window, you can exit the configuration window with or without saving your changes.
A.3
A.3
A.3
Click on the OK button to save all your settings and exit the
configuration window.
Click on the Apply button to save your settings but leave the
window open.
Click on Vendor Default or Default Settings to restore the

original settings.
A.3
Click on Cancel to cancel configuration.

All settings are rejected and the window is closed.
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CHAPTER
A.4
Service Functions
A.4
The system provides a range of service functions for maintenance, checking, and configuring the system for authorized
users, i.e. system administrators.
A.4
For technical reasons, the user interface of the service functions is always in English independent of the national language selected.
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Service Functions
Basics
Displaying the maintenance status
A.4
To ensure smooth operation, your system must be maintained

at certain intervals.
A.4
The system contains a dialog box which shows you when your
system must be inspected again.
A.4
Call up Options > Maintenance....
The Maintenance Status dialog box is displayed.
A.4
On monochrome monitors, it might be difficult to see the

progress bar.
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Basics
Service Functions
The progress bar shows you when the next maintenance of

your system is due by means of a colored display.
A.4
As long as the display is in the green range, you can close the
window again with OK. If the bar moves into the red range, you
can only close this window again after maintenance has been
performed.
A.4
In that case, move the window to one side, finish off the examination, and contact Siemens Service.
For further information, please contact your Siemens Service
or your system administrator.
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Service Functions
Basics
Local service
A.4
In addition to the user-specific configuration, there is a configuration level for authorized users which is protected by a password.
A.4
Select Options > Service > Local Service... to call up the
Authentication window.
Depending on the configuration access rights in your system

several service levels are available.
A.4
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Basics
Service Functions
Remote service access
A.4
Your system can also be serviced by Siemens Service via

modem.
A.4
In the Remote Service Access Control window, you can grant
access rights to service so that service personnel can perform
maintenance.
A.4
Call up Options > Service > Remote Service... to display
the Remote Service Access Control dialog box.
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Service Functions
Basics
A.4
NOTE
As long as you have assigned full access rights to service,
i.e. maintenance is in progress, you cannot continue
working with your system.
A.4
Select Limited Access or No Access and click OK or
Apply to continue.
When switched on, remote service access is only possible

from trusted systems (systems with which your syngo MR
system has exchanged proved certificates).
A.4
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Terminating remote service without
consultation with the service engineers.
A.4
Consequence: Terminating the remote service ends all
service processes and causes system malfunctions. A.4
Remedy: Always consult with a service engineer before
terminating remote service.
A.4

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Basics
Service Functions
Logbook
A.4
Your system has a logbook that records all system and application-relevant events, for example error messages.
A.4
Call up Options > Service > Event Log... to display the
Event Log dialog box.
You can select the type and date of the messages that you want
to display.
A.4
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Service Functions
Basics
Configuring the MR system
A.4
As an authorized user or system administrator you can set

syngo MR to the exact configuration of your MAGNETOM. This
includes, for example, specifying the MAGNETOM type, the
optional system components and environmental conditions. A.4
Call up Options > Service > Local Service.
Enter a new password and click on the button OK in the
Authentication dialog window.
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PART
Security Package
B.0
B.1 Introduction
Terms and definitions in security ............................... B.15
B.2 Information for Administrators

Configuration of the security system .............................. B.22
Preparatory steps .................................................... B.212
Workflow for the configuration of
the security system .................................................. B.216
Configuration of user accounts ................................ B.225
Configuration of groups and roles ........................... B.235
Access control ......................................................... B.244
Audit trail and log files .................................................. B.271
Opening the configuration for audit trail storing ....... B.275
Configuring the storage of the audit trail .................. B.277
Opening the Audit Trail Filter and Viewer ................ B.286
Defining events to be recorded in the audit trail ...... B.288
Viewing log files ....................................................... B.291
Storing and deleting log files ................................... B.294
What to do when the audit trail blocks
the system ............................................................... B.297
Secure transfer of data ................................................ B.299
B.3 Information for Users

User management and access control .......................... B.32
Logging on and off ..................................................... B.35
Emergency access....................................................... B.311
Failed log on ................................................................ B.312
Protecting data from unauthorized access ................... B.313
Service access ............................................................. B.315
Generating a service password for local access ..... B.317
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Contents
Safety standards in syngo MR
Recorded user transactions (audit trail) ....................... B.320
B.4 Information for Service Technicians

Service access ............................................................... B.42
Local access .............................................................. B.43
Remote access .......................................................... B.45
Backup & restore ............................................................ B.47
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CHAPTER
B.1
Data and Function
Security
Introduction
B.1
B.1
Based on diagnostic images and medical reports decisions are

made that affect the health of patients. Therefore, in modern
health care it is necessary to protect such sensitive documents
from unauthorized access and to record all actions on the
data.
B.1
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
(HIPAA) is a legal requirement to ensure the privacy, integrity
and consistency of patient data in health care.
B.1
In supporting HIPAA, syngo MR provides competent user management and highly configurable access control to implement
privacy, integrity and consistency of patient data in health care
which may be required by country specific regulatory.
B.1
Access to functions as well as to data is only permitted to
authenticated and authorized users. Each user is identifiable
at all times.
Logon and action on data such as creation, read, update and
deletion are recorded in an audit trail. The audit trail can only
be viewed by authorized users.
syngo MR only accepts DICOM Query/Retrieve requests
from trusted hosts. Requests from unknown hosts are
rejected.
Communication during secured remote service sessions is
encrypted.
If the computer is unused for a specific period of time, the
screen is automatically locked.
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Introduction
B.1
B.1
NOTE
Security has to be set up on every workstation except for
satellite consoles, which take the security settings from
their main console. Therefore, you cannot configure the
security system on satellite consoles.
B.1
Furthermore, if the computer is connected to a hospital
network, all partner workstations have to be set up for
security, otherwise a security gap will exist.
B.1
Scope
B.1
Security in syngo MR provides the infrastructure that is necessary to protect patient data from unauthorized access. Only
persons who need to see certain data will have access to it, and
only persons with the necessary data access rights will be able
to modify data.
B.1
The security system consists of the following parts:
B.1
Authentication of users who are working on the system

Access protection to patient data with user specific permissions
Protection for execution of application functionality with userspecific privileges
Logging the access to patient data in an AuditTrail
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Use Cases
B.1
Introduction
The following use cases show you some benefits of the syngo
MR user management and security system.
B.1
To ensure high throughput of patients, two assistants work
on one system at the same time. While one assistant prepares a patient for the next examination at the modality, the
other assistant sends the images from the previous examination to the store. The assistants can take over and log on
without a restart of the application or a significant delay being
caused due to a patient data unload.
A system can be shared between wards or hospitals, and
patient data is only visible to the staff of the ward/hospital
that has acquired the data.
A radiologist working in a radiology department of a hospital
can also have his or her own practice and use the hospitals
systems for examinations of own patients. For example,
depending on the current role (radiologist in hospital or
radiologist for private patients) he/she has access to a
wider or more restricted range of functions for post-processing images.
The presence of a VIP patient in the hospital is kept confidential. Data acquisition is carried out by the departmental
head and one assistant. The acquired images and even the
existence of the patients records is hidden from all other
users of the system.
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Introduction
Structure of the
Documentation
B.1
This documentation distinguishes between three types of

users.
B.1
In this part of the documentation, administrators find all the
information they need to manage the security system, from
activating the security package, through managing users
and access control to configuring the audit trail.
Chapter B.2, Information for Administrators
This part of the documentation shows the user how to log on
and off, how to work efficiently and what to do when he/she
forgot the password. It also shows how to enable access to
a service technician (local and remote access).
Chapter B.3, Information for Users
Service technicians can enter the system locally or remotely.
This documentation part is restricted to the most common
service issues.
A special source of information aimed at service technicians
is available in the Service Software Online Help.
Chapter B.4, Information for Service Technicians
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Terms and definitions in security

Access Rights
B.1
Introduction
B.1
In syngo MR security, rights protect the access to patient

health information (data) with group/user specific permissions.
B.1
Authentication
B.1
Authentication of users who are working with syngo MR is the

underlying basis of all security measures. A user account is created for every person who will be working with syngo MR. To
log on to the system, the user enters his/her user account and
password. By this, a user is identifiable.
B.1
Audit Trail
B.1
On a secure system, all actions on data are logged. syngo uses

auditing to track which user account was used to access files or
other objects, as well as logon attempts, system shutdowns or
restarts, and similar events.
B.1
Only authorized users can track auditing activity by viewing the
log files of the audit trail.
B.1
The log files of the audit trail need to be stored on a regular
schedule.
B.1
Authorization
B.1
Authorization means:
B.1
Data Access: Only users who need access to certain patient

data can view it (for example, all medical personnel on
Ward A).
Functional Privileges: Only users with the necessary authorization can modify the data (for example, only doctors would
have the right to change the work status).
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Introduction
Data Access and Groups
B.1
The data access security check is based on groups and users:B.1

Users need to have access to patient data within their sphere
of influence (for example, their ward).
Users are assigned to groups that correspond with their
sphere of influence; these groups are allowed access to the
corresponding patient data.
It is easier to manage permissions for groups than for individual users.
Access to patient data is secured through the needed permissions: In order to reduce complexity, only the following permission levels are implemented:
B.1
NO ACCESS
FULL CONTROL
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Everyone (Group and

Role)
B.1
Introduction
syngo MR security makes use of the Everyone group and a

Everyone role.
B.1
The Everyone group is the default group for setting up
access to data. If the Everyone group is configured to have
access to all data within the hospital, all users will have
access to all data (regardless of any group or individual settings).
It is therefore essential that the Everyone group is restricted
to patient data that everyone must have access to (for example, emergency patients).
The Everyone role is the default level for granting privileges
to users. If all privileges are assigned to Everyone, the configuration of other roles or individuals will not have any actual
effect.
It is therefore essential to limit the privileges of the Everyone role to those that everyone must have.
All users potentially have full access to data and functions
because the default settings of the Everyone group and role
allow full access. The effective rights for a user depend on the
configuration of this group and role.
B.1
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Introduction
B.1
NOTE
Because it is not possible to deny rights, the Everyone
group and role have but the user shall not, we recommend
to take special care when configuring the data access
permission and the functional privileges.
B.1
You can follow two different strategies for the Everyone

setup:
B.1
Following the Allow nothing strategy, you would withdraw
almost all rights from the Everyone group and role and then
set up the user groups and the roles. In this case, even common rights would have to be assigned to every group and
role.
Following the Common rights strategy, you would only withdraw critical rights that are not needed by all users.
A useful procedure could be to set up the desired permissions, and then check the effective permissions. When you
are finished, you can remove any unnecessary privileges
from the Everyone group. You must then re-check the effective permissions.
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Introduction
Please take care not to configure No Access for all groups,

because then even fall-back data objects are can no longer
be accessed.
We recommend to allow Full Control, for example, for the
STANDARD patient group at the Everyone configuration
level. This would allow all users access to the standard
patients (for example, any patients who have not yet been
assigned to a ward).
Groups
B.1
Groups are assigned to users which are members of a team or

a department. All members of a group receive the same data
access rights (permission, for example, to view or to process
data).
B.1
Establishing groups helps to efficiently assign data access
rights to users and reduces the time needed for configuration.
B.1
Permissions
B.1
Data access rights. The right to create, read, update, delete or

protect data is granted via permissions. The following permission levels are available:
B.1
NO ACCESS
FULL CONTROL
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Introduction
Privileges
B.1
The right to execute functions is granted via privileges. The

functional security check is based on roles and users:
B.1
Users need to perform functions that correspond with their
role in the hospital, for example, nurse, physician, office
desk,
Privileges are managed by roles.
It is easier to manage privileges for roles than for individual
users.
Users are associated with roles and inherit the corresponding privileges.
Roles
B.1
Users having the same tasks are assigned a role (for example,
radiologists, administrators, or technicians). Then all users of a
role have the same right to execute functions, such as storing
data.
B.1
Establishing roles helps to efficiently assign execution rights to
users and reduces the time needed for configuration.
B.1
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Trusted Hosts
B.1
Introduction
Trusted hosts is a principle for a secure exchange of data

between systems in a network. The trusted host functionality
can be switched on in the Local Service Software. Switching
on has the following consequences:
B.1
Basically, all trusted systems must have knowledge about
each other.
At your local workstation, all systems you trust must be set
up as such.
Received data is only accepted from trusted systems.
Data will only be sent to trusted systems.
Queries on data are only allowed from other trusted systems.
Your trusted zone must contain only network nodes with the
security system installed so that you can receive and send data
without worrying about data security.
B.1
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Information for
Administrators
CHAPTER
B.2
Administrators tasks
B.2
B.2
Once the syngo MR security system has been installed,

Administrators are responsible for establishing and maintaining
competent user management, and for ensuring that the system
remains secure. This includes the following main tasks:
B.2
Creation and maintenance of user and group accounts and
role definitions
Definition of data access rights (permissions)
Assignment of functional privileges
Handling of the audit trail
Regularly backing up the audit trail
NOTE
User management has to be set up on every computer,
except for satellite consoles, which take the security
settings from their main console.
B.2
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Configuration of the security

system
Principles of the syngo MR
User Management
B.2
B.2
Patient data is sensitive information that has to be protected

from unauthorized access, modification, transfer or deletion.
B.2
User Authentication
B.2
A user account has to be created for every person who will be

working with syngo MR. To log on to the system, the user
enters his/her user account and password.
B.2
User Authorization
B.2
The syngo MR user management and security system provides a highly configurable access control and ensures that
users obtain access only to application functions and patient
data they are authorized to work with.
B.2
The right to execute functions is granted via privileges.
The right to create, read, update, delete or protect data is
granted via permissions.
Permissions can be set on at the patient or the study level.
Series and instances inherit their permissions from the study
they belong to.
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Example: Doctor Stern wants to send a study of the patient Mr.

Smith to the archive. To do so, he needs the permission to
access the study of Mr. Smith and he needs the privilege to
send data to the archive.
B.2
B.2
Grouping of Users: Roles

and Groups
B.2
Setting up the access rights for each user individually would

take a long time and would inevitably lead to inconsistent rights
for similar users.
B.2
Scenario: Every doctor in the hospital shall be allowed to invoke
the 3-D functions, but nurses shall not be allowed to do so. Also,
patient data shall only be visible in the ward where the patient
is being treated.
B.2
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As the scenario shows, users can be grouped under certain

aspects:
B.2
According to his/her profession or duties, a user may have
assigned one or several roles, such as radiologist, nurse, or
administrator.
Roles can be assigned certain function execution rights
(= privileges), such as sending data, correcting data or setting a work status. These rights extend to all users who
assume a certain role (or several roles).
B.2
According to the department(s) a user belongs to, a user
may also be assigned to one or several groups, such as the
radiology department or a ward.
For groups, you can configure data access rights (= permissions), which are granted to all group members.
B.2
You can also set up permissions and privileges for each user
individually.
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Typically, a user belongs to at least one group and has at least

one role. A user can also be assigned to more than one group
or role. See ( Page B.244) for more information about access
control and how conflicting permissions and privileges are handled if a user belongs to more than one group or role.
B.2
Special User Accounts
B.2
The syngo MR security system knows the following special

user accounts:
B.2
Administrator
By default, the security system is installed with a general
Administrator user account assigned to the groups Administrators and SecurityAdmins and having assigned a role
called SecurityAdmins.
B.2
Use this system account only to set up user management.
You then have to create a separate user account for every
administrator and assign these user accounts both to the
groups Administrators and SecurityAdmins. From now on,
log on to the system only under your personal administrator
user name.
B.2
By default, the system is delivered with a setup that allows all
administrators full access to the system as long as an administrator does not remove these settings, the system is accessible for him.
B.2
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LocalServiceUser
This account usually is set up to have restricted access to
patient data, but full functional privileges for checking and
maintaining the system.
B.2
To allow local service activities, an authorized user gets the
system to generate a temporary service password that automatically expires after a configurable number of days. The
user then gives the password to the service technician, so
that the technician has access to the system under the
LocalServiceUser account.
B.2
By default, this account is assigned both to the built-in group
and role called syngoServiceUsers. It also inherits rights
from the Everyone group and role (like all other accounts). B.2
In the default settings, the syngoServiceUsers group and
role have full access to all data. We therefore recommend
that you as administrator disable the rights for the syngoServiceUsers group and role that are not essential for service
activities.
B.2
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RemoteServiceUser
This account is used for remote service sessions.
B.2
By default, the security system is installed with a RemoteServiceUser account assigned to the group syngoServiceUsers and the role syngoServiceUsers.
B.2
Depending on national and local regulations, remote access
to patient data is prohibited. Keep in mind that the RemoteServiceUserinherits the rights of the Everyone group and
role and the syngoServiceUsers group and role. It is therefore necessary that the data access rights for these groups
and roles do not allow the violation of remote data access.
B.2
Emergency Access
To ensure emergency access to the system at all times, you
should create at least one special user account for common
emergency logon.
B.2
Typically, the emergency user account(s) are assigned to an
Emergency_Access group and assigned the Emergency_Access role, which are already built in by the security
configuration.
B.2
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Depending on national and local regulations and the hospitals security policies, the administrator has to define the correct permissions and privileges of the emergency access.
For example, emergency access should not allow modification, deletion or transfer of data. If this is in accordance with
the security policy, you may think about creating an emergency account without password.
B.2
To make this emergency logon information available for the
users, we suggest to give this information to the desk officer
or deposited in a safe place. Also, the users have to be
informed about the correct usage of this account and the
consequences of abuse.
B.2
Internal Users
B.2
Internal user accounts are essential for the system. They consist of built-in users of the Windows operating system and
syngo MR internal users.
B.2
The symbol user with exclamation mark indicates internal
users.
B.2
NOTE
Although it is possible to change the password of these
internal accounts, we strongly recommend not to modify
any of the internal users.
B.2
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The internal user accounts are:
B.2
BRAdmin: This account is used to back up and restore files

on the computer, regardless of any permissions that protect
those files. Further functions are very restricted.
DICOM_USER: Account for processes using DICOM services.
Guest: Built-in Windows XP account, not to be deleted. For
syngo MR, this account is disabled.
HelpAssistant: Built-in Windows XP account for providing
remote desktop assistance. Usually, this account is disabled.
IUSR_nnn: Account to access the Internet Information Services.
IWAM_nnn: Account for starting the Internet Information Services from process applications.
meduser: Account created by syngo MR to keep system
services running.
PPP: Account created by syngo MR to enable point-to-point
communication used for remote service logon via modem.
SUPPORT_xxx: Built-in Windows XP account for the Help
and Support Service. Usually, this account is disabled.
HP ITO account: Account created by syngo when the System Management is enabled.
OPC_OP: Account created by syngo when the System Management is enabled.
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DICOM Nodes
B.2
For the security system, DICOM network nodes are treated as

virtual user accounts. They are not intended for local logon;
they are required for proper networking (transfer of data).
B.2
The network symbol indicates virtual DICOM users.
B.2
For each DICOM service (AET) that is configured in the Local

Service Software, automatically a corresponding entry is created in the special DICOM Nodes folder of the user management.
B.2
To set up the access rights for data being transferred from and
to the network workstation, you should put each DICOM node
into a user group and assign a role (this effectively assigns the
workstation a user group and role). The relationship between
user groups and patient groups define the permissions on the
data as well as the default patient group, the roles define the
functional privileges of the DICOM nodes.
B.2
Example: You may want to configure the system so that the
workstation AET_HOP01 may query for data of VIP patients,
but the workstation AET_WARD12 has no access. The Patient
Groups configuration in the Data Access Permissions section is the place to configure this.
B.2
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Tracking of User Activities B.2
In syngo MR, the activities of a user are recorded in the audit

trail - including the users identity. According to national regulations, it is not allowed to share user accounts.
B.2
TIP
Recommend the users to use the Log In Different User
function to switch the user quickly at the workstation. B.2
B.2
Multistage Security Setup
B.2
Security in syngo MR has a multistage security concept:
B.2
(1) The user management is the essential basis of all other

security building blocks. It makes user logon mandatory
and ensures user authentication.
(2) The audit trail records all (the defined) actions involving
patient data.
(3) The function execution check ensures that only authorized
users perform actions.
(4) The data access check defines the rights to access patient
data (assembled in patient groups).
Despite of the mandatory user management, any combination
of the options mentioned above is possible. Useful combinations of options are: 1., 1.+3., 1.+2.+3. for PACS or network,
1.+2.+3.+4. for full security management.
B.2
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Preparatory steps
B.2
The following preparatory steps will help you to set up the security system from scratch. Depending on the options selected for
your security system, you do not have to perform all steps: B.2
Get a license for the security system.
Outline the intended user management system with the help
of a drawing similar to the one shown below.
As a basis, outline the intended daily workflow at the system.
For example, consider who can stand in as an acting physician and set up the necessary access rights accordingly. B.2
For basic user management you need user accounts and
groups. When using the functional check too, you also need
to think about the organization of roles.
B.2
For data access check, define data security levels in accordance with the security regulations of your hospital.
In the security configuration, you define patient groups and
assign them to users and groups. For example, Radiology
could be used for data that should only be visible to members
of the radiology department or VIP for patient data that
should only be visible to very few persons, such as the head
physician.
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For each patient group you can later grant groups and
users the permission to have full control or no access to
data that is marked with that patient group. You can also
grant the right to modify the assigned patient group.
Whenever a real user or a virtual DICOM node user
creates new patient data on your system, a patient group
that defines the access rights to the data can be applied.
Registration of new patients or data received from a
DICOM node are the most common ways new data is created.
If studies of a patient are already stored in the local database, the existing patient group assignment is also used
for any additional studies.
After switching the data access check option of the security system on, you will find all of your patient studies in the
STANDARD patient group.
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Develop a matrix that describes the permissions and privileges of the groups, roles and special user accounts.
Verify this model before activating the security system.
B.2
You are also responsible for establishing a proper procedure

for emergency access. Inform your users that they should
contact you or the system administrator in case of problems.
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B.2
CAUTION
Source of danger: Behavior of secured systems.
B.2
Consequence: The hospital's security policy also affects

the behavior of the syngo MR system in certain cases (for
example, password requirements, enabled empty
passwords, or locking of an account after a specific number
of failed logins).
B.2
Remedy:
B.2
Establish a user model for your hospital and verify it

before the security system is activated.
Establish a proper procedure for emergency access.
Note that if you enable an empty password for the emergency account, this is enabled for all other users as well.
Nevertheless, instruct the users to use good passwords.
Always back up your system before enabling the security system and before any major changes.
Inform all your users about any changes and settings.
They should contact you or any other administrator
immediately in case of problems.
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Workflow for the configuration of the security

system
B.2
B.2
NOTE
You have to set up the security system on every syngo MR
workstation in your hospital except for satellite consoles,
which take the security settings from their main console. B.2
B.2
NOTE
In any case, the security system should never be configured
during an acquisition
B.2
Once the security system has been enabled, access to the

computer is possible only after the user has logged on and has
been authorized. This requires that the security system must be
configured immediately after its activation. At least, the following must be done:
B.2
Proceed as follows:
B.2
Backup of the system.

Page B.47
Log on under the default Administrator account and open
the syngo MR Security Configuration console.
Page B.222
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Create user accounts for every user who will work with the
workstation. Do not forget to create at least one user account
that is intended to stand in as both an administrator and
security administrator.
Page B.225
Please check the personal administrator account(s) intensively to make sure they work properly. After finishing and
testing the security configuration, we recommend to disable
the built-in Administrator or to set an individual password
for it.
Page B.41
Create the groups and roles of your user model. Add the corresponding users to those groups and roles. Do not forget to
assign the user account(s) intended as administrator both to
the groups and roles Administrators and SecurityAdmins.
Page B.235
Create patient groups to define the various data access
rights (= permissions). Assign them the desired user groups
and set up the default patient group. If necessary, you can
also set individual permissions at user level.
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Restrict the permissions of the Everyone group according

to your strategy.
Page B.15
For all roles, define the privileges for the function execution
rights. If necessary, you can also set individual privileges at
user level.
Page B.263
Restrict the privileges of the Everyone role according to
your strategy and check for effective privileges that are
inherited from the various roles assigned and from the
Everyone role.
Page B.15
Make sure that there is at least one full privileged user
account (fall-back user).
Configure the audit trail.
Page B.271
To avoid loss of configuration data, the system must be
backed up again.
Page B.47
After setup, you must check the security configuration on
your real-world workflow carefully.
We recommend to log on as any user type defined and to
check the execution of all functions for inconsistencies.
B.2
Inform every user about their account, the emergency
account and any relevant passwords.
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Securing the System
B.2
By activating the syngo MR security system, the customer service technician turns your system into a system with high data
protection level. The service technician needs the appropriate
service key for service level 7.
B.2
Normally, the security system is not activated during the system
installation. To secure your system, you will have to instruct a
service technician as to which security options you want to be
enabled.
B.2
B.2
CAUTION
Source of danger: There is no undo!
B.2
Consequence: After activating the security system, access

is limited to only the defined users. Once the security
system is activated, it is not possible to deactivate it
(instead, you would have to re-install the complete syngo
MR system on the computer from scratch).
B.2
Remedy: Make sure you have read and completed all
preparatory steps. Back up your system before activating
the security system.
B.2
Log on under a service account and choose the Options >

Service > Local Service menu item from any task card.
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After authorization, the Service Software window opens:
B.2
In the Configuration section, go to the Security settings

page.
Select the Local security features that you want to activate:
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User management
Activates user management which is the basis for all other security options. When
activating any other security option, the user management will also be switched on
automatically.
Data access check
Access to data is always provided in accordance with the current permissions. If this
check box is not selected, you cannot restrict any data access rights.
Functional check
Access to functions is always provided in accordance with the privileges granted to a user
role. If this check box is not selected, you cannot restrict the use of functions.
Auditing
Access to the system and configured actions are recorded in an audit trail.
If the workstation is connected to a network, select the
Enable trusted host functionality check box to establish a
secure system to your network partners and services.
Only trusted hosts will answer queries or allow data transfer.
B.2
To enhance the security of the remote service access to your

computer, select the SSL encryption check box.
Selecting this option enables the secure HTTPS protocol, which
uses the SSL (Secure Socket Layer) protocol for authentication
and data encryption.
B.2
To confirm, click Save and Finish in the status bar of the window.
End the service session and log off.
After a restart of the system, only authenticated and authorized
persons can use the workstation.
B.2
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Opening the Security

Configuration Console
B.2
You need Administrator and SecurityAdmin rights to configure the security system.
B.2
Log on as administrator or as a user with administrative.
Page B.35
From any task card, choose the Options > Security Configuration menu item.
After authorization, the syngo MR Security Configuration
console is displayed.
B.2
By clicking an item in the tree view on the left-hand side, you
display the various pages for set-up.
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B.2
TIP
Use the Show/Hide Console Tree icon if the tree view
does not appear after start-up.
B.2
Security Configuration is intended for one security administrator only.

User Management for managing user, groups and roles with
the following sub-folders:
Users for creating and setting up user accounts
Internal Users for checking built-in and internal system
accounts
DICOM Nodes for checking those accounts that are automatically created for all configured network partners
Groups for managing the user groups and the group
members
Roles for managing the roles and their owners
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Security Management with:

Data Access Permissions for defining the access rights
to any data
Functional Privileges for defining the function execution
rights based on the users/roles view
On the right-hand side, you see the settings page that has been
selected on the left-hand side.
B.2
B.2
TIP
The items to be recorded in the audit trail are configured in
the Audit Trail Viewer Console ( Page B.288) and
storing parameters are set up in the Audit Trail
Configuration dialog box ( Page B.277).
B.2
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Configuration of user accounts

User Accounts
B.2
B.2
For every user who will work with the system, create a user
account and assign a password.
B.2
A user account that is no longer required, can be disabled or
deleted (for example, if the user quits).
B.2
B.2
NOTE
Always work in the syngo MR Security Configuration,
never use the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) to
create or to manage user accounts. syngo MR expands the
Windows-related security system by a data security
management and distinguishes between groups and
roles.
B.2
Note that the syngo MR security system only makes use of

some fundamental levels of security granted to users by the
Windows operating system. Moreover, the syngo MR security
system has its own security concept.
B.2
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Special User Accounts
B.2
The security system comes with some default and some internal user accounts, and automatically generates DICOM Node
user accounts.
B.2
Default users are delivered with the software and contain, for
example, the Administrator, the LocalServiceUser and the
RemoteServiceUser.
All internal users are essential for the system and indicated
as such. We strongly recommend not changing the passwords of these users.
DICOM nodes are required for remote network functions.
They are created as soon as you configure the DICOM services (AET). You can only change the password and the
group assignment of these users.
For a detailed list of the internal user accounts see
Page B.22.
B.2
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Handling of Passwords
B.2
The password of a user in syngo MR never expires, but the

users are allowed to change their passwords on their own
(depending on your security policy).
B.2
You can assign a user a new password at any time.
B.2
B.2
CAUTION
Source of danger: User access may be prevented due to
forgotten or unknown accounts or passwords, or wrong
setup (for example, in case of an emergency).
B.2
Consequence: Inaccessible system.
B.2
Remedy: Do not forget to define a general user account for

emergency access and assign it to a group and a role both
called "EmergencyAccess".
B.2
Regardless as to whether you specify a password for the
emergency account or not, users shall be prohibited from
changing any passwords (especially for the emergency
account).
B.2
The users shall contact you immediately in case of
problems.
Creating a new User

Account
B.2
B.2
One basic task for configuration is the creation of the necessary

user accounts. A number of general user accounts come preinstalled with the system.
B.2
It is not possible to rename a user account. If you mistype it
here, delete the account and create a new one.
B.2
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B.2
NOTE
Misuse of the emergency account defeats the security
system!
B.2
Patient data acquired and processed during emergency

access is logged in the audit trail as belonging to the
emergency account. As a result, the identity of the user
involved cannot subsequently be determined. The
ownership of any data recorded this way must be altered
and the data newly assigned.
B.2
Ensure that all users have been properly informed about the
use of the emergency access account and the use of the
password. Misuse of the account is illegal!
B.2
Open the syngo MR Security Configuration console.

Page B.222
B.2
In the tree on the left-hand side, open the User Management folder.
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Right-click the Users folder and choose New > User from
the context menu.
Or
B.2
Select the Users folder and choose the Action > New >
User menu item.
The User tab card is displayed:
B.2
Enter the desired user information.
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Name
Name of the user account (= logon name). Note, that the name has to be unique within
the system. The user name is not case sensitive. Only alphanumeric characters are
allowed.
Full name
Information that helps to identify the user, for example, first, second name and title of the
user.
Description
Further information about the user (for example, his/her department).
New Password
The password that has to be entered by the user in order to log on to a workstation. The
password is case sensitive.
Confirm Password
For validation purposes, the password has to be entered a second time.

According to the hospitals security policies, users in syngo may be allowed to change
passwords on their own.
Account is disabled
If selected, the user account is set up but the user cannot log onto the system. You may
use this option, for example, for users who are off-site for some time.
Password never
expires
This option is selected by default and cannot be changed: The users password does not
expire regularly (for example, this setting is important for the EmergencyAccess account).
User cannot change

password
If selected, the user cannot change the password on their own. For the
EmergencyAccess, we strongly recommend to disable the change of password.
To store, click Apply and continue to create other user
accounts.
Or
B.2
Click OK to store and close the dialog box.

After OK, the list of current users appears.
B.2
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Selecting a User Account

for Editing
To select a user account for editing:

B.2
B.2

Page B.222
On the left-hand side, open the User Management folder.
Click the Users folder.
All available user accounts are displayed on the right-hand side.
You can identify the users by the information in the Name, Full
Name and Description columns.
B.2
To edit a user account, double-click the entry on the righthand side.
Modifying a User Account

and Passwords
B.2
You can change the account properties or enable/disable an

account. Also it is possible to change the password for normal
users and DICOM Nodes.
B.2
B.2
NOTE
We strongly recommend not to change passwords of any
internal user accounts, otherwise important system
services may no longer work properly.
B.2
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It is not possible to rename an account, because if a user has

already worked with this account, some data objects may exist
with the data security level inherited from this user. To correct
mistakes, delete and create the account instead.
B.2
Double-click the desired user account.
The User tab card is displayed with the current properties for
B.2
this user account.
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On the User tab card, you can change the Full Name and
the Description of the user account.
To change a password, type the desired password into the
New Password field and repeat it in the Confirm Password
field.
To disable/enable the account, select/clear the Account is
disabled check box.
To prevent users from changing their password, select the
User cannot change password check box.
The Member of tab card lists all groups (for data access) this
user is assigned to.
B.2
The Owner of tab card lists all roles (for use cases or functional
privileges) this user owns.
B.2
Click Apply to save the settings.
Or
B.2
Click OK to save and close the dialog box.

To configure another account, you must close the dialog box.
B.2
This opens the list of all user accounts.
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Deleting a User Account
B.2
You can delete user accounts that are no longer needed.
B.2
B.2
NOTE
For reason of system integrity, it is not possible to delete
internal users, DICOM nodes, and special users.
B.2
Right-click the desired user account and choose Delete from

the context menu.
Or
B.2
Select the desired user account and choose the Action >
Delete menu item.
Confirm the security notice with Yes.
The user account is deleted.
B.2
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Configuration of groups and roles

About Groups and Roles
B.2
B.2
The syngo MR security system makes use of users, groups

and roles.
B.2
Groups are used to configure the same data access rights for
a group of people (for example, everyone who works in a particular ward).
We recommend that you create a user group for every team
or department of your user model. Then you assign the user
accounts that belong to that group.
Roles are used to configure the same function execution
privileges for people with similar tasks (for example, physicians, nurses, or assistants).
You then assign the user accounts that will own that role.
Built-in Groups and Roles B.2
By default, some general groups and roles are already

installed. They are created automatically when you install the
Windows operating system and syngo MR. These groups and
roles are named identically:
B.2
Emergency_Access
SecurityAdmins
syngoServiceUsers
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No Group Hierarchies
B.2
Note that you cannot plan sub-groups (groups-in-groups), such

as Hospital for hospital-wide permissions and Neurology for
defining permissions for people working in the neurology
department of the hospital.
B.2
Configuration Levels
B.2
The security configuration provides you two different ways to

assign group members and owners of roles. Which one you
prefer depends on your interest; it is often useful to switch
between both:
B.2
Starting at the Users level easily provides a good overview
about the current memberships of the user and lets you easily pick the desired groups or roles for this user.
Starting at Groups or Roles level gives you a good overview
of which users have already been assigned to the group or
role under configuration.
Creating a new Group or

Role
B.2
Because groups and roles handled almost identically, their handling is described here together.
B.2
Take a look at your outline from the preparatory steps to create
the groups and roles.
B.2
It is not possible to create groups in groups or sub-roles to set
up a hierarchy of rules and rights.
B.2
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To create a new group or role:
B.2

Page B.222
On the left-hand side, open the User Management folder.
Right-click the Groups or the Roles folder and choose
New > Group or New > Role from the context menu.
Or
B.2
Select the Groups or the Roles folder and choose the

Action > New menu item.
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The Group respectively the Role tab card is displayed:
B.2
Enter a Name and a Description that helps to identify the

group or role.
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B.2
NOTE
The name has to be unique within the system. The name is
case sensitive. Special characters such as " / \\\\\\\\
[ ] : ; | = , + * ? < > are not allowed.
B.2
Click Apply to save.

For group configuration, click the Members tab to add Users
to the group.
Or
B.2
For role configuration, click the Owners tab to assign Users

the role.
All available user accounts are displayed on the right-hand side,
all already assigned users are placed on the left-hand side. B.2
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This symbol indicates normal user accounts.

B.2
This symbol indicates internal users.

B.2
This symbol indicates accounts for DICOM nodes in the network. To restrict the remote data access to your workstation,
you should also assign these nodes to groups and roles.
B.2
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At the Available list (on the right-hand side), double-click the

user, or select the user(s) you want to assign and click [ << ].
All already assigned users are listed in the Assigned list.
To resolve an assignment, select the user on the left-hand
side and click [ >> ] or double-click a user.
Click Apply to store.
Or
B.2
Click OK when you are finished.

After OK, the group or role is stored and the list of groups or
roles appears.
B.2
B.2
NOTE
Because you cannot rename groups or roles, you must
instead delete them and recreate them.
B.2
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Selecting a Group or Role

for Editing
To select a group or role for editing:

B.2
B.2

Page B.222
In the tree on the left-hand side, open the User Management item.
Select the Groups or the Roles item.
All available groups or roles are listed on the right-hand side. B.2
Double-click an entry to edit it.
Adding or Removing Group

Members or Role Owners B.2
To add or remove group members or role owners:
B.2
Double-click the desired group or role in the tree on the righthand side.
The Group respectively the Role tab card is displayed.
B.2
If desired, you can modify the Description.

On the Members or Owners tab card, use the add [ << ] and
remove [ >> ] buttons to update the users group or role.
Page B.236
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Deleting a Group or Role
B.2
To delete a group/role:
B.2
Right-click the desired group or role and choose Delete from

the context menu.
Or
B.2
Select the desired group or role and choose the Action >
Delete menu item.
Confirm the security notice with OK.
The group account is deleted; all members lose the corresponding privileges/rights.
B.2
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Access control
B.2
Access control in syngo MR security system consist of permissions (which users and user groups are allowed to access a
certain data set) and functional privileges (which user or roles
are allowed to execute a certain program module or function). B.2
B.2
NOTE
The different security levels applied to application functions
and patient data in the context of the clinical workflow are
normally defined in the hospitals security policy.
B.2
Privileges
B.2
A privilege is the right to use a specific syngo MR function, for

instance, sending data or invoking the Patient Registration.
B.2
Patient Group
Permissions
Patient group permissions regulate the access to data:

B.2
B.2
You define a list of patient groups according to the data security policy of your hospital. For example, create a patient
group Radiology for data that should only be visible to
members of the radiology department, or VIP for patient
data that should only be visible to very few persons, such as
the head physician.
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For each patient group, you can grant users and groups the
permission to access data that is assigned to this group. B.2
You can set permissions for the following types of access:
B.2
No Access: The user will have absolutely no access to the

data of this patient group.
B.2
Full Control: The user has access to the data, and can work
with it according to his/her role. In general, the user can: B.2
create data objects, like studies or series
read data, for example, load it into the Viewer
update or modify data, for example, draw annotations on
images or correct the patients name
delete data
execute changes to the security levels applying to certain
data, for example, to hide the data of VIP patients from
some doctors on the ward
Permissions can be set at the patient or study level. Series
and images inherit their permissions from the study they
belong to.
B.2
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A newly created patient entry or study is automatically

assigned a patient group. Basically, this is the one that has
been assigned as default to the user (or to the group the user
belongs to). To be more precise:
If a user registers a new patient, this patient is first
assigned to the default patient group.
If a user registers a new study of a known patient, the previously assigned patient groups are taken over.
If your system receives studies from a DICOM node and
the patient is not known at your system, the default patient
group of the DICOM node is assigned.
If your system receives studies of a known patient, the
previously assigned patient groups are taken over.
During Patient Registration and in the Patient Browser you
can modify the assignment of patient groups.
B.2
NOTE
To reduce your configuration efforts, define permissions on
group level and privileges on role level whenever possible.B.2
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Example
B.2
Example: Doctor Stern wants to send a study of the patient Mr.

Smith to the archive. To do so, he needs the permission to
access Mr. Smith study and he needs the privilege to send data
to the archive.
B.2
B.2
Inheritance of Permissions
and Privileges
B.2
The Everyone group is the top level of inheritance. The permissions set for the Everyone group are transferred to all
groups of your security system. The same rule applies to the
Everyone role.
B.2
Typically, a user belongs to at least one group and one role. But
you can also assign a user to more than one group or role. B.2
B.2
NOTE
Keep in mind that user rights are inherited. It is not possible
to assign someone function execution rights for a specific
group.
B.2
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The security system follows an inheritance strategy: Any right

granted on group or role level is inherited by all members.
B.2
In the configuration user interface, this effect is indicated by the
display of Effective rights.
B.2
It is not possible to deny rights that the user inherited from a
group or role.
It is possible to grant additional permissions and privileges
for single users. This way you expand the permissions and
privileges that have been defined for the group or role.
Because of the heredity rules, it is very important to check
and restrict the rights of the Everyone group and role.
The final decision as to whether a user will be granted an execution privilege or a permission depends on the inheritance
hierarchy of roles and groups to which the user belongs.
B.2
Managing Patient Groups

for Data Protection
Data Protections
B.2
B.2
The permissions (data access rights) are configured on the

basis of patient groups. All data assigned to the same patient
group has the same protection attribute.
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You can create patient groups as desired according to your

security concept and workflow, but syngo MR delivers some
patient groups for data protection by default:
B.2
The STANDARD patient group is a built-in group. It cannot
be deleted, because it is used as a fall-back protection for
otherwise unprotected data. The patient group is internally
assigned to any data object that has not been explicitly
assigned a protection (for example, a user without default
protection created a new patient entry). Also any data that
"loses" its patient group is also assigned to this group.
Any user concerned with the import of data from storage
disks should have Full Control access to the STANDARD
patient group.
The Emergency patient group can be used to protect data
from emergency acquisition.
The Service patient group is used to prohibit common
access to the internal Service Patient.
The LOST&FOUND patient group collects all studies that
had been assigned to unknown or to undefined patient
groups. Using this patient group, you can configure permission on this type of data. At least one user must have Full
Control access.
Whenever a user registers a new study, a default data security
level is applied to that data. You can configure the default data
security level either for groups or for individual users.
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Different views on the Data Access Permissions are available

(based on the same configuration data):
B.2
The by User/Group View allows selecting a single user or
group and setting the rights on the various patient groups.
The by Patient Groups View allows selecting a single
patient group and setting the various user or group access
rights.
Special Configuration Issues
B.2
Before modifying any security settings, it is important to take

some special configurations into consideration:
B.2
Follow a strategy regarding the Everyone group. Check the
effective permissions. These are inherited from the various
groups, including the top level "Everyone" group.
Page B.15
We recommend to allow the administrator group or account
Full Control to the Lost&Found patient group.
Please ensure that at least one Administrator or user with
administrative rights has access to each patient group. (Do
not configure No Access for all patient groups.)
We recommend to allow the Everyone group Full Control
to the STANDARD patient group
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Creating and Managing

Patient Groups
To create a new patient group for data protection:

B.2
B.2

Page B.222
In the tree on the left-hand side, open the Security Management and the Data Access Permissions item.
Right-click the Patient Groups item and choose New >
Patient Group from the context menu.
Or
B.2
Select the Patient Groups item and choose the Action >
New > Patient Group menu item.
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The properties page for patient groups is displayed:
B.2
Enter a Full name and a Description to identify the patient

group later easily.
Enter a text that describes the security level, for example:
used to control access to data of the radiology department.
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To allow a service technician access to any patient data protected by this patient group, select the Grant read access
for syngoServiceUsers in service sessions check box.
Click Apply to save the settings.
Or
B.2
Click OK to save and return to the list of existing patient

groups.
You are able to create additional patient groups only after clicking OK.
B.2
To delete a patient group:
B.2
Right-click a patient group in the list and choose Delete from

the context menu.
The local database is checked for data objects that are
assigned to this patient group. If any are found, it is not possible
to delete this patient group. If it is allowed, a confirmation message appears.
B.2
Click Yes to confirm the deletion.
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Opening the Data

Permission Setup
To access the setup of data permissions on patient groups:

B.2
B.2

Page B.222
In the tree on the left-hand side, open the Security Management and the Data Access Permissions item.
Click the by User/Groups item.
Or
B.2
Click the by Patient Groups item.

It depends on your preferred workflow which view you choose
to work in. For configuration, it is quite common to switch
between both views to identify all dependencies and set up the
permissions accordingly.
B.2
At the top of the configuration page, the selection list displays
the user/group respectively the patient group to be configured. B.2
In the by Users/Groups view, the table lists all available patient
groups and the permissions for the element selected at the top.B.2
In the by Patient Groups view, the table lists all users and
groups, and the permissions on the patient group selected at
the top of the page.
B.2
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Setting up Permissions in
the Users View
To set up the data access permissions for patient groups:

B.2
B.2
In the tree-view, click the by User/Groups item.
At the top of the dialog box, select the level you want to set
up for the available patient groups:
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Everyone
Shows the permissions for the special group Everyone. This is the top level for the rights
inheritance on all other groups and all users. This group is one reason that the effective
permissions often differ from the setup permission. The permissions in this group should
be the minimum permissions of all users.
Groups
Shows the permissions at the group level. This allows you to set up group access rights
one after the other.
Users
Shows the permissions at the user level. This allows you to set up individual access
rights. Note that users inherit their permissions from the Everyone group and from their
group memberships.
Select an item from the list according to the specified content

type (for example, a user group).
This symbol indicates that the list item represents a group.
B.2
This symbol indicates that the list item represents a single user
account.
B.2
This symbol indicates that the list item represents DICOM
Nodes (AETs for networked DICOM services, but handled like
users).
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After your selection, each table row represents a patient group.

The columns show the current permissions for the selected
user or group onto the patient groups.
Page B.251
B.2
B.2
NOTE
To modify an existing configuration or to reduce the amount
of displayed groups and users, you can select the List only
objects with permissions assigned check box.
B.2
In the Permission column, double-click and select the

desired access rights for the corresponding patient group:
No Access
Prohibits any access to the data stored in this patient group. The data will not be visible
to the user or group.
Full Control
Allows all actions to the data assigned with this patient group: create, read, update,
delete, and execute change protection.
Check the Eff. Permission column to see which access
rights actually become valid.
The deviation may originate from a different configuration at
Everyone and normal user group level, or from a membership
in two or more different user groups, etc.
B.2
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To set the default data protection:
B.2
Whenever a user of the group under configuration creates a

new data object, by default the set of data protections configured here is applied to that data.
B.2
In the by User/Groups page, select an item from the top list.
You can configure the default protections for groups and users
here, so that it is possible to set up the default protection for
each user individually.
B.2
Select the Default check box for those patient groups you
want to assign by default to the user or group.
Check the Eff. Default column to see which default protection attributes are actually become true.
Again, the deviation may originate from a different configuration
on user and group level, or from a membership in different user
groups, etc.
B.2
To save the protection, click Apply.

Or
B.2
Click OK to save and close the page.
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Setting up Permissions in
the Patient Groups View
B.2
To define a new set of default data protections for a group or

user:
B.2
Display the by Patient Groups page.
Page B.251
From the Patient Groups list, select the patient group you
want to configure.
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The table shows the permission configuration for this patient

group. Each line represents a user or a user group.
B.2
B.2
TIP
To modify an existing configuration or to reduce the amount
of displayed groups and users, you can select the List only
objects with permissions assigned check box.
B.2
Below the Patient Groups list, select the type of objects you
want to set up for the selected patient group:
Everyone
Shows the permissions for the special group Everyone. This is the top level for the rights
inheritance on all other groups and all users. This group is one reason that the effective
permissions and the effective default differ from the permission set up for users or groups.
Groups
Shows the permissions at the user group level. This allows you to set up group access
rights one after the other.
Users
Shows the permissions at the user level, so that you can set up individual data access
rights.
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After your selection, the table shows the permissions the various users or user groups have for the selected patient group.
Each table row represents a single user or user group:
B.2
This symbol indicates that the row belongs to a user group.
B.2
This symbol indicates that the row represents a single user

account.
B.2
This symbol indicates that the row belongs to an auto-generated user account for a DICOM AET service in the network.
B.2
In the Permission column, select the desired access rights:
No Access
Prohibits any access to the data stored in this patient group.
Full Control
Allows all actions to the data stored in the patient group: create, read, update, delete, and
execute change protection.
B.2
Check the Eff. Permission column to see which access

rights are actually become valid.
The deviation may originate from a different configuration on
Everyone, user and group level, or from a membership in two or
more different user groups, etc.
B.2
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To set the default data protection:
B.2
Whenever a user or group displayed in the permission table creates a new data object, by default the set of data protections
configured here is applied to that data.
B.2
You can configure the default protections for groups and users
here, so that it is possible to specify a default protection for each
user individually.
B.2
Select the check box Default for those user groups you want
to assign the selected patient group as default.
Check the Eff. Default column to see which default protection attributes are actually become true.
The deviation may originate from a different configuration on
user and group level, or from a membership in different user
groups, etc.
B.2
To save the protection settings, click Apply.

Or
B.2
Click OK to save the settings and close the page.
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Setting up the Privileges

for a Role or a User
B.2
Privileges allow a user to execute syngo MR functions, such as

sending data over network or invoking the patient registration. B.2
The privileges set for a role a user belongs to override the privileges explicitly set for the user.
B.2
B.2
NOTE
For the emergency role and user, we strongly recommend
not to grant any functional privileges that allow deletion or
export of patient data.
B.2

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In the tree on the left-hand side, open the Security Management and the Functional Privileges items.
Select the by User/Role item.
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The Privileges of... page is displayed, with the side tabs corresponding to the various syngo MR modules installed at your
system:
B.2
At the top of the dialog box, select the level of objects you
want to configure:
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Everyone
Shows the privileges at the Everyone level. This are the basic functional rights for all
roles and users.
Roles
Shows the privileges at the role level. This allows you to set up privileges for all members
of a role.
User
Shows the privileges at the user level. This allows you to set up the individual privileges.
B.2
Select the desired user or role from the Privileges of list.
This symbol indicates that the list item is a single user account.
B.2
This symbol indicates that the list item is an auto-generated

user account for a DICOM AET service in the network.
B.2
This symbol indicates that the list item is a role.

B.2
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The explicit privileges for the selected item are marked in the
selection table.
B.2
Every syngo MR application is represented by a separate side
tab, for example, PatBrowser for the Patient Browser. syngo
MR provides the tabs as described below, but during installation
at your modality site, further module tabs are added.
B.2
B.2
NOTE
Please remember that the configuration of a user is also
influenced by the configuration of the role a user is
assigned.
B.2
Click the application tab with the functions you want to allow
or restrict for users or roles.
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B.2
NOTE
Use the double arrow at the bottom of the page to see
further application tabs.
B.2
Select the check boxes on the page to set the privileges as

desired.
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Archive allows to store data on storage disks or in the central network archive server.
Export allows to export data on disks or to the file system. Send allows to send data to
other network nodes. The Query/Retrieve functionality is not protected but restricted to
trusted hosts.
AuditTrail
Archive allows to invoke the Audit Trail Archiving dialog box and the Audit Trail Archiving
Settings. Only users with this privilege are able to use the according menu items.
SetFilter allows to open the audit trail management and configure (filter) the events to be
logged in the audit trail. View allows to view logs. The privileges are intended for
administrators or experienced and instructed users. We recommend not to assign these
privileges to the emergency role or user.
Correct&Rearrange
Correct allows to change any patient and study data. History allows to open a dialog box
for the history of changes on the data. Rearrange allows to drag data objects in the
Patient Browser.
Filming
Expose allows to expose film tasks or single film sheets on a camera or to print them.
PatientBrowser
Delete allows to delete data objects in the Patient Browser. ModifyPatientGroups allows
to change the patient group assigned to data (and change this way the permissions on
data access). SetStateComplete allows to set this work status on data objects.
SetStateRead allows to set this work status.SetStateVerified allows to set this work
status.
Patient
Registration
InvokeRegistration allows to open the registration form and perform registration.
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SecuritySystem
All these privileges are important for security administrators. BypassBlockedSystem

allows logging on to a system even if the security system is blocked. At least one
administrator must have this privilege. It is also useful to grant the AuditTrail - Archive
and the SetMode privilege. Configuration_Read allows access to the security
configuration for viewing only.Configuration_ReadWrite: With this privilege, you are
able to change and store the security configuration. You also need the Configuration
privilege to do so. DesktopAccess allows to access the desktop of the Windows
operating system with the help of short cutkeys (Windows key or CTRL +ESC).
EnableServiceAccount allows to create a temporary password for the service
technician ServiceUser. InteractiveLogin allows to log on to the system to have
desktop access. We recommend to set this privilege on Everyone level for all users.
SetMode allows a user to change the security system mode. This privilege is needed for
activating security options in the Local Service Software and for bypassing a blocked
system. At least one SecurityAdmin must have this right.
UserAutoStart
AllUsers allows to automatically start processes or components for all users.

SecurityConfigurationConsole is an internal privilege.
A check mark indicates that this function is allowed to the role
or user selected on top of the page.
B.2
An asterisk * indicates that the changed setup on this page or
item is not saved yet.
B.2
To save the settings, click Apply.

Or
B.2
Click OK to save and close the page.
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Use of the Screen Saver
B.2
Screen Saver
B.2
You can configure a syngo MR screen saver. The screen saver

locks the workstation if there has been no mouse or keyboard
activity within a certain period.
B.2
To unlock the workstation, the user has to enter the account
name and the password in the Computer locked dialog box,
which will automatically appear when the mouse is moved. B.2
The screen saver has the same effect as the Lock Computer
function. If a user logs on to a workstation again, he finds the
workstation exactly as he/she has left it. If another user logs on,
depending on the permissions, the data is closed (and unsaved
changes are lost).
B.2
Configuration
B.2
The screen saver is automatically enabled during system installation.

B.2
Use the Screen Saver configuration in the syngo MR - Configuration Panel to configure the inactivity period (time-out)
before activation.
B.2
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Audit trail and log files

Audit Trail and Log Files
B.2
B.2
The syngo MR security system has an audit trail for recording

the following actions:
B.2
All user activities on sensitive data
All logins (and unsuccessful login attempts)
System shut downs, system restarts and similar events
By reviewing the audit trail, all security relevant transactions can
be reconstructed.
B.2
The audit trail consists of several log files, where only one log
file is open at any one time. A new log file is created whenever
the current log file is closed. This occurs, for example, at syngo
MR startup. A new log file is also created at system restart after
a power failure.
B.2
As soon as a log file reaches a certain size, it is closed. Closing
the file automatically creates a new one.
B.2
Naming of Log Files
B.2
To keep the files in the correct order, a number is appended to

the file name, which is incremented with each new file:
B.2
file name = <host name>_<date of creation>_<Time of creation>_<incremented number>
B.2
Example: csant42_2002-04-14_10-47-28_1.xml
B.2
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B.2
Authorized users (such as administrators) can set up the audit

trail and view, store and delete stored audit trail log files. The
files are protected against manual manipulation.
B.2
Configuration
B.2
To configure the audit trail, you need to define general security

parameters, such as the trail's location and size, as well as any
transactions that are to be recorded.
B.2
The setup of the audit trail consists of two different parts (and
two different configuration dialog boxes):
B.2
Parameters for location, size and warning level as well as
storage parameters are set up in the Audit Trail Settings
dialog box.
Events to be recorded in the audit trail are specified in the
Audit Trail Management console.
Because the size of the audit trail increases by time, syngo MR
provides the Audit Trail Archiving dialog box to store log files
and to delete them subsequently.
B.2
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B.2
NOTE
You have to store the audit trail at regular intervals. Failure
to do this will cause the audit trail to fill up the disk partition,
causing the system to block until the audit trail has been
stored and removed.
B.2
Please ensure that stored audit files are kept according to
national and local regulations.
B.2
B.2
NOTE
The system informs the users when the size of the audit trail
exceeds the specified warning levels. It issues low level and
high level warnings by displaying colored icons in the status
bar. Any user recognizing the warning should inform the
system administrator immediately for storing the audit trail.B.2
Additionally, the resource monitor keeps track of storage capacity and memory size.
B.2
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Time synchronization
B.2
Time stamps for log file entries have to be consistent within all
log files in the audit trail. Therefore, time synchronization
between all system components is very important.
B.2
If you use a network of syngo MR systems, you can establish
a special NTP (Network Time Protocol) that ensures a synchronized time all over the network system. Ask the service technician to connect syngo MR to this.
B.2
B.2
NOTE
You carry the responsibility for maintaining the time server.
Ensure that you set the correct time, otherwise your service
licence may become outdated. This is because the license
manager only accepts a jitter of 24 hours. When the service
licence becomes invalid, the system must be completely
reinstalled.
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Opening the configuration for audit trail

storing
B.2
A user needs the Audit Trail > Archive privilege to configure

the storing and settings of the audit trail.
B.2
Log on as administrator.
Page B.35
From any task card, choose the Options > Configuration
menu item.
The Configuration Panel appears.
B.2
Double-click the Audit Trail Configuration icon.

The Audit Trail Settings dialog box appears for a guided configuration of the audit trail. Depending on the archive target
selection (on the second page) you are guided through. Configuration pages for non-selected storage options are omitted.
Nevertheless, all configuration pages are described in the following.
B.2
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At full, the dialog box provides the following setting pages:
B.2
Local Audit Trail Setup summarizes the current settings

and allows to start the guided configuration.
Select archive target for selecting the device or the location
where the audit trail is stored to. According to your selection
here you have to use the corresponding configuration tab
and the Audit Trail tab.
CD-R for setting up the CD write parameters (session type
and burn speed).
Network Share for defining the node and path for storing in
the network.
You need to know the user name and password of the person
intended to store the audit trail and the share name of the
network folder.
Audit Trail for setting up size and path parameters of the
audit trail, as well as warning levels.
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Configuring the storage of the audit trail
B.2
To define the parameters for the storing of the audit trail and the
common properties:
B.2
Open the Audit Trail Settings dialog box.
The Local Audit Trail Setup page appears. It summarizes the
B.2
current settings.
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You can check the settings:
B.2
B.2
Local Audit Trail
This section displays the current settings for storing the logs of the audit trail.
Disk quota checks
This section displays the warning levels.
Audit Trail archive

target
This section displays the current storage settings.
Click the Setup button to start the configuration.

The Select Target page appears. On this page, you only select
B.2
the type of drive or the (computer) node for storing.
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Select where the log files of the audit trail are to be stored:
CD-R drive
Selects the CD-R writer of your system for storing the audit trail. After clicking Next, you
will be guided to the CD-R page to set up the parameters.
Network Share
Defines that the audit trail is to be stored on a shared folder in the network. After clicking
Next, you will be guided to the Network Share page to set up the parameters.
B.2
B.2
Click the Next button to continue.

Or
B.2
B.2
Click Back to return to the previous page.

B.2
Depending on your selection, the according page for entering

the storage parameters appears.
B.2
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If you selected the CD-R option, the following page appears

for configuration:
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Select the Session Type:
Single Session
Specifies that a CD-R is written once and then closed. You cannot use it for further
storing.
Multi Session
Specifies that you can store on a CD-R several times (until its capacity is full).
Finalize
Select this check box to close a multi session CD-R.

B.2
Set up the drive and speed parameters.
Drive Letter
Select the drive letter of the CD Recorder. Use the same drive letter as for storing
patient data on CD-R.
Burning Speed
Select the speed the recorder is able to write data to CD-R. Example: Storing 200 MB
at 4x speed takes about 5 min.
Click Next to set up the common parameters of the audit trail.
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To set up the network

share for storing
B.2
You need the server share name (not letter) and path to set up
the Network Share option. We recommend to use the Windows Explorer to check the connection.
B.2
If you have enabled the Network Share option in the Select
archive target page, the following page appears for configuration.
B.2
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Enter the parameters:
User name
Enter the user name for logging to the network shared folder. This user must be
allowed to write the audit trail log files at the network node. Note that this user name
can derive from the local user name that is allowed to start the audit trail storing (and
has to have at least the AuditTrail > Archive privilege).
Domain
Enter either the workstation's domain or local computer name here.
Password
Enter the password for the logon.
Share name
Enter the server name and the path. Use the UNC convention to enter server name
and path (you cannot use drive letters).
Test
Click the Test button to check if the folder is available in the network.
B.2
NOTE
The syntax for a share name is:
\\servername\sharename\[folder]:
B.2
Example: \\deeparchive\archaudit_ws12\at2002
B.2
Make sure that the specified folder exists, and that it can be
written to.
B.2
Click Next to set up the common parameters of the audit trail.
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To set up the common

parameters of the
audit trail
B.2
After clicking the Next button on any of the configuration

pages of the Audit Trail Settings dialog box, you reach the
Audit Trail page.
B.2
Enter the parameters to set up the path and size of the audit
trail as well as the warning levels.
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B.2
AuditTrail Directory
Enter the path for the folder in which the log files of the audit trail are stored. If the
path does not exist, the system creates it automatically. We recommend to use the
default path: %medhome%\log\Auditing. Keep in mind that the audit trail has to be
protected from normal users.
max. Size [KBytes]
Enter or select the size of the audit trail. Default size is 1024 kBytes (=1 MByte).
When a log file reaches this size, it is closed, and a new log file is created.
Zipped
Select this check box to have the audit trail automatically compressed in a ZIP file.
In the Disk quota checks area, specify the warning levels in
case the size of the audit trail uses too much of the hard
disks capacity.
Warning level %
As soon as the given percentage of the hard disks capacity is reached, an orange
warning icon appears in the status bar. 70-75% may be useful values (70% is the
minimum value).
Quota limit %
As soon as this percentage of the hard disks capacity is reached, a red warning icon
appears in the status bar and the Audit Trail Archiver opens. Storing should be started
immediately. If the current user has no privilege to store, there is a message box
which informs the user about the situation and gives a hint what to do. 80-85% may
be useful values (80% is the minimum value).
In addition to the disc space check, there is a cyclic check of the
security system state. A blocked system (even if no disc space
limit was exceeded) also forces the Audit Trail Archiver to be
popped up. For storing in a blocked system, the user needs the
Archive and the BypassBlockedSystem privileges.
B.2
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B.2
NOTE
Inform the system users about what to do if audit trail
storing should be started. If the current user does not have
storage rights, the End Session dialog box calls the Log in
different user function to switch to a user account with
storage rights.
B.2
Click Finish to finish the configuration.
Opening the Audit Trail Filter and Viewer
B.2
Event recording and the audit trail viewer are configured in the
syngo MR - Audit Trail Management console.
B.2
Only authorized users can handle the log files of the audit
trail. They need the AuditTrail > View and the AuditTrail >
SetFilter privilege to open and use the syngo MR - Audit
Trail Management console.
To open this management console, choose the Options >
Audit Trail > Viewing menu item from any task card.
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The syngo MR - Audit Trail Management console appears. B.2
With the Audit Filter folder, you can define the events to be
recorded.
B.2
With the Audit Trail Viewer item, you can view the various log
files of the audit trail.
B.2
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Defining events to be recorded in the audit

trail
B.2
In syngo MR, applications generate audit events at internal

function points and transactions. As an administrator, you can
select for every application which audit events result in audit
trail entries.
B.2
B.2
NOTE
Note that very detailed recording can slow down system
performance.
B.2
Only authorized users can set up the events to be recorded in

the audit trail. They need the AuditTrail - SetFilter privilege. B.2
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B.2
CAUTION
Source of danger: The system blocks when the audit trail
is filled (too many records, or too much drive space
covered).
B.2
Consequence: In this case, it is not possible to work with
the system. Emergency access is also not possible. B.2
Remedy: To prevent system blockage, someone must store
the log files and remove them from the audit trail on a
regular basis.
B.2
When the audit trail blocks the system, proceed as
described in Page B.294. Note that then the
SecuritySystem > BypassBlockedSystem and the
AuditTrail > Archive privileges are needed.
B.2
Open the syngo MR - Audit Trail Management console.

On the left-hand side, open the syngo MR and the Audit Filter folder.
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The system displays sub-folders one for every application

audited.
B.2
Click the desired application folder.
All Audit Events of that application are displayed on the rightB.2
hand side.
The actions to be recorded in the audit trail are marked.
B.2
Select or clear the Audit Events as desired.

To save the settings, click Save.
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The changes come into effect immediately.
B.2
B.2
TIP
Click the Reset button to clear your changes.
B.2
B.2
Viewing log files
B.2
It is possible to view the log files at any time.
B.2
Only authorized users have access to the log files of the audit
trail. They need the AuditTrail - View privilege.
B.2
Open the syngo MR - Audit Trail Management console.
In the tree on the left-hand side, click the Audit Trail Viewer
item.
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The audit trail viewer is displayed on the right-hand side.
B.2
You must close the current log file before you can view it:
Click the New Audit Trail button.
The current log file is closed and a new log file is created immediately.
B.2
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Browse through by using the Files to view fields and doubleclick the log file (.xml or .xml.z) that you want to view.
The log files are formatted in XML. The contents of the selected
log file are displayed in the large area. The header gives general information about the institution and log file itself. This is followed by data recorded for every security-relevant transaction.
B.2
Filtering the Log Files for

Viewing
B.2
To further inspect a log file, you can apply different filters or

apply certain filter criteria.
B.2
Choose the desired filters from the lists above the display
area. For example, you can filter by Action types, Function
Point IDs, Applications and Users.
In the Argument Filter criteria field, you can copy a parameter from the log file and initiate an exact match search.
To apply the filter, click the Refresh button.
The display area shows only the data records that meet the filter
criteria.
B.2
To reset a filter, select All ... in the corresponding filter list
and click Refresh.
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Storing and deleting log files
B.2
The audit trail storing method defines whether the log files are
stored to a remote shared disk or CD-R.
See Page B.277 for more information.
B.2
You must close the current log file before you can store it and
you must have stored a log file before you can delete it.
B.2
To store or to delete audit trail log files:
B.2
Only authorized users are able to store or delete the log files of
the audit trail. They need the Audit Trail Archive and AuditTrail Delete privileges.
B.2
From any task card, choose the Options > Audit Trail >
Archiving menu item.
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The Audit Trail Archiving dialog box appears. All audit trail log
files of your system are listed showing their current archive and
importance status. A green icon at the bottom left indicates that
the security system is running properly:
B.2
The icon of each file indicates the status:

B.2
These files are not stored.

B.2
These files are already stored.

B.2
These files are not stored but contain important information

about data manipulation (for example, deletions).
B.2
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These files are stored and contain important information about

data manipulation (for example, deletions). The storage files
must be kept according to national and local regulations (for
example, 6 years).
B.2
You can delete files which are already stored.
B.2
When storing to CD-R, insert a fresh CD-R, or a multi-session CD-R from previous audit trail archiving.
For storing on network shares, the connection must be established (use the Windows Explorer to check this).
Select the log files you want to store and click the Archive
button.
Multiple selections are possible.
B.2
B.2
NOTE
Stored log files obtain the status archived and are marked
with the archived icons.
B.2
The selected log files are saved to disk or to CD-R (as configured). The system issues a message upon completion.
B.2
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Deleting stored log files
B.2
You can only delete log files that have been stored.
B.2
Select the log file you want to delete and click the Delete button.
The log file is deleted from the disk partition containing the audit
trail. The list is automatically updated.
B.2
What to do when the audit trail blocks the

system
B.2
B.2
CAUTION
Source of danger: The system blocks when the audit trail
is filled (too many records, or too much drive space
covered).
B.2
Consequence: In this case, it is not possible to work with
the system. Emergency access is also not possible. B.2
Remedy: To prevent system blockage, someone must store
the log files and remove them from the audit trail on a
regular basis. Note that the archiver needs the AuditTrail >
Archive privilege.
B.2
When the audit trail blocks the system, proceed as
described in Page B.294. Note that for operating a
blocked system, additionally the SecuritySystem >
BypassBlockedSystem privilege is needed.
B.2
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A full audit trail blocks the entire system. Emergency access is

also not possible. You have to store the log files and empty the
audit trail before users can continue working.
B.2
Only authorized users are able to store the log files of the
audit trail. They need the AuditTrail Archive privilege.
Open the Audit Trail Archiver dialog box.
Page B.275
The Audit Trail Archiver dialog box opens and lists all log files
of the audit trail with their current archive status.
B.2
Store all log files and delete them from the audit trail.
Page B.294
Click the Restart button. This button is active only when the
system is blocked.
The system resumes operation.
B.2
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Secure transfer of data
B.2
During the site-specific configuration of the local system, a service technician sets up the connection to network nodes, central archives, DICOM service providers and DICOM service
users.
B.2
To establish a secure system, all these network partners and
services have to be reliable.
B.2
One policy is to establish a trusted sites zone. A trusted zone
contains network nodes you trust-nodes that you believe you
can receive data from or send data to without worrying about
the security of computer or data.
B.2
To establish a trusted zone, you must assign nodes to this zone.
Then the syngo MR security features let the system:
B.2
Transfer and receive data, knowing that the computer and
confidential patient information are safe.
Only accept DICOM Query/Retrieve requests from trusted
hosts or applications. Requests from unknown workstations
or applications are rejected.
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Security of Protocols
B.2
For security reasons, syngo MR follows a restrictive policy concerning ports and IP addresses. Data traffic through all unnecessary ports and addresses is blocked. Data exchange is
restricted to defined paths only.
B.2
After installation all ports and addresses are blocked except
for a few basic services, such as ports for the DICOM services.
By configuring DICOM network nodes in the Local Service
Software, the IP addresses become valid and the necessary
ports are unlocked.
If you need additional IP addresses for other reasons, you
should define them also as network nodes in the Local Service Software to enable them.
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Assigning Nodes to Your

Trusted Zone
B.2
To establish a trusted zone, you must assign nodes to this

zone.
B.2
From any task card, choose the Options > Service > Local
Service menu item to open the Service Software window.
Navigate to the Configuration > Security > Settings page.
In the Security properties, select the Enable trusted host
functionality for your computer.
B.2
NOTE
This function must be enabled on all syngo MR
workstations with which you want to exchange data.
Additionally, it is also possible to communicate with
secured legacy systems (Secured by means of
restricted physical access).
B.2
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CHAPTER
B.3
Security System

B.3
B.3
For security reasons, only authorized persons have access to

sensitive data, such as diagnostic images, results, or reports. B.3
syngo MR allows you to work only with the data and functions
that you have been authorized to use. All other patient data is
not visible to you and the prohibited functions are not available.
B.3
B.3
NOTE
The audit trail logs all activities you perform on sensitive
data in an audit trail. This also includes your identity. B.3
Except for emergency access, you are only allowed to work
with a syngo MR workstation if you are logged into your
personal user account.
B.3
The system administrator will notify you about your user
account and password.
B.3
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User management and access

control
User Accounts,
Permissions and
Privileges
B.3
B.3
The syngo MR user model ensures that every user is allowed

to access only to the data he/she is authorized to work with
(data security) and to the functions he/she is authorized to use
(functional security).
B.3
How are you integrated in the syngo MR user model?
B.3
The administrator created a user account for you. To work

with syngo MR, you have to log on first (password protected).
Depending on your profession and duties, you are assigned
one or several roles, for example, nurse or doctor. Privileges that are associated with your roles give you the right
to access specific syngo MR functions.
Depending on the departments and/or teams you work in,
you are assigned to one or several groups. The rights on
data are granted to all members of a group by permissions.
Members of the same group have access permissions to the
same data. Users with the same roles have the same privileges for executing functions. The administrator can also set
up privileges and permissions for every user individually.
It is also possible to extend the data rights for someone
beyond a group, for example for a doctor who wants a second opinion from a colleague on another ward.
Depending on your permissions, you can manually grant
access to data that you have created to members of a group
who would otherwise not be able to access this data.
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Example: If you want to send a study of the patient Mr. Smith to

the store, you need the privilege to send data to the archive and
you also need the permission to access the study of Mr. Smith.B.3
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B.3
TIP
The user configuration depends on the security regulations
of your hospital. For questions about your rights, ask the
system administrator.
B.3
If you are asked to work temporarily in another department,
for example to take over from a sick colleague, the
administrator can temporarily assign you to this group. B.3
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Logging on and off
B.3
To log on to a workstation, type your user name and password.

After the system has authenticated you, you get access to the
syngo MR application.
B.3
B.3
NOTE
Logging off or locking a workstation does not interrupt or
abort running or queued background jobs, such as filming
images. Every background job is protocolled under the
identity of the user who initiated it.
B.3
The described functions are provided in the End Session dialog box. To open the dialog box, use the System > End Session menu item or press CTRL+ALT+DEL:
B.3
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Lock Computer
B.3
Click the Lock Computer button to lock your computer.

If you have to leave your workstation unattended for a longer
period without quitting your session, you should lock the workstation with this function.
B.3
To unlock the workstation, you have to log on again.
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If you are the person who locked the workstation, you will find
your session as you left it.
B.3
If another user unlocks your computer and does not have the
appropriate access rights, a warning appears. Only after explicit
confirmation, any patient data is unloaded (without saving) and
the currently active application function is terminated.
B.3
B.3
NOTE
If a screen saver has been enabled on your workstation, it
is automatically activated whenever there has been no
mouse or keyboard activity for a certain period. The screen
saver has the same effect as Lock Computer.
B.3
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Log off user
B.3
To log off, click the Log off [user name] button.

If you have finished your work, you can log off. This ends your
session at the computer. All patient data is closed. At a new log
on, syngo MR appears in a neutral state.
B.3
B.3
NOTE
irretrievably.
B.3
Therefore always check whether data still needs to be

saved and save any data you want to keep before you log
off.
B.3
To ensure high throughput of patients, two assistants share

modality consoles. While one assistant prepares a patient for
the examination, the other assistant sends the images from the
previous examination to the archive. Both assistants have the
same privileges and permissions.
B.3
The switch user function allows them to efficiently work together
at the same console. In this way, they can alternately use the
consoles without suffering delays or losing the work of the other
user.
B.3
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Log different user
B.3
To switch the user at your workstation, click the Log in Different User button.
If you share the workstation with other users, you can hand over
the workstation quickly by using the switch user function.
B.3
The current user is logged off. The workstation can only be
used by the new user after logging on.
B.3
B.3
NOTE
If the new user has the same (or sufficient) access rights,
the current images are not unloaded.
B.3
If the new user does not have the appropriate access rights,
all patient data is unloaded and the currently active
application function is terminated. Unsaved data will be lost. B.3
If a measurement or an image calculation of a previous user
is still running in the background, the current user cannot
start his measurement until the previous users
measurement or image calculation is finished.
B.3
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Change Password
B.3
To change your password, click the Change Password button.

Enter the old password for authentication, and type the new
password. Repeat the new password for verification.
The password is case sensitive.
B.3
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Emergency access
B.3
The security policy influences the behavior in emergency

cases. Depending on the security configuration, you can log on
under the general emergency account in case of an emergency.
Ask your administrator. Account name and the necessary password are supplied by the administrator.
B.3
Emergency access is very restricted. Typically, it does not allow
the modification, deletion or transfer of data.
B.3
B.3
NOTE
Do not misuse the emergency access account to log on to
the system if you forget your password.
B.3
Patient data acquired and processed during emergency
access must be corrected and rearranged later. As a
consequence, the data will be assigned to the user who
carries out the alteration.
B.3
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Failed log on
B.3
You cannot change your account name, but you can change
your own password. Only administrators are allowed to change
user accounts.
B.3
If you have been denied access to your workstation because
you have forgotten your user name or password proceed as follows:
B.3
Ask your administrator for your current account name. The
account name is not case sensitive.
Make sure that the Caps Lock key is not accidentally set.
Bear in mind that passwords are case sensitive: W56Xrad
and w56xrad are not the same.
Re-enter your account name and password.
If this does not lead to success, ask your administrator to
give you a new password.
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Protecting data from unauthorized

access
B.3
Depending on your permissions, you can manually modify the

protections of data objects by using the Patient Groups. This
way, you can grant users access to data that they would otherwise not have had. Similarly, you can deny users access to data
who had previously had it.
Page B.212
B.3
Imagine, the patient Mr. Smith is transferred from the intensive
care unit to the cardiology department. As a consequence, Mr.
Smith's data is no longer available to the staff of the intensive
care unit, but it becomes available to the staff of the cardiology
department.
B.3
This is established by both removing the Patient Group intensive care and assigning the Patient Group cardiology.
B.3
B.3
NOTE
You can set data protections at patient or study level. Series
and images inherit protections from the patient or the study
they belong to.
B.3
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Select the patient or the study in the Patient Browser.

Choose the Edit > Modify Patient Groups menu item.
All patient groups available are listed in the Patient Groups dialog box. The groups the selected patient or study is currently
applied to are marked.
B.3
Select or clear the patient groups as desired. Note that the
STANDARD patient group is a fall-back patient group. You
should not change it.
Take care that you do not unintentionally withdraw your own
access permissions.
B.3
The patient groups and the access permissions to them are
defined in the syngo MR Security Configuration console.
Most commonly, the names of the patient groups indicate the
protection level.
B.3
Click the Users button to view and set up the access permissions of individual users.
To confirm, click OK.
The dialog box closes. The new access permissions on data
take effect immediately.
B.3
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Service access
B.3
In order to allow service activities, users with the according privilege must grant the service technician access to the computer.
The procedure differs for the local and remote service access.
B.3
Local access
B.3
Usually, a user account with restricted rights is created for the

service technician for carrying out local service activities.
B.3
To allow local service activities if no account is available, you
have to get the system to generate a temporary password for
the general LocalServiceUser account. This password expires
after a predefined number of days. Using this password, a service technician can log on to the computer under the LocalServiceUser user account.
B.3
Usually the LocalServiceUser account is member of the syngoServiceUser group and role. This way, the service technician obtains permissions and privileges as determined by the
system administrator.
B.3
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Remote access
B.3
Remote service access lets a service technician carry out

maintenance activities from a remote workstation.
B.3
You start a remote service session and wait for the response
from the remote workstation. Depending on the required service activities, you then grant the technician full or limited
access to your workstation.
B.3
Full Access
Allows the service technician to take control of your workstation (which blocks it to you).
Limited Access
This mode provides access to all service functions that do
not interfere with regular patient operations.
Access to Patient Data
The service technician has no access to patient data from a
remote system. If he needs one, he will explicitly have to
request it.
Remote Application Access
No Access
Unexpected closing can cause inconsistent or inoperable system.
B.3
If you close a remote service session while the service technician is still working, all currently running service programs will
be terminated. This may result in an inconsistent or inoperable
system.
B.3
The service technician will only be notified that the session is
going to be closed by you.
Ask the service technician before you close the session.
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Generating a service password for local

access
B.3
Usually, a user account with restricted rights is created for the

service technician for carrying out local service activities.
B.3
If there is no personal account for the service technician available, you must get the system to generate a service password
for the general LocalServiceUser account when the service
technician needs access to your workstation.
B.3
The password expires after a configurable number of days.
After that time, the password becomes invalid. You will need to
generate a new service password.
B.3
As there is only one LocalServiceUser account, the system
holds just one service password at any one time. If you generate a new service password and an old one is still valid, the old
password gets overwritten.
B.3
You need the EnableServiceAccess privilege to use the
Service User menu item. Otherwise you wont see it.
From any task card, choose the Options > Service > Service User menu item.
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The Set Password for the account 'LocalServiceUser' dialog

box is displayed.
B.3
In the Comment field, enter the reason for a service access

and the name of the service technician.
Enter the expiry period in days.
Confirm with Apply to generate the password.
The generated password is displayed next to Assigned password.
B.3
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Note the password.

To end, click Close.
Keep the password confidential and pass it only to the service technician.
B.3
NOTE
Transfer the password as securely as possible to the
service technician. Sending passwords via unencrypted email or mail is not secure!
B.3
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Recorded user transactions

(audit trail)
Audit Trail
B.3
B.3
The syngo MR security system supports tracking of the following actions:

B.3
All activities you perform on sensitive data is logged in an
audit trail, with your identity.
Unsuccessful login attempts are recorded, too.
B.3
NOTE
Important! You carry the responsibility for all transactions
that have been performed under your user account. B.3
In your own interest, lock the computer or log off when you
have finished work or when leaving the workstation
unattended for a longer period.
B.3
The audit trail can be viewed by authorized personnel only.
B.3
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Audit Trail full?
B.3
A full audit trail blocks the entire system. You cannot proceed
working. Emergency access is also not possible.
B.3
When the storage space reaches the warning level, an yellow icon appears in the status bar of all task cards.
When the storage space reaches the quota limit, a red icon
appears in the status bar. Additionally, the system displays a
message when the audit trail exceeds a certain limit.
Clicking the red icon opens either a warning message box
if you dont have the storing privilege or the Audit Trail
Archiving dialog box provided you have the appropriate
privileges.
Do not ignore these warnings, inform your system administrator
immediately.
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Information for Service

Technicians
CHAPTER
B.4
Service Access Rights
B.4
B.4
For any service activities to take place, you must ask a user or
the system administrator to allow local access to the workstation.
B.4
Usually, a user account with restricted rights is created for
carrying out local service activities.
If there is no personal account for the service technician
available, you can only access syngo with the LocalServiceUser account, which provides the service account rights.
The service account is not deleted when the password
expires. For subsequent service activities, it is merely necessary to request a new password.
Audit Trail
B.4
All system activities affecting sensitive data are recorded in the

audit trail for later review. Each local and remote service session leads to an entry in the audit trail.
B.4
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Service access
Different Types of Access
B.4
B.4
If service personnel needs access to patient data, or the configuration of the system has to be changed during a remote service session, this has to be enabled by the local user first.
B.4
Remote access to the syngo MR system for service purposes
is only possible from trusted systems (a system with a proved
certificate) There is only are very small number of systems set
up for remote access.
B.4
Trusted systems are systems with a certificate from a root
CA which is in the server certificate trust list (client authentication).
The use of SSL and HTTPS are mandatory for this connection.
To add certificates, the standard mechanism of the operating
system is used.
Together with the syngo MR installation, the certificate of the
root CA of the RDIAG (remote service server) is delivered.
syngo MR generates a self signed certificate, therefore, the
RDIAG is not able to identify a syngo MR system via the certificate (no server authentication).
The RDIAG server connects to syngo MR via HTTPS.
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Local access
B.4
Usually, a user account with restricted rights is created for carrying out local service activities.
B.4
To log on to syngo MR for service activities when an individual
account is not available:
B.4
Ask a user or the system administrator to generate a password for the service account.
The password expires after a predefined number of days.
B.4
Log on to the computer under the default service account:

LocalServiceUser.
Enter the generated password and click OK.
To open the local service software, choose the Options >
Service > Local Service menu item from any task card.
The Service Software window appears.
B.4
Enter both parts of the service key necessary for the desired
service level.
The service key decides with which service level the Service
Software will open.
B.4
Enter the service password.
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The system will check the service password. If it is valid, the

service interface appears. Depending on security configuration,
the patient data access may be enabled.
B.4
B.4
NOTE
The detailed view of the Resource Monitor is only
available after you have logged on to the Service
Software.
B.4
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Remote access
B.4
Remote access to the syngo MR system for service purposes

is only possible from trusted systems.
B.4
If the remote service access is configured to be based on
SSL encryption, remote access is only possible from hosts
believed to be trusted. Certificates are exchanged and
checked. The certificate for RDIAG server is stored locally.
The protocol used is HTTPS:\\
SSL may affect the performance of the connection.
If SSL is not used, the local system can configure to allow
remote access any remote server. The protocol used is
HTTP:\\
For remote service to take place, access must be enabled on
the local system by using the Remote Service Access Control
window.
B.4
To start a remote service session:
B.4
Phone or ask the user to allow you remote access in the

Remote Service Access Control window.
Start your remote service session.
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As long as you work without access to patient information, you

will only see anonymized patient information.
B.4
To execute particular service and test functions (File&Image
Tools), you need access to patient information.
The Service Software will remind you to request this access:
B.4
Enter your name and click the Request button.

The request appears in the Remote Service Access Control
window of the local system. The user concerned must explicitly
B.4
confirm it. This confirmation is logged into the audit trail.
B.4
NOTE
Because the Remote Service Access Control may be
closed on the local system at the time, you should call the
local user to get the confirmation.
B.4
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Backup & restore
B.4
To avoid the loss of configuration data, ask the service technician to back up the system.
B.4
Backups and restores are done within the Service Software
package of syngo MR.
B.4
Update/Upgrade
B.4
An update is a patch within a version. A software upgrade

replaces a version with a newer one.
B.4
B.4
NOTE
Do not forget to store the audit trail before software update
or upgrade. The audit trail has to be saved separately. The
backup and restore functionality under Local Service does
not store the audit trail.
B.4
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PART
Managing and Adjusting

the System
C.0
C.1 System Manager

Using the image control system and syngo MR ............. C.12
Shutting down the entire system ............................... C.13
Shutting down and rebooting the
image control system ................................................. C.15
Closing syngo MR and rebooting .............................. C.16
Forced shutdown/reboot ............................................ C.18
Handling applications ................................................ C.19
Locking the computer .............................................. C.111
Logging off ............................................................... C.112
Logging on a new user ............................................ C.113
Changing your password ......................................... C.114
Monitoring the image reconstruction system ............... C.115
Rebooting the image reconstruction system ........... C.116
Shutting down and rebooting components .............. C.117
Controlling the MR scanner ......................................... C.119
Rebooting the operating system .............................. C.121
Switching the Power Supply to Standby .................. C.121
Tools ............................................................................ C.124
Gathering diagnostic information ............................. C.125
Displaying changed files .......................................... C.126
Displaying system information ..................................... C.127
General system information ..................................... C.127
Information about the system .................................. C.129
Drive and database information ............................... C.130
Network information ................................................. C.133
Displaying patents ................................................... C.135
Updating the display ................................................ C.136
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Contents
Managing and Adjusting the System
C.2 Adjusting the System

Configuring automatic adjustment .................................. C.22
Adapting the adjustment volume ................................ C.27
Automatic sequence of adjustment steps ..................... C.219
Manual adjustment ....................................................... C.221
Optimizing the frequency ......................................... C.223
Transmitter adjustment ............................................ C.233
3D Shim ................................................................... C.239
Interactive shim ........................................................ C.248
Manual water suppression ....................................... C.256
Undoing changes ..................................................... C.263
Completing adjustment ............................................ C.263
Starting protocol adjustments manually ................... C.264
Changing the resonance frequency
after inline adjustment .............................................. C.265
Displaying adjustment results ....................................... C.270
Selecting Parameters for Display ............................. C.272
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CHAPTER
C.1
System Manager
C.1
Your MR system consists of various components: The main

component is the MR scanner located in the examination room.
Next to it are the image reconstruction system and the console
for operating syngo MR. As an option, you may also use a satellite console.
C.1
These components comprise your MR system. The syngo MR
System Manager is a module that allows you to monitor, as
well as start and stop the individual components of the scan
system.
C.1
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System Manager
Using the image control system

and syngo MR
C.1
You control and operate your MR system from the console

using the syngo MR program which runs on the Windows XP
operating system. The syngo MR program consists of different
applications, such as image processing or 3D. You may sometimes find that one or more applications no longer respond, i.e.
your commands are not accepted. If this happens, you may
close these applications separately without having to shut down
syngo MR or the operating system.
C.1
Select System > Control from the main menu.
The System Manager dialog box opens.
C.1
Click the Host card.
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System Manager
Shutting down the entire system
C.1
You can shut down the entire system at once (the console, the
MR scanner, and the image reconstruction system), for example, at the end of the day or to disconnect the system from the
power supply for service work or reinitialization of the hardware
and software.
C.1
Select System > End Session from the main menu.
The End Session dialog box opens.
C.1
Click the Shutdown System button.

Or
C.1
Click the Shutdown All button in the System Manager/

Host card.
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System Manager
The Confirm Action dialog window opens.
C.1
Click the Yes button.

Or click No to cancel the operation. The system does not shut
down.
Once you have closed down all programs and the operating
system, you have to switch off the components of the scan
system from the alarm box. That is the only way to ensure that
the image reconstruction system will start when you restart
the system.
see System Manual
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Shutting down and rebooting the image

control system
C.1
An error in the operating system or in syngo MR may mean that

you have to shut down the console only. The other components
of the system such as the MR scanner are not affected.
C.1
Click the Reboot button in the System Manager.
Or
C.1

C.1
Click the Restart System button.

syngo MR and the operating system are shut down and then
C.1
automatically rebooted.
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C.15
System Manager
Closing syngo MR and rebooting
C.1
You may have to close syngo MR if it no longer responds. You

may then restart it automatically.
C.1
Just click the Restart syngo MR button in the System Manager.
Or
C.1

C.1
Click the Restart Application button.
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Operator Manual
System Manager
The program syngo MR and the operating system were shut

down. In case Auto-Login is active, all processes will be started
again.
C.1
Without Auto-Login, the user has to register again prior to booting the system (e.g. as "user xy").
C.1
When the safety package is active, the user has to register
again prior to booting the system.
C.1
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C.17
System Manager
Forced shutdown/reboot
C.1
If errors occur in the operating system or in the syngo MR application, you may respond either by properly shutting down the
software or forcing the system to shut down. Following a forced
shutdown, the system will be operational again in a short time.C.1
Select the Forced Mode option in the system manager.
Click the Reboot button on the System Manager/Host card.
Or
C.1
Click the Shutdown All button in the System Manager/Host

card.
Or
C.1
Click the Restart syngo MR button in the System Manager/

Host card.
The system shuts down.
C.1
C.1
C AU T I O N
After a forced system shut down, all unsaved data and
unfinished filming or storage jobs will be lost. All
background activities are forced to terminate.
C.1
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Handling applications
C.1
syngo MR includes a series of applications that may be started

and closed individually.
C.1
The syngo MR applications that run on your main console are
listed under Application Name in the System Manager.
C.1
The status of each application is also displayed:
C.1
running
The application is in progress.
not running
The application is not running.
undefined
The application status has not been received shortly after
starting the system manager.
not responding
It is not possible to communicate with this software component.
unknown name
Certain components of the application are not available.
stop in progress
The application is being shut down.
startup in progress
The application is being started up.
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C.19
System Manager
Stopping an application
C.1
You may stop an individual application (e.g. the 3D module) to

save memory space.
C.1
Select the application from the list.
Then click the Stop Application button.
Initially, the application shows the status stop in progress.
Then it changes to status not running.
The Activity Progress window shows you how far the selected
action has progressed. The progress bar allows you to monitor
the progress of actions that take a long time.
C.1
Starting an application
C.1
You may explicitly start applications that you have stopped or

that do not start automatically.
C.1
Click the Start Application button.
Initially, the application shows the status start up in
progress, and then running, once the application is running.
Restarting an application
C.1
You can shut down and restart applications, e.g. if they are no
longer responding.
C.1
Click the Restart Applications button.
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Locking the computer
C.1
If you have to leave the workstation for a short time, you can
protect the data on the computer from unauthorized access
without having to log off.
C.1
This function is available only if the syngo security system is
activated on your system.
C.1
Click the Lock Computer button.

A login window opens. It hides the user interface of the program.
C.1
When you want to resume work on the workstation, you only
need to log on again.
C.1
You will find detailed information about logging on and off in
syngo MR and about access rights in general in Part Safety
Standards.
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C.111
System Manager
Logging off
C.1
When you have finished working with the system, you must log
off.
C.1
C.1
Click the [user name] Logoff button.
C.1
NOTE
When a user logs off, unsaved data are irretrievably
lost.
C.1
Always check for unsaved data and save any data you want
to keep before logging off.
C.1
A logoff window opens. Opened patient data are unloaded. It

hides the user interface of the program.
C.1
Another user can now log onto the system.
C.1

syngo MR and about access rights in general in the Safety
Standards part.
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Logging on a new user
C.1
A new user can log onto the system even if the current user has
not logged off.
C.1
C.1
Click the Log on new user button.

A login window opens. It hides the user interface of the program.
C.1
Enter a new user name in the dialog box.
If you have the same user rights as the previous user, you can
work with the loaded data again. If you have fewer rights, the
data used by the previous user will be unloaded.
Standards part.
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System Manager
Changing your password
C.1
You can change your password in an input dialog box.
C.1

C.1
Click the Change Password button.

An input dialog box is displayed.
C.1
Enter the old password in the first field for authentification.

Enter the new password in the next field. Repeat the new
password in the third input field for checking.
Upper and lower case letters are treated as different characters.C.1
Standards part.
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Monitoring the image

reconstruction system
C.1
The raw data supplied by the scan system are reconstructed by

the image reconstruction system. Like the image control system, you can also close down and restart this system, for example, if a fault occurs.
C.1
Together with the MR Scanner the image processor can be
switched to standby.
Page C.121, Switching the Power Supply to Standby
C.1
Go to the Image Reconstr. System card.
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System Manager
Displaying the status of the

image reconstruction
system
C.1
The status bar of the system contains an icon indicating the status of the image reconstruction system:
C.1
Status: The image reconstruction system is ready.

C.1
If the image reconstruction system is not ready, the icon has a

red line through it.
C.1
The image processor may be in the standby mode (not voltage supply).
Double-clicking on the icon opens a dialog box with an explanation.
Rebooting the image reconstruction system
C.1
In the event of a fault, you can shut down and reboot the entire
image reconstruction system.
C.1
Click the Reboot button.

The image reconstruction system will be shut down and rebooted. It is not possible to operate it again until the status of the
monitored applications switches from not running to running.C.1
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Shutting down and rebooting components
C.1
The Component Control window of the Image Reconstr. System card shows which software components of the image
reconstruction system are running and what status they have.C.1
If a software error occurs during scanning or image reconstruction, you may restart the components of the image reconstruction system separately.
C.1
Restarting software
components
C.1
If errors occur during image calculation, all software components running on the image reconstruction system, except the
Peripherie Server (peripheral server), will be shut down and
restarted.
C.1
Click the Restart Image Calculation button.

The Activity Progress window shows how long it will take to
shut down and restart the software components.
C.1
The system is ready for scanning again once the components
of the image reconstruction system have restarted.
C.1
The status of the Peripherie Server (peripheral server) component must be running while the software components
restart.
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System Manager
Restarting the Peripherie

Server (peripheral server)
component
C.1
The Peripherie Server (peripheral server) component establishes the connection with the MR scanner and is restarted separately.
C.1
Click the Restart Peripherie Server button.

The Peripherie Server (peripheral server) component is shut
down and restarted.
C.1
The status of the image calculation components stays running.C.1
Shutting down and restarting the Peripherie Server (peripheral server) component of the image reconstruction component takes longer than restarting the image calculation components.
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Controlling the MR scanner
C.1
The computer system of the MR scanner also has an operating

system. You can display the current status of individual components of the MR scanner and switch the power supply on and
off.
C.1
C.1
Go to the MR Scanner card and click it in foreground.
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C.119
System Manager
Operating status of the

individual components
OK
C.1
The current status of the components (ok or not ok) is shown

in the State column.
C.1
Not OK
Helium fill level
All the components of the MR scanner are listed under Component Name.
C.1
The list is updated automatically. The MR scanner is not

always online while it is rebooting. Therefore, it is not possible
to display the status of scanner components during booting.
During this time, the MR Scanner window shows the message "The Scanner is not online".
C.1
C.1
The helium fill level is shown below the list on the MR Scanner
card. The display is in % (percentages).
C.1
Status of the MR scanner
C.1
The status of the MR scanner is shown both on the

MR Scanner subtask card and on the status bar of the system.
C.1
Status: MR scanner is ready.

C.1
If the MR scanner is not online or is booting, the icon has a red

line through it.
C.1
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Rebooting the operating system
C.1
If an error occurs in the operating system of the MR scanner

during operation, you can eliminate the error by shutting down
and rebooting the operating system.
C.1
Click the Reboot button.
Switching the Power Supply to Standby

Switching the MR scanner
and image processor to
standby
C.1
C.1
If you do not intend to perform scans for a longer period of time

or only want to process or evaluate images on the console, you
can save energy by switching off the voltage supply to the MR
Scanners and image processor.
C.1
Click the Stand By button.

Or
C.1
Switch the scanner and image processor to standby via the

Alarm Box.
C.1
NOTE
After switch-over to standby, it is not possible to start a new
scan.
C.1
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C.121
System Manager
If the image processor no longer contains jobs in the job list, it

is immediately switched to standby. Subsequently, the
MR Scanner is switched to standby as well.
C.1
However, if the image processor still has jobs in the job list, it
may not be possible to immediately end these jobs.
C.1
In this case, the dialog SystemManager - Scanner StandBy
appears:
C.1
This dialog allows you to determine whether and how the image
processor should be shut down.
C.1
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Operator Manual
System Manager
C.1
Option
Consequences
Proceed
The image processor is shut down only after calculating the

current image processor jobs. This may take several
minutes. There is no associated loss in data. The dialog box
is closed and cannot be called up again.
Cancel
Shut-down of the image processor is stopped.
End Now
The image calculation in progress is ended immediately.

Data may be lost in this case.
Click the button for the desired option.

Shut-down of the image processor is displayed via various
status messages.
Switching the power
supply on again
C.1
If your MR scanner is in Stand By mode, you can switch on the

power supply again to resume scanning.
C.1
Click the System On button.

You can also switch the power supply of the MR scanner on
or off in the alarm box.
see System Manual
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
C.123
System Manager
Tools
C.1
The Tools card is used to acquire diagnostic information or

check important system files.
C.1
C.1
Go to the Tools card.
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Gathering diagnostic information
C.1
If a software error occurs during scanning, it is recommended

to create a "MrSaveLog" file immediately. It contains valuable
diagnostic information.
C.1
Click the Save System Log-Files button.

The "MrSaveLog" file is created. It contains all diagnostic information valid at the time the error occurred. It is stored in the
C:\MedCom\MriDiagnostic folder as a ZIP file. Siemens Service
will be able to use the ZIP file for subsequent analysis.
C.1
The diagnostic information it contains can be used to help
locate the error.
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C.125
System Manager
Displaying changed files
C.1
The most important system files are checked every time the
system boots.
C.1
Click the View Consistency Log button.

The "MrConsistency-Checker" checks the system files for
changes every time the system boots. The result is saved in a
log file. You can view the content of this file in the Support&Diagnostic Tools window by clicking the View Consistency Log button.
C.1
Never install additional software on the system. Installation
could replace existing system files and impair the scanning
capability of the system.
C.1
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Displaying system information
C.1
syngo MR also displays information about your scan system.

This includes information regarding memory capacity as well as
memory still available.
C.1
General system information
C.1
General system information is required, e.g. when you contact

Siemens Service regarding problems. Problems can be solved
more quickly if you specify the serial number of the system and
the software version.
C.1
Select Help > Info ... from the main menu.
The Info ... dialog window opens.
C.1
Go to the General card.
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System Manager
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Product name
Series number
Software used
Software version
Software name
Information about license holder; name, hospital or practice, and product identification number (product ID)
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Information about the system
C.1
The System card provides further information about your scan

system. Here, you will find information about hardware and software options (e.g. cameras and printers) as well as the coils
currently available.
C.1
Go to the System card.
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C.129
System Manager
Drive and database information
C.1
The Disk/Database card displays the drives and hard disks

currently connected, including information about the capacity
and free space still available. It also displays how much space
is available in terms of images.
C.1
Go to the Disk/Database card.
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Operator Manual
Displaying the drives
C.1
System Manager
The Disk list displays all physical (e.g. CD-ROM) and logical
(e.g. network drives) drives. The capacity and free space still
available is listed next to them.
C.1
The following information about these drives is displayed:
C.1
drive letter, e.g. diskette drive A

type of drive, e.g. CD-ROM
logical name of the hard disk
name of computer to which memory medium is connected
manufacturer of the memory medium
capacity of the memory medium (in MB)
free space available in MB
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C.131
System Manager
Displaying the databases
C.1
The Database list contains all local databases that contain

header as well as pixel data.
C.1
You are also told how many images can still be stored for each
matrix.
C.1
The following information is displayed:
C.1
Name of the database

Number of images 256 256 matrix images that can still be
stored
Number of images 512 512 matrix images that can still be
stored
Free space in the database partition for header data (in kB)
Free space in the pixel data partition (in kB)
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Network information
C.1
If your console or satellite console is connected to a network,

you may view network-specific information on the Network
card.
C.1
Go to the Network card.
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C.133
System Manager
Updating the network

display
C.1
If the dialog window has been open for a while, you may refresh
the network information display.
C.1
Click the Refresh Network State button.
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Operator Manual
System Manager
Displaying patents
C.1
The Patents card lists all the patents used by syngo MR.
C.1

Go to the Patents card.
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C.135
System Manager
Updating the display
C.1
If the Info... dialog window has been open for a while, you may
refresh the data displayed.
C.1
Just click the Refresh button.
The button is only active if you have selected the System,

Disk/Database, or Network card.
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
C.2
C.2
To consistently obtain high-quality images, it is important to

adjust the scan protocol prior to each protocol. For this purpose,
individual settings are available which perform automatic
adjustments before each protocol.
C.2
However, manual adjustment of the scan system is sometimes
required for special scanning methods such as spectroscopy. C.2
With shimming you compensate for inhomogeneities of the
magnetic field.
C.2
An adjustment volume is defined for each protocol. Most adjustments refer to this volume, which you may display during
graphic slice positioning. You may change it there or on the
System parameter card, as required.
Page C.27, Adapting the adjustment volume
C.2
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C.21
Configuring automatic adjustment
C.2
Automatic adjustment of the system is performed prior to each

scan. In most cases, it is not necessary to change the settings
during routine operation. You can check these parameters, but
you should normally not modify them.
C.2
Opening a protocol
C.2
It is only possible to view the parameters of a protocol if it is

open.
C.2
Select a protocol in the program control.
Click the Open button or double-click the selected program.
The protocol opens and the specific parameters are displayed.
C.2
You may view and edit (if required) the automatic adjustment
parameters on the System parameter card.
C.2
Go to the System parameter card.
C.2
NOTE
All system adjustment settings made on the System
parameter card only apply to the protocol currently open. C.2
0.0
C.22
Operator Manual
Settings on the
Adjustments card
Go to the Adjustments card.

C.2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Select shim mode

Perform adjustments with the body coil
Change the resonance frequency
Adjustment in silicone mode
Changing the reference amplitude
Geometry of the adjustment volume
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C.23
Setting shim mode
C.2
For the 3D-shim, up to three settings are available per protocol

depending on the various scanning requirements:
C.2
Tune-up; neither adjustment scans nor evaluations are necessary. The system uses the values set during system tuneup by Siemens Service. This setting is sufficient for normal
imaging protocols without special requirements.
Standard; Adjustment scanning and evaluation are performed in standard mode. This mode is suitable for imaging
protocols with special requirements, for example, for fat saturation or EPI.
Advanced; Adjustment scans and evaluation are performed
in advanced mode. This mode is mainly used for spectroscopy protocols. Advanced mode is time consuming and is
only necessary for scans that place the greatest demands on
the homogeneity of the magnetic field.
Each protocol is preset to the mode required for optimum image
quality.
C.2
Select a shim mode from the list.
It is also possible to use the manual interactive shimming
method, independent of this protocol setting.
Page C.248, Interactive shim
C.2
0.0
C.24
Operator Manual
Performing adjustments
with the body coil
C.2
Normally, all adjustments are performed using the coil elements

defined in each protocol and used during subsequent imaging.
You may also perform the adjustment measurements using the
body coil only. This method saves time, since it is not necessary
to make readjustments after changing the selection of coil elements.
C.2
Click the Adjust with body coil option.

For spectroscopy protocols, it is not possible to perform
adjustments using the body coil.
Confirming or changing the

resonance frequency
C.2
After an inline adjustment, you may pause the system and

accept or change the resonant frequency.
C.2
Click the Confirm freq. adjustment checkbox.

Page C.265, Changing the resonance frequency after
inline adjustment
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C.25
Adjustment in silicone
mode
C.2
The Assume Silicone option optimizes scanning for patients

with silicone implants.
C.2
Click the Assume Silicone checkbox.

Changing the reference
amplitude
C.2
The TxRef/Ref display field shows a list of reference amplitudes for the selected primary or secondary nucleus.
C.2
Enter new values for the reference amplitude.

All manually modified values are marked with an exclamation
point ("!") and will be ignored during the next optimization.
C.2
You can undo your manual settings at any time.
C.2
Click the Reset button on the Transmitter/Receiver parameter card.

The automatically calculated values are now displayed again.C.2
0.0
C.26
Operator Manual
Adapting the adjustment volume
C.2
A localized volume, the adjustment volume, is defined for each

protocol for tuning the transmitter and receiver. The adjustment
volume defines the space in the magnet for which the parameters will be optimized. It is determined automatically but may
also be adjusted manually.
C.2
Imaging protocols
C.2
The default setting of the adjustment volume depends on the

slices and slabs. In most cases, an orthogonal cuboid completely encloses the slices or slabs to be measured.
C.2
Spectroscopy protocols
C.2
Here, the adjustment volume is equivalent to the VOI.

C.2
C.2
NOTE
Protocols that do not require shim adjustment
measurements (e.g. tune-up mode) or water suppression
adjustment use a fixed adjustment volume in the form of a
large central cuboid.
This saves time since readjustment is not necessary after
slice positioning.
Of course, you may also manually adapt the adjustment
volume at any time.
C.2
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C.27
Editing the adjustment

volume graphically
C.2
During graphic slice positioning, you may display the adjustment volume as an additional graphic object in the reference
images.
C.2
Click this button on the Position Toolbar.
The adjustment volume is shown as a green rectangle in each
C.2
reference image and may now be edited graphically.
0.0
C.28
Operator Manual
Adjustment volume
selecting
C.2
To enlarge/minimize you must first select the adjustment volume.

C.2
Click the contour line of the adjustment volume.
The adjustment volume turns bright green. The center and
C.2
resizing handles are displayed.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1) Resizing handles/contour line

(2) Contour line
(3) Center for moving
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C.29
Moving the adjustment

volume
C.2
Place the mouse pointer on the center of the adjustment volume.

The mouse pointer changes shape.
C.2
Press the left mouse button and drag the adjustment volume
to its new position.
Or
C.2
Place the mouse pointer on a contour line or a handle, press

the Shift key and left mouse button, and drag the adjustment
volume to its new position.
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Operator Manual
Resizing the adjustment

volume
C.2
Click a contour line of the adjustment volume if the handles

of the adjustment volume are not yet visible.
Place the mouse pointer on one of the handles.
C.2
Press and hold the left mouse button while dragging the handle in the desired direction.
The size of the adjustment volume is increased/decreased
symmetrically.
C.2
The center of the adjustment volume remains unchanged.
C.2
To change the size of the adjustment volume asymmetrically,

i.e. increase/decrease its size in only one direction:
C.2
Also press the Alt key while performing the steps described
above.
The center of the adjustment volume is moved accordingly.
C.2
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C.211
Rotating the adjustment

volume
C.2
The volume element may be rotated about its center point. The
rotational axis is now perpendicular to the reference image. C.2
Place the mouse pointer on the contour line of the adjustment volume, but not on a handle.
C.2
Hold down the left mouse button and drag the contour line of
the volume element in the desired direction.
The adjustment volume may only be rotated about the center in
one spatial direction.
C.2
Tilting the adjustment

volume
C.2
The volume element can be tilted about an axis that runs parallel to the reference image and through the center point.
C.2
Press the Alt key and drag the contour line in the required
direction.
The tilting axis is perpendicular to the movement of the
mouse.
C.2
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Operator Manual
Adjustment volume
rotating freely
C.2
Free rotation of the adjustment volume is a combination of rotation and tilting and is supported in all three spatial directions. C.2
Click a contour line of the adjustment volume if the adjustment volume handles are not yet visible.
Press the Ctrl key and drag a handle or a contour line.
Drag the adjustment volume tangentially towards the adjustment volume to rotate it.
Or
C.2
Perform a radial movement (radiating away from or toward

the center) to tilt the adjustment volume.
tangential movement
radial movement
The rotational axis runs through the center of the volume element and is perpendicular to the reference image.
C.2
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C.213
Adjustment volume
set numerically
C.2
To set the adjustment volume with millimeter precision, you may

also enter the parameters numerically. The respective input
fields are located on the Adjustment subtask card of the System parameter card.
C.2
To manually set the adjustment volume, first select an orientation.

Or
C.2
Enter an orientation in the Orientation dialog box.

The Position field displays the current position of the adjustment volume.
C.2
Enter a new position for the adjustment volume in the Position dialog box.
Page F.523, Geometry parameter card
Enter the angle for rotating the adjustment volume in the
Rotation spin box.
Enter the edge length of the adjustment volume in the A >> P
(anterior/posterior) direction.
Enter the edge length of the adjustment volume in the F >> H
direction (feet/head).
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Operator Manual
Finally, enter a translation of the edge length of the adjustment volume in the R >> L direction (right to left).
Applying the settings
C.2
To apply the settings simply press the Return key after

numeric input.
Or
C.2
Click the image area with the mouse to update the graphic
display.
Settings
the warning signal
C.2
Click Reset to reactivate automatic calculation of the adjustment volume.

The exclamation points are now hidden.
C.2
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C.215
Adjustment parameter
display in the protocol
C.2
The System Transmitter/Receiver parameter card shows the

results of the last successful automatic adjustment.
C.2
Click the tab of the System card to move it into foreground.
Click the Transmitter/Receiver card into foreground.
(1)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Display system frequency

Display reference amplitude
Display the correction factor for water suppression
Amplitude of the RF pulses used in the protocol
Receiver gain
FFT scale factors of the individual images from each coil
element
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Operator Manual
The left side of the parameter card displays the values of the
last successful transmitter tuning:
C.2
the MR system frequency under Frequency
the pulse amplitude calibration under Ref. amplitude
the factor for water suppression under Correction factor
All pulse amplitudes are calculated from the reference amplitude and, if necessary, the correction factor.
C.2
This parameter card also allows you to overwrite the automatically corrected pulse amplitudes by entering new values.
C.2
The right side of the Transmitter/Receiver parameter card

shows the values for the receiver gain automatically calculated
by the system:
C.2
the gain level of the receiver
the FFT scale factors for the individual images of each coil
element
Here too, you have the option of overwriting the automatically
calculated values by entering new values.
C.2
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Undoing changes
C.2
All manually changed values and settings are marked by an

exclamation point ("!").
C.2
You can undo your manual settings at any time.
C.2
Click the Reset button on the Transmitter/Receiver parameter card.

The automatically calculated values are now displayed again.C.2
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Operator Manual
Automatic sequence of adjustment

steps
C.2
Special adjustments are performed automatically for each protocol. To avoid having to perform a complete adjustment each
time, the system checks the adjustment status and uses adjustment results from a previously scanned protocol, if possible. C.2
The results can normally only be applied if the following parameters of the two protocols remain unchanged:
C.2
Dependencies between
adjustments
C.2
the table position

the coil elements used
the shim mode (standard/advanced/tune-up)
the adjustment volume
When adjusting the system, the sequence of adjustment operations is important since some adjustments may invalidate the
results of previously performed adjustments. After 3D-shim, for
example, frequency adjustment is automatically performed
again because changing the magnetic field causes the system
frequency to change.
These dependencies are always taken into account by automatic adjustments.
C.2
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Validity of the adjustment

parameters obtained
C.2
The adjustment parameters obtained after successful adjustment may be used for further protocols. They become invalid in
the following cases:
C.2
a new patient is registered
the parameters are invalidated explicitly
Page C.271, Rejecting all adjustment results
the coils on the patient table are changed
As already mentioned, dependency on the coil elements can be
avoided by selecting Adjust with body coil. The dependency
on the adjustment volume may be avoided via the shim mode
tune-up without water suppression.
Page C.23, Settings on the Adjustments card
C.2
This reduces the number of adjustment steps and saves time.C.2
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Operator Manual
Manual adjustment
C.2
Manual adjustments must only be performed by experienced

users and are mainly intended for test purposes, error analysis,
or for special applications such as spectroscopy.
C.2
The following adjustment options are available:
C.2
Optimizing the resonance frequency

3D shim and interactive shim
Tuning the transmitter
Optimizing water suppression
Interactive shimming may only be performed manually.

The number of adjustment options available depends on your
system.
C.2
NOTE
Manual adjustment of the system should only be performed
by experienced users and should not be performed during
routine operation.
C.2
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Opening a protocol
C.2
Open the protocol that requires manual adjustment.
C.2
Click the Open button in the program control or double-click

the entry.
The protocol-specific parameters are displayed on the parameter cards.
C.2
The individual steps of manual adjustment are described

below.
C.2
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Operator Manual
Optimizing the frequency
C.2
When optimizing the frequency, you may determine the exact

proton resonant frequency. For this purpose, you may enter various parameters and accept the frequency calculated for the
scan system following adjustment. The results are first transferred from the time domain into the frequency domain via Fourier transform. The resonance frequency of the water protons is
calculated from the peak position of the water.
C.2
Preparing for adjustment
C.2
Select Options > Adjustments and go to the Frequency

card.
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(1)
(6)
(2)
(7)
(8)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(1) Numeric results

(2) Real part of the measurement signal in the time domain
(3) Imaginary part of the measurement signal in the time
domain
(4) Amplitude in the frequency domain
(5) Phase in the frequency domain
(6) Temporary transmit frequency
(7) Display of system transmit frequency
(8) Transmit amplitude
(9) Sequence and resolution
(10) Receiver gain
(11) Selection of the coil measurement signal for graphic display
(12) Specific display when entering frequency or amplitude
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Operator Manual
Certain parameters have to be entered prior to performing the

frequency adjustment.
C.2
Entering the frequency
C.2
A different transmit frequency may be used for each iteration. C.2
You can enter a new transmitter frequency in the Frequency

(temp) input field.
You can also determine the frequency graphically and transfer it to the input field.
Page C.230, Transferring the frequency
The frequency currently used is displayed in the field underneath for comparison.
C.2
The temporary frequency that you may enter yourself is only
used for adjustment scans. The system frequency is used for
examinations.
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Amplitude
C.2
You can enter the transmit amplitude to be used for the scan.
Range display
C.2
You can use the range display to verify whether your inputs for
the frequency and amplitude are correct. You have to correct
them if they are out of range.
C.2
When you enter the amplitude, the labeling of the range display is modified accordingly. It will then show the amplitude
values.
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Operator Manual
Sequence and resolution
C.2
The following options are available:
C.2
Broadband not volume-selective (FID 400 Hz)

Narrowband not volume-selective (FID 10 Hz)
Narrowband volume-selective (STEAM 10 Hz)
If the frequency lies outside the narrowband standard range (no
resonance line in the spectrum), it is recommended to search a
wide frequency band first to limit the frequency. To subsequently adjust the transmit frequency, you will have to work with
a narrow frequency band.
C.2
Following each non-volume-selective adjustment scan, it is
necessary to perform at least one volume-selective adjustment.
Select a sequence and resolution from the list.
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Selecting the gain
C.2
You may set the receive gain to match the intensity of the measured signal.
C.2
Click the Low button if the receive signal is strong.
Or
C.2
Click the High button if the receive signal is weak.

If necessary, the system will adjust this setting automatically.
Starting to scan
C.2
After you have entered all parameters, you can start the adjustment.
C.2
Click the Go button.
Canceling the
measurement
C.2
Click the Abort button to cancel an adjustment scan in

progress.
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Operator Manual
Results display
C.2
The results are displayed both numerically and graphically.

C.2
Numeric results
C.2
The results are listed below the running numbers. The following
parameters are displayed:
C.2
No.; running number of the measurement
Freq. [MHz]; transmit frequency in MHz
Ampl. [V]; transmit amplitude of the adjustment measurement
Pos.; position of the largest "peak" of the amplitude in the
frequency domain (in units of the signal graph)
Diff [Hz]; Difference between the transmit frequency and the
calculated "better" frequency
C.freq. [MHz]; calculated, "better" frequency
A.; transmit frequency successfully adjusted (Yes/No)
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Graphic results
C.2
The results are displayed graphically in both the time and the
frequency domain. The maximum values of the raw data set are
displayed numerically in the graphics.
C.2
If available, the "resonance peak" is highlighted.
C.2
Vertical marker
C.2
A vertical marker is shown when you position the mouse pointer

inside the graphic display of the frequency domain. It indicates
the delta frequency of the calculated resonance frequency. If no
peak was detected during the adjustment, the absolute frequency is indicated instead.
C.2
The position of the resonance frequency is indicated by a

small line at the top of the graphic.
Transferring the
frequency
C.2
You may select a frequency graphically by moving the vertical

marker.
C.2
Just left-click the line.
The frequency is entered in the Frequency (temp) field.
C.2
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Operator Manual
Inverting the frequency

axis and zooming the
graphic
A context menu is available when the mouse pointer is positioned inside the graphic display of the frequency domain.
C.2
C.2
You can invert the default display of all frequency axes (from left
to right) or zoom into the detected peak. If no peak is available,
the program zooms into the center of the graphic.
C.2
When you select a new patient, the default display of the frequency axes is restored. Any zoom applied is reset when you
perform a new measurement.
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Receive channel
selecting
C.2
The receive channel is used to select the signals of the local

coils. In addition to the receive channel (Ch.), the coil name
(Coil) and the connector (Con.) are displayed in the selection
list.
C.2
The Combined entry is used to select the combined signal of
all coils selected.
Select the receive channel whose signal you want displayed.
Accepting the frequency

for the measurement
system
C.2
After successful adjustment "Y" in the numeric result field), the

frequency is automatically loaded in the scan system. This may
require several iterations.
C.2
Manual acceptance
without successful
adjustment
C.2
You may correct the frequency manually if the system cannot

detect the correct frequency, e.g. due to the proximity of the resonance signals.
C.2
Enter a value in the Frequency spin box.

Or
C.2
Accept the frequency graphically using the vertical marker.

Click the Apply button in the Manual adjustments dialog
box.
This frequency is then used as the system frequency for subsequent scans.
C.2
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Operator Manual
Transmitter adjustment
C.2
Transmitter adjustment is used for calibration of the transmitter.

The reference amplitude is continuously varied until the spins
are rotated 180 (flip angle) by the RF pulse. Two echoes are
generated, one normal echo and one stimulated echo. The
magnitude and the phase relation of both echoes is directly
related to the targeted flip angle.
C.2
C.2
Select Options > Adjustments and go to the Transmitter

card.
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(1)
(2)
(7)
(8)
(3)
(9)
(4)
(10)
(5)
(11)
(6)
(12)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Displaying numeric results

Normal echo (Echo 1) and stimulated echo (Echo 2)
Real part of the measurement signal in the time domain
Imaginary part of the measurement signal in the time
domain
(5) Amplitude of the measurement signal in the frequency
domain
(6) Phase of the measurement signal in the frequency domain
(7) Enter the temporary reference amplitude
(8) System reference amplitude
(9) Start amplitude
(10) Receiver gain
(12) Range display
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Operator Manual
Transmitter calibration involves performing scans, each with a

slightly different reference amplitude.
C.2
Entering the amplitude
C.2
For each scan, you can enter a new reference amplitude in

the Amplitude (temp) spin box.
For comparison, the amplitude currently used by the system is
displayed below.
C.2
The temporary amplitude that you enter is only used for
adjustment scans. The system amplitude is used for examinations.
Start amplitude
C.2
The Start amplitude text field shows the amplitude value (specific parameter of the transmitter coil) used for the first iteration.C.2
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Range display
C.2
Selecting the gain
C.2
The range displayed shows the range available for the reference amplitude. If your entry is outside the range, you have to
correct it accordingly.
C.2
You can set the receiver gain depending on the signal intensity.
Page C.228, Selecting the gain
C.2
Starting to scan
C.2
C.2
Canceling the
measurement
C.2

progress.
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Operator Manual
Results display
C.2
The results are displayed both numerically and graphically.

C.2
Numeric results
C.2
The results are listed below the running number of the iteration.
The following parameters are displayed:
C.2
No.; running number of the adjustment measurement

Ch.; receive channel used to calculate the results
Amp.; transmitter amplitude of the adjustment scan
int1; integral data of the first echo
Ph1; phase of the first echo
int2; integral data of the second echo
Ph2; phase of the second echo
i2/i1; projection of the second echo on the first echo
Angle; measured flip angle
C. amp.; calculated "better amplitude"
A.; transmitter successfully adjusted (Yes/No)
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Graphic results
C.2
The following results are displayed graphically:
C.2
Real and imaginary part of the echo in the time domain

Amplitude and phase of the respective echo in the frequency
domain
The graphics show the maximum value of each raw data set.
C.2
Receive channel
selecting
C.2

coils.
C.2
Accepting the frequency

for the measurement
system
After successful adjustment ("Y" in the numeric field), the

amplitude is automatically transferred to the scan system.
C.2
C.2
Manual acceptance
without successful
adjustment
C.2
Within a certain range, you can also enter a reference amplitude and manually transfer it to the system without adjustment
scanning.
C.2
Click the Apply button.
The amplitude is used as the reference amplitude for the following scans.
C.2
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Operator Manual
3D Shim
C.2
The 3D shim allows you to correct inhomogeneities of the magnetic field.

C.2
Scanning is performed in two steps:
C.2
(1) First, you generate a "field map" by accepting a 3D data

set. A "field map" is a three-dimensional description of the
magnetic field.
(2) Subsequently, the shim parameters are calculated.
After interactive shimming, you have to readjust the frequency. The frequency is automatically adjusted by the system if you do not do this yourself.
C.2
Select Options > Adjustments and go to the 3D Shim card.
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(1)
(7)
(5)
(8)
(2)
(9)
(6)
(10)
(3)
(4)
(11)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)

Image area for display of the field map (64 images)
Slider for windowing the images
Switchover between magnitude and phase display
Transmit amplitude
Selection of the coil measurement signal for graphic display
(7) Name of the field map (temporary and system)
(8) Mode selection for field map display (standard and
advanced)
(9) Receive gain
(10) Temporary shim parameter set
(11) System shim parameter set
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Operator Manual
Before you can perform the 3D shim, you first have to enter the
necessary parameters. The system suggests a default value.
C.2
Entering the transmit

amplitude
C.2
You can enter the transmit amplitude for the adjustment.
C.2
Entering the shim

parameters
C.2
The nine parameters are part of a parameter set that describes

the field correction.
C.2
You can enter the transmit frequency for the measurement in

spin box A00.
You can enter the components of the linear gradients in spin
boxes A11, B11 and A10.
Depending on the configuration of your system, you can

enter the second order shimming currents in input fields A20,
A21, B21, A22 and B22.
These shim parameters are used for field map acquisition.
C.2
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Loading from tune up
C.2
Alternatively, you can load the parameters from the last system
tune up as temporary parameters.
C.2
Click the Load Tune Up button.
Or
Loading system
parameters
C.2
C.2
Load the parameters currently used by the system as temporary parameters.

C.2
Click the Load System button.
The system parameters are loaded.
C.2
Mode selection
C.2
The shim mode used to perform the adjustment is defined with

the protocol.
Page C.24, Setting shim mode
C.2
The active button shows you which mode is active (tune-up,
standard, or advanced).
C.2
Switch modes by clicking the inactive button.
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Operator Manual
Selecting the gain
C.2
You can set the receiver gain to match the intensity of the measured signal (low/high).
C.2
Starting to scan
C.2
After you have entered all parameters, you can start the adjustment. The scan takes approximately 20 seconds.
C.2
Click the Measure button.

Or
C.2

progress.
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Displaying the field map
Field map, magnitude display
C.2
The field map is displayed in the image area of the dialog box.
images are shown with a maximum resolution of
64 64 pixels.
C.2
Field map, phase display

The tomographic images are displayed row by row.
C.2
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C.244
Operator Manual
Windowing images
C.2
If the window values of the images are not optimally set, you
may readjust them manually using the two sliders in the bottom
right-hand corner of the image area.
C.2
Move the vertical slider to adjust the contrast.
Move the horizontal slider to adjust the width.
Selecting magnitude or
phase image
You may display the images as magnitude or phase images.

C.2
C.2
Click the Magnitude button to display magnitude images.

Or
C.2
Click the Phase button to display phase images.
Selecting the receive

channel
C.2

list.
C.2
all coils selected.
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Shim parameters
calculating
C.2
After scanning has been completed and the results are displayed, you may calculate the new shim parameters.
C.2
Click the Calculate button to start the calculation.

The parameters are recalculated and may be used as a basis
for the next field-map scan. They are displayed in the list of
numeric results.
C.2
Numeric results
C.2
C.2

A00; transmit frequency
A11, B11, A10; linear gradients
A20, A21, B21, A22, B22; second order shim currents
C.2
NOTE
The three-dimensional field-map scan always shows the
entire homogeneity volume of the magnet independent of
the adjustment volume.
The adjustment volume is taken into consideration and the
field homogeneity is optimized during the calculation of the
shim parameters. For this reason, changing the adjustment
volume also results in different shim parameter settings for
the same field map.
C.2
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Operator Manual
Accepting the field map

for the scan system
C.2
The temporary field map (valid locally for the adjustment) may
be applied to the scan system.
C.2
Click the Apply button in the upper section of the dialog box.
Manual acceptance of the

calculated parameters
C.2
After you have calculated the new parameters with Calculate,

you may apply them directly to the scan system as temporary
parameters. At the same time the Field Map is transferred to the
scan system.
C.2
Click the Apply button in the lower part of the dialog box.
Manual acceptance
without successful
adjustment
You can also enter shim parameters and apply them to the scan
system without performing a scan or calculation.
C.2
C.2
Click the Apply button in the lower part of the dialog box.
The parameters will be applied to the scan system.
C.2
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Interactive shim
C.2
Similar to 3D shim adjustment, interactive shimming compensates for inhomogeneities of the magnetic field. You can enter
the shim parameters and monitor the measurement of the MR
signal on the screen in real time. If you enter new parameters,
the changes are reflected in the results of the following MR signal measurement. You may continue shimming the magnetic
field until it meets your requirements.
C.2
After interactive shimming, you have to readjust the frequency. The frequency is automatically adjusted by the system if you do not do this yourself.
C.2
Select Options > Adjustments from the menu and go to the

Interactive shim card.
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C.248
Operator Manual
(1)
(2)
(7)
(3)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(11)
(12)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Numeric results
Display of best shim Result
Amplitude of the measurement signal in the time domain
Real part of the measurement signal in the time domain
Amplitude of the measurement signal in the frequency
domain
(7) Transmit amplitude
(8) Physiological parameters
(10) Temporary shim parameters and shim parameters currently used by the system
(11) Sensitivity when changing shim parameters
(12) Range display for entering the amplitude or the shim
parameters
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As soon as you go to the Interactive Shim card, the start

parameters are displayed.
C.2
Physio selection
C.2
For the adjustment scan, you may apply physiological measurement parameters from the relevant parameter card of the protocol.
C.2
Change the selection by clicking the inactive button.

Entering the transmit
amplitude
C.2
You can enter the transmit amplitude for the adjustment.
Entering the shim

parameters
C.2
The nine parameters are part of a parameter set that describes

the field correction.
C.2
You can enter the transmit frequency for scanning in input

field A00.
You can enter the components of the linear gradients in the
A11, B11, and A10 input fields.
Depending on the configuration of your system, you can

enter the second order shimming currents in input fields A20,
A21, B21, A22 and B22.
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Operator Manual
Using the plus and minus

buttons
C.2
Instead of entering shim parameters numerically, you can

increase or decrease their values using the plus or minus button.
C.2
The Sensitivity slider allows you to define the increments for
value adjustments.
Fine tuning of shim

parameters
C.2
Shimming normally begins with significant changes to the

parameter values and concludes with very small adjustments
using the plus and minus buttons.
C.2
Set the slider to high to change the shim parameters in

larger increments.
Set the slider to low to change the shim parameters in small
increments.
Range display
C.2
The range display indicates at what interval you can change the
transmit amplitude or shim parameters.
C.2
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Starting to scan
C.2
Start the adjustment by clicking the Measure button.

The measurement is performed continuously using the current
parameters. You can terminate continuous scanning with the
Stop button.
C.2
Display of
results
C.2
When the measurement is complete, the results for each measurement are displayed numerically and graphically.
C.2
The following parameters are displayed numerically:
C.2

Rec. gain; gain setting used
FWHM (Hz), (Full Width Half Maximum)
Width of the received pulse (frequency domain) at half magnitude.
Int |P|; integral of the amplitude in the time domain
T2*; transverse relaxation time
Tendency; indicates whether the parameter changes result
in shim improvement (+++) or degradation (---).
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Operator Manual
C.2
The amplitude in the time domain

the real part of the measurement signal in the time domain
The amplitude of the measurement signal in the frequency
domain (Fourier-transformed measurement signal)
the phase of the measurement signal in the frequency
domain
Receive channel
selecting
C.2

list.
C.2
all coils selected.
Changing parameters
C.2
Once the measurement results are displayed, you can make

changes while the measurement is in progress. The Tendency
column provides valuable information.
C.2
Change the parameters so that the full width at half maximum (FWHM) decreases and T2* increases.
In the numeric display, the line with the highest T2* value is
marked Best Shim.
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Undoing changes
C.2
To undo the last change to the parameters:

C.2
Click the Undo button.
Loading stored
parameters
C.2
You can load the system parameters currently stored in the

measurement system as temporary shim parameters and use
them, for example, as start parameters.
C.2
Click the Load System button.
Loading from tune up
C.2
As an alternative, you can also load parameters from the last

system tune-up as temporary parameters.
C.2
Click the Load Tune Up button.
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Operator Manual
Loading best shim

parameters
C.2
The "best" shim parameters obtained in the current scan may

be imported as temporary shim parameters. They are then
used for the next adjustment scan.
C.2
This is especially useful if you have moved away from the most
optimal values while varying parameters. The most optimal
shim parameters are determined based on the maximum transverse relaxation time (T2*).
C.2
Click the Best Shim button.
Deleting the best shim

parameter
C.2
You may delete the "best" shim parameters obtained in the current scan, making them invalid. The corresponding display is
deleted.
C.2
Click the Reset Best button.
Applying parameters to
the scan system
C.2
You can transfer the optimal shim parameters for the measurement to the measurement system.
C.2

They will be used in the next examination.
C.2
Stopping the
measurement
To stop the measurement:
C.2
C.2
Click the Stop button.
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Manual water suppression
C.2
There are special RF pulses that are used for water suppression during scans. With this adjustment, you determine a correction factor for the transmitter amplitude for these RF pulses.
Within the adjustment volume, the flip angles are set for optimal
suppression of the water signal.
C.2
C.2
Select Options > Adjustments and go to the Water suppr.

card.
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Operator Manual
(1)
(12)
(2)
(11)
(10)
(3)
(9)
(4)
(8)
(5)
(7)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

Amplitude of the measurement signal in the time domain
Phase of the measurement signal in the time domain
Amplitude of the measurement signal in the frequency
domain
(6) Select signal graphs
(7) Range display for the correction factor and the transmitter
increment
(9) Receiver gain
(10) Transmitter increment
(11) Display of the system correction factor
(12) Input field for the temporary correction factor
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C.257
Certain parameters have to be entered prior to the measurement and checked after each measurement.
C.2
Entering the correction

factor
C.2
For the first iteration, the system suggests an amplitude correction factor of 1.0 which you may edit.
C.2
You can enter a correction factor in the Corr. factor (temp)

spin box.
For comparison, the correction factor currently used by the system is displayed below.
C.2
Entering the transmitter

increment (delta transmit
amplitude)
C.2
You can enter an increment to determine the correction factor.

A number of test measurements are performed followed by
eleven adjustment measurements. The adjustment measurements cover the range of the correction factor entered minus
five increments up to the correction factor entered plus five
increments.
C.2
You can enter an increment in the Delta transmitter spin

box.
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Operator Manual
Selecting the gain
C.2
You can set the receiver gain depending on the signal intensity.
C.2
Starting to scan
C.2
C.2
The scan takes several seconds.
C.2
Canceling the
measurement
C.2

progress.
Repeat the measurements using different parameters until the
system has optimized the correction factor.
C.2
A will "Y" appear in the numeric field following successful
adjustment.
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Results display
C.2
The measurement results are displayed both numerically and

graphically.
C.2
Numeric results
C.2
C.2
CorrFac.; correction factor of the adjustment scan
Signal (CorrFac - Delta); signal strength for measurement
with correction factor minus transmitter increment
Signal (CorrFac); signal strength for scan with correction
factor
Signal (CorrFac + Delta); signal strength for scan with correction factor plus transmitter increment
NewCorrFac; calculated "better" correction factor
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Graphic results
C.2
C.2
The real and imaginary part of the measuring signal in the

time domain.
The amplitude and phase of the measuring signal in the frequency domain.
Three different signal graphs are available for display.
C.2
Click the CorrFac-Delta. button to display the signal graph of

the "correction factor minus increment" measurement.
Or
C.2
Click the CorrFac button to display the signal graph of the

measurement with the correction factor.
Or
C.2
Click the CorrFac + Delta button to display the signal graph

of the "correction factor plus increment" measurement.
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Selecting the receive

channel
C.2

list.
C.2
all coils selected.
Accepting the correction

factor
C.2
After successful adjustment, the correction factor is automatically loaded into the measurement system.
C.2
Manual acceptance
without successful
adjustment
Within a certain range, you can enter a correction factor and

manually accept it without adjustment measurement.
C.2
C.2

The correction factor is used for the following measurements. C.2
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Undoing changes
C.2
You have performed all adjustments and now want to undo the
settings.
C.2
A Reset button is available for this purpose on every card
(except 3D Shim).
C.2
Click Reset.
The parameters displayed when the dialog box was opened are
re-loaded.
C.2
System parameters that were changed during the adjustment
cannot be restored to their initial settings before the adjustment.
Completing adjustment
Exit the adjustment platform with the Close button.
C.2
C.2
Click the Close button.

The dialog box closes.
C.2
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Starting protocol adjustments manually
C.2
All adjustments planned in the selected protocol may be manually started without starting the following protocol.
C.2
Open the protocol first.
Select Options > Adjustments.
Go to the Viewing card.
Then click the Adjust All button.
The adjustments are performed.
C.2
If an error occurs during scanning, the adjustment will be

aborted and an error message is displayed.
Aborting adjustment
C.2
You can cancel a scan in progress at any time.

C.2
Click the Abort button.
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Changing the resonance frequency after

inline adjustment
C.2
Inline adjustment is performed automatically before each

scan.
C.2
You can pause the system after an inline adjustment to confirm
or change the calculated resonance frequency.
C.2
Settings on the
Adjustments card
Go to the Adjustments card.

C.2
Click the Confirm freq. adjustment option.

Page C.23, Settings on the Adjustments card
As soon as you click the card Adjustments followed by the
option Freq. Adjust, the dialog box Confirm Frequency Spectrum is shown after each inline adjustment. You may correct the
resonant frequency or accept it without changes.
C.2
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(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Amplitude in the adjustment scan

Temporary frequency
Display of the system frequency
Selection of the receive channel
Range display for entering the frequency
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Graphic display of the

adjustment scan
The graphic display of the last frequency scan is displayed.
C.2
C.2
You can modify the frequency graphically by moving the vertical

marker. Place the mouse pointer in the graphic display of the
frequency domain. A vertical marker is displayed.
C.2
Click on the line.
The newly selected frequency is transferred to the Frequency
(temp) field.
C.2
If no adjustment graphic is available, you will have to generate
the data for graphic display by performing manual frequency
adjustment.
C.2
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Before manual frequency adjustment, you first have to enter a

few parameters.
C.2
Entering the frequency
C.2
C.2
You can enter a new transmitter frequency in the Frequency

(temp) input field.
The frequency currently used is displayed in the field underneath for comparison.
C.2
The temporary frequency that you may enter yourself is only
used for adjustment scans. The system frequency is used for
examinations.
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Range display
C.2
Receive channel
selecting
C.2
Use the range display to verify the accuracy of the selected frequency. If it is out of range, correct it accordingly.
C.2

list.
C.2
all coils selected.
Starting the measurement C.2
After you have corrected the resonance frequency, you may

start scanning.
C.2
Click the Continue button.
Canceling the
measurement
C.2
You may stop the examination if you are not satisfied with the
frequency spectrum.
C.2
Click the Cancel button.
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Displaying adjustment results
C.2
The Show card in the Manual adjustments dialog box displays

the results of all the adjustments performed. It provides an overview of the current status of your scan system.
C.2
Use the selection buttons to define the information to be displayed.
Displaying all adjustment
parameters
Select Options > Adjustments.

C.2
Go to the Show card.
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NOTE
This list is usually provided for diagnostic purposes
handled by Siemens Service.
Updating the display of

parameters
C.2
C.2
You can update the scan results displayed on the card after
each adjustment.
C.2
Just click the Update Information button.
Rejecting all adjustment

results
If you want to reject all the adjustments already performed:

C.2
C.2
Click the Invalidate All button.

The system is now in an unadjusted state.
C.2
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Selecting Parameters for Display

C.2
Detail of information for the

parameters displayed
C.2
You can define the scope of the information to be displayed. All

of the important parameters are displayed in "customer"
mode.
C.2
Adjustment vector
Select the parameter sets you want to display.
C.2
The following parameter sets may be selected:
C.2
C.2
System (SYS): Adjustment parameters applicable to the

system.
Temporary (ADJ): Parameters acquired via the current
adjustment process.
Last used (LOADED): Adjustment parameters used in the
last scan.
Saved: All saved adjustment parameters.
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Adjustment type
C.2
Specify the adjustment types to be displayed.
C.2
The relevant adjustment parameters are displayed with the

selected adjustment type.
C.2
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Operator Manual
PART
Patient Browser
D.0
D.1 Introduction
Databases and drives .................................................... D.12
Data levels ..................................................................... D.14
Calling up the Patient Browser ....................................... D.16
The Patient Browser window ......................................... D.17
Customizing the Patient Browser window ............... D.110
Image stamps .............................................................. D.116
D.2 Searching for and Displaying Patient Data

Displaying information levels ......................................... D.22
Scrolling through and selecting patient data .................. D.26
Filtering data ................................................................ D.211
Using standard filters ............................................... D.211
Creating a user-defined filter ................................... D.213
Sorting data .................................................................. D.219
Sorting patients ........................................................ D.220
Sorting examinations ............................................... D.221
Sorting series ........................................................... D.222
Sorting images ......................................................... D.223
Printing out a data list .................................................. D.228
Reading data from storing media ................................. D.231
Searching for and importing data in the network ......... D.234
Searching for data ................................................... D.236
Search Selected ...................................................... D.241
Importing data .......................................................... D.242
Configuring Patient Search ...................................... D.244
Calling up additional information about a patient ......... D.246
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Contents
Patient Browser
D.3 Transferring Data to other Applications

Registering the patient again .......................................... D.32
Viewing and processing images ..................................... D.33
Splitting mosaic images into single images .................... D.37
Processing images in 3D .............................................. D.310
Private applications ...................................................... D.312
D.4 Correcting Data

Correcting patient or examination data .......................... D.42
Moving data .................................................................. D.410
Displaying a history of changes .................................... D.414
D.5 Storing, Sending and Filming Data

Storing data on an external medium .............................. D.52
Sending data via the network ......................................... D.53
Printing patient data from data media ............................ D.55
Exporting images to the file system ................................ D.56
Filming ............................................................................ D.57
D.6 Maintaining your Data

Defining the work status ................................................. D.62
Marking examination data .............................................. D.66
Procedure tracking with MPPS ....................................... D.68
Editing the performance documentation .................... D.68
Displaying actions, billing ......................................... D.612
Sending and concluding a report ............................. D.613
Closing the performance report without saving ........ D.615
Deleting data ................................................................ D.616
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Contents
D.7 Configuring the Patient Browser

General settings ............................................................. D.72
Toolbar ...................................................................... D.73
Work status ................................................................ D.74
Delete confirmation .................................................... D.75
Hierarchical view in the navigation and content area ..... D.76
List entries ............................................................... D.710
Hiding data levels .................................................... D.713
List display / image stamp display ........................... D.714
Single View of the content area ................................... D.715
Configuring user-defined applications .......................... D.718
D.8 Reporting
Basics ............................................................................ D.83
Layout ........................................................................ D.84
Creating a report ............................................................ D.86
Editing a report............................................................... D.87
Opening a report ........................................................ D.88
Navigating in the report ........................................... D.810
Editing a report ........................................................ D.812
Saving a report ........................................................ D.822
Printing a report ........................................................... D.824
Opening the print preview ........................................ D.824
Close the print preview ............................................ D.826
Starting to print ........................................................ D.827
Sending a report .......................................................... D.829
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Contents
Patient Browser
Configuration settings for the report ............................. D.831

Opening a configuration ........................................... D.832
Enter general settings .............................................. D.833
Create and edit diagnostic encoding schemes ........ D.836
Save and close configuration settings...................... D.842
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
D.1
Introduction
D.1
The Patient Browser supports you with administration of the

patient and examination data that are stored in the databases
of your system.
D.1
With the Patient Browser you can search for data in a fast and
uncomplicated way and then process that data in the browser
or in the task cards.
D.1
When to access data with

the Patient Browser
D.1
To examine a patient who has already been examined once

before with your system.
To view the images of a patient from earlier examinations in
order to compare them with current results.
To comment or postprocess images after an examination.
To correct incorrect information for a patient stored in your
system.
To save patient and examination data or to send them to
another location in your hospital via the network.
To expose images of a patient onto film for reporting or documentation purposes.
Security-Privileges
D.1
When Security is activated, you can correct, rearrange and set

work states only if you are authorized to do so.
Page B.268, PatientBrowser
D.1
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Introduction
Patient Browser
Databases and drives
D.1
In the Patient Browser you access patient and examination

data that are stored in the various databases of your system or
on external data media such as CDs.
D.1
Scheduler
D.1
The scheduler contains the data of all preregistered patients.

This database gives you an overview of all patients who have
been preregistered for examination. Here you can search for a
patient to register him or her for an examination.
The scheduler can be updated with data from an HIS/RIS system either automatically or manually if the system is connected
to one.
D.1
Local database
D.1
The local database is the area of your system in which the

patient data and results of current examinations are stored.
If the data volume in the local database increases, the access
times become longer and examinations are slowed down.
Therefore you should regularly move data from your local
database to storage media.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Connected drives
Introduction
D.1
One ore more CD drives are connected to your system. The

icons with the drive names provide a quick way of accessing
these archiving media. As soon as an examination has been
completed and evaluated you should save the examination data
and then delete it from the local database.
D.1
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Introduction
Patient Browser
Data levels
D.1
In the databases and on the external data media, the patient

and examination data are structured hierarchically. This structure helps you find examination results quickly.
D.1
The display of the data levels depends on the configuration.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Database
Patient
Study
Series
Instances
Depending on the database, the work status of each database entry is displayed as an abbreviation. You will find information about the processing status on
Page D.62, Defining the work status
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Patient
Introduction
D.1
The examination data of different patients are stored by the

names of the patients in your database.
D.1
Study / Procedure
D.1
A study is an examination which is conducted to find answers to

a particular question, usually as a result of a referral. A study
consists of one or more series. In the Scheduler, the planned
Procedure is stored at this level.
D.1
Series / Procedure Step
D.1
All the images of a measurement or of an image-processing

operation are designated to a series. In the Scheduler, the Procedure Steps for the examination are listed at this level.
D.1
Procedure Steps are not displayed for patients preregistered
locally (i.e. at this workstation).
Instances
D.1
D.1
On the lowest data level, the Instance Level, the individual

images are stored and depending on the modality, the data sets
from which images can be generated (e.g. raw data). All entries
on the Instance Level are generally referred to as images.
In the Scheduler, you will find the individual Action Items for
the Procedure Step in question at this point.
D.1
Action Items are not displayed for patients preregistered
locally (i.e. at this workstation).
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D.15
Introduction
Patient Browser
Calling up the Patient Browser
D.1
You can call up the Patient Browser window either from the
main menu or by using the symbol keypad.
D.1
Main menu
D.1
D.1
Call up the Patient Browser in the main menu by selecting

the entry Patient > Browser....
Or
Symbol keypad
D.1
D.1
Press the Browser key on the symbol keypad (Num.).
D.1
NOTE
If a dialog box is open and active the button Patient
Browser might not function.
D.1
Click into the image area to deactivate the dialog box, or

close the dialog box.
D.1
NOTE
If you call up the Patient Browser on the satellite console,
it will not be updated automatically.
D.1
To update it, select View > Refresh.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Introduction
The Patient Browser window
D.1
When you call up the Patient Browser, the Patient Browser

window is displayed and placed in the foreground.
D.1
The window is subdivided into various processing areas and
therefore provides you with access to your data in a clearly laid
out manner.
D.1
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Menu and tool bar

Navigation area
Information area
Content area
Status bar
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D.17
Introduction
Tool bar
Patient Browser
D.1
You can work on the data you have selected using the menus
or the icon buttons on the tool bar.
D.1
In Browser Configuration you can define which buttons the
tool bar contains.
Page D.72, General settings
You can hide the toolbar by deselecting View > Toolbar.
Navigation area
D.1
The lower data levels for the selected databases, patients,

examinations, and series are displayed graphically in the navigation area.
D.1
Using the mouse you can select patient, study, series or image
data in order to edit it or to transfer it to other applications. Every
selection you make in the navigation area is automatically
shown in the content area.
D.1
Information area
D.1
In the information area you can see brief information about the
patient and study selected. When the navigation area is hidden,
you can also see which database is open and which data level
is displayed.
Page D.112, Showing and hiding window sections
D.1
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Content area
Introduction
D.1
In the content area you will see a list of the studies or procedures for the patient selected in the navigation area. If you
select the lower data levels, you can see which series or procedure steps are stored for a study and which images or action
items are stored for a series or procedure step.
D.1
In Browser Configuration you can define which information
is to be displayed for each entry.
In the content area you can also select patient and examination
data for further processing.
D.1
You can toggle between a list display or image stamp display.
Page D.113, Display of lists and image stamps in the content area
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Introduction
Patient Browser
Customizing the Patient Browser window
D.1
You can alter the display of the Patient Browser window and in
this way optimize it for your way of working. For example, you
can have a certain area enlarged in order to view as much data
as possible at one time.
D.1
Changing the window

size
D.1
You can enlarge, reduce, and pan the Patient Browser window
on your screen as you require.
Page A.225, Resizing and moving a window
D.1
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Introduction
Enlarging and reducing the

navigation and content
areas
D.1
D.1
You can change the height of the navigation and content areas
with respect to one another using the mouse. The larger you
make the navigation area the smaller the content area will
become and vice versa.
D.1
Move the mouse cursor to the border of the navigation area.
The cursor changes shape to a small vertical double arrow.
D.1
Drag the line down to enlarge the navigation area and reduce
the content area.
Or
D.1
Drag the line up to reduce the navigation area and enlarge

the content area.
In the image stamp display, the content area can only be
enlarged or reduced in steps so that image stamps are not cut
off.
Page D.113, Display of lists and image stamps in the content area
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Introduction
Showing and hiding

window sections
Patient Browser
D.1
You can have the tool bar, navigation area, and information area
either displayed or not, in order to create more room in the
Patient Browser window.
D.1
D.1
Click on View > Toolbar to hide or show the tool bar.

Click on View > Info Area to hide or show the information
area.
Click on View > Tree to hide or show the data structure in the
navigation area.
If the data structure is not displayed, the data level set in the
configuration is displayed in the content area. In the navigation
area, you can see which database these entries belong to.
Page D.715, Single View of the content area
D.1
When switching to tree/single view, the previous selection will
not be retained.
In order to switch between the databases in the navigation
area you must first display the tree structure.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Display of lists and image

stamps in the content areaD.1
Introduction
If you have selected a study or series in the navigation area, all

the associated series and images are displayed in the content
area. With the View menu you can toggle between a list or
image stamp display.
D.1
Click on View > Image Stamps to have series and images

displayed as image stamps (menu entry has a checkmark) or
as a list in the content area (no checkmark next to menu
entry).
In Browser Configuration you can define what information
the list entries and the image stamps contain.
Page D.76, Hierarchical view in the navigation and content area
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D.113
Introduction
Showing and hiding

databases and drives
Patient Browser
D.1
You can have individual databases and drives either displayed

or not in the navigation area depending on whether you need
them for your work.
D.1
Call up View > Source to open a submenu.
Select the databases and drives that you want to be displayed as an icon in the navigation area.
The names of the submenu entries depend on the configuration of your system.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Customizing the table in

the content area
Introduction
D.1
The list display of patient and examination data in the content

area consists of a table. You can alter the preset column widths
for each column.
D.1
Click on the header of the table in the content area with the
mouse cursor.
Drag the right column boundary to the right to enlarge the
column.
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Introduction
Patient Browser
Image stamps
D.1
If View > Image Stamps is activated, all data objects are displayed as image stamps on the image/data level.
D.1
D.1
Data objects include series or images of a patient and data sets

from which images can be generated (e.g. raw data, 3D
objects) as well as curves (e.g. ECG curves) and texts.
D.1
If you click on an image stamp with the mouse the object will be
selected.
Double-click or drag & drop loads the data into the task card
that is at the top of the stack of cards, e.g. the Viewing card.
D.1
Data objects
D.1
This is a selection of possible data objects. (The range of possible objects is continuously expanded with each software version.)
D.1
Symbol
D.1
Object
D.1
Description
D.1
Image
An image is directly displayed smaller.
Raw data
The raw data on which the calculation of

images is based is represented symbolically.
Report
Parameters, images and results of an

examination and comments are stored in
the study report.
Result
Results of an evaluation of image data

(e.g., curves).
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Introduction
Symbol
D.1
Object
D.1
Description
D.1
Fusion
Registration
Matrix
Contains the coordinates for the alignment

of two image data sets.
Fly Path
Contains the coordinates of the threedimensional Fly path created and stored
during a Fly Through session.
3D Object Editor Object
3D objects of a volume data set created

with the 3D Object Editor.
Radiotherapy
Object
Data of radiotherapy objects like StructSets or Plan.
Broken Image
Image has been destroyed, e.g., loading of

the image has been interrupted.
Black Image
Black images are special images containing graphics, tables, histograms or reports.
Loading image
Image is currently loading.
Waveforms
Data of a curve, e.g. ECG curves and other

physiological data.
D.1
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Introduction
Patient Browser
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
D.2
Searching for and

Displaying Patient Data
D.2
In the Patient Browser window you can view all the patient and
examination data stored in the databases of your system and
on external archiving media.
D.2
You can search for patient data to examine a patient again or to
review, film, or save his or her images.
D.2
You can search for patient data in the Patient Browser by navigating through the data levels of the window by mouse click or
using the keyboard.
D.2
You can speed up your search by sorting the data displayed,
e.g. alphabetically by the last name of the patient, or by filtering
the data displayed and only viewing a certain subset.
D.2
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D.21
Patient Browser
Displaying information levels
D.2
When searching for patient and examination data you move

through the navigation area with the mouse or you select Open
Subtree in the View menu to open lower data levels.
D.2
Displaying a data tree
D.2
D.2
Click on the icon of a patient entry in the navigation area of

the Patient Browser window to view that patients data levels.
Only the first subobject is displayed down to its lowest level.
D.2
In the content area you can see a list of all studies that are available for that patient.
D.2
Click on another patient to hide the first patients data tree
and view the information levels of the other patient instead.
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D.22
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Opening a data tree
D.2
Select an entry in the navigation area.

Select the menu entry View > Open Subtree to view all the
entries of lower data levels (open up the data tree completely).
Or
D.2
D.2
Click on this button on the toolbar.
Or
D.2
Call up the popup menu with the right mouse button (or Shift
+ F10) and click on Open Subtree.
The function Open Subtree is especially useful if you have
selected several patients simultaneously.
If you select the icon for a database or drive the Open Subtree menu item and the button remain dimmed. At this level
you cannot open the data tree.
Closing a subtree
D.2
Call up View > Close Subtree in the main menu or Close

Subtree in the popup menu to close the lower information
levels again.
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D.23
Updating the scheduler
D.2
Patient Browser
If your system is connected to an HIS/RIS system, the scheduler is automatically updated at regular intervals with information from the registration depending on the service configuration. You can also start this updating operation manually. In this
way you can ensure that you are always working with the latest
data.
D.2
Select View > Update Worklist to update the scheduler.
Or
D.2
Click on the icon for the scheduler to update it and then open
it.
Depending on the configuration, the Worklist Time Range
window is displayed in which you can limit the time frame for
your query.
Page E.33, Defining the worklist time range
In the Patient Browser, all patients who are preregistered for
examination on your system are now displayed.
D.2
Clearing the scheduler
D.2
You have the possibility to delete data from the Scheduler.
D.2
Call up Edit > Clear Scheduler in the menu of the Patient

Browser.
Page D.623, Clear Scheduler
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D.24
Operator Manual
Patient Browser

of the databases
D.2
Changes and additions to database entries that you make on

your workstation or are made via the network are automatically
displayed in the Patient Browser window. You can initiate this
updating manually, too, if the automatic process is delayed.
D.2
Call up View > Refresh to update the display of the navigation and content areas.
Or
D.2
Click on this button.
NOTE
If you are working on a satellite console, you must update
the database with Refresh key.
D.2
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D.25
Patient Browser
Scrolling through and selecting

patient data
D.2
You can search for a patients examination data in the databases in order to process it further.
D.2
After you have called up the Patient Browser window for the
first time the local database will open. All the patients stored in
it are listed in the navigation and content area.
D.2
The data levels of the first patient are displayed in the navigation area.
D.2
If you call up the Patient Browser again later, it appears in
the display last set.
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D.26
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Now select a database in the navigation area and search for the
patient you require. You then open the lower levels of information until you have found the data you are looking for of the
patient concerned.
D.2
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D.27
Example
D.2
D.2
Patient Browser
For example, to select certain images of a patient for processing you can open the information levels patient, study, and
series one after the other until the images you require are listed
or displayed (as image stamps) in the content area.
D.2
Click on the icon for the database in which the patient is
stored in the navigation area.
If necessary, scroll through the list of patients using the scroll
bar until you have found the patient you require.
You will find the patient you are looking for even faster if you
press the key for the first letter of the patient's name on the
keyboard. The selection then jumps to the first patient entry
with this initial letter.
D.2
D.2
Click on the patient you are looking for in the navigation area
to view the information levels stored for this patient as icons.
All the studies of this patient are displayed in the content
area.
Click on a study in the navigation area to select it and to view
all the associated series.
Click on a series in the navigation area to select it and to
obtain an overview of all the images contained in it in the
content area.
D.2
Click on an image in the content area to select it.
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Patient Browser
Depending on whether you have clicked on View > Image

Stamps or not, the series and images are displayed as image
stamps or listed in the content area.
Page D.110, Customizing the Patient Browser window
Data selection with the
keyboard
D.2
Using the keyboard you can reach various data entries in the
Patient Browser very quickly. The key assignment for the
selection options in the active area (navigation or content area)
is summarized in the following table.
D.2
D.2
Key
Selection
Key
Selection
Home
First entry
End
Last entry
Page up
First visible entry
Page down
Last visible entry
Entry one
line up (same
level)
Entry one
line down (same
level)
Entry left (level

up in navigation
area)
Entry right (level

down in
navigation area)
Tab
or
Shift + Tab
Toggle between
the navigation
and content area
Letter
1st entry with the

appropriate
starting letter
When you press and hold the Ctrl key and click the data input
with the mouse, you are selecting the inputs exclusively. However, when you press the Shift key and click data inputs with
the mouse, you are selecting the inputs inclusively (standard
Windows functionality).
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Multiple selection
D.2
Patient Browser
You can also select several patients at once, for example, to

save their data, or you can select several images of one patient
in order to review them.
D.2
Mark the patient entries or examination data you require in
the navigation or content area with the mouse keeping the
Ctrl key pressed.
Page A.217, Selecting several objects
Or
D.2
Select the first entry you require in the navigation or content

area. Hold the Shift key pressed and extend your selection
using the keyboard.
Page D.29, Data selection with the keyboard
The images are transferred to the task card in the same order
in which they were selected.
Multi-select is only possible on one data level in the tree display. Data selected must belong to the same entry at the next
highest data level (e.g. several series of one study but not
several series of different studies).
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Patient Browser
Filtering data
D.2
If the volume of data in the navigation and content areas is very

large, you can simplify the search for patient data by filtering the
data. You then only view a certain selection of patients, studies,
series, and images.
D.2
Using standard filters
D.2
When filtering your data you can use filter criteria that are
offered by default by your system. These are available to you on
the menu bar or with the buttons on the toolbar.
D.2
In Browser Configuration, you can add standard filters to or
remove them from the menu bar or toolbar.
Page D.18, Tool bar
Filter menu
D.2
Select one of the filtering criteria in the Filter menu of the

Patient Browser.
These default filters evaluate the status or marking of data on
all data levels.
Page D.66, Marking examination data
D.2
Or
D.2
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Filters on the toolbar
Patient Browser
D.2
Call up a standard filter using the toolbar.

In Browser Configuration (Options > Configure Browser)
you can configure the contents of the toolbar.
Page D.73, Toolbar
Depending on the filtering criteria selected these data are now
displayed:
D.2
Not Archived
Only the data which have not been saved are displayed.
Not Printed
Only the data which have not yet been printed are displayed.
Not Sent
Only the data which have not yet been sent in the network are
displayed.
Not Marked
Only the data which are not marked are displayed.
Marked
Only marked data are displayed.
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Patient Browser
Deactivating the filter
D.2
A filter remains active until you replace it by another filter.
D.2
The status bar shows you which filter is currently in use.

If you exit the Patient Browser and call it up again later on,
the last filter that has been selected is still active.
D.2
Call up Filter > Off or click on the icon button to have all the
data displayed again (unfiltered).
Creating a user-defined filter
D.2
Using the Patient Browser you can also create your own filter
criteria in order to filter the database according to a combination
of target items.
D.2
If you keep self-defined filters general, you can use them more
frequently to have a certain subset of the data displayed in a
quick and uncomplicated manner.
D.2
If you define very specific filters, you can search for patient and
examination data in a direct and time-saving way.
D.2
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Creating a filter
D.2
Patient Browser
Call up Options > Filter Settings....

The Filter Specification dialog box is displayed with input
fields for the filter name and five filtering criteria.
D.2
Enter a suitable name in the Filter Name field by which your

filter is to be known.
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Patient Browser
D.2
Select one of the filtering criteria offered in the selection list.

Depending on which criteria you select, input fields combined
with and, or or From ... to appear or the criteria has no additional input field.
D.2
Enter target items in the input field combined with or of

which at least one must be fulfilled.
Enter target items in the input fields combined with and that
must all be fulfilled.
In the input fields combined with From - to enter the range

in which the data you are searching for must be contained.
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Example of a userdefined filter
D.2
Patient Browser
The following user-defined filter was created to find a particular

series of a thorax examination in a database.
D.2
This filter only selects marked series that have already been
completed, filmed, and archived and that were acquired with a
slice position between 0 and 100.
D.2
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Patient Browser
Saving a filter
D.2
Click on OK to save the filter. You will return to the Patient

Browser window.
Or
D.2
Click on Cancel to return to the Patient Browser window

without saving the new filter.
Using user-defined filters
D.2
D.2
User-defined filters are placed in the Filter menu as additional

menu entries.
D.2
Call up, for example, Filter > Thorax-Series-Marked, to filter all data to your criteria.
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Removing user-defined
filters
D.2
Patient Browser
When you no longer require a user-defined filter, you can

remove it from the Filter menu again to keep the menu clear. D.2
Call up the Filter dialog box and select the filter you want to
delete in the selection list next to Filter Name.
Click on Delete to remove the filter from the list.

If necessary, select further filters from the selection list and
remove them in the same way.
D.2
D.2
Then click on OK to confirm deletion of the filter.

You return to the Patient Browser window.
D.2
Or
D.2
Click on Cancel to keep all filters as they were.
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Patient Browser
Sorting data
D.2
You can sort the data displayed in the Patient Browser by various criteria. This enables you to output the data in a certain
sequence and makes it easier to find certain patient and examination data.
D.2
Depending on the selected data level, different sorting criteria
will be active in the Sort menu.
D.2
You can define your own sort schemes with up to three sort levels for sorting the images.
D.2
The selected sort criteria or sort scheme is marked by a checkmark next to the menu item. The checkmark remains until you
select another criteria.
D.2
You can reverse the sorting order for each selected sort criteria.D.2
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Patient Browser
Sorting patients
D.2
You may sort the list of patients in the local database or scheduler.
D.2
Select the Local database or the Scheduler.
D.2
Select a sort criteria under Sort in the menu.

Patient Name
The patients will be displayed in alphabetical order from
A to Z.
DB Date and Time
The patients will be displayed in order of registration starting
with the most recent patient.
Work Status (filmed, archived, sent)
You may select a work status. The patients will then be
sorted by progress in this work step, starting with the patient
who has progressed furthest.
Page D.62
You can reverse the sort order.
D.2
Select Sort > Reverse Order.
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Patient Browser
Sorting examinations
D.2
You can sort the list of examinations of a patient in the local

database.
D.2
Select a Patient from the Local database.
D.2
Select a sort criteria from the Sort menu.

Study Description
The examinations will be displayed in alphabetical order by
name from A to Z.
Study Date and Time
The examinations will be displayed by time created starting
with the most recent examination.
Work Status (filmed, archived, sent, work sequence)
You may select a work status. The examinations will then be
sorted by progress in this work step, starting with the examination that has progressed furthest.
Page D.62
D.2

In case the selected sort order cannot be applied, the following default order is automatically used:
Patient Name
Study Description
Series Number
Instance Number
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Patient Browser
Sorting series
D.2
You can sort the list of series of an examination.
D.2
Select a Patient and an Examination from the Local database.

D.2

Series Number
The series will be sorted by their series number and displayed starting with the smallest.
Series Description
The series will be displayed in alphabetical order by name
from A to Z.
Series Date and Time
The series will be displayed by time created starting with the
most recent series.
Modality
Work Status (filmed, archived, sent, work sequence)
You may select a work status. The series will then be sorted
by progress in this work step, starting with the series that has
progressed furthest.
Page D.62
D.2
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Patient Browser
Sorting images
D.2
You can sort the list of images of a series.
D.2
Select a Patient, an Examination, and a Series from the

Local database.
D.2

Instance Number
The images of a series are numbered on creation. This numbering is determined by the orientation and position of the
images.
Instance Date and Time
The images will be displayed by time created starting with
the most recent series.
Slice Position
The images will be sorted by their main orientation (tra - cor
- sag) and by slice position within the main orientation.
Modality Specific Data
Page D.224, MR-specific sort criteria
Work Status (filmed, archived, sent)
You may select a work status. The images will then be sorted
by progress in this work step, starting with the image that has
progressed furthest.
Page D.62
Multiple
Page D.226, Multiple sorting
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Sorting in the
content area
D.2
D.2
D.2
Patient Browser
You can also sort in the content area.
D.2
Example: Sorting the images by slice position:
D.2
Click on the Slice Position line in the content area.

The images are sorted and displayed in ascending order by
slice position. You can recognize the direction by the triangle. D.2
Click on the slice position line again.
D.2
The sort order will be reversed.
D.2
MR-specific sort criteria
D.2
MR images and data may also be sorted by further sorting criteria and schemes.
D.2
Selecting a sort criteria from the menu under Sort > Modality Specific Data > ....
D.2
Anatomical
Multiple standard sort scheme for localizer and anatomical
examinations.
Page F.316, Using a Siemens sort scheme
Triggered
Multiple Siemens sort scheme for triggered examinations.
Chronological
Multiple Siemens sort scheme for sorting by time of creation
of the images.
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Patient Browser
Instance Oriented
Multiple Siemens sort scheme for sorting by image number.
Echo Time (TE)
Series that have been acquired with multiple echo protocols,
contain images based on different contrasts (e.g. T2 images,
proton density images). You can use sorting to separate
these images by echo time.
Repetition Time (TR)
The images of a series are sorted by TR.
Inversion Time (TI)
The images of a series are sorted by TI.
Trigger Time (TT)
The images of a series are sorted by TT.
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Multiple sorting
D.2
Patient Browser
You can define a separate sort scheme with up to three levels

for sorting within a series. You define a sort criteria for each of
the three levels.
D.2
The images are first ordered by the sort criteria of the first level.
The sort criteria of the second level is used if images are identical by the first sort criteria. The sort criteria of the third level is
only used if images are identical by the first and second sort criteria.
D.2
Select Sort > Multiple.

The Image Display Order dialog box opens.
D.2
The following sort criteria are available:
D.2
Main orientation (MO)

MR Slice position (SP)
Trigger time (TT)
Acquisition time (TA)
Echo time (TE)
Image number (NR)
B_Value (BV)
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Patient Browser
D.2
Select a criteria for the first level.
D.2
Select a criteria for the second level.
D.2
If necessary, select a criteria for the third level.

Example: Sorting of the images of a multi-slice protocol by slice
D.2
position and image number.
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Patient Browser
Printing out a data list
D.2
If your system is connected to a printer, you can print out examination data in the form of a list. On printing out, the information
displayed in the content area is displayed.
D.2
Display the required patient and examination data in the content area.
Page D.26, Scrolling through and selecting patient data
To print out the content area, you can work both in the tree
display and in the single display.
Page D.112, Showing and hiding window sections
You can even print data lists of you have already stored the
patient data, for example, for archiving or transfer to a local
data medium.
Page D.55, Printing patient data from data media
Displaying the print

preview
D.2
Call up Patient > Print Preview... to have the printout displayed in a preview.
Click on Close window to close the print preview again.
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Patient Browser
Printing out a list
D.2
Call up Patient > Print List to print out the data listed in the
content area.
In a list of patients, the content and date of creation of the list is
stated in the header of the printout. For all other data levels, the
content of the information area is also printed.
D.2
This list is always printed out in English.
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Changing printer
settings
D.2
Patient Browser
You can change the printer settings (e.g. page margins) in the
Windows NT/Windows XP print dialog.
D.2
Call up Patient > Print... and make the required settings in
the dialog box shown.
D.2
Click on OK to apply the new settings.
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Patient Browser
Reading data from storing media
D.2
You can import patient and examination data archived or

exported onto a data medium in DICOM format into your system (into the local database) if a drive has been installed and
configured appropriately.
D.2
With the current program version, you can only import
DICOM data.
Single images in DICOM format can also be imported by the
file system.
Chapter J.4, Exchanging Data via the Hard Disk
D.2
Data media
D.2
Click on the icon of a data medium in the navigation area to

display all the patient data stored there.
Depending on the drive setting of your system, you can read

data from the following media:
D.2
MOD (magneto optical disk) 3.5" and 5.25"
3.5" diskettes
CD or CD-R
Page J.26, Storing data on CD
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Changing data media
D.2
D.2
Patient Browser
Call up Transfer > Eject from... and select the appropriate

drive from the list which is then displayed.
Remove the data medium from the drive and insert the new
medium into the corresponding drive.
Or
D.2
Call up Transfer > Eject From <drive name>, or press the

eject button on the CD drive and change the medium.
Page J.22, Inserting and ejecting data media
MODs that are written by other systems should only be
inserted with write-protection. Maxpotics MODs written in SPI
format should be inserted only write protected.
D.2
Showing/hiding data
sources
D.2
With View > Source, you can hide or display archiving media
individually in the navigation area.
Page D.114, Showing and hiding databases and drives D.2
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Patient Browser
Selecting data
D.2
You search and select patient and examination data from

archive media by clicking through the data levels in the navigation area.
D.2
You can speed up your search by filtering and/or sorting the
data.
Page D.211, Filtering data
Page D.219, Sorting data
Importing data
D.2
You can import the patient and examination data selected in the
archive medium into the local database, e.g. to evaluate it, to
send it through the network, or to store it on another data
medium.
D.2
Call up Transfer > Import to import the selected data from
the data medium or network node into your local database.
Or
D.2
D.2
Click on the icon button on the toolbar.
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Patient Browser
Searching for and importing data in

the network
D.2
With Search and Search Selected, you can retrieve patient

and examination data from workstations and long-term archives
that are working with other DICOM program systems or older
syngo MR program versions and are therefore not displayed in
the navigation area.
D.2
You can import the required data into your local database via
the network and work on your workstation in the usual way, e.g.
loading the data into the Viewing task card for evaluation. D.2
You can retrieve patient and examination data only from workstations that are set up as a network node and support the
Search function.
Calling up standard
patient search
D.2
You can perform your data search in the Search window. There
you enter the search criteria, start the search, and select the
data to import.
D.2
Call up Patient > Search... in the main menu.
Or
D.2
Click the Search button in the toolbar of the Patient Browser

to display the Patient Search window.
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Patient Browser
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Input fields for search criteria

Search details area
Information area
Series details list
Buttons
Status bar
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Patient Browser
Searching for data
D.2
You search for the patients, studies or series you want to import
into your local database by entering patient, study or series
details in the input fields of the Patient Search dialog.
D.2
Network node
D.2
D.2
Patient details
Select the network node on which the data searched for are
located.
D.2
Enter the last name, ID and date of birth of the patient you are
searching for.
The following characters are not permitted: ^ = \
The search distinguishes between upper and lower case!
Enter the characters correctly.
If you only know part of the name or the patient ID, you can
also use the character * as wildcard.
Page E.35, Wildcards for patient name and ID
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Patient Browser
Select Any from the dropdown list if you do not want the sex
to be considered for the search.
Select the Sex from the dropdown list.
Examination details
D.2
Enter the study date or a time range.

D.2
When you select an item from the dropdown list the corresponding study date range is automatically entered.
Enter the study ID.

Select a modality from dropdown list.
The items of this list are configurable.
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Study details
Patient Browser
D.2
Enter the study details or select them from the dropdown

lists.
The items of the dropdown list for the Referring Physician
are configurable.
Page E.42, Defining entries in the selection list
Series details
D.2
Enter the series details or select a body part and a performing physician from the dropdown list.
If you only use series details the search may be retarded.
The items of the dropdown lists are configurable.
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Patient Browser
Start Search
D.2
D.2
After having entered patient, study or series details you can

start the search.
D.2
Click on the Search button to start the search.
The Search button changes to Stop Search which you can
use for aborting the query at any time (e.g. when the required
data have already been found).
Search result
D.2
All patients and studies found are displayed in the information

area.
D.2
Click a study if you want to have the corresponding series
displayed.
The series are displayed in the series details list.
D.2
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Patient Browser
D.2
N OT E
If the Patient ID is not unique, studies may be listed which
do not belong to the patient selected and displayed in the
information area.
D.2
Image List
D.2
With Image List you obtain a list of the instances of a series, in

case you want to explicitly import special instances.
D.2
Select the study.
Click the Image List button.
A list of images is displayed.
D.2
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Patient Browser
Search Selected
D.2
Search Selected is used when the Patient Browser or any

other syngo MR application is activated and patient, study,
series, or images have already been selected and you wish to
search further studies, series, or objects referring to the patient
previously selected.
D.2
Click on the Search Selected icon in the toolbar of the
Patient Browser.
Or
D.2
Call up Patient > Search Selected in the main menu.

The Search dialog window appears. The window is identical
with that of the standard search. In contrast to the standard
search you do not have to enter Patient Name, Patient ID, Date
of Birth and Sex. Data are entered automatically in the corresponding input fields.
D.2
Enter additional search criteria: examination, study and
series details.
D.2
Click the Search button.

The results are displayed in the result area.
Page D.239, Search result
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Patient Browser
Importing data
D.2
After you have found the required study, series, or images,

transfer them to your workstation for further processing.
D.2
Starting importing data
D.2
Select one or more patients, studies or series from the information or search output area of the Search dialog.
Or
D.2
Select the images from the Image Search Results dialog

window.
Click the Import button.
Or
D.2
In case you selected only one patient, study or series, double-click it.
The selected data are copied from the network node to your
workstation and displayed in the navigation and content area of
the Patient Browser.
D.2
If the selected objects exceed a certain limit a warning message appears.
Click the Import Stop key if you want to cancel the import.
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Patient Browser
Checking data
transmission
D.2
Just as for archiving or exporting you can view import processes.

D.2
Call up Transfer > Local Job Status or Transfer > Network
Job Status.
Chapter J.6, Checking Data Transfer
Restarting search
D.2
D.2
Click Clear if you want all entries to be cleared, stop the current search and start a new one.
All input fields, the information area and the result output list are
cleared.
D.2
Closing Patient Search
D.2
You have two possibilities to close the Search window.
D.2
D.2
If you have triggered a patient search it is not canceled.

Search parameters and search results are not lost and are
available when the dialog window is called up the next time. If
you are in the process of importing data, importing continues
in the background.
Or
D.2
D.2

If you have triggered a patient search it is now canceled. If
you are in the process of importing data, importing continues
in the background.
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Patient Browser
Configuring Patient Search
D.2
You can adapt the user interface of the Search dialog window
to your method of working. The dropdown lists of the search criteria Modality and Body Part are configurable.
D.2
Call up the Numaris 4 Configuration Panel by activating
Options > Configuration in the main menu.
D.2
Double-click the Patient Search icon.

The Query & Retrieve Configuration window appears.
D.2
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Patient Browser
D.2
D.2
Select or deselect the desired items by clicking or deselecting the corresponding check box.
Click OK to save the settings.
Or
D.2
D.2
Click Cancel to close the dialog without saving the settings.
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Patient Browser
Calling up additional information

about a patient
D.2
If your hospital has an intranet, you can call up information

about a patient from other departments in your hospital using a
EPR Web browser for which syngo MR provides an interface.
This applies to data that has been entered in an HIS or similar
information system.
D.2
The additional information about the patient (e.g. concerning
allergies, implants, preliminary examinations) might bear relevance to the pending examination or evaluation of more recent
examination results.
D.2
Use the EPR Web browser (EPR = Electronic Patient Record)
to call up the data.
D.2
At any one time the EPR Web browser only displays the EPR
for one patient. You can view but not import the data of the
patient with the EPR Web browser.
The first time you launch the EPR Web browser you must log
on (see the operating instructions of your EPR Web browser).
The syngo MR interface must be individually adapted to the
EPR Web browser by your system administrator.
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Patient Browser
Calling up the EPR Web

browser
D.2
D.2
To display the electronic report for a particular patient, select a

patient (or a study, series, instances) from the Patient Browser
or in another task card.
D.2
Call up Patient > Retrieve EPR in the main menu to display
the EPR Web browser.
Or
D.2
D.2
Click on Retrieve EPR in the toolbar.

The EPR Web browser starts up and the information available
for the selected patient is displayed.
D.2
If you click with the mouse outside the EPR Web browser, the
window is placed in the background.
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Placing the EPR Web

browser in the
foreground
Patient Browser
You can call up the Web browser with the same patient data
again.
D.2
Call up Patient > Show EPR in the main menu.
Or
D.2
Click on Show EPR in the toolbar.

The EPR Web browser is again displayed with the same contents.
D.2
Closing the EPR Web

browser
Call up File > Close to close the EPR Web browser.

D.2
The EPR Web browser is closed.
D.2
D.2
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CHAPTER
D.3
Transferring Data to other

Applications
D.3
You have found the patient and examination data you require in
the Patient Browser window and would now like to make use
of this data in another application.
D.3
You would like to examine the patient again.
You would like to view and possibly review the patients
stored images.
You would like to process and evaluate images three-dimensionally for special diagnostic problems.
You would like to process patient and examination data in
other application programs that you have set.
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Patient Browser
Registering the patient again
D.3
Before you can examine a patient stored in the local database

or in one of the archive media again, you must register this
patient for a new examination.
D.3
D.3
Click on the required patient entry in the navigation or content area of the Patient Browser.
Or
D.3
Select one or more studies of the patient that you want to

perform or repeat.
Call up the patient registration with Patient > Register.
Or
D.3
D.3

Or
D.3
D.3
Press the Patient Register key on the symbol keypad

(Num 0).
Or
D.3
Drag the selected data into the open Patient Registration

window (drag & drop).
In the Patient Registration window you can check the patient
data and correct it if necessary. You can add to the examination
data and register the patient whom you can then examine right
away.
Chapter E.3, Registering a Known Patient
D.3
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Viewing and processing images
D.3
With the Patient Browser you can transfer the images of one
or more patients from the local database to the Viewing task
card for viewing and editing.
D.3
Depending on which data level you are in, you can transfer the
following image material to the Viewing card:
D.3
All images of one or more patients
All images of one or more studies
All images of one or more series
One image or more than one image
For transferring images to the Viewing task card you can either
use the menu bar or the toolbar or you simply double-click the
images or drag & drop them onto the Viewing task card with
the mouse.
D.3
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All images of a patient,

study or series
D.3
Patient Browser
Select the patient, study, or series in the navigation or content area of the Patient Browser.
Call up Patient > Load to Viewing or click on the button on
the toolbar to transfer the associated images to the Viewing
task card.
Or
D.3
Click the Viewing card to the top of the stack.

Then double-click on the required data object. Or select the
data using the keyboard and press the Return key.
Using multiple selection in the navigation or content area you
transfer the images of more than one patient, study, or series
to the Viewing task card.
Page D.210, Multiple selection
One or more than one

image of a patient
Click the Viewing card to the top of the stack.

D.3
Double-click on the data icon of the image that you want to

transfer in the content area of the Patient Browser. Or select
the image using the keyboard and press the Return key.
Or
D.3
Select more than one image in the content area and transfer
it to the Viewing card with Patient > Load to Viewing or the
Load to Viewing button on the toolbar.
Page D.210, Multiple selection
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Drag & drop
D.3
In addition to the methods described above you can also transfer images to the Viewing task card by drag & drop. In this way
you can determine in which segment the first of your selected
images is to be displayed.
D.3
Reduce and/or move the Patient Browser window so that
you can see the image area of the Viewing task card.
Drag the selected images to the desired segment on the
Viewing task card.
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Patient Browser
If the task card is not in the foreground you can also drag the
images from the Browser onto the corresponding tab. The
task card moves into the foreground and the images are
loaded into the image area.
Closed after Loading
D.3
If you have selected the Closed after Loading setting in the

Options menu, the Patient Browser window is closed after
transfer of the images.
Call up Patient > Closed after Loading to activate this function.
If the option is not checked, the Patient Browser remains open
in the foreground even after you have loaded images into the
Viewing card. To process images you can always switch manually to the Viewing task card.
D.3
Click on the Close button in the top right corner of the
Patient Browser.
In the Viewing task card you can view and edit the transferred
images.
Part G
D.3
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Splitting mosaic images into single

images
D.3
Some postprocessing functions, e.g. 3D, cannot use mosaic

images. So in special cases it may be necessary to split them
up into single images again.
Page L.410, Loading mosaic images
D.3
Select Patient > Browser.

Splitting a mosaic image
D.3
Select one mosaic image from the Patient Browser.

Select Applications > Mosaic > Split to one Series.
The images of the selected mosaic image are saved in a new
series under the same study.
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Splitting several mosaic

images
D.3
Patient Browser
Select two or more mosaic images or all mosaic images in

Select Applications > Mosaic > Split to one Series.
The images of all selected mosaic images are saved in a new
series under the same study
D.3
Or
D.3
Select Applications > Mosaic > Split to one Series per

Mosaic.
A new series is created with the split images for each mosaic
image selected.
D.3
NOTE
Due to safety standards splitting of the images may take
some time. This process runs in the background and is
accomplished even if the current user logs off or if the user
changes.
D.3
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Canceling splitting of
mosaic images
Select Applications > Mosaic > Abort Splitting process....

D.3
D.3
NOTE
To cancel a running spiltting process when the user
changes is only possible if the different user disposes of the
corresponding access rights.
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Processing images in 3D
Patient Browser
D.3
As the result of an examination you obtain images of a certain

volume which are stored in your local database. You can combine the two-dimensional slices of a suitable series to form a
three-dimensional representation of the region of interest and
you can process and evaluate it in the 3D task card.
D.3
Select a patient or one or more of his or her studies, series
or images (at least 4) in the navigation or content area of the
Patient Browser.
D.3
Call up Applications > 3D > MPR or click on the icon button

to start image processing as multiplanar reconstruction
(MPR).
Or
D.3
Call up Applications > 3D > MIP or click on the icon button

to start maximum intensity projection (MIP).
Or
D.3
Call up Applications > 3D > MinIP to start minimum intensity projection (MinIP).
Or
D.3
Call up Applications > 3D > SSD or click on the icon button

to start surface shaded display (SSD).
Or
D.3
Call up Applications > 3D > VRT to start the volume rendering technique as the image processing.
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Patient Browser
If you have selected more than one suitable series or an especially large series, the Series List dialog box is displayed. As
soon as you have decided on a series there, you can perform
three-dimensional image processing on the 3D task card.
Chapter H.2, Transferring Images to 3D
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Private applications
Patient Browser
D.3
Only research customers are allowed to use the selection of

syngo programmed user-defined applications in the Private
Applications menu.
D.3
D.3
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CHAPTER
D.4
Correcting Data
D.4
Every now and then it is necessary to correct patient data or to

add information about the study data, series and instances of a
patient.
D.4
You can use the Patient Browser to search for this patient in
the database and then call up a dialog box in which you can process the data.
D.4
The data of the Service Patient cannot be altered. The same
applies to data that have been imported via an HIS / RIS system or which are linked with such a system.
Whether and what changes can be made to data linked with
MPPS depends on the working status.
Page D.68, Procedure tracking with MPPS
History of changes
D.4
Every time you change the data of a patient or examination, this

is recorded in a history of changes on your system. The correction list is maintained for each object level. You can view the history of changes for an entry in the local database at any time
in order to see what changes have been made to it.
D.4
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Correcting Data
Patient Browser
Correcting patient or examination

data
D.4
You can correct or add to the personal data of a patient or information about that patients studies in the local database.
D.4
If you want to change stored data or data from another workstation, you must first import it into the local database. However,
the original data remain unchanged.
Page D.231, Reading data from storing media
D.4
D.4
NOTE
As long as you have not generated all the Position Display
images of a patients examinations, you must not change
the respective patient and examination data.
D.4
Otherwise the reference of the scanned images gets lost
and it is not possible to use the Position Display in the
Viewing task card.
D.4
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Correcting Data
Close the patient in all task cards (Patient > Close Patient).
When Security is activated, you can correct data only if you
are authorized to do so.
Select the patient, study, series or images that you want to
correct in the navigation or content area of the Patient
Browser.
Call up Edit > Correct.
Or
D.4
D.4
Click on the icon button on the toolbar to open the Correct

dialog box.
You cannot correct data that was delete-protected with Edit >
Protect. You must first remove the delete protection with
Edit > Remove Protection.
Data that are used by other applications or are being processed on another console cannot be corrected, either. The
corresponding entries in the Correct dialog box are then
dimmed.
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Correcting Data
Patient Browser
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Correcting Data
Selected patient
D.4
Content display
D.4
On the title bar of the Correct window, you can see which
patient and data you have selected.
D.4
In the first line of the window of the header line, the number of
studies, series, and images which are selected for correction is
displayed.
D.4
Entering data
D.4
In the input and selection fields of the Correct window you can
see the information that has been stored for the selected patient
or selected study or series so far.
D.4
Correct or add to the selected data.

Depending on the data level in which you want to correct
data, some fields of the Correct window might be dimmed.
When you enter very long comments in the Comment input
field only the first part of the text is displayed in the Viewing
task depending on the selected layout. A third or fourth comment line is not displayed, either.
Multiple values are represented by an asterisk and cannot be
changed (except instance level).
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Correcting Data
Updating a current
examination
Signing for changes
Patient Browser
D.4
If you have called up the Correct window from the examination

card, you can incorporate the changes in the current examination.
D.4
D.4
Select the checkbox Update data acquisition.
D.4
Enter your name under Modifiers name or select your

name from the selection list.
This will indicate who made the changes to the patient and
examination data for further reference. If your name is not yet in
the selection list, it will now be placed in the list automatically.D.4
If you do not specify a name, the name with which you logged
onto the system is taken as the modifier.
In case Security is activated this box displays your user name
and you cannot make any changes.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Saving changes
Correcting Data
D.4
Click on OK to save the new data and place the changes in

the history of changes.
The system first checks whether the predefined data are correct
and the date of birth entered is consistent with the specified
age. After that, the changed data are accepted into the system.D.4
Or
D.4
Click on Cancel to reject the corrections. The data remain

unchanged and no entry is placed in the history of changes.
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Correcting Data
One patient stored in the

database twice
Patient Browser
D.4
A patient whose name was spelled incorrectly during an examination or who was once registered as an emergency patient is
stored in the database twice.
D.4
As soon as you save the corrected patient name, the dialog box
asks you whether you want to merge the examination data of
the two patient entries or not.
D.4
D.4
D.4
Click on OK to store all the selected data under the corrected

patient name.
Click on Cancel to cancel correction of the data.
No changes will be made.
D.4
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Changing external data
Correcting Data
D.4
If you change patient and examination data that you have previously imported into your local database (e.g. from another
archiving medium) or that was imported into your system (e.g.
via HIS/RIS), the Losing External References message box is
displayed.
D.4
Click on Continue to save the changed data in your local

database.
If you then transfer the corrected data back to its original location, it is stored in addition to the original data.
D.4
Or
D.4
Click on Cancel to cancel the process.
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Correcting Data
Patient Browser
Moving data
D.4
The images of a patient are grouped together by examination

and series into hierarchical groups. If you find that the structure
is not correct, you can regroup the examinations and series by
moving them.
D.4
If you move external data imported into your local database
and then transfer them back to their original location in a different combination, they will be stored in addition to the original data.
Page D.49, Changing external data
When Security is activated, you can rearrange data only if you
D.4
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Correcting/rearranging objects with
references.
D.4
Consequence: References may be lost.
D.4
Remedy: Rearrange the entire hierarchical group

containing all objects with references in order to maintain
the references.
D.4
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Restrictions
Correcting Data
D.4
The data of the Service Patient, the Quality Assurance Patient,

and the Test Patient cannot be moved. The same applies to
data imported via an HIS/RIS system or linked with such a system.
D.4
You can only group together examination data that were
acquired by the same examination method with the same
patient position.
D.4
You cannot move data that are already opened in another application (e.g. the Viewing card) or are delete-protected with
Edit > Protect.
D.4
You can only move studies into other studies or patient entries,
series into other series or studies, images into other series. D.4
For example, you can move images from one series into
another series or all images of one series into another study.
For example, you cannot move the images of a study into an
individual series of another study.
If you want to move linked external objects, select this function with multiple selection because otherwise the reference
to the unselected objects will be lost.
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Correcting Data
Drag & drop or cut

& paste
Patient Browser
D.4
You can move data either with the mouse (drag & drop) or using
the Edit menu (cut & paste).
D.4
If you accidentally cut and move data by drag & drop, you can
cancel the operation at any time with the Esc key.
Select the study or studies, series, images, or the one image
that you want to move.
Drag the selected data to the target position and release the
mouse button.
Or
D.4
D.4
Call up Edit > Cut or click on the icon button on the toolbar.
Click on the target position.
D.4
Call up Edit > Paste or click on the icon button on the toolbar.
The Rearrange dialog box will be displayed.
D.4
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Correcting Data
Just like when correcting patient and examination data, moving

data is also recorded in the history of changes.
Page D.414, Displaying a history of changes
D.4
Enter your name in the Rearrange dialog box or select it

from the selection list.
If you do not specify a name, the name with which you logged
onto the system is taken as the modifier.
In case Security is activated this box displays your user name
and you cannot make any changes.
D.4
Click on OK to confirm your entry.

The data are moved and the changes are recorded in the history of changes together with your name.
D.4
Or
D.4
D.4
Click on Cancel to cancel the move.
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Correcting Data
Patient Browser
Displaying a history of changes
D.4
The correction list is a sort of log of your local database that is

created separately for each data level. Here you can always see
what changes and additions have been made to the data of
patient and to the information about the patient's examinations.
D.4
When Security is activated, you can open the History dialog

only if you are authorized to do so.
Select the patient, study, series or image stored in the local
database whose history of changes you want to view.
Call up Edit > History to display the Correct & Rearrange
History window with a chronological list of changes.
Or
D.4
D.4
In the Correct & Rearrange History window you cannot

make changes yourself. All entries are made by your system.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Correcting Data
Depending on the data level of the selected data different information is listed in the Correct & Rearrange History window:D.4
Title
Here you can see the data record to which the logged
changes belong.
Attribute
This column lists the corrected entries.
Original Setting and Corrected Setting
These two columns show you the corrected entry before and
after the change.
Date & Time
This column of the table shows you the date and time of the
change.
Modifiers Name
In the last column in the table you can see who has made the
corrections.
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Correcting Data
Patient Browser
D.4
If an object has been moved, the entry is marked ">" under

Attribute in window Correct & Rearrange History.
Depending on how many levels have changed when you
change an object, up to four lines of texts can be inserted into
the table.
Click on OK to close the history display again.
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CHAPTER
D.5
Storing, Sending and

Filming Data
D.5
To backup data and to reduce the amount of data stored in the

local database you should store patient and examination data
at regular intervals. For storing you can equip your system with
a CD recorder, or connect the system to a central archive via
the network.
D.5
If your system is connected to the central data network of your
hospital, you can transfer the examination data via this network
to another location in your hospital organization. You can use
this facility, for example, if you want to have examination results
evaluated at another work station or store them centrally.
D.5
To process or otherwise use images with other applications,
you export them into the file system.
D.5
Finally you can use the Patient Browser to film images for documentation or reporting.
D.5
Select the required patient and examination data in the navigation area or content area of the Patient Browser window. After
that start storing, sending, or filming with the appropriate menu
item or by using the toolbar.
D.5
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Patient Browser
Storing data on an external medium
D.5
Your system is equipped with a CD recorder for writing data to

CD. A CD drive is available for reading data.
D.5
Inserting CD
D.5
Press the eject button on the CD drive.

Place the CD-R into the drawer.
Press the eject button on the drive again.
Storing data on CD
D.5
Select the data that you want to archive in the navigation or

content area of the Patient Browser.
Call up Transfer > Export To....
Select the data medium you require in the Export To dialog
box.
D.5
Click on Export to save the data on the selected data

medium.
The actual procedure for storage to CD-R, recording a CD-R,

starts automatically or can be triggered manually.
Page J.210, Automatic start of the write operation
Page J.211, Starting writing manually
D.5
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Sending data via the network
D.5
If your system is connected to a network, you can send patient

and examination data to other workstations via the network with
the Send To... function.
Page J.33, Sending data
D.5
Select the patient, study, series or the images in the navigation area or content area.
Standard address
D.5
D.5
Press the Send To Node 1 key on the symbol keypad.
Or
D.5
Call up Transfer > Send To Node 1 or Transfer > Send To

Node 2 to send the data to one of the preconfigured
addresses in the network.
Or
D.5
D.5
Click on one of the two icon buttons on the toolbar.

The data are sent to the selected address.
D.5
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Selecting a destination
D.5
Patient Browser
Call up Transfer > Send To....

Or
D.5
D.5
Click on the appropriate button on the toolbar instead.

Select the network address(es) you require in the Send To
dialog box.
D.5
Click on Send to send the selected data to the required

address(es).
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Printing patient data from data

media
D.5
If a printer is connected to your system and you have stored

your patient data on local media (e.g. CD-R), you can print out
the data directly from there.
D.5
Select a drive in the navigation area.

Select the patient data you want to print out.
Showing print preview
D.5
Printing out the data list
D.5
To show the data in the print preview, select Patient > Print
Preview.
To print out the data list, select Patient > Print List.
The content and date of creation of the list appears in the
header of the list of patients. For all other data levels the content of the information area is also printed out.
The list is always printed in English.
Changing printer settings
D.5
To change any printer settings, select Patient > Print... and

make your settings in the dialog box that opens.
Click OK to confirm your changes.
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Patient Browser
Exporting images to the file

system
D.5
If you want to process images with other programs, you can

export them to a defined directory on your system hard disk in
certain image formats (Export To Off-line).
Page J.42, Exporting images to the file system
D.5
Select the images for export.

Call up Transfer > Export to Off-line....
Select the required directory in the Export to Off-line dialog
box.
Select the required image format (DICOM, TIFF, bitmap, or
JPEG).
D.5
Click on OK to save the selected images as individual files.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Filming
D.5
You can use the Patient Browser to send single images or all
images of one or more patients, studies or series to the Filming
task card.
D.5
Transferring images to
Filming
Select the data in the navigation or content area.

D.5
Call up Patient > Copy to Film Sheet or click on the icon

button.
Or
D.5
Press the Copy to Film Sheet key on the symbol keypad.
Or
D.5
Click the Filming card to the top of the stack and double-click
on the entries that you want to film in the Patient Browser.
Or
D.5
Drag the selection to the Filming task card with the mouse
(drag & drop).
Just like loading the images into the Viewing task card you can
determine in which segment of the film sheet the images are to
appear.
Page D.35, Drag & drop
D.5
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Patient Browser
With one of the above commands, all the selected images are
transferred to the Filming task card. Depending on whether
Auto Expose has been activated there, the images are
exposed on film immediately, as soon as a film sheet is full, or
they are first collected in a film job.
Chapter O.2, Semi-automatic/Manual Filming
D.5
Film preview
D.5
Call up Patient > Film Preview to view a preview showing

how the images will be filmed or printed.
Or
D.5
D.5
Click on the Film Preview icon button on the toolbar.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Exposing images on film
D.5
You can expose or print a patients images that you have collected in a film job from the Patient Browser. To do that you do
not have to switch to the Filming task card first.
D.5
Call up Patient > Expose Film Task to transfer all images in
the film job to the camera or printer.
Or
D.5
D.5

If you have transferred more than one patients images to the
Filming task card so that more than one film job exists, a dialog box is displayed. In this dialog box you can select the film
job you wish to expose on film or print on paper.
Page O.211, Exposing current patient
You cannot expose multiframe images directly from the
Patient Browser. You must first load them into the Viewing
task card.
Page G.713, Filming/printing images
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Film Task Status
D.5
Patient Browser
You can obtain an overview of all film jobs that have already
been sent to a camera or printer and, for example, change the
sequence in which they are to be processed.
Page O.53, Viewing and manipulating film jobs
D.5
Call up Patient > Film Task Status to display the Film Task
Status dialog box with a list of all pending film jobs.
Or
D.5
D.5
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CHAPTER
D.6
D.6
If you maintain your data collection regularly you can keep your
data management clear and access times to the databases
short. This is an important contribution to the efficiency of daily
examinations.
D.6
You can obtain information about the work status of patient
and examination data and can edit it. In this way you can
record the processing stage that a patients images are at.
You can mark important examination data so that you will find
it more easily later on.
You can delete patient or examination data that has already
been stored from the local database.
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Patient Browser
Defining the work status
D.6
The work status indicates the processing stage of patient and

examination data. This status is indicated as an abbreviation in
every list entry in the content area. Except read and verified
all work states will be set by the system.
D.6
Via the work status, you can define, for example, preconditions for storing and sending data.
Chapter J.7, Configuring Data Transfer
When Security is activated, you can define the work status
only if you are authorized to do so.
Abbreviations
(e.g. com/p/a/s/e/r/h)
The abbreviation consists of seven parts:

D.6
D.6
com/p/a/s/e/r/H - the first part provides information about the

progress of the study and whether the results have been
checked by the physician:
The study has been completed (com/...).
The images have already been read (rea/...).
The images and examination data have already been verified (ver/...).
com/p/a/s/e/H - the second part states whether
all (P/..),
a part of (.../p/...), or
no (.../ /...)
images of this patient, study, or series have been printed or
exposed on film.
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Patient Browser
com/p/a/s/e/r/H the third component shows the following

status:
(.../A/...) Data have been archived completely
(.../AC/...) Data have been archived and committed
(.../AV/...) Data have been archived and checked
(.../A?/...) Archiving and checking data is pending
(.../Af/...) Archiving and checking data has failed
(.../a/...) Part of the data has been archived
(.../ /...) No data have been archived
com/p/a/s/e/r/H by the fourth component you can see with
which scope and status the images of the patient, examination, or series have been sent via the network:
(.../S/...) Data have been sent completely
(.../SC/...) Data have been sent and committed
(.../SV/...) Data have been sent and checked
(.../S?/...) Sending and checking data is pending
(.../Sf/...) Sending and checking data has failed
(.../s/...) Part of the data has been sent
(.../ /...) No data have been sent
com/p/a/s/e/r/H the fifth component states whether
all (E/...),
part (e/...) or
none (/...)
of the images of this patient, examination, or series have
been exported to data medium.
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Patient Browser
r/com/p/a/s/e/sr/H the sixth part indicates whether

all (R/...),
a part of (r/...) or
no ( /...)
images of this patient, study, or series have been imported
into your local database via the network (received).
com/p/a/s/e/r/H the seventh part indicates whether
changes have been made to this record, i.e. whether a history of changes has been created (.../H)
or not (.../).
Note that capital or lower case letters indicate that all (capital
letter) or some (lower case letter) of the data have been processed.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Entering the work status
D.6
Most of the entries in the work status abbreviation are made

automatically as soon as a data record has been processed
(e.g. an image has been exposed on film).
D.6
As a user, you can enter the following work statuses for studies
and series in your local database:
D.6
com/... (completed) study has been completed
rea/... (read) the images have been reviewed by the physician
ver/... (verified) the images have been approved
The completed flag is set automatically.
D.6
Call up Edit > Set State and select the work status that you
want to assign.
Or
D.6
D.6
com
rea
ver
Click on the relevant icon button on the toolbar.

Please note that automatic data transfer might be triggered
by assigning the completed status. If automatic data transfer has been defined at image level, you must trigger data
transfer manually.
Page J.72, Automatic data transfer
Assignment of a work status is not possible in the Scheduler.
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Patient Browser
Marking examination data
D.6
With the Patient Browser you can mark individual items of

patient or examination data in order to find them and process
them more quickly later on.
D.6
With the Filter menu you can search for marked data specifically.
Page D.211, Filtering data
Marking items
D.6
Select one or more patients, studies, series, or images in the

navigation area or content area.
Call up Edit > Mark in the main menu of the Patient
Browser to mark the selected patient and examination data.
Or
D.6
D.6
Open a popup menu in the navigation or content area with

the right mouse button (or Shift + F10) and select Mark.
Or
D.6
Press the Mark key on the symbol keypad (Num 3).
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Patient Browser
Display of marked data
D.6
You can recognize marked patient and examination data in the

content area by the list entry M in the Mark Status column.
This entry appears on the patient level only. It does not appear
on the study or series level.
Unmarking items
D.6
Select the data which you want to unmark in the navigation

or content area.
Call up Edit > Unmark.
Or
D.6
Remove the mark with Unmark in the popup menu (right

mouse button or Shift + F10).
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Patient Browser
Procedure tracking with MPPS
D.6
After completion of an examination and all associated evaluations, you can document the work you have done in a performance report. This report can then be used, for example, for
invoicing the costs.
D.6
Your system creates the performance report during patient registration. During examination and postprocessing of the examination results, the report is updated.
D.6
Editing the performance documentation
D.6
Before you conclude your work on the examination by archiving,

check and add missing entries to the performance report.
D.6
Select the patient, the examination, or one of the associated
series or images from the Patient Browser.
Call up Patient > Show MPPS.
Or
D.6
D.6
Click on the button on the toolbar.
The window Modality Performed Procedure Step is displayed.

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MPPS status
Patient Browser
D.6
As soon as you select a series the MPPS status in the field Status is displayed. It consists of three parts (e.g. "COMPLETED"/
"HIS"/"S"):
D.6
The first part provides information about the processing status:

D.6
"IN PROGRESS" if MPPS is currently being processed,

"COMPLETED" if MPPS is completed,
"DISCONTINUED" if MPPS has been canceled,
"OPEN" (at the Patient/Study level) if at least one MPPS
has the status IN PROGRESS,
"DONE" (at the Patient/Study level) if no MPPS has the status IN PROGRESS,
" ", if no MPPS exists.
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Patient Browser
The second part describes the location at which the working

step has been planned:
D.6
"HIS", if the planned working step has been assigned via the
HIS/RIS system,
"LOC" if the working step has been planned locally,
" ", if you are on the Patient/Study level.
The third part provides information about the work status in a
message to the HIS/RIS-System:
D.6
"s", if creation of the performance report has been successfully sent to the HIS/RIS system,
"S" if COMPLETED/DISCONTINUED has been successfully
sent to the HIS/RIS system,
" " if you are on the Patient/Study level.
Checking data
D.6
Check the entries for the patient and examination in the

areas PATIENT, STUDY, and MPPS.
Correct the data and enter a comment, if necessary.

You cannot make entries in all fields.
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Patient Browser
Displaying actions, billing
D.6
In the lower part of the window Modality Performed Procedure Step, the examination data are listed on three subtask
cards ordered by different aspects. You can select them by
clicking on their tab.
D.6
Examination steps
D.6
D.6
Cost information
Click the Actions card into the foreground to display a list of

the examination steps performed.
D.6
D.6
Click on the Billing card for a cost-related statement of the

services rendered and the materials consumed (film sheets).
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Patient Browser
Sending and concluding a report
D.6
If all data in the performance report are entered correctly, you

can close the report and therefore also the examination. If further working steps are planned, you can save the report temporarily and conclude it later.
D.6
Depending on operational requirements, you can pass the
report on to the HIS/RIS system.
D.6
Saving
D.6
D.6
Click on the Save button to save your changes to the report.

The examination has not yet been concluded.
D.6
Or
Concluding
D.6
D.6
D.6
Click on the Completed button to conclude the report and

the examination.
A message indicating this is sent to the HIS/RIS system, if connected.
D.6
You cannot make any further changes to the performance
report.
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Patient Browser
Or
Exiting as discontinued
D.6
D.6
D.6
Click on the Discontinued button if you do not want to continue examination.

The report is also concluded and a message indicating that is
sent to the HIS/RIS system, if connected.
D.6
You cannot make any further changes to the performance
report.
Or
Sending to the HIS/RIS
D.6
D.6
D.6
Click on the Send button to mark the report as "in progress"

and pass it on the HIS/RIS system.
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Patient Browser
Closing the performance report without

saving
D.6
The Modality Performed Procedure Step window is automatically closed if you conclude, save, or send a report. If you have
only opened the report to view it, close it without changes. D.6
D.6
Click on Close window to exit the dialog box.
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Patient Browser
Deleting data
D.6
If an examination has been completed and all the examination

results and images have been reviewed and commented, you
can store the data and then delete it from the database.
D.6
When Security is activated, you can delete data only if you
D.6
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: The flags A (Archive) and S (Send)
respectively only indicate the receipt of the images. They do
not indicate successful storage in the intended archive. D.6
Consequence: The data may be lost if it is deleted by the
sender e.g., by an auto delete mechanism and if it cannot
be stored by the receiver.
D.6
Remedy: Before deleting data from your local database
ensure that this data is safely stored in the intended archive.
Always use 'storage commitment' if supported by sender
and receiver of data.
D.6
Please note
D.6
Page J.12, CAUTION on Storage Commitment
D.6
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Patient Browser
Select the data that you want to delete in the navigation area
or content area.
Call up Edit > Delete in the main menu of the Patient
Browser or open a popup menu and select Delete there.
Or
D.6
D.6
Click on the button on the toolbar.
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Patient Browser
A dialog box is displayed in which you can again confirm that

you really want to delete the data you have selected.
D.6
Confirm the question with Yes to delete the selected patient

and examination data.
You can turn this confirmation dialog box off in Browser Configuration. After that, unprotected data will always be deleted
immediately without confirmation.
If the data have been delete-protected expressly or because
of their work status, a dialog box to that effect appears.
Page D.619, Deleting data with missing work status
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Patient Browser
Deleting data with

missing work status
D.6
If you attempt to delete data for which the work status does not
allow deletion, a message box is displayed.
D.6
In this message box you can see why you cannot delete the
selected data. For example, because it is first necessary to perform a number of processing steps before it can be deleted. D.6
In the Browser Configuration you can define in which work
status you are allowed to delete data.
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Patient Browser
D.6
Click on Yes to delete the data record stated in the message

box despite the missing states.
Or
D.6
D.6
Click on Yes to All if you have selected more than one data
record for deletion and you want to delete all the records
regardless of their work status.
Or
D.6
Click on No in order not to delete the data record stated in

the message box.
Or
D.6
D.6
D.6
Click on Cancel to cancel deletion.
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Patient Browser
Protecting data from

deletion
D.6
You can protect patient and examination data from accidental

deletion.
D.6
Select the data that you want to protect against deletion in

the navigation or content area.
Call up Edit > Protect in the main menu of the Patient
Browser.
Or
D.6

D.6
Or
D.6
Select Protect in the popup menu (right mouse button or

Shift + F10).
You can now no longer simply delete the selected data. Delete
protection always includes all lower data levels and the related
entries of the higher data levels. For example, if you protect a
study entry you can no longer delete the individual images of
that study nor the patient entry.
D.6
Data that you have assigned delete protection to, are protected from both moving and correction.
Page D.410, Moving data
Page D.42, Correcting patient or examination data
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Display of deleteprotected data
Patient Browser
D.6
Patient and examination data that are assigned delete protection can be identified by the list entry Prot in the Mark Status
column in the content area. This entry appears on the patient
level only. It does not appear on the study or series level.
D.6
Removing delete
protection
D.6
If you want to correct, move, or delete data without a message

box being displayed, you must remove the delete protection
again.
D.6
Call up Edit > Remove Protection in the main menu or

Remove Protection in the popup menu to remove the delete
protection.
Or
D.6
Click on the icon button in the toolbar.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Clear Scheduler
D.6
With Clear Scheduler you can determine which entries of the

Scheduler are to be deleted.
D.6
Call up Edit > Clear Scheduler in the menu of the Patient
Browser.
The dialog box Clear Scheduler is displayed.
D.6
Activate the relevant checkbox to select the entries to be

deleted:
all procedure steps already performed
all procedure steps not scheduled for your site
all procedure steps not scheduled for your modality
all procedure steps not scheduled for a given day
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Patient Browser
Confirm your selection with OK to save your settings and to

delete the relevant procedure steps.
The procedure steps including the corresponding actions are
deleted. The associated methods and patients are also deleted
unless further procedure steps exist.
D.6
Or
D.6
D.6
Click Cancel to dismiss the operation.

You can also have the scheduler cleared automatically after
an update via RIS, i.e., all Worklist items that are not sent by
the RIS will be removed from your Local Database.
Contact your service technician for the configuration of this
functionality.
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Configuring the Patient

Browser
CHAPTER
D.7
D.7
With the Browser Configuration dialog box you can adapt the
Patient Browser to your method of working.
D.7
You can change the following settings:
D.7
General settings such as the layout of the toolbar and the display of the work status.
The hierarchical view of the information levels (patient, study,
series, image) in the navigation and content area.
The display of the individual information levels (study, series,
image) in the content area.
syngo programmed user-defined applications in the Private
Applications menu.
D.7
Call up Options > Configure Browser... in the menu bar of

The Browser Configuration window with the three tab cards
General, Tree View and Single View is displayed.
D.7
In the Basics part of this manual you can read how to call up
and exit configuration windows, save changes, or reset settings back to the as-delivered state.
Chapter A.3, Configuring the User Interface
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General settings
Patient Browser
D.7
On the General tab card you can configure the toolbar of the
Patient Browser, define which work status is displayed for the
examination data, and set the influence of the work status on
delete permission.
D.7
Click the General tab card into the foreground to activate this
card.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Toolbar
D.7
You can place buttons for the functions of the Patient Browser
that you require frequently on the toolbar and remove rarelyused functions.
D.7
In a later software version you can also configure functions of
other applications in the Patient Browser toolbar by using
the application selection list (dimmed in this version).
Select an action that you want to place as an icon button on

the toolbar from the Tool Pool.
D.7
Click on the down arrow to place the button on the toolbar.

Repeat this step until the toolbar contains all the buttons you
require.
If you want to remove an icon button from the toolbar, select

the corresponding action on the toolbar.
D.7
Click on the up arrow to remove the button from the toolbar.
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Patient Browser
Work status
D.7
In the middle part of the General tab card you can define which
work status is displayed in the content area for the examination
data and in which processing state data is released for deletion.D.7
Display of work status
D.7
Select the check box for a work status if you want this work
status to be displayed in the content area of the Patient
Browser.
You will find information about the work status on
Delete authorization
D.7
Select the check box of a work status. Data without this status cannot be deleted without explicit confirmation in a message box.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Delete confirmation
D.7
The default setting is to have your system display a confirmation

window before each deletion even if the data concerned have
already reached the work status required for deletion. This further reduces the risk of data being deleted accidentally. You can
activate and deactivate this confirmation in the configuration.
D.7
D.7
Click on the Confirm Deletion check box to have a confirmation box displayed every time before data is deleted.
A check mark in the check box shows that deletion confirmation
is activated.
D.7
Or
D.7
Deselect the check box to suppress the confirmation for

deletion.
D.7
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Deletion confirmation deactivated.
D.7
Consequence: Loss of data possible.
D.7
Remedy: Do not deactivate deletion confirmation.
D.7
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Patient Browser
Hierarchical view in the navigation

and content area
D.7
On the Tree View tab card you can define what information is
listed in the content area of the Patient Browser in the hierarchy levels (e.g. patient). You can also hide hierarchy levels in
the navigation and content areas. You can also configure the
icon display of series and images.
D.7
Click the Tree View tab card into the foreground.

Selecting a database
D.7
Select Scheduler to define the display of preregistered

patient data in the Patient Browser.
Or
D.7
Pick Database from the selection list of databases to configure the local database view.
The names and information that appear on the card Tree
View for the different data levels differ depending on the database that you have called up (e.g. Study in the local database
corresponds to Procedure in the scheduler).
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Patient Browser
Selecting a data level
D.7
Select the hierarchy level Patient, Procedure or Procedure

Step in the scheduler.
Or
D.7
Select the hierarchy level Patient, Study, Series or Instance

in the local database
The Tree View tab card differs slightly depending on the hierarchy level selected. On the Series level the Modality selection list is also displayed. On the Instance level the selection
list Data Type appears instead.
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Example: Data level

Procedure Step /
Scheduler
Patient Browser
D.7
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Example: Data level Series/

Local database
D.7
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D.79
Patient Browser
List entries
D.7
You can make the content area of the Patient Browser clearer
by having your own selection of information listed.
D.7
Adding list entries
D.7
In the Heading Pool select which entries you want to have

displayed in the content area.
Select the entries in the sequence in which you want to have
them displayed.
D.7
Click on the down arrow to place the entry in the Heading

Settings for the table in the content area.
Repeat this step until the table contains all the required
entries in the content area.
If an entry is dimmed in the Heading Pool it is already contained in the Heading Settings and vice versa.
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Patient Browser
Modality-specific entries
D.7
In series (local database), the information displayed in the content area is modality dependent. Depending on the modality
you can also define specific entries in the content area.
D.7
Select a modality on the data level Series if you want to create list entries in the content area.
Or
D.7
Select Default to define the information to be displayed with

series of different modalities, or for which no modal-specific
settings can be made.
D.7
Transfer the required list entries from the Heading Pool to

the Heading Settings.
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Data type specific entries
D.7
Patient Browser
The list display of images in the content area depends on the

data type. You can select the list entries specifically for each
data type from the relevant Heading Pool.
D.7
Select a data type on the Instance data level if you want to

create list entries in the content area specifically for the
images of that data type.
Or
D.7
Select Default to define which information is to be displayed

in the content area for images of different data types, or for
which no data type specific settings can be made.
Transfer the required list entries from the Heading Pool to
the Heading Settings.
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Patient Browser
Removing list entries
D.7
Select an entry in the Heading Settings if you want to

remove it from the table.
D.7
Click on the up arrow to remove the entry from the table in

the content area.
Hiding data levels
D.7
You can define which of the hierarchy levels, study, series, or

instance you want displayed in the navigation and content area.D.7
Click on the Hide check box to hide this data level.
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Patient Browser
List display / image stamp display
D.7
For display of series and images in the content area you can
choose between display as a list and display as image stamps.
You can label the image stamps with up to two entries. To
assign these entries proceed exactly as for definition of the list
entries in the content area.
Page D.710, List entries
D.7
Click on the Icon Configuration option button.

Select the entries in the Heading Pool with which you want
to label the entries for series and images and click on the
down arrow. The entries now appear in the Icon Labels box.
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Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Single View of the content area
D.7
In the card Single View, define to which hierarchy level data are
to be displayed if the navigation area is hidden. Each data entry
is displayed in exactly one line.
D.7
Click the Single View tab card into the foreground and select
the database you want to configure.
Page D.76, Selecting a database
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Setting the data level
D.7
Patient Browser
In the single view, the content area always shows the same data
level.
D.7
Select the data level that you want to have displayed when
switching from the Tree View to the Single View in the content area.
It depends on the data level that you have set for the single view
of the content area what information can be displayed about the
list entries. For example, if you have set the Series level to be
displayed, you can have information from the levels patient,
study, and series displayed in the list of series.
D.7
Combining list entries
D.7
You can configure the single view of the content area in a similar
way as the hierarchical view of the navigation and content area.
Page D.76, Hierarchical view in the navigation and content
area
D.7
You can combine list entries of different information levels by
varying the data level for the pool in the Heading Pool from
which you then select the required entries.
D.7
Define the data level in the selection list from which you want
to take list entries for the content area in the Heading Pool.
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Patient Browser
The Heading Pool now contains all the possible list entries
from the selected information level.
D.7
Click on a list entry in the Heading Pool and move it into the
Heading Settings with the arrow down key or remove a list
entry from the Heading Settings with the arrow up key.
Now select another Level, if necessary, to place list entries
of another data level from the Heading Pool into the Heading Settings.
For the Series data level, you can set up modality- or data
type-specific list entries for the content area.
Page D.711, Modality-specific entries
Page D.712, Data type specific entries
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Configuring user-defined
applications
Patient Browser
D.7

syngo MR programmed user-defined applications in the Private Applications menu.
D.7
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CHAPTER
D.8
Reporting
D.8
Results of evaluation (images, plots, etc.) can be stored as

structured reports (SR) in DICOM format.
D.8
Purpose
D.8
To be able to edit and transmit the reports.

D.8
Content of the report
D.8
The following information can be recorded in a report:
D.8
Data of hospital or practice (name, address, ...)

Demographic patient data
Quantitative results of the examination
(wall motion scoring)
Qualitative results of the examination
Summary and conclusions consisting of
individual diagnoses, measured values, and medical codes
Recommendations for further diagnosis or therapy
Links to medical images or graphics
Links to curve plots
You are able to select, edit, and print reports on the Argus task
card or in the Patient Browser. Additionally, the Patient
Browser sends reports via the network.
D.8
D.8
N O TE
In this version of syngo MR, this functionality is only
available for Argus reporting.
D.8
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Reporting
Identification of a report in
the Patient Browser
D.8
Patient Browser
Reports in the Patient Browser are stored on the same level as

the measurement or evaluation results.
D.8
Reports are identified in the Patient Browser as follows:
D.8
Report icon in the directory structure.

D.8
Report icon in the content area (report selected).

D.8
Report icon in the content area (study selected).
D.8
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Patient Browser
Reporting
Basics
D.8
The reports are encoded according to the DICOM standard.

The DICOM standard provides predefined structures that limit
you in structuring reports. It is therefore quite unlike writing a
report in a regular text editor.
D.8
The predefined report structure has the following advantages: D.8
Each item of information is classified and integrated to a hierarchical structure.
The DICOM structure facilitates subsequent evaluation of
the data from the report.
Use of the standard enables communication with the DICOM
world. Sharing data is easy. Reports from other systems and
applications can be displayed and evaluated in syngo MR.
Similarly, reports from syngo MR can be used on other systems.
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Reporting
Patient Browser
Layout
Content items
D.8
D.8
Each item of information in a report is a "content item"
D.8
A content item comprises a "name" and a "value".
D.8
The name is always a code.
D.8
There are various types of values:

D.8
Free text
Code
Numeric value with unit
Person's name, date, time
Reference to a DICOM object (image, diagram, or unformatted text)
Relationship between
content items
D.8
Unless content items are suitably linked, they are of little use.
For this reason a DICOM report provides information items in a
hierarchical structure.
D.8
The "document title" item is at the top of the hierarchy. Below it,
the remaining items of information can be placed in different
relationships to each other in a complex tree structure.
D.8
For example, the following relationships between content items
of a report are possible:
D.8
Configuration within the hierarchy
Property of a higher-level information item
Conclusions from higher-level information items
Reference for a higher-level information item
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Patient Browser
Codes in general
Reporting
D.8
The codes for report contents are frequently automatically

assigned by the system. Usually they cannot be changed by the
user.
D.8
It is only possible to set or define new diagnostic codes for a single report.
Page D.815, Setting diagnostic codes
D.8
Diagnostic codes
D.8
Coded texts are usually integrated into reports to facilitate

searches and evaluations. These are obtained from special dictionaries of encode scheme designators.
D.8
A DICOM code entry consists of three parts:
code value,
e.g. N11.1
code scheme designator,
e.g. I9 or UCUM
code meaning,
e.g. chronic obstructive pyelonephritis
D.8
syngo MR allows you to select a standard code scheme designator for reporting/diagnostics or for defining your own code
scheme designator.
D.8
Examples of diagnostic encoding scheme designators:
D.8
SNOMED ("SNM3" and "SRT")

ACR Index for Radiological Diagnosis ("ACR")
ICD9 and ICD10 ("I9" and "I10")
ICD9-CM and ICD10-PCS ("I9C" and "I10P")
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Reporting
Patient Browser
Creating a report
D.8
Reports can be created from the Argus task card. They are
stored in the local database.
D.8
Medical images are linked to the report as references.
D.8
For more information about creating reports in Argus, refer to

the Argus Operator Manual.
Page 67, Creating a report
D.8
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Patient Browser
Reporting
Editing a report
D.8
As soon as data acquisition in Argus has been completed, you

can edit a report at any time.
D.8
In the report displayed, you can:
D.8
set the completion status

set the verification status
record the report author
create or edit diagnostics and comments
enter the diagnostic code
delete parts of the report
The edited report can be stored. The changes in the current

report may either be stored in the same report or in a new report
depending on the completion status set.
D.8
D.8
N OT E
Regularly save changes to a report during editing. Make
sure that you have saved your changes before you log off.
The dialog box will be closed and unsaved changes will be
lost.
D.8
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Reporting
Patient Browser
Opening a report
D.8
Open the report in the Patient Browser.
D.8
Select the report in the Patient Browser

Select Applications > Report Open from the main menu.
Or
D.8
Double-click the report in the Patient Browser

The Report Editor window opens:
D.8
Legend
D.8
(1) Data from the patient ID

(2) Report header:
Report author
(3) Information units:
Individual diagnoses and diagnostic code
(4) Toolbar of the window.
0.0
D.88
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Reporting
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.89
Reporting
Patient Browser
Navigating in the report
D.8
Since the report is one long document without running page

numbers, it includes a navigation function allowing you to go
directly to one of the main sections of the report. You can also
return directly to the beginning from anywhere in the report.
D.8
Going directly to
information items
D.8
The line below the report heading lists the information items it
contains. The names of the items listed are directly linked to the
information item in the report.
D.8
Click the name of an information item, e.g. Ventricular Function Analysis.

The report display jumps to that item.
D.8
Alternatively, you can go to a position in the report (information item) by scrolling via the scroll bar or by paging via the
keyboard.
0.0
D.810
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Returning to the beginning

of the report
D.8
Reporting
A link takes you from the part of the report displayed directly
back to the beginning of the report.
D.8
This link takes the form of an arrow above a large information

item. It is linked directly with the beginning of the report.
D.8
Click this arrow.
The report display now jumps back to the beginning.
D.8
Alternatively, you can return to the beginning of the report by

scrolling via the scroll bar or paging via the keyboard.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.811
Reporting
Patient Browser
Editing a report
The opened report is automatically displayed in edit mode.
D.8
In the report displayed, you can:
D.8
Setting the completion

status
D.8
D.8
set the completion status

set the verification status
record the report author
create or edit diagnostics and comments
enter the diagnostic code
delete parts of the report
By selecting a Completion Status you can indicate the

progress of the report. The following statuses are available: D.8
Completed
Partial
Set the status in the Completion Status selection list.
0.0
D.812
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Reporting
D.8
N OT E
Once a report has been assigned the Complete status, it
has to be saved as a new report. It is no longer possible to
save changes to the existing report.
D.8
D.8
Setting the verification

status
D.8
The verification status is set in the same way as the completion

flag. The following options are available:
D.8
Unverified
Verified
Set the status in the Verification Status selection list.

D.8
N OT E
The verification status is for internal information only. It is
not of legal consequence.
D.8
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.813
Reporting
Recording the report

author's name
Patient Browser
The author has to be entered in the Report created by field. D.8

D.8
Enter your name in the Report created by field.
Making and editing

diagnostics and commentsD.8
Some parts of the report contain input fields for recording additional comments.
D.8
Empty text input fields are not displayed in full. Instead, a plus
sign is shown in front of the name of the input field. To display
the input field, you only need to click the plus switch.
Click the relevant comment field in the selected part of the
report.
Enter a new comment or overwrite the existing comment.
0.0
D.814
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Setting diagnostic
codes
Reporting
D.8
The diagnostic codes are organized in coding schemes in the

DICOM format. syngo MR does not provide predefined
schemes. The diagnostic encoding scheme must therefore be
entered and managed in the Configuration by the diagnosing
physician or the hospital.
Page D.836, Create and edit diagnostic encoding schemesD.8
In addition to entering schemes with various diagnostic codes,
you are able to predefine a general scheme for reporting in the
Configuration. For this reason you only need to pick the code
from a selection in the report.
D.8
D.8
N OT E
A diagnostic encoding scheme must be preset in the report
configuration before a report is edited for the first time. This
enables you to define the appropriate code either by
selecting it or entering it manually.
Page D.836, Create and edit diagnostic encoding
schemes
D.8
Select the diagnostic code from the Conclusion list.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.815
Reporting
Patient Browser
The diagnostic code is now displayed in the selection list. The

abbreviation for the scheme is shown at the right end of the list. D.8
If a diagnostic code does not include the scheme set, enter the
code manually in the Add Codes line.
D.8
Select the empty item from the Conclusion selection list.
Enter the diagnostic code and the description of the code

into the two fields of the Add Codes line.
0.0
D.816
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Reporting
D.8
N OT E
When the report is saved, the manually entered diagnostic
code is assigned to the code scheme that you preset in the
Configuration. The code can now be edited again in the
configuration.
D.8
D.8
Enlarged display of
images and tables
The default display shows images and tables with reduced size. D.8
D.8
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.817
Reporting
Patient Browser
A dialog box is provided for viewing the contents of the report in

their original size.
D.8
Click this button.
A dialog box opens showing the image or the table in its original
D.8
size.
0.0
D.818
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Delete parts of the report
Reporting
D.8
You can delete unnecessary parts of the report at any time.

Based on the hierarchical structure of the information items not
only the main information item is deleted but all dependent
lower-level items as well. Lower-level information items are
indented to the right in the report.
D.8
Before deleting, you have to first select the information item in
the report.
D.8
It is not possible to select more than one item.
Click the tab of the information item to be deleted.
Or
D.8
Click images, diagrams, or tables.

Or
D.8
Click the minus sign of a text field.

The item is shown with a blue border. An X appears in the upper
left edge of the marker.
D.8
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.819
Reporting
Patient Browser
You can undo the selection by clicking it again or by clicking

another item. Example:
Click the X above the selected part.

Or
D.8
Press the Del key on your keyboard.

The content of the information item and all lower-level information items are deleted from the report.
D.8
You can undo the deletion with the Reset button.
0.0
D.820
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
All changes in the

report are undone
Reporting
D.8
You can undo all changes made in the report since it was last
saved.
D.8
Click the Reset button.

The entries and changes made in the report are undone.
D.8
You can only undo all changes at once; it is not possible to

undo changes step-by-step.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.821
Reporting
Patient Browser
Saving a report
D.8
You can save changes in a report at any time. However, the way
the report is saved depends on its completion status. In case of
a partial completion status, changes are saved in the current
report.
D.8
However you had set the completion status to Completed or
Verified the last time you saved, a new version of the report will
automatically be stored with the new version number.
D.8
Additionally, a new version of the report is created, if the report
in the database is marked with one of the following flags:
D.8
Printed
Archived
Archived + Verified
Archived + Committed
Sent
Sent + Committed
Exported
Received
The existing report is not changed if one of these flags is set.

After you have made your changes, you can save the report.
D.8
Click the Save button.
0.0
D.822
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Reporting
The images contained in the report are not saved. Instead,

references to the DICOM images are saved.
D.8
N OT E
Save the changed report before printing it out. If you
subsequently close the print preview without saving it in edit
mode, all changes to the report are lost.
D.8
D.8
Closing the edit window
D.8

Or
D.8
Click the X icon in the top right corner of the window.

The Report - Editor window is closed; display of the entire
report is ended as well. Unsaved changes to the report are lost. D.8
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.823
Reporting
Patient Browser
Printing a report
D.8
Before you print a report, you can look at the contents of the
report again in the print preview.
D.8
If you want to make changes to the report, you can go back to
the edit window from the print preview at any time.
Page D.826, Close the print preview
D.8
Opening the print preview
D.8
The print preview is opened from the edit window.
D.8
D.8
N OT E
Print mode is only available to users who have activated a
print privilege for the report in their user account.
D.8
If you do not have a print privilege, the Print Mode button is
deactivated.
D.8
Click the Print Mode button in the edit window.

The current report is displayed in the print preview mode. You
cannot edit the report in this mode.
D.8
0.0
D.824
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Reporting
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.825
Reporting
Patient Browser
Close the print preview
D.8
There are two ways of closing the print preview:
D.8
Switch back to edit mode to continue editing the report.

Close the window and with it the entire report.
Switching to edit mode
D.8
If you do not want to print out the report or want to make

changes to the report before printing, you can return to the edit
mode from the print mode.
D.8
Click the Edit Mode button in the print preview.

In the dialog box, the report is now displayed again in the edit
mode.
D.8
0.0
D.826
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Closing the window
Reporting
D.8

Or
D.8

The print preview is closed, which also closes the display of the
entire report. Unsaved changes to the report are lost.
D.8
Starting to print
D.8
You can only start printing a report from the print preview (print
mode).
D.8
Click the Print button.
A print dialog box opens. You can make the necessary print settings here.
D.8
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.827
Reporting
Patient Browser
D.8
Set the required printer.

Define the print range.
Set the number of copies you require.
Click the Print button to start printing.
With the Cancel button, you can reject the settings and close
the dialog box.
0.0
D.828
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Reporting
Sending a report
D.8
If your system is connected to a network, you can send reports

of a patient to other workstations via the network with the function Send To....
Page J.33, Sending data
D.8
Reports are sent in "Secondary Capture" DICOM format. You
will find more detailed information in the DICOM conformance
statement.
D.8
N OT E
Referenced images are not automatically sent with the
report. They must be sent separately.
D.8
D.8
N OT E
After a report has been sent, any subsequent changes to it
can only be saved as a new report. It is no longer possible
to save changes to the sent report.
D.8
Select the report in the Patient Browser
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.829
Reporting
Standard address
Patient Browser
D.8
Press the Send to node 1 key on the symbol keypad.
Or
D.8
Select Transfer > Send to node 1 or Transfer > Send to

node 2.
The data are sent to one of the preconfigured addresses in the
network.
D.8
Or
D.8
D.8
Click one of the two buttons on the toolbar.

The report is sent to the selected address.
D.8
D.8
Select Transfer > Send....

Or
D.8
Click the appropriate button on the tool bar.

The Send To dialog box opens.
D.8
Select the network address(es) here.

D.8
Click Send to send the report to the address(es).
0.0
D.830
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Reporting
Configuration settings for the report
D.8
You can make various settings for the report in a configuration

dialog box.
D.8
Use the two subtask cards in the configuration dialog box where
you can enter presets for creating reports.
D.8
General settings
for setting the report language and for inserting your own
logo in the report.
Encode scheme designators
for creating diagnostic encoding catalogs that can then be
set in the report.
Proposal for various configuration settings:
D.8
Open the configuration dialog box

Enter general settings
Create and edit diagnostic encoding schemes
Save and close the configuration settings
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.831
Reporting
Patient Browser
Opening a configuration
D.8
You can select the configuration of the reports from the Applications menu in the Patient Browser.
D.8
Select Applications > Report Tools > Configuration from
the main menu of the Patient Browser.
The Report Configuration dialog box opens:
D.8
0.0
D.832
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Reporting
Enter general settings
D.8
The general settings include the report language and the

optional insertion of your own logo into the report.
D.8
Setting the report

language
D.8
You are able to predefine the language used in the report on the
General Settings subtask card. This configuration setting
applies to all subsequent new reports.
D.8
Click the General Settings subtask card into the foreground,

if necessary.
You can now predefine the language used for the report via a
selection list.
D.8
Select the language from the Report Language selection
list.
D.8
N OT E
The language set only applies to the reports and may differ
from the language set on the system.
D.8
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.833
Reporting
Installing a user logo
Patient Browser
D.8
You can insert your own user logo into the report from the CDROM or diskette drive of your station.
D.8
Before the system can use your logo, the following requirements have to be met:
D.8
the logo has to be stored in GIF format.
the name of the logo has to be Logo.gif.
To install the logo, proceed as follows:
D.8
Save the logo on a suitable data medium (CD or diskette).

Insert this data medium into the appropriate drive on your
station.
Now click on either the Install Logo from CD or Install Logo

from Floppy button, depending on the data medium used.
0.0
D.834
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Reporting
The logo is now imported and will be used in all reports stored
after successful completion of the automatic installation.
D.8
If installation is successful, this message is displayed:
D.8
If installation was not successful, a message to this effect will

appear.
D.8
If necessary, save the settings prior to performing additional

changes.
Page D.842, Save and close configuration settings
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.835
Reporting
Patient Browser
Create and edit diagnostic encoding

schemes
D.8
You can set the encoding scheme designators in the reports in

the Report - Configuration dialog box via the Coding
Schemes subtask card. You can also set up complete encoding
schemes with the relevant diagnostic codes.
D.8
Click the Coding Schemes subtask card on the Report Configuration dialog box into foreground.
0.0
D.836
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Reporting
Configuration options:
D.8
Predefining the encoding scheme

Changing or creating a new diagnostic code
Creating a new encoding scheme
Predefining the encoding
scheme
D.8
As a rule, predefine an encoding scheme in the configuration

before editing a report in the Patient Browser for the first time.
Otherwise, it is not possible to assign a diagnostic code in the
report.
D.8
The first time configuration is called, no encoding schemes are
defined:
D.8
Select the required catalog from the Coding Schemes

selection list.
The coding schemes ICD-9 and ICD-10 empty (without
codes) are already created on your system by default.
You can create further encoding schemes as required.

Page D.841, Creating a new encoding scheme
D.8
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.837
Reporting
Changing or creating a
new diagnostic code
Patient Browser
D.8
A code catalog may contain different diagnostic codes. This

enables you to select the diagnostic codes quickly in the report.
Page D.815, Setting diagnostic codes
D.8
Select the required code scheme.
Click the Edit Codes button.
The text editor for the codes of the active encoding scheme
D.8
opens:
This dialog box provides you with explanations and an example

for editing diagnostic codes. Lines preceded by "#" are comment lines.
D.8
0.0
D.838
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Reporting
In all other lines, you can define the codes you require, one
code per line. Example of code entry:
D.8
N11.1:chronic obstructive pyelonephritis
D.8
The complete code consists of the code value (N11.1) followed

by a colon and a short description of the code (chronic
obstructive pyelonephritis).
D.8
Enter the required code line by line.
You also define how the diagnostic code should appear in the
D.8
report. The following display formats are possible:
D.8
Display format
Identifier
Code value and code description, e.g.

N11.1:chronic obstructive pyelonephritis
Code value only, e.g.

N11.1
Code description only, e.g.

chronic obstructive pyelonephritis
The identifier for the display format is changed in the line DisplayFormat =.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.839
Reporting
Patient Browser
Example: Entering a diagnostic code and a display identifier:D.8
To activate the settings made in the text editor, you have to save
them in the text editor (not to be confused with the Report
Configuration dialog box).
D.8
Open File > Save in the text editor.
After that, you can close the text editor.
D.8
0.0
D.840
Operator Manual
Patient Browser
Creating a new encoding

scheme
Reporting
D.8
D.8
Click the Add Scheme button.

These additional edit boxes are displayed:
D.8
Enter a name for the encoding scheme in the Scheme field.

Enter a name for the version number in the Version field.
Enter a short description for the encoding scheme in the
Description field.
Now you can define further codes in a new encoding scheme,
as required.
D.8
Click the Add Codes button.
Enter the code in the text editor of the new scheme.
Page D.838, Changing or creating a new diagnostic code
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
D.841
Reporting
Patient Browser
Save and close configuration settings
D.8
Save the configuration setting made in the reports, if you want

to apply them later.
D.8
The settings are saved and the Report Configuration dialog
box remains open.
D.8
You may then close the Report Configuration dialog box.
D.8

If you close the dialog box without saving first, you will lose all
changes made in the dialog box.
0.0
D.842
Operator Manual
PART
E.0
E.1 Introduction
Calling up Patient Registration ....................................... E.13
The Patient Registration window ................................... E.14
E.2 Registering a New Patient

Entries in the PATIENT area .......................................... E.23
Entering personal details of a new patient ................. E.23
Entering additional information .................................. E.26
Displaying detailed information .................................. E.28
Entering admission data .............................................. E.211
Entering examination data ........................................... E.212
Entering one study ................................................... E.212
Entering the patient position .................................... E.215
Administration numbers and comment .................... E.216
Entering institution data ............................................... E.217
Completing data entry .................................................. E.218
Assigning Patient Group .......................................... E.219
Registering a patient for the examination ................ E.220
Preregistering a patient ........................................... E.224
Cancelling patient registration ................................. E.225
E.3 Registering a Known Patient

Performing an HIS/RIS query ........................................ E.32
Automatic query ......................................................... E.32
Manual query ............................................................. E.32
Searching in the Patient Registration window ................ E.34
Entering the patient name/ID ..................................... E.34
Starting a search ....................................................... E.36
Cancelling a search ................................................... E.36
Search list .................................................................. E.37
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
E1
Contents
Accepting patient data................................................ E.38

Searching in the Patient Browser ................................. E.310
Completing your entries ............................................... E.313
Searching and registering in the HIS/RIS system ........ E.315
Calling up a patient worklist query ........................... E.316
Search list of the worklist query ............................... E.319
Accepting patient data.............................................. E.320
E.4 Configuring Patient Registration

Defining entries in the selection list ................................ E.42
Possible selection lists ............................................... E.43
Creating entries .......................................................... E.43
Default entries ............................................................ E.44
Configuring the patient search ....................................... E.45
Databases .................................................................. E.46
Limiting the number of patients found ........................ E.47
Display of the search list ............................................ E.48
Configuring the HIS/RIS system ..................................... E.49
Display expiry date of license................................... E.410
Settings for worklist update ...................................... E.411
Settings for patient RIS query .................................. E.413
0.0
E2
Operator Manual
CHAPTER
E.1
Introduction
E.1
Before you can examine a patient with your system, you must
register him or her.
E.1
Registration means that you give your system all the information about a patient that it requires for an examination.
E.1
Depending on how registrations are organized in your hospital
and how much time you have for registration, you can choose
between different patient registration procedures.
E.1
Registration
E.1
However, if you want to register a patient for an examination,

then you first enter his or her patient data or call it up from the
database and then examine the patient.
E.1
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
E.11
Introduction
Preregistration
E.1
If you want to prepare the system to examine a patient at a later

point in time, then you can preregister the patient.
For example, you can enter the data in the morning for all the
patients to be examined during the day. When you want to begin
an examination, simply call up this data and edit it, if necessary.
This saves time during the examinations.
E.1
HIS/RIS query
E.1
If your system is linked to, and licensed and registered for an

HIS/RIS system (hospital and radiology information system),
you can call up data for the patient to be examined.
E.1
Security - Privileges
E.1
InvokeRegistration allows to open the registration form and

perform registration.
E.1
0.0
E.12
Operator Manual
Introduction
Calling up Patient Registration
E.1
When Security is activated, you can register a patient only if you

E.1
You can call up patient registration both in the Patient menu,
and by using icon buttons on various task cards and from the
Patient Browser. You can choose between emergency registration and normal registration.
E.1
Patient menu
E.1
E.1
Buttons
Call up Patient > Register....

The Patient Registration window is then displayed.
E.1
Or
E.1
E.1
E.1
Click on the icon button on the task cards or on the toolbar of

Or
Symbol keypad
E.1
E.1
E.1
Press the Patient Register key on the symbol keypad.

E.1
NOTE
The button Patient Browser may not function if a dialog box
is open and active.
E.1
Click on the image area to deactivate the dialog box, or
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
E.13
Introduction
The Patient Registration window
E.1
The Patient Registration window is subdivided into four areas

into which you can enter the following data:
E.1
(1) Personal data of the patient (PATIENT)
(2) Referral data (HOSPITAL)
(3) Study-specific data (PROCEDURE)
(4) Institution data (INSTITUTION)
0.0
E.14
Operator Manual
Personal data of
the patient
Introduction
E.1
In the PATIENT area, you can enter all the personal details and
any additional information about the patient.
E.1
.
NOTE
Patient name, patient ID, date of birth and sex
are used for unique identification of a patient in the
databases or storage media.
E.1
E.1
Referral data
E.1
In the HOSPITAL area, you can enter the referring physician,

the preliminary diagnosis, preliminary admission ID, and the
hospital ward in which the patient is located.
E.1
Study-specific data
E.1
In the PROCEDURE area, you can enter information about the

planned examination, e.g. the patient position and the examination to be conducted.
E.1
Institution data
E.1
In the input fields of the INSTITUTION area, you can register

the name of your hospital or practice and the names of your
examinations personnel.
E.1
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
E.15
Introduction
0.0
E.16
Operator Manual
CHAPTER
E.2
E.2
Your system does not yet contain data for a patient who has not
yet been examined in your hospital or practice.
Information on new patients must therefore be entered prior to
the examination.
E.2
Registration
E.2
If you enter the patients data and want to examine the patient
immediately then you must fill in at least those input fields
whose names are displayed bold.
E.2
Preregistration
E.2
If you only want to preregister the patient for an examination at

a later point in time, data about his or her sex, name, patient ID,
and date of birth are sufficient.
E.2
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
E.21
Information for new patients is entered in the blank Patient

Registration window.
E.2
Call up the Patient Registration window.
Page E.13, Calling up Patient Registration
If you call up patient registration from the Patient Browser
make sure that you have not selected a patient or study there.
The input fields preconfigured by Siemens Service are shown

above. You can add further input fields to this configuration, e.g.
for example, a second operator.
Page A.44, Local service
E.2
0.0
E.22
Operator Manual
Entries in the PATIENT area
E.2
After you have called up patient registration, the cursor is in the

input field for patient name in the PATIENT area.
E.2
The Exam and Preregister buttons remain deactivated until
you have entered all the information required to register or preregister a patient.
E.2
Entering personal details of a new patient
E.2
Personal patient data include name, patient number, age, and

sex. This data uniquely identifies the patient in your databases.
E.2
E.2
Enter the patients last name, first name and, depending on

the configuration of your system, any title or suffix, if applicable.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
E.23
Enter a patient ID and depending on the configuration of

your system any other numbers.
If you do not enter a patient ID, your system will automatically
generate an ID based on the date, time, abbreviation for daylight-saving or standard time, and the identification number of
your system (unique worldwide).
E.2
Enter the patients date of birth.
The input format for the date of birth depends on the regional
settings of your operating system. The valid input format is
displayed in the status line.
You may separate day, month, year with -, . or / or a blank.
You may enter the month numerically or as a three-letter
abbreviation.
You may enter the year with four or two digits.
Examples: Mar/21/55 or 3-21-1955 or 21 03 55.
Enter the year of birth with four digits for patients over
100 years old. Only dates of birth after 18.11.1858 are processed correctly.
Enter the sex of the patient.
0.0
E.24
Operator Manual
Your system has already calculated the age of the patient from
the date of birth you entered above.
E.2
Check the age shown. If it is incorrect you must correct the
date of birth.
If you do not know the date of birth you can enter the estimated age here. The system then calculates a date of birth
from the current date. In the selection field next to it you can
enter whether the age is in years, months or days (for example for infants).
E.2
NOTE
Check once more that the patient name, patient number,
date of birth, and sex are correct to avoid confusion with
other patients.
E.2
Enter the height of the patient.
Enter the weight of the patient.

The units will depend on the regional settings of your system.
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Entering additional information
E.2
The planning and further procedure of an examination can

sometimes be simplified if you enter additional information
about the patient.
E.2
Enter any additional information about the patient, e.g. prior

examinations, in the field Additional info.
If the comment extends over more than three lines, a scroll
bar appears on the right-hand border of the input field. You
can use it to scroll through the input field.
Calling up an overview
E.2
For a better overview, you can check the text you have entered
again in a larger format.
E.2
Click on the button Blow up in the field Additional info.
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Operator Manual
In the window Full Additional Patient Information, you can

read the text that you entered in the field Additional info.
When a patient is registered for the first time, this window
cannot be opened. Only when these dates are called up later,
this overview can also be displayed.
Click on Close to close the window again.
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Displaying detailed information
E.2
Depending on the modality, it may be necessary to display additional patient data and information.
E.2
Click on the button Details....
The window Additional Patient Attributes is displayed.
E.2
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Operator Manual
E.2
When a patient is registered for the first time, this window

cannot be opened. Only when these dates are called up later,
the Additional Patient Attributes can also be displayed.
This field informs you whether your patient suffers from any
allergies, e.g. caused by medication.
Here you are informed about any allergies that patient might
have to contrast agents.
If a contrast agent has to be administered, the contrast agent
to be used is entered in this field.
This field informs you of any medication that has to be administered to the patient before start of the examination.
This field tells you if special arrangements have to be made
for your patient, e.g. whether he or she requires a wheelchair
or the services of an interpreter.
This field gives you information about the general state of
health of your patient (e.g. reduced vision or loss of orientation).
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The field Smoking status tells you whether your patient is a

smoker or not.
This field tells you if a female patient is pregnant or not.
Under Last menstrual date you can see the date of the last
menstrual cycle of your patient.
In the field Additional patient history you will find information about the previous history of the patient.
Like in the field Additional info, here you can enter several
lines of text in the Additional patient history area and have
an overview displayed.
Page E.26, Entering additional information
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Entering admission data
E.2
In the HOSPITAL area you can enter information about admission of the patient to your practice.
E.2
Enter the name of the physician (e.g. family doctor) who referred the patient or select one from the selection list.
Enter the name of the physician who requested admission of

the patient within the hospital or select one from the selection
list.
Enter a preliminary patient number.

In Registration Configuration you can define the entries in
these selection lists.
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Entering examination data
E.2
Information about the examination to be conducted can be

entered in the PROCEDURE area.
E.2
Entering one study
E.2
In the Study input field, select the examination region and

examination that you want to perform. These data are transferred to the parameter card Program where you then immediately see the standard program for the selected examination. E.2
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Enter the first few letters of the required study.

The study list opens up and the first study which matches your
entry is highlighted and placed in the input field.
E.2
If you click on a study in this list it is placed in the input field

immediately.
It then also appears in the field Requested procedure(s)
immediately.
E.2
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Or
E.2
Scroll through the study list with the scroll bar until you find
the required region of the body.
Click on the + symbol in front of this entry to display all the
studies grouped together for this region.
The + symbol becomes a - symbol.
Click on the - symbol to hide the studies again.
Click on the study you require in the selection list.
It then appears in the Study input field.
E.2
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Entering the patient position
E.2
After you have entered the requested examination, you enter

the position that the patient is to adopt during the examination.E.2
In the Exam task card you can change the patient position
again.
Select the patient position for the first study in the selection
list. The patient position is defined as direction - position.
E.2
Direction:
E.2
Head First
The patient is lying with his or her head toward the examination unit.
Feet First
The patient is lying with his or her feet toward the examination unit.
E.2
Position:
E.2
Left Lateral
The patient is lying on the left-hand side.
Right Lateral
The patient is lying on the right-hand side.
Supine
The patient is lying on his/her back.
Prone
The patient is lying on his/her stomach.
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Administration numbers and comment
E.2
If you have compiled a study list, the following data refer to all
studies in the list.
E.2
Configuration-dependent input and output field for the access

number of the study assigned by the RIS (radiological information system).
E.2
Enter the internal administration number of the study here or

accept the preset number if already entered by your system.
Enter a comment for the study.
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Entering institution data
E.2
In the INSTITUTION area, you enter the information about the

examining institution and the examination personnel. This information can be helpful if the examination results are passed on
to a different organization for reporting.
E.2
Enter the name of the hospital or practice or select it from the

selection list.
Enter the name of the examining physician or physicians or

select them from the selection list.
Enter the name of the operator or operators or select them

In Registration Configuration you can define the entries in
these selection lists.
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Completing data entry
E.2
After you have entered all the necessary patient data in the
Patient Registration window, you can assign a certain patient
group to the patient data, register the patient for the ensuing
examination or preregister him or her for examination later on.E.2
E.2
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Registering a patient twice.
E.2
Consequence: Incorrect diagnosis possible.
E.2
Remedy: Make sure that you do not register the patient

twice. Always check whether the entry already exists. E.2
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Assigning Patient Group
E.2
Before you preregister or register a patient, you can assign a

certain patient group to the patient data, provided that you are
entitled to do so.
E.2
This assignment limits access to the patient images.
E.2
Click on the Patient Group button to assign a patient group.

E.2
The dialog box Select Default Patient Groups appears.
E.2
Select the protections to be applied and click on OK.
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Registering a patient for the examination
E.2
If you want to examine the patient directly afterwards, register

the patient now. The ensuing examination is conducted with the
data that you have entered.
E.2
Registration
E.2
E.2
Click on the Exam button.

Depending on the configuration of your system, a dialog box
appears in which you must confirm the patient position, weight,
and, if necessary, the date of birth of the patient.
E.2
The dialog box Registration Confirmation is displayed.
E.2
Check your entries, especially patient weight, which is used

for the SAR calculation.
Confirm the information with Confirm.
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Or
E.2
If this data is incorrect, click on Cancel. You will return to the

Patient Registration window.
Patient already known to
the system
E.2
E.2
When you have confirmed the patient data the system checks
whether a patient with this personal data has already been preregistered or is stored in the local database. If so, the Patient
not unique dialog box is displayed.
E.2
Select the patient entry and confirm by clicking on the Exam

button.
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Or
E.2
Click on Cancel to cancel registration in order to change the

patient data.
Checking the weight
E.2
During registration the system checks whether the relationship

between age and weight is realistic. If the system detects any
inconsistencies, a warning window such as the following is displayed.
E.2
Click on Yes if you want to correct your entries.

You will then return to the dialog box Patient Registration.
E.2
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Or
E.2
Click on No if you wish to register and examine the patient

with these settings.
E.2
WA R N I N G
If you register and examine the patient with the weight you
have entered, SAR limit values may be exceeded.
E.2
Depending on your configuration the system checks during registration whether the relation between the age and the weight is
plausible. If the system finds a mismatch, registration is canceled. You then return to the Patient Registration window and
you can correct your entries.
E.2
After successful completion of all checks, the following message appears in the footer of the Patient Registration window:E.2
Transferring patient to examination.
E.2
The patient is now registered for the examination.

The Patient Registration window is closed and you return to
the Exam task card.
E.2
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Preregistering a patient
E.2
You can preregister the patient with the data entered if you want
to conduct the examination later on. When you start the
examination you then call up the data entered and therefore
save time during routine examinations.
Page E.31, Registering a Known Patient
E.2
Preregistration
E.2
E.2
Click on the Preregister button.

The system checks whether the patient has already been preregistered or is already stored in the database. If necessary the
Patient not unique dialog box is displayed.
Page E.221, Patient already known to the system
E.2
Next, the following message appears in the footer of the Patient

Registration window:
Patient successfully preregistered.
E.2
The patient is put in the scheduler. The input fields of the
Patient Registration window are now empty again. You can
enter the data of the next patient.
E.2
The data of a patient may appear twice in the scheduler if the

patient has been preregistered at two consoles, simultaneously. In that case, delete one of the entries.
Page D.616, Deleting data
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Cancelling patient registration
E.2
You can cancel entering patient data any time. All data that are
entered in the Patient Registration window are lost.
E.2
E.2
Click on the Cancel button.

The Patient Registration window is closed and you return to
the application from which you called up patient registration. E.2
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Registering a Known
Patient
CHAPTER
E.3
E.3
A patient who is preregistered or has already been examined in

your hospital or practice is known to your system.
E.3
If you want to register a known patient for an examination you
do not need to enter the patients data again. You can search for
the patient in the databases and place the stored information in
the Patient Registration window, saving time during registration.
E.3
HIS/RIS-query
E.3
If the data of the patient has already been entered via an HIS/
RIS system, you can call up that data from the hospital network
and place it in the scheduler. The patient is then preregistered.
E.3
Preregistered patient
E.3
If the patient is preregistered you call up the data entered previously and add to it, if necessary. After that you register the
patient for examination.
E.3
Patient already examined
E.3
You can use the personal data from the database for a patient
who has already been examined. Check the data, correct it, if
necessary, and enter the new examination data. Next, register
the patient for the ensuing examination or preregister the
patient if you want to examine him or her later.
E.3
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Performing an HIS/RIS query
E.3
With an HIS/RIS query, the patient data entered in the hospital

network is updated at specific intervals.
E.3
Automatic query
E.3
Depending on the configuration, your system either queries

data intended for your workstation, or data from the HIS/RIS
system intended for other workstations with the same modality.
E.3
This process is triggered automatically at specific intervals if

you activate it in the configuration window of Patient Registration.
Page D.24, Updating the scheduler
Page E.411, Automatic update
E.3
Manual query
E.3
You can also query the HIS/RIS system manually at any time.E.3
Before you start looking through the patient data in the databases, make sure that the scheduler contains all the patient
data required for the examination.
Call up View > Update Worklist in the Patient Browser or
double-click on the Scheduler symbol.
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Defining the worklist

time range
E.3
If configured, the window Worklist Time Range appears when

you make a manual HIS/RIS query. In it you can define the start
and end time of the patient data entered in the HIS/RIS system
for your query.
E.3
You can delimit the worklist range to a period of interest to you,
for example, to all the patient data entered that day.
E.3
Enter the start and end point (date and time) of your worklist
query.
Click on Get Worklist to call up the updated worklist for the
defined period.
Page E.37, Search list
Or
E.3
Click on Cancel to close the Worklist Time Range window

without updating the worklist.
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Searching in the Patient

Registration window
E.3
You can search for patient data in the databases from the
Patient Registration window and then use the data for registration.
E.3
Entering the patient name/ID
E.3
Call up the Patient Registration window.

If you call up registration from the Patient Browser, make
sure that no patient or study is currently selected there to
ensure that the registration dialog opens empty.
Enter the data known to you in the fields Last name and
Patient ID.
Page E.23, Entries in the PATIENT area
It does not matter whether your entries contain upper or lower
case letters.
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Wildcards for patient

name and ID
E.3
If you know only part of the name or part of the ID of the patient
you are looking for, you can also use an asterisk * as a wildcard.
E.3
A wildcard stands for any number of characters (letters and/or
numbers).
E.3
You can use up to two asterisks * as wildcards in the input
field, before and/or after the known part of the name or ID.
If you leave one or more fields empty, the search is performed
as if you had entered a *.
If you enter first and last names of a patient for the search,
you must separate them by a "*".
Example of a patient
name
E.3
If you enter Mill*, the names Miller and Mill, but not Hamilton will be found.
E.3
Example of a patient ID
E.3
If you enter *sy*, the patient IDs GO18ENSY39987 and

SYHODSON40425 will be found.
E.3
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Starting a search
E.3
You can start the search once you have entered the patients
name and/or the patient ID.
E.3
E.3
Click on Search.
The Search button will turn into the Abort button.
E.3
The databases of your system are now searched for the patient
with the name and/or ID entered.
E.3
In Registration Configuration you can define which databases (e.g. local database, archive) are to be searched.
Page E.45, Configuring the patient search
Cancelling a search
E.3
You can cancel a search at any time, for example, if you have
made a mistake entering the name.
E.3
E.3
Click on Abort.
The search is canceled and you return to the Patient Registration window. No data will be transferred. The Abort button will
turn into the Search button.
E.3
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Search list
E.3
Patients found in the databases are listed in the Patient Search

window. The hit list is displayed as soon as more than one
patient is found.
E.3
In Registration Configuration you can set which patient

data are to be displayed in the Patient Search window.
Status bar
E.3
The status bar shows the progression of the search in the

Patient Search window. The following information is displayed:E.3
which database is being searched,
to what extent this database has already been searched
(in %),
how many patients have already been found.
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Accepting patient data
E.3
The search for further patients in the databases continues, even

after the first patient has been found. As soon as a second
patient has been found, your system will display the Patient
Search window with the hit list.
E.3
One patient found
E.3
If only one patient has been found at the end of the search, his
or her personal data are automatically placed in the Patient
E.3
For a preregistered patient, all data previously entered are
transferred to the Patient Registration window.
E.3
More than one patient

found
E.3
If more than one patient is found, select the patient you require
from the search list and transfer that patients data.
E.3
Select the patient in the search list and click on OK.
Or
E.3
Double-click on the required patient.

The personal data of the selected patient (for preregistered
patients, all data entered previously) are placed in the Patient
E.3
The Patient Search window is closed.
E.3
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Operator Manual
NOTE
If the patient found was examined using the previous
Numaris software, not all the registration information will be
displayed in the Patient Registration window
(e.g. Request ID, Referring Physician, 1.Performing
Physician).
E.3
Patient not found
E.3
If the hit list does not contain the required patient or if no patient
has been found, you may have incorrectly entered the name or
patient number, or the data of the patient may be stored in a
database that you have not searched.
E.3
Click on Cancel if the patient you require is not displayed in
the hit list.
The Patient Search window will close and you will return to the
Patient Registration window again.
E.3
Repeat your search with changed entries and/or extend the
search to further databases.
In Registration Configuration you can define which databases to include in the search.
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Searching in the Patient Browser
E.3
You can also use the Patient Browser to search for a patient in
the scheduler, local database, and archive. The patients data
can then be transferred to the Patient Registration window.
You can simplify your search by filtering and sorting the patient
data.
Page D.246, Calling up additional information about a
patient
E.3
First select the database from which you want to transfer the
patient data.
Search and select the required patient in the navigation area
or in the content area of the Patient Browser.
Or
E.3
Select the study or studies of the patient that you want to perform or repeat.
Or
E.3
Select the series of the patient that you want to perform or

repeat.
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Transferring data to
registration
E.3
Call up the Patient Registration window by clicking on

Patient > Register....
Or
E.3
E.3
Click on the icon button in the toolbar.

Or
E.3
Drag the selected data into the Patient Registration window

(drag & drop).
Registering a patient
directly
E.3
You can also register a preregistered patient for the examination directly if all the data required for the examination have
been entered.
E.3
Double-click on the procedure or the procedure step in the
scheduler.
You can select procedure steps of different procedures by
pressing the Ctrl or the Shift button.
The data are directly transferred to the examination card.
E.3
Once all the data required for registration have been entered,
and depending on the configuration, the window Registration
Confirmation appears in which you must confirm entries such
as patient name or date of birth, etc.
E.3
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Click on Confirm if all entries are correct.

The window Patient Registration closes and the examination
card is displayed.
E.3
Or
Click on Register if you want to change the patient data.
The Patient Registration window appears in which you can
make any necessary changes.
Page E.313, Completing your entries
E.3
If not all of the fields required for registration are completed,
the window Patient Registration is called up automatically.
Click on Cancel to close the window Registration Confirmation automatically without registering the patient.
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Completing your entries
E.3
After you have transferred the patient data you searched for into
the Patient Registration window, check that it is correct and if
necessary add the missing data before registering the patient.
Page E.211, Entering admission data
Page E.212, Entering examination data
Page E.217, Entering institution data
E.3
Depending on the configuration of your system, it may only be

possible to correct HIS/RIS data partially.
Registering
E.3
E.3
Click on Exam if you want to examine the next patient.

The patient will be registered for the examination.
E.3
The examination data will be transferred to the Examination

task card and you can begin the examination.
E.3
Or
Preregister
E.3
E.3
E.3
Click on Preregister to preregister the patient.
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Corrected patient data
E.3
If you have transferred the patient from the local database and
made corrections to that patients personal data in the Patient
Registration window, this message box appears.
E.3
Do not forget to correct the patient data in the original record

later on.
Page D.42, Correcting patient or examination data
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Searching and registering in the

HIS/RIS system
E.3
If you cannot find a particular patient in the databases although

he or she has been entered in the HIS/RIS system, you can
search through the entire HIS/RIS system with a worklist
query.
E.3
If configured, you can also use this method to access patient
data intended for other workstations and modalities.
E.3
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Calling up a patient worklist query
E.3
The patient worklist query allows you to search the whole HIS/
RIS system for patient data. The search is performed according
to the following entries:
E.3
First and last name, title

Patient ID
Referring Physician
Ward
Accession Number
Request ID
Scheduled physician
As empty fields are treated like "wildcards", you should complete at least one of the fields so that the search result is better manageable.
You will find information about "wildcards" for a patient search
on
You cannot use a patient ID entered automatically as a
search term.
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Starting a search
E.3
Call up View > Patientbased Worklist in the menu of the

Patient Browser.
The dialog Patient Worklist Query appears.
E.3
Enter search criteria. You may also use wildcards.

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Click on Get Worklist.

The Get Worklist button turns into the Cancel button.
E.3
The HIS/RIS system is now searched for patients with the

entered data.
Canceling a search
E.3
E.3
You can cancel a search at any time, e.g. if you have made a
mistake entering the name.
E.3
In that case, click on Cancel.
The search is canceled without any data being transferred.
E.3
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Search list of the worklist query
E.3
The patient data found in the HIS/RIS system are listed in the
window Results of the Patient Based Worklist Query. The
search list is also displayed if only one patient has been found.E.3
All the data found for a particular patient is automatically preregistered in the Scheduler for the intended modality.
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Accepting patient data
E.3
Select a patient from the search list.

Click on OK.
Or
E.3
Double-click on a patient entry.

You can close the Results of Patient Based Worklist Query
window with Cancel.
The data of the selected patient is transferred to the Patient
E.3
If the fields in the Patient Registration window contain the
data of another patient, they are overwritten by the data of the
new patient.
Patient not found
E.3
If you have not found the patient you are looking for, correct your
entries, if necessary, and start the search again.
E.3
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CHAPTER
E.4
Configuring Patient
Registration
E.4
Patient registration can be customized according to your individual examination registration.

E.4
You can change the following default settings:
E.4
The entries in the selection lists of the Patient Registration

window.
Selection of the databases you want to search when using
the search function, the search procedure, and display of the
search results.
Worklist settings, if an HIS/RIS system is connected.
Call up the Numaris/4-Configuration Panel

(Options > Configuration... in the main menu).
Call up the configuration window for patient registration.
The Basics section of this manual describes how to call up
The Registration Configuration window with the Entering
Data, Searching, and HIS/RIS tab cards is displayed.
E.4
The card HIS/RIS is only displayed if your system is connected to the HIS/RIS system and configured and licensed
accordingly.
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Defining entries in the selection list
E.4
You create selection lists in the Entering Data tab card. You
can access these entries during patient registration. In this way,
you save time during data entry and avoid typing errors.
E.4
Click the Entering Data tab card into the foreground.
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Operator Manual
Possible selection lists
E.4
You can change and add to the selection lists for the following
input fields if these fields are shown on the Patient Registration window:
E.4
Referring physician
Admitting diagnosis
Name of the institution
Name of the performing physician
Name of the operator
Creating entries
E.4
Each selection list can contain up to 50 entries.
E.4
Under Entry, select which selection list you want to edit.

Enter new entries in the text input field and correct or delete
the existing entries.
Make sure that the entries required most often are as near to
the top of the dropdown list as possible.
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Default entries
E.4
For each selection list you can define whether and which
entries are preselected in an input field when you call up patient
registration.
E.4
Choose one of these three options:
No default
When you call up the patient registration the input field is
empty.
Use first entry as default
When you call up the patient registration the first entry from
the selection list is already in the input field.
Keep selection from previous (pre-)registration as
default
When you call up the patient registration the entry you
selected for the last patient you (pre-) registered is already in
the input field.
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Configuring the patient search
E.4
The Searching tab card lets you define which databases are to
be searched during a patient search, after how many hits the
search is terminated, and what information the search list is to
contain.
E.4
Click the Searching tab card into the foreground.
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Databases
E.4
During a patient search the following databases can be

searched.
E.4
Scheduler
(contains all preregistered patients)
Local database
(contains all patients who have been examined in the past
and whose data have not yet been archived)
Local archive
(contains all patients stored on the data media currently
inserted)
Select the databases that you want to search during the

patient search.
It is not possible to exclude the scheduler from the search.
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Limiting the number of patients found
E.4
You can have the search stopped once a certain number of

patients has been found.
E.4
Enter the number of hits at which you want the patient search
to be abandoned.
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Display of the search list
E.4
Here you can select which data of the patients found will be
listed in the Patient Search window and how the data should
be displayed.
You can have the following information displayed:
E.4
Personal data
You can have some or all of the information entered in the
PATIENT area displayed in the search list.
Admission data
Information about the referring physician and ward from area
HOSPITAL.
Information about hospital/practice
The name of the hospital/practice that you have entered in
area INSTITUTION.
Location
The network node where the data of the patient displayed in
the search list are stored.
Enter in which column of the search list you want to have this
information displayed.
Enter the column width (number of characters).
Click on the information that you want to display.
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Operator Manual
Configuring the HIS/RIS system
E.4
If your system is connected to an HIS/RIS system (hospital or

radiology information system), you can also select the HIS/RIS
card.
E.4
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E.49
Display expiry date of license
E.4
The use of the worklist for the management of your patients is

subject to a restricted license which you must renew in good
time before the expiry date.
E.4
E.4
Click on the control box if you want a message to appear as

of 30 days before expiry of the license for the use of the
worklist.
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Operator Manual
Settings for worklist update
E.4
You can regularly update the scheduler with new patient data by
calling up the menu entry View > Update Worklist or by double-clicking on the Scheduler symbol.
E.4
Search area
E.4
E.4
Generally, your system only queries the patient data intended

for your workstation, but you can also call up data intended for
other workstations of the same modality in the HIS/RIS system.
E.4
Click on the option field Local site to query all the data
intended for your workstation.
Or
E.4
Click on the option field Modality of type... if configured.

The system queries all the patient data of your institute
intended for all the workstations of the modality in question.
E.4
Automatic update
E.4
This process is triggered automatically at regular intervals if you

activate it.
E.4
Click on the check box to have your system initiate an HIS/
RIS query at regular intervals.
Page E.12, HIS/RIS query
If your system is equipped with a main and a satellite console
you should start the HIS/RIS query from only one console.
This console must be connected directly to the hospital network.
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Time range
E.4
If you query the HIS/RIS system manually you can limit the
extent of the worklist to a defined time range.
Page E.33, Defining the worklist time range
E.4
Click on the control box to enable time range configuration

for manual update.
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Operator Manual
Settings for patient RIS query
E.4
You can additionally update the scheduler with new patient data
by a patient based query in the Patient Registration window.E.4
Search area
E.4
E.4
Besides patient data intended for your workstation you can also
call up data that are intended for other workstations of the same
modality in the HIS/RIS system.
E.4
Click on the option field Whole RIS to query all the data of
the RIS system.
Or
E.4
Click on the option field Local site to query all the data
intended for your workstation.
Or
E.4
Click on the option field Modality of type..., if configured.

The system queries all the patient data of your institute
intended for all the workstations of the modality in question.
E.4
Time range
E.4
You can limit the extent of the worklist to a defined time range.E.4
Click on the control box to narrow down the worklist, for
example, to the patient entries for the current day only.
E.4
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Operator Manual
PART
Examination
F.0
F.1 Introduction to the MR Examination

Layout of the Exam task card .........................................F.12
Procedure for routine scanning .......................................F.14
Important terms ...............................................................F.16
F.2 Loading the Scan Program

Checking the region and examination .............................F.22
Selecting a scan program ...............................................F.24
Selecting a scan program on the
Program parameter card ............................................F.25
Selecting a scan program in the Exam Explorer ........F.26
Transferring a scan program to the program control ......F.27
Transferring a routine scan program ..........................F.27
Transferring individual program instructions .............F.210
Adding further program instructions or
scan programs ..........................................................F.212
F.3 Measuring, Editing, and Managing Ref. Images

Measuring reference images ..........................................F.32
Using reconstructed images as reference images ..........F.34
Loading images into the image area ..........................F.35
Display of loaded reference images ...........................F.38
Defining the scroll order ............................................F.313
Scrolling within image segments ..............................F.318
Editing reference images ..............................................F.322
Selecting images explicitly and implicitly ..................F.322
Changing window values ..........................................F.324
Enlarging, reducing, and panning
reference images ......................................................F.326
Flipping and rotating images ....................................F.330
Showing/hiding image text ........................................F.332
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Contents
Examination
Pixel coordinates, distances, and angles ................. F.334

Removing images from the image area ................... F.337
Repeating scans (Phoenix) ...................................... F.337
Table position and reference images ........................... F.338
Scanning at a table position ..................................... F.340
Scans with patient table movement ......................... F.341
Scan program with multiple localizers ...................... F.343
Saving, exporting, and transferring images .................. F.346
Saving images and GSP images ............................. F.348
Transferring images to other task cards................... F.351
Filming, sending, and exporting images................... F.352
F.4 Positioning Slices

Preparing for positioning ................................................ F.42
Graphic objects .............................................................. F.45
Slices and slice groups .............................................. F.46
Slabs and slab groups................................................ F.48
Saturation regions .................................................... F.410
Navigator Objects..................................................... F.415
Display of graphic objects in the
reference images ..................................................... F.417
Graphic slice positioning (GSP) ................................... F.430
Displaying orientation aids ....................................... F.431
Selecting graphic objects ......................................... F.439
Moving objects ......................................................... F.442
Rotating objects ....................................................... F.449
Adding slice and slab groups ................................... F.458
Adding saturation regions ........................................ F.466
Changing graphic slice parameters.......................... F.469
Deleting graphic objects ........................................... F.485
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Examination
Contents
Transferring the position of reference images ..........F.486

Nearest .....................................................................F.488
Applying slice settings ..............................................F.489
F.5 Adjusting Measurement Parameters

Overview of parameter cards ..........................................F.53
Routine parameter card ..............................................F.55
Contrast parameter card ...........................................F.511
Resolution parameter card .......................................F.517
Geometry parameter card ........................................F.523
System parameter card ............................................F.534
Physio parameter card .............................................F.540
Angio parameter card ...............................................F.546
BOLD parameter card ..............................................F.551
Diff parameter card ...................................................F.554
Perf parameter card ..................................................F.556
Inline parameter card ................................................F.558
Sequence parameter card ........................................F.564
Working in the parameter card stack ............................F.569
Protocol info line .......................................................F.569
Changing parameter values and
observing value ranges ............................................F.571
Displaying and editing parameter groups .................F.574
Adding or deleting graphic objects ...........................F.576
Adjusting the orientation and position
of graphic objects .....................................................F.577
Keyboard operation ..................................................F.582
Accepting measurement parameter settings ................F.584
Copying measurement parameters ...............................F.585
Saving the Job List........................................................F.591
Saving a single scan protocol .......................................F.592
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Examination
F.6 Performing a routine examination

Displaying the job list in the program control .................. F.64
Scan procedure for a routine examination ................... F.610
Running complete protocols..................................... F.611
Completing and running a protocol
with a construction worker icon ................................ F.612
Playing back patient instructions manually .............. F.616
Closing a routine examination .................................. F.618
Starting a protocol manually ......................................... F.621
Starting a protocol manually - single scan ............... F.622
Starting a protocol manually - multiple scans........... F.624
Interrupting scanning .................................................... F.629
Repeating scans ........................................................... F.634
Defining a new center position ................................. F.636
Scanning an open protocol more than once ............ F.637
Processing the job list while scans are
being performed ........................................................... F.639
Completing protocols ............................................... F.639
Applying parameter settings..................................... F.643
Inconsistencies in parameter settings ...................... F.649
Inserting new program instructions .......................... F.653
Generating a protocol from acquired
images (Phoenix) ..................................................... F.658
Changing scan sequence......................................... F.660
Deleting program instructions .................................. F.663
Changing protocol properties ................................... F.665
Saving a job list as a new program .............................. F.666
Numbering of reconstructed images ............................ F.667
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Examination
Contents
Resolving conflicts and inconsistencies ........................F.672

Inconsistent coil configuration ..................................F.672
Inconsistencies resulting from a
changed table position ..............................................F.675
F.7 Using a contrast agent

Actual procedure agent ...................................................F.72
Documenting the use of Contrast Agent .........................F.75
Documenting the use of contrast agent
in the examination pause ............................................F.75
without a pause ..........................................................F.77
Specifying contrast agent details ................................F.79
Resetting the contrast agent icon .............................F.712
Editing the contrast agent catalog ............................F.713
Inserting and planning contrast agent pauses ..............F.715
F.8 Positioning the Patient Table

Calling up table positioning .........................................F.82
Current table position .................................................F.83
Moving the table by a certain distance .......................F.84
Moving the table into the isocenter .............................F.85
Moving the table almost completely
out of the magnet ........................................................F.85
Canceling a table movement ......................................F.86
Canceling table STOP ................................................F.86
Switching magnet opening lighting on/off ...................F.87
Switching magnet opening ventilation on/off ..............F.88
Closing the examination .............................................F.89
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Examination
F.9 Working with instruction areas

Editing a body region instruction range .......................... F.93
Changing the body region range marker.................... F.93
Deleting the body region range marker ...................... F.94
Editing a work step in the instruction area ...................... F.95
Adding a work step to range marker .......................... F.96
Editing a new work step ............................................. F.97
Response to a missing work step .............................. F.99
Canceling a procedure step ..................................... F.910
Completing a procedure step ................................... F.911
Deleting the procedure step range marker............... F.912
Editing an image comment ........................................... F.913
Entering an image comment .................................... F.914
Inserting a new image comment .............................. F.915
Changing the image comment ................................. F.916
Deleting an image comment .................................... F.917
F.10 Inline Display

Starting Inline Display ................................................... F.102
Changing the Inline Display ..................................... F.106
Setting the size of the Inline Display ........................ F.107
Image display ............................................................... F.109
Modifying image display ............................................. F.1011
Image windowing ................................................... F.1012
Zooming and panning an image............................. F.1014
Hiding image text ................................................... F.1015
Removing an image ............................................... F.1015
Saving images ............................................................ F.1016
Automatic image storage ....................................... F.1016
Manual image storage............................................ F.1018
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Examination
Contents
Copying the image position .........................................F.1019

Selective image display (BOLD) .................................F.1021
Interactive scanning in real-time mode (optional) .......F.1022
Inline Display for CARE Bolus scans ..........................F.1025
Starting multiple breath-hold scans .............................F.1026
Display of the spectroscopy time signal ......................F.1030
Ending Inline Display ..................................................F.1031
Tips on optimum performance with
real-time scans............................................................F.1033
F.11 Patient instructions

Playing back an existing voice output ...........................F.113
Playing back patient instructions manually ...............F.115
Automatic playback of a voice output .......................F.117
Setting playback of voice outputs .............................F.118
Recording and editing voice outputs ...........................F.1113
Recording a new voice output ................................F.1115
Changing a voice output .........................................F.1121
Reordering voice outputs ........................................F.1123
Deleting user-defined voice outputs .......................F.1124
Configuring voice output .............................................F.1129
F.12 Protocol and Pause Properties

Editing protocol properties ............................................F.122
Entering a protocol name .........................................F.124
Defining start options ................................................F.125
Setting automatic saving and loading .....................F.1210
Setting a copy reference .........................................F.1214
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Examination
Displaying upgrade info.......................................... F.1216

Applying or rejecting the changed
protocol properties ................................................. F.1218
Editing pause properties ............................................. F.1219
Entering the pause name and comment ................ F.1221
Planning contrast agent administration .................. F.1223
Applying or rejecting modified
pause properties .................................................... F.1227
F.13 Printing protocols

Printing ......................................................................... F.132
Opening the print dialog box .................................... F.132
Setting the printer ..................................................... F.134
Setting the print range .............................................. F.135
Print preview of protocols ......................................... F.138
Starting to print ....................................................... F.1312
Exporting data into a file ............................................. F.1313
F.14 SAR and Stimulation Monitoring

Operating modes .......................................................... F.142
Automatic SAR monitoring ........................................... F.146
Display of the necessary registration ....................... F.147
Calculated SAR higher than the limit value ............ F.1410
Switching modes .................................................... F.1414
SAR message on other task cards......................... F.1419
Displaying SAR information ........................................ F.1420
Displaying predicted SAR values ........................... F.1422
Displaying the SAR status...................................... F.1425
Querying SAR-relevant patient data ...................... F.1426
Displaying information about the protocol .............. F.1428
Displaying current SAR values............................... F.1429
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Examination
Contents
Automatic stimulation monitoring ................................F.1431

Stimulation threshold exceeded .............................F.1432
Stimulation limit reached ........................................F.1434
Stimulation message on other task cards ...............F.1438
Information for stimulation monitoring .........................F.1440
The SAFE subtask card ..........................................F.1440
The dB/dt subtask card ...........................................F.1442
F.15 Physiologically Controlled Scans

Preparing a physiologically controlled scan ..................F.153
Monitoring signals on the physiological display ............F.155
Setting parameters......................................................F.1513
Setting ECG triggering ............................................F.1515
Setting pulse triggering ...........................................F.1525
Setting respiratory triggering ..................................F.1526
Setting an external trigger signal ............................F.1530
Setting retrospective gating ....................................F.1531
Starting the scan .........................................................F.1534
F.16 Managing scan programs

Calling up the Exam Explorer .......................................F.163
Layout of the Exam Explorer .........................................F.165
Navigation and content area .....................................F.165
Data levels ................................................................F.166
Tool bar ....................................................................F.169
Displaying unlicensed scan programs ........................F.1610
Finding a scan program ..............................................F.1612
Searching for a name .............................................F.1614
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Examination
Processing entries ...................................................... F.1618

Moving entries ........................................................ F.1619
Copying, cutting, and pasting entries ..................... F.1621
Deleting entries ...................................................... F.1624
Renaming and annotating entries .......................... F.1625
Editing properties of scan programs ...................... F.1628
Creating a new examination region ............................ F.1631
Assigning an examination region to a
body region ............................................................ F.1632
Creating a new examination ....................................... F.1637
Creating a new program ............................................. F.1638
Inserting program instructions .................................... F.1639
Finding a protocol................................................... F.1640
Viewing protocol parameters.................................. F.1644
Inserting a protocol................................................. F.1645
New protocol from a sequence
Creating.................................................................. F.1646
Creating a new protocol from a series
or image (Phoenix) ................................................. F.1650
Inserting a scan pause ........................................... F.1653
Editing protocol parameters ....................................... F.1655
Changing parameter settings ................................. F.1656
Changing a coil configuration ................................. F.1657
Applying or rejecting changes ................................ F.1659
Editing protocol and pause properties ........................ F.1660
Saving scan programs ................................................ F.1661
Saving the scan program under a new name ........ F.1661
Saving a scan program under the same name ...... F.1665
Transferring a scan program to the
program control .......................................................... F.1666
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Operator Manual
Examination
Contents
Updating filming study layouts ....................................F.1668

Importing/exporting examination
database objects .........................................................F.1670
Importing objects ....................................................F.1671
Exporting objects ....................................................F.1678
Printing protocols ........................................................F.1681
Exam Explorer Closing ...............................................F.1682
F.17 Maestro Layout and Movie Display (Option)

Maestro layout ..............................................................F.172
Selecting the Maestro layout and
loading series ...........................................................F.174
Transferring series from stamp segments
into image segments ................................................F.175
Repeating scanning of a series ................................F.176
Saving, filming, exporting, and transferring
series for postprocessing ..........................................F.176
Navigating in the stamp segments ...........................F.177
Changing the arrangement of series ......................F.1710
Movie display ..............................................................F.1713
Groups within a series ............................................F.1714
Starting the movie display ......................................F.1715
Controlling movie display ........................................F.1717
Controlling movie display using the
dialog box ...............................................................F.1720
Configuring movie display ......................................F.1732
F.18 Breast Biopsy

Loading and selecting images ......................................F.187
Search for original images ........................................F.187
Changing the image display .....................................F.189
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Contents
Examination
Setting markers to calculate the biopsy channel ........ F.1812

Setting a reference marker..................................... F.1813
Setting a lesion marker .......................................... F.1816
Entering a lesion name .......................................... F.1818
Calculating the biopsy channel ................................... F.1819
Creating the worksheet .......................................... F.1823
Performing a biopsy
examination ................................................................ F.1828
Checking the marker position................................. F.1828
Biopsy examination for multilesions ........................... F.1829
F.19 Automatic Position Suggestion

Basics....................................................................... F.192
Requirements ........................................................... F.193
Display in the Program Control ................................ F.194
Examination with AutoAlign .......................................... F.195
Measuring an AutoAlign Scout ................................. F.195
Adjusting the following protocols .............................. F.198
Closing the AutoAlign examination ........................ F.1910
Deactivating AutoAlign ............................................... F.1911
Checking the patient's age ......................................... F.1913
Patient too young ................................................... F.1913
Unsuitable patient positioning ................................ F.1916
Canceling an AutoAlign scan ..................................... F.1917
Repeating the AutoAlign Scout .................................. F.1919
Editing an AutoAlign scan program ............................ F.1921
Inserting programs and protocols........................... F.1921
Setting copy references ......................................... F.1922
Creating a protocol from a series or
image (Phoenix) ..................................................... F.1923
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Examination
Contents
Creating new AutoAlign programs ..............................F.1926

Creating your own AutoAlign head
program in the Exam Explorer ................................F.1926
Exporting executed programs to the
Exam Explorer ........................................................F.1927
Planning with atlas images .....................................F.1928
F.20 Quality Measurement

Performing Quality Measurements ...............................F.202
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Contents
Examination
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Operator Manual
Introduction to the
MR Examination
CHAPTER
F.1
F.1
After you register a patient, you'll make the necessary preparations in the examination room.
F.1
Preparations in the
examination room
F.1
Position the patient in the orientation entered during patient registration. Observe the information regarding patient safety provided in the System Manual. Position the coil(s) and connect
the coil cables to the connectors on the patient table. Mark the
center of the region to be examined with the laser light localizer
and move the patient into the magnet isocenter.
see System Manual
F.1
Working at the console
F.1
Next, start scanning from the console in the control room. For
this purpose, use the Exam task card. This card enables you to
select, control, and monitor examination procedures.
F.1
You are able to observe the patient through the window in the
control room during the examination. Use the intercom system
on the intercom console to listen or give instructions to the
patient.
F.1
Subsequent chapters take you through an MR examination step

by step. You will find detailed descriptions on how to perform
special scans, organize and manage scan programs, and monitor thresholds relevant to the health of the patient.
F.1
The following pages provide an overview of the Exam task

card, the scanning procedure, as well as important terms.
F.1
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F.11
Examination
Layout of the Exam task card
F.1
The Exam task card is displayed in foreground as soon as you

register a patient for an examination.
F.1
(1)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(6)
(7)
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Operator Manual
Examination
This task card includes the following elements and areas:
F.1
(1) Menu bar

(2) Image area
The reference images used to position graphic scan
objects (slices, slabs) are displayed.
(3) Info line
Information regarding the current patient and the open protocol is displayed.
(4) Program control
After loading, the program control contains a list of the protocols to be processed (job list). It also includes buttons for
controlling the program sequence.
(5) Parameter cards
The Program parameter card is used to select a scan
program or protocol. You may use the other cards to adapt
the parameters for the current examination.
(6) Tool bar
The buttons on the tool bar are used to open dialog boxes
for editing and controlling the measurement.
(7) Status bar
The status bar displays system error and status messages.
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Examination
Procedure for routine scanning

Selecting and transferring
a program
(Chapter F.2)
F.1
Select a scan program or protocol on the Program parameter

card and transfer it to the program control.
F.1
Acquiring reference images

(Chapter F.3)
Scanning reference images is the first program step, and usually starts automatically. The acquired reference images are
displayed in the image area.
F.1
Preparing a protocol
(Chapter F.4, F.5)
As the next step you prepare the next protocol in the program
control. You graphically position the slices or slabs to be
acquired on the reference images. Use the parameter cards to
check or change the measurement parameters of the protocol.
F.1
Start the protocol.

Running a protocol
(Chapter F.6)
F.1
During the scan you may prepare the next protocol, e.g., by
positioning the slices and adjusting the measurement parameters. Alternatively, you may view the images acquired by the
previous protocol.
F.1
Save and send images

(Chapter F.3)
You may save, export or transfer images to other task cards

from the Exam task card.
F.1
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Operator Manual
Examination
You are able to interrupt a protocol in progress, repeat scans,

change the sequence of the program steps, and insert pauses
(e.g. for contrast agent administration).
F.1
Use the Inline Display or movie display to check the acquired

images.
F.1
For physiologically triggered scans, you may use the Physiological Display dialog box to monitor the physiological signals
and parameters.
F.1
During scanning, the system automatically monitors the SAR
and dB/dt load on the patient (RF exposure and time-varying
magnetic fields).
F.1
Use the Exam Explorer to organize examinations, scan programs, and protocols.
F.1
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Important terms
Examination
F.1
It is very important to be familiar with the following terms associated with the examination procedure.
F.1
Sequence
F.1
A Sequence is the chronological sequence of RF pulses and

gradient pulses for excitation of the volume to be scanned, for
signal generation, and for position encoding. Each sequence
requires a repeat time TR optimized for contrast.
F.1
Your MR system is equipped with a large number of sequences,
allowing you to use different MR imaging techniques.
F.1
Scan protocol
F.1
A Scan protocol (Protocol) is a sequence containing a full set

of optimized parameters.
F.1
Scan pause
F.1
Scan pauses (Pauses) are planned interruptions in an examination procedure, e.g. for contrast agent administration.
F.1
Program instructions
F.1
Scan protocols and scan pauses are known collectively as Program instructions.
F.1
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Operator Manual
Examination
Scan program
F.1
A Scan program (Program) contains a list of program instructions suitable for clarifying diagnostic problems in a specific
region of the body.
F.1
For greater clarity, the numerous scan programs are assigned
to specific examinations and regions.
F.1
Examination
F.1
An Examination contains all scan programs for an anatomical

region that are required to obtain diagnostically useful information.
F.1
Examination region
F.1
Examinations for a specific region of the body are grouped

together in an Examination region (Region).
F.1
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Examination
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
F.2
Loading the Scan

Program
F.2
After the preparations in the examination room, check the information you entered for the examination and region during
patient registration.
F.2
Select the scan program required for your examination and load
it into the program control.
Page F.14, Procedure for routine scanning
F.2
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F.21
Examination
Checking the region and

examination
F.2
When you select the Exam task card, the Programs parameter
card is in the foreground. The region and examination selected
during patient registration are entered here.
F.2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Region
Available examinations for the selected region
Selected scan program
List of all available scan programs for the selected examination
(5) Program instructions for the selected scan program
(6) Sum of scan times of the individual protocols in the
selected scan program
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Operator Manual
Examination
Changing the region
F.2
Select a different examination region from the Region selection list, if required.
The Region properties dialog box allows you to view the
properties of the selected region (e.g. the short description or
assignment to a body region). Select Properties from the
context menu.
Changing the
examination
F.2
An examination limits the region to be examined to a specific

organ or part of the body.
F.2
As soon as you select an examination region, the Exams selection list contains the examinations available for this region. F.2
Select a different examination, if necessary.

The properties of the selected examination (e.g. the short
description) may be viewed in the Tree object properties
dialog box. Select Properties from the context menu.
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F.23
Examination
Selecting a scan program
F.2
After you have selected an examination, Programs will display

the scan programs that are available for this examination.
F.2
The first scan program is preselected in this list. The content of
this scan program (i.e. the sequence of program instructions
(scan protocols and scan pauses)) is displayed in the righthand window of the parameter card.
F.2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1) Overview measurement Localizer

(2) Scan protocol
(3) Scan pause (in this case, for contrast agent administration)
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Examination
Selecting a scan program on the Program

parameter card
F.2
If the preset scan program is not suitable for your diagnostic

requirements, you may select one of the other scan programs
offered on the Programs parameter card.
F.2
Select the scan program you want to use for your examination by clicking on it in the list.
The right-hand window of the parameter card shows the program instructions of the newly selected scan program.
F.2
The Tree object properties dialog box provides further information about the selected scan program (short description,
time of last change, etc.). Select Properties from the context
menu.
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Examination
Selecting a scan program in the Exam

Explorer
F.2
Switch to the Exam Explorer if you are unable to find a particular examination or scan program on the Programs parameter
card. All examinations and scan programs are clearly listed
there, and you can also access the Siemens tree, if necessary.
Page F.161, Managing scan programs
F.2
Select Explorer from the context menu.
The Exam Explorer dialog box is displayed. You may now
search for the appropriate scan program in the Exam Explorer
and then transfer it to the program control.
Page F.1612, Finding a scan program
Page F.1666, Transferring a scan program to the program
control
F.2
You may close the Exam Explorer when you are finished using
it.
F.2
To do this, select Object > Close in the Exam Explorer.
F.2
N OT E
Make sure that no program instruction is selected on the
Programs parameter card. Otherwise the context menu will
not contain the Explorer item.
F.2
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Operator Manual
Examination

program control
F.2
Before scanning you have to transfer a scan program from the

Programs parameter card (or from the Exam Explorer, see
Page F.26) to the program control.
F.2
Transferring a routine scan program
F.2
In routine scans you will usually transfer a complete scan program.

F.2
Select the scan program.

Page F.24, Selecting a scan program
F.2
Click the << button on the Programs parameter card.

Or
F.2
Select Queue > Append from the main menu.

Or
F.2
Select Append from the context menu.
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Examination
Or
F.2
Click the required program and drag & drop it in the program
control.
The steps of the selected scan program will be transferred to

the program control. This program will start automatically if it
contains a Localizer with no additional start instructions.
F.2
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Operator Manual
Examination
The program control displays a sequence of program instructions with their expected scan time and the processing status of
the protocols.
Page F.61, Performing a routine examination
F.2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
"Localizer" (overview measurement)

Scan protocol
Icons identifying the start options of a protocol
Scan pause (in this case, for contrast agent administration)
Scan time of a protocol
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Examination
Transferring individual program instructions
F.2
You may also transfer individual protocols from one or more

scan programs. This allows you to adapt the sequence of the
current examination to your individual diagnostic problem.
F.2
Select the scan program that you want to transfer.

You may also select more than one program instruction in one
step.
Or
F.2

Or
F.2

Or
F.2
Drag & drop your selection in the program control.

The selected program instructions are transferred to the proF.2
gram control.
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Viewing protocol
parameters
F.2
If you are not sure which scan protocol to transfer, you may view
the measurement parameter settings first.
F.2
Select a protocol from the Programs parameter card.
Select Edit > View Protocol from the main menu.
Or
F.2
Select View protocol from the context menu.

Or
F.2
Double-click the protocol entry.

The Protocol view dialog box opens.
F.2
In the Protocol view, you may view (but not change) the measurement parameters of the protocol on the parameter cards.
Protocol or pause
properties
F.2
The Protocol step properties dialog box provides information

about the start options of a protocol, about copy references,
and about automatic forwarding of images. The Pause step
properties dialog box provides information about a scan pause
(e.g. for administering a contrast agent).
F.2
Select a protocol or pause from the Programs parameter
card.
Select Properties from the context menu.
Either the Protocol step properties or the Pause step properties dialog box will be displayed.
F.2
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Adding further program instructions or scan

programs
F.2
The program control includes a list of the transferred program

instructions. You may add additional program instructions or
scan programs to this list.
F.2
Select additional program instructions or another scan program from the Programs parameter card (or in the Exam
Explorer, see Page F.26).
Or
F.2

Or
F.2

Or
F.2
Drag & drop your selection into the program control.

The new scan program or the new program instruction are
F.2
appended to the existing program instructions.
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CHAPTER
F.3
Measuring, Editing, and

Managing Ref. Images
F.3
Most measurement programs will prompt you to perform a

localizer measurement first. The reference images generated
using the localizer are used to position slices or define the field
of view (FOV) for subsequent scans.
F.3
Instead of the localizer images, you may also use other patient
images acquired during the current exam as reference
images.
F.3
You may view reference images in the image segments,
improve image display, and select the images best suited for
slice positioning.
F.3
The image segments of the Exam task card may be used for
other purposes besides graphic slice positioning. For example,
they allow you to view, evaluate, and edit the acquired images.
You can export images directly from the Exam task card to
other task cards for postprocessing, export images, or save
them in the Patient Browser.
F.3
F.3
N OT E
To perform the examination, you need to have full access
rights.
F.3
Please refer to the information in
Part B, Security Package
F.3
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Measuring reference images
F.3
The localizer starts automatically as the first program instruction after you load a scan program into the program control. F.3
While scanning is in progress, the localizer protocol has a white
background in the program control.
F.3
The status bar successively displays the processes in

progress:
F.3
Adjustment (coil)...
Adjustment of the system to the parameters and coils
according to the program instruction.
Preparing...
Measuring...
Scan in progress. The remaining scan time of the protocol is
displayed in countdown mode.
The series icon is displayed as soon as scanning and image
calculation have been completed.
F.3
Or
These series symbols indicated that the images of one or

several series are not fully available.
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These reference images are displayed in the image area of the

Exam task card once the localizer measurement and image
calculation have been completed.
F.3
The reference images show the organ or part of the body to be

examined, usually in the three main orientations (sagittal, transverse, and coronal).
F.3
The next program instruction (e.g. t1_se_sag) is normally
incomplete and is opened for graphic slice positioning.
F.3
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Examination
Using reconstructed images as

reference images
F.3
If you have already performed scans and reconstructed series

as part of your examination, you may use images from these
series for graphic slice positioning as well.
F.3
Requirements
F.3
These images have to meet the following criteria:
F.3
The images are part of the current examination of the current

patient.
The images are part of the same series block.
Page F.339, Series block
The series were measured using the same table position.
The images have NOT been filtered (remapped) using the
FOV compensation filter.
Page P.168, Filter Routine, Resolution Common
The following images cannot be loaded into the image segments:
F.3
Mosaic images
Secondary capture images
e.g. alpha images of the BOLD evaluation
Page L.41, Alpha image
Curved cuts of the 3D evaluation
Page H.47, Generating curved slices
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Examination
Loading images into the image area
F.3
You can use either the program control or the Patient Browser
to load images and series into the image area of the Exam task
card.
F.3
Loading a series from

the program control
F.3
You can also load images or series from the program control,
even though the underlying protocol has not been fully processed at this point in time.
Page F.67, Symbols of series in program instructions
Select a protocol in the program control that has been processed either in part or in full.
Select Queue > Load Series from the main menu.
Or
F.3
Select Load series from the context menu.

Or
F.3
Double-click the series icon.

Page F.67, Symbols of series in program instructions
Or
F.3
Drag & drop the series into the image area.

The series is loaded into the image area of the Exam task
card.
F.3
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Examination
If the protocol generates several result series, a dialog box

allows you to select the series to be transferred.
F.3
(1)
(2)
(1) Dialog window with full series description.

Series are fully computed.
(2) Dialog window without serial number.
Computation of series is not yet completed when opening
the selection window. Immediately after completion of
reconstruction, the serial numbers are shown when the
selection window is opened again.
Click the series so that you can load its images.
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Load from the Patient

Browser as follows
F.3
You can use the Patient Browser to load images for graphic
slice positioning. Images already loaded into the image area will
be ignored during this process.
F.3
Open the Patient Browser.
Select the images or series in the Patient Browser.
Drag & drop the images or series into one of the image segments.
Or (if only one image or series has been selected)
F.3
Double-click the selected image or series.

Images with different
table positions
F.3
Each time you load series or images with a different table position, the currently loaded images are cleared from the image
area.
Page F.338, Table position and reference images
F.3
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Examination
Display of loaded reference images
F.3
You can choose between different layouts to display the loaded

images.
F.3
Three-segment layout
F.3
Select a three-segment layout if you want to display three reference images side by side.
F.3
Select View > 3 Segments from the main menu.
Two-segment layout
F.3
Select a two-segment layout if you want to display two reference

images side by side. The reference images are displayed larger
than in the three-segment layout.
F.3
Select View > 2 Segments from the main menu.
e.g. Tra
e.g. Sag
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Maestro layout
(optional)
F.3
Select the Maestro layout for improved management and evaluation of cardiac series. The acquired series are displayed in
stamp segments below the three image segments.
Page F.172, Maestro layout
F.3
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Distributing images
across segments
The following rules apply:

F.3
Examination
F.3
If the image area is empty, the loaded images will be distributed across the image area so that every segment displays
at least one image.
If only one series has been loaded into the empty image
area, the images of this series will be distributed across the
available segments (2 or 3).
If multiple series have been loaded, one image representing
a series will be displayed in each segment.
If all the image segments are filled, the remaining series will
be loaded in the background. You can bring these series to
foreground by scrolling with Series-/Series+.
Page F.318, Scrolling within image segments
Representative image
F.3
The image in the center of the anatomy is used as the representative image for a series with different slice positions.
F.3
If all images in a series use the same slice position, the first
image of the current sequence is used as the representative
image.
Page F.313, Defining the scroll order
F.3
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Examination
Example 1
F.3
All three image segments are empty. A localizer with one sagittal, two coronal, and three transverse overview images has just
been completed.
F.3
The images are distributed across the image segments as follows:
F.3
The series is duplicated twice and displayed in all three segments. The left segment shows the sagittal image, the center
segment shows the first coronal image, and the right segment
shows the first transverse image.
F.3
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Example 2
F.3
Examination
All three image segments are empty. Two series of the current
series block are dragged & dropped from the Patient Browser
to the center segment.
F.3
The images are distributed across the image segments as follows:
F.3
The first series is loaded into the target segment (center segment), the second series is loaded into the right segment. The
second series is duplicated and displayed in the left segment.
The system automatically searches for another suitable image
in the second series to be used as the representative image for
the first segment.
F.3
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Defining the scroll order
F.3
There is a difference between scrolling within a series and

scrolling between series.
F.3
If multiple series are loaded into an image segment, you can
scroll between series. The order of the series is defined by the
series number. This number depends on the date and time of
reconstruction. The order of the series cannot be modified. F.3
However, you can define the order of the images within a series.
You can select from various default sort options in the menu.
You can also define your own sort schemes for the order of
images.
F.3
The sort scheme also determines the order of the images during movie display.
Page F.1713, Movie display
F.3
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Sort criteria
F.3
Examination
The following sort criteria are available:
F.3
F.3
Abbreviation
Example
MO
Sorting according to the main orientation sag - cor - tra
SP
Sorting according to the main orientation tra - cor - sag

Sorting by association with a 3D group and by the SliceShift value
TT
Sorting according to trigger time
TA
Sorting according to acquisition time
TE
Sorting according to echo time
TD
Sorting according to time after delay (perfusion or diffusion time)
BV
Sorting according to b-value
NR
Sorting according to image numbers
--
Sorting according to load order

This criterion does not allow any sub-criteria.
F.3
Defining your own sort

scheme
F.3
You can define up to three levels for sorting images within a

series. You define a sort criterion for each of the three levels. F.3
Select Scroll > Display Order > User Defined.
The Image Display Order dialog box opens.
F.3
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Select the sort criterion for the first sort level from the Image
sorted by selection list.
Select the sort criterion for the second sort level from the
then by selection list.
Select the sort criterion for the third sort level from the then
by selection list.
The sort criterion of the second level is used if the sort criterion
values of the first level are identical.
F.3
The sort criterion of the third level is used if the sort criterion values of the first and second levels are identical.
F.3
Select a different sort criterion for each sorting level. Exception: If you select the Load Order criterion for the first level,
the then by fields will be grayed out. You cannot define additional sort criteria.
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Examination
You can cancel the definition of the sort scheme and close the
dialog box.
F.3
Click Cancel.
The previous setting is still applied to the order of the images
within the series.
F.3
You can apply the new sort scheme and close the dialog box.F.3
Click OK.
Using a Siemens sort

scheme
F.3
You may select from five different Siemens sort schemes for the
order of images within a series.
F.3
F.3
Name
Sort scheme
Application
Anatomical
SPTTTANR
Standard sort scheme

Localizer, anatomical examinations,
multi-slice/multi-phase scans (grouped according to phases),
multi-slice realtime scans
Triggered
MOTTTDSP
Multi-slice/single-phase scans or multi-slice/multi-phase scans

(if a slice package is viewed anatomically at defined trigger
times)
Perfusion and diffusion multi-slice scans
Chronological
MOTASPNR
Sorting by time of acquisition (TA), images with the same TA are

sorted by SP, images with the same TA and SP are sorted by NR.
as Numbered
NRSP
Sorting according to image numbers (NR)

Images with the same NR are sorted by SP.
as Loaded
Sorting by load order
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Select a sort scheme from the menu under Scroll > Display
Order > .......
F.3
The Anatomical sort scheme is selected by default. This is

the optimal scheme for most applications.
The sort scheme selected is applied until you select another
scheme.
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Scrolling within image segments
Examination
F.3
After loading images into the image area, you can scroll the
images within an image segment. This helps you select the
images most suitable for slice positioning.
F.3
Setting the input focus
F.3
The Input Focus indicates the active segment of the image

area. It is highlighted by a dashed blue border. Actions triggered
via the keyboard (e.g., scrolling using the Image+/Image- keys)
are always performed in the active segment.
F.3
Input focus
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You can shift the input focus to another image segment by

pressing the Left or Right cursor keys or by clicking inside the
other segment.
F.3
Keyboard focus
F.3
The keyboard focus has to be on the image area if you want to

use the keyboard for scrolling.
Page A.29, Setting the keyboard focus
F.3
Keep pressing the Tab key until a thin white border appears
around the image area, or click inside the segment you want
to scroll.
Scrolling between
images
F.3
There are different ways of scrolling between images within a

series.
F.3
Select Scroll > Image Next or Image Previous.
Or
F.3
Press the Image+ or Image- keys on the symbol keypad of

the keyboard.
Or
F.3
Scroll the image stack using the dog ears.
When you reach the last image of the series, Image+ scrolls
to the first image of the series. Image- scrolls to the first
image to the last image of the series.
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Parallel scrolling
F.3
Examination
To compare images of two or three series, scroll in parallel

through images in these series.
F.3
Explicitly select the image segments you want to scroll in
parallel.
Page F.322, Explicit selection
Use the symbol keys or the menu commands to scroll
between images.
It is also possible to scroll in parallel using the dog ears.
If the series do not contain the same number of images, parallel-scrolling stops at the end of the shorter series. Scrolling continues up to the end of the longer series. If you continue scrolling, parallel-scrolling will start over with the first image of the
series.
F.3
During parallel-scrolling, system performance depends on

the number of images and series and may be affected by processes running in background.
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Scrolling to the next/

previous series
There are various ways of scrolling between series.

F.3
F.3
Select Scroll > Series Next or Series Previous from the

main menu when starting applications and functions.
Or
F.3
Press the Series+ or Series- keys on the symbol keypad of

the keyboard.
When you reach the last series of an examination, Series+
scrolls to the first series of the examination (accordingly,
Series- scrolls from the first series to the last series of the
examination).
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Examination
Editing reference images
F.3
You can edit reference images as follows:
F.3
Set brightness and contrast

Zoom and reduce images and pan image content
Fit to segment size
Flip and rotate
Display pixel coordinates, measure distances and angles
Showing/hiding image text
Selecting images explicitly and implicitly
F.3
You select images explicitly or implicitly before editing them

using the various functions.
Page G.332, Selecting images
F.3
Explicit selection
F.3
Objects selected explicitly can be identified by their solid blue

border.
F.3
Press and hold the Ctrl key while left-clicking an image.
The image is selected explicitly.
F.3
You can select multiple images explicitly.
F.3
Press and hold the Ctrl key while clicking multiple images.
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You can also select a range explicitly.
F.3
Press and hold the Ctrl key while clicking the first image
within the range. Press and hold the Shift key as well. Click
the last image within the range.
You can select multiple series explicitly.
F.3
Start by selecting one image per series explicitly.

Select Edit > Select Series from the main menu or Select
Series from the context menu.
You can cancel an explicit selection by left-clicking inside a
segment. The segment is now selected implicitly.
Implicit selection
F.3
Objects selected implicitly can be identified by their dashed

blue border (input focus).
F.3
The segment selected implicitly receives the function call from
the menu.
F.3
If you open a context menu within a segment, the segment is
automatically selected implicitly. This does not apply if the segment is part of a multiple selection.
F.3
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Examination
Changing window values
F.3
Windowing changes the grayscale values, the brightness, and

the contrast of the reference images.
F.3
Windowing using the

mouse
F.3
Position the mouse pointer in the segment you want to window.

Press and hold the center mouse button while dragging the
mouse.
Center +
Width(contrast)
Width+
Center (brightness)
Release the mouse button once the window values are set to
your requirements.
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Or
F.3
Window by using these symbol keys on the symbol keypad

of your keyboard.
These symbol keys are mainly for fine adjustment. You may
use the mouse for fast windowing.
F.3
Applying window values

to the series
F.3
You can automatically apply the new window values of an

image to all images in the respective series using the menu. F.3
Activate the Windowing On Series option under Image
Tools.
This setting remains active even after the system is rebooted.
F.3
Auto windowing
F.3
This function allows you to set the contrast and brightness of

the reference images automatically.
F.3
Double-click an image segment with the center mouse button.
Or
F.3
Select Image Tools > Auto Windowing from the main

menu.
Or
F.3
Press this key on the symbol keypad.
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Examination
Enlarging, reducing, and panning reference

images
F.3
You may want to reduce images for a better overview. You may
want to enlarge images for a better view of details. After enlarging images, it is often helpful to pan them to move the relevant
structure into the center of the screen.
F.3
Zooming with the mouse
F.3
You can enlarge, reduce or pan images using the mouse. This
requires you to switch the functionality of the left mouse button
from "Select" to "Enlarge/Reduce/Pan".
F.3
Select Image Tools > Zoom/Pan.

Or
F.3
Select Zoom/Pan from the context menu.

Or
F.3

Page F.44, Position toolbar
Position the mouse pointer in the outer area of the image.
F.3
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To enlarge the image, press and hold the left mouse button
and drag the mouse pointer upward.
To reduce the image, press and hold the left mouse button
and drag the mouse pointer downward.
Panning with the mouse
F.3
Next, you can use to the mouse to pan the enlarged or reduced
image section in the image segment.
F.3
Position the mouse pointer in the inner area of the image.
F.3
To pan the image contents, press and hold the left mouse
button and drag the mouse upward, downward, to the right,
or to the left.
Zooming
Moving
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Applying zooming/panning
to the series
F.3
Examination
You can change the menu settings so that the changes to the
visible image section are automatically applied to all images in
the series.
F.3
Activate the Zoom/Pan On Series option under Image
Tools.
This setting remains active even after the system is rebooted.
F.3
Fit image to segment
F.3
You can automatically enlarge/reduce an image for optimal fit of

the image contents within the segment.
F.3
Select an image.
Select Image Tools > Fit to Segment to enlarge/reduce an
image to fit the segment size.
Or
F.3
Double-click the image with the left mouse button.
Segment size
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Fit to segment height
F.3
Use the Fit to Segment Height function to fit the height of the
reference image precisely to the height of the segment.
F.3
Select an image.
Select Image Tools > Fit to Segment Height.
Fit to
segment height
In the two-segment layout, the Fit to Segment and Fit to

Segment Height functions have the same effect.
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Examination
Flipping and rotating images
F.3
You can flip images in the image segments horizontally and vertically and rotate them clockwise by 90.
F.3
These functions are mainly used for improved viewing of breast
biopsy images.
Page F.181, Breast Biopsy
F.3
Flipping images
horizontally and
vertically
Horizontal flipping swaps the top and bottom of the image. The
axis of rotation is horizontal.
F.3
F.3
Vertical flipping swaps the left and right side of the image. The
axis of rotation is vertical.
F.3
Place the input focus on the image you want to flip.

To flip multiple images, select the images explicitly.
Select Image Tools > Flip Horizontally.
Or
F.3
Select Image Tools > Flip Vertically.
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Flipping horizontally
Flipping vertically
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Rotating images
about 90
Examination
You are able to rotate images clockwise about 90.

F.3
F.3
Place the input focus on the image you want to rotate.

To rotate multiple images, select the images explicitly.
Select Image Tools > Rotate 90.
Rotating about 90
degrees
F.3
By default, image text is displayed in the image segments.

When you edit images (e.g. windowing) the image text is frequently hidden for the time being.
F.3
You can manually disable image text if necessary.
F.3
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Select View > Image Text ON from the main menu.

Or
F.3

Page F.44, Position toolbar
(1)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Patient data (name, series image number, date)

Compression, trigger time, and protocol name
Phase-encoding direction and scale
Image data (FOV, slice orientation, table position, slice
position)
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Examination
Pixel coordinates, distances, and angles
F.3
You can display the position of the mouse pointer within the
image as coordinates in the patient coordinate system.
F.3
Select Image Tools > Modify Graphics.
The functionality of the mouse is switched from Zoom/Pan to
F.3
Modify Graphics.
Position the mouse pointer on the region of interest in the
image.
Press and hold the left mouse button.
The coordinates in the patient coordinate system are displayed
without sign.
F.3
The coordinates of the table position are shown in the second
line if the image was not acquired using the original table position of the series block, but after a relative table movement. F.3
Press and hold the left mouse button while moving the
mouse pointer.
The new coordinates for the image position are displayed.
F.3
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Measuring the distance

between two points
F.3
In Modify Graphics mode, you can measure the relative distance between two image positions.
F.3

Press and hold the left mouse button.
Select the first position for the distance measurement while
keeping the mouse button pressed.
Press the Shift key and drag the mouse.
This starts the distance measurement. You can release the
Shift key as soon as the distance line is displayed.
F.3
Drag the mouse pointer to the second position in the image.
The distance to the first point is displayed below the coordiF.3
nates.
The coordinates and the distance disappear when you release
the mouse button.
F.3
The Viewing task card also allows you to measure distances
and save or film the distance line with the measured distance.
Page G.518, Drawing a distance line, measuring the distance
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Measuring angles
F.3
Examination
After the distance measurement, you can select a third image

position and determine the angle between the third, first, and
second point.
F.3
Measure the distance between two points.
Continue pressing the left mouse button and temporarily add
the Ctrl key while selecting a third image position.
The first and third points will be connected. The angle is displayed below the coordinates and the distance.
F.3
The coordinates, distance, and angle disappear when you
release the mouse button.
F.3
The Viewing task card also allows you to measure distances

and save or film the distance line with the measured distance.
Page G.527, Measuring an angle
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Examination
Removing images from the image area
F.3
You can clear the images from all segments if you no longer
need the reference images loaded in the image area.
F.3
Select Edit > Clear All Segments.

The images are removed. The image area is empty.
F.3
It is also possible to remove all images of one or more selected

series from the image area.
F.3
Select the series explicitly.
Select Edit > Clear Document(s).
Repeating scans (Phoenix)
F.3
You can view and evaluate the measured images in the image
segments.
F.3
You can repeat the complete scan of a protocol if, for example,
the result images for a breath-hold scan are of poor quality. F.3
Select the poor quality image.
Select Append To Queue from the context menu.
Or
F.3
Drag & drop the image into the job list.

A copy of the protocol is generated and converted into an executable program instruction.
F.3
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Examination
Table position and reference

images
F.3
In most cases, reference images are scanned with the patient

table in a certain position. This position is used for all protocols
of the scan program.
F.3
In some cases, the area of examination may be so large that
you have to move the patient table and run protocols at different
table positions.
F.3
It is important to know the relation between the table positions
of the reference images and the protocol parameters for positioning the scan region.
Page P.181, Position of the scan region
F.3
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Examination
Series block
F.3
You can view and evaluate several series acquired at various

table positions. In this case, they have to be grouped in a series
block.
F.3
A series block groups all series with positioning data based on
the same defined original table position. The series block
remains valid in case of automatic table movement.
F.3
A new series block begins when you:
F.3
register a new patient

Page E.21, Registering a New Patient
reset the table position to zero
Page F.636, Defining a new center position
move the tabletop to the home position
see System Manual
change the patient positioning
see System Manual
set a new mark with the light localizer
see System Manual
You can end a series block explicitly.
F.3
Select Patient > Close Patient.
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Scanning at a table position
Examination
F.3
At the beginning of an examination, you mark the center of the

examination region at the patient using the light localizer. Then
you move this marked position into the center of the magnet
(center position).
F.3
Setting the origin
F.3
The light localizer is used to define a zero point (original table

position) to which all subsequent scans will refer.
F.3
Localizer measurement
F.3
The image area is still empty. The localizer measurement is

started from the original table position. The reference images
are displayed in the image area after scanning and reconstruction are completed.
F.3
Transferring the table

position of the localizer
F.3
Open the next protocol and plan the slices to be scanned on the
reference images.
F.3
This protocol will be scanned at the same table position as the
reference images.
F.3
Protocol with undefined

table position
F.3
Protocols are scanned at the current table position if no reference images are displayed or you have cleared the reference
images from the image area at the time of scan preparation. F.3
This usually corresponds to the position of the light localizer
marking (original table position). In this case, the protocol does
not have a defined table position. The localizer is a typical protocol using an undefined table position.
F.3
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Examination
Scans with patient table movement
F.3
You can set the offset of the patient table using the table position of the reference images or the Position of the scan reg.
protocol parameter on the System Common parameter card.
F.3
Transferring the table

position of a normal
protocol
Instead of the localizer images, you load a different series

already measured into the image area.
F.3
F.3
Open the next protocol and plan the slices to be scanned on

these images. The next protocol is run at the same table position as the images loaded in the image area.
F.3
The patient table will automatically move to this table position if
it is different from the original table position.
F.3
F.3
NOTE
The table position of the reference images overwrites the
table position parameters of the open protocol.
F.3
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Defining the table position

using protocol parameters F.3
Examination
The image area is empty, e.g., because you have cleared the
reference images from the segments. A protocol is opened. F.3
Enter a patient table offset on the System Miscellaneous
parameter card.
Page P.181, Position of the scan region
The protocol now has a defined table position. As soon as you
start running a protocol, the patient table will move to the new
position.
F.3
F.3
N OT E
If protocols have been scanned at various table positions
within a series block, only one automatic adjustment will be
performed for each table position.
F.3
The adjustment results are stored and reused if additional
scans are performed at the known table position.
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Examination
Scan program with multiple localizers
F.3
In some angiography examinations, the examination are is so

large that multiple localizers have to be acquired at different
positions. The subsequent protocols are run using the different
table positions of the localizers.
F.3
Example: Scan program

with two localizers and two
angio protocols
F.3
After transferring the scan program from the Program parameter card to the program control, the first localizer is scanned
automatically at the original table position.
F.3
Once the first localizer is completed, the corresponding reference images are displayed in the image area. The patient table
will automatically move to the preset table position of the second localizer.
F.3
The second localizer starts automatically at this position. After
scanning, the series icon will indicate that reference images
have been reconstructed for this localizer as well.
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Examination
However, they will not be loaded into the image area.
F.3
The images of the first localizer are still displayed in the image
area.
F.3
Position the slices for the first angio protocol on these localizer images.
Start scanning the first angio protocol.
The patient table will move back to the position of the first localizer (original table position). The first angio protocol will be
scanned at this position.
F.3
Load the reference images of the second localizer into the
image area while the first angio protocol is running.
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Examination
Open the second angio protocol and plan this protocol on the
images of the second localizer.
Start the second angio protocol.
The patient table will move to the second table position. The
second angio protocol will be scanned at the second table position.
F.3
Scanning will finish after all images have been reconstructed.F.3
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Examination
Saving, exporting, and transferring

images
F.3
You may save, export or transfer images to other task cards

F.3
The image segments on the Exam task card may contain normal acquisition images or GSP images (reference images with
drawn-in graphic objects).
F.3
F.3
NOTE
When a user logs off, unsaved data are irretrievably
lost.
F.3
Always check for unsaved data and save any data you want
to keep before logging off.
F.3
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Rules for saving,

exporting, and filming
The following rules apply to GSP images:

F.3
F.3
GSP graphics (slices, blocks, saturation regions, navigators)

are stored with the GSP images.
GSP graphics are saved in the non-selected version (without
handles), with shadow lines and monochromatic.
Distance lines, angles, etc. are not saved.
GSP graphics on GSP images can no longer be edited on
the Viewing task card.
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Examination
Saving images and GSP images
F.3
The Exam task card allows you to group a number of series and
save them in one new series. These series must be part of the
same series block and acquired at the same table position.
F.3
Select the series or images explicitly.

Select Patient > Save As.
The Save As dialog box is displayed.
F.3
A name for the new series is suggested. You can modify the
suggested name.
F.3
Select the Save images in new series option.
Modify the new series name if necessary.
Click OK.
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Appending images to
an existing series
You can append individual GSP images to an existing series. F.3

F.3
Select the GSP images explicitly.

Select Patient > Save As.
F.3
Select the Append images to series option.
In the list, select the series to which the GSP images should
be appended.
Click OK.
The new images of the series have image numbers 5000 and
up. This usually allows you to distinguish between old and
new images within the series.
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Appending an image
to a reference series
F.3
Examination
You can append the GSP image with the input focus to the existing reference series in one step.
F.3
Make sure the input focus is on the correct segment.
Select Patient > Copy Selection.
The selected GSP image will be appended to the existing reference series.
F.3
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Transferring images to other task cards
F.3
You can directly transfer images and series from the Exam task
card to another opened task card for postprocessing.
F.3
This helps you save time, for example, when loading images
into a postprocessing application.
F.3
Make sure that the tab of the respective task card is visible.
Explicitly select the images or series on the Exam task card.
Drag & drop your selection onto the tab.
The selected images will be transferred to the task card. The
Exam task card will remain in the foreground.
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Examination
Filming, sending, and exporting images

Detailed information about filming is available in
Part O
F.3
F.3
Detailed information about data exchange via the network or

Windows XP is available in
Chapter J.3
F.3
Copying images to
the film sheet
F.3
You can copy images directly from the Exam task card to the
virtual film sheet when editing or evaluation has been completed.
F.3
Select the images or series explicitly.

Select Patient > Copy to Film Sheet.
Or
F.3
Press this key on the symbol keypad of your keyboard.

If you have not explicitly selected an image, the image from
the segment with the input focus is copied to the film sheet.
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Sending images
F.3
If your system is connected to a hospital computer network

(HIS/RIS), you can send images to other network addresses
directly from the Exam task card.
F.3

Select Transfer > Send to.
Or
F.3
Press the Send to Node 1 key on the symbol keypad.
Exporting images
F.3
You can save images on your hard disk as single files.
F.3

Select Transfer > Export to file system.
The Export to File System dialog box opens.
F.3
Enter the path C:\TEMP and click OK.
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Checking data transfer
F.3
Examination
You can check and control processing of export and network

jobs.
F.3
Select Transfer > Organize Local Jobs or Transfer > Organize Network Jobs.
Or
F.3
Press the Ctrl + L or Ctrl + N key combination.

Or
F.3
Click the corresponding icon on the status bar.

A dialog box for checking and controlling jobs is displayed.
Page J.63, Viewing and checking the transfer jobs
F.3
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CHAPTER
F.4
Positioning Slices
F.4
After you have scanned and loaded reference images and optimized their display according to your diagnostic question, you
are able to use them for defining the position, scope, and orientation of the region to be examined.
F.4
Depending on the protocol, the system will scan slices or slabs
for subsequent reconstruction.
F.4
You can plan saturation regions to avoid motion artifacts.
F.4
A number of special protocols - based on navigator sequences

- contain additional navigator objects.
F.4
These graphic objects are displayed in the reference images as
soon as you open a protocol.
F.4
The graphic objects of the protocol usually need to be adapted
to the anatomy of your patient. The mouse and the graphic slice
positioning tools allow you to perform tasks quickly and easily.F.4
If these positioning tools are not accurate enough, you may set
the parameters of the graphic objects on the Geometry parameter card.
Page F.577, Adjusting the orientation and position of
graphic objects
F.4
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Positioning Slices
Examination
Preparing for positioning
F.4
After completing the localizer, the next protocol automatically

opens, allowing you to position the slices to be scanned.
F.4
Opening a protocol
F.4
If you want to adjust the slices of a subsequent protocol, open

the protocol manually.
F.4
Double-click a protocol in the program control.
Or
F.4
Select a protocol in the program control.

Click the Open button or select Open from the context menu.
The program entry will be moved to the right in the job list. The
protocol opens and its parameters are displayed on the paramF.4
eter card.
Each program instruction in the part of the job list that has not
run yet can be opened for execution.
Page F.640, Opening the next protocol for editing
completed scan
current scan
opened protocol
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Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Various information about the open protocol is displayed below

the image area.
F.4
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Scan time
PAT Acceleration factor
Voxel size (rounded up to the next 1/10 mm)
Relative signal-to-noise ratio
Sequence type
If you keep the mouse pointer near the voxel size display, a
tool tip will be displayed stating the exact voxel size.
The graphic objects of the protocol (slices, slabs, navigators,
and saturation regions) are displayed in the reference images
in the image area.
F.4
Canceling slice
positioning
F.4
You can cancel processing of the opened protocol and restore

it to its original status.
F.4
Click the Cancel button on the program control.

All objects you have added or changed will be removed from the
reference images. The reference images are still displayed in
the image segments.
F.4
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Positioning Slices
Position toolbar
Examination
F.4
Use the Position Toolbar to graphically position the objects to

be scanned.
F.4
Click on the Position Toolbar button on the tool bar of the

Exam card.
Or
F.4
Go to the main menu and select View > Position Toolbar.

Or
F.4
Select Position Toolbar from the context menu.

The Position Toolbar is displayed:
F.4
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Examination
Positioning Slices
Graphic objects
F.4
Various graphic objects are displayed in the reference images,

depending on the sequence preset in the protocol.
F.4
Slice groups (for 2D scans)
Page F.46
3D/Slabs (for 3D scans)
Page F.48
Saturation regions (possible for both 2D and 3D scans)
Page F.410
Navigator objects (for Navigator sequences)
Page F.415
Spectroscopy volume element
(e.g. for SVS protocols)
Spectroscopy CSI slice
(e.g. for CSI protocols)
Protocols and objects of spectroscopy are explained in a separate manual.
see MR Spectroscopy Operator Manual
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Positioning Slices
Examination
Slices and slice groups
F.4
In 2D scanning, you use slice groups to define the extent, position, and orientation of the examination area to be scanned.
Slice groups are composed of individual slices used for subsequent reconstruction of one or more tomographic images.
F.4
Slices always belong to a slice group. During graphic slice positioning you have to select an entire slice group. You are not able
to select individual slices. The only exception is a slice group
that consists of one slice only.
F.4
All slices of a group are located in parallel, have the same slice
thickness, slice distance and field of view (FoV) as well as the
same phase-oversampling factor (for reducing artifacts).
F.4
Slice thickness
Slice distance
Phase FOV
Read FOV
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Operator Manual
Examination
Field of view (FOV)
Positioning Slices
F.4
The field of view of a slice group is defined by its length and

width. The length and width corresponds to the read-out and
phase-encoding directions in the magnetic field.
Page F.477, Changing the field of view (FOV) via the mouse
F.4
Slice thickness and slice

distance
F.4
The distance between the slices of a slice group is expressed

as a percentage of the slice thickness. In other words, as soon
as you change the slice thickness of a group, the absolute slice
distance changes as well.
F.4
100%
The slice distance is equal to the slice thickness.
0%
The slices are contiguous.
< 0%
The slices overlap.
-100%
The slices overlap fully
Factor > 0
Factor 0
Factor < 0
Factor -1
Page P.15, Dist. factor Routine, Geometry Common

Page F.473, Increasing the distance between slices/slabs
Page F.471, Increasing the number of slices/slabs
F.4
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Positioning Slices
Examination
Slabs and slab groups
F.4
For 3D scans, phase-encoding is applied to the spins in the

slice-selection direction. This allows you to measure entire volume ranges. In graphic slice positioning, these volume ranges
are defined as 3D slabs.
F.4
Slabs are made up of contiguous slices (that is, slices without
any overlap or distance between them). The thickness of a slab
is the product of the effective slice thickness and the number of
slices.
F.4
Effective slice thickness
Slab thickness
Read FOV
Phase FOV
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Operator Manual
Examination
Slab groups
Positioning Slices
F.4
Similar to slices, 3D slabs are combined into slab groups.
F.4
A slab group consists of several parallel 3D slabs that have the

same thickness and distance between them.
F.4
The slab distance is a percentage of the slab thickness:
F.4
> 0%
There is a distance between the slabs of a group.
0%
The slabs of the group are contiguous (without any distance
between them).
< 0%
The slabs of the group overlap.
Similar to a slice group, a 3D slab group may only be positioned
as a unit.
F.4
Page F.473, Increasing the distance between slices/slabs
Page F.472
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Positioning Slices
Examination
Saturation regions
F.4
A saturation region (sat for short) is a volume where the MR signal is suppressed by an RF saturation pulse.
F.4
Standard saturation
regions
F.4
You are able to freely-define the position, orientation, and slice

thickness for standard saturation regions. Several saturation
regions can be planned in a single protocol. Their orientation,
position, and thickness is freely-selectable. Standard saturation
regions are not associated with a slice or slab group.
F.4
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Operator Manual
Examination
Parallel saturation
regions
Positioning Slices
F.4
Parallel saturation regions may be positioned in pairs or individually (positive or negative sat). They are associated with and
parallel to a slice or slab group. The distance from the saturation region to the outermost slice is set via a protocol parameter.
Page P.119
F.4
If you translate, rotate, or change the particular slice or slab
group, the two saturation regions are adjusted accordingly. F.4
(1) Positive parallel sat

(2) Negative parallel sat
(3) Paired parallel saturation regions
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Positioning Slices
Examination
The names of the parallel saturation regions are derived from

the preferred direction (orientation) of the slice/slab groups and
may be selected accordingly in the Geometry parameter task
card.
Page F.529, Parameter card Geometry Saturator
F.4
F.4
Orientation of the slice group
Negative parallel sat
Positive parallel sat
Sagittal preferred
Parallel R (right)
Parallel L (left)
Coronal preferred
Parallel A (anterior)
Parallel P (posterior)
Parallel F (feet)
Parallel H (head)
Transverse preferred
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Tracking sat regions
Positioning Slices
F.4
You are able to plan tracking sat regions only for certain protocols. These protocols use sequences for sequential multi-slice
scans and scan one slice group or slab group only.
F.4
A tracking sat region is associated with and parallel to the slices
of a slice or slab group. It may be positioned on either side of
the slice or slab group.
F.4
The tracking sat region passes through the slice/slab group in
either the ascending or descending direction. To avoid shifting
the slice into a region that is already saturated, the sequential
direction is always away from the sat band. For example, for
transverse slices with the sat band above the slice, the excitation order (series) must be descending. Remember that DICOM
defines 'ascending' as moving from foot to head. The name of
the sat depends on the preferred direction of the slice/3D slab
group. Suitable sats may be selected from the list on the Geometry parameter task card.
F.4
F.4
Orientation of the slice group
Order of RF excitation
Sat name
Sagittal preferred
Ascending
Tracking R -> L
Sagittal preferred
Descending
Tracking L -> R
Coronal preferred
Ascending
Tracking A -> P
Coronal preferred
Descending
Tracking P -> A
Ascending
Tracking F -> H
Descending
Tracking H -> F
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Positioning Slices
Examination
During scanning, the saturation region tracks the most recently

scanned slice. The distance between the sat and this particular
slice is the same as at the beginning of the scan (distance to the
first slice of the slice or slab group).
F.4
With transverse images, an ascending saturation region is
located below and a descending saturation region is located
above the slice group.
F.4
(1) Tracking Sat F -> H

(2) Tracking H -> F
(3) Normal vector
The thickness and distance of a tracking saturation region
may be set on the Geometry parameter task card only.
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Examination
Positioning Slices
Navigator Objects
F.4
Navigator objects are used in special navigator sequences,

e.g., to record the movement of the diaphragm and uptake of
contrast media, and to trigger the signal that starts the scan. F.4
There are two types of navigator objects:
F.4
Navigator cuboid
finite cuboid volume
Navigator pen
infinitely long "pen"
Parameter of navigator
objects
F.4
Navigator pen
Navigator cuboid
(1) Basic vector 1 (normal direction)

(2) Basic vector 2 (phase-encoding direction)
(3) Extent in the readout direction (navigator direction)
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Positioning Slices
Examination
The base area of navigator objects is defined by the extent in

the direction of base vector 1 and base vector 2.
F.4
Unlike navigator cuboids, navigator pens have an infinite extent
in the navigator direction.
F.4
A two-dimensional excitation profile may be defined within the
base area. This excitation profile is defined by the sequence.
Depending on the application, it may have a rectangular, trapezoidal, or elliptical contour.
F.4
Navigator objects may be freely-positioned and oriented. It is
not possible to add new navigator objects with the mouse. They
may be added only on the Geometry/Navigator parameter
task card.
F.4
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Examination
Positioning Slices
Display of graphic objects in the reference

images
F.4
As soon as you have scanned or loaded reference images, the

graphic display shows the intersection or projection of your
planned slices or slabs together with the reference images. F.4
The display used for these objects shows you their position and
orientation with respect to the reference images.
F.4
Intersecting or
projection areas
If a graphic object intersects the reference image at an angle

30, the lines or areas of this intersection are displayed.
F.4
F.4
Example:
Sagittal slices in a transverse image.
F.4
When graphic objects intersect the reference images at a shallow angle (30),they are projected onto the reference image.
In this case, a projection area is displayed instead of intersecting lines.
F.4
In a graphic object located parallel to the reference image, the
projection area corresponds exactly to the dimensions of the
field of view (FoV).
F.4
Example:
Sagittal slices in a sagittal image.
F.4
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Positioning Slices
Examination
Upon request, Siemens Service will modify the default for the
limit angle (30). For CSI slices, the default for the limit angle
is 45.
If several graphic objects intersect the image at a shallow angle
and one of these objects is selected, only the projection area of
the selected object is displayed.
F.4
The projection area will not be displayed, if several graphic

objects intersect the image at a shallow angle and none of the
objects is selected.
F.4
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Angle of intersection
Reference
image
Perpendicular intersection
Positioning Slices
F.4
The display of intersection and projection lines in reference

images shows you whether a graphic object is located in perpendicular, single-oblique, or double-oblique orientation to the
reference image.
F.4
Reference
image
Single-oblique intersection
Reference
image
Double-oblique intersection
F.4
NOTE
Intersections shown as a continuous or dashed line provide
information only about the position of the intersection
with respect to the reference image.
F.4
The display does not provide information regarding the
position of the planned slice or slab to standard
anatomical views, since oblique or double-oblique
intersections may be used as reference images as well. F.4
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Positioning Slices
Single-oblique
intersection
Examination
F.4
With single oblique intersections, one side of the field of view

(FOV) is located in parallel with the intersecting line. The projection area shows a double border for this purpose. An arrow
indicates the phase-encoding direction of the currently projected intersection area.
F.4
Single-oblique slice group

intersecting the reference
image
Single-oblique slice group

that does not intersect the
reference image
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Examination
Double-oblique
intersections
Positioning Slices
F.4
With double oblique intersections, neither of the two sides of the

field of view (FOV) of the slice group is parallel with the common
line of intersection with the reference image. Accordingly, two
side areas are displayed on the projection area, providing a
spatial impression. The arrows indicate the phase-encoding
direction.
F.4
Shift slice group without

Phase oversampling
Shift slice group with

Phase oversampling
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F.421
Positioning Slices
Partial views with oblique

intersections
Examination
F.4
With oblique intersections, not all intersections of a slice or slab

group will be intersecting the reference image. Some slices may
be completely in front of or behind the reference image. As a
result, they are not drawn as a line of intersection.
F.4
The bar in the reference image shows you the number of slices
planned that do not intersect the reference image.
F.4
Oblique slice group in the

coronal reference image
Oblique slice group in the

transverse reference image
Box mode
Package mode
0.0
F.422
Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Partial view of an oblique slice group in the transverse reference image
If you have magnified a reference image and shifted the image

content in the image segment, you may not be able to see the
planned graphic object in the reference image.
F.4
Reduce the reference image to its original size again.
Or
F.4
Select the invisible slice/slab group on the Routine/

Geometry parameter card.
Select Fit to Image or Perpendicular from the Protocol
menu or the context menu to move the center of the slice
group to the plane of the reference image.
This function allows you to change the position of the slice/
slab group.
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F.423
Positioning Slices
Display in line or
box mode
Examination
F.4
The intersection of a slice through a reference image can be

displayed either as a line (line mode) or as a rectangle (box
mode).
F.4
Box mode
Line mode
Oblique and perpendicular intersection in the coronal reference

image
Oblique and perpendicular intersection in the transverse reference

image
0.0
F.424
Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
The box mode shows the actual intersection surface and therefore the anatomical region covered by the slice.
F.4
In line mode you are able to see the center line of an intersection area.
F.4
Click the appropriate button on the tool bar.

Or
F.4
Select View > Display > Line mode ON /Off from the menu.
Line mode is activated.
F.4
Select View > Graphics > Line mode ON / OFF again from
the menu.
The Box mode is activated.
F.4
Display in
Package mode
F.4
In package mode you are able to hide the individual lines of

intersection of the slice/slab groups. Only the outline of the
intersection area of the entire group and its thickness are visible.
F.4
Select package mode if your slice group contains a large number of individual slices to make your display clearer.
F.4
Select View > Display > Package mode ON/OFF or click
on-screen.
Package mode is activated. The dashed center lines show the
thickness of the individual slices or individual 3D slab.
F.4
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F.425
Positioning Slices
Examination
Box mode
Package mode
Slice or slab groups are automatically displayed in package

mode if the elements of the group overlap or are very close
together (depending on the zoom setting (factor) of the reference image).
0.0
F.426
Operator Manual
Examination
Display of saturation
regions
Positioning Slices
F.4
Saturation regions that intersect the reference image are displayed as cross-hatched bars.
F.4
Saturation regions that are perpendicular to the reference
image have a continuous border. Oblique saturation regions
have a dashed line border.
F.4
Oblique and perpendicular

saturation region in the
sagittal reference image
As you select a saturation region, the bar is highlighted. The

center (pivot) and the handles are displayed.
F.4
A saturation region running parallel to the reference image
completely covers the reference image with its cross-hatched
shading if the region includes the image plane of the reference
image.
F.4
It is not possible to project saturation regions onto reference
images.
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F.427
Positioning Slices
Display of navigator
objects
Examination
F.4
Non-selected navigator objects are displayed in turquoise in the

reference images.
F.4
Non-selected navigator pens are displayed in blue.
F.4
As soon as you select a navigator cuboid or navigator pen, it is

displayed in yellow and the handles appear.
F.4
The navigator objects are always shown with projection lines.

This gives you a spatial impression of the position and extent of
the navigator object.
F.4
If the navigator does not have a common intersection with

the reference image, the project lines will be shown as
dashed lines.
If the navigator does have a common intersection with the

reference image, the project lines will be shown as continuous lines. The intersection area, in this case, is shown as
dashed lines.
0.0
F.428
Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
The arrow next to the navigator object shows the direction of

base vector 2 and the navigation direction.
F.4
The arrow may be displayed in four different ways to distinguish
between four different situations.
F.4
(1) The arrow points in the direction of the base vector 2
(phase-encoding direction). The navigator orientation
passes into the image plane.
(2) The arrow points in the direction of the base vector 2
(phase-encoding direction). The navigator orientation runs
out of the image plane.
(3) The arrow with two lines points in the navigator direction.
The direction of base vector 2 is not displayed, since the
angle between the reference image and the direction of the
base vector 2 is between 45 and 90.
(4) Two arrows are visible. The arrow points in the direction of
the base vector 2 (phase-encoding direction). The arrow
with two lines points in the navigator direction.
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F.429
Positioning Slices
Examination
Graphic slice positioning (GSP)
F.4
You can translate or rotate the graphic objects in the reference

images (slices, slabs, saturation regions, navigators). You can
also delete this object, add new objects, or change the parameters of the objects.
F.4
To this end, you are using the Position Toolbar or the mouse.F.4
You may also use the parameter cards to manipulate graphic
objects as described. In this case, you adjust the parameters
numerically and work mainly in the Geometry parameter card.
Page F.524, Geometry Common parameter card (2D)
F.4
0.0
F.430
Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Displaying orientation aids
F.4
The buttons on the Position Toolbar and the menu commands

display additional orientation aids in the reference images. This
facilitates processing graphic objects.
F.4
Changing phase oversampling

Page F.432, Display of phase oversampling
F.4
Reference lines on/off

Page F.434, Reference image position lines
F.4
Coil positions on/off

Page F.434, Coil elements
F.4
Adjust volume on/off

Page F.437, Adjustment volume
F.4
Image text on/off

Page F.332, Showing/hiding image text
F.4
Hide/Show slice oversampling.

Page F.433, Display of slice oversampling
F.4
Show/hide projection display (menu)

Page F.436, Projection display
F.4
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F.431
Positioning Slices
Examination
Display of phase
oversampling
F.4
Phase oversampling is recommended to prevent aliasing artifacts. The field of view (FoV) is symmetrically expanded in the
phase-encoding direction on both sides of the initial FoV.
F.4
This addition to the FoV is not visible in the final images The
phase-oversampled area is displayed as dashed lines in the reference image.
F.4
Box mode
15%
100%
Phase-encoding direction
Package mode
15%
15%
100%
15%
The percentage given refers to the field of view (FOV) in the

phase-encoding direction. For example, 30% phase oversampling would increase the field of view (FOV) by 15% on both
sides. The scan time is also prolonged by 30%.
F.4
You may change the phase oversampling via the mouse.

Page F.480, Changing phase oversampling via the mouseF.4
0.0
F.432
Operator Manual
Examination
Display of slice
oversampling
Positioning Slices
F.4
Slice oversampling is suitable for 3D scans only. Slice oversampling defines an area of a slice protruding on both sides (of a 3D
slab). This additional area is excited during the scan.
F.4
Box mode: Slice oversampling
Box mode: Slice and phase oversampling
25 %
100 %
25 %
To improve the display of objects, deactivate the display of slice

oversampling.
F.4
Click this button.
Or
F.4
Select View > Graphics > Hide Slice Oversampling via

the main menu.
0.0
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F.433
Positioning Slices
Reference image position

lines
Examination
F.4
The position lines of the reference image make it easier for you
to orient the images in space and plan the slices correctly for
subsequent scans.
F.4
Click the button to activate display of the position lines.

Or
F.4
Select View > Reference Lines ON.

The menu item is now shown with a check mark.
Coil elements
F.4
F.4
The currently connected coils and individual coil elements may

be displayed for support during the examination. This facilitates
your selecting the correct coil elements for the region of the
body to be examined.
F.4
Only coils with a known table position may be displayed. These
are either coils with fixed table positions or coils whose position
was determined dynamically via application adjustment.
F.4
0.0
F.434
Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Open the protocol.

The coil elements that are connected and can be displayed are
shown.
F.4
Click this button.
Or
F.4
Select the View > Coil Positions On.

F.4
Coil elements are only displayed preferably on sagittal or

coronal reference images.
The coil elements are displayed symbolically as thin bars. The
length of the bar corresponds to the length (sensitive region) of
the coil element.
F.4
Coil elements selected for the examination are identified by
solid white bars. Coil elements not selected for the examination
are displayed as bars edged in red.
F.4
You can select and deselect coil elements both via the mouse
in the image segment or on the System parameter card.
Page F.535, Parameter card System-Coils
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F.435
Positioning Slices
Projection display
Examination
F.4
Normally, the projection display of slices/slabs is active only

when the angle between the graphic object and the reference
image is less than 30.
F.4
However, you may change this threshold.
F.4
Select View > Graphics > Projection On from the main

menu.
F.4
The objects are displayed as a projection on the reference

images.
F.4
0.0
F.436
Operator Manual
Examination
Adjustment volume
Positioning Slices
F.4
In some cases it may be useful to display the adjustment volume in the reference images.
F.4
Click the button to activate display of the adjustment volume.

Or
F.4
Select Adjust Volume On/Off.

The adjustment volume is marked green in the reference
images and allows for editing.
Page C.28, Editing the adjustment volume graphically
F.4
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F.437
Positioning Slices
Shadow lines
Examination
F.4
To improve the display of graphic objects (GSP Graphic Slice

Positioning objects) in light images, you can include shadow
lines in the intersection and projection areas.
F.4
Select View > Graphics > Shadow On.
The menu item is marked with a check mark.
F.4
Shadow On/Off
Whenever you save or copy reference images containing

graphic objects to a film sheet, the shadow lines will always
be included and displayed. It does not matter whether the
Shadow On option is activated or deactivated.
0.0
F.438
Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Selecting graphic objects
F.4
Before you can edit a graphic object in one of the reference

images you must first select it.
F.4
You can select objects in one of two ways:
F.4
Explicit selection
Implicit selection
("Implicit selection by direct manipulation")
Explicit selection
F.4
Select an object by clicking an intersection or projection line.

Or
F.4
Select an object from the Slice Group, Slab Group, or Navigator list on the Geometry or Routine parameter card.
The graphic object is now highlighted. The handles are displayed.
F.4
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syngo MR 2006T
F.439
Positioning Slices
Examination
(1)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1) Extent handles

(e.g. for changing slice thickness;
not for projection areas)
(2) FOV handles or phase oversampling handles
(enlarge scan range)
(3) Pivot handle
(move)
You can now explicitly deselect objects again:
F.4
Select Edit > Deselect All from the main menu.

Or
F.4
Select another graphic object.
0.0
F.440
Operator Manual
Examination
Implicit selection
Positioning Slices
F.4
Move the mouse cursor over one of the graphic objects.

The mouse cursor changes shape allowing you to move or
rotate the graphic object with the mouse.
F.4
You may now directly move or rotate the graphic via the
mouse without having to click it.
As soon as you edit a graphic object, it is implicitly selected. Its
settings are displayed on the parameter cards.
F.4
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syngo MR 2006T
F.441
Positioning Slices
Examination
Moving objects
F.4
Slice groups, slab groups, saturation regions, or navigator

objects planned in a protocol usually need to be moved to fit the
anatomy of the patient.
F.4
There are various ways of moving objects:
Moving via menu commands
Positioning to the millimeter on the Geometry parameter
card
Page F.579, Entering the slice position with millimeter
precision
F.4
0.0
F.442
Operator Manual
Examination
Moving via the mouse
Positioning Slices
F.4
Select a graphic object.

The pivot handle is displayed in the center of the object displayed.
F.4
Place the mouse cursor on the pivot handle, hold the left
mouse button down, and move the object to the required
position.
If the pivot handle of an object is no longer visible in the reference images:
F.4
Press the Shift key on your keyboard and hold the key down.
Place the mouse pointer on the intersection or position line
of a graphic object.
Move the region while holding the left mouse button down.
To move graphic objects in the projection display, click on the
contour line and move the object while keeping the mouse
button pressed.
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F.443
Positioning Slices
Examination
The display of the repositioned object is updated on all reference images.

F.4
Parallel tracking saturation regions may be moved only

together with slices or slabs assigned to them.
0.0
F.444
Operator Manual
Examination
Moving a slice group

by half a slice distance
Positioning Slices
F.4
You can move slice groups by half the distance between slices
in the positive or negative slice-selection direction.
F.4
This greatly simplifies the task of positioning a second scan to
fill the gaps between the slices of the first scan. This is particularly helpful when the number of slices in one scan does not suffice to provide for a contiguous anatomic coverage of a specific
volume (e.g., some breath-hold exams).
F.4
Select Protocol > Gap Filling + or Protocol > Gap Filling .

Or
F.4
Press the short cut Ctrl + 6 (Gap Filling +) or Strg + 5 (Gap

Filling -).
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.445
Positioning Slices
Moving the slice group

as a whole
Examination
F.4
Unlike with the Gap filling function, you are able to move a slice
group by the thickness of the entire group in one step. This function is especially suitable for multiple breath-hold scans.
F.4
Select Protocol > Stack + or Protocol > Stack .

Or
F.4
Press the short cut Ctrl + 4 (Stack +) or Ctrl + 3 (Stack -).
Stack+
If the slice group contains only one slice, it will be moved

across its slice thickness in or against the slice-selection
direction.
0.0
F.446
Operator Manual
Examination
Moving centers into the

reference image plane
Positioning Slices
F.4
You are able to move the centers of slice/slab groups and navigator objects precisely into the reference plane (image plane of
the reference image).
F.4
Place the input focus on the reference image to be used as

the reference plane.
The image will have a bright border.
F.4
Select Protocol > Shift to Image.

Or
F.4
Place the mouse cursor on the reference image, right-click,

and select Shift to Image from the context menu.
The centers of all graphic objects (except saturation regions)
will be moved into the reference plane.
F.4
Graphic objects (except for saturation regions) whose centers
lie outside the visible area of the reference image are moved
towards the center of this image.
F.4
It is not possible to move slice groups, slab groups, and saturation regions that are parallel with the reference image to the
reference image plane in this manner.
0.0
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F.447
Positioning Slices
Examination
Example: The center of a slice group is moved into the image

area of the reference image by selecting Shift to Image.
F.4
Shift to Image
0.0
F.448
Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Rotating objects
F.4
You can rotate graphic objects to fit them to an anatomical

structure.
F.4
There are various ways of rotating objects:
Rotating using the mouse
Rotating using menu commands
Orientation to the degree set on the Geometry parameter
card
Page F.577, Setting the slice orientation at a precise
angle
Rotating using
the mouse
F.4
Select the graphic object explicitly.

F.4
Click on the selected object with the left mouse button and
rotate it about its center.
The rotational axis is now perpendicular to the reference image.F.4
Rotating
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F.449
Positioning Slices
Examination
Or
F.4
Move the pointer over the object.

The pointer changes shape when placed over the delimitation
F.4
lines.
Hold the left mouse button down and rotate the object about
its center.
Rotating a navigator
cuboid
F.4
Place the mouse cursor on one of the contour lines of the

navigator cuboid. Do not use the handle.
The mouse pointer changes shape. S.3
F.4
Press the left mouse button and drag it in the desired direction of rotation.
Rotating a regular
saturation region and
navigator pen
Regular saturation regions and navigator pens are rotated similar to slice and slab groups.
F.4
F.4
The center (pivot) always appears at the position clicked with

the mouse. This point is the center of rotation.
F.4
You can move the center of rotation by clicking another position
in the Sat region.
F.4
Parallel and tracking saturation regions may be rotated only
with the slices or slabs assigned to them.
0.0
F.450
Operator Manual
Examination
Combining rotate and

shift functions
Positioning Slices
You may rotate and move objects in one step.

F.4
F.4
Hold the Shift key down to move the objects.

Release the Shift key to rotate it.
Press the Shift key again to shift the object again.
Rotating Objects in the

Plane
F.4
You can rotate slice and 3D block groups in the plane. These
objects must be projection areas (flat section with reference
image).
F.4
Press the Ctrl key and move the cursor over the object.
The pointer changes shape when placed over the delimitation
lines.
F.4
Hold the left mouse button down, press the Ctrl key, and
rotate the object about its center.
The rotational axis runs through the center of the graphic object
and is perpendicular to the object.
F.4
Rotating in the plane
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F.451
Positioning Slices
Rotation of oblique
intersections
Examination
F.4
When you rotate slices the center of which is not in the plane of
rotation (intersections inclined in one or two axes), the center of
the slice moves as you rotate the slice.
F.4
Swapping the phase

direction
The main orientation of the object may change as it is rotated.F.4

F.4
If the object has a rectangular FOV, you may find that the intersection lines in the result display are noticeably longer or
shorter than originally, because of the realigned phase-encoding direction of the FoV.
F.4
Example:
A mostly transverse slice group becomes a mostly coronal slice
group.
F.4
Rotating
After the rotation, check the phase-encoding direction and

swap it if necessary.
F.4
0.0
F.452
Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Explicitly select a slice/slab group or a navigator object.

Select Protocol > Swap Phase from the main menu or
Swap Phase from the context menu.
The field of view of the selected object is rotated about 90. The
phase-encoding and readout directions are swapped.
F.4
Swapping phases
It is not possible to apply this method to saturation regions.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.453
Positioning Slices
Tilt a slice group by 90
Examination
F.4
When you tilt a slice group by 90, the intersection line appears
rotated counterclockwise by 90.
F.4
Select the saturation group.

Select Protocol > Turn Group.
The center of the slice group remains unchanged.
F.4
Tilting a group
0.0
F.454
Operator Manual
Examination
Aligning graphic objects

perpendicularly
Positioning Slices
F.4
You may change oblique intersections of the graphic object to

align them perpendicularly to the reference image.
F.4
Select a reference image.
Select a graphic object that obliquely intersects the reference
image.
Select Protocol > Perpendicular.
Or
F.4
Select Perpendicular from the context menu.

Or
F.4
Press the short cut Ctrl + 1.

The selected slice or slab group will be aligned perpendicularly
to the reference image. Its center will then be moved into the
reference image plane.
F.4
Aligning perpendicularly
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F.455
Positioning Slices
Examination
If a navigator intersects the reference image at an angle 45,

the navigator direction will be aligned perpendicular to the
image.
If a navigator intersects the reference image at an angle 45,
the navigator direction will be aligned in the image plane.
If no object is selected, Perpendicular will be applied to all
oblique slice and slab groups. Oblique saturation regions or
navigators are not aligned.
0.0
F.456
Operator Manual
Examination
Making slices mutually

orthogonal
Positioning Slices
F.4
You can align a slice group orthogonally to another planned

slice group.
F.4
Select the slice group you want to align.
Select Protocol > Orthogonal.
Or
F.4
Press the short cut Ctrl + 2.

The center of the aligned slice will be in the plane of the reference slice.
F.4
Orthogonal
The Perpendicular function is used to align objects to the reference image plane. The Orthogonal function is used to
align the selected slice to the reference slice.
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F.457
Positioning Slices
Examination
Adding slice and slab groups
F.4
If the slice or slab groups shown in the reference images are not
suitable to your diagnostic question, other groups may be
added.
F.4
The number of slice or slab groups that you can add depends
on the protocol selected.
Page F.571, Soft limits and extended limits
F.4
The order in which new slices or slabs are drawn and edited
does not affect the order of scanning or numbering reconstructed images.
Page F.667, Numbering of reconstructed images
F.4
There are various ways of adding new slice groups:
F.4
Freely-selectable slice positioning via the mouse

Positioning new slices in the center of the image segment
Positioning a new slices using an orientation line
Adding new slices in the 3-point mode
0.0
F.458
Operator Manual
Examination
Rules for adding
Positioning Slices
F.4
No slice group was selected before adding:
F.4
The new slice group contains one slice.

The center of this slice is in the reference image plane.
Another slice group was selected before adding:
F.4
The new slice group inherits the properties of the selected

group (number of slices, distance factor, swap, phase oversampling and slice oversampling).
The new slice group has the same orientation as the reference slice group and is moved in the slice-selection direction
(normal direction) parallel to the thickness of the entire group
(Stack+).
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.459
Positioning Slices
Freely positioning
slice groups
Examination
F.4
Use the mouse to move new slice or slab groups into any position in the reference image.
F.4
Click the Create Slice(Slab) Group button.

F.4
Click the position in the reference image where you want to

insert a new slice group.
The center of the slice or slab group will appear in the image
plane of the reference image.
F.4
Create slice (slab)

group
Hold the mouse button down and rotate/move the new slice or
slab group with the mouse. direction. Click the image again to
create the next slice/3D slab group.
F.4
0.0
F.460
Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning graphic
objects in the center
of the image segment
Positioning Slices
F.4
You are able to insert new objects in the center of the selected
image segment. The center of the newly created slice or slab
group is positioned precisely in the image plane of the reference
image.
F.4
Select Protocol > Add Slice(Slab) Group.

If an existing group is selected, the new slice group will be
shifted parallel and contiguous to the selected group.
F.4
Use orientation lines

to position slice
groups
F.4
You may also position a new slice/slab group along an orientation line. To this end, draw the line into the reference image
using the mouse. The slice/slab group is then positioned along
the line and is located perpendicularly to the reference image.
The center of the new slice/slab group is in the plane of the reference image and positioned exactly between the start and end
point of the orientation line.
F.4
Place the mouse cursor on the starting point of the line.

Keep the left mouse button pressed and drag the mouse cursor to the point where you want to position the new slice/slab
group.
The orientation line is drawn in.
F.4
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F.461
Positioning Slices
Examination
You can change the direction and length of the line, as long as
you hold the mouse button down.
F.4
The new slice/slab group is displayed.
Exiting "Create Slice (Slab)

Group" mode
F.4
F.4
Select another mode from the tool bar.

Or
F.4
Select another mode from the main menu, for example,

Image Tools > Modify Graphics.
Or
F.4
Select another mode from the context menu, for example,

Zoom/Pan On.
If you reach the maximum number of slice(slab) groups, the

Create Slice(Slab) Group mode will be automatically ended.
0.0
F.462
Operator Manual
Examination
Adding a slice/slab
group in 3 point mode
Positioning Slices
F.4
This mode allows you to use random reference images to determine 3 points that define a plane. You are now adding a new
slice or slab group. The center slice or slab of this group passes
exactly through this plane. You can also align an existing slice
or slab group to this plane.
F.4
When selecting the 3 points, you may scroll through the reference images or load new ones.
F.4
Ensure that no graphic objects are selected. Select Edit >
Deselect All.
If you want to change an existing slice or slab group, verify
that it is not selected.
Click the Create Slice (Slab) Group (3 point) button to activate this mode.
F.4
Click three positions successively in one or more reference

images.
After each mouse click, a mark appears at the position you
selected.
F.4
As long as the third mark is not positioned, you may move the
corner marks by dragging them with the mouse. Click on them
again for removal.
F.4
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F.463
Positioning Slices
Examination
Example: Localization of the right coronary artery
F.4
(1) Define the first point

(2) Define the second point
(3) Define the third point,
the new slab is displayed
0.0
F.464
Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
After you have defined the position of the third point, the new
slice or slab group will appear in the reference images and/or
the previously selected slice will be aligned with the 3 points. F.4
If you have created a new group, it will be selected automatically. You can orient it by specifying 3 points.
You can add additional groups in three-point mode as follows. F.4
Deselect the last group you created.
Click three positions successively in one or more reference
images.
Finally, press the Esc key to deactivate Create Slice (Slab)
Group (3 points) mode.
Or
F.4
Select Modify Graphics mode on the tool bar.

Or
F.4
Switch to another mode (using the tool bar, main menu, or

context menu).
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F.465
Positioning Slices
Examination
Adding saturation regions
F.4
You may add further regular saturation regions in a protocol just

like slice or slab groups.
F.4
Parallel and tracking saturation regions may only be added on
the Geometry parameter card. They cannot be added via
graphic slice positioning.
F.4
Creating a regular
saturation region in the
center of the image
segment

Select Protocol > Add Sat to position a regular saturation
region in the center of the image.
F.4
The new saturation region appears perpendicular to the reference image with a vertical intersection area.
F.4
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Operator Manual
Examination
Regular saturation region

Positioning freely
Positioning Slices

F.4
Select Image Tools > Create Sat.

Or
F.4
Click the Create Sat toolbar to activate this mode.

F.4
Click the position in the reference image where you want to

insert the new saturation region.
The saturation region is located perpendicularly to the reference image. The intersection runs in vertical direction. The
thickness of the region is calculated using standard protocol
parameters.
F.4
Create regular sat
You can change the positioning of the new saturation region by

dragging the mouse while holding the mouse button down. F.4
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Positioning Slices
Regular sat using an

orientation line
Examination
F.4
You may also place a regular saturation region along an orientation line. The saturation region is then located perpendicularly
to the reference image.
F.4
Position the mouse pointer at the starting point of the orientation line.
Hold the left mouse button down and drag the mouse cursor
in the direction you want to place the saturation region.
The new saturation region is displayed.
F.4
Exiting the mode
F.4
You can exit Create Sat mode if you do not want to draw additional saturation regions.
F.4
Press the Esc key.
The mouse is now in the Modify Graphics mode.
F.4
Or
F.4
Switch to another mode (using the tool bar or context menu).
When you have reached the maximum number of sat regions

the Create Sat mode is automatically ended. The color of the
icon changes from yellow to blue.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Changing graphic slice parameters
F.4
Use the mouse to change the following slice and slab groups
parameter settings as well as edit standard saturation regions: F.4
Slice thickness or slab thickness
Number of slices or slabs per group
Distance between slices or slabs within a group
Slice oversampling
As an alternative, you may change these parameters numerically on the Geometry card.
F.4
Page F.524, Geometry Common parameter card (2D)
Ensure that the mouse is in the Modify Graphics mode. If
necessary, press the Esc key to ensure that you are in that
mode.
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F.469
Positioning Slices
Examination
Click the Extent Thickness button.
Increasing the thickness

of the slices/slabs
Or
F.4
F.4
Select Image Tools > Extent Mode > Extent Thickness.

F.4
Click the Extent handle, hold the mouse button down, and
drag the handle in the required direction.
To increase the thickness of the slices/slabs, drag the extent
handle away from the group.
F.4
To reduce the thickness of the slices/slabs, drag the extent handle toward the group.
F.4
The thickness will be displayed in millimeters on the reference
image as long as you keep the mouse button pressed.
F.4
Release the mouse button once the slices/slabs have the
required thickness.
Changing the slice thickness also changes the distance

between slices since the distance factor remains constant. F.4
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Operator Manual
Examination
Increasing the number of

slices/slabs
Positioning Slices
F.4
Click the Extent Slices (3D-group) to switch to this mode.

Or
F.4
Select Image Tools > Extent Mode > Extent Slices

(slabs).
The mouse pointer changes shape near the pivot.
F.4
drag the handle in the required direction.
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F.471
Positioning Slices
Examination
Drag the extent handle (mark) away from the group to increase
the number of slices.
F.4
To decrease the number of slices drag the extent handle (mark)
toward the group.
F.4
The number of slices will be displayed on the reference image
as long as you hold the mouse button down.
F.4
Release the mouse button as soon as you have generated
the required number of slices or slabs.
The maximum possible number of slices is limited by other protocol parameters (for example, by TR). It is not possible to
exceed this limit by dragging the extent handles. The highlighted display indicates when you have reached the limit (thick
line).
F.4
F.4
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Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Click the Extent Distance button to switch to the appropriate

mode.
Increasing the distance

between slices/slabs
F.4
Or
F.4
Select Image Tools > Extent Mode > Extent Distance.

F.4
drag the handle in the required Keep the mouse button
pressed.
Drag the extent handle away from the group to increase the distance between slices.
F.4
To reduce the distance between slices, drag the extent handle
toward the group.
F.4
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Positioning Slices
Examination
The distance between slices will be displayed on the reference

image as long as you keep the mouse button pressed.
F.4
Release the mouse button, when the slices/slabs show the
required distance.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Changing slice
oversampling
Positioning Slices
In 3D scans, you can change the slice oversampling.
F.4
F.4
Click the Extent Slice Oversampling button.

Or
F.4
Select Image Tools > Extent Mode > Extent Slice Oversampling.
F.4
drag the handle in the required Keep the mouse button
pressed.
To increase the slice oversampling, drag the extent handle
away from the group.
F.4
To reduce the slice oversampling, drag the extent handle toward
the group.
F.4
Slice oversampling is displayed on the reference image as long
as you hold the mouse button down.
F.4
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Positioning Slices
Examination
Release the mouse button as soon as slice oversampling

reaches the desired size.
To change the thickness of the slices/slabs, press the Alt key

to switch to the Extent Thickness mode. Release the Alt key
to return to the Extent Slice Oversampling mode again.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Switching between the

slice number/ slice
distance/ and slice
thickness mode
Positioning Slices
F.4
Changing the slice distance is just as easy as changing the

slice thickness. Press the Alt key to switch to Extent slices
(slabs) change the number of planned slices, then return to the
Extent Thickness or Extent Distance mode (release the Alt
key again).
F.4
Changing the field of view

(FOV) via the mouse
F.4
Select the slice or slab group whose field of view (FoV) you
want to change.
Drag the FoV handle in the phase-encoding direction.
If you drag the FoV handle in the readout direction, the icon
(shown) will appear next to the mouse pointer.
F.4
If you drag the FOV handle in the phase-encoding direction, the

icon (shown) will appear next to the mouse pointer.
F.4
The dimensions of the current field of view (FoV) are displayed

on the reference image as long as you hold the mouse button
pressed.
F.4
Release the mouse button as soon as the field of view (FoV)

has the required size.
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Positioning Slices
Examination
Notes on enlarging the field of view (FOV)
F.4
You may continue enlarging the field of view in the phaseencoding direction until you obtain a square field of view.
You can only enlarge the field of view in the readout direction
as a function of the FOV aspect ratio. The ratio between the
length in the phase-encoding and readout direction remains
constant. If you enlarge the field of view in the readout direction, the field of view will be enlarged as well in the phaseencoding direction.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Notes on reducing the field of view (FoV)
F.4
You may only reduce the field of view in the readout direction
in conjunction with the phase-encoding direction. The FOV is
also proportionally reduced in the phase-encoding direction
to maintain a constant FoV aspect ratio.
The FoV in the phase-encoding direction can be reduced

independently of the readout direction.
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F.479
Positioning Slices
Changing phase
oversampling via
the mouse
Examination
F.4
Click this button to begin processing the phase oversampling.

Or
F.4
Select Image Tools > Extent Mode > Extent Phase Oversampling On.
Select the slice or slab group whose phase oversampling
factor you want to change.
Drag the FoV handle in the phase-encoding direction.
The current value of the phase oversampling factor will be displayed on the reference image as long as you keep the mouse
button pressed.
F.4
Release the mouse button as soon as the phase oversampling has been enlarged/reduced as required.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Changes in phase oversampling have a symmetric effect on

the slice or slab group. The size of the field of view (FoV) and
the center remain constant.
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F.481
Positioning Slices
Regular saturation
regions changing
Examination
F.4
You are able to move saturation regions, or change their orientation or thickness with the mouse. The procedure is the same
as for processing slice and slab groups.
F.4
Other saturation region parameters may be edited numerically

on the Geometry parameter card.
F.4
Parallel or tracking
saturation regions
changing
F.4
You can change the position and orientation of a parallel/tracking saturation region via the slice/slab group associated with
this slice group. The distance between slice/slab groups
remains constant.
Page F.442, Moving objects
F.4
Depending on the extent handle clicked, you are able to change

the Thickness of the sat region or the Distance to the slice/slab
group.
F.4
With parallel saturation regions, modifying the slice thickness

and the distance to the slice/slab group always affects both
saturation regions symmetrically.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
(1) Handle for changing the sat thickness

(2) Handle for changing the distance from the slice/slab group
To change the thickness of the parallel saturation region:
F.4
Click the Extent handle facing away from the slice/slab

group, press the left mouse button, and drag it.
To change the distance of the parallel saturation region:
F.4
Click the Extent handle facing toward the slice/slab group,

press the left mouse button, and drag it.
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F.483
Positioning Slices
Switching between slice

thickness and position
editing
Examination
F.4
You are able to quickly and easily switch to position editing by

pressing the Shift key while changing the slice thickness of saturation regions. You can then move the selected standard saturation region before returning to Extent Thickness mode (by
releasing the Shift key again).
F.4
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F.484
Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Deleting graphic objects
F.4
You can delete or replace graphic objects that you no longer

need for measurements.
F.4
Deleting selected
objects
First select the slice object you want to delete.

F.4
Select Edit > Delete from the main menu or Delete from the
context menu.
Or
F.4
Click the Delete button or press the Del key.

The selected object is deleted. The next object is selected in
place of the deleted object.
F.4
The slice or slab group will not be deleted if the number of
slices/slabs is below the minimum number defined for the protocol. Instead, the number of slices/slabs is reduced to a minimum.
F.4
Deleting all objects
F.4
Select Delete All from the context menu.

All slice/slab groups and saturation regions of your protocol will
be deleted except for the minimum number of slice/slab groups
defined in the protocol. Parallel saturation regions are
retained.
F.4
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F.485
Positioning Slices
Examination
Transferring the position of reference images
F.4
You can use the Copy Image Position function to temporarily

store the position and orientation of a reference image and copy
it to the selected slice of the open protocol.
F.4
Select the reference image in one of the image segments.
Select the slice.
Select ImageTools > Copy Image Position from the main
menu or Copy Image Position from the context menu.
The position and orientation are copied to the selected slice.
F.4
Copy image position
If no slice (slab) group is selected, the position and orientation

will be transferred to the first slice (slab) group of the protocol.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
The position and orientation of the reference image is retained

in temporary storage and may be copied to other selected
slices as well.
F.4
Select the slice.
Select Image Tools > Paste Image Position.
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Positioning Slices
Examination
Nearest
F.4
The Nearest function selects the best possible reference

images for a region of interest.
F.4
As a first step, the center of the currently selected graphic
object is automatically moved into the plane of the previously
selected reference image. This shift is perpendicular to the
plane of the reference image. If the selected graphic object has
already been positioned at the location of interest, this position
is retained during the shift.
F.4
In addition, in the other two reference image segments, reference images are selected with planes nearest to the position of
the selected graphic object.
F.4
The primary application of the Nearest function is spectroscopy.

Procedure:
F.4
Select the required reference image in the loaded reference

image series.
Select the graphic object.
Select ImageTools > Copy Image Position if you want the
graphic object to have the same orientation as the reference
image.
Page F.486, Transferring the position of reference images
Select Scroll > Nearest.
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F.488
Operator Manual
Examination
Positioning Slices
Applying slice settings
F.4
After you have correctly positioned the graphic objects, you may
release the protocol for scanning.
F.4
Click the Apply button in the program control.

The graphic objects in the reference images are now removed.
However, the reference images are still displayed in the image
segments.
F.4
When you have finished graphic slice positioning and completed the protocol, it is loaded into the scan system and run in
the job list accordingly.
F.4
The next, incomplete protocol of the program control will be

opened automatically. You can now position the slices for this
protocol and check the other parameter settings in the parameter card.
Page F.51, Adjusting Measurement Parameters
F.4
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Positioning Slices
Examination
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
F.5
Adjusting Measurement
Parameters
F.5
Siemens Service has set up the routine scan programs on your

system to require minimal interactions on your part. Usually,
you need to change just a few parameters prior to scanning. F.5
The best time for you to adjust the measurement parameters of
your first protocol is directly after the graphic slice positioning
when your protocol is still open.
F.5
The parameter cards of the Exam task card contain all measurement parameters of a protocol sorted by main topics.
F.5
During routine scan operations, it usually suffices to look at the
parameters of the Routine parameter card to change the field
of view (FoV) or other parameters that require frequent modification.
F.5
For more specialized diagnostic problems and special anatomical conditions, you can adjust additional measurement parameters in the Contrast, Resolution, and Geometry cards.
F.5
Depending on the sequence used for scanning, other application-specific parameter cards will be displayed.
F.5
An overview of the parameter cards and short descriptions of
the parameters are provided on the following pages.
F.5
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Examination
Next, the working procedure and input tools of the parameter

card stack are explained. Finally, you learn how to save your
parameter changes and copy them to other scan protocols. F.5
F.5
NOTE
Detailed descriptions of the individual measurement
parameters and notes on settings are provided in the
reference section.
Page P.11
F.5
F.5
NOTE
The parameter cards for spectroscopy scans are included
in the operator manual MR Spectroscopy operating
manual.
F.5
F.5
NOTE
This chapter also describes sequences and functions of
optional applications packages.
F.5
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Operator Manual
Examination
Overview of parameter cards
F.5
The parameter card stack shows the measurement parameters

of the protocol currently open.
F.5
The measurement parameters are organized on cards by topics. The parameter cards are arranged in a stack from left to
right to provide easy access to the cards most frequently used
and processed.
F.5
Different measurement parameters are displayed on the individual cards depending on the sequence associated with the
current scan protocol.
F.5
The following pages discuss all parameters that can be displayed and edited for various examinations.
However, individual parameters may be missing on the
parameter cards depending on the sequence associated with
the open protocol.
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Examination
Some measurement parameters are available for verification

and editing on several parameter cards. In other words, you will
find a parameter on all cards for which it is relevant.
F.5
The detailed descriptions of the measurement parameters in
the reference section also indicate the cards where the individual parameters are located.
Page P.11
F.5
Selecting a parameter
card for editing
F.5
The Routine parameter card is always on top of the stack when

you open a scan protocol.
F.5
Click the tab of another parameter card to place it on top.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Routine parameter card
F.5
The Routine parameter card includes all parameters of your

scan protocols. You are able to check as well as modify them
during scan preparations.
F.5
The Routine parameter card shows different parameters
depending on whether your protocol uses 2D or 3D scans.
F.5
Routine parameter
card (2D)
F.5
(1) Parameters that may be different for each slice group

(2) Parameters that apply to all slice groups
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Routine parameter
card (3D)
Examination
F.5
(1) Parameters that may be different for each slab group

(2) Parameters that apply to all slices/slabs
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Operator Manual
Examination
Parameters for image

resolution and contrast
F.5
FoV read
Field of view in readout direction,
Page P.148
FoV phase
Field of view in phase-encoding direction,
Page P.149
TR
Repetition time, interval between two consecutive excitations, Page P.137
TE
Echo time, time between RF pulse and measured echo,
Page P.138
Averages
Number of scans, repetitions to improve the signal-to-noise
ratio, Page P.140
Filter
Filters selected, Page P.168
Parameters for monitoring

the excitation sequence F.5
Concatenations
Distribution of the slices to be measured across a given number of scans to avoid cross-talk, Page P.134
Coils
Coil elements
Coils to be used for this protocol,
Page P.185
F.5
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F.57
Slice parameters for

for 2D scanning
F.5
Examination
Slice group
Number of the slice group currently displayed,
Page F.576, Adding or deleting graphic objects
and Page P.13
Slices
Number of slices in this group, Page P.14
Dist. factor
Distance between the slices of the group as a percentage of
the slice thickness, Page P.15
Slice thickness
Slice thickness (in mm), Page P.16
Position
Position of the slice group in the patient coordinate system,
graphic objects and Page P.111
Orientation
Orientation of the slice group in the patient coordinate system,
Phase enc. dir.
Phase-encoding direction, specified in the main orientations
of the patient coordinate system, the angle of slice rotation
can also be set in a lower-level dialog box,
Page P.113
Phase oversampling
Extent of the field of view in the phase-encoding direction to
avoid aliasing artifacts, Page P.114
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Operator Manual
Examination
Slab parameters for 3D

scans
F.5
Slab group
Number of the slab group currently displayed,
and Page P.13
Slabs
Number of slabs in this slab group,
Page P.14
Dist. factor
Distance between slabs as a percentage of the slab thickness, Page P.15
Slice thickness
Thickness of the individual slices of the slabs,
Page P.16
Slices per slab
Number of slices per slab,
Page P.17
Position
Position of the slab group in the patient coordinate system,
Orientation
Orientation of the slab group in the patient coordinate system, Page F.577, Adjusting the orientation and position of
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Examination
Phase enc. dir.

Page P.113
Phase oversampling
avoid aliasing artifacts,
Page P.114
Slice oversampling
Extent of the field of view in the slice selection direction to
Page P.116
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Operator Manual
Examination
Contrast parameter card
F.5
The Contrast parameter card displays all the settings for

changing the contrast in the images. Among other factors,
image contrast is critical for correct diagnosis.
F.5
Depending on your diagnostic task, you can acquire images
with different weightings by setting parameters on the Contrast
card. Images with T1 and proton density weighting display anatomical structures especially well. T2 weighting, on the other
hand, is more suitable to detect pathological changes.
F.5
Additional effects can be obtained by spin preparation. Using
preceding RF pulses, contrast can be enhanced or signals can
be suppressed completely.
F.5
Contrast parameter card
F.5
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F.511
T1, T2, and proton

density contrast
F.5
Examination
To determine the T1, T2, or proton density weighting for spin

echo sequences, set the parameters TR (repetition time) and
TE (echo time).
F.5
The values recommended for spin echo sequences are as follows:
F.5
Short TR and short TE produces T1 contrast.
Long TR and long TE produces T2 contrast.
Long TR and short TE produces proton density contrast.
F.5
TR
Repetition time, interval between two consecutive excitations,
Page P.137
TE
Echo time, time between RF pulse and measured echo
Page F.574, Displaying and editing parameter groups
and Page P.138
Flip angle
Flip angle of rotational axis of spins,
Page P.140
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Operator Manual
Examination
Settings for spin

preparation
F.5
The actual scan should be preceded by an RF pulse (spin preparation) when you want to change the contrast or suppress certain signals (for example, for an inversion recovery sequence).F.5
Magn. preparation
Magnetization preparation for inversion recovery (IR) and
saturation recovery (SR) sequences,
Page P.141
TI
Inversion time,
Page P.139
Increasing signals
F.5
Averages
Number of scans, repetitions to improve the signal-to-noise
ratio,
Page P.140
Restore Magn.
Signal raising with T2 weighting by acceleration relaxation of
the longitudinal magnetization,
Page P.146
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F.513
Suppressing
signals
F.5
Examination
The MR signal comprises the sum of signals from water and fat
protons. This may result in chemical shift artifacts. Motion artifacts may be enhanced, and contrast may degrade.
F.5
Signal suppression may be used to decrease these effects.
F.5
Fat suppression
Suppression of the fat signal,
Page P.143
FatSat mode
Degree of fat suppression,
Page P.144
Water suppression
Suppression of the water signal,
Page P.145
MTC
Presaturation due to magnetization transfer,
Page P.146
For some types of sequences, the Geometry Saturation
parameter card contains the Saturation mode parameter. If
you select the Quick option for this parameter, the options for
fat and water saturation change to Q-fat sat. and Q-water
sat.
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F.514
Operator Manual
Examination
Magnitude, phase, and

real images
F.5
The Contrast card lets you select the image types for reconstruction:
F.5
F.5
Magnitude
images
Show the intensity of the MR signal
Phase images
Show the phase angle of the spins
Real images
Show the signed amplitude of the longitudinal

magnetization after an inversion pulse
F.5
N OT E
Reconstruction of image types is not possible in every
protocol and every sequence.
F.5
F.5
Reconstruction
Selection of reconstruction mode and image type or types,
Page P.142
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F.515
Parameters for dynamic

scanning
F.5
Examination
TD
Pause (for example, for breath-holding commands)
Page F.574, Displaying and editing parameter groups
and Page P.139
Infinite measurement
The number of scans for realtime sequences is set to the
maximum value,
Page P.177
Measurements
Number of measurements for dynamic scanning,
Page P.177
Pause after meas.
Pause between individual measurements,
Page P.178
Delay in TR
Time between consecutive scans for all ep2d sequences,
Page P.179
Multiple series
The images of each measurement are stored as a separate
series,
Page P.180
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Operator Manual
Examination
Resolution parameter card
F.5
The image resolution lets you determine the size and the level
of detail shown by the images calculated from raw data. The
higher the image resolution, the longer the acquisition time. F.5
The Resolution parameter card consists of two subcards:
F.5
Common
All parameters affecting image resolution are located on the
Resolution Common parameter card.
The Resolution Common parameter card differs for 2D and
3D measurements.
iPAT
The parameters for the PAT reconstruction method to
shorten the scan time are located on the Resolution iPAT
(PAT = parallel acquisition technique) parameter card.
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F.517
Resolution Common
parameter card (2D)
F.5
Resolution Common
parameter card (3D)
F.5
Examination
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F.518
Operator Manual
Examination
Image resolution for

for 2D scanning
F.5
FoV read
Field of view in readout direction,
Page P.147
FoV phase
Field of view in phase-encoding direction,
Page P.147
Slice thickness
Slice thickness (in mm),
Page P.16
Base resolution
Number of readout steps,
Page P.150
Phase resolution
Ratio of readout to phase-encoding steps,
Page P.151
Phase partial Fourier
Asymmetric scanning of raw data space in phase-encoding
direction to reduce scanning time,
Page P.156
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F.519
Image resolution for

3D scanning
F.5
Examination
FoV read
Field of view in readout direction, Page P.147
FoV phase
Field of view in phase-encoding direction, Page P.147
Slice thickness
Individual slice thickness for all slabs (partitions),
Page P.16
Base resolution
Number of readout steps, Page P.150
Phase resolution
Page P.151
Slice resolution
Resolution ratio in slice selection direction,
Page P.154
Asymmetric scanning of raw data space in phase-encoding
Page P.156
Slice partial Fourier
Asymmetric scanning of raw data space in slice selection
Page P.157
Filter
F.5
Interpolation
F.5
Filter
Selection of filter,
Page P.168
Interpolation
Increasing the image matrix to double the size,
Page P.153
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Operator Manual
Examination
Resolution iPAT
parameter card
F.5
F.5
iPAT mode
Selection of PAT reconstruction mode,
Page P.158
Accel. factor PE
Acceleration factor in phase-encoding direction,
Page P.160
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F.521
Examination
Max. recomm. factor PE

read-only parameter in Online-Editor,
Page P.160
Ref. lines PE
Number of reference lines in the phase-encoding direction,
Page P.161
Accel. factor 3D
Acceleration factor in slice selection direction,
Page P.162
Max. recomm. factor 3D
read-only parameter in Online-Editor,
Page P.163
Ref. lines 3D
Number of reference lines in the slice selection direction,
Page P.164
Matrix coil mode
Setting the modes for the Matrix coil elements,
Page P.165
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F.522
Operator Manual
Examination
Geometry parameter card
F.5
In routine examination mode, the position and orientation of

slice and slab groups is planned graphically using the toolbar
for graphic slice positioning and the mouse.
F.5
Use the Geometry parameter card if these tools are not sufficient for special diagnostic problems. This card also allows you
to define the parameters for checking the excitation sequence,
make settings for the saturation techniques, and position navigators.
F.5
The Geometry card consists of three subcards:
F.5
Common
This card contains all parameters for positioning and
expanding the slices or slabs to be scanned. This parameter
card differs for 2D and 3D measurements.
Saturation
This card displays the parameters relevant to the inclusion of
regional or fat/water saturation.
Navigator
This card displays the parameters for navigator objects. It is
only used for special navigator sequences.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.523
Geometry Common
parameter card (2D)
F.5
Geometry Common
parameter card (3D)
F.5
Examination
0.0
F.524
Operator Manual
Examination
Slice parameters for 2D

scanning
F.5
Slice group
Number of the slice group currently displayed,
and Page P.13
Slices
Number of slices in this group,
Page P.14
Dist. factor
Distance between the slices of the group as a percentage of
the slice thickness,
Page P.15
Position
Position of the slice group in the patient coordinate system,
Orientation
Orientation of the slice group in the patient coordinate system, Page F.577, Adjusting the orientation and position of
Phase enc. dir.
Page P.113
Phase oversampling
Page P.114
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F.525
Parameters for extending

the measurement range
F.5
Examination
FoV read
FoV phase
Slice thickness
Thickness of the individual slices (2D) or thickness of the
individual slices of the slabs (3D),
Page P.16
TR
Repetition time, interval between two consecutive excitations,
Page P.137
Parameters for controlling

the excitation sequence F.5
Multi-slice mode
Sequential (slice by slice) or interleaved (row by row) scanning method,
Page P.131
Series
Excitation sequence of slices,
Page P.133
Concatenations
Distribution of the slices to be measured across a given number of scans to avoid cross-talk,
Page P.134
0.0
F.526
Operator Manual
Examination
Slab parameters for

3D scanning
F.5
Slab group
Number of the slab group currently displayed,
and Page P.13
Slabs
Number of slabs in this slab group,
Page P.14
Dist. factor
Distance between slabs as a percentage of the slab thickness, Page P.15
Position
Position of the slab group in the patient coordinate system,
Orientation
Orientation of the slab group in the patient coordinate system, Page F.577, Adjusting the orientation and position of
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.527
F.5
Examination
Phase enc. dir.

Page P.113
Phase oversampling
Page P.114
Slice oversampling
Extent of the field of view in the slice selection direction to
Page P.116
Slices per slab
Number of slices per slab,
Page P.17
0.0
F.528
Operator Manual
Examination
Parameter card
Geometry Saturator
F.5
Saturation mode
F.5
Saturation mode
Saturation pulses before each scan or only as often as necessary.
The Quick saturation mode is available for some sequences.
This mode ensures a shorter scan time and is used both for
fat and water saturation, as well as for single and parallel saturation regions.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.529
Signal suppression
fat/water
F.5
Examination
Fat sat. mode

Degree of fat suppression, Page P.144
Fat suppr.
Suppression of the fat signal, Page P.143
Water suppr.
Suppression of the water signal, Page P.145
Restore Magn.
Signal raising with T2 weighting by acceleration relaxation of
the longitudinal magnetization, Page P.146
Saturation regions
F.5
Saturation regions are areas the signal of which is saturated by

special RF pulses to avoid motion artifacts.
F.5
Sat. region
Number of the saturation slice displayed,
Thickness
Thickness of this saturation slice, Page P.118
Position
Position of this saturation slice in the patient coordinate system, Page F.577, Adjusting the orientation and position of
Orientation
Orientation of this saturation slice in the patient coordinate
system, Page F.577, Adjusting the orientation and position of graphic objects and Page P.118
0.0
F.530
Operator Manual
Examination
Special Sat
Selection of a parallel or tracking saturation region,
Page P.119
If you have selected the Quick saturation mode, a Quick
option is available for all parallel saturation regions (for example, Q Parallel H). Tracking saturation regions cannot be
planned in Quick mode.
Gap
Distance between parallel or tracking saturation slice and
slice group,
Page P.119
Thickness
Thickness of the parallel or tracking saturation slice,
Page P.119
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.531
Parameter card
Geometry-Navigator
Examination
F.5
0.0
F.532
Operator Manual
Examination
Navigator
Type of navigator object currently displayed,
Page P.121
Position
Position of the navigator object in the patient coordinate system,
Page P.122
Orientation
Orientation of the navigator object in the patient coordinate
system,
Page P.122
Rotation
Angle by which the navigator object is rotated in the slice
plane defined by the orientation,
Page P.123
Base size phase
Extent of the navigator object in the phase-encoding direction, Page P.123
Base size read
Extent of the navigator object in the readout direction,
Page P.123
Thickness
Thickness of the navigator slice,
Page P.123
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.533
Examination
System parameter card
F.5
The System card is divided into four subcards:
F.5
Coils
This subcard shows the stylized patient and the positions of
the coils connected. The area above the patient displays the
coils with positions not (yet) known, the area underneath the
patient displays the coils with known positions. These coil
elements are shown in the GSP as well.
Miscellaneous
This subcard is used to define the position of the scan
region. You may perform the scan using the current table
position or define a different position.
The selection lists for image numbering allow you to define
the order in which the reconstructed images are numbered.
Adjustments and Transmitter/Receiver
These two parameter cards contain the settings for system
adjustment. These cards are normally not used during routine operation. The adjustment settings should be changed
only under special circumstances by highly experienced
users.
Chapter C.2, Adjusting the System
0.0
F.534
Operator Manual
Examination
Parameter card
System-Coils
F.5
All coil elements connected are displayed on the parameter

card. They can be selected by the user for the respective
scan.
Several fully identical coils (e.g. Body Array coils) may be
connected to the system. The coils are uniquely identified
and differentiated by the software. The user is able to differentiate the coil elements via the tool tip displayed. The coil
name, coil element name, and the plug number are displayed.
The coil elements are shown as buttons and do not overlap.
Up to 64 coil elements may be shown.
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syngo MR 2006T
F.535
Examination
The stylized patient shows the patient positioning; the body

coil shows the table position relative to the patient.
The following dependencies exist between the coil elements
selected and the iPAT acceleration factors (Accel. factor PE,
Accel. factor 3D):
Page P.187
Please refer to the System Manual for a detailed description of
the coils including their use.
F.5
F.5
NOTE
Coil selection is linked to the position of the scan region.
Therefore, the coil selection of the protocols already
processed and completed is automatically applied when
opening consecutive protocols sharing the same position of
the scan region.
F.5
You can deactivate automatic coil selection. This is done by

selecting Queue > Automatic Coil select.
F.5
NOTE
When you copy using copy reference, the target protocol
inherits the coil configuration of the source protocol. The
new coil configuration is stored at the corresponding
position of the scan region.
F.5
0.0
F.536
Operator Manual
Examination
Parameter card
System Miscellaneous
F.5
F.5
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syngo MR 2006T
F.537
Parameters for positioning

the scan region
F.5
Examination
Save uncombined
Saves array images uncombined. Two series are created:
one containing the uncombined images of the individual coil
elements and one containing the combined images (original
images).
Page P.182
Scan at current LP.
The protocol is run using the current table position,
Page P.182
If you click the control box, the following two fields Position
of the Scan region M. and Scan reg. Storage are not visible.
Scan region position
Setting the position of the scan region,
Page P.183
Scan region memory
Selecting a scan region position from the positions of the current series block,
Page P.184
F.5
N OT E
The patient table is moved to adjust the position of the scan
region. Depending on the patient positioning, the table will
move toward the magnet or out of the magnet by the
distance specified.
F.5
0.0
F.538
Operator Manual
Examination
Parameters for image

numbering
F.5
MSMA (Multi Slice Multi Angle) lets you define the order for
numbering the scanned images with regard to their slice orientation (primary order).
Page P.135
Use the Sagittal, Coronal and Transversals selection lists
to define whether the scanned images are numbered
according to ascending or descending slice positions (secondary order).
Page P.135
F.5
NOTE
The settings for image numbering are linked to the position
of the scan region.
The image numbering settings of previously processed and
completed protocols are therefore automatically applied
when opening consecutive protocols that have the same
position of scan region.
F.5
Matrix coil mode
F.5
Setting the modes for the Matrix coil elements

Page P.165
F.5
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syngo MR 2006T
F.539
Examination
Physio parameter card
F.5
The Physio card is divided into three subcards:
F.5
Signal 1
The Physio Signal 1 parameter card lets you set the parameters for the 1st physiological signal.
For a detailed description of the Physio Signal 1 parameter
card, please refer to chapter "Scans using physiological triggering", Page F.151
Cardio
The Physio Cardiac parameter card lets you set the parameters for cardiac examinations.
PACE (Prospective Acquisition CorrEction)
The Physio PACE parameter card lets you set the parameters for suppression of respiratory artifacts.
0.0
F.540
Operator Manual
Examination
Parameter card
Physio-Cardiac
F.5
Cardiological sequences are used to examine and display cardiac functions. The resulting image data can be evaluated using
the Argus task card.
F.5
The Cardiac parameter card is available only if the current

scan protocol is based on a sequence supporting cardiological measurements.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.541
Examination
Tagging
Show orientation lines, Page P.1123
Distance
Distance between orientation lines, Page P.1124
Angle
Angle of orientation lines, Page P.1124
Magn. preparation
Magnetization preparation for inversion recovery (IR) and
saturation recovery (SR) sequences,
Page P.141
Fat suppression
Suppression of the fat signal,
Page P.143
Dark blood
Blood appears dark, Page P.1123
TI
Inversion time, Page P.139
FoV read
FoV phase
Phase resolution
Page P.151
0.0
F.542
Operator Manual
Examination
Parameter card
Physio-PACE
F.5
The PACE parameter card allows you to set parameters for suppression of respiratory artifacts.
F.5
Resp. control
Mode for compensating for the effects of breathing,
Page P.124
Scout mode
Preparation phase where only the navigator signal is measured, Page P.126
Scout duration
Length of the preparation phase, Page P.126
Scout TR
TR of the navigator pulse, Page P.126
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.543
Examination
Acceptance window
Permitted deviation from the tolerance center,
Page P.127
Position Accept Window
Position Accept Window,
Page P.128
Accept. position (green)
Centering position of the acceptance window,
Page P.128
Accept. position
Centering position of the acceptance window on triggering,
Page P.128
Search window
Size of the search window,
Page P.129
Search position (red)
Centering position of the search window,
Page P.129
Store profile images
Stores the navigator signal time curve as an image,
Page P.129
Tracking factor
Connection between the movement of the diaphragm and
the anatomy to be scanned,
Page P.130
Chronological Position
Time when the navigator was used,
Page P.130
0.0
F.544
Operator Manual
Examination
RF Pulse Type
Radio frequency pulse type, Page P.197
Trigger pulse
Trigger pulse, Page P.1137
Slices / respiratory cycle
Slices per respiratory cycle, Page P.1140
Cardiac trigger / repiratory cycle
Cardiac trigger per respiratory cycle, Page P.1140
Concatenations
Distribution of the slices to be measured across a given number of scans to avoid cross-talk, Page P.134
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.545
Examination
Angio parameter card
F.5
The Angio parameter card is available only if the sequence

used as a basis for the current scan protocol supports one of
the following examinations:
F.5
Time-of-flight angiography
Contrast-enhanced angiography
Phase contrast angiography (2D and 3D)
Flow quantification
The Angio parameter card is divided into two subcards:
F.5
Angio Common
Includes the parameters specific to one of the examinations
mentioned above.
Angio Inline
Includes the parameters for dynamic image evaluation for
angiography examinations.
Page F.558
0.0
F.546
Operator Manual
Examination
Angio Common
parameter card for
time-of-flight
angiography
In time-of-flight angiography sequences, unsaturated spins flow

into the slice or volume to generate especially high signal intensity.
F.5
F.5
The Angio Common parameter card allows you to individually

adjust specific parameters for magnitude angiography examinations.
F.5
Flip angle
Flip angle of rotational axis of spins, Page P.140
Inflow
Inflow speed of blood, which defines the shape of the TONE
excitation pulse, Page P.1102
Flow direction
Direction of blood flow, Page P.1102
MTC
Presaturation due to magnetization transfer,
Page P.146
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syngo MR 2006T
F.547
Angio Common parameter

card for contrast-enhanced
angiography
F.5
Examination
Contrast-enhanced angiography takes advantage of the fact

that contrast agent (gadolinium compounds) shortens T1 in the
blood.
F.5
The Angio Common parameter card allows you to individually
adjust specific parameters for contrast-enhanced angiography
examinations.
F.5
Flip angle
Flip angle of rotational axis of spins, Page P.140
3D centr. reordering
Center of raw data space is measured as quickly as possible,
Page P.1103
Time to Center
Time until k space center is reached, Page P.1103
0.0
F.548
Operator Manual
Examination
Angio Common parameter

card for phase contrast
angiography and flow
quantification
F.5
2D phase contrast angiography is used to display vessels

within large scan volumes.
F.5
The intensity of each pixel is a measure of the velocity component at that location. Since only moving spins contribute to the
signal, very thick slices can be displayed as well. The result is
a projection image of all vessels in the excited slice volume. F.5
To display special projections of vessel sections, 3D phase
contrast angiography allows you to process the entire data
volume measured using the MIP technique.
Page H.51, Maximum and Minimum Intensity Projection F.5
The MR flow quantification technique allows for non-invasive
examination and evaluation of blood flow.
F.5
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syngo MR 2006T
F.549
Examination
Flow mode
Flow-encoding mode, Page P.1104
Encodings
Number of flow sensitivities to be set (flow velocity encoding),
Page P.1105
Velocity enc.
Definition of flow sensitivities in cm/s,
Page P.1105
Direction
Flow-sensitive axis, Page P.1105
Rephased images
Magnitude image (flow-rephased), Page P.1106
Magnitude images
Magnitude images (either per flow direction or per flow sensitivity), Page P.1106
Magnitude sum
Magnitude sum image, Page P.1106
Phase images
Phase images (either per flow direction or per flow sensitivity), Page P.1106
0.0
F.550
Operator Manual
Examination
BOLD parameter card
F.5
The BOLD abbreviation stands for Blood Oxygenation Level

Dependent Contrast.
F.5
BOLD imaging displays the change in the oxygenation state of
blood. Generally, T2*-weighted EPI sequences are used for this
purpose.
F.5
While the patient is performing certain actions, e.g. finger
movements, images of the brain are acquired during rest as
well as active periods. Statistical analysis of these images (ttest) provides a parameter map that allows you to locate neurally active regions on the basis of intensity.
F.5
The BOLD parameter card is available only if the current protocol is based on a sequence supporting BOLD imaging.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.551
Examination
t-Test
Enabling or disabling t-test evaluation,
Page P.1120
Threshold
Threshold value for calculating overlaid images,
Page P.1121
Window
t-Test calculation range,
Page P.1121
Dynamic t-cards
Switching on/off storage of generated t-card,
Page P.1120
Starting ignore meas
Number of initial scans excluded from the evaluation,
Page P.1116
Paradigm size
Number of entries in the paradigm table,
Page P.1121
Paradigm table
Table of individual BOLD scans indicating stimulation,
Page P.1122
0.0
F.552
Operator Manual
Examination
Motion correction
Activates or deactivates motion correction,
Page P.1117
Interpolation
Interpolation method used for motion correction,
Page P.1118
Spatial filter
Activates or deactivates the Gaussian filter,
Page P.1119
Filter setting
Window width of the Gaussian filter,
Page P.1119
The number of scans for realtime sequences is set to the
maximum value, Page P.177
Measurements
Number of measurements,
Page P.177
Pause after meas.
Page P.178
Delay in TR
Time between consecutive scans for all ep2d sequences,
Page P.179
Multiple series
The images of each measurement are stored as a separate
series, Page P.180
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syngo MR 2006T
F.553
Diff parameter card
Examination
F.5
The diffusion of water molecules along a field gradient reduces

the MR signal. Signal loss is not as pronounced in areas where
the water molecules are not able to diffuse as quickly. Diffusion-weighted scans are based on such diffusion-dependent
differences in signal intensity.
F.5
The Diff parameter card allows you to set the parameters specific to diffusion-weighted scanning.
F.5
The Diff parameter card is available only if the current scan
protocol is based on a sequence supporting diffusionweighted measurements.
0.0
F.554
Operator Manual
Examination
Diffusion mode
Diffusion-sensitive direction, Page P.1107
Diff. weightings
Number of diffusion weightings, Page P.1108
b-value
Value for diffusion weighting, Page P.1109
Diff. weighted images
Reconstruct original images with diffusion weighting,
Page P.1109
Trace weighted images
Isotropically diffusion-weighted images, i.e. images are averaged in all spatial directions,
Page P.1110
Average ADC maps
Gray-scale values of images show diffusion coefficients
averaged over different directions, Page P.1110
Individual ADC maps
Gray-scale values of images show diffusion coefficients
along a gradient axis, Page P.1111
Noise level
Threshold value of the pixel intensity for calculating ADC
maps, Page P.1111
Diffusion moment (psif sequence only)
Measurement for the strength of diffusion weighting,
Page P.1111
Diff. directions
Number of diffusion-encoding directions
Can be selected only in MDDW mode, otherwise predefined
by the diffusion mode parameter,
Page P.1112
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.555
Perf parameter card
Examination
F.5
One method of MR perfusion imaging is to determine the signal

change in images as a function of time while injecting intravenous contrast agent. Generally, T2*-weighted EPI sequences
with a gadolinium contrast agent are used for this purpose.
F.5
The Perf parameter card is available only if the current scan

protocol is based on a sequence supporting perfusion measurements.
0.0
F.556
Operator Manual
Examination
Global Bolus Plot (GBP)

Calculation of global time/intensity curve, Page P.1114
Percentage of Baseline at Peak map (PBP)
Calculation of signal change compared to the baseline,
Page P.1114
Time To Peak map (TTP)
Calculation of time-to-peak image, Page P.1113
Original images
Save original images, Page P.1113
Number of initial scans excluded from the evaluation,
Page P.1116
Measurements
Page P.177
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.557
Examination
Inline parameter card
F.5
The Inline parameter card is divided into two subcards:
F.5
Common
Breast
Parameter card
Inline-Common
F.5
The Inline Common parameter card allows you to set parameters for dynamic image evaluation.
F.5
In case of scan protocols for angiography examinations, the
Inline parameter card is displayed as Angio Inline subcard.
In case of scan protocols for BOLD scans, diffusion-weighted
scans, or perfusion scans, the Inline parameter card is not
part of the parameter card stack.
0.0
F.558
Operator Manual
Examination
Subtract
Activates or deactivates subtraction,
Page P.1125
Saving images
Saving result images of subtraction,
Page P.1126
Autoscaling
Automatic scaling of result images of subtraction,
Page P.1126
Scaling factor
Entering a scaling factor for the result images of subtraction,
Page P.1127
Offset
Entering an offset value for the result images of subtraction,
Page P.1127
Subtrahend
Defines the series to be subtracted,
Page P.1128
Measurements
Page P.177
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.559
Examination
Std-Dev-Sag
Calculation of standard deviation result images in the sagittal
direction, Page P.1129
Std-Dev-Cor
Calculation of standard deviation result images in the coronal direction, Page P.1129
Std-Dev-Tra
Calculation of standard deviation result images in the transverse direction, Page P.1130
Std-Dev-Time
Calculation of standard deviation result images in chronological sequence, Page P.1130
MIP-Sag
Calculation of MIP images in the sagittal direction,
Page P.1131
MIP-Cor
Calculation of MIP images in the coronal direction,
Page P.1131
MIP-Tra
Calculation of MIP images in the transverse direction,
Page P.1132
MIP-Time
Calculation of MIP images in chronological sequence
(with Inline-Common cannot be activated if MIP-Time is
already activated on the Inline-Breast parameter card),
Page P.1132
Save original images
Saves original images, Page P.1133
0.0
F.560
Operator Manual
Examination
Parameter card
Inline-Breast
F.5
The Inline-Breast parameter card allows you to set parameters

for Soft Tissue Evaluation.
F.5
For protocols for Soft Tissue Evaluation, the Inline parameter card is shown as a sub-card Inline-Common. However,
MIP time is available on this sub-card only if it has not been
activated on the subcard Inline-Breast.
Wash - In
Switching on or off calculation of the signal change in the
starting range of the dynamic measurement series,
Page P.1114
Color table
Color palettes to color-code the parameter cards,
Page P.1115
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.561
Examination
First measurement
First measurement used for the wash-in or wash-out calculation,
Page P.1115
Last measurement
Last measurement used for the wash-in or wash-out calculation,
Page P.1115
Highest value
Defines whether the value of the last measurement or the
highest value between the first and last measurement will be
used for calculation of the wash-in parameter image,
Page P.1115
Wash - Out
Parameter for signal change in the end range of the dynamic
measurement series,
Page P.1116
TTP
Display of the time to signal peak for each voxel,
Page P.1113
0.0
F.562
Operator Manual
Examination
PEI
Positive enhancement integral, area under a signal intensity
- time curve,
Page P.1116
MIP-Time
MIP images, highest pixel value along the time axis,
Page P.1132
Measurements
Page P.177
Pause after meas.
Page P.178
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.563
Examination
Sequence parameter card
F.5
Your system includes a number of different sequence types:
F.5
Gradient echo sequences (GRE, FLASH, Turboflash, True

FISP, MEDIC, PSIF, CISS, DESS)
Spin echo sequences (se)
Turbo spin echo sequences (tse)
HASTE sequences
Single-shot EPI sequences
The Sequence parameter card groups all parameters specific
to a given sequence type. Therefore, the display and input fields
available vary depending on the sequence type selected. The
parameter card is divided into the Part 1 and Part 2 subcards.F.5
The sequence used as a basis for the current protocol is indicated in the right half of the info line above the parameter card
stack.
F.5
A tool tip including the name and type of sequence used will
be displayed if you hold the mouse pointer over the sequence
name.
0.0
F.564
Operator Manual
Examination
Parameter card
Sequence Part 1
F.5
Introduction
Initial knocking signal of the gradient coil,
Page P.188
Dimension
Setting for 2D or 3D scanning, Page P.189
Elliptical scanning
Elliptical k space scanning, Page P.189
Phase stabilization
Prevents phase errors and improves image quality,
Page P.190
Compensate T2 decay
Prevents negative effects of T2 decay,
Page P.190
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.565
Examination
Averaging mode
Method for averaging multiple scans,
Page P.191
Multi-slice mode
Scanning method for multislice acquisition: sequential (slice
by slice) or interleaved (row by row),
Page P.131
Sorting
Acquisition sequence for lines of raw data, Page P.191
Asymmetric echo
Defines whether echo asymmetry is permitted in readout
direction, Page P.192
Contrasts
Number of contrasts, Page P.192
Bandwidth
Readout bandwidth for contrasts, Page P.193
Flow comp.
Flow compensation of moving spins in readout and/or slice
selection direction, Page F.574, Displaying and editing
parameter groups and Page P.194
Allowed delay
Maximum delay until the start of the next scan,
Page P.193
Manual echo spacing
Allows you to define echo spacing, Page P.195
Echo spacing
Distance between echoes in the pulse train, Page P.195
0.0
F.566
Operator Manual
Examination
Parameter card
Sequence Part 2
F.5
Turbo factor
Number of echoes per RF excitation for turbo spin echo
sequences, Page P.196
EPI factor
Number of refocused gradient echoes per RF excitation,
Page P.196
Segments
Number of lines of a raw data matrix acquired during one TR,
Page P.196
Combined echoes
Combination of echoes with different T2 weighting for an
image, Page P.197
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.567
Examination
RF Pulse Type
Radio frequency pulse type, Page P.197
Gradient mode
Gradient performance used, Page P.198
Excitation
Mode for radio frequency pulse, Page P.1100
RF spoiling
Spoiler RF pulse for destroying phase coherence of gradient
echo sequences, Page P.1100
0.0
F.568
Operator Manual
Examination
Working in the parameter card

stack
F.5
The input and orientation tools on and above the parameter

cards help you to quickly and easily adapt a scan protocol.
F.5
Protocol info line
F.5
After opening a scan protocol, the following information is displayed in the protocol info line (directly above the parameter
card stack).
F.5
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.569
Examination
(1) Total scan time of protocol,

using current parameter settings
(2) PAT acceleration factor,
(Is shown when supported by the iPAT sequence):
When PAT is activated, the product of the two acceleration
factors PE and 3D is displayed; when PAT is deactivated,
OFF is shown. If one or both factors exceed the max. recommended acceleration as provided by the system, the
PAT acceleration factor is shown in the protocol info line as
a button with red labeling. When you click the button, the
Tim Assistant dialog is shown and resets acceleration factors PE and 3D to the max. recommended acceleration.
(3) Voxel size,
using current parameter settings
(4) Relative signal-to-noise ratio (SNR),
SNR using current parameter settings relative to the SNR
when opening the protocol.
This allows you to monitor if and to what extent your parameter changes have improved or degraded the signal-tonoise ratio.
(5) Sequence type
0.0
F.570
Operator Manual
Examination
Changing parameter values and observing

value ranges
F.5
Scan settings can be changed in the parameter card stack by

clicking options, selecting options from a list, or changing values using spin boxes.
F.5
However, certain values and settings cannot be freely defined
or combined. The value ranges of some parameters are limited
by the technical capabilities of your scan system. Certain
parameters depend on other measurement parameters. In this
case, changing one parameter value will require that other measurement parameters be changed as well. The scan system
informs you of these limitations.
F.5
Soft limits and extended

limits
F.5
For parameter values that may be modified using spin boxes,

the acceptable value range is displayed as a bar. When you
click or modify a parameter value, the bar appears at the bottom
of the parameter card.
F.5
(1) Soft limits

(2) Extended limits
Within the so-called Soft Limits (green bar), you can freely set
parameter values without affecting other parameters.
F.5
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Within the so-called Extended Limits (red bar), you are still
able to change parameter values. However, changes within
extended limits require that you adjust other measurement
parameters as well.
F.5
If you exceed the Soft Limits, the Scan Assistant dialog box
will open.
F.5
It informs you about the necessary adjustments to other measurement parameters and allows you to decide how to proceed:
F.5
Click the OK button or press the Return key to confirm your

parameter change and the adjustments to other measurement parameters.
Click the Undo button or press the Esc key to cancel your
parameter change.
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Restrictions when
selecting options
F.5
Subsequent changes may be necessary also when checking or

selecting options from lists.
F.5
In selection lists, these entries can be identified by pointed

brackets.
F.5
Checkboxes requiring other parameter changes when selected

are highlighted in red.
F.5
On the +/ buttons, the "+" and "" signs are displayed in red.F.5
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Examination
Displaying and editing parameter groups
F.5
Certain parameters on the cards are grouped in sets. These

parameter groups are indicated by blue brackets.
F.5
This example shows the parameter settings for a slice group. F.5
Expand the selection list of the Slice group field.
You can see how many slice groups are contained in the scan
protocol.
F.5
Select another slice group to display the corresponding slice
parameters.
You can change the parameters of the second group.
F.5
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Examination
Other input or output fields allow you to access parameter

sets.
F.5
In this example, the open scan protocol has several echo

F.5
times.
F.5
Click the arrow buttons in the lower left corner to scroll the
echo times for the protocol.
The echo time currently displayed is indicated by square brackets.
F.5
Click the arrow buttons of the spin box to change the value of
the echo time currently displayed.
Press the Return key or switch to another input field to confirm your parameter change.
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Adding or deleting graphic objects
F.5
You usually use the graphic method to plan regions or volumes

that will be excited when a protocol is run. You do this using the
mouse and the graphic slice positioning tool bar. You are able
to move, add, or delete slice or slab groups or saturation
regions within the reference images.
F.5
Alternatively, you can use the parameter card stack to plan new
objects or delete objects no longer needed.
F.5
New group or region
F.5
Click the Plus button next to the selection list.

The new slice/slab group or saturation region is added to the
selected reference image. It is slightly offset compared to the
existing outermost object to avoid overlap.
F.5
Move the new group or region to the desired position and
adjust the orientation as required.
You can either use the mouse for graphical editing within the reference image or the Position and Orientation dialog boxes to
work with maximum precision.
F.5
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Examination
Deleting a group
or region
F.5
Select the slice/slab group or saturation region you want to

delete from the selection lists.
Click the Minus button to remove the group from the scan
protocol.
Or
F.5
Select Delete from the context menu for graphic slice positioning.
Adjusting the orientation and position of

graphic objects
F.5
Similar to adding and deleting objects, you will normally position

objects graphically in the reference images using the mouse. F.5
Alternatively, you can use the parameter cards to position
objects with more precision.
F.5
Setting the slice
orientation at a
precise angle
F.5
Select the slice/slab group or saturation region for which you

want to change the orientation.
Next, select one of the three main orientations from the Orientation selection list.
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Or
F.5
Open the Orientation dialog box by clicking the button next

to the selection list.
Select the tilt direction (single slice) and enter a flip angle.
Page P.18
Enter a flip angle for the direction of the third orientation
plane if you want to generate a double-oblique slice.
Close the dialog box to confirm your settings.
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Entering the slice position

with millimeter precision F.5
Select the slice/slab group or saturation region for which you
want to change the parameters.
Next, select Isocenter from the Position list to position the
slice/slab group or saturation region in the magnet isocenter.
Or
F.5
Click the button next to the selection list to display the Position dialog box.
Under Position mode, select the mode you want to use.

Depending on the position mode selected, the Position dialog
box offers different options.
F.5
F.5
NOTE
During volume positioning (e.g., VOI, adjustment volume),
you always work in L-P-H mode.
The Position mode selection list is not available.
F.5
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In both modes, you proceed by defining the shift of the center

of the object from the magnet isocenter.
F.5
L-P-H
This mode allows you to enter the shift based on the patient
coordinate system.
L - to the left (negative value for shift to the right)
P - to posterior (negative value for shift to anterior)
H - in direction of the head (negative value for shift in direction of the feet)
Offcenter shift
This mode allows you to enter the shift in the gradient directions:
Phase - in phase-encoding direction
Read - in readout direction
Shift - in slice selection direction
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C AU T I O N
When exchanging image data generated with the Numaris
predecessor software, please note the following: syngo MR
and Numaris use different patient coordinate systems. As
a result, the slice position and orientation may have different
signs.
F.5
The selected position mode is maintained after the current

positioning. When you open the Position dialog box the next
time (even from another protocol), the position mode previously selected is still applied.
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Keyboard operation
F.5
You can use both the mouse and the keyboard to select parameter cards from the stack or select and edit parameters.
F.5
The table below lists all actions in the parameter card stack that
may be performed via the keyboard as well.
F.5
F.5
Action
Keyboard operation
Go to the next parameter card
Ctrl + right arrow
Go to the previous parameter card
Ctrl + left arrow
Go to the next parameter sub-card
Ctrl + Shift + right arrow
Go to the previous sub-card
Ctrl + Shift + left arrow
Go to the next parameter
Tab
Go to the previous parameter
Shift + Tab
Increase numerical value
Up arrow
Decrease numerical value
Down arrow
Accept numerical value
Enter or continue to next parameter (Tab)
Scroll to next parameter in the parameter set
Up arrow or right arrow
Scroll to previous parameter in the parameter set
Down arrow or left arrow
Scroll to first parameter in the parameter set
Home
Scroll to last parameter in the parameter set
End
Activate/deactivate checkbox
Enter or space bar
Expand/collapse selection list
Enter
Select entry from selection list
Up/down/right/left arrow
or Home - to first entry
or End - to last entry
Apply entry from selection list
Return or Esc or continue to next parameter (Tab)
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Action
Select button (e.g., for coil selection)
Toggle checkbox or disable button selection
Keyboard operation
Enter or space bar
Press Esc key while at same time pressing
Return or Space bar
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Accepting measurement parameter

settings
F.5
After adapting the measurement parameters of the open protocol to your requirements, save the new settings and close the
protocol.
F.5
F.5
Click the Apply button to accept your changes.

Or
F.5
Select Edit > Apply from the main menu or Apply from the
context menu of the program control (right mouse button).
When protocol reaches the top of the job list, it is loaded into the
scan system. Depending on the start mode selected, the system starts scanning automatically or waits for your start command.
F.5
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Examination
Copying measurement
parameters
F.5
After adjusting measurement parameters, you can apply them

to other protocols not currently open.
F.5
You can copy the settings and values of entire parameter
groups from one protocol to another. This saves time during
parameter entry and completion of the protocols.
F.5
Open the protocol to which you want to apply the parameters

of another protocol.
Page F.42, Opening a protocol
Select the protocol containing the parameters you wish to
copy (single click in the program control).
Select Queue > Copy Parameter from the main menu or
Copy Parameter from the context menu.
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The Copy Parameter Groups dialog box is displayed.
F.5
Select a parameter group and click OK to copy the corresponding settings.

The selected parameters are applied to the open scan protocol.
F.5
Parameter groups
F.5
The following table lists the parameters of the different parameter groups.
F.5
Please note that some parameters are assigned to several
parameter groups.
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F.5
Parameter group
Parameters
Center of slice/
slab groups & sat. regions
Coil elements
Position, orientation of slices or slabs
Position, orientation, thickness of the saturation regions
Inplane rotation angle of slice groups
Position, orientation, rotation, and thickness of the navigators
Extent of navigators in the phase-encoding and read-out direction
Center of slice/
slab groups & sat. regions with
plane rotation
Coil elements
Position, orientation, and rotation of slices or slabs
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Parameter group
Examination
Parameters
Measurement parameters
Coil elements
Phase FOV
Read FOV
Slice thickness
Base resolution
Phase resolution
Phase oversampling
Slices per slab
Slice resolution
Slice oversampling
Number of slice/slab groups
Number of slices (or slabs) per slice group
(or slab group)
Position, orientation, distance factor, phase-encoding direction
of the slice/slab groups
Number of sat. regions
Special sats (parallel or tracking saturation regions)
including thickness and distance (gap)
Saturation mode
VOI (for spectroscopy scans)
Interpolation resolution (for CSI protocols)
Slices
Coil elements
Slice thickness
Slices per slab
(or slab group)
Position, orientation, distance factor of the slice/slab groups
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Parameter group
Parameters
Saturation

Saturation mode
Slices & sat. regions
Coil elements
Slice thickness
Slices per slab
(or slab group)
Position, orientation, distance factor of the slice/slab groups
Saturation mode
Adjustment volume
Shim mode
Position, orientation, extent of the adjustment volume
Everything
All parameter settings including sequence
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Inconsistencies
F.5
Examination
In case of inconsistencies between the parameter settings of

the source and target protocol, the Please Confirm message
window is displayed.
F.5
This message window appears in the following cases:
F.5
At least one parameter of the group to be copied cannot be

copied or not copied completely.
And/or
F.5
At least one additional parameter has to be adapted to allow

copying of the parameters of the selected group (e.g., number of links).
Click OK to accept the new settings and correct inconsistencies.
Or
F.5
Click Cancel to discard the settings.

Enter the measurement parameters manually.
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Examination
Saving the Job List
F.5
You can save a scan program in the joblist under a new program
name after adapting its protocols. This allows you to reuse protocols adapted during the examination for subsequent examinations.
F.5
Select Queue > Save As Program from the main menu or

Save As Program from the context menu of the program
control (right mouse button).
The Exam Explorer is opened and displays the Save Program
As [Customer Tree] dialog box. You can enter a name for the
new scan program and assign it to an examination region and
examination.
Page F.1661, Saving the scan program under a new nameF.5
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Saving a single scan protocol
F.5
Instead of the entire job list, you can also save individual protocols in the job list. This involves transferring the protocol to the
Exam Explorer.
F.5
Call up the Exam Explorer.
Page F.163, Calling up the Exam Explorer
In its navigation area, open the data level for the scan program where you want to save the protocol.
Page F.1612, Finding a scan program
You can only save the protocol in a scan program of the customer level (USER).
Click the required protocol in the job list of the Exam task
card.
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Keeping the left mouse button pressed, drag-and-drop the

selected scan protocol into the content area of the Exam
Explorer.
Select Object > Save from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.5
Click this button on the tool bar.

The protocol transferred to the Exam Explorer is saved with
F.5
the corresponding program.
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Examination
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Operator Manual
Performing a routine
examination
CHAPTER
F.6
F.6
After completion of exam-related preparations, you acquired a

localizer and graphically planned the slice or slab groups for the
examination in the reference images. Any necessary changes
to measurement parameters have been made.
F.6
Routine scan
procedure
F.6
Once you have finished adapting the parameters of the first protocol, apply the new settings.
F.6
The protocol is closed and the system automatically starts running this protocol. Once this protocol has been completed, the
system automatically starts running the next protocol unless it
is marked by an icon as not ready for measurement.
F.6
Utilizing scan times
F.6
Protocols usually take some time to run. This time can be used
to prepare the following protocols or for postprocessing tasks.F.6
After the initial scans have started, you can edit the portion of
the job list not yet measured using the program control. You can
complete the parameters of pending protocols and plan the
examination sequence.
Page F.639, Processing the job list while scans are being
performed
F.6
You can also use the time to view, evaluate, comment, or film
images of a series that has already run.
Part G, Part H, Part O
F.6
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Stopping an examination
F.6
Examination
If the measurement procedure is interrupted (e.g., by patient

movement) or you determine that all necessary images have
been scanned, you can interrupt scanning at any time.
F.6
This does not affect the remaining program sequence.
F.6
Repeating scans
F.6
Protocols that have been interrupted can be repeated at any

time. You decide whether to repeat the most recent protocol
only or a complete section of the job list.
F.6
Starting scans manually
F.6
Breath-hold scans to prevent motion artifacts are started manually. The protocol is automatically loaded into the scan system
but does not start until you manually give the command.
F.6
For kinematic examinations, you can run protocols any number
of times. In this case, start a protocol manually and run it as
many times as required to complete all necessary scans.
F.6
Contrast agent
examinations
F.6
For examinations using contrast agent, the scan program

includes pauses to administer the contrast agent.
Page F.71, Using a contrast agent
F.6
Alternatively, you can perform contrast agent examinations
using multiple scans.
Page F.624, Starting a protocol manually - multiple scans
F.6
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Examination
Scans with patient

instructions
F.6
Before and after scans, you can automatically add patient

instructions in different languages via protocols or manually
play back voice-overs.
F.6
Automatic position
suggestion
F.6
If you have a license for AutoAlign, the system performs slice

positioning for head examinations, automatically and reproducibly, independent of the positioning of the patient's head.
Page F.191, Automatic Position Suggestion
F.6
Jobs
F.6
If you have the necessary license and your system is connected

to a hospital information system (HIS), you can receive jobs for
your MR system from the HIS via the network. When you register a patient, a reference to the job is created in the form of
steps that appear as a range marker in the job list. All services
rendered are automatically entered in the job. The information
for the procedure step is now available for further processing
within the hospital.
Page D.68, Editing the performance documentation
F.6
Conflict management
F.6
Before and during a scan, inconsistencies may occur between

the scan program and the actual settings at the system (e.g.,
the coils actually connected do not match the coil configuration
on the System Coils parameter card). The system detects
inconsistencies and helps you to eliminate them by displaying
messages.
F.6
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Examination
Displaying the job list in the

program control
F.6
The program control allows you to trace and modify the course
of an examination including all scans.
F.6
The program instructions are color-coded depending on the
processing status:
F.6
Executed protocols have a dark-gray background
Protocols that are currently running are shown with a white
background
Opened protocols are marked with bars in light gray that are
pushed to the right
Protocols that are pending are shown against a light gray
background
completed protocol
Series
icon
current scan
open scan
pending protocols
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Tooltip
F.6
If you position and hold the mouse pointer over the name of a
program instruction, a tool tip displays the following information:
F.6
The full name of the program instruction.
A short comment if entered in the properties dialog box.
Icons to identify the

protocols
F.6
Icons before or after the protocol names identify additional

properties of the program instructions.
F.6
A protocol marked with a construction worker icon cannot be

automatically started at this processing state because the
parameters are still incomplete.
F.6
The incomplete data usually relates to the positioning of the
slices to be measured. All other data are typically predefined by
the scan program.
Page F.41, Positioning Slices
F.6
A protocol identified by a flagman needs to be started manually.
This is required e.g. for breath-hold scans.
F.6
A protocol identified by a flagman with several flags can be

started and measured several times in a row. This is required
e.g. for kinematic examinations.
F.6
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Examination
This symbol identifies protocols involving automatic image

postprocessing following the measurement, e.g. adding or subtracting series.
F.6
If you have planned a contrast agent pause for your scan program, the subsequent scans will be marked with a syringe icon
indicating contrast agent scans.
F.6
On a protocol with this icon, patient instructions are automatically played before and/or after scanning.
F.6
F.6
If you insert a protocol in the job list that is marked as including

automatic patient instructions although it does not have voice
output, the program is identified with an icon by the program
control following the appropriate message.
Page F.655, Program instruction with a patient instruction F.6
A protocol that is the target of a copy reference for which the
copy reference exists is marked with this icon. The number next
to the icon indicates the source of the copy reference.
F.6
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Copy references crossed out in red are not valid. Invalid copy
references occur when parameters change or when there are
parameter conflicts between the source and target protocol.
They cannot be included in a scan.
F.6
When you load a scan program into the job list for the first time,
the estimated scan time is displayed in addition to all program
instructions. Protocols displaying scan times are pending.
The scan time displayed next to a multiple-loading protocol indicates the duration of a single repetition.
The scan time is also shown in the Exam Explorer and the protocol overview.
Symbols of series in
program instructions
F.6
Once program instructions are processed and the images have

been calculated, the series icon is displayed to the right of the
protocol name in the program control. The symbol shows the
status or event of the program instruction to be processed:
Start of scan.
First images of the first series have been reconstructed.
During the scan, only one series was generated; the images of
this series were fully reconstructed.
Several series were generated during the scan; only part of the
images are fully reconstructed.
Several series were generated during the scan; all series are
fully reconstructed.
Page F.35, Loading a series from the program control
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Examination
Protocols that have been canceled or skipped are identified by

a lightning icon to the left of the protocol name in the program
control.
Information in the
status bar
The status bar shows information while a scan is in progress. F.6

F.6
Information about the current status of the program control is

shown in the left section (e.g. that the patient has not yet
been positioned, program instructions have not yet been
inserted, or the program control is waiting for input/actions).
Results and error messages are shown in the middle section.
Scan is aborted due

to a system error
F.6
If a system error occurs during a scan, the scan will be aborted

automatically and marked as such.
F.6
Indicates that image calculation has been canceled.

F.6
Indicates that calculation has been canceled by the scanner.
F.6
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Range markers
F.6
Within the job list, range markers provide information about different properties that are valid across multiple protocols.
F.6
These range markers indicate whether (and which) image comments have been entered for the scanned images.
Page F.913, Editing an image comment
F.6
This range marker indicates the body region examined.

Page F.93, Editing a body region instruction range
F.6
This range marker indicates that a job exists for the examination.
Page F.95, Editing a work step in the instruction area
F.6
The range marker for a step can have one of the following
modes:
F.6
The step has been completed.
F.6
The examinations of a step have been canceled.
F.6
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F.6
Examination
Scan procedure for a routine

examination
F.6
After graphic slice positioning in the reference images and

checking the routine measurement parameters of your first protocol, you can apply the settings.
Page F.584, Accepting measurement parameter settings F.6
For the most part, routine examinations run automatically.
F.6
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Running complete protocols
F.6
After completing the graphic slice positioning for the first protocol, you close the protocol. It is loaded into the scan system.
Scanning will start automatically.
F.6
While the scan is in progress, the protocol is displayed with a
white background in the job list. The remaining scan time is indicated in the status bar.
F.6
The images of the protocol are reconstructed immediately while
scanning is in progress. After image reconstruction has been
completed, the series icon is displayed.
F.6
If the next protocol has executable status (no construction
worker icon), it will start immediately following the first protocol.F.6
Series
icon
current scan
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Examination
Completing and running a protocol with a

construction worker icon
F.6
A protocol cannot be started automatically unless the slice positions have been adjusted in the reference images.
F.6
These protocols are marked by a construction worker icon in
the job list.
F.6
Incomplete protocols ready to be run are opened automatically.
F.6
Position the slices or slabs.
Make necessary parameter changes on the cards of the
parameter card stack.
The protocol is closed and the scan is started.
F.6
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Setting a protocol to
executable without
checking
You can mark a scan protocol identified by a construction

worker icon as executable without checking it.
F.6
F.6
Select the protocol from the job list.

Right-click and select the Complete option from the context
menu. A checkmark appears next to the menu item.
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Or
F.6
Select Edit > Properties from the main menu or Properties

from the context menu.
Or
F.6
Press the Alt + Return keys on your keyboard.

The Protocol step properties dialog box opens.
F.6
Go to the Execution subtask card.
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Examination
Select the Start measurement without further preparation checkbox.

Click OK.
The protocol is set to executable and the construction worker

icon is removed. The protocol may now be started.
F.6
You can also use this method to manually reset scan protocols
with executable parameters to not executable. Deselect the
checkbox. The protocol will stop when it is ready to run.
F.6
F.6
NOTE
If you set a protocol to executable without checking to start
the protocol immediately, the table immediately moves to
the table position entered in the protocol if it does not match
the table position currently set.
F.6
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Examination
Playing back patient instructions manually
F.6
If you want to play back breathing or other patient instructions

in the examination room, you can use the voice outputs. They
are available in various languages.
F.6
Playing back an existing

voice output
F.6
Select Queue > Voice Output > Play... from the main menu
or Voice Output from the context menu in the outer area of
the program control.
The Voice Output dialog box opens.
F.6
F.6
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Select the language from the selection list.

Select the required patient instruction.
Click the Play back button.
The selected voice output will be played back.
F.6
Recording patient
instructions
F.6
If the list of voice outputs does not contain the patient instruction you require, you can record it.
Page F.1121, Changing a voice output
F.6
Voice outputs can be recorded or edited only if no patient is currently registered.
F.6
If you have already registered the patient to be examined,
close the examination again if necessary.
Page F.620, Closing a patient
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Closing a routine examination
F.6
An examination is complete after all program instructions in the

program control have been processed and all images have
been reconstructed.
F.6
All protocols
completed
All program instructions are now marked with the series icon. F.6
F.6
Series
icon
You can close the examination after determining that you do not
have to perform additional scans or repeat protocols.
F.6
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Moving the table out

of the magnet
The patient table is moved completely out of the magnet bore.F.6

F.6
Use the Table Positioning dialog box or move the patient table
using the buttons on the control unit near the magnet bore.
Chapter F.8, Positioning the Patient Table and System
Manual
F.6
Closing the examination
F.6
The current examination is complete once you have moved the

patient table into the HOME position, i.e., completely out of the
magnet.
F.6
You can now return the patient to the ward.
Subsequently, you can register a new patient.
F.6
Job
completing
F.6
After all scans of the examination and all planned postprocessing steps have been completed, and the series have been
transferred to the film sheet or printed, you can complete the
procedure step.
F.6
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Closing a patient
F.6
Examination
If you release the last patient at the end of the working day,
reset the program control to its original state.
F.6
Select Patient > Close Patient from the main menu.
Or
F.6
Right-click the name of the patient in the program control and

select Close Patient from the context menu.
The job list is removed from the program control. All functions
of the program control are disabled.
F.6
If you need to correct the data of a registered patient during

an examination, you have to remove the patient from the job
list first by selecting Close Patient.
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Examination
Starting a protocol manually
F.6
Some protocols should be started manually, e.g. protocols

requiring breath-hold commands. It is helpful to have the scan
system stop after the adjustments and wait for a manual start
command.
F.6
Protocols that have to be started manually are marked by a flagman icon in the job list.
F.6
Flagman
The start mode of a protocol (manual or automatic) can be set
using the Execution subtask card in the Protocol step properties dialog box.
F.6
N OT E
You always start multiple breath-hold scans from the Inline
Display.
Page F.1026, Starting multiple breath-hold scans F.6
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Starting a protocol manually - single scan
F.6
Manual protocols can be started and run only once or several

times in a row.
F.6
A protocol that you want to start manually and run once is automatically loaded into the scan system. After completion of
adjustment, the program control waits for your start commandF.6
The Exam paused dialog box is displayed.
F.6
F.6
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Give the breath-hold instructions. Subsequently, start the measurement via Continue or the F12 key. The system does not
have to load parameters or perform adjustments. This saves
time and reduces patient stress.
F.6
You can give breath-hold instructions automatically before or
after the scan.
Page F.129, Playing back voice output
Starting the
measurement
F.6
Click the Continue button to start scanning immediately and

close the Exam paused dialog box.
Or
F.6
Click the Close button to close the Exam paused dialog box.
And
F.6
Click the Continue button in the program control or select

Continue from the context menu.
As an alternative, you can start the measurement via the F12
key.
Canceling the
measurement
F.6
Click the Skip button to close the Exam paused dialog box.
The loaded protocol is not run and the next program instruction is initiated.
The protocol is marked "canceled."
F.6
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Examination
Starting a protocol manually - multiple scans
F.6
Some protocols have to be started manually several times (e.g.

a contrast agent, breath-hold examination of the liver). A series
of the region of interest is acquired at regular intervals to document the progress of contrast agent uptake. The protocol is
repeated using the breath-hold technique until all necessary
data have been acquired.
F.6
The Exam paused dialog box opens as soon as the program
control comes across this protocol while the program instructions are running.
F.6
Another application for multiple scanning includes kinematic

examinations (e.g. when examining a joint).
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Starting the protocol
F.6
Click the Continue button to start the first scan.

The protocol starts.
F.6

key.
Icon for multiple

loading/starting
The Exam paused dialog box closes and reopens once the
system is ready for the next scan.
F.6
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Starting the next scan
F.6
Examination
The protocol parameters and slice position may not be modified

during the pause.
F.6
Next, click the Continue button again in the Exam pause
dialog box to run the protocol a second time.
The same scan protocol as before is added to the job list and
measured a second time.
F.6
key.
Completed protocol
Next running protocol
Protocols that have already run are numbered and appear in

front of the multiple protocol. This shows you the sequence of
scans.
F.6
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Timing scans with

countdown
F.6
Contrast-enhanced examinations often require a precisely

timed sequence of scans, especially following contrast agent
administration.
F.6
Three fields are available to help you time the required

sequence of successive scans:
F.6
The countdown input field helps you plan the start of the
next scan.
The break time display field indicates the time since the end
of the previous scan.
The time elapsed since the start of the first scan of the current multiple scan is displayed in the total time display field.
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Enter the length of the pause in seconds in the Countdown

field.
Click the Start button.

The Start button will change to Hold and the length of the
pause is counted down.
F.6
The total time elapsed since the pause dialog box was opened
is counted as well and displayed in the break time display
field.
F.6
After the pause, the countdown field continues to count the
time and displays it as a negative number.
Clicking the Hold button interrupts the timer in the countdown
field or stops it after the pause. This allows you to reenter a
pause time.
F.6
Interrupting the countdown does not interrupt the break time
and total time.
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Interrupting scanning
F.6
Sometimes it is necessary to stop a scan, e.g. if the patient

moves.
F.6
F.6
Click the Stop button in the program control.

Or
F.6
Select Queue > Stop from the main menu.

Or
F.6
Right-click the outer area of the program control and select

Stop Running Step from the context menu.
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Or
Examination
F.6
Press the F3 key on your keyboard.

The scan stops immediately. The protocol is stopped and
F.6
marked with a cancellation icon (lightning).
Cancellation icon
You can also interrupt a scan in the examination room by

using the STOP button on the control unit near the magnet
bore.
see System Manual
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Scan is aborted due to a

system error
F.6
If a system error occurs during a scan, the scan will be aborted

automatically and marked as such.
F.6
The icons on the left are displayed on the status bar.
Page F.68, Scan is aborted due to a system error
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Stopping one scan and

starting the next
F.6
Examination
You may stop a scan in progress and immediately start the next
scan. This is used, e.g. during contrast agent uptake to subsequently start a high-resolution protocol.
F.6
You can monitor the contrast agent uptake with the first localizer. As soon as it becomes visible in the image, you can start
the next high-resolution sequence for imaging.
F.6
Use the Stop button or the menu items to stop the scan in
progress.
F.6
Click the Continue button to start the next scan.

Or
F.6
Select Queue > Continue from the main menu.

Or
F.6
Press the Shift + F3 keys on your keyboard.

Or
F.6
Select Continue Execution from the context menu in the

(left-hand) outer margin of the Program Control.
You can also continue scanning by using the START button at
the magnet bore in the examination room.
Refer to the System Manual
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Skipping a program
instruction
F.6
You may skip a program instruction in the job list that has not
yet run and is open for editing.
F.6
Click the Skip button.
Or
F.6
Select Skip Next Step from the context menu in the left margin of the program control.
The skipped program instruction is marked with a canceled icon
(lightning) and has a dark gray background.
F.6
You can now resume the examination with the next program
instruction.
F.6
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Repeating scans
F.6
You may repeat individual as well as entire sections of previously processed program instructions.
F.6
In some cases (e.g., if you need to reposition the patient), it may
be necessary to scan the entire job list again.
F.6
Repeating a canceled
protocol
It is possible to repeat a canceled protocol.

F.6
F.6
Select the canceled protocol from the job list.

Select Queue > Rerun from the main menu.
Or
F.6
Select Rerun from the context menu.

The protocol is automatically started and processed again.
F.6
Repeating previously
processed protocols
Select the protocol you would like to repeat.

F.6
Select Add from the context menu (right mouse button).

Or
F.6
Select Queue > Add.

The selected program instruction will be copied and appended
to the end of the job list.
F.6
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Repeating multiple
program instructions
F.6
Similarly, you may rerun several program instructions up to the

protocol you have just stopped.
F.6
Select the program instruction from which you want to repeat
all subsequent protocols.
Select Queue > Rerun from the main menu or Rerun from
the context menu.
The selected protocol will be automatically started and all subsequent, previously processed program instructions will be
repeated.
F.6
If you skipped the selected protocol the first time, it may still
have the status incomplete. This protocol is automatically
opened for completion.
Repeat entire queue
F.6
If you interrupted an examination, for example, because of a

serious error, you can reset the job list and start the examination again.
(Example: you notice that the patient was not positioned optimally on the patient table and you want to reposition the
patient).
F.6
Select the first program instruction.
Select Queue > Rerun from the main menu or Rerun from
the context menu.
All protocols previously processed will be run again.
F.6
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Defining a new center position
Examination
F.6
Resetting the table position to zero allows you to start a new

series block. The current table position is now defined as the
center position.
F.6
Setting the table

position to zero
Select Patient > Reset Table Position from the main menu.
F.6
Or
F.6
Place the mouse pointer on the patient name in the program

control and select Reset Table Position from the context
menu (right mouse button).
All planning images in the graphic segments and all series symbols in the program control are removed from protocols that
have already run.
F.6
All protocols ready for measurement are reset to incomplete if
indicated as such in the property dialog box. They must be
planned again.
F.6
The job list in the program control is now ready for scanning
again.
F.6
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Scanning an open protocol more than once
F.6
For examinations with scans that differ only slightly in their protocol parameters (e.g. for cardiac and angio applications), you
may perform the scans with an open protocol.
F.6
When you repeatedly scan an open protocol, it is not necessary to close protocols following each parameter change with
Apply and then reopen the job list again.
Change your parameters as required.
Select Queue > Scan Opened Protocol from the main
menu or Scan Opened Step from the context menu in the
left (outer) margin of the program control.
Or
F.6
Click the Scan button in the Program Control.
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A copy of the open protocol is generated and inserted in the job

list below the open protocol.
F.6
The protocol is complete and ready to run immediately. The

protocol will be performed as soon as it reaches its turn in the
job list.
F.6
You may repeat this process as often as necessary.
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Processing the job list while scans

are being performed
F.6
Scanning individual protocols usually takes some time. You can

reduce the duration of the overall examination by effectively
using the scan time for postprocessing and preparing the scan
sequence. This eliminates unnecessary stress from the patient.
F.6
Completing protocols
F.6
While the first protocols are in progress, you may check and
complete the parameter settings of subsequent protocols. This
allows you to avoid unnecessary pauses between individual
scans.
F.6
Opening a protocol
F.6
Double-click a protocol in the section of the job list that is still

pending.
Or
F.6
Select the protocol and click the Open button.
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The protocol opens. Its measurement parameters are displayed

in the parameter card stack. You may add to these parameters
or modify them, if necessary.
F.6
Then click the Apply button.
The protocol closes. It is now complete and executable.
F.6
Opening the next

protocol for editing
F.6
Even if a protocol is open, you can open and edit an additional

program instruction from the part of the job list that is still pending. Any changes you have made have to be saved first.
F.6
Double-click another protocol in the section of the job list that
still needs to be executed.
Or
F.6
Select the protocol and click the Open button.

The already opened protocol is closed, and the Apply
Changes dialog box appears (even if you have not made any
changes).
F.6
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Select the Make Protocol Complete option to "complete"

the program instruction.
If this option is activated, you must open the protocol again
before scanning and switch it to complete.
Click Yes to accept the changed parameter settings of the

protocol last opened.
The program instruction is now ready to run.
F.6
Or
F.6
Click No to reject the parameter changes.

Or
F.6
Click Cancel to continue editing the last protocol to be

opened.
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Viewing parameters of
protocols previously run
F.6
Examination
You may also view the parameters of protocols that have been
run already. This enables you to compare the parameters of
previous protocols with the program instructions to be run. F.6
Double-click a previously scanned protocol.
Or
F.6
Select a previously scanned protocol by clicking it.

Select Edit > View Protocol from the main menu or View
Protocol from the context menu (right mouse button).
The Step Protocol number - Protocol name (read-only) window opens. The parameters may be viewed but not changed. F.6
Move the window across the screen so that the parameter
card stack is visible. This enables you to compare the measurement parameters of a previously scanned protocol with
those of a protocol still to be performed.
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Applying parameter settings
F.6
To apply the parameter settings of one protocol to another protocol, copy the parameter settings or set a copy reference.
F.6
Copying parameters
from a protocol
F.6
First open the (target) protocol into which you want to copy
the parameters (double-click).
Select the (source) protocol from which you wish to transfer
the settings (single-click).
Select Queue > Copy Parameter from the main menu or
Copy Parameter from the context menu.
In the Copy Parameter Groups dialog box, select the
parameter group with the settings you want to copy.
Page F.585, Copying measurement parameters
It does not matter if the source protocol is positioned behind
the target protocol in the job list.
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Copying parameters from

an image in the GSP
segment
F.6
Examination
You may also select a GSP segment for copying parameter settings, if the GSP segment contains an image, the protocol of
which is still pending in the job list.
F.6
First open the (target) protocol into which you want to copy
the parameters (double-click).
Place the mouse pointer on the GSP segment containing the
image.
Select Copy Parameter from the context menu in this segment.
In the Copy Parameter Groups dialog box, select the
parameter group with the settings you want to copy.
Parameter conflicts may occur on copying parameters settings.

A message box will indicate the conflict.
Page F.649, Inconsistencies in parameter settings
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Setting a copy reference
F.6
Copy references provide another way of transferring parameter

settings from one protocol to another. This simplifies manual
copying of parameter settings.
F.6
Select a pending target protocol from the section of the job
list.
Select Edit > Properties from the main menu or Properties
Or
F.6
Press the Alt + Return keys on your keyboard.
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Examination
F.6
Go to the Copy References subtask card.
Check the Copy reference is active checkbox.

Once the copy reference has been activated, the Source protocol step and Copy parameter group lists are available. F.6
In the Source protocol step list, select the protocol with the
parameter settings you want to copy.
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This list contains all the protocols located in front of the

selected protocol in the scan program that are not the target of
a copy reference.
F.6
In the Copy parameter group list, select the parameters to

be copied from the source to the target protocol.
Only parameter groups may be copied with a copy reference,
not single parameters.
F.6
Click OK to close the Protocol step properties dialog box.
The target protocol is now marked by a reference icon in the job
list.
F.6
Reference symbol
The number next to the reference symbol identifies the source
protocol with the settings to be copied.
F.6
You cannot see which parameter group has been applied. To
view this information you need to reopen the properties window.
Parameter conflicts may occur when setting copy references. A
message box will indicate the conflict.
F.6
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Updating a copy
reference
F.6
Examination
If a target protocol has a copy reference, the referenced parameter settings are copied and updated from the source protocol
to the selected program instruction.
F.6
Select the target protocol with a reference icon.
Select Queue > Update Copy Reference from the main
menu or Update Copy Reference from the context menu.
The copy reference will be updated and used in the scanning
process.
F.6
Parameter conflicts may occur when you update parameter settings from a source to a target protocol. A message box will indicate the conflict.
F.6
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Inconsistencies in parameter settings
F.6
The Confirm Parameter Changes message box will be displayed in case of inconsistencies between the source and target protocol for the parameter settings, that is, parameter settings are not valid or executable.
F.6
The message box displayed includes proposals for resolving

the conflict.
F.6
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Parameter change by
copying
Examination
F.6
F.6
Click OK.
The new settings are applied. This resolves the inconsistency.F.6
Or
F.6
Click Cancel.
The new settings are not applied.
F.6
Parameter change
by copy reference
Click OK.
F.6
The suggestion is applied and a valid copy reference is set.
Or
F.6
Click Cancel.
The new settings are not applied. The copy reference has been
F.6
recorded by the system, however, it is not valid.
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Copy reference for

multiple target protocols
F.6
Updating copy references may cause multiple conflicts when

several target protocols are updated.
F.6
The message box Confirm Parameter Changes appears.
F.6
F.6
Applying all parameter

changes
Select the Confirm checkbox and click OK.

F.6
The parameters are copied to all target protocols.
F.6
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Not applying parameter

changes
F.6
Examination
You have a choice to not involve certain target protocols in the

suggested parameter change.
F.6
Use the <Back and Next> buttons to switch between target
protocols.
If the Confirm checkbox is not selected, the suggested
change will not be applied even if you close the window with
OK.
Making a source protocol

complete
F.6
Select the Make Protocols Complete checkbox and click

OK.
The source protocol is set to complete.
F.6
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Inserting new program instructions
F.6
You can add further program instructions in the job list in addition to the given scan program.
F.6
Inserting a new protocol
F.6
Click the Program parameter card to move it into foreground.

Select the required protocol.
Click the << button on the Program parameter card to
append the selected protocol to the end of the job list.
Or
F.6

Or
F.6

Or
F.6

Select a protocol in the Exam Explorer.
Select Tools > Append To Queue.
Or
F.6
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The selected protocol is appended to the end of the job list.
F.6
You may now position the protocol at the required location

among the pending protocols.
Page F.660, Changing scan sequence
F.6
Or
F.6
Press the mouse button and drag the required protocol from
the Program parameter card or the Exam Explorer to the
job list (drag & drop).
Release the mouse button when the mouse pointer is at the
correct position.
If you drag the protocol into the empty part of the program
control, the program instruction will be placed at the end of
the job list.
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Program instruction with a

patient instruction
F.6
For example, you have selected a protocol with voice output or

included patient instructions for automatic playback via the protocol properties.
F.6
When you insert the protocol into the job list the system checks
whether the voice outputs are available in the set language.
F.6
If the voice outputs are available, the protocol is marked with a

loudspeaker icon in the job list.
F.6
Or
F.6
A message box opens if the voice outputs are not available. The
protocol is then marked with a crossed out loudspeaker icon in
the job list.
F.6
F.6
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Examination
Click OK and announce your instructions over the intercom

system.
There are also other ways to respond to the message:
F.6
You can set another language.

Page F.118, Setting playback of voice outputs
You can record the voice output in the set language.
Page F.1121, Changing a voice output
If you close the message box without switching languages or
recording a new patient instruction, a message box will
appear when you start the affected protocol. You will be
prompted to remove the missing voice outputs from the protocol and speak the instructions through the intercom.
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Examination
Inserting a new pause
F.6
Select Queue > New Pause from the main menu or New
Pause from the context menu in the outer margin of the Program Control.
The Pause step properties dialog box is displayed.
F.6
Enter a Name and, if necessary, a Description in the input

fields.
Click OK.
The new pause is appended to the end of the job list. You can
now move the pause to the correct position.
F.6
If you want the pause to be a contrast agent pause, you can
define contrast agent administration on the Contrast agent
subtask card.
Page F.715, Inserting and planning contrast agent pauses
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Generating a protocol from acquired images

(Phoenix)
F.6
You may reconstruct a new protocol from acquired series or single images and add it to the job list. For this purpose, you may
select images from different sources (stamp segments, large
segments, or Patient Browser).
F.6
Select a series or image from the stamp segments of the
Maestro layout, from the large image segments, or from the
Patient Browser.
F.6
NOTE
For images ore series scanned with a different software
version, or generated at another Magnetom, the protocols
used for this purpose have to be converted.
Page F.659, Reconstructed protocol by conversion F.6
Press the mouse button and drag your selection into the program control (drag & drop).
Or
F.6
Select Append To Queue from the context menu in one of

the large image segments.
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Examination
A protocol is generated from the series or image and contains

all measurement parameters used to acquire the image. The
reconstructed protocol is appended to the end of the job list. F.6
You may now position the protocol at the required location
among the pending protocols.
F.6
Reconstructed protocol
by conversion
F.6
If images or series have not be scanned with the same software

version or originate from different MAGNETOM types, the
underlying protocols have to be converted to adapt the reconstructed protocols to your type of MAGNETOM system.
F.6
In this case, selection is not possible in the stamp segments
of the Maestro Layout or in the large image segments.
Therefore select a series or image in the Patient Browser.
Drag&drop the image/series into the job list with the left
mouse button held down. Also press the Shift key after you
start dragging.
If conversion fails, an error message appears.
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Examination
Changing scan sequence
F.6
If the sequence of the routine scan program is not suitable for

the current examination, you can modify the sequence while it
is running.
F.6
Of course, you can only change the lower part of the job list that
is still pending.
F.6
Moving a program
instruction
Select the protocol or scan pause that you want to move.

F.6
Select Queue > Move Up or Move Down from the main

menu or Move Up or Move Down from the context menu.
Or
F.6
Use the shortcuts Alt + and Alt + .

You may also move a program instruction via drag & drop.
Page A.26, Drag & drop
F.6
Select the program instruction that you want to move.

Press the left mouse button and drag it to its new position in
the job list.
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Cutting/copying and
pasting a program
instruction
Select a program instruction.

F.6
Select Edit > Copy from the main menu or Copy from the
context menu to copy the entry.
Or
F.6
Select Edit > Cut from the main menu or Cut from the context menu to cut the entry.
Or
F.6
Use the shortcuts Ctrl + C (copy) or Ctrl + X (cut).

The selected entry is copied or cut to the clipboard.
F.6
Select the program instruction, in front of the position where

you want to insert the cut protocol.
Select Edit > Paste from the main menu or Paste from the
context menu.
Or
F.6
Use the shortcut Ctrl + V.

If no program instruction was selected before pasting it, the
cut protocol or the cut pause will be appended to the end of
the job list.
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Examination
You may copy a program instruction via drag & drop.

F.6
Click the program instruction you want to copy.

Keep both the Ctrl key and the left mouse button pressed
and drag it to the desired position in the job list.
Copying via drag & drop does not work with open program
instructions.
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Deleting program instructions
F.6
You may remove individual program instructions from the job

list.
F.6
Deleting a program
instruction
F.6
Select the program instruction that you want to remove from

the job list.
context menu.
Or
F.6
Use the Del. key on the keyboard.

Or
F.6
Click the wastepaper basket.
You may also remove a program instruction easily via

drag & drop.
F.6
Select the program instruction that you want to remove from
the job list.
Hold down the left mouse button and drag it to the wastepaper basket on the bottom left next to the job list.
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Deleting a complete
program instruction list
F.6
Examination
Select Queue > Clear All from the main menu or Clear All
All program instructions are deleted from the job list.
F.6
This menu item is not available when a scan is in progress.
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Changing protocol properties
F.6
You can adjust the properties of the pending protocols and

pauses during an examination.
F.6
Examples of protocol properties:
F.6
Automatic loading of a measured series into the image area

or other task cards
Setting automatic voice outputs
Changing the protocol's start type
Changing the name of the protocol
Already opened protocols can also be changed. However, it
is not possible to adjust the voice output for these protocols.
Select the protocol from the job list.
Select Edit > Properties... from the main menu.
Or
F.6
Select Properties... from the context menu.

F.6
Click the relevant subtask card into foreground.

Change the properties of the protocol.
A detailed description of the properties of protocols and pauses
is available in a separate chapter.
Chapter F.12, Protocol and Pause Properties
F.6
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Examination
Saving a job list as a new program
F.6
If you want to save a modified scan program for subsequent

examinations, you can save it as a new program.
F.6
control (right mouse button).
As [Customer Tree] dialog box. Assign your modified scan
program to an examination region as well as an examination
and enter a name for the scan program.
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Numbering of reconstructed
images
F.6
Numbering is determined by the orientation and position of the

images. It is independent of the slice positioning, excitation
sequence, and number of concatenations in multi-slice scans.
F.6
Numbering rules
F.6
The following rules apply:
F.6
(1) Primary order

Scanned images are divided into sagittal, coronal, and
transverse groups according to their main orientation.
(2) Secondary order
Within these groups, the slices are numbered according to
their position in ascending or descending order.
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You can define the primary order (for example, cor - tra - sag
as one of six possible combinations) and the secondary order
(ascending or descending) when you adapt the protocol
parameters.
The images are numbered by default in the primary order
sag - cor - tra and in the secondary order R >> L, A >> P,
F >> H.
F.6
NOTE
The settings for image numbering are linked to the position
of the scan region.
The image numbering settings of previously processed and
completed protocols are automatically applied when
opening consecutive protocols that have the same position
of scan region.
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Example
F.6
You are planning a scan with 3 slice groups. You can move or
rotate the slice groups without changing the numbers of the
slice groups.
F.6
The number of the selected slice group is displayed on the

Geometry parameter card under Slice group.
In the display, slice group 1 is moved up:
F.6
After the scan, you may view the numbering of the reconstructed images in the Position Display of the Viewing task
card, in the image area of the Viewing task card, or in the
Patient Browser.
F.6
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In the Position Display you can see the position and numbers
(right side) of the reconstructed images.
F.6
(4)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Assignment of lower-case letters to series names

Name of the new position display series
Number of images on the reference image
Image numbers
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NOTE
If you have configured the position display not to label all
cut, lines, overlapping cut lines can cause incorrect
assignment, between cut lines and invisible image numbers
may lead to an incorrect allocation of cut lines and invisible
image numbers. To be on the safe side in such cases, select
the settings for the cut line labeling in the position overview
so that all cut lines and image numbers are displayed. F.6
Page G.616, Configuring the display of the cut lines
F.6
The display of images in the Patient Browser is defined by the

sort criterion. If you select the criterion Instance Number on
the series level, the images will be displayed in the order of their
slice position.
F.6
You can uniquely assign the images in the Patient Browser to
the images in the Position Display using the images numbers
displayed in both cases.
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Resolving conflicts and

inconsistencies
Examination
F.6
Before or during the examination, inconsistencies can occur

between the data in the currently loaded scan program and the
actual settings in the scan system.
F.6
Inconsistent coil configuration
F.6
The protocol requires coils different from the ones plugged into
the patient table. A message box will appear if one or more coils
is not connected.
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Click OK.
Open the scan protocol (double-click).
Since the required coils are not plugged in for this protocol, the
system automatically adjusts the coil configuration.
F.6
The message box Confirm Parameter Changes appears.
F.6
Confirm your changes with OK.

Connect the missing coils to the patient table.
Go to the System-Coils card in the parameter card stack
and click it into foreground.
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Coils with a
undefined
position
Coils with
a defined
position
Select the coils for scanning.

Click this button in the program control to confirm your settings.
The protocol is closed and you may start the measurement.
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Inconsistencies resulting from a changed

table position
F.6
Sometimes it is necessary to move the patient table prior to a

scan, e.g. to administer contrast agent to the patient.
F.6
Use the Table Positioning dialog box to control the table movement from the control room. Or, you may move the table by
using the keys on the operating panel next to the magnet bore.
Chapter F.8, Positioning the Patient Table and System
Manual
F.6
At the start a scan the system automatically checks whether the
information about the table position in the subsequent protocols
matches the current table position.
F.6
If it does not, a warning appears indicating that the table will
move. If you answer the dialog box with Yes, the table moves to
the position entered in the protocol and scanning starts.
F.6
F.6
NOTE
However, do not move the table completely out of the
magnet (not into the HOME position!).
Otherwise the examination is considered completed.
F.6
You will not be able to perform any more scans, and you will
have to start the entire examination again from the
beginning (patient registration, overview scan, position
slices... etc.).
F.6
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CHAPTER
F.7
F.7
Contrast agents may be required for a variety of MR examinations. Paramagnetic contrast agents (usually Gd compounds)
enhance the signal of many pathological structures.
F.7
If you want to run a protocol with contrast agent, use a scan program that already contains pauses for administering contrast
agent.
F.7
All protocols after this pause are marked with a syringe icon in
the job list.
F.7
If no contrast agent pauses are planned in a scan program, you
can insert them into the job list while the examination is in
progress. Or, you may utilize other unrelated pauses in the
examination sequence to administer contrast agent to the
patient and to document it accordingly.
F.7
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Actual procedure agent
F.7
This is the usual procedure for examinations using contrast

agent:
F.7
Perform a native scan.
Stop the examination before the first contrast agent protocol.
Check whether the contrast agent protocol has a "complete"
status (no construction worker icon).
Please observe the following when applying dynamic contrast
agents:
F.7
Document the contrast agent administered in the Exam

Paused dialog box
Page F.75, Documenting the use of contrast agent in the
examination pause,
Apply contrast agent
Page F.77, Documenting the use of contrast agent without a pause,
New pause or in Pause step properties
Page F.715, Inserting and planning contrast agent
pauses.
Move the patient table out of the magnet using the tabletop
control.
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You can also use the injector to administer the injection in the
magnet.
F.7
F.7
N OT E
Move the table out of the magnet
(but not into the HOME position).
Otherwise the examination is considered completed.
F.7
You are not able to perform additional scans, and you will
have to start the entire examination again from the
beginning (patient registration, overview scan, position
slices... etc.).
F.7
Administer the contrast agent.

After injecting the contrast agent move the table back into the
magnet isocenter.
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Start the first contrast agent protocol during the exam pause,
e.g. via Continue or the F12 key.
All program instructions after the pause will be marked as contrast agent scans via a syringe icon to the left of the protocol
name.
F.7
The syringe icon will be displayed next to the patient's name
above the Program Control.
F.7
Following the contrast agent uptake, reset the contrast agent

icon.
Page F.712, Resetting the contrast agent icon
The subsequent protocols are no longer identified with the contrast agent icon.
F.7
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Documenting the use of Contrast

Agent
F.7
There are various ways of documenting the use of contrast

agent. While you are able to identify an exam as a contrast
agent exam, you are also able to enter data about the type and
quantity of contrast agent.
F.7
Documenting the use of contrast agent in the

examination pause
F.7
If your scan program includes a contrast agent pause, the

examination will stop at the pause. The Exam Paused dialog
box is displayed.
F.7
Select the Contrast agent applied checkbox.

If you want to document further details of the use of contrast
agent for subsequent invoicing (type and quantity), click the
syringe icon to select a substance from the contrast agent
catalog.
Page F.79, Specifying contrast agent details
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Examination
Click Close to close the dialog box.

Administer the contrast agent to the patient and start the
scan with Continue in the program control.
Or
F.7
Administer the contrast agent to the patient.

Click Continue in the Exam Paused dialog box to close the
window and start scanning immediately.
key.
The system checks whether the patient table is being moved
automatically before the next protocol starts. If it is, a warning
indicates table movement and the possible danger to the
patient.
F.7
Click Yes.
The table is moved. The table is moved to the position entered
and scanning is started.
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without a pause
F.7
You may also perform a contrast agent examination, even if the

selected program does not include contrast agent pauses.
Instead of a pause, you may use a break in the measurement,
e.g. while you check and complete the parameters of the next
protocol.
F.7
Administer the contrast agent to the patient, document it in the
Apply Contrast Agent dialog box, and continue with the examination.
F.7
Select Job list > Contrast agent from the main menu.
Or
F.7
Click the syringe icon located in the upper left next to the job
list.
Or
F.7
Select Contrast Agent from the context menu in the lefthand (outer) margin of the program control.
The Apply Contrast Agent dialog box is displayed.
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Select the Patient has contrast agent checkbox.

Contrast agent
administration
F.7
The input fields for volume and contrast agent names are activated.
F.7
Enter the name and quantity of the contrast agent administered.
Or
F.7
Click the Catalog button.

The following dialog box lets you select the required contrast
agent from the contrast agent catalog.
Page F.79, Specifying contrast agent details.
F.7
Click OK.
Scanning continues.
F.7
To document a scan as a contrast agent scan, it is not mandatory to specify the name and quantity of the contrast agent.
Contrast agent administration is identified by the image text.
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Specifying contrast agent details
F.7
Click the syringe icon in the Exam Paused dialog box.

Or
F.7
list.
F.7
The syringe icon is shown as depressed in both the Exam

Paused dialog box and the program control next to the job
list.
Select the Patient has contrast agent checkbox.
Click the Catalog button in the Apply Contrast Agent dialog

box.
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The Contrast Agent Catalog dialog box is displayed.
Selecting a contrast agent F.7
F.7
Select a contrast agent from the contrast agent catalog.

Click OK.
The Contrast agent catalog closes. The program returns to
the Apply Contrast Agent dialog box. The selected contrast
agent is displayed in the Contrast agent selection window.
F.7
Click OK.
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The Apply Contrast Agent dialog box closes. Information

about the contrast agent is transferred to the Exam Paused
dialog box, if you called the contrast agent dialog box from the
pause.
F.7
The syringe icon becomes active again and you may start scanning by clicking the Continue button.
F.7
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Resetting the contrast agent icon
F.7
If you notice that the contrast agent no longer affects the image
contrast during scanning, you may remove the syringe icon for
all subsequent scans.
F.7
Select Job list > Contrast Agent from the main menu or
Contrast Agent from the context menu in the left (outer)
margin of the program control.
Or
F.7
list.
F.7
Deselect the Patient has contrast agent checkbox.

Or
F.7
The Exam Paused dialog box opens again if an additional contrast agent pause is planned as the next step in the job list. F.7
Deselect the Contrast agent administration checkbox.
Subsequent scans are now no longer marked as contrast agent
F.7
scans.
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Editing the contrast agent catalog
F.7
To make your work easier, you can enter all substances used
as contrast agents in scans in the catalog. You can also add or
remove contrast media during an examination.
F.7
Inserting a contrast agent

into the catalog
F.7
If the contrast agent you want to administer is not already in the

catalog, add it in the Contrast agent catalog dialog box.
F.7
Click the Insert Agent button.

A new line is inserted into the catalog.
F.7
Enter a name for the contrast agent, the code value, the
active component, concentration, dilution and, possibly, a
comment.
You need the code if you want to document the contrast agent
used via the HIS (hospital information system) The data are
entered as consumed materials.
Page F.91, Job
The newly entered contrast agent is now included in the catalog.
F.7
The Contrast Agent Catalog dialog box remains open.
F.7
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Deleting a contrast agent

from the catalog
Examination
F.7
If the catalog still contains a contrast agent no longer used by

you, you may delete it at this time.
F.7
Select the substance you want to remove.

Click the Delete agent button.
The selected substance is deleted from the catalog.
F.7
The Contrast Agent Catalog dialog box remains open.
F.7
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Inserting and planning contrast

agent pauses
F.7
If your scan program does not include contrast agent pauses,

you may insert them during an examination. If your program
already contains a contrast agent pause, you can document
contrast agent administration here while the first protocols are
running.
F.7
Inserting a new contrast

agent pause
Select Job list > New Pause from the main menu.
F.7
Or
F.7
Select New Pause from the context menu in the (left-hand)

outer margin of the program control.
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The Pause step properties - Standard - Pause dialog box is

displayed.
F.7
Click the Contrast agent card into foreground.

F.7
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Existing contrast agent

pause
F.7
Contrast agent administration is also documented in the properties window for contrast agent pauses already positioned in
the job list.
F.7
Select the pause from the section of the job list that still
needs to be run.
Select Edit > Properties from the main menu.
Or
F.7
Select Properties from the context menu of the Program

Control.
The Pause step properties - Standard - Pause dialog box is
displayed.
F.7
Click the Contrast agent card into foreground.
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Planning contrast agent

administration
Examination
F.7
F.7
Select the Contrast agent administration checkbox.

The Contrast agent selection field and the Catalog button
become active.
F.7
Select the contrast agent you want to administer from the list.
Or
F.7
Click the Catalog... button and select the contrast agent in

the Contrast agent catalog dialog box.
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Confirm your entry with OK.

If you have inserted a new pause, the contrast agent pause will
be appended to end of the job list.
F.7
You can now move the contrast agent pause to the correct position in the job list.
F.7
Scanning stops as soon as the pause reaches the top of the job
list. The Exam Paused dialog box is displayed.
F.7
Administer the contrast agent and start the contrast agent
scan with Continue.
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CHAPTER
F.8
Positioning the Patient

Table
F.8
You will have to move the patient table at various points during
the examination to, for example, administer contrast agent. F.8
You can control the patient table movement by using either the
control panel next to the magnet bore or the software at the console in the control room.
F.8
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Calling up table positioning
F.8
Click the Table Positioning button on the tool bar of the

Exam task card.
Or
F.8
Select View > Table Positioning... from the main menu.

The Table Positioning dialog box opens.
F.8
The current table position is displayed, and you can control various horizontal movements of the patient table.
F.8
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NOTE
When performing table movements at the console, ensure
that the table is not simultaneously moved via the operating
panel at the magnet bore.
F.8
F.8
Current table position

The current, relative table position is displayed here.
F.8
F.8
The relative table position is the distance between the magnet

isocenter and the slice marked using the light localizer.
F.8
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Examination
Moving the table by a certain distance
F.8
You may position the patient table with millimeter precision in

the Table Positioning dialog box.
F.8
Enter the distance you want to move the patient table in the
Move table by field.
Then click this button to move the patient table into the magnet (i.e. toward the isocenter) by the specified distance.
Or
F.8
Click this button to move the patient table out of the magnet
by the specified distance.
F.8
NOTE
The Current position and Move table by displays (as well
as the buttons for moving the patient table by a certain
distance) are only available if you have the corresponding
license.
F.8
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Moving the table into the isocenter
F.8
Click the Move to Center button to move the patient table

precisely into the isocenter.
The isocenter is usually the point that you marked with the light
localizer during the preparation for the examination.
F.8
If you have not marked a point, the table position of the last scan
is considered the center. If you have not performed a scan yet,
the table will move to the scan level of the head coil when you
click the Move to Center button (default setting).
F.8
Moving the table almost completely out of the

magnet
F.8
Click this button to move the patient table almost completely

out of the magnet.
You will move the table to this position, e.g., for contrast administration. The information regarding the position of the scan
center does not change.
F.8
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Canceling a table movement
F.8
Click this button if you want to cancel a table movement.

The patient table will stop at the point it has already reached in
movement.
F.8
Canceling table STOP
F.8
As soon as you press the STOP button on the intercom system

or the console (e.g. in an emergency), the table will stop moving. The buttons for table positioning are also disabled.
F.8
Before you can resume table positioning, you have to first cancel the table STOP.
F.8
Click the Cancelling table stop button.
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Switching magnet opening lighting on/off
F.8
Some examinations require you to set or switch the tunnel lighting on/off.
F.8
Click this button to switch on the magnet opening lighting, if
it is off.
Click the Lighting of magnet opening button several times
in quick succession to set the intensity of the lighting (3 levels: low, medium, high).
The current setting for magnetic opening lighting is shown to the
right of the button.
F.8
You may set the magnetic opening lighting to three different
brightness levels. The more times you click the button, the
brighter the lighting. Once maximum brightness has been
reached, clicking the button again will dim the lighting.
F.8
To switch the magnet opening lighting off, first set the lighting
to the lowest brightness level.
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Examination
Switching magnet opening ventilation on/off
F.8
You can adjust the ventilation of the magnet opening from the
console in the control room.
F.8
Click the Ventilation of magnet opening button to switch on
the ventilation in the magnet opening, if it is off.
Click the Ventilation of magnet opening button several
times in quick succession to adjust the ventilation (3 levels:
low, medium, high).
The current setting for tunnel ventilation is shown to the right of
the button.
F.8
To switch the magnet opening ventilation off, first set the ventilation to the lowest level.
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Closing the examination
F.8
Click the Move to Home button to move the patient table

completely out of the magnet.
F.8
NOTE
Never move the patient table into the HOME position if you
want to resume the examination afterward.
F.8
Clicking the Move to HOME button always terminates the
current examination.
F.8
The system assumes that you now want to register and
examine the next patient.
F.8
All reference images are removed from the image area.
F.8
F.8
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Working with instruction

areas
CHAPTER
F.9
F.9
Instruction areas are used to define the common properties of

different program instructions in the job list. The instructions
have to be grouped by range markers.
F.9
There are different types of instruction areas:
F.9
Job
Body region
Image comment
Job
F.9
With the necessary license and connection to a hospital information system (HIS), you can access the HIS via the network
to receive jobs for your MR system in the form of work steps. A
job reference is created in the job list during patient registration.
All acquired series and contrast agent administrations will be
automatically entered in the job. You are also able to enter
results series (e.g. from post-processing) or consumables on
your own. The procedure step information is now available for
further processing within the hospital.
F.9
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Body region
F.9
Examination
The body region to be examined is defined by selecting the

scan program during patient registration. The body region set in
the Program Control can be useful when sorting images later
(e.g. on another image archiving system).
F.9
Image comment
F.9
Instruction areas also include the display of image comments to

be saved with scanned images in the image database. They are
also marked in the program control using range markers.
F.9
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Editing a body region instruction

range
F.9
When you select your scan program, the first range marker for
the body region is defined automatically.
F.9
Changing the body region range marker
F.9
If you decide to examine another body region during the examination, you may change the region setting.
F.9
Select Queue > Change Body Part Examined in the main
menu.
Or
F.9
Select Change Body Part Examined from the pop-up menu

in the program control (right mouse button).
The Body Part Examined dialog box opens.
F.9
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Select a body region from the selection list.
Click the OK button.

A new range marker is inserted with the new body region.
F.9
If you position the mouse pointer over the range instruction, the
new scan region of the program instructions will be displayed as
a tool tip.
F.9
Deleting the body region range marker
F.9
Select the range marker of the body region you want to

delete.
Select Delete from the context menu of the program control.
The body region is no longer entered in the images.
F.9
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Editing a work step in the

instruction area
F.9
As soon as a patient is registered, a range marker is automatically generated for the work step determined. The step causes
all scans and material consumed (e.g. contrast agent administration) belonging to the examination to be available for further
editing within a license-dependent hospital information system.
F.9
Hovering the mouse pointer over the procedure step displays

the starting time of the scan and information about the procedure step in a tooltip.
F.9
If you have to repeat scans or insert new protocols, they will

be assigned to the existing work step.
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Adding a work step to range marker
F.9
If you need an additional work step during the examination,

insert it using the program control.
F.9
Select Queue > Change Work Step from the main menu.
Or
F.9
Select Change Procedure Step from the pop-up menu of

the Program Control.
The Change Procedure Step dialog box is displayed.
F.9
F.9
The dialog box contains a list of predefined work steps. You can
apply one of the work steps offered or create a new one.
F.9
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Select the Create a new Procedure Step option.

A new range marker is inserted in the job list.
F.9
If a program instruction was selected, the range marker

above the program instruction will be inserted into the job list.
If you have not selected a program instruction, the range
marker will be appended to the end of the job list.
This option creates a new work step in the patient database.
F.9
This work step records subsequent examination steps for billing

purposes.
F.9
The range marker of the previous work step is retained and
indicates the processing status.
Editing a new work step
F.9
You may define the newly created work step from the program
control.
F.9
Select the newly inserted range marker.
The Executed Work Steps dialog box is displayed.
F.9
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Examination
Enter a designation in the Description field for billing purposes.

Record all services to be included for billing.
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Response to a missing work step
F.9
A message box will appear when you start a protocol, if no procedure step exists or if the procedure step has already been
completed. It indicates that the following scans will not be
recorded in a job for billing.
F.9
Click Yes if you want to start scanning.

Or
F.9
Click No if you want to create a work step.
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Examination
Canceling a procedure step
F.9
If you are unable to perform an examination as initially planned,

just cancel the procedure step.
F.9
Select the range marker and Cancel from the pop-up menu
of the Program Control.
Or
F.9
Select the range marker and Properties from the pop-up

menu.
The Executed Procedure Steps dialog box then opens.
F.9

The work step icon is marked with a red cross.
F.9
Subsequent scans are no longer entered in the work step.
F.9
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Completing a procedure step
F.9
You can complete the procedure step when the last scan of the
examination and all planned postprocessing operations have
been completed, and the series has been printed or transferred
to a film sheet.
F.9
Select the range marker and Complete from the pop-up

menu of the Program Control.
Or
F.9
Select the range marker and Properties from the pop-up

menu.
The Executed Procedure Steps dialog box then opens.
F.9
Click the Completed button.

The procedure step icon is marked with a green checkmark.
F.9
Image calculations still in progress are no longer recorded for

this work step.
F.9
If you unregister the patient being examined or register a new

patient, there will be no indication that the procedure step has
not been completed. However, you may complete it later via
the Patient Browser. This can be helpful if you want to enter
series of subsequent postprocessing steps (e.g. spectroscopy) in this procedure step.
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Deleting the procedure step range marker
F.9
You can delete a procedure step from the job list of the program
control.
F.9
Select the range marker you want to delete.
Select Delete from the context menu of the program control.
The work step is deleted but is retained in the patient database.
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Editing an image comment
F.9
When registering of a patient, a range marker is automatically

generated for image comments. Initially it is empty. You are able
to enter an image comment for all protocols waiting to be processed, including the selected or open protocol. This comment
appears as an annotation in the center of the lower image margin of the series.
F.9
If you do not enter an image comment in the program control,
comments entered during patient registration will be inserted.
The image comment line remains empty if this activity does
not generate a comment. Special image calculation programs
(IDEA) can enter a comment as well.
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Examination
Entering an image comment
F.9
If no image comment has been assigned, you may enter the

required image text.
F.9
Select Queue > Set Image Comment from the main menu.
Or
F.9
Select Set Image Comment from the pop-up menu in the

outer area of the program control.
Or
F.9
Select the icon for image comment and select Properties

The Image Comment dialog box appears.
F.9
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Operator Manual
Examination
Type a comment in the input field.

Confirm your comment with OK.
The dialog box closes. All images to be acquired contain this
image comment.
F.9
Now position the mouse pointer over the image comment icon
to display the image text entered by you.
F.9
Inserting a new image comment
F.9
To assign a different image comment to subsequent program

instructions, proceed as follows:
F.9
F.9
Select the program instruction starting from which you want

to change the image comment.
Select Queue > Set Image Comment from the main menu.
Or
F.9
Select Set Image Comment from the pop-up menu in the

outer area of the program control.
F.9
Type the new text.

Another image comment icon is inserted in front of the program
instruction in the job list.
F.9
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Examination
Changing the image comment
F.9
You may change an existing comment for program instructions

that are still waiting to be processed.
F.9
Select the icon for image comment and select Properties
F.9
Click the Delete button.

The input field for the image comment is cleared.
F.9
Enter a new text in the input field.

Or
F.9
Select the image comment in the input field and overwrite it.
The images acquired in subsequent protocols will include the
new image comment.
F.9
The current image comment will also be used if you repeat
protocols previously scanned with a different comment.
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Examination
Deleting an image comment
F.9
An image comment can be deleted again if necessary.
F.9
Select the icon for the image comment with image text you
want to delete.
Select Delete from the context menu.
The image comment icon is removed from the job list of the program control.
F.9
Images acquired in subsequent protocols are assigned the previous image comment or stored without an image comment, if
none is available.
F.9
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Examination
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
F.10
Inline Display
You can use Inline Display for the following applications:
F.10
F.10
You are able to view the reconstructed images during scanning. This allows you to decide when to intervene in a scan
by checking the acquired images.
You can locate the required slice position and orientation of
a real-time protocol interactively using the space mouse.
Inline Display lets you trace contrast agent build-up in CARE
bolus scans before starting the high-resolution protocol.
You are able to trace the navigator signal (respiratory curve)
and start a multiple breath-hold scan.
You are able to monitor the MR spectrum and stop scanning
as soon as an adequate signal-to-noise ratio is attained.
You are able to filter the display of BOLD images to display
just the images of a certain slice.
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Inline Display
Examination
Starting Inline Display
F.10
You can start Inline Display manually or automatically. as well

as change the appearance and size of the Inline Display.
F.10
The display includes only images that are loaded automatically from the image calculation. It is not possible to load,
manual images into the Inline Display and then to page back
to previously displayed images.
You may start the Inline Display only if you have full access
rights to the data of the patient being scanned. Please refer
to information in,

manually
Select View > Inline Display from the main menu.

F.10
Or
F.10
Click this button on the tool bar of the Exam card.

The Inline Display is displayed. Two views are possible: with
"frame" or without "frame".
Page F.106, Changing the Inline Display
F.10
If Frame on is activated, the image segment is displayed with

the title bar and several function keys.
F.10
The title bar shows the number of the program step. You can
move this window to a new position.
F.10
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Operator Manual
Examination
Inline Display
Inline Display with frame:
F.10
(1) Scale bar

(2) Imaging area
(3) Control area with buttons
(4) Store Images On/Off button
(5) Save button
(6) Display Pause button
(7) Stop & Continue button
(8) Copy Image Position button
(9) Display Filter On/Off button
(10) Scan Breathhold button
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Inline Display

automatically
Examination
F.10
The Inline Display is automatically opened when a protocol with

the property Auto open Inline Display is about to run in the job
list.
Page F.1213, Opening Inline Display automatically
F.10
The Inline Display appears either with or without a "border",
depending on whether Frame on is activated or not. Without a
border, the Inline Display appears in the position of the right
GSP segment.
Page F.106, Changing the Inline Display
F.10
Inline Display without frame:
F.10
If Zoom/Pan On is deactivated, you can move the

Inline Display freely.
Page F.1014, Zooming and panning an image
F.10
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Operator Manual
Examination
Inline Display
The Inline Display is closed as soon as the Inline movie option

is enabled in the protocol properties, and the program step has
been completed.
Page F.1715, Starting the movie display
F.10
Changing the protocol parameters (e.g. increasing the number

of coils by propagation) may deactivate the Inline Display as
indicated by the + sign in the protocol info line.
F.10
Display of the current

protocol
F.10
The number of the protocol steps as well as the images displayed in the Inline Display, appear on the Inline Display title bar
and as a tool tip in the bottom left corner of the Inline Display
(drag & drop area).
F.10
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Inline Display
Examination
Changing the Inline Display
F.10
The Inline Display may be displayed with or without a border,

i.e. title bar and switching area.
F.10
Deselect Frame On in the pop-up menu of the Inline Display.

The Inline Display is displayed without a title bar and switching
area. It takes the position of the right-hand GSP segment. F.10
If Zoom/Pan On is deactivated, you can move the
Inline Display freely.
Page F.1014, Zooming and panning an image
F.10
To display the title bar and functional area again.
F.10
Select Frame On from the context menu.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Inline Display
Setting the size of the Inline Display
F.10
You can set the size of the Inline Display freely or select one of
three predefined sizes.
F.10
Setting the size freely
F.10
Place the mouse pointer on the edge of the Inline Display.

Drag the Inline Display to the required size holding the left
mouse button down.
Image display is temporarily stopped while you drag the Inline
Display.
F.10
Selecting a predefined
size
F.10
You are able to select the following predefined sizes for the
Inline Display:
F.10
Inline
The Inline Display has the size of a GSP segment in the
three-segment layout.
Large
The Inline Display is as high as the monitor. This setting is
useful for examinations with intervention.
Full screen
The Inline Display fills the entire monitor.
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Inline Display
Examination
Make sure Zoom/Pan On mode is switched off in the pop-up

menu.
Switch between the predefined sizes Inline and Large by
double-clicking on the Inline Display with the left mouse button.
Or
F.10
Set the required size with Set Size in the pop-up menu.
Exit Full screen size again by pressing the Esc key.
task card
F.10
Inline Display closes if you switch to another task card (e.g.

Viewing).
F.10
If you return to the Exam task card, the Inline Display will be
open again with the same settings as applicable for manual
starting. Only the last Frame On setting is retained.
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Examination
Inline Display
Image display
F.10
Inline display shows the images in sequence, similar to a fast

slide show.
F.10
How reconstructed images are displayed depends on the
sequence used and the protocol settings:
F.10
If image calculation provides images very quickly, it may not
be possible to display all the images. In this case, you will
only see the most up-to-date image.
If the slices are scanned with interleaving, the Inline Display
will initially remain empty. The images are reconstructed only
when the data have been acquired.
Click the Display Pause On button.
Or
F.10
Select Display Pause On from the context menu.

The presentation pauses at the image currently displayed.
F.10
It is not possible to pause the display if automatic image storage is deactivated.

Page F.1210, Setting automatic saving and loading
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Inline Display
Restarting image
display
Examination
F.10
You are able to resume image display at any time. The image
displayed next is the last one reconstructed. Images that have
been reconstructed since the display has been paused are no
longer available for Inline Display.
F.10
Click the Display Pause On button.
Or
F.10
Select Display Pause On from the context menu.

Image display continues.
F.10
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Operator Manual
Examination
Inline Display
Modifying image display
F.10
The images are transferred from image calculation using standardized window values and aspect ratios.
F.10
You can modify this image display: You may window, zoom, and
pan the images during Inline Display.
F.10
F.10
NOTE
If displayed very quickly on the Inline Display, your changes
may not be visible due to windowing, zooming, or
panning.
F.10
In this case, pause the display.
F.10
NOTE
The changed settings for image display in the Inline Display
are not stored.
F.10
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Inline Display
Examination
Image windowing
F.10
Windowing with the center mouse button, allows you to modify

the brightness and contrast of the displayed image.
F.10
Position the mouse pointer on the image displayed in the
Inline Display.
Press and hold the center mouse button while dragging the
mouse up/down or right/left.
Or
F.10
Window by using these symbol keys on the symbol keypad

of your keyboard.
Windowing images up
to the end of the series
F.10
Using the mouse, you are able to automatically apply the new
window values of an image to subsequent images in the
respective series.
F.10
Select Window OnSucceeding On from the context menu.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Automatic image
Windowing
Inline Display
You can also assign automatic window values to the image.

F.10
F.10
Double-click the image currently displayed with the center

mouse button.
Page G.42, Windowing images
Or
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Inline Display
Examination
Zooming and panning an image
F.10
The images shown in Inline Display are shown to fit the segment size. You can change this display.
F.10
Select Zoom/Pan On from the pop-up menu.
Position the mouse pointer in the outer area of the image.
Hold the left mouse button down and drag the mouse pointer
up to enlarge the image or down to reduce the image.
Position the mouse pointer in the inner area of the image.
To pan the image contents, press and hold the left mouse
button and drag the mouse upward, downward, to the right,
or to the left.
Zooming images up to
the end of the series
F.10
You can change the menu settings so that the changes to the
visible image section are automatically applied to all images in
the series.
F.10
Select Zoom/Pan On Series from the pop-up menu.
Resetting changes
F.10
You can undo the zooming/panning in the Inline Display.
F.10
Double-click the image with the left mouse button.

The images are again fitted to the segment size.
F.10
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Operator Manual
Examination
Inline Display
Hiding image text
F.10
You can hide image text for improved viewing of reconstructed

images.
F.10
Deselect Image Text On in the context menu.

Image text is hidden on the transferred images.
F.10
You can show image text in the transferred images again.
F.10
Select Image Text On from the context menu.

When you restart image display, all subsequent images will be
shown with (or without) image text.
F.10
Removing an image
F.10
For example, if you have interrupted a scan and the image displayed last remains in the image area.
F.10
Right-click the Inline Display.
Select Clear Segment from the context menu.
The image currently displayed will be cleared from the image
area.
F.10
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Inline Display
Examination
Saving images
F.10
The calculated images in Inline Display are usually automatically stored in the Patient Browser.
F.10
In some cases you may deactivate automatic storage and manually store single images from the Inline Display.
F.10
Automatic image storage
F.10
For each protocol, the system defines whether automatic

images storage may be switched off or not.
F.10
If automatic image storage is switched off, the images will be
deleted after initial display in the Inline Display.
F.10
For protocols involving offline image calculation (e.g. spectroscopy), automatic image storage is not possible.
F.10
For real-time scans, on the other hand, it makes sense to switch
off automatic image storage and just save single images manually.
F.10
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Operator Manual
Examination
Disabling automatic
image storage
Inline Display
F.10
You will disable automatic storage if the images are not necessary for diagnostic purposes (e.g., in case of real-time scans).
F.10
Click the Store Images On/Off button.
Or
F.10
Deselect Auto store images in the context menu.

The images of your current scan are no longer stored. They are
only displayed in the Inline Display.
F.10
F.10
C AU T I O N
If you deactivate automatic storage, image data may be
lost!
F.10
Automatic image storage can be disabled for a current measurement only.

F.10
The Display Pause button is not available while automatic

image storage is disabled. In this case, you cannot pause
image display.
The Store Images On/Off button is disabled in case image
calculation is completed or the Auto store images option
cannot be deselected.
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Inline Display
Enabling automatic
image storage
Examination
F.10
If you require all images for diagnosis, you can enable automatic image storage.
F.10
Click the Store Images On/Off button in the Inline Display.
Or
F.10
Select Store Images On from the context menu.

When the Store Images On/Off button appears depressed,
images are automatically stored in the Patient Browser as they
are acquired.
F.10
Manual image storage
F.10
You can still store individual images manually when automatic

image storage is disabled.
F.10
The image currently displayed in the image area of the
Inline Display will be saved.
F.10
If the Inline Display does not contain an image, the Save button is not available.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Inline Display
Copying the image position
F.10
You are able to copy the slice position and orientation of the current image in Inline Display to the protocol opened in the program control.
F.10
This position and orientation are then transferred to the
selected graphic object of the opened protocol. If no graphic
object is selected, the position and orientation will be transferred to the first slice group of the protocol.
F.10
The slice position and orientation are also stored in a buffer.
F.10
If no protocol is open, the slice position and orientation will

remain in the buffer. You can transfer these settings to another
protocol later with Image Tools > Paste Image Position.
F.10
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Inline Display
Copying the image

position via button
Examination
F.10
Click the Copy Image Position button.

Or
F.10
Select Copy Image Position from the context menu.

You may select Copy Image Position as many times as
required. The buffer contents will be overwritten.
Copying the image

position via drag & drop
The prerequisite for this step is an open protocol.
F.10
F.10
Place the mouse pointer on the bottom left corner of the

Inline Display (drag & drop area).
Drag & drop image position of the current image into the
GSP segment.
The current slice position and orientation will be copied to the
open protocol.
F.10
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Operator Manual
Examination
Inline Display
Selective image display (BOLD)
F.10
With respect to BOLD, it is sometimes useful to only display a

certain slice in the Inline Display (instead of having all images
displayed).
F.10
The slice is selected by image number.
F.10
Click the Display Filter button to enable image display

selection.
When the button is selected, a field is shown that lets you select
the slice to be displayed.
F.10
Enter the number of the slice to have the images displayed.
Use the arrow buttons to change the slice number during scanF.10
ning.
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Inline Display
Examination
Interactive scanning in real-time

mode (optional)
F.10
Your system contains various protocols that support real-time

mode similar to fluoroscopy.
F.10
When performing scans in this mode, you are able to use the
space mouse to continuously change slice position and orientation.
F.10
This allows you to interactively locate a slice of interest and
transfer its position and orientation to another (high-resolution)
scan protocol.
F.10
Interactive scans in real-time mode run as continuous loops.
After locating the desired slice position and orientation, you
may close the scan in the program control.
F.10
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Operator Manual
Examination
Interactive scanning
procedure
Inline Display
F.10
Select a real-time protocol from the program card.

Transfer the protocol to the program control.
Page F.27, Transferring a scan program to the program
control
Set automatic opening of Inline Display in the protocol properties.
Deselect the Auto store images option on the Auto load
subtask card in the protocol properties.
Prepare the protocol for scanning.
Page F.41, Positioning Slices,
Page F.51, Adjusting Measurement Parameters.
Click Apply in the program control to start the protocol.
View the first reconstructed images in the Inline Display.
The slice position and orientation specified here are the initial
values that you are changing interactively during scanning. F.10
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Inline Display
Examination
Vary the slice position and orientation during scanning by

moving the space mouse.
The new slice position and orientation are already applied to the
following reconstructed images. Once a suitable slice is displayed, you may apply the image position.
F.10
Click the Copy Image Position button.
Page F.1019, Copying the image position
Scanning stops.
F.10
As a next step, you prepare the high-resolution protocol. Copy

the slice position and orientation of the real-time protocol from
the buffer.
F.10
Select Image Tools > Paste Image Position.
Page F.486, Transferring the position of reference images
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Operator Manual
Examination
Inline Display
Inline Display for CARE Bolus

scans
F.10
The Inline Display allows you to check acquired images while

scanning is in progress. This is especially helpful in cases
where you may want to stop the current scan and continue with
the next scan, e.g. during contrast agent scans where you are
monitoring the uptake of contrast agent. As soon as the contrast agent becomes visible in the image, you may immediately
proceed to the next high-resolution sequence.
F.10
Place the keyboard focus (dashed border) on the Stop /

Continue button.
Page F.319, Keyboard focus
Press the spacebar or the Enter key.
Or
F.10
Click the Stop / Continue button in the Inline Display.

Or
F.10
Press the F12 key.

The scan in progress stops and the following scan starts immediately.
F.10
F.10
NOTE
Using the keyboard provides you with the advantage of
focussing on the Inline Display instead of the mouse
pointer.
F.10
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Inline Display
Examination
Starting multiple breath-hold

scans
F.10
A multiple breath-hold protocol is started in the Inline Display

and run in several steps.
F.10
After positioning the slices in GSP, you can define the number
of breath-hold intervals by entering the Concatenations. The
acquisition time required for each breath-hold interval is displayed as a tool tip in the information line below the image area.F.10
Tool tip
After each breath-hold command, the image rows of the slices

belonging to one concatenation are measured.
Page P.131, Excitation sequence of slices
F.10
You are starting by scanning each concatenation (=breath-hold
interval) from the Inline Display. With navigator protocols, you
can also observe the respiratory movement of the diaphragm in
the Inline Display.
F.10
Prepare a navigator protocol for scanning. Select a mode for

Respiratory Control and include a preparation phase
(Scout mode).
Page P.121, Navigator Geometry Navigator
Open the Inline Display.
Click Apply in the program control to start the protocol.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Inline Display
The position of the diaphragm (navigator signal) is displayed as

a function of time in the Inline Display.
F.10
F.10
Follow the respiratory curve on the Inline Display.

Apply the breath-hold command.
Click the Scan Breathhold button.
Scanning starts.
F.10
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Inline Display
Examination
TIP
If the keyboard focus (dashed border) is on the Scan
Breathhold button, you may want to press the spacebar to
start scanning.
F.10
Navigator signals are not recorded during scanning. After the

slices of the first concatenation have been scanned, the navigator signal is scanned and displayed again.
F.10
The diaphragm position during the "first" scan is indicated by a
yellow line.
F.10
Apply the command to breathe again.
The patient should draw several normal breaths.
F.10
Apply the breath-hold command to scan the image lines of

the next concatenation and click the Scan Breathhold button again.
Or
F.10
Press the F12 key.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Inline Display
To stop the multiple breathhold scans.
F.10

The results of all slices that have been scanned are stored. Partially scanned slices are lost.
F.10
F.10
NOTE
When you cancel a protocol with multiple Scans, all images
from the current scan are lost.
F.10
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Inline Display
Examination
Display of the spectroscopy time

signal
F.10
You may use the Inline Display to track the MR spectrum while
a scan is in progress. The current and accumulated spectroscopy data are displayed as a vector graphic in the Inline Display
window.
F.10
F.10
For spectroscopy sequences, the Store Images On/Off button is not available, because it is not possible to deselect the
Auto store images option in the protocol properties.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Inline Display
Ending Inline Display
F.10
The Inline Display can be ended either manually or automatically.

F.10

manually
F.10
When you close Inline Display, you are no longer able to view
reconstructed images or graphics of a scan (online or offline).F.10
Click the Close Window button in the top right corner of the
Inline Display.
Or
F.10
Click the Inline Display button again on the tool bar of the
Exam task card.
Or
F.10
Press Alt + F4 on your keyboard.

Or
F.10
Select Close Inline Display from the context menu.

The Inline Display is closed.
F.10
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Inline Display

automatically
Examination
F.10
In the pop-up menu, you can set that the Inline Display will
close automatically as soon as image calculation has been
completed.
F.10
Select Close after measurement from the pop-up menu.

The Inline Display closes as soon as the current image calculaF.10
tion has finished.
You can also deactivate this setting.
F.10
Deselect Close after measurement in the pop-up menu.
If reconstruction of a protocol has been completed with the

Inline movie option, the Inline Display automatically closes
and movie display starts.
The Inline Display is automatically cleared when protocol
reconstruction is complete and a new scan protocol has been
enabled.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Inline Display
Tips on optimum performance with

real-time scans
F.10
Check whether one or two receiver coils are connected.

Deactivate the image text display.
Switch off auto image storage.
The images from this scan are not stored in the Patient
Browser.
Finish all other processes, e.g. archiving and sending.
Optimize the protocol parameters, e.g., minimize TE and TR,
reduce phase-encoding steps, and deactivate fat saturation.
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Inline Display
Examination
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
F.11
F.11
Two essential factors in obtaining useful MR images are patient

communication and cooperation.
F.11
Patient information and instructions are given during an examination by means of manual or automatic voice outputs, e.g.
breathing control instructions.
F.11
Sample files for voice outputs are supplied in two languages
with your system. You may record additional voice outputs in
various languages. You can assign these voice recordings to a
protocol as a property. This allows you to automate communication with the patient. You are also able to play back these
voice outputs manually without reference to a scan.
F.11
Voice outputs are not suitable for patient instructions with
multiple scans, e.g. multi-breathhold BOLD.
Voice output
F.11
A single spoken instruction to the patient. Instructions are available in various languages.
F.11
Label
F.11
A unique name for each voice output. The label is displayed in

the selection list and is used to identify a voice output.
F.11
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F.111
Examination
Do not confuse voice outputs with music played to the patient.

The intercom has a separate input for connecting a CD player,
radio, etc.
F.11
F.11
N OT E
Never insert a commercial music CD into the CD drive of
the host computer. The copy protection on the CDs could
cause the system to crash and damage the drive.
F.11
When using automatic voice outputs to give instructions to the

patient, it is advisable not to play music at the same time.
F.11
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Operator Manual
Examination
Playing back an existing voice

output
F.11
For many examinations it is important to instruct the patient

before and/or after the scan (e.g. to breathe in and hold his
breath). Existing voice outputs may be played back manually or
automatically. You may also set the volume for the voice output
and play back the patient instructions either in the control room
or in both the control as well as the examination room.
Page F.1111, Changing the volume
Page F.1112, CV/CBT switch
F.11
Select Joblist > Voice Output > Play... or select Voice Output from the context menu of the program control.
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Examination
The Voice Output dialog box opens.
F.11
F.11
Existing voice outputs are marked with a loudspeaker icon and

indicate the playback duration. The language of the label does
not correspond to the set language.
F.11
The dialog will open only if no scan is active.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Playing back patient instructions manually
F.11
Voice outputs are available in several languages. They can be

played back as often as necessary and at any time. This may
be helpful, e.g. to familiarize patients with the sound.
F.11
Patient instructions can be played back before and after but
not during a scan.
The language in the Voice Outputs dialog box is the default
setting. You may select a different language from the selection
list.
F.11
Select the language from the Language selection list.
Select the voice output, e.g. "Continue breathing", from the

Instruction selection list.
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Examination
Click the Play button to play back the voice output.

The patient hears the instructions in the examination room via
headphones or loudspeakers.
F.11
Pausing a voice output
F.11
You can stop if you do not want to play back an entire voice output or have selected the wrong voice output.
F.11
Click the STOP button.
Playback of the voice output stops.
F.11
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Automatic playback of a voice output
F.11
If you want to play back voice outputs automatically before and/

or after a scan, the required voice outputs have to be referenced
to the protocol.
F.11
The voice outputs are integrated
F.11
via the protocol properties during program set-up in the

Exam Explorer
Or
F.11
in the program control during the examination

When a protocol with reference voice output is ready to run or
if you have integrated patient instructions for automatic playback via the protocol properties, the voice output will be played
back automatically. If the referenced voice output does not
exist, a message box appears. In that case, acknowledge this
message box and give your instructions via the intercom system.
Page F.655, Program instruction with a patient instructionF.11
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Setting playback of voice outputs
F.11
You can adjust the voice outputs to the individual requirements

of a patient, i.e. by selecting the language and adjusting the volume.
F.11
If your system is not able to play back voice outputs, the Test
selection list and the Play button will not be active.
Select Patient > Voice Output Properties.

Or
F.11
Right-click the name of the patient in the program control and

select Voice Output Properties from the context menu.
The Voice Output Properties dialog box opens.
F.11
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Examination
Changing the language

for the current patient
F.11
Voice outputs should be played back in a language the patient

can understand.
F.11
Select the language, e.g. English (United States), from the

Patient Primary Language selection list.
If the Set as Default checkbox is not clicked, the language
entered in the Exam UI Configuration - Voice Output dialog
box will be used again for the next patient.
F.11
You can only select from the languages that are available on
your system. It is not possible to add new languages.
F.11
N OT E
It is not possible to change the patient language once
scanning has started.
F.11
You may record voice outputs in other languages.
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Changing the default

language setting
Examination
F.11
You can use the same newly selected language again for the
next patients.
F.11
Click the Set as Default checkbox to save the selected language as the default language.
The changed default language setting will become the default
in the Exam UI Configuration - Voice Output dialog box.
F.11
You can redefine the default language in the Exam UI Configuration - Voice Output dialog box.
Page F.1129, Configuring voice output
F.11
The default language for patient instructions does not have to

be the same as the language of the user interface.
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Changing the volume
F.11
The volume of voice outputs is also preset in the Exam UI Configuration - Voice Output configuration window. You may
change the volume set in the Voice Output Properties dialog
box.
F.11
Move the Volume slider to the right to increase the volume

for voice output, or to the left to decrease it.
Testing the voice output
F.11
After you have selected the language and set the volume, you
are able to select and play back a voice output for test purposes.
F.11
Select a voice output from the Test selection list.

Click the Play button.
F.11
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CV/CBT switch
Examination
F.11
Use the toggle switch on the intercom system to select whether

the patient instructions will be played back in the control room
only or in both the control as well as the examination room. F.11
Push the CV/CBT toggle switch on the intercom system
toward CBT.
The patient instructions will be played back in the control room
only.
F.11
This may be useful to test, for example, voice outputs right
after you have recorded them.
Or
F.11
Push the CV/CBT toggle switch on the intercom system

toward CV.
The patient instructions will be played back in the control as well
as the examination room.
F.11
The toggle switch must be set to CV during examinations.
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Recording and editing voice

outputs
F.11
Patient instructions may be recorded or edited only if no patient

is currently registered.
F.11
Select Patient > Close Patient from the main menu of the
Exam task card.
Or
F.11
Select the name of the patient in the program control with a

right-click and select Close Patient from the context menu.
Select Joblist > Voice Outputs > Organize.
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The Organize Voice Outputs dialog box opens.
F.11
(1) Default voice output (black)

(2) User-defined voice output (blue)
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Examination
Recording a new voice output
F.11
The files available on your system are shown with a loudspeaker icon in the Instruction selection list in the Organize
Voice Outputs dialog box. You may record additional instructions, if required.
F.11
Creating a voice output
F.11
To create a new voice output, you first have to create a label for
the instructions and then start recording.
F.11
Select the language for the new instructions in the Organize
Voice Outputs dialog box.
Click the New button in the Organize Voice Output dialog
box.
The Edit Label dialog box is displayed. The input field is empty.F.11
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Examination
Enter a name for the new voice output.

The name for the new label cannot be more than 31 characters long and must start with a letter
(a to z or A to Z). The following characters cannot be used: ?,
", *, |, :, \, /, >, <.
Confirm with the OK button.
The Edit Label dialog box closes and the newly created voice
output is appended to the end of the Label selection list in the
Organize Voice Outputs dialog box.
F.11
The label for the new voice output is now available in all languages and the voice output can be recorded in any other language necessary.
User-defined voice outputs are blue in the Label selection

list.
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Recording a new voice

output
F.11
To record a voice output you will need to use both the Record
Voice dialog box and your system's intercom.
F.11
Click the Record button in the Organize Voice Output dialog box.
The Record Voice dialog box opens.
F.11
The dialog box shows the language selected in Organize Voice

Output and the label of the voice output that is being recorded.F.11
If your MRC has a volume indicator, the dialog box will contain
an additional bar for monitoring the volume.
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Examination
Press the Talk button on the intercom system and hold it

pressed.
Click the Record button in the Record Voice dialog box to

activate recording mode.
Speak the new instruction into the built-in microphone.
The duration is displayed during recording.
F.11
A voice output can be up to 30 seconds long.

F.11
N OT E
To ensure good recording quality, we recommend
maintaining a distance of 30 cm from the microphone and
speaking in a normal voice. You can also adjust the
recording volume with the Record Volume slider during
configuration. The volume slider in the exam room has no
effect on the recording volume.
F.11
Press the STOP button in the Record Voice dialog box to

stop recording.
Release the Talk button on the intercom.
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Examination

The newly recorded voice output will now appear in the selection list of the Organize Voice Outputs dialog box with its playback time and the loudspeaker icon.
F.11
Proceed in this sequence to avoid unwanted noise at the

beginning and end of the recording.
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Testing a new voice

output
Examination
F.11
You can play back the new patient instructions after recording
the voice output to test comprehensibility.
F.11
After the recording the Play button will be active.
F.11
Click the Play button.

The voice output is played back.
F.11
Voice outputs are played back through the loudspeakers or

headphones (set with the CBT/CV switch) both in the control
and the examination rooms, just as they would be during an
examination.
F.11
Click the STOP button to stop playback of the voice output.
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Changing a voice output
F.11
If an existing voice output does not meet your requirements, you

can record a new one in its place.
F.11
Editing a voice output
F.11
Select the instructions to be modified from the Labels selection list in the Organize Voice Outputs dialog box.
F.11
Click the Record button.
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If you select existing instructions to record over, the Confirm

Recording message box appears.
F.11

The Record Voice dialog box opens.
F.11
You can now record the patient instructions.

Page F.1117, Recording a new voice output
F.11
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Examination
Reordering voice outputs
F.11
Manual playback of patient instructions is much easier if the

instructions are already organized in the correct order. This
enables you to access voice outputs quickly and helps prevent
mistakes.
F.11
Select the voice output from the Instruction selection list in

the Organize Voice Outputs dialog box.
Click the Up button to move a selected voice output up in the
selection list.
Or
F.11
Click the Down button to move a selected voice output down

in the selection list.
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Deleting user-defined voice outputs
F.11
When you no longer require a voice output, you can delete it.
However, remember that voice outputs may have been linked to
program instructions for automatic playback. If the deleted
voice output does not exist when a protocol is running, a message appears and you have to deliver the patient instructions
via the intercom system.
F.11
It is not possible to delete standard pre-installed voice outputs.
Deleting a voice output

from the current language F.11
In the Organize Voice Output dialog box, select the voice

output to be deleted from the Instruction selection list.
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Click the Delete button

The button is only active if a voice output exists for the
selected instruction, i.e. it is marked with a loudspeaker icon.
The Confirm Delete message box will appear.
F.11
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The loudspeaker icon in front of the label disappears and the

voice output is no longer available in the selected language.
Deleting voice outputs in the current language does not automatically delete them in other languages (if available).
F.11
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Deleting a voice output

from all languages
F.11
F.11
In the Organize voice output dialog box, select the voice

output to be deleted from the Instruction selection list.
The button is not active, if a default instruction is selected.
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The Confirm Delete message box will appear.
F.11

The voice output will be deleted from all languages and the
label will be removed from the selection list.
F.11
N OT E
The changes you make in the Organize Voice Outputs
dialog box are implemented immediately. It is not possible
to undo them.
F.11
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Configuring voice output
F.11
You can configure the voice output in the Voice Output Properties dialog box or in the Exam UI Configuration - Voice Output dialog box.
F.11
The settings in the Voice Output Properties dialog box only
apply to the current patient.
Page F.118, Setting playback of voice outputs
F.11
The settings in the Exam UI Configuration - Voice Output dialog box are global. These defaults will be used when all patients
are registered.
F.11
You are able to perform the following settings:
F.11
Preselection of patient language

Volume
Select Options > Configuration.
The NUMARIS/4 - Configuration Panel dialog box opens.
F.11
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Examination
Double-click the Examination icon.

The Exam UI Configuration - Voice Output box opens.
F.11
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Selecting the patient

language
F.11
Voice outputs should be played back in a language the patient

can understand. The language used by most patients should be
set as the default language of your system.
F.11
Select the language from the Patient Primary Language

selection list.
You can only select from the languages that are available on
your system. It is not possible to add new languages.
F.11
Setting the output

volume
You can set the volume for playback of voice outputs.
F.11
F.11
Move the Playback Volume slider to the right to increase the

volume for voice output playback, or to the left to decrease it.
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Testing the selected voice

output
F.11
After you have selected the language and set the volume, you
are able to select and play back a voice output for test purposes.
F.11
Select a voice output from the Test selection list.

Then click the Play button.
F.11
Setting the recording

volume
F.11
You can set the volume for playback of the voice outputs you
have recorded.
F.11
Move the Record Volume slider to the right to increase the

volume for recording voice outputs, or to the left to decrease
it.
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Closing the dialog box
F.11
After you have entered your settings, you may save them.
F.11

All settings will be saved.
F.11
Or
F.11
Click Cancel.
The Exam UI Configuration - Voice Output box closes. All
settings remain unchanged.
F.11
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CHAPTER
F.12
Protocol and Pause

Properties
F.12
The protocols and pauses are characterized by numerous properties.

F.12
These properties include, e.g. their name, comment, copy references, start properties, and automatic loading of scanned
images into other task cards.
F.12
You can change the properties of protocols and pauses to influence how an examination is performed and evaluated.
F.12
You can adjust the properties of the pending protocols and
pauses during an examination.
F.12
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Examination
Editing protocol properties
F.12
The properties of a protocol is changed in the Protocol Step

Properties dialog box. You can call this dialog box from the
Exam Explorer or from the job list.
F.12
Calling from the Exam

Explorer
Select a protocol in the Exam Explorer.

F.12
Select Edit > Properties from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.12

Or
F.12

Or
F.12
Press the shortcut Alt + Enter on your keyboard.

F.12
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Calling from the job list
F.12
Select the pending protocol from the job list.

Or
F.12

Or
F.12

F.12
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Examination
Entering a protocol name
F.12
When you first open the Protocol step properties dialog box,
the Standard card is in the foreground. Enter a name and
description for the protocol on this card.
F.12
Give the protocol a unique name. The name of the protocol is
used as a series description for the images acquired with this
protocol and is shown, for example, in the Patient Browser. A
unique name should also clarify the function that the protocol
has in the scan program.
F.12
Enter a descriptive name for the protocol.
Add a description to the name, if necessary.

If you place the mouse pointer over a protocol entry in the
Exam Explorer or program control, a tool tip shows you the
name of the protocol and the respective comment.
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Defining start options
F.12
Before scanning, you normally have to position the graphic

objects defined in the protocol to make them match the anatomy of the patient. Only localizers and protocols not requiring
exact positioning can be started immediately (automatically). F.12
You can set the following start options on the Execution card: F.12
Starting a protocol without further preparation
Starting a protocol manually, once or several times
Automatically playing back a voice output before/after scanning
Go to the Execution subtask card.
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Starting scanning with /

without preparation
F.12
Examination
You will normally check the parameters and slice positioning of

the protocol before each scan.
F.12
Deselect the Start measurement without further preparation checkbox.
The protocol will be marked with a construction worker icon.
F.12
A protocol marked with a construction worker icon has the

status "incomplete" and cannot be started automatically by
the system.
Localizers are normally started immediately without checking

the parameters and slice positioning.
F.12
Select the Start measurement without further preparation checkbox.
The construction worker icon is removed.
F.12
A protocol without a construction worker icon has the status

"complete" and is started automatically as soon as it reaches
its turn in the queue.
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Examination
Starting scanning
manually
F.12
A protocol run is performed in three steps. 1) adjustments are

performed, 2) data are acquired, and 3) the images are reconstructed either afterward or at the same time.
F.12
For some examinations (e.g. protocols with breath-hold commands), it is better to set manual starting. In this case, the system will pause following adjustment. You can then give the
breath-hold command and start the scan manually.
Page F.621, Starting a protocol manually
F.12
Check the Wait for user to start checkbox.

If you have recorded an appropriate voice output on your system, you can perform this type of examination without manual
starting.
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Running a protocol once/

more than once
F.12
Examination
After you change the means of starting the protocol to manual,

you can also define whether to start the protocol once or several
times in succession.
F.12
Click the single measurement option.

Protocols set to run once only are marked in the scan program
with a "flagman with one flag" icon.
F.12
Multiple loading and starting of protocols is used, for example,

for examinations with contrast agent.
F.12
Click the multiple measurement option.
Protocols that can be loaded and run more than once are
marked in the scan program with a "flagman with several flags"
icon.
F.12
Prior to each new scan, a dialog box is displayed allowing you
to start the protocol.
F.12
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Examination
Playing back voice

output
F.12
Communicating with patients is an essential part of an examination. You need to tell the patient when scanning starts and
ends and give instructions such as breath-hold commands. Frequently required patient instructions are stored in your system
as voice outputs.
F.12
The Execution card is used to define whether a voice output
will be played back before scanning. Actual scanning then
starts automatically. You can also play back a voice output after
the end of scanning.
F.12
Activate the Before Measurement option.

Select a suitable voice output from the selection list.
Activate the After Measurement option.

Select a suitable voice output from the selection list.
Protocols with voice outputs are marked with a loudspeaker

icon in the scan program.
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Examination
Setting automatic saving and loading
F.12
Images and series acquired through scanning can be saved

automatically and loaded into other applications. These properties are set on the Auto load card.
F.12
Go to the Auto load card.
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Automatic image storage
F.12
For most protocols, the Auto store images property is defined

and cannot be deactivated.
F.12
In some cases (e.g. real-time protocols), you may deactivate
automatic storage and manually store single images from the
Inline Display.
Chapter F.10, Inline Display
F.12
Select the Auto store images checkbox.
Loading images into the

Viewing card
F.12
You can automatically load acquired series into the Viewing

task card after reconstruction for viewing, postprocessing, or
evaluation.
F.12
Automatic loading into the Viewing task card is not possible,
if more than 400 images are reconstructed from one protocol
run.
Select the Load images to viewer checkbox.
The images are loaded into the Viewer in the order of their
image numbering. You can influence the image numbering in
the protocol editor on the System-Common measurement
parameter card.
Page F.539, Parameters for image numbering
F.12
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Loading images into the

stamp segments
F.12
Examination
You can automatically load acquired series after reconstruction

into the stamp segments of the maestro layout of the Exam task
card.
Page F.172, Maestro layout
F.12
Select the Load images to stamp segments checkbox.
Loading images into

GSP
F.12
You can automatically load an acquired series into a GSP segment of the Exam task card after reconstruction and set automatic starting of movie display (inline movie).
Page F.1713, Movie display
F.12
Select the Load images to graphic segments checkbox.
Select the required GSP segment from the selection list.
Activating inline movie
F.12
If you want to view the scanned images in movie display, activate inline movie.
F.12
Select the Inline movie check box.
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Examination
Opening Inline Display

automatically
F.12
You can set the Inline Display to appear automatically while

the protocol is running. This enables you to check the images
as they are reconstructed.
Chapter F.10, Inline Display
F.12
Select the Auto open Inline Display check box.
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Examination
Setting a copy reference
F.12
Copy references are used to transfer the parameter settings

from a source protocol to a target protocol. Copy references
make it easier to define the parameter settings.
F.12
Click the Copy References card into foreground.
Activate the Copy reference is active check box.

Once the copy reference is activated, you can browse the lists
below and select the protocol with the parameter settings you
want to copy.
F.12
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Examination
The list of source protocols displays all protocols that are in

front of the selected protocol in the scan program and are not
themselves already the target of a copy reference.
F.12
Select the protocol from the Source protocol step list.

In the Copy parameter group list, select the parameter settings to be transferred from the source protocol to the target
protocol.
For each copy reference, you may copy only the settings of
parameter groups, not of single parameters.
Page F.645, Setting a copy reference
Scan protocols with a copy reference are marked with a copy
reference icon in the job list and in the content area of the Exam
Explorer. The number after the icon identifies the source protocol with the copied parameters.
F.12
If you position the mouse pointer over the copy reference

icon, a tool tip shows the parameter group of the copy reference.
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Examination
Displaying upgrade info
F.12
If a protocol has been modified by a software update, the Protocol step properties dialog box will contain the Upgrade Info
subtask card. This tells you what software update changed the
current scan protocol and who made the changes (change
information).
F.12
Protocols with upgrade info are marked by an underscore
under their name in the scan program.
Go to the Upgrade Info subtask card to view the change
information.
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Examination
Once you have read the change information, you can tell the
system not to display the Upgrade Info subtask card for this
protocol again.
F.12
Activate the Do not show this information again check

box.
The name's underscore disappears.
F.12
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Examination
Applying or rejecting the changed protocol

properties
F.12
The new settings are applied after you have finished editing
protocol properties on all subtask cards.
F.12

The dialog box closes and your changes are applied.
F.12
F.12
You can also close the Protocol step properties dialog box
without applying your changes.
F.12
If modify the content of any scan programs, a message box

will be displayed as you exit the content area. You will be
prompted to save the scan program with the changes or in its
original state.
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Examination
Editing pause properties
F.12
Scan pauses allow you to plan short interruptions in the examination sequence. You can use scan pauses to administer contrast agent, connect additional coils, or allow the patient to take
a short break.
F.12
The properties of a pause is changed in the Pause Step Properties dialog box. You can call this dialog box from the Exam
Explorer or from the job list.
F.12
The pause properties can only be processed in the part of the
job list that has not yet been executed.
Calling from the Exam
Explorer
F.12
Select a pause in the Exam Explorer.

Page F.1653, Inserting a scan pause
Explorer.
Or
F.12

Or
F.12

Or
F.12

The Pause Step Properties dialog box is displayed.
F.12
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Calling from the job list
F.12
Examination
Select a pause from the job list.

Or
F.12

Or
F.12

Or
F.12
Double-click on this pause.

The Pause step properties dialog box opens.
F.12
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Examination
Entering the pause name and comment
F.12
When you first open the Pause step properties dialog box, the
Standard card is on top. You can enter a name and comment
for the pause.
F.12
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Examination
The pause name you enter should describe the purpose of the
pause in the scan sequence.
F.12
Enter a name for the pause.
Add a comment, if required.

If you position the mouse pointer over a pause entry in the
Exam Explorer or program control, a tool tip displays the
pause name and the comment.
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Examination
Planning contrast agent administration
F.12
If you intend to use a pause for contrast agent administration,

enter the type and quantity of contrast agent on the Contrast
agent card.
Chapter F.7, Using a contrast agent
F.12
Click the Contrast Agent card into foreground.
Selecting a contrast agentF.12

Click the Contrast agent administration option to activate
the Contrast agent selection list and the Catalog button.
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Examination
Select the contrast agent to be administered in the selection

list.
You can also select the contrast agent from the Contrast Agent
Catalog.
F.12
Click the Catalog... button.

The Contrast Agent Catalog dialog box opens.
F.12
Select a contrast agent.
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Examination
Entering a new contrast

agent
If the contrast agent you want is not listed, you may enter it.
F.12
F.12
Click the Insert Agent button.

A new, blank line will be entered in the list of the contrast agent
F.12
catalog.
Enter a name for the contrast agent, the code value, the
active component, concentration, dilution, and a comment.
The newly entered contrast agent is now included in the catalog.
F.12
The values entered will be incorporated in the DICOM image
information whenever images are acquired with this contrast
agent.
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Deleting contrast agent
F.12
Examination
The steps are similar for deleting contrast agents you no longer
need.
F.12
Select the contrast medium you want to delete.
Click the Delete agent button.
F.12
The selected contrast agent will be deleted from the Contrast

Agent Catalog.
F.12
F.12
Confirming contrast agent

selection
F.12
The selected contrast agent is applied and the dialog box
closed.
F.12
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Applying or rejecting modified pause

properties
F.12
New settings are applied after you have finished editing pause
properties.
F.12

The dialog box closes and your changes are applied.
F.12
You may also close the Pause Step Properties dialog box without applying your changes.
F.12
Click the Abort button.
If you enter settings for contrast agent administration, the pause

instruction in your scan program will now be marked with a
syringe, indicating the contrast agent pause.
F.12

original state.
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CHAPTER
F.13
Printing protocols
F.13
You are able to either print out the parameter overview of protocols, contents of scan programs, examinations, and regions, or
write them to a PDF file (export).
F.13
N OT E
To print out material, connect the printer to your system
either locally or via a network. The program uses the default
settings of this printer. If no printer is connected, it is only
possible to output to a file (export).
F.13
The parameter overview enables you to directly compare the

parameter settings of the protocols.
F.13
The lists of contents provide you with an overview of the available examinations and scan programs, making selection easier.
F.13
Since these functions are time-consuming, they are generally
not used during clinical examinations.
F.13
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F.131
Printing protocols
Examination
Printing
This is the procedure for printing protocols:
F.13
F.13
Open print dialog box

Set printer
Set print range
Open print preview (optional)
Start printing
Opening the print dialog box
F.13
You may select one or more protocols, scan programs, examinations, or regions for printing and then open the print dialog
box.
F.13
If necessary, you are able to print an entire protocol tree in the
Exam Explorer. However, preparing such a large volume of
data for printing would take an inordinate length of time.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Printing protocols
Select the required objects in the Exam Explorer.

Select Object > Print from the menu.
Or
F.13
Select Print from the pop-up menu.

The Print dialog box opens.
F.13
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F.133
Printing protocols
Examination
Setting the printer
F.13
To be able to print protocols and lists of contents, a local or

network printer needs to be installed on your system.
Set the printer
F.13
All printers available on your system are included in the Print to

selection list. The default printer is preselected.
F.13
Select the desired printer from the Print to selection list.

The Type, Location, and Comment fields provide information
about the printer.
F.13
The default properties of the printers defined in the control

panel of the system are used for printing.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Printing protocols
Setting the print range
F.13
You set the print scope and the print options in the lower part of
the Print dialog box.
F.13
Print scope
F.13
You can restrict the print scope with the Only programs with
archive flag option. In this way, only protocols with changed
scan programs are printed.
F.13
This option is only activated if you have selected one or more
scan programs, examinations, or regions.
Changed scan programs are marked by an archive flag in the
properties dialog box of the Exam Explorer.
Page F.1629, "Archive" option
F.13
Select the Only programs with archive flag option.

If you want to restrict the print scope, deselect the option with
a mouse click.
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F.135
Printing protocols
Setting print options
Examination
F.13
The print options let you select the data to be printed.
F.13
Here is an explanation of the print options:
F.13
F.13
Print option
Explanation
Protocols
An overview of the parameter settings is printed for

all selected protocols. The settings are listed in the
same way as on the parameter cards.
Table of contents
A list of contents is printed for the selected scan

programs, examinations, or regions.
Protocols and table

of contents
Both the parameter overview and the list of contents

are printed.
Select the print option you require.

F.13
N OT E
When setting print output, remember that printing a large
selection of objects can take some time. If necessary, see if
you can reduce the number of objects selected.
F.13
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Operator Manual
Examination
Setting page
numbering
Printing protocols
F.13
The pages of the printed protocols can be numbered in two

ways:
F.13
F.13
Format
Explanation
Page only
Simple page format, not showing the total number of

pages. Only the page with a plus or minus sign is
shown.
The plus sign indicates that there are more pages to
follow. The minus sign identifies the last page of the
print-out.
Example: Page 3+ or Page 5Advantage: Print data using this page numbering
format is prepared much faster than page numbering
including running total number of pages.
Page with total

pages
This format prints the page number with the total

number of pages. Example: Page 5 / 10.
Use the Print total number of pages option to set the page
numbering format.
F.13
If you want to see the total number of pages, select the Print
total number of pages option.
If you do not want to see the total number of pages, deselect
the option again with a mouse click.
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F.137
Printing protocols
Examination
Print preview of protocols
F.13
Before printing protocols or lists of contents, you are able to

view the contents of the print-out (or export).
F.13
The preview includes a number of functions that allow you to
change the display of the print data. You can also print the data
directly from the preview.
F.13
Opening the print
preview
F.13
Click the Preview button in the Print dialog box.

A progress indicator appears that can be used to cancel printing, if necessary.
F.13
To cancel printing, click the Cancel button.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Printing protocols
The print data are prepared and displayed in the Preview window.
F.13
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F.139
Printing protocols
Changing the display

of the print preview
Examination
F.13
You can change display of the print preview via buttons (in the
lower part of the dialog box).
F.13
F.13
Function
Description
These arrows allow you to jump one page forward
or backward.
These arrows allow you to jump to the beginning
or the end of the report.
These buttons provide various zoom levels
enabling you to view fine details on the display.
The + button enlarges views by a factor of 2, the button reduces views by a factor of 2, the 1:1 tool
resets the display to the default zoom setting.
Click the button for the desired function.

The display changes accordingly.
F.13
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Operator Manual
Examination
Printing from the print

preview
Printing protocols
You can print the displayed data directly from the preview.
F.13
F.13
F.13
Alternatively, you can close the preview and print from the
print dialog box. In this case the print data would have to be
prepared again.
Click the Print button.
The displayed data are printed via the default printer of the sysF.13
tem.
If no default printer is set on your system, the Print button is
dimmed and printing cannot be started. The printer needs to
be installed.
Closing the print preview
F.13
The print preview is closed as follows:
F.13

Or
F.13

The displayed print preview is terminated.
F.13
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F.1311
Printing protocols
Examination
Starting to print
F.13
After you have set the desired parameters, printing begins.
F.13
Click the OK button in the print dialog box.

The selected data are sent to the selected printer. The print dialog box is closed automatically. The prepared protocol data are
printed out.
F.13
A progress indicator appears that can be used to cancel printing, if necessary.
F.13
To cancel printing, click the Cancel button.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Printing protocols
Exporting data into a file
F.13
You are able to print protocols and lists of contents directly into
a PDF file. This is useful if the system does not have a printer
or if you want to take the data to another location for printing.F.13
The procedure for exporting protocol data into a PDF file differs
only slightly from printing data.
F.13
Open the print dialog box.
Page F.132, Opening the print dialog box
Select the Print to item from the Adobe PDF File selection
list.
The File name input box is active. Example:
F.13
N OT E
The first time you export data, the File Name input box is
empty. On subsequent exports, it always suggests the path
used for the previous export.
F.13
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F.1313
Printing protocols
Export settings
Examination
F.13
The following storage directories are available:
F.13
You can store the data in the default directory T:\. This
default directory is the local directory C:\temp on your system.
You can store the data on a diskette in drive A:\.
You can place the data in the directory for data to be
recorded on CD-ROM. This directory is on drive U:\. The
data on drive U:\ can be burned onto CD-ROM later.
You can place the data on another (accessible) network
drive.
Click this button.
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F.1314
Operator Manual
Examination
Printing protocols
The storage dialog box opens:
F.13
Set the required storage location on your system here.
N OT E
The storage dialog box allows you to create subdirectories
on drives A:\, T:\, and U:\. Similarly, you may delete
subdirectories and files.
F.13
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F.1315
Printing protocols
Examination
Enter a name for the export file in the File name field.
The next step is to transfer the settings back to the print dialog
box.
F.13
The storage dialog box closes and the settings (storage directory, name of export file) are entered as the path in the File
name field.
F.13
F.13
Further settings
F.13
Set the print range.

Page F.135, Setting the print range
If you want to check the data to be exported, open the print
preview.
Page F.138, Print preview of protocols
Starting to export
F.13
Once you have made all settings, you can start exporting.
F.13
Click the OK button in the print dialog box.

The selected data are exported to the required PDF file. The
print dialog box is closed automatically.
F.13
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Operator Manual
Examination
Printing protocols
A progress indicator for data export appears that can be used

to cancel exporting, if necessary.
F.13
The displayed data are exported.
F.13
To cancel exporting, click the Cancel button.
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F.1317
Printing protocols
Examination
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Operator Manual
SAR and Stimulation

Monitoring
CHAPTER
F.14
F.14
Examinations with MR systems may trigger physiological

effects in patients. These effects are caused by radio-frequency
fields or by magnetic fields varying over time.
F.14
Temperature rise due to

radio frequency
F.14
The patient is in a radio-frequency field during the examination.

Part of this electromagnetic radiation is absorbed by the
patient's body tissue and converted into heat.
F.14
The RF power per kg of body mass absorbed by the patient is
called the specific absorption rate (SAR). It is expressed in W/
kg. If the SAR exceeds thermal regulation capacity of the
patient, his/her body temperature will rise.
F.14
Stimulation due to varying

magnetic fields
F.14
In addition to the RF field, electrical currents affect the patient

during the examination. The magnetic flux generated by the
gradient coil changes over time. This change can be expressed
mathematically as dB/dt.
F.14
Peripheral nerve stimulation may result if dB/dt (and therefore
the strength of the electrical currents) rises above a certain
value characteristic for each patient. Nerve stimulation manifests itself as e.g. tingling sensations or slight muscle spasms
in the ribs, side, abdomen, hip, buttock, or thorax region, on the
upper arm or the back muscles in the shoulder region.
F.14
Avoiding physiological
effects
F.14
Your system automatically monitors the SAR and dB/dt load on

the patient. Different operating modes are taken into account to
avoid physiological effects.
F.14
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F.141
Operating modes
Examination
F.14
SAR and stimulation monitoring may be performed in two operating modes. Normal mode and First level controlled operating mode.
F.14
Normal operating mode

Normal mode
F.14
During a scan the system observes especially strict limit values

so that the patient is not subjected to any special temperature
rise and muscle stimulation is prevented.
F.14
Normal mode is the default setting at the beginning of an
examination.
F.14
First level controlled

operating mode (First
level mode)
F.14
The patient may experience a clearly noticeable sensation of

warmth if you have activated First level mode. If stimulation
monitoring is performed in First level mode, increased dB/dt
values may cause the patient to experience slight peripheral
nerve stimulation.
F.14
The decision to switch to First level mode is the duty of the person with medical responsibility.
Page F.1414, Switching modes
Page F.1432, Stimulation threshold exceeded
F.14
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Operator Manual
Examination
SAR limit values
F.14
The specific absorption rate (SAR) is calculated and monitored

for the areas whole body, partial body, and local RF stress.
The limits applied are set in accordance with the guidelines
applicable to your country.
F.14
The various regions are defined differently and have different
limit values. For example, the permissible SAR limit value for
local exposure may be higher than the SAR limit value for the
whole body. For this reason, several limit values apply in each
mode.
F.14
The SAR limits depend on the ambient temperature as well. At
a room temperature of > 25C, the permitted SAR limits are
decreased.
F.14
Limit values according to

stimulation models
F.14
Stimulation monitoring is based on stimulation models. These

models are used to calculate the threshold values (limit of Normal mode) and stimulation limits (limit of First level mode)
depending on the gradient coils.
F.14
SAFE model
The threshold values and stimulation limits are determined
by semi-empirical procedures that take the results of extensive clinical trials into consideration. At the threshold value,
stimulation is possible in no more than 1% of patients. At the
stimulation limit, the probability of stimulation is 50%.
dB/dt model
The statutory dB/dt restrictions are included in the calculation of the threshold values and stimulation limits.
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F.143
Examination
Stimulation monitoring according to the SAFE model is performed on a regular basis. Depending on country-specific
guidelines, the dB/dt model may be additionally applied.
F.14
F.14
NOTE
SAR and dB/dt monitoring of the limit values is performed
automatically by the system software.
F.14
Correct automatic monitoring presupposes compliance with
the prescribed sequence of operations.
F.14
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F.144
Operator Manual
Examination
Display of the mode
F.14
The status bar shows you the operating mode used for the current sequence.
F.14
The abbreviations represent the operating modes for stimulation monitoring (Stimu) and SAR monitoring (SAR):
NM (Normal mode)
The limit values for Normal mode are being observed.
FL (First level mode)
The controlled First level mode is active. The SAR values or
dB/dt values can exceed the limits of Normal mode.
SP (stimulation possible)
This mode is only possible with stimulation monitoring
according to the SAFE model. Stimulation can occur during
the scan in progress.
Switching to the First level mode is possible e.g. during automatic SAR or stimulation monitoring.
Page F.1433, Switch to First level mode
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F.145
Examination
Automatic SAR monitoring
F.14
The weight, age, sex, and position of the registered patient are
used directly to calculate the SAR monitoring. For this reason,
it is important to enter the patient data correctly during patient
registration.
F.14
The expected SAR values will be calculated as soon as you
load a new protocol. It not possible to start scanning unless all
limit values are observed.
F.14
During the scan, your system monitors compliance with the limit
values using the transmitting power which is measured continuously. If the permissible transmitting power is exceeded, the
system will shut down immediately. This eliminates the possibility of exceeding the limit values.
F.14
We recommend to set the temperature of the examination room
to 21C, since a higher ambient temperature may lead to SAR
limits that are too low.
F.14
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Operator Manual
Examination
Display of the necessary registration
F.14
Because correct patient registration is of central importance for

SAR monitoring, the system monitors events that indicate a
change in patients (patient registration, table movement).
F.14
At the beginning of a new examination, the patient table is
moved out completely (to the home position) so that you can
position the next patient on the table. For this reason, your system assumes that moving to the HOME position and registering
a new patient are always associated with a change of patient. F.14
The system will display a warning should only one of the two
events occur.
F.14
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F.147
Moving to the HOME

position
F.14
Examination
The following message is displayed if you load the next protocol

after moving the table to the HOME position but do not register
another patient first.
F.14
If this registered patient is really on the table, you may continue

scanning.
F.14
Click Yes.
Scanning starts.
F.14
If these patient data do not apply to the current patient, cancel

the scan.
F.14
Click on No or close the dialog box using the ESC key or the
icon in the top right corner of the window.
Scanning will be stopped. You are prompted to register a new
patient.
F.14
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F.148
Operator Manual
Examination
Table not moved out

during registration
F.14
If you have registered a new patient for examination although

the patient table has not been moved out completely, your system will display the following warning before the start of the next
scan.
F.14
If this registered patient is really on the table, you may continue

scanning.
F.14
Click Yes.
Scanning starts.
F.14
If these patient data do not apply to the current patient, cancel

the scan.
F.14
Click on No or close the dialog box using the ESC key or the
icon in the top right corner of the window.
Scanning will be stopped. A message on the status bar
prompts you to register a new patient.
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F.149
Examination
Calculated SAR higher than the limit value
F.14
A protocol will not be loaded if your system has calculated in

advance that the SAR limit values would be exceeded for this
scan. The SAR Limit(s) Exceeded dialog box is displayed on
the Exam card.
F.14
(1) Buttons for selecting the SAR mode

(2) Name of the program step and the sequence
(3) Current and recommended measurement parameters
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F.1410
Operator Manual
Examination
You may perform one of the following steps to continue the

examination:
F.14
Change one or more of the protocol parameters so that the
SAR remains below the limit values.
Switch to First level mode (only if appropriate for the physical condition of the patient).
Skip the planned protocol and continue scanning with the
subsequent protocol.
Changing measurement
parameters in the dialog
box
F.14
The lower part of the SAR Limit(s) Exceeded! window recommends parameters you can use to avoid exceeding the SAR
limit values.
F.14
While recommendations are made for one parameter each (TR,
images or flip angles), the parameter depends on the values of
other parameters.
If tolerated by the program, you are able to add a pause after
the protocol has been measured.
F.14
Remember that any changes you make to the parameters

may increase scan time and affect image quality.
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F.1411
Examination
Activate the Wait ... seconds after measurement option to

insert a pause.
Select a suggested change from the SAR Limit(s)
Exceeded! dialog box.
Click OK to confirm your setting.
Scanning will then start automatically.
F.14
If a change option is dimmed, this means that no change suggestion is available for that particular protocol parameter.
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F.1412
Operator Manual
Examination
Opening a measurement
parameter in the protocol
F.14
You may open the protocol yourself and make appropriate

adjustments to the parameters on the parameter cards.
F.14
This method is especially useful if all of the recommended
changes in the SAR Limit(s) Exceeded! dialog box are
dimmed.
F.14
For example, reducing the number and thickness of saturation
slices also decreases the SAR load. You may also set the RF
pulse type Low SAR on the Sequence/Part 2 parameter card.
F.14
Click Open Protocol.

Change the appropriate parameters on the parameter cards.
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F.1413
Examination
Switching modes
F.14
You can switch from Normal mode to controlled First level

mode in the SAR Limit(s) Exceeded! dialog box. It is then possible to run the protocol with the intended measurement parameters or, at least, the amount of required parameter changes will
be smaller.
F.14
F.14
WA R N I N G
The increased RF load in First level mode may pose a
hazard to the health of the patient.
F.14
Always use Normal mode to examine patients with
impaired heat regulation, patients with a higher than
normal body temperature or pregnant patients.
Always use Normal mode for examinations of fetuses,
testicles, and eyes using local transmitter coils. In addition, please note the special restrictions applying to
these coils.
F.14
WA R N I N G
The increased RF load in First level mode may pose a
hazard to the health of the patient.
F.14
In First level mode, you must monitor the patient carefully (e.g. using a squeeze bulb or pulse sensor).
Ensure that the climate in the examination room is controlled accordingly.
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F.1414
Operator Manual
Examination
N OT E
Normal mode is activated automatically as soon as you
register a new patient.
F.14
First level mode remains active while you are examining
the current patient until you switch modes manually. F.14
Click the First level button in the SAR Limit(s) Exceeded!

dialog box.
The SAR Monitor dialog box opens.
F.14
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F.1415
Examination
Click OK in the SAR Monitor dialog box to switch to First

level mode.
The SAR Limit(s) Exceeded! dialog now shows the First level
button as depressed, and the recommended parameters are
adjusted for this mode.
F.14
Click OK to run the protocol in First level mode.
If you want to return to Normal mode, close the SAR Monitor
dialog box.
F.14
Click either Cancel or the close window icon, or press the
ESC key.
All suggestions dimmed
F.14
If all suggested changes are dimmed in First level mode, try

changing the parameters directly in the protocol until you are
permitted to scan in First level mode.
F.14
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F.1416
Operator Manual
Examination
Skipping the scan
F.14
Click Cancel in the SAR Limit(s) Exceeded! dialog box to

skip the scan.
The protocol is marked as canceled in the job list. The next protocol is loaded.
F.14
Switching back to
Normal mode
F.14
You may set Normal mode in the SAR Limit(s) Exceeded! dialog box as follows.
F.14
Click the Normal mode button.
F.14
N OT E
The load on the patient may be above the Normal mode.
To ensure that the load status of the patient returns to the
Normal mode level, a pause of at least 3 minutes must be
observed. Otherwise, scanning is shut down by online
monitoring. The online monitoring evaluates the patient
load and shuts down when a permissible limit is violated. F.14
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F.1417
The SAR Monitor dialog box opens.
Examination
F.14

The system switches to Normal mode.
F.14
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F.1418
Operator Manual
Examination
SAR message on other task cards
F.14
If a task card other than Exam is open and the SAR limit is
exceeded, scanning will be stopped or not even started. The
Warning: Examination interrupted! window is displayed. F.14
Click the Exam button to switch to the Exam task card.

The SAR Limit(s) Exceeded! dialog box is displayed and you
can change the parameters.
Page F.1410, Calculated SAR higher than the limit value
F.14
Click Cancel if you want to continue working in the current

task card and do not want to edit the protocol until later.
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F.1419
Examination
Displaying SAR information
F.14
Your system allows you to view the data of the current protocol
that is relevant to SAR monitoring.
F.14
SAR meter
F.14
The SAR button on the tool card for the task card Exam contains a level indicator. This indicator lets you determine to what
degree the estimated (look ahead) highest and therefore limiting SAR value of the measurement approximates the critical
SAR limit.
The SAR display is not updated during the measurement; for
this reason it does not show the current SAR load for the
patient.
Dialog box
SAR information
F.14
The SAR Information window provides detailed information

regarding parameters for SAR monitoring.
F.14
Select Options > SAR Info....

Or
F.14
Click the SAR Information button.

The SAR Information window is displayed with the Prediction,
Status, Patient, as well as Protocol and Current subtask
cards.
F.14
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F.1420
Operator Manual
Examination
In addition to the specific entries on the different subcards, the

dialog box SAR Information shows the operating mode currently set.
F.14
(1) Currently set operating mode

(2) Buttons to switch over to the operating mode for the next
scan
The buttons Normal mode and First level allow you to change
the operating mode for the next scan.
F.14
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F.1421
Examination
Displaying predicted SAR values
F.14
The subtask card Prediction displays the SAR values estimated for the current scan for all monitored anatomical areas. F.14
Click the Prediction subtask card to foreground.
(1) Relative SAR value of all monitored body regions.

(2) Bar display for the highest SAR value
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F.1422
Operator Manual
Examination
Monitored body regions
F.14
Display of the body regions depends on both the transmitter coil

used and the SAR guidelines in effect for your system.
F.14
Relative SAR values
F.14
SAR values are shown as relative SAR values. The percentages provided refer to the respective SAR limits.
F.14
If one of the values exceeds 100%, the respective SAR limit
value is exceeded. This may be the case, e.g. when you select
a high-performance RF protocol in the Normal mode.
F.14
(1) SAR limit value has been exceeded

(2) Predicted SAR is below the limit value
(3) This region is not SAR-controlled or monitored at all
SAR monitoring involves observing different limits for different
SAR aspects.
Page F.143, SAR limit values
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F.1423
Bar display
F.14
Examination
A bar displays the SAR value that is currently the highest (the
one that should be limited).
F.14
The estimated (predicted) SAR value is shown below the bar

chart. The permissible limit is shown above it.
F.14
If the SAR value is outside the green range, the permissible limit
value has been exceeded for the operating mode currently
selected.
F.14
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F.1424
Operator Manual
Examination
Displaying the SAR status
F.14
The Status subtask card provides information regarding the

current status of SAR monitoring.
F.14
Go to the Status subtask card.
(1) Current mode (patient mode or service)

(2) Result of the last SAR check
(3) Legal guidelines for SAR monitoring
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F.1425
Examination
Querying SAR-relevant patient data
F.14
Ensure that the patient data are correct before the SAR limits
are calculated. You can check the patient data on the Patient
subtask card. If the data are incorrect, you have to register the
patient again.
F.14
Go to the Patient subtask card to display the patient data relevant to the SAR.
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F.1426
Operator Manual
Examination
F.14
SAR weight
F.14
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Patient Name
Sex of the patient
Age of patient
The body weight entered during patient registration
Weight actually used for SAR monitoring
Patient orientation with respect to magnet
Accumulated specific RF dose
In certain cases, the SAR body weight may differ from the registered body weight.
F.14
The system compares the Registered body weight with statistical population data and corrects it in case of deviations. The
corrected weight is the SAR body weight.
F.14
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F.1427
Examination
Displaying information about the protocol
F.14
SAR-relevant information about the current protocol are shown

on the Protocol subtask card.
F.14
Go to the Protocol subtask card.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Name of current program instruction

Sequence used
Measurement duration
Medium RF power
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F.1428
Operator Manual
Examination
Displaying current SAR values
F.14
The subtask card Current displays the current SAR values for
all monitored anatomical areas.
F.14
Click the Current subtask card into foreground.
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F.1429
Examination
The display of the monitored anatomical regions corresponds to

the display on the subtask card Prediction.
Page F.1423, Monitored body regions
F.14
As compared to the subtask card Prediction the entered relative SAR values show the current SAR load of the patient. The
values are updated whenever the subtask card Current is
selected.
F.14
Analogous to the subtask card Prediction a bar chart is shown
for the highest and therefore limiting SAR value.
Page F.1424, Bar display
F.14
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Operator Manual
Examination
Automatic stimulation monitoring

Your system includes automatic simulation monitoring.
F.14
F.14
Every time you load a new protocol, the system uses the stimulation models to check whether stimulation may occur during
scanning.
F.14
When stimulation monitoring is active in the Normal mode, it is
not possible to start a scan that would exceed the stimulation
threshold. Nerve stimulation is not expected in Normal mode.F.14
If the system switches to Stimulation possible (SP) mode, the
higher limits will be taken into account. In this case, nerve stimulation may occur during scanning. However, it is not possible
to start a protocol if the system precalculates that the stimulation limit would be exceeded. In this case, you have to e.g. lower
the dB/dt values by making appropriate changes to the measurement parameters.
F.14
Even during scanning, stimulation monitoring is active and controls the actual value gradient signals. If the stimulation limits
are exceeded, active scanning is stopped immediately and the
gradient currents are reset. This eliminates the possibility of
exceeding the limit values.
F.14
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F.1431
Examination
Unlike in SAR monitoring, patient data such as age, weight

are not used for the stimulation models. With respect to stimulation monitoring, a protocol may either be run for all patients
or for no patients.
Stimulation threshold exceeded
F.14
The following dialog box will appear if your system detects that
the pending scan exceeds the stimulation threshold.
F.14
0.0
F.1432
Operator Manual
Examination
Switch to First
level mode
You may start scanning despite possible stimulation.
F.14
F.14
Click OK in the Stimulation Monitor - Warning! dialog box.

Stimulation monitoring is now performed in the controlled First
level operating mode. The abbreviation SP appears on the status bar whenever the stimulation threshold is exceeded for the
current scan.
Page F.145, Display of the mode
F.14
Skipping a scan protocol
F.14
You may skip the current protocol.
F.14
Click Cancel in the Stimulation Monitor - Warning! dialog

box.
The dialog box closes. The next protocol in the job list is loaded.F.14
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F.1433
Stimulation limit reached
Examination
F.14
A protocol is not loaded if the stimulation limit (First level mode

limit) would be exceeded during the scan.
F.14
The Stimulation Monitor - Stimulation Limit Exceeded! dialog box is displayed on the Exam task card.
F.14
To continue running the protocol, you can modify the parameters in 3 different ways:
F.14
Have the system calculate suitable parameter changes and
display them in the Stimulation Monitor - Recommendations dialog box. Apply these parameter changes.
Change the gradient mode of the protocol in the Stimulation
Monitor - Recommendations dialog box.
Open the protocol and change one or more measurement
parameters on the parameter cards so that the stimulation
limit is no longer exceeded.
0.0
F.1434
Operator Manual
Examination
Calculating parameter
changes
F.14
Have the system calculate recommended changes to the measurement parameters that are below the stimulation limit.
F.14
Click the Calculate button in the Stimulation Monitor
Stimulation Limit Exceeded! dialog box.
The Stimulation Monitor - Recommendations dialog box is
displayed.
F.14
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1) Name of the protocol and the sequence

(2) Current and recommended measurement parameters
(3) Current parameters modified by changes to the gradient
mode
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F.1435
Examination
Select one of the recommended changes.
If a change option is dimmed, this means no suggested

change is available for that particular measurement parameter.
Changing a gradient modeF.14
You may also set a new, slower gradient mode. The system will
modify the gradient slope iteratively until the simulation limit is
no longer exceeded. As a result, changes are made to the TE,
TR, and measurement time.
F.14
Change the gradient mode by activating the Adapt to option.
The modified gradient mode in a protocol is marked by an asterisk on the Sequence/Part2 parameter card.
Page F.567, Parameter card Sequence Part 2
F.14
Click OK to confirm the new setting.

The protocol starts automatically.
F.14
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Operator Manual
Examination
Editing the protocol
F.14
If there are no changes for the current protocol, the dialog box
Stimulation Monitor - Recommendations is displayed along
with the message "Measurement not possible!" Change the
protocol."
F.14
You may only modify the parameters on the parameter cards.
F.14
Click Open Protocol.
You may combine several parameter changes in the parameter
cards.
F.14
Skipping a scan protocol
F.14
You can skip the protocol if the system precalculates a violation

of the stimulation limit.
F.14
Click Cancel in the Stimulation Monitor Stimulation
Limit Exceeded! dialog box.
The protocol is marked as canceled in the job list and the next
protocol is loaded.
F.14
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F.1437
Examination
Stimulation message on other task cards
F.14
The scan will not start if you are working on a task card other
than the Exam card and your system precalculates that the
stimulation limit would be exceeded.
F.14
The Stimulation Monitor - Message window opens. You may

continue working on the task card currently open or switch to
the Exam card, e.g. to edit the protocol.
F.14
Click the Exam button to switch to the Exam card.

The Stimulation Monitor - Stimulation Limit Exceeded! window opens.
Page F.1434, Stimulation limit reached
F.14
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F.1438
Operator Manual
Examination
Or
F.14
Click Calculate if you want your system to calculate suitable

parameter changes.
The previous application remains open and a message is displayed as soon as the parameter changes have been calculated. If you switch to the Exam card, the Stimulation Monitor
- Recommendations window will be displayed including the
calculated parameter adjustments.
F.14
Or
F.14
Click Cancel to skip the scan.

The protocol is marked as canceled in the job list and the next
F.14
protocol is loaded.
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F.1439
Examination
Information for stimulation

monitoring
F.14
You may query the threshold/limit values and other parameters

important for automatic stimulation monitoring of the current
protocol.
F.14
Select System > Stimulation Monitor - Information to display information about stimulation monitoring.
The Stimulation Monitor - Information window opens with the
SAFE subtask card and (depending on country-specific
approval) the dB/dt card.
F.14
The SAFE subtask card
F.14
The SAFE subtask card contains a list of calculated and measured parameters that are taken into account in the SAFE
model.
Page F.143, Limit values according to stimulation models F.14
To query the stimulation parameters according to the SAFE
model, go to the SAFE subtask card.
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Operator Manual
Examination
The left-hand side of the subtask card displays the precalculated parameter values of the stimulation monitoring. The measured data is shown on the right. The data refer to the protocol
in progress or just completed.
F.14
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1) Safety factor for the stimulation forecast

The probability that stimulation will occur is estimated to be
higher by this factor than calculated.
(2) Maximum approximation to the stimulation limit (in %)
(3) Information about whether the stimulation threshold or the
stimulation limit has been exceeded.
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F.1441
The dB/dt subtask card
Examination
F.14
The country-specific regulations determine whether monitoring

is performed by taking the statutory dB/dt limit values into
account on your system. In this case, you may also select the
dB/dt subtask card.
F.14
F.14
0.0
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
F.15
Physiologically Controlled
Scans
F.15
Physiological movements in the body, such as heart beats or

respiration, can cause motion artifacts. Such artifacts are recognizable in the image as e.g. noise or distortion.
F.15
You can avoid these motion artifacts by synchronizing physiological signals (ECG signal, pulse, respiration) with the scans.
Physiologically triggered scans also enable you to create cine
studies of motion cycles, such as the functioning of a heart
valve.
F.15
Two scan methods are currently used, namely triggering or retrospective gating.
F.15
Triggering involves using a characteristics position in the physiological signal curve as the trigger for scanning. Triggering is
possible using ECG signals, pulse signals, respiration signals,
and external trigger signals.
F.15
Retrospective gating involves retrospectively correlating the
acquired image data with the curve of a physiological signal.
Retrospective gating can be applied using ECG signals, pulse
signals, and external trigger signals.
F.15
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Examination
The Physiological Display window lets you track physiological

signal curves.
F.15
The special parameters for triggering or retrogating scan methods are set on the Physio parameter card.
F.15
F.15
N OT E
You can only perform physiologically controlled scans if
your system includes a PMU display.
F.15
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Operator Manual
Examination
Preparing a physiologically
controlled scan
F.15
Physiologically triggered scans are performed the same way as

regular MR examinations. However, you have to perform a few
additional preparations, and there are additional settings as
well as control options.
F.15
Applying sensors
F.15
Position sensors on the patient prior to a physiologically triggered scan. These sensors pick up the signals used for physiologically triggering.
F.15
ECG electrodes for recording the ECG
Pulse sensor for recording the pulse curve
Respiratory cushion for recording the respiratory curve
PMU display
F.15
The signal curves of the sensors are shown on the PMU display
integrated in the housing of the magnet. This allows you to
check whether the quality of the signals is satisfactory while you
are in the examination room.
F.15
You monitor the physiological signals on the Physiological
Display dialog box in the control room.
Page F.155, Monitoring signals on the physiological displayF.15
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F.153
Trigger indication
F.15
Examination
You can listen to the trigger signal (a short beep) via the intercom system. Use the slide switch on the console to adjust the
volume of the beep.
see System Manual
F.15
Loading the Scan

Program
F.15
Once you have finished the preparation steps, select a scan

program for your examination.
F.15
Select the required scan program from the Program card.
Transfer the scan program into the Program Control.
On completion of the localizer, the first protocol is opened.
Adjust the slices graphically and set the measurement parameters.
Page F.430, Graphic slice positioning (GSP)
Chapter F.5, Adjusting Measurement Parameters
F.15
0.0
F.154
Operator Manual
Examination
Monitoring signals on the

physiological display
F.15
You have attached the sensors to the patient in the examination

room and are observing the signals in the Physiological Display window. You may also use the Physiological Display window to select an ECG lead and to check the long-term statistical
values.
F.15
Select View > Physiological Display.
Or
F.15
F.15
Click the button in the toolbar of the Exam task card.

The Physiological Display window is displayed to the right of
the image area. You can resize or move this window around the
screen.
F.15
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F.155
Changing window
display
F.15
Examination
There are two display modes for the Physiological Display

window.
F.15
Without a border (default setting)
With a border
Select Border from the context menu.
The Physiological Display window is displayed with its title
bar, status bar, and buttons. The size of the physiological signals does not change in the display.
F.15
(1) Title bar

(2) Image area for display of signal curves
(3) Buttons for setting the speed and operating the physiological display
(4) Symbol for a standard trigger
(5) List for selecting the physiological signal
(6) Online statistical values
(7) Status bar
If you want to display the Physiological Display window

without the title bar, status bar, and buttons, deselect Border
in the context menu.
0.0
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Operator Manual
Examination
Displaying physiological
signals
F.15
The physiological signals are displayed in the image area of the

window. They move from right to left. If you enlarge or reduce
the window, the signals in the image area will be displayed
enlarged or reduced accordingly.
F.15
F.15
Setting the recording

speed
F.15
F.15
Slow
Medium
Fast
The speed at which the signals move across the image area
may be set to one of three levels.
F.15
Click one of these buttons to select a recording speed.
Or
F.15
Select Slow, Medium or Fast from the context menu.
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F.157
Selecting a signal
F.15
Examination
You may only select up to two signals for display in the Physiological Display window, even if more than two sensors are connected.
F.15
To display the first signal, select ECG I, ECG aVF, Pulse,

Respiration, or Ext. Signal.
The selected signal will be displayed in the image area.
F.15
Displaying a second
signal
F.15
You may have two signals displayed. The tracks for the two signals are synchronized in time.
F.15
Click the 2nd Track button.

Or
F.15
Select 2nd Track in the context menu.
Signal 1
Signal 2
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F.158
Operator Manual
Examination
Online statistical values
F.15
F.15
The online statistical values are displayed to the right of the

curve. They show the values currently being measured by the
system. For an ECG, for example, the current cardiac rate and
cycle are displayed.
F.15
Long-term statistical
values
F.15
In addition to current data, the system also collects signal data

over a longer period to calculate the average value, standard
deviation, minimum, maximum, as well as the system acquisition window.
F.15
Click the Statistics button to display these data.

Or
F.15
Select Statistics from the context menu.
Long-term statistics
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F.159
Resetting the long-term

statistics
F.15
Examination
The system calculates the system acquisition window from the

long-term statistics. Once the patient has become accustomed
to having the measurements taken after a few minutes, their
respiration, pulse, or heart rate will become calmer.
F.15
You should then reset the long-term statistics to have the system calculate current values again. The system acquisition window will also be updated.
F.15
Click the Reset Stat button.

Or
F.15
Select Reset statistics from the context menu.
Faulty contact
F.15
The system detects poor sensor contact. Relevant error messages are displayed on the status bar of the Physiological Display window when Border display mode is set:
F.15
Lead error (with ECG)
Sensor not connected (with pulse sensor)
Current ECG El. are connected
0.0
F.1510
Operator Manual
Examination
Graphic display of time

ranges
F.15
The various time ranges of a scan are indicated during scanning in a bar below the first signal curve in the Physiological
Display window.
F.15
Each time range is assigned a different color:
F.15
(1) Delay time - gray

(2) Scan interval (scan acquisition window) - green
(3) Scan pause (e.g. transmission of saturation pulses) - dark
green
(4) Timeout - red
Page F.1524, Graphic display of the time ranges
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
The following restrictions apply to the display of time ranges: F.15
No time ranges are displayed for the second track.

With display rate Fast no time ranges are displayed.
With display rate Medium time ranges are displayed.
With display rate Slow time ranges are displayed if the
selected signal is a respiratory signal or an external signal.
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F.1511
Display of trigger
information
Examination
Trigger information is displayed above the physiological curve.

F.15
F.15
Standard trigger - appears for triggering and for retrogating
0.0
F.1512
Operator Manual
Examination
Setting parameters
F.15
To perform a physiologically controlled scan, you have to set

additional measurement parameters on the Physio parameter
card.
F.15
Before you set the measurement parameters, we recommend
resetting the long-term statistics using the Reset Stat button
of the Physiological Display dialog box to obtain the most
current value for the Average cycle parameter.
Page F.1510, Resetting the long-term statistics
Page F.1519, Average cycle
Click the Reset Stat button in the Physiological Display
window.
Or
F.15
Select Reset statistics from the context menu.
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F.1513
Displaying the Physio

parameter card
F.15
Examination
Click the Physio tab to move the parameter card into foreground.
The Physio parameter card is divided into several subtask
cards. Different subtask cards are shown depending on the
installed and configured PMU and on the sequence the protocol
is based on.
F.15
Signal 1
Use the Signal 1 subtask card to set the parameters for the
1st physiological signal.
Cardio
Use the Cardio subtask card to set the parameters for cardiac examinations.
PACE
This subtask card is used to set additional parameters to correct breath-hold motion and for multiple breath-hold scans.
The Cardiac and PACE subtask cards are described in:

Chapter F.5
F.15
0.0
F.1514
Operator Manual
Examination
Setting ECG triggering
F.15
ECG triggering is especially useful for thoracic and cardiac

scans to avoid image blurring caused by the heartbeat during
regular scans.
F.15
Signal 1 subtask card
F.15
Click the Signal 1 subtask card to move it into foreground.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1515
Examination
(1) Signal and mode selection

(2) Average time between two trigger events and standard
deviation
(3) Current, captured average cycle
(4) Acquisition window
(5) Trigger counter
(6) Delay time
(7) Target RR (average heart rate of the patient)
(8) Repetition time TR
(9) Number of concatenations
(10) Number of segments
(11) Graphic display of scan times
(12) Number of cardiac phases
(13) Arrhythmia detection
(14) Size of acquisition window
(15) Limit display of numeric parameters
0.0
F.1516
Operator Manual
Examination
The display of the Signal 1 subtask card depends on the signal

setting.
F.15
Use the 1st Signal/Mode selection list to enter the physiological signal to be used for triggering. You may also select the scan
mode at this time.
F.15
Select ECG/Trigger from the selection list.
The ECG Signal shows the action potential of the heart in the
form of a curve.
F.15
The individual curve phases correspond to the respective contraction or relaxation phases of the heart. The R wave in the
QRS complex is used as triggering point for the scan.
F.15
P
Q S
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F.1517
Examination
The signal curve for ECG triggering may be illustrated as follows:

F.15
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
System acquisition window

Scan acquisition window
Average interval (average cycle)
Delay time (delay trigger TD)
Standard deviation of the average cycle
0.0
F.1518
Operator Manual
Examination
Average cycle
F.15
Your system calculates the Average cycle from statistical values. This value indicates the time that has elapsed between two
trigger events.
F.15
The average cycle is recalculated and updated continually. You
cannot change this value.
F.15
When Averag. cycle displays No Signal, then either no sensors are connected or the sensors are not providing a usable
signal.
F.15
Captured cycle
F.15
You can have the acquisition window calculated from the current cycle.
F.15
Click the Captured cycle contour button.
The value of the current average cycle is displayed on the button and used to calculate the acquisition window. Protocol
parameters may have to be adjusted.
F.15
The Captured Cycle parameter is reset as soon as you edit the
value for the acquisition window.
F.15
Target RR
F.15
F.15
In some sequences, arrhythmia is detected by the Target RR

parameter.
F.15
Set the Target RR parameter to the average heart rate of the
patient.
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F.1519
Acquisition window
F.15
Examination
The Acquisition window parameter represents the time available for data acquisition after a trigger pulse in a physiologically
triggered scan.
F.15
The delay time, number of phases, and repetition time are proportional to the size of the Acquisition window.
F.15
Place the mouse pointer over the Acquisition window input
field for a few seconds to display a tool tip. It shows the value
recommended by the system.
Enter a time (in ms) in the spin box.
Please also note the difference in meaning between the terms
system acquisition time and scan acquisition time:
F.15
System acquisition time
Calculated by the system; difference between the average
cycle and twice the standard deviation.
The acquisition window cannot be larger than the system
acquisition time.
Scan acquisition time
The time actually used by the system for data acquisition.
0.0
F.1520
Operator Manual
Examination
Number of triggers
F.15
The Trigger pulse field lets you define whether every trigger
event or only every nth event should trigger a scan.
F.15
Enter a value in the Trigger pulse spin box.

Select 1 if you want to use every trigger to start a scan.
Select 2 if you want to use every second trigger to start a
scan.
Delay time
Entering
F.15
You may enter a delay time for the ECG/Trigger signal This
parameter defines the delay before the system starts the scan
after the trigger signal has been received. For example, for an
adult patient with a pulse rate of 70/min, you will obtain an
image of the systole with a 0 second delay time, and an image
of the end diastole with a 250 to 350 ms delay time. This allows
you to acquire images at any point in the signal cycle.
F.15
Enter a delay time in ms in the Trigger Delay spin box.
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F.1521
Repetition time TR
F.15
Examination
The repetition time TR is set if permitted by the parameters of

the protocol. The longer the repetition time TR, the fewer
images you will obtain per trigger event.
F.15
Enter a value in the TR spin box.

If you are able to enter more than one repetition time, use the
spin buttons to scroll through individual times.
F.15
Concatenations
F.15
With triggered multislice scans ("interleaved" excitation

sequence), it is sometimes not possible to acquire all slices in
one measurement. The slices missing from one scan will then
be acquired in the next scan.
F.15
Enter the number of scans you want to concatenate in the

Concatenations spin box.
Segments
F.15
With the segments, you may define the number of rows in the k
space that are measured for an image during a TR interval. F.15
Enter the number of segments in the Segments spin box.
0.0
F.1522
Operator Manual
Examination
Phases
F.15
This parameter defines the number of phases of the heart beat

that will be acquired. The number of phases is usually automatically calculated from the acquisition window, TR, and the delay
time.
F.15
Enter the number of cardiac phases in the Phases spin box.
Arrhythmia detection
F.15
Some sequences contain automatic detection of rhythm disturbances.

F.15
This detection is based on a time-controlled recognition of additional systoles (By time).
F.15
Select Arrhythmia detection and select By time from the
selection list.
Trigger window
F.15
If you have selected the By time entry, another parameter will

appear on the parameter card.
F.15
Enter the size of the trigger window for extra systole detection in the Trigger window spin box.
0.0
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F.1523
Graphic display of
the time ranges
F.15
Examination
The top right areas of the parameter card shows the physiological signal and the time ranges resulting from the parameters
set.
Page F.1511, Graphic display of time ranges
F.15
Unlike the Physiological Display dialog box, a frozen image is
displayed on the Physio parameter card.
F.15
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Delay time
Repetition time
Twice the standard deviation
Scan acquisition window
If e.g. the scan acquisition time set is longer than the time
between two trigger events, the scan acquisition window will
overlap the following trigger section. The time overlap is shown
in red.
F.15
If the input focus is on the trigger delay or TR, the corresponding time range has a blue border.
F.15
0.0
F.1524
Operator Manual
Examination
Setting pulse triggering
F.15
Pulse triggering is especially useful for suppressing motion

and flow artifacts caused by pulsating blood or CSF.
F.15
The pulse sensor may be attached to the patient's middle finger.F.15
(4)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
First pulse wave

Second pulse wave
Diastolic blood pressure
Systolic blood pressure
The first pulse wave ("premature pulse wave") is used for triggering. This wave corresponds to the systolic blood pressure.
F.15
Select Pulse/Trigger from the 1st Signal/Mode subtask

card.
You can set the same parameters on the Signal 1 subtask card
as on the ECG/Trigger card.
F.15
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1525
Examination
Setting respiratory triggering
F.15
Respiratory triggering is used to avoid motion artifacts

caused by breathing.
F.15
The respiratory signal is obtained e.g. using a respiratory belt.
The cyclic expansion and contraction of the thorax generates
the respiratory curve.
F.15
(1)
(2)
(1) Expiration
(2) Inspiration
Select Resp./Trigger from the Signal 1/Mode subtask card.
0.0
F.1526
Operator Manual
Examination
Physio parameter card for

respiratory triggering
F.15

deviation
(3) Acquisition window
(4) Threshold value for respiration
(5) Respiratory phase (inspiration or expiration)
(7) Number of concatenations
(9) Number of respiratory phases
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F.1527
Average cycle
F.15
Examination
The value of the Average cycle is calculated by the system. F.15

The system acquisition window is calculated as follows for respiratory triggering: Difference between half the average cycle
and the standard deviation.
F.15
Acquisition window
F.15
The Acquisition window shows the time used for the scan
after a trigger pulse in a physiologically triggered scan.
F.15
Enter a time in ms in the Acquisition Window spin box.
Place the mouse pointer over the Acquisition window input
field to display a tool tip. It shows the value recommended by
the system.
Threshold
F.15
The threshold value determines the point of the respiratory

cycle where scanning is triggered.
F.15
Enter a threshold in the Threshold spin box.
When the respiratory curve reaches this value, the signal is triggered. The threshold value is expressed as a percentage of the
respiratory curve. 100% is the maximum expansion of the thorax.
F.15
0.0
F.1528
Operator Manual
Examination
Respiratory phases
F.15
You may use either inspiration or expiration for triggering.
F.15
Select Inspiration or Expiration from the Resp. phases

selection list.
Repetition time TR
F.15
Enter the repetition time in the TR spin box.
Concatenations
F.15
You will define the number of scans to be concatenated.
F.15
Enter a value in the Concatenations spin box.

Phases
F.15
This setting determines the number of respiratory phases to be

acquired. It is used for e.g. multislice or multiphase cardiac
measurements. The number of phases (respiration) depends
on the repetition time selected. Please observe the limits.
F.15
Enter the number of respiratory phases in the Phases spin
box.
After you have set and checked all parameters, you may start
scanning.
Page F.1534, Starting the scan
F.15
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syngo MR 2006T
F.1529
Examination
Setting an external trigger signal
F.15
An external signal may be used e.g. for functional scans (BOLD

imaging) to trigger scanning of the stimulated series.
F.15
The PMU connection at the foot end of the patient table allows
you to induce an external digital triggering signal.
F.15
The rising edge of the signal is used to start the scan.

F.15
Select Ext./Trigger from the 1st Signal/Mode subtask card.
You can set the same parameters on the Signal 1 subtask card
as on the ECG/Trigger card.
F.15
0.0
F.1530
Operator Manual
Examination
Setting retrospective gating
F.15
Certain sequences support retrospective gating, e.g. cine_trufi.F.15

In this case, the scan is performed with triggering. The acquired
image data is sorted retrospectively and normalized to a
medium RR interval.
F.15
Unlike with triggering, with retrospective gating you can measure all cardiac phases including the late diastole.
F.15
Retrospective gating may be applied to ECG signal curves,
pulse signal curves, and external trigger signal curves. The 1st
Signal/Mode selection list on the Signal 1 subtask card contains the following additional entries:
F.15
ECG/Retro
Pulse/Retro
Ext/Retro
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F.1531
Signal 1 subtask card

with ECG/Retro
Examination
F.15
Select ECG/Retro from the 1st Signal/Mode subtask card.

deviation
(3) Target RR (average heart rate of the patient)
(4) Calculated phases
(6) Number of segments
(8) Detection of rhythm disturbances
(9) Trigger window
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Operator Manual
Examination
The Parameter Average cycle is determined by the system.

F.15
Calculated phases
F.15
This parameter is used to define the number of images to be

reconstructed per cardiac interval.
F.15
Enter the number of phases to be calculated in the Calculated Phases spin box.
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F.1533
Examination
Starting the scan
F.15
After you have checked all measurement parameters on the

parameter cards, apply these parameters as usual and start
scanning.
F.15
Loading parameters
F.15
Click the Apply button in the program control.

The settings are transferred to the scan system. The protocol is
now complete.
F.15
Starting the scan
F.15
The complete protocol starts automatically and is processed. If

there are still incomplete protocols in the joblist (constructionworker icon), open and edit them like the first protocol of the
program so that they can also be started automatically.
Page F.610, Scan procedure for a routine examination F.15
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
F.16
Managing scan
programs
F.16
The sequences and parameter settings of frequently performed

MR examinations are stored in your system as scan programs.
Exam Explorer provides you with an overview of the available
scan programs.
F.16
The programs are divided into two groups: Siemens programs
and customer programs. The Siemens programs are used as a
basis for customer programs. Customer programs comprise the
directory of scan programs used for your daily work and examinations.
F.16
The customer programs are offered for selection on the program card.
The Exam Explorer allows you to manage and maintain your
scan programs.
F.16
For example, the Exam Explorer is used for:
F.16
Copying scan programs from the Siemens tree into the customer tree. You can then use these programs to perform
examinations.
Changing scan programs of the customer tree. For example,
you can re-organize, delete, or add new program steps or
make permanent changes to the measurement parameters
of a protocol.
Exchanging scan programs or protocols with other syngo
MR systems. In an intermediate step, you will be required to
use external data media (diskette) or a file system.
You cannot change the existing scan programs in the Siemens tree.
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F.161
Managing scan programs
Examination
You can only edit entries in the customer tree of the Exam
Explorer (e.g. delete exams or change measurement parameters of a protocol), if you have the appropriate authorization.
Page B.31, Information for Users
F.16
You will generally work offline with the Exam Explorer, i.e. not
during an examination in progress. In some cases, you may use
the Exam Explorer to search for scan programs or protocols
during an examination and transfer them directly into the
queue.
F.16
The Exam Explorer is primarily a tool for managing and maintaining your scan programs. If you want to change a scan program immediately prior to an examination (and for this particular examination only), use the joblist in the program control
instead.
F.16
The Exam Explorer provides a print dialog for you to print protocols with an overview of parameter settings and lists of protocol contents.
F.16
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Operator Manual
Examination
Calling up the Exam Explorer
F.16
Select View > Exam Explorer from the main menu.

Or
F.16
Click this button on the tool bar of the Exam task card.
Or
F.16
If you are in the Program parameter card, select Explorer

The Exam Explorer window is displayed. You may resize or
move this window around the screen.
F.16
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F.163
Examination
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Title bar with path

Menu bar
Tool bar
Navigation area
Content area
Status bar
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Examination
Layout of the Exam Explorer
F.16
The program window of the Exam Explorer is similar to Windows Explorer. You will be able to intuitively use the Exam
Explorer in a short time.
F.16
Navigation and content area
F.16
The Exam Explorer window is divided into two main areas:
F.16
Navigation area (left)

Here you use the mouse to navigate through the various data
levels.
Page F.166, Data levels
Content area (right)
The navigation area displays the content of the selected data
level.
Moving the border line
F.16
To optimize the display, you may move the border between the
navigation area and content area.
F.16
Place the cursor on the border line between the two window
areas.
The cursor changes shape.
F.16
Hold down the left mouse button and drag the border line to
the left or to the right.
The size of the content area will increase and the size of the
navigation area will be reduced, or vice versa.
F.16
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Examination
Data levels
F.16
The examinations and scan programs stored on your system

are grouped hierarchically in the Exam Explorer.
F.16
Level 1: Customer/Siemens level

The Siemens tree contains a variety of clinically tested, recommended scan programs set up by Siemens customer service
during system installation. They are to be used as a basis for
preparing your own selection of frequently used scan programs.
F.16
You cannot change the Siemens tree but you may copy the folders to your customer tree and edit them there. You can always
go back and recover the original recommended Siemens scan
programs at any time.
F.16
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Operator Manual
Examination
Level 2: Examination region

All examinations for a certain body region are grouped together
in an Examination region (Region).
F.16
Level 3: Examination
An Examination contains all scan programs for a certain body
part or anatomical structure of a body region.
F.16
Level 4: Scan program

A scan program (Program) contains a sequence of optimized
program instructions (scan protocols and scan pauses) suitable
for particular diagnostic requirements.
F.16
Level 5: Program instructions

A program instruction may be a scan protocol (Protocol) or a
scan pause (Pause). The sequence of scan protocols/pauses
in a scan program determines the course of the examination.F.16
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Content of a data level
Examination
F.16
If you select the customer/Siemens tree, a region, or an examination in the navigation area, its content will be listed in the
content area.
F.16
Scan program
Examination
Examination region
Customer/Siemens level
Next level down, in this case,

scan programs
Select a scan program to display its program instructions in the

content area.
F.16
Scan program
Program instructions
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Operator Manual
Examination
Tool bar
F.16
Similar to Windows Explorer, the Exam Explorer also has a

tool bar that allows you to perform frequently required operator
actions quickly and easily.
F.16
Move up one folder level

F.16
Cut
F.16
Copy
F.16
Paste
F.16
Delete
F.16
Display property window

F.16
Move selection up
F.16
Move selection down

F.16
Insert scan protocol

F.16
Insert scan pause

F.16
Edit scan protocol

F.16
Save scan program in the examination database

F.16
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Examination
Displaying unlicensed scan

programs
F.16
Scan programs that include unlicensed protocols are normally

not displayed in the Exam Explorer. However, you may display
unlicensed scan programs and protocols.
F.16
Select Tools > Show Unlicensed Items from the main
menu of the Exam Explorer.
A check mark is placed in front of the menu item.
F.16
Unlicensed scan programs and protocols are now shown as

additional gray items in the Exam Explorer.
F.16
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Operator Manual
Examination
You may use the Protocol View and the Protocol Properties
dialog box to obtain information regarding the parameters and
properties of the unlicensed protocols.
Page F.1644, Viewing protocol parameters
Page F.122, Editing protocol properties
F.16
Of course, you may also hide the unlicensed scan programs

and protocols again.
F.16
The check mark in front of the menu item will disappear again.
The gray entries disappear as well.
F.16
In the Object Properties dialog box, you may select a single

unlicensed scan program to be always displayed in the folder
structure of the Exam Explorer, regardless of the setting in
the main menu.
Page F.1628, Editing properties of scan programs
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F.1611
Examination
Finding a scan program
F.16
To search for scan programs, click through data levels in the

navigation area.
F.16
The content of any entry in the navigation area may also be
displayed in the content area. For this purpose, click the entry
in the navigation area.
Selecting an examination
tree
F.16
First decide whether you are looking for a scan program in the
Siemens tree or in the customer tree.
F.16
Click the + symbol in front of the entry in the navigation area.
The folder level expands to show the examination region stored
in the Siemens or customer tree. The + symbol becomes a symbol.
F.16
region
F.16
Then click the + symbol in front of a region.

The folder level expands to show the examinations stored for
F.16
this region.
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F.1612
Operator Manual
Examination
F.16
Then click the + symbol in front of an examination.

The folder level expands to show the scan programs stored for
this examination.
F.16
Scan program not found
F.16
If you the scan program you a looking for is not in the open
folder, just look in one of the other folders.
F.16
First click the - symbol in front of the folder.

The directory closes again, keeping the display in the navigation area uncluttered.
F.16
Then click the + symbol in front of the folder to open it and

look for your scan program.
If you know the name of the scan program, look for the name
in the examination database.
Page F.1614, Searching for a name
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F.1613
Examination
Searching for a name
F.16
If you know the name of a specific region, examination, scan

program, and protocol, you may search for the exact name. F.16
If you do not know the entire name or are not sure of its spelling, you may include wildcards (jokers) in your search.
Page D.236, Searching for data
Select Tools > Find from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Press the shortcut Ctrl + F on your keyboard.
0.0
F.1614
Operator Manual
Examination
The Find object in data base dialog box opens.
F.16
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F.1615
Examination
Enter the name of the region, examination, scan program, or

protocol.
Select one of the following options under Look in:

Siemens
in the Siemens tree only
Customer
in the customer tree only
Selected object
in the selected entry only
All
Search the entire examination database
Click the Find button.
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F.1616
Operator Manual
Examination
The result are all objects found with their paths:
F.16
Select the entry you require.

Double-click this path.
The Find object in data base dialog box closes and the object
found (region, examination, scan program, or protocol) opens in
the Exam Explorer.
F.16
Or
F.16
Click the Close button to close the dialog box.

After that, click the region, examination, scan program, or
protocol you located in the navigation area of the Exam
Explorer.
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F.1617
Examination
Processing entries
F.16
You may copy regions, examinations, scan programs and protocols, delete them, or rename them. You can also change the
order of the lists.
F.16
You cannot make changes in the Siemens tree. You may only
view the objects (regions, examinations, programs, and program steps) and copy them to the customer tree.
original state.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Moving entries
F.16
You can define the order of examination regions, examinations,

and scan programs displayed in your customer tree. This
enables you to place the regions, examinations, and exams frequently used in your daily routine near to the top, making them
easily accessible.
F.16
You may also relocate individual program instructions within a
scan program to modify the program sequence.
F.16
First open the examination tree, examination region, examination, or the program whose content you want to re-order.
Select the entry that you want to move in the content area.
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F.1619
Moving up
Examination
F.16
Select Edit > Move Up from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select Move Up from the context menu.

Or
F.16

Or
F.16
Press the shortcut Alt + on your keyboard.

Repeat these steps until the entry has reached the correct
position.
Moving down
F.16
Select Edit > Move Down from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select Move Down from the context menu.

Or
F.16

Or
F.16
Press the shortcut Alt + on your keyboard.

Repeat these steps until the entry has reached the correct
position.
Moving entries via
drag and drop
F.16
Hold down the left mouse button down and drag the entry to
its new position.
0.0
F.1620
Operator Manual
Examination
Copying, cutting, and pasting entries
F.16
You may transfer examination regions, examinations, scan programs and program instructions from the Siemens tree to your
customer tree by copying them.
F.16
You can also use the copy function to reorganize the program
instructions, scan programs, examinations, and examination
regions in your customer tree.
F.16
Copy
F.16
Select the entry you want to copy in the navigation or content

area.
Select Edit > Copy from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select Copy from the context menu.

Or
F.16

Or
F.16
Press the shortcut Ctrl + C on your keyboard.

The selected entry is copied into the clipboard.
F.16
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F.1621
Cut
Examination
F.16
Select the entry you want to cut in the navigation or content

area.
Select Edit > Cut from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select Cut from the context menu.

Or
F.16

Or
F.16
Press the shortcut Ctrl + X on your keyboard.

The selected entry will be cut and placed on the clipboard.
F.16
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F.1622
Operator Manual
Examination
Pasting
F.16
Select the region, the examination, or the scan program to

which you want to append a copied or cut entry.
Or (for program instructions)
F.16
Select the program instruction in front of which you want to

insert the cut or copied entry.
Select Edit > Paste from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select Paste from the context menu.

Or
F.16

Or
F.16
Press the shortcut Ctrl + V on your keyboard.

If you have not selected any program step before pasting a
program instruction, the program instruction will be appended
to the end of the list.
Copying an entry via
drag and drop
F.16
Select the entry you want to copy in the navigation or content

area.
Keep the Ctrl key and the left mouse button pressed and
drag the selection to its new position.
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F.1623
Examination
Deleting entries
F.16
You can delete any examination regions, examinations, scan

programs, or program instructions that you do not require for
your work.
F.16
Select the entry that you want to delete.

Select Edit > Delete from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select Delete from the context menu.

Or
F.16

Or
F.16

The selected entry is deleted along with its entire contents.
F.16
0.0
F.1624
Operator Manual
Examination
Renaming and annotating entries
F.16
Similar to Windows Explorer, you may also modify the names of

entries in the Exam Explorer.
F.16
Select the entry that you want to rename.

Explorer.
Or
F.16

Or
F.16

Or
F.16

The Properties dialog box is displayed with the Standard subtask card.
F.16
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F.1625
Examination
This subtask card shows the name, a brief description, and path
of the selected entry. You can also see the date and time this
entry was last changed.
F.16
The Standard subtask card in the Region properties dialog

box is displayed on the level of examination regions. The
Standard subtask card in the Protocol step properties or
Pause step properties dialog box is displayed on the level of
program instructions.
0.0
F.1626
Operator Manual
Examination
F.16
Change the name and/or the short description of the entry.

Your changes are applied and the dialog box closes.
F.16
Or
F.16

The dialog box closes without applying your changes.
F.16
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F.1627
Examination
Editing properties of scan programs
F.16
If you are working at scan program level, the additional options

Archive and Visibility - Irrespective of licensing will appear
on the Standard subtask card in the Properties dialog box. F.16
0.0
F.1628
Operator Manual
Examination
"Archive" option
F.16
The Archive option is automatically enabled for a scan program

as soon as you modify it in the Exam Explorer.
F.16
If the Archive option is enabled, you may restore scan programs in case of data recovery or software updates.
F.16
Scan programs for which the Archive option is not set will usually be replaced by the original programs from the Siemens
tree.
F.16
You may also manually activate/deactivate the Archive option

for a scan program.
F.16
Select the scan program.
Open the Properties dialog box and move the Standard
subtask card in foreground.
Page F.1628, Editing properties of scan programs
Click the Archive checkbox to select or deselect it.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1629
Option "Visibility Irrespective of licensing"
Examination
F.16
When you activate the Visibility - Irrespective of licensing,

the scan program is available in the folder structure of the Exam
Explorer, even if it is an unlicensed scan program.
Page F.1610, Displaying unlicensed scan programs
F.16
However, before you can activate the Visibility - Irrespective
of licensing option for an unlicensed scan program, you must
first show all unlicensed scan programs.
F.16
Unlicensed scan programs are now shown as gray items in the
Exam Explorer.
F.16
Select the required unlicensed scan program.
Open the Properties dialog box and move the Standard
subtask card in foreground
Click the Visibility - Irrespective of licensing checkbox to

select it.
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F.1630
Operator Manual
Examination
Creating a new examination

region
F.16
You can create new examination regions in your customer tree.

F.16
Select the customer tree (USER).

All examination regions in the customer tree are now displayed
in the content area.
F.16
Select Object > New from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select New from the context menu.

The Add New Region dialog box opens.
F.16
Enter a name for the new examination region.

The new region will be appended to the end of the list of examination regions.
F.16
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Examination
Assigning an examination region to a body

region
F.16
The Region subtask card of the Region properties dialog box

allows you to assign a newly created examination region to a
body region and to change the assignment of an existing examination region.
F.16
Select the examination region.

Explorer.
Or
F.16

Or
F.16

Or
F.16

The Region properties dialog box opens.
F.16
0.0
F.1632
Operator Manual
Examination
F.16
Click the Region subtask card to the foreground.
Select the required body region from the Body part examined selection list.

That confirms the assignment and closes the dialog box.
F.16
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syngo MR 2006T
F.1633
Managing the body

regions
Examination
F.16
The Body part examined selection list shows all the body
regions of your system.
F.16
The regions are grouped as follows:
F.16
DICOM regions
DICOM regions are regions defined in the DICOM standard.
SIEMENS regions
SIEMENS regions are regions defined by SIEMENS and
published in compliance with DICOM specifications.
Customer regions
Customer regions are regions users can define for themselves.
You may only edit the customer regions in the list of body
regions. You may not modify DICOM and SIEMENS regions.
Click the Organize button to edit the list of the body regions.
The Organize Body Part Examined list dialog box opens.
F.16
0.0
F.1634
Operator Manual
Examination
F.16
The icons in the list indicate whether it is an invariable DICOM

or SIEMENS region or a customer region that you can
change:
F.16
DICOM or SIEMENS region
F.16
Customer region
F.16
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F.1635
Creating a new customer

region
Examination
You can add a new region to the list of body regions.

F.16
F.16
Enter a name for the new body region in the input field.
The name must consist of no more than 16 characters. The
permitted characters are capital letters, figures, blanks, and
underscores.
Click the Add button.
The new customer region will appear as a new entry in the list.
F.16
Deleting a customer
region
F.16
You may remove from the list any customer regions that are no
longer required.
F.16
Select the customer region in the list.
Click the Delete button.
The entry will be deleted from the list.
F.16
0.0
F.1636
Operator Manual
Examination
Creating a new examination
F.16
You may create new examinations in your customer tree.

F.16
Select the region for which you want to create a new examination.
Explorer.
Or
F.16

The Add New Exam dialog box opens.
F.16
Enter a descriptive name in the Name field and confirm with

OK.
The new examination is appended to the end of the examination list of the respective region.
F.16
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1637
Examination
Creating a new program
F.16
You may create new scan programs in your customer tree.

F.16
Open the examination for which you want to create a new

scan program.
Explorer.
Or
F.16

The Add New Program dialog box opens.
F.16
Enter a name for the new scan program and confirm with
OK.
The new program is appended to the list of scan programs of
the open examination.
F.16
0.0
F.1638
Operator Manual
Examination
Inserting program instructions
F.16
You may add existing scan protocols and pauses to a scan program.
F.16
All steps are performed in the content area of the Exam
Explorer.
F.16
Please note:
F.16
If a program instruction in a scan program is already

selected, the new instruction will be inserted in front of it.
If no program instruction is selected, the new instruction will
be appended to the end of the scan program.
If none of the scan protocols stored on your system are suitable
for your new scan program, you can create a new scan protocol
from a sequence or a reconstructed image and add it to your
scan program.
F.16

original state.
0.0
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F.1639
Examination
Finding a protocol
F.16
The protocols you insert will usually be from other scan programs. You can make use of any program steps from customer
and Siemens programs.
F.16
Select Insert > Program instruction from the main menu of

the Exam Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select Insert Program Steps from the context menu.

The Insert Program Steps menu item will only be active
when you select the context menu if i) a scan program is open
and ii) no program step is selected.
Or
F.16

Or
F.16
Press the shortcut Ctrl + I on your keyboard.

The Insert Program Steps dialog box opens.
F.16
0.0
F.1640
Operator Manual
Examination
F.16
If the open scan program already contains program steps, they

will be displayed in the Insert Program Steps dialog box. F.16
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1641
Examination
Go to another scan program using the Region, Exam, and

Program lists.
Or
F.16
Click the Show Siemens button to search for program steps

in the Siemens tree as well.
Customer program steps
Siemens program steps
0.0
F.1642
Operator Manual
Examination
You can go to other examination regions, examinations, and

scan program in the Siemens half of the window as well.
F.16
<Select Item> will be displayed in the selection lists if you
have created a new region or examination in your customer
tree for which there is no equivalent in the Siemens area. You
now have to search for an appropriate scan program in the
Siemens tree yourself.
Click Hide Siemens to hide the Siemens program steps
again.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1643
Examination
Viewing protocol parameters
F.16
Before you insert a protocol into your scan program, you can
review the protocol parameters.
F.16
Select a protocol.
Click the View Protocol button.
The View Protocol window opens.
F.16
You will find the parameter card stack in the protocol view. You
can view all cards and measurement parameters of the protocol, but you may not change them.
F.16
0.0
F.1644
Operator Manual
Examination
Inserting a protocol
F.16
Select the protocol that you want to transfer to your scan program.
If you want to transfer two or more protocols from a program,
you may extend your selection with the Ctrl and Shift keys.
Click the Insert button.
Or
F.16
Double-click the protocol item (to select a single protocol).

The selected protocol will be copied into the scan program in
the Exam Explorer.
F.16
If you have not selected any program step before pasting a
protocol, the protocol will be appended to the end of the list.
Now you can search for additional protocols and copy them into
your scan program.
F.16
Close the Insert Program Steps dialog box once you have
copied all required protocols into your scan program.
F.16
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1645
Examination
New protocol from a sequence

Creating
F.16
Sequences are sequences of commands for controlling scanning: they control the RF fields (RF pulses), magnetic field gradients, data acquisition, and image reconstruction. Protocols,
on the other hand, contain the measurement parameter settings for a sequence.
F.16
You can access a sequence and create a new protocol for the
current scan program.
F.16
Select Insert > Sequence.
The Insert Sequences dialog box opens.
F.16
0.0
F.1646
Operator Manual
Examination
Go to the Folder selection list. You may either insert a Siemens sequence or a sequence from the customer tree.
The Sequences display field now lists all sequences from the
Siemens and customer trees in alphabetical order.
F.16
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1647
Checking sequences
Examination
F.16
If the folder contains fewer than 200 sequences, they will be

checked automatically and only the sequences licensed and
executable on your system will be displayed.
F.16
This time-consuming check is not performed automatically if the
folder contains more than 200 sequences. In this case, the
Show only valid sequences option will not be grayed out and
you may decide whether to perform the check yourself.
F.16
Click the Show only valid sequences checkbox to display

only licensed and executable sequences.
0.0
F.1648
Operator Manual
Examination
Selecting sequence(s)
F.16
You can use the scroll bar (right-hand bar) to scroll to

sequences further down in the alphabet.
F.16
Click on the sequence you are looking for in the list.

Use the Ctrl or Shift key on your keyboard to make a multiple
selection.
Or
F.16
Enter the name of the required sequence in the Type in the

sequence(s) you want to insert field.
For multiple selection, enter the sequences one after the
other, with a blank between each sequence.
Click the Insert button.
Or
F.16
Double-click the required sequence (to select a single

sequence).
A protocol is created from the selected sequence and transferred to your scan program.
F.16
If you selected more than one sequence, a protocol is created
for each sequence and added to the scan program.
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Creating a new protocol from a series or

image (Phoenix)
F.16
You may create a new protocol from previously acquired series

and images and add them to the scan program.
F.16
Select a series or image in the program control, the stamp segments of the maestro layout, or the Patient Browser and drag
& drop the selection into the Exam Explorer.
F.16
F.16
N OT E
It is only possible to create a new protocol from a series or
image if the series or image was acquired on your system
or on a system of the same type
(same hardware configuration, software version syngo MR
2006T and higher).
F.16
If the system type or software version with which the series or

image was generated does not match your system, you can
attempt conversion.
Page F.1652, Reconstructed protocol by conversion
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Creating a new protocol by

drag & drop
F.16
Click the series icon of an acquired series in the program
control.
Or
F.16
Click a series in a stamp segment.
Or
F.16
Display the Patient list and select an image or a series.

Hold down the left mouse button and drag-and-drop the
image or series into the Exam Explorer.
A scan protocol is created from the image/series and added to
the scan program.
F.16
An error message is displayed when series or images that do

not meet the requirements are rejected.
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Reconstructed protocol
by conversion
Examination
F.16
If the images or series were not acquired with the same software version or on the same system type, you can attempt to
convert the images.
F.16
Select a series or image from the stamp segments of the
Maestro layout, from the large image segments, or from the
Patient Browser.
Press and hold the Shift key, press and hold the left mouse
button and drag & drop the series or image into the Exam
Explorer.
Do not press the Shift key too early because then drag & drop
might not work.
A scan protocol is created from the image/series and added to
the scan program, if conversion was possible.
F.16
The changes caused by conversion are identified as upgrade
info.
Page F.1216, Displaying upgrade info
F.16
If conversion fails, an error message appears.
F.16
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Inserting a scan pause
F.16
You can insert a pause, for example, to administer contrast

agent to a patient prior to a scan.
F.16
Select the program step in front of where you want to insert

the pause.
If you do not select a program step before you insert the
pause, the pause will be appended to the end of the list.
Select Insert > Pause from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select Insert Pause from the context menu.

The Insert Pause menu item is only available in the context
menu, if a scan program is open and no program step is
selected.
Or
F.16

Or
F.16
Press the shortcut Ctrl + W on your keyboard.
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The pause is inserted in the list and the Pause Step Properties
dialog box opens. Enter a name and comment for the pause in
this dialog box. If the pause is for administering contrast agent,
you can also enter information regarding the contrast agent.
Page F.1219, Editing pause properties
F.16
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Examination
Editing protocol parameters
F.16
The Protocol Editor is used to view and change protocol

parameters. This changes the default settings shown in the
parameter card stack of the Exam card, if you access this protocol during a routine examination.
F.16
original state.
Select a scan protocol.
Select Edit > Protocol from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select Edit protocols from the context menu.

Or
F.16

Or
F.16
Press the Enter key on your keyboard.

Or
F.16
Double-click the scan protocol.
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The Protocol Editor is displayed with the protocol parameters.

F.16
Changing parameter settings
F.16
The protocol editor allows you to modify any of the protocol's

parameter settings. The procedure is the same as in the parameter card stack of the Exam task card.
Page F.569, Working in the parameter card stack
F.16
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Examination
Changing a coil configuration
F.16
Use the System task card to define the coil elements required
for the scan protocol.
Page P.185, Coils and coil elements Routine, System
Coils
F.16
Selecting virtual coils
F.16
If you are editing a protocol in the Protocol Editor and want to

select different coils than the ones stored in the protocol, just
open the Virtual Coils dialog box.
F.16
Click the Virtual Coils... button.

The Virtual Coils dialog box opens.
F.16
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Use the special selection list to set one coil for each of the four
coil plug-ins. The list shows only coils that can be connected to
the plug.
F.16
Example: Selection list for coil plug 1
F.16
Set the required coil configuration using the four selection

lists.
Click the Apply button to confirm.
If you selected array coils as virtual coils, you still have to set
the coil elements on the System parameter card.
Page P.186, Local coils
F.16
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Applying or rejecting changes
F.16
You can apply the new coil configuration and all other parameter changes to the protocol.
F.16
Your changes are applied and the Protocol Editor closes.
F.16
You can also close the Protocol Editor without applying your
changes.
F.16
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Editing protocol and pause

properties
F.16
In addition to the measurement parameters that you edit in the

Protocol Editor, you can set a large number of properties for
each protocol and each pause.
F.16
You can enter a name and comment for the protocol, define
start options for scanning, activate automatic image loading
processes, and set a copy reference.
F.16
You will find detailed descriptions of the protocol and pause
properties in,
Chapter F.12, Protocol and Pause Properties.
F.16
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Saving scan programs
F.16
Once you have inserted all protocols and scan pauses into your
scan program, organized them in the desired sequence, and
edited your measurement parameters, you will save the result.
F.16
Saving the scan program under a new name
F.16
Saving a changed scan program under a new name creates a

new program.
F.16
Select a scan program.

Select Object > Save as from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select Save as from the context menu.

The Save Program As [Customer Tree] dialog box opens.
F.16
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It displays the examination region and examination to which the

modified scan program belongs. The Program list shows all
scan programs stored under this examination in the customer
tree. The Name text input field shows the previous name of the
edited scan program.
F.16
If you have just created an examination region in the Exam
Explorer, the entry <Select Item> will appear under Exam.
You are prompted to assign your new scan program to an
examination.
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Examination
F.16
Use the selection list to select a region for your scan program.
You may also create a new region.
F.16
Click the New Region... button.

The Add New Region dialog box opens. Here, you can create
a new examination region.
Page F.1631, Creating a new examination region
F.16
Use the selection list to select an examination for your program.

You can create a new examination.
F.16
Click the New Exam... button.

The Add New Exam dialog box opens. Create the new examination here.
Page F.1637, Creating a new examination
F.16
Enter a name for the new scan program.

Or
F.16
Click one of the scan program names in the Programs list.
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NOTE
If you save your program under an existing name, a
message window asks whether you want to overwrite the
selected scan program. If you confirm that you do, the
previous scan program will be replaced. You will no longer
be able to access the old version of the program.
F.16
The program is saved and the dialog box closes.

F.16
Click the Save and Edit button.
NOTE
See notice above.
F.16
The program is saved and the dialog box remains open so that
you can continue editing.
F.16

The dialog box closes without saving the program.
F.16
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Examination
Saving a scan program under the same

name
F.16
You can also save the changed scan program under the old
name.
F.16
Select Object > Save from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16

Or
F.16
Press the shortcut Ctrl + S on your keyboard.

The program is saved under its old name and path.
F.16
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Examination

program control
F.16
You can also use the Exam Explorer to find a scan program
and transfer it to the queue.
F.16
Transferring a scan
program
F.16

Click a scan program or a single program step in the navigation or content area.
Hold down the left mouse button and drag & drop the
selected scan programs or program instructions to the
queue.
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Examination
Or
F.16
Select Tools > Append To Queue from the main menu of

the Exam Explorer.
Or
F.16
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Updating filming study layouts

Basics
F.16
F.16
If you place images or series on the Filming task card, you

need to select a suitable film layout for these images. You can
automate this task by assigning an existing film layout to all
series that have a certain study or series description. When you
place the images or series on the Filming task card, the
assigned film layout is then automatically selected.
F.16
The film layout assignments are made in the Filming Study
Layout configuration dialog box.
Page O.614, Associating layouts with a study or series F.16
In the Exam Explorer, you can automatically update the data
contained in the configuration dialog box.
F.16
Updating filming study

layouts
F.16
Select Tools > Filming Study Layouts from the main menu
of the Exam Explorer.
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The data contained in the customer scan program tree of the

Exam Explorer are transferred to the list of available studies and
series descriptions of the Filming Study Layout dialog box. F.16
When selecting the update function in the Exam Explorer

again, the existing list in the Filming Study Layout dialog box
is replaced by the data contained in the Examination Explorer. F.16
Existing assignments of filming study layouts to studies and
series descriptions are retained, provided that the film layout
exists and no other film layout is assigned to these studies and
series descriptions.
F.16
This means you can make changes in the Exam Explorer at any
time and call up the Update Filming Study Layout menu item
without losing your previous assignments.
F.16
Updating is only possible if the Filming task card is configured.
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Importing/exporting examination
database objects
F.16
The Siemens and customer tree is saved in the examination

database on the PC of your MR system.
F.16
You may also access examination regions, examinations, scan
programs, and protocols stored on external data media (CD
ROM) or on your hospital-wide data network.
F.16
You can also export objects from your database to external data
media or network addresses, for example, to make your examinations and scan programs available to other syngo MR users.F.16
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Importing objects
F.16
You can import examination regions, examinations, and scan

programs into your examination database from a network
address or from external data media.
F.16
In the navigation area, select hierarchy level into which you

want to import data.
Example: Select and examination to import a scan program into
the folder.
F.16
Select Object > Import from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select Import from the context menu.

A message window opens.
F.16
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During an import, your system will check whether the programs

are executable, i.e. whether all protocols are licensed and
whether the protocol parameters are consistent. For this reason, importing may take some time. Furthermore, it is not possible to perform other actions while an import is in progress.
Confirm whether you wish to continue or cancel the import.
F.16
Click the OK button if you want to import now.

Or
F.16
Click the Cancel button if you want to import later.

If you confirm with OK, the Import Object dialog box opens. F.16
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Exam Database (*.edx) is the default setting under File type.

No other selection is possible.
F.16
The "edx" format is a special file format for the examination
database. It is the only format that can be read by the system.
Under Drives, select the drive or network address from
which you want to import data.
Under Folder, select the folder from which you want to
import data.
All edx files in the selected folder are now displayed in the content window.
F.16
Select the file you want to import.

The name of the selected file is displayed in the File name input
field.
F.16
Click the Import button.
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The system will now check whether importing is possible at the

selected position in the navigation region of the Exam
Explorer.
F.16
A specific error message will be displayed if it is not possible to
import a file at the position you have selected.
F.16
If possible, the edx file is imported and the following message
box appears.
F.16
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Examination
The Program to be imported dialog box opens after importing

has finished.
F.16
It shows the scan programs contained in the imported edx file.

F.16
The Conversion needed checkbox is active for non-executable

scan programs. These programs must be converted before they
can be imported.
F.16
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To shorten the time required for conversion, exclude the nonexecutable programs that you do not want to import.
F.16
Deselect the Conversion needed checkbox in front of these

programs.
Click the Convert button to start conversion.
The selected non-executable programs will now be converted
F.16
You can see how conversion has progressed from the Conversion needed checkbox. As soon as conversion has been completed, the checkmark disappears.
F.16
The Convert button also changes to a Stop conversion button. This allows you to cancel the conversion after the current
scan program in case of, e.g. a patient requiring immediate
attention.
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Go to Import and select the programs to be imported via the

checkboxes.
F.16
Activate the checkboxes for the programs you want to import.

Deactivate the checkboxes for the programs you do not want
to import.
Click the Import button to import the selected programs.
The Import button does not become active until at least one
program is ready to be imported, for example, after successful conversion.
The imported scan programs are appended in the Exam
Explorer to the end of the folder selected.
F.16
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Exporting objects
F.16
You can export examination regions, examinations, and scan

programs from your examination database to a network
address or to an external data medium.
F.16
Select the entry you want to export in the navigation area of

the Exam Explorer.
If you select an object in the content area, this object is not
exported, but rather the object that is opened in the navigation area.
Select Object > Export from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Select Export from the context menu.

The Export Object dialog box opens.
F.16
F.16
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Store objects exported from the examination database as "edx"

files in the target directory. This is the only format that the system can read. This is why Exam Database (*.edx) is the default
setting under File type.
F.16
It is not possible to select a file type other than Exam Database (*.edx).
Select the target drive or the network address in Drives.
Under Folder, select the folder into which you want to export
data.
The content window now shows all "edx" files present in the target directory.
F.16
Enter a name for the object to be exported in the Filename

field or accept the name suggested by the system.
The name suggested by the system is the object name from
the Exam Explorer.
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Click the Export sequences option if you also want to export

the associated sequence data.
The Export sequences option is deactivated by default.
Click the Export button to export the selected object.
F.16
NOTE
The exported objects are retained on your system. The
export function only copies the objects to the target drive or
network address.
F.16
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Printing protocols
F.16
From the Exam Explorer, you can print or write to a PDF file
(Adobe Portable Document Format) protocols as an overview
of all parameter settings and lists of protocol contents.
F.16
The parameter overview enables you to directly compare the
parameter settings of the protocols. The lists of contents help
you find you way round the numerous available exams and scan
programs and make it easier for you to organize and maintain
the Exam Explorer.
F.16
The print option is based on your object selection. Individual
protocols you select are printed. If you have selected an object
containing more than one protocol (e.g. a scan program), all
protocols are printed.
F.16
If a selected object contains more than one scan program, you
can only print user-defined programs.
Page F.131, Printing protocols
F.16
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Exam Explorer
Closing
F.16
Once you have completed all your program management tasks,

you can close the Exam Explorer again.
F.16
Select Object > Exit from the main menu of the Exam
Explorer.
Or
F.16
Click the Close window button in the upper right of the title
bar of the Exam Explorer.
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CHAPTER
F.17
Maestro Layout and Movie

Display (Option)
F.17
The Maestro layout with the stamp segments is available on the

Exam task card in addition to the two-segment and three-segment layouts.
F.17
The stamp segments help you to orient yourself during examinations and manage the acquired series.
F.17
It is not possible to perform graphic slice positioning or zooming
and panning in the stamp segments. However, it is possible to
window the images.
F.17
You can load the series from the stamp segments into the large
image segments and view them in movie display.
F.17
This provides a life-like impression of the morphology and physiology of the examination region and might provide initial diagnostic results even before the examination is completed.
F.17
There are numerous ways of configuring and controlling movie
display.
F.17
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Maestro layout
F.17
This overview shows how to work with stamp segments.
F.17
(7)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(4)
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Examination
(1) Determine which series are suitable for slice positioning for
the following protocols and load them into the large image
segments using Drag & Drop.
(2) Drag & drop a series into the program control to repeat a
scan.
(3) Sort series into the stamp segments.
(4) Transfer the series for filming.
(5) Transfer the series from the stamp segments directly to
other task cards for postprocessing.
(6) Save the series together in a new series or append them to
an existing series.
(7) Export the series.
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Selecting the Maestro layout and loading

series
F.17
Select View > Maestro UI from the main menu.

The Exam task card is displayed with the Maestro layout. The
F.17
stamp segments are still empty.
You can load series manually or automatically.
F.17
Loading manually
F.17
Select the series in the program control or in the Patient

Browser.
Drag & drop your selection into the stamp segments.
Loading automatically
F.17
You can set the protocol properties to automatically load the

images of a protocol into the stamp segments after scanning.
This is the default setting for some protocols.
F.17
Once this type of protocol is completed, the series are displayed in the stamp segments immediately following reconstruction.
F.17
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Each stamp segment represents a series.
F.17
You can change the layout of the series in the stamp segments
as desired.
F.17
If you position and hold the mouse pointer over a stamp segment containing a series, a tool tip displays information about
the loaded series.
Transferring series from stamp segments into

image segments
F.17
You can load series from stamp segments into the large image
segments to position slices or start movie display.
F.17
Mark the large image segment.
Double-click a stamp segment.
The series in this stamp segment is loaded into the previously
selected image segment.
F.17
Or
F.17
Drag & drop a series from a stamp subsegment into a large

segment.
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Examination
Repeating scanning of a series
F.17
You can repeat scanning of a protocol if you are not satisfied

with the image quality.
F.17
Drag & drop the series from the stamp segment into the job
list.
Or
F.17

A copy of the protocol with the current slice positions is generated and converted into executable program instructions.
F.17
If you select Append To Queue, the protocol is appended to
the end of the job list. If you use the drag-and-drop method,
the protocol will be inserted in the job list where you dropped
it.
Saving, filming, exporting, and transferring

series for postprocessing
F.17
You can save the series to a new series directly from the stamp
segments, append them to an existing series, film, export, or
load them into other post processing cards.
F.17
The procedure is similar to the one described for images and
series in the large image segments.
Page F.346, Saving, exporting, and transferring images F.17
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Examination
Navigating in the stamp segments
F.17
You may load any number of series into the stamp segments. A
maximum of 12 series are displayed.
F.17
Small arrow buttons are displayed in the far left segment if more
than 12 series are loaded.
F.17
Navigating between
series
F.17
You can move the input focus by one segment to the left or
right.
F.17
Press the left or right arrow key on your keyboard.
If the input focus was on the far left or far right segment, a hidden series will be moved into the visible area.
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Shifting series by one

segment
Examination
You can move all series by one position to the left or right.
F.17
F.17
Click one of the two arrow buttons in the far left segment.
Or
F.17
Press the Ctrl + left arrow or Ctrl + right arrow key combination.
Showing the first series in

the left stamp segment
F.17
You can shift the series in the stamp segments so that the first
series is displayed in the far left segment.
F.17
Press the Home key on your keyboard.
Showing the last series in

the right stamp segment F.17
You can shift the series in the stamp segments so that the last
series is displayed in the far right segment.
F.17
Press the End key on your keyboard.
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Shifting series by 12
segments
F.17
F.17
You can shift all series in blocks of 12 segments. This hides all
series previously visible.
F.17
Press the Page or Page key on your keyboard.
F.17
Page
Scrolling images in a
stamp segment
F.17
You can scroll images in a stamp segment just like in a large

image segment.
F.17
Press the respective key on the symbol keypad of your keyboard.
If you hold the key down, the images will be displayed one after
the other like a movie (pseudo movie).
F.17
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Changing the arrangement of series
F.17
Suppose you are viewing the series in the stamp segments and
determine that some of the series have to be rescanned. You
can remove the existing series and sort the rescanned series
back into the stamp segments.
F.17
Removing series
F.17
The series are removed from the stamp segments only. They
are still available in the Patient Browser.
F.17
Select the required stamp segments.
Page F.322, Selecting images explicitly and implicitly
Selecting a stamp segment automatically selects the whole
series.
Select Remove Segment from the context menu.
The selected series will be removed. The adjacent series on the
right will be shifted to the left to fill the gap.
F.17
Removing a segment
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Examination
You can also remove the series while retaining the empty segments.
F.17
Select Edit > Clear Document(s) from the main menu.
Inserting an empty
stamp segment
F.17
You can insert an empty stamp segment for positioning series

that are loaded using Drag & Drop.
F.17
Select a segment. The empty segment will be inserted
before this segment.
Select Insert Segment from the context menu.
An empty segment is inserted. The series on the right will be
shifted by one position to the right.
F.17
Inserting a segment
If you want to load multiple series requiring several empty segments, you may repeat this step as often as necessary.
F.17
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Loading series using

Drag & Drop
F.17
Examination
You may load series from the program control, the Patient
Browser, or the large image segments.
F.17
Select the series to be loaded.
Drag & drop your selection into an empty stamp segment.
F.17
N OT E
If the target segment is not empty, the existing series will be
replaced by the first series loaded using Drag & Drop. F.17
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Movie display
F.17
During a scan or scan pause, you can start the movie display
and check the quality of the images being acquired, and gather
preliminary diagnostic information.
F.17
A large image segment is used for movie display. The images
included in a movie are always from a single series.
F.17
You can optimize the movie display according to your own
requirements by:
F.17
Setting the speed

Selecting Loop or Yo-yo mode
Changing the order of the images
Jumping to the next group during movie display
Setting realtime mode
Changing the image display while movie display is paused
Unsatisfactory images (e.g. from breath-hold scans) can be

rescanned by dragging & dropping them into the program
control during the movie display.
If the series only consists of one image, it is not possible to
enter movie mode.
F.17
N OT E
The movie quality may be affected by processes running in
background.
F.17
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Groups within a series
Examination
F.17
Series are grouped for movie display to provide a better overview. Movies display the images of one group. However, it is
possible to jump from group to group.
F.17
One series - one group
F.17
A series is treated as one group if all images in the series differ

according to the same sorting criterion.
F.17
Example: Single-slice multi-phase series (cardiac imaging)
Sort scheme SP >> TT >> TA
All images of the series have the same slice position. The trigger time, however, is different.
F.17
One series multiple groups
F.17
A series is broken down into multiple groups if the current display order results in consecutive images with the same primary
sort criterion but a different secondary sort criterion.
F.17
Example: Multi-slice multi-phase series (cardiac imaging)
Sort scheme SP >> TT >> TA
This series is divided into n groups because it contains images
of n different slice positions and different trigger times.
F.17
The first group contains all images with slice position 1 and different trigger times. The second group contains all images with
slice position 2, etc.
F.17
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Operator Manual
Examination
Starting the movie display
F.17
You can start the movie display manually or automatically.
F.17
Place the input focus on the segment you want to use for
movie display.
Select Scroll > Movie > Movie ON from the main menu.
Or
F.17
Select Movie ON from the context menu.

Or
F.17
Make sure the keyboard focus is on the image area and

press the spacebar.
Page F.319, Keyboard focus
Movie display starts.
F.17
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F.1715
Starting movie display

automatically
F.17
Examination
The protocol properties can be set to start the movie display

automatically after scanning. This is the default setting for some
protocols.
F.17
Once such a protocol has been scanned, the images are displayed in movie display immediately following reconstruction. F.17
If the protocol generates more that one series, only the first
series is shown in movie display. You can display the other
series by selecting Scroll > Series Next.
F.17
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F.1716
Operator Manual
Examination
Controlling movie display
F.17
You can start, pause, and stop the movie display via the keyboard, mouse, main menu or context menu. The Movie Control
dialog box provides additional features.
F.17
Movie display has three statuses:
F.17
running
Movie display is active and running. You can advance to the
next group or series.
paused
Movie display is active, but paused.
You can view image text or scroll between images.
stopped
Movie display is not active. Series divided into groups are
ungrouped.
stopped
Sp
ac
eb
ar
Es
c
c
Es
Spacebar
paused
running
Spacebar
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F.1717
With the keyboard

or mouse control
F.17
Examination
You can use the spacebar or mouse to toggle between running

and paused status.
F.17
Make sure the keyboard focus is on the image area if you are
controlling movie display via the keyboard.
F.17
Press the spacebar while movie display is running.
Or
F.17
Left-click the movie segment.

Movie display pauses.
F.17
Press the spacebar while movie display is paused.

Or
F.17
Left-click the movie segment while movie display is paused.

Movie display resumes.
F.17
You can switch from running or paused to stopped status

using the Esc key.
F.17
Press the Esc key while movie display is running or paused.
Movie display stops.
F.17
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F.1718
Operator Manual
Examination
Menu control
F.17
You can control movie display using the menu.
F.17
Select Scroll > Movie > Movie ON from the main menu or
Movie ON from the context menu while movie display is running or paused.
Movie display stops. The checkmark next to the menu item disappears.
F.17
Select Scroll > Movie > Movie Paused ON from the main
menu while movie display is running.
Movie display pauses. A checkmark appears next to the menu
item.
F.17
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Examination
Controlling movie display using the dialog box
F.17
You can use the Movie Control dialog box to define the speed
and order of movie display. You can define the range displayed,
jump to the next group, and switch to realtime mode.
F.17
Select Scroll > Movie > Movie Control.
The Movie Control dialog box opens.
F.17
(1) Pause movie display

(2) Loop mode
(3) Yo-yo mode
(4) Stop movie display
(5) Current sort order
(6) Open the Movie Properties dialog box
(7) Index of the current image/total number of images
(8) Realtime mode
(9) Skip images (realtime mode)
(10) LED display
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F.1720
Operator Manual
Examination
(11) Display of the current speed in frames per second

(12) Change speed using the slider
(13) Close the Movie Control dialog box
(14) Enter speed numerically
(15) running/paused status: scroll forward by one group
stopped status: scroll forward by one series
(16) Scroll forward by one image, status automatically set to
paused
(17) Set "to" marker to limit range
(18) Reverse display order (in paused status only)
(19) Position of the current image in the series
(20) Set "from" marker to limit range (in paused status only)
(21) Scroll back by one image, status automatically set to
paused
(22) running/paused status: scroll back by one group
stopped status: scroll back by one series
The Movie Properties dialog box lets you specify that the
Movie Properties dialog box will be opened automatically
every time the movie display is started.
Page F.1732, Configuring movie display
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Loop mode and

Yo-yo mode
F.17
Examination
In Loop mode, the images of a series are displayed in a loop.

After the last image of the series, the first image is displayed
again, etc.
F.17
In Yo-yo mode, the direction of movie display is reversed after
the last image (starting with the second to last image, etc.).
F.17
Click this button to activate Loop mode.

Click this button to activate Yo-yo mode.
If you press the Loop key a second time and/or Yo-yo, the
movie display is paused while you do so.
If you start or pause movie display from stopped status,
Loop mode is activated in running or paused status.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Display order of
the images
F.17
The sort scheme determines the order of images within a

series. The sort scheme is defined in the Display Order (for
Movie) dialog box.
Page F.313, Defining the scroll order
F.17
The current sort scheme is displayed in the bottom left corner

of the Movie Control dialog box.
F.17
You can reverse the image sequence in movie display.
F.17
Click this button.
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Speed of movie display
F.17
Examination
You can set the number of images (frames) displayed per second in movie display either numerically or using a slider.
F.17
Enter an integer between 1 and 99 and press Enter.
Or
F.17
Change the speed using the arrow keys.

Or
F.17
Move the slider.

The leftmost position of the slider corresponds to a speed of
1 frame per second. The rightmost position of the slider corresponds to a speed of 30 frames per second by default.
F.17
If you enter a higher speed in the input field, the value range
of the slider is adjusted accordingly.
When you move the slider, the value in the input field is
updated dynamically.
The position of the slider remains unchanged during movie
mode, i.e. the slider always indicates the speed set by the
user, not the actual speed.
The actual speed is displayed in the bottom right corner of the
Movie Control dialog box.
F.17
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F.1724
Operator Manual
Examination
F.17
Realtime mode can be used to display series of images with different time parameters.
F.17
In realtime mode, images are played back in movie display
according to the time interval at which they were acquired. F.17
In realtime mode, the movie display speed is determined by this
time parameter.
F.17
Click this button.

Realtime mode is activated.
F.17
If the time interval between images is very short, you may find
that the realtime speed is greater than the maximum speed
technically possible.
F.17
In this case, you can skip images in movie display.
F.17
Click this button.

Deactivate this option if you want to view all available images in
movie display and are willing to accept a delay in realtime display.
F.17
If you manually alter the speed while realtime mode is active,

realtime mode will automatically stop.
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F.1725
LED display
Examination
The color of the LED indicates the status of the movie display.F.17
F.17
F.17
Color
Status
gray
stopped or paused
green
running, all images are displayed
yellow
running, the Skip images option is activated,

at least two images are skipped
red
running, the Skip images option is deactivated,

the real speed is lower than the set speed
F.17
Editing images during

movie display
F.17
In movie display, you can window images, zoom in or out, and

move image contents.
Page F.326, Enlarging, reducing, and panning reference
images
F.17
Movie display is paused during image editing while pressing
and holding the left mouse button. Movie display resumes when
the mouse button is released.
F.17
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Operator Manual
Examination
Navigating in movie
display
F.17
The range display in the center of the Movie Control dialog box
shows the range of the current group.
F.17
In paused status, the position of the slider indicates the position
of the current image within the group.
F.17
The position of the current image is also indicated on the status

bar of the Movie Control dialog box.
F.17
The black bracket above the slider indicates the range of the
group currently shown in movie display.
F.17
You can scroll to the first or last image of the group using the
slider.
F.17
Drag the slider all the way to the left.
Movie display will pause and the first image of the group will be
F.17
displayed.
Drag the slider all the way to the right.
Movie display will pause and the last image of the group will be
displayed.
F.17
You can drag the slider beyond the boundary of the group. If
you switch to running status afterwards, the movie range will
be set to the beginning and end of the group associated with
the current image index.
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Scrolling between
images
F.17
Examination
In the movie segment, you can scroll all images in a series

across group boundaries. To do this, use the buttons in the
Movie Control dialog box, the keys on the symbol keypad, or
the dog ears.
Page F.319, Scrolling between images
F.17
In running or paused status, you can use the buttons, menu
commands, or symbol keys to scroll.
In stopped status, you can only use the menu commands or
the keys on the symbol keypad.
The move display has the running or paused status.
F.17
Click this button.

Movie display pauses. You will scroll forward by one image.
F.17
Click this button.

Movie display pauses. You will scroll back by one image.
F.17
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Operator Manual
Examination
Scrolling between
groups
F.17
In running or paused status, you can use buttons, menu commands or the symbol keys to scroll between groups.
F.17
You may also move from the last group of series A to the first
group of series B.
F.17
If the series in the movie segment contain only one group, you
will scroll between series.
Click this button.
Or
F.17
Select Scroll > Series Next.

Or
F.17
Press this symbol key.

You will scroll forward by one group.
F.17
Click this button.

Or
F.17
Select Scroll > Series Previous.

Or
F.17
Press this symbol key.

You will scroll back by one group.
F.17
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Examination
Unlike normal scrolling with Series Next/Previous, the image

of the previous group corresponding to the index is displayed
instead of the representative image from the next group.
F.17
If the following series cannot be grouped according to the

same criterion as the current series during scrolling, the
series will be skipped. This occurs, for instance, if the following series is the localizer series.
If the series contain multiple groups, but movie display is in
stopped status, you always scroll between series since the
grouping is suspended.
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F.1730
Operator Manual
Examination
Changing the movie

display range
F.17
After you have started the movie display, the "from" marker will
be at the beginning and the "to" marker at the end of the group
to be displayed.
F.17
If a series contains only one group, the "from" marker will be at
the leftmost position and the "to" marker at the rightmost position in the range display.
F.17
In running or paused status, you can assign the "from" or "to"

marker to the current position of the slider.
F.17
Move the slider so that the first image of the new movie
sequence is displayed in the movie segment.
Click this button.
The "from" marker will be assigned to this position.
F.17
Move the slider so that the last image of the new movie
sequence is displayed in the movie segment.
Click this button.
The "to" marker will be assigned to this position.
F.17
If you adjust the marker in running status, movie display will

immediately start within the new range.
F.17
If you place a marker at the same position twice, the "from"

marker is automatically placed at the beginning and the "to"
marker at the end of the group.
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Examination
Configuring movie display
F.17
You can configure movie display according to your individual

requirements. Four predefined parameter sets are available for
that purpose. You can modify these parameter sets or define
your own parameter settings.
F.17
Opening the Movie

Properties dialog box
F.17
Movie display is configured in the Movie Properties dialog

box.
F.17
Select Scroll > Movie > Properties.
Or
F.17
Click this button in the Movie Control dialog box.
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F.1732
Operator Manual
Examination
The Movie Properties dialog box opens. The current movie

display settings and the parameter set last used are displayed.
F.17
Setting realtime mode, Page F.1725

Reverse display order
Open Movie Control dialog box automatically on startup
Close Movie Control dialog box automatically on stopping
Select sort scheme
Activate or deactivate image text during movie display,
Page F.1735
(7) Activate or deactivate reference lines during movie display,
Page F.1735
(8) Activate or deactivate GSP objects during movie display,
Page F.1735
(9) Select predefined parameter sets,
Page F.1736
(10) Select a timeframe for realtime mode
(11) Select a segment for movie display on automatic movie
start
(12) Open Image Order dialog box, define your own sort
scheme, Page F.314
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
All dialog elements have tool tips. Position and hold the
mouse pointer over a dialog element to display the corresponding tool tip.
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F.1733
Examination
F.17
Enable the Realtime option.

If the current group is sorted according to trigger time (TT) and
you want movie display to run in Loop mode, you can also
select a time frame for the realtime display.
F.17
In the list next to Realtime, select Continuous.
The image sequence will be repeated without delay.
F.17
In the list next to Realtime, select R-R Interval.

A delay will be added between image sequences so that the
duration of an image sequence corresponds to the mean R-R
interval.
F.17
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Operator Manual
Examination
Displaying additional
information
F.17
In movie display, you can show or hide image text, reference

lines, and GSP objects.
F.17
For optimal movie quality, we recommend hiding this additional information.
When image text is activated, the following information is displayed in the movie segment:
F.17
Image number, top left
Slice position SP, bottom right
Trigger time TT, bottom right
If the references lines are activated in the menu (View > Reference Lines ON) and in the Movie Properties dialog box, the
position of the current image in the movie segment will be indicated by a reference line in the non-movie segments and continuously updated in running or paused status.
F.17
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Examination
If this option is activated, all GSP objects and all orientation aids
selected via the menu (reference lines, adjustment volume, coil
elements, etc.) will be displayed in the movie segment in running or paused status.
Page F.431, Displaying orientation aids
F.17
You can perform graphic slice positioning in the movie display.

The movie display is paused while you do so.
Displaying predefined
parameter sets
F.17
The predefined parameter sets can be selected from the list

under Store Set.
F.17
These parameter sets can be modified, but not renamed.
F.17
Select a parameter set.

The Movie Properties dialog box shows all the settings of this
parameter set.
F.17
Accept parameter set
F.17
You check the parameter settings and apply them if they are
suitable for the current movie display.
F.17
Click Apply.
The settings are now applied to the movie display. The Movie
Properties dialog box remains open.
F.17
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Operator Manual
Examination
Changing a predefined
parameter set
F.17
You can change the parameters sets and store them permanently so that they are available after you reboot the system. F.17
Select a parameter set from the list.
Change the settings in the Movie Properties dialog box.
Click Store.
The current settings in the Movie Properties dialog box are
assigned to the selected parameter set. The current movie display is not updated.
F.17
Applying temporary
settings
F.17
You can define the parameters and apply them to the current
movie display without assigning these settings to a parameter
set or saving them.
F.17
Define the parameters in the Movie Properties dialog box.
Click Apply.
The current movie display is updated. The parameter set disF.17
played in the Store Set list is not changed.
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Canceling the
configuration
F.17
Examination
You can cancel the configuration and close the dialog box without applying the changes.
F.17
Click Close.
Or
F.17
Press the Esc key.
F.17
Or
F.17
Click the Close window icon.
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F.1738
Operator Manual
CHAPTER
F.18
Breast Biopsy
F.18
If a lesion is detected during mammography, an MR-guided

Breast Biopsy may be performed.
F.18
Mark the lesion and reference position on the MR image. The
system calculates the biopsy needle paths at various angles.F.18
A Breast Biopsy examination may be performed only in connection with the appropriate license.
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Breast Biopsy
Requirements
Examination
F.18
The images have to meet the following prerequisites prior to

your performing a Breast Biopsy examination:
F.18
patient.
The patient has to be in the "head first, prone" position.
The images have not been remapped for distortion correction.
The images are part of the same set of series and have been
acquired at the same table position.
The images have been acquired after the last table movement.
A message box will be displayed if the images do not meet one
of the criteria above.
F.18
Images used to generate a Breast Biopsy exam cannot be

used afterward for repeated markings or calculations.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Calling up Breast Biopsy

dialog box
Breast Biopsy
F.18
You start the Breast Biopsy examination from the Exam task
card.
F.18
Load the required thorax images into the image area.
Select Image Tools > Breast Biopsy from the main menu.
The Breast Biopsy dialog box opens.
F.18
(1) Switching area

(2) Data area
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Breast Biopsy
Examination
The Breast Biopsy dialog box is divided into two areas:
F.18
Switching area
You'll edit the reference images, set markers, and calculate
the data for the biopsy.
Data area
The text fields are used to display the current patient data
(name, date of birth) and the data calculated on the basis of
the angulation used.
The functions for graphic slice positioning are not active while
the Breast Biopsy dialog box is open.
When you open the Breast Biopsy dialog box, the system
checks the patient position. If another patient position than the
"head first, prone" position is used, a message box appears and
the examination is aborted.
F.18
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Operator Manual
Examination
Minimizing the Breast

Biopsy dialog box
Breast Biopsy
F.18
The first time you open the Breast Biopsy dialog box, it is positioned in front of the parameter cards. You can move it to any
position on the screen.
F.18
It is also possible to minimize the Breast Biopsy dialog box to
keep your screen uncluttered.
F.18
If you switch back to the Exam task card from another task
card, the dialog box is restored to full size.
task card
F.18
If you switch to another task card (e.g. Viewer, 3D), the Breast
Biopsy dialog remains open in background.
F.18
As soon as you select the Exam task card again, the Breast
Biopsy dialog box will be displayed again. Both the previous
position as well as the contents of the Breast Biopsy dialog
box remain the same.
F.18
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Breast Biopsy
Closing Breast Biopsy
Examination
F.18
After you have completed the biopsy examination, close the

Breast Biopsy dialog box.
F.18
Or
F.18
Press the Alt + F4 key combination or the Esc key.

Or
F.18
Click the right button of the title bar.

The Breast Biopsy dialog box closes.
F.18
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Operator Manual
Examination
Breast Biopsy
Loading and selecting images
F.18
After you have registered a patient and completed the first scan
(localizer), the reference images will be displayed in the image
area of the Exam task card.
F.18
Search for original images
F.18
You are able to scroll images and series to search for images
suitable for reference and lesion markers.
F.18
Image-by-image scrolling
F.18
You are able to scroll a series image-by-image as follows:
F.18
Use the dog-ears in the top right-hand corner of the image

segments.
Page G.32, Scrolling
Or
F.18
Click the Ima+ or Ima- buttons on the symbol keypad.

Or
F.18
Select Scroll > Image Next or Scroll > Image Previous.
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Breast Biopsy
Scrolling series by series
Examination
F.18
To display series in background in the image area, proceed as

follows:
F.18
Click the Series+ or Series- buttons on the symbol keypad.
Or
F.18
Select Scroll > Series next or Scroll > Series prev.

Parallel scrolling
F.18
To compare images of two or three series, scroll in parallel

through images in these series.
F.18
Explicitly select the image segments you want to scroll in
parallel.
Use the symbol keys or the menu commands to scroll
between images.
Selecting images
F.18
The input focus and explicit image selection work as described

for the Viewing task card.
F.18
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Operator Manual
Examination
Breast Biopsy
Changing the image display
F.18
Once you have selected images for the Breast Biopsy examination, you may optimize the image display.
F.18
The following methods are available:
F.18
Setting the brightness and contrast,

Page F.324, Changing window values
Zooming and reducing images as well as panning them,
Page F.326, Enlarging, reducing, and panning reference
images
Display pixel coordinates, measure distances and angles,
Page F.334, Pixel coordinates, distances, and angles
Flipping and rotating images
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Breast Biopsy
Flipping images
horizontally and
vertically
Examination
Horizontal flipping swaps the top and bottom of the image. The
axis of rotation is horizontal.
F.18
F.18
Vertical flipping swaps the left and right side of the image. The
axis of rotation is vertical.
F.18
Place the input focus on the image you want to flip.

To flip multiple images, select the images explicitly.
Select Image Tools > Flip Horizontally.
Or
F.18
Select Image Tools > Flip Vertically.
Flipping horizontally
Flipping vertically
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Operator Manual
Examination
Rotating images
about 90
Breast Biopsy
You are able to rotate images clockwise about 90.

F.18
F.18
Place the input focus on the image you want to rotate.

To rotate multiple images, select the images explicitly.
Select Image Tools > Rotate 90.
Rotating about 90
degrees
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Breast Biopsy
Examination
Setting markers to calculate the

biopsy channel
F.18
The buttons in the Breast Biopsy dialog box are used to calculate the path of the biopsy needle.
F.18
F.18
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
Activate/deactivate cross hairs

Zoom/pan images
Modify graphic
Setting a reference marker
Setting a lesion marker
Image comment
Calculate/save offset data
Printing out a worksheet (anonymously, if necessary)
You are defining reference and lesion markers in the images.

The system calculates the starting position of the biopsy needle
as well as the biopsy channel based on these data.
F.18
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Operator Manual
Examination
Breast Biopsy
Setting a reference marker
F.18
After you have adjusted the reference image to your requirements, set the reference marker at the predefined starting position of the biopsy needle.
F.18
Click the Cross hair button in the Breast Biopsy dialog box.
Click the position in the segment where you want to set the
reference marker.
The cross hair is displayed.
F.18
Confirm the correct position of the cross hair with respect to the
reference marker.
F.18
Click the Store Marker Position button in the Breast
Biopsy dialog box.
Predefined
starting position
Display cross hair
Reference marker
The reference marker is indicated by a green cross in the

image. The cross hair disappears.
F.18
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F.1813
Breast Biopsy
Position of the reference

marker
Examination
F.18
The system uses the position of the reference marker to calculate the coordinates in the patient coordinate system and enters
them in the window next to the Store Marker Position button.
The coordinates are displayed in metric units. At the same time
a check mark appears next to the Store Marker Position button. The position of the reference marker is stored.
F.18
F.18
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Operator Manual
Examination
Moving a reference
marker
Breast Biopsy
You can move the stored reference marker to a new position.F.18

F.18
Click the Cross hair button again.

Click another position in the reference image.
Click the Store Marker Position button to accept the position of the reference marker.
The cross hair moves to the new position.
F.18
Or
F.18
Click the cross hair and drag it to a new position while keeping the left mouse button pressed.
The new coordinates of the reference marker are shown in the
display window. The new position of the reference marker is
stored.
F.18
Zooming and panning a

reference image
F.18
You may zoom or pan the image to determine the position of the
reference marker.
F.18
Click the Zoom/Pan button in the Breast Biopsy dialog box.
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F.1815
Breast Biopsy
Examination
Setting a lesion marker
F.18
Define the position of the lesion marker to calculate the depth

of the puncture depth as well as the horizontal and vertical offset.
F.18
Click the Cross hair button in the Breast Biopsy dialog box.
Click the location in the segment displaying a lesion.
The cross hair is displayed.
F.18
Click the Store Lesion Position button in the Breast

Biopsy dialog box.
F.18
The lesion marker is indicated by a yellow cross in the image.

The cross hair disappears.
F.18
You may only set one lesion marker in a series.
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Operator Manual
Examination
Position of the lesion

marker
Breast Biopsy
F.18
The patient coordinates appear in the display field next to the

Store Lesion Position button.
F.18
As with the reference marker, you are able to move the lesion
marker and zoom or pan the reference image.
F.18
You are also able to change the order in which you set the
markers.
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F.1817
Breast Biopsy
Examination
Entering a lesion name
F.18
When you open the Breast Biopsy dialog box, "Lesion 1" is
entered as the default name in the Image Comment display
field.
F.18
The lesion name is used for generating a series name as well
as for image annotation.
F.18
The text index increases in increments of 1 following each calculation, e.g. "Lesion 2".
F.18
The lesion name also appears on the printed worksheet.
F.18
Renaming the lesion
F.18
You may change the lesion name to any name you wish.
F.18
Highlight the text in the display field using the mouse.

Type the new name using the keyboard.
0.0
F.1818
Operator Manual
Examination
Breast Biopsy
Calculating the biopsy channel
F.18
After you have set the reference and lesion markers, you start
the calculation of the biopsy channel.
F.18
Starting calculation
F.18
Click the Calculate/Save button in the Breast Biopsy dialog

box.
The offset data will be calculated for the angles (0, 5, 10, 15,
30). The reference images including markers are stored in the
database. When the operation is complete, a checkmark will
appear next to the Calculate/Save button.
F.18
The calculated offset data are displayed in the right half of the
F.18
F.18
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
Display of the calculation date

Display of the patient's name
Display of the date of birth
Selection of the angle
Display of the vertical offset of the target device
Display of the horizontal offset of the target device
Display of the puncture depth
Name of the series
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1819
Breast Biopsy
Displaying the
series name
Examination
F.18
One new series per angle is generated. The series name, e.g.
"Biopsy 15: Lesion 1" includes the following:
F.18
"Biopsy" for the examination
"15" for the angle
"Lesion 1" content of the Image Comment text field
If a series with this name already exists (you can check it in the
Browser), a running number is appended to the series name,
e.g. "Biopsy 15: Lesion 1_1". The series name is also indicated
by an image comment in the stored images.
F.18
F.18
0.0
F.1820
Operator Manual
Examination
Displaying a biopsy
channel
Breast Biopsy
You can scroll the series by angles.
F.18
F.18
Select an angle from the selection list.

The values for the horizontal and vertical offset and the puncture depth are automatically displayed in the Breast Biopsy
dialog box for the selected angle.
F.18
At the same time, the biopsy channel is displayed automatically
in the image segments.
F.18
(1) Biopsy channel,

indicated by a blue line
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1821
Breast Biopsy
Examination
The biopsy channel is displayed as a blue line, if
F.18
the start position and

lesion
are in the same image plane.
F.18
The value in the Angle field is set to "0" upon opening the
Resetting offset data
F.18
You can reset the calculated offset data.
F.18
Click the Reset button.

The control elements and text fields will be reset to the values
F.18
upon opening the Breast Biopsy dialog box.
All calculated data and positioned markers will be deleted.
F.18
The stored series remain in the database.
F.18
0.0
F.1822
Operator Manual
Examination
Breast Biopsy
Creating the worksheet
F.18
Once calculation of the offset data has been completed, you

can print the worksheet. You will need the printed worksheets
when performing a Breast Biopsy examination.
F.18
You can only print the worksheet if you have the correct
access rights.
Printing a worksheet
F.18
Before printing a worksheet, you can decide whether the worksheet will be printed with the complete shift data. As an alternative, you can keep the most important patient data anonymous
when printing; i.e. the Patient name, Date of birth, and Series
name are not printed.
F.18
Select the Anonymously check box for anonymized printing

of the shift data.
If you want to print the shift data with the complete patient
data, you can ignore this setting.
Click the Print button in the Breast Biopsy dialog box.

One worksheet is printed per angle (0, 5, 10, 15, 30).
F.18
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1823
Breast Biopsy
Examination
(1) Contains all calculated data that are displayed in the

Breast Biopsy window.
In an anonymized print-out, the Patient, Date of birth, and
Series name fields are empty.
(2) Enter the actual angle.
(3) Enter the type of needle.
(4) Enter the name of the examining physician.
(5) Enter the starting and ending position of the biopsy needle.
(6) Enter a delta value.
The delta value depends on the type of needle.
0.0
F.1824
Operator Manual
Examination
Breast Biopsy
Once the worksheets have been printed, a check mark appears

next to the Print button.
F.18
F.18
N OT E
To ensure that the printed worksheets required for the
biopsy examination are up to date, do not change the
position of the reference or lesion markers after calculation
of the offset data.
F.18
F.18
Selecting the printer
F.18
If you do not want to print your current worksheets on the

default printer, select another printer.
F.18
You may select any printer installed on your system.
F.18
Click the Select Printer... button.

The Select Printer dialog box opens.
F.18
F.18
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1825
Breast Biopsy
Examination
Select the desired printer from the selection list.

This selection list contains any printer connected to your system.
F.18
Click the OK button in the Select Printer dialog box.

The selected printer becomes the default printer. It is used
unless you select another printer.
F.18
You can select the Windows default printer at any time.
F.18
Click the Use Default Printer button in the Select Printer

dialog box.
You can undo your changes.
F.18
Click the Cancel button in the Select Printer dialog box.

The changes made in the Select Printer dialog box are
ignored.
F.18
Completing a worksheet
F.18
If no printer is connected to your system, you may fill out the

worksheet in the manual and use it for the biopsy examination.F.18
0.0
F.1826
Operator Manual
Examination
Breast Biopsy
SIEMENS
Breast Biopsy Worksheet
F.18
Patient:
Date:
Date of Birth:
Comment:
Approach An-
Reference Position
deg.
F.18
Lesion Position
F.18
F.18
Horizontal Move:
mm
mm
Vertical Move:
mm
mm
mm
mm
F.18
F.18
Depth:
mm Delta Value:
mm
F.18
mm
F.18
mm
Series Name:
Abs. Reference Position:
Abs. Lesion Position:
Real Approach:
Needle Type:
Performing Physician:
F.18
F.18
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1827
Breast Biopsy
Examination
Performing a biopsy
examination
F.18
You have saved the images with the reference and lesion markers and printed the worksheet. The values for the puncture
depth, horizontal and vertical move have been calculated by the
system. You can now manually configure the biopsy device
using the worksheet and begin the biopsy examination.
F.18
After you have performed a biopsy examination, the reference images may no longer be used for marking or calculation.
Checking the marker position
F.18
You have to ensure that the calculated output data are correct.
You may check the output data by running the open protocol
again.
Page F.637, Scanning an open protocol more than once F.18
0.0
F.1828
Operator Manual
Examination
Breast Biopsy
Biopsy examination for multilesions
F.18
If there are several lesions, calculate a biopsy channel for each

individual lesion. Biopsy examinations are always performed for
a single marked lesion.
F.18
After you have completed the biopsy examination for a lesion,
you can repeat the scan from the open protocol.
F.18
Select Queue > Scan Opened Protocol from the main
menu.
A copy of the open protocol is added to the queue above the
original protocol. The open protocol is assigned a new number.
The copied protocol is complete and will start automatically. You
may now set the markers for another lesion in the reference
images.
Page F.1812, Setting markers to calculate the biopsy channel
F.18
This allows you to mark the individual lesions in the same
images.
0.0
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F.1829
Breast Biopsy
Examination
0.0
F.1830
Operator Manual
CHAPTER
F.19
Automatic Position
Suggestion
F.19
Together with a standard brain atlas, AutoAlignTM enables precise orientation of measurement objects during head examinations independent of the position of the head.
F.19
The use of AutoAlign, requires a license.
F.19
For automatic position correction, an AutoAlign head program

is available in the Siemens area of the Exam Explorer. You can
also adapt AutoAlign head programs and save them in your
user area.
F.19
After a localizing scan has been performed with a standard
localizer, a second localizer, or special 3D Scout, is acquired.
The volume data obtained from this scan are matched against
the atlas with AutoAlign. This results in a matrix that describes
the offset, translation, and rotation of the measured brain relative to the atlas.
F.19
This AutoAlign matrix (AAM) computed via AutoAlign is automatically added to the slices, sats, etc. of the subsequent protocols.
F.19
Using statistical images AutoAlign allows you to plan slices for

certain diagnostic problems. This allows you to create a userdefined scan program for any patient.
F.19
AutoAlign is a trademark of CorTechs.
F.19
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.191
Automatic Position Suggestion
Basics
Examination
F.19
AutoAlign is based on an automatic segmentation algorithm

for gray scale values and CSF (cerebral spine fluid) in acquired
3D volume data sets and the use of an atlas.
F.19
AutoAlign Scout (AAS)
F.19
The AutoAlign scout (AAS) is based on a special 3D flash

sequence. The AAS generates the necessary data sets for the
AutoAlign calculation.
F.19
The AAS records two image data sets with different flip
angles:
F.19
1. scan: 2 degrees
2. scan: 6 degrees
Atlas
F.19
The delivery volume of a system with AutoAlign includes the

appropriate AutoAlign atlas. The atlas is based on a large number of head scans.
F.19
AutoAlign matrix (AAM)
F.19
The translation and rotation, or AutoAlign matrix (AAM), are calculated from the 3D volume sets generated with the AAS as a
function of the atlas of the patient's head.
F.19
The AAM is applied to all graphical objects of the following protocols if there is a minimum fit between the patient data and the
atlas.
F.19
0.0
F.192
Operator Manual
Examination
Requirements
F.19
Individual anatomical differences may be necessary in applying

AutoAlign. AutoAlign head programs can be performed under
the following conditions:
F.19
The minimum patient age is 17 years.
The patient can only be measured in the head first - supine
position. This entry has to be included in the patient registration data.
The patient cannot suffer from certain diseases, such as
Alzheimer, does not have a large tumor, nor has had major
brain surgery.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.193
Examination
Display in the Program Control
F.19
A dimmed button below the contrast agent syringe indicates

whether the system has an AutoAlign license.
F.19
AutoAlign activated
F.19
F.19
After successful ASS scan, the button is active. It shows that

AutoAlign is activated.
F.19
Until a scan has been successfully completed, the button
remains dimmed.
F.19
AutoAlign remains active until a patient is newly registered.
The function is deactivated by clicking the softkey or selecting
the menu item Queue > Deactivate AutoAlign.
Page F.1911, Deactivating AutoAlign
AutoAlign Scout
F.19
The AAS belonging to an AutoAlign scan program is marked

with an icon.
F.19
The icon appears to the left of the name of the AAS.
F.19
A red cross is shown if it was not possible to successfully scan

the AAS.
F.19
0.0
F.194
Operator Manual
Examination
Examination with AutoAlign
F.19
Load an AutoAlign program into the Program Control.
F.19
The AutoAlignScout (AAS) measuring the images for computing the AAM is started automatically. The successfully calculated matrix is then applied to the graphical objects of the following protocols. Adjusted in this manner, the protocols are now
executed.
After the AAS, the program automatically starts the measuring
of survey images via the localizer.
F.19
Measuring an AutoAlign Scout

Loading a AutoAlign
Head program
F.19
F.19
The AutoAlign license is available and you registered the

patient.
F.19
Transfer the AutoAlign program to the Program Control
F.19
0.0
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F.195
Examination
When you insert an AAS in the job list, the patient's age is
checked automatically. A message informs you if the patient
is too young.
Page F.1913, Checking the patient's age
Acquiring an AutoAlign
Scout
The AAS starts automatically.

F.19
F.19
The message "Waiting for slice positioning before ending

AutoAlign scan" is shown on the status bar.
F.19
NOTE
For the Siemens AutoAlign program, the coils required are
stored for each program. Usually the body coil is used for
AAS.
F.19
However, when, e.g. opening the AAS in the queue, the
adverse possibility exists that the head matrix coil selected
for a previous measurement will be transferred to the
current one.
F.19
Check the coil allocated to AAS and, if necessary, select
the body coil on the parameter card System Coils
again.
Two image data sets are acquired with different flip angles.
They are not loaded into the large image segments after calculation. The system calculates the AAM from these data sets. F.19
0.0
F.196
Operator Manual
Examination
Scanning a Standard
localizer
The first survey starts automatically after measuring the AAS. F.19
F.19
These reference images are loaded into the large image segments of the Exam task card once the localizer measurement
and image calculation have been completed.
F.19
Three reference images are displayed: with sagittal, transverse,
and coronal orientation.
F.19
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.197
Adjusting the following protocols
Examination
F.19
After successfully scanning the AAS and calculating the AAM,

AutoAlign is activated.
F.19
AutoAlign active
F.19
The AutoAlign button and the Queue > Deactivate AutoAlign

menu item are available again.
F.19
The program control shows the series icon to the right of the
protocol name.
F.19
F.19
During AAS scanning, a message appears if it is not possible

to calculate the AAM or to obtain the necessary fit.
Page F.1917, Canceling an AutoAlign scan
0.0
F.198
Operator Manual
Examination
Applying positioning
F.19
After the AAM has been successfully calculated, it is applied to

the graphical objects of the subsequent protocols in the job
list.
F.19
You may be able to observe this: the graphical objects in the
GSP segments are rotated immediately after opening a protocol.
F.19

The protocol is closed and the scan is started with the AAM
applied.
F.19
NOTE
If you position the graphical objects of the next protocol
during AAS scanning, these objects will be rotated after the
AAM has been calculated.
F.19
F.19
Not applying slice

positioning
F.19
If you are not satisfied with the slice positioning corrected by the
AAM, you can position the slices manually as usual.
F.19
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.199
Examination
Closing the AutoAlign examination
F.19
You can close the examination after determining that you do not
have to perform additional scans or repeat protocols.
F.19
After you have performed the AutoAlign examination and reconstructed the series, AutoAlign remains activated.
F.19
Move the patient table out of the magnet and allow the
patient to leave.
Or
F.19
Right-click the name of the patient in the program control

and select Close Patient from the context menu.
AutoAlign is deactivated and the program control is returned to
its original state.
F.19
0.0
F.1910
Operator Manual
Examination
Deactivating AutoAlign
F.19
After successfully scanning an AAS, it may be necessary to

deactivate AutoAlign. This may apply if, e.g., you are not satisfied with the results of the AAS scan and want to continue the
examination with manual slice positioning. Another case may
be the need for additional body scans after you complete the
head examination.
F.19
Manually deactivating
AutoAlign
F.19
Click the AutoAlign button.

Or
F.19
Select Queue > Deactivate AutoAlign from the main menu.

The following message appears:
F.19
F.19
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1911
Examination
AutoAlign is deactivated. The AutoAlign button and the

Queue > Deactivate AutoAlign menu item are dimmed.
F.19
You can now perform additional patient examinations without

having to register them again.
F.19
The protocols already acquired with AutoAlign are not
changed by deactivating AutoAlign.
F.19
New series block
F.19
Each table movement deactivates AutoAlign, since the calculated AAM refers to a fixed table position.
F.19
If the table moves or the light localizer is enabled, e.g., to initiate
repositioning, a new series block is started.
F.19
You can see that AutoAlign has been deactivated because
both the button and Queue > Deactivate AutoAlign menu item
are dimmed.
F.19
0.0
F.1912
Operator Manual
Examination
Checking the patient's age
F.19
As soon as the AutoAlign program has been transferred to the

queue of the program control, the system checks the patient
data for meeting the conditions for AAS measurements:
F.19
Patient age: younger than 17
Patient position: only head first - supine
Patient too young
F.19
If the patient is younger than 17, the program control is blocked

and the following message appears.
F.19
F.19

The window closes.
F.19
To continue scanning for this patient, select a scan program

without AutoAlign.
F.19
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1913
Examination
If you attempt to scan the AAS again, a message box appears

informing you how to proceed.
0.0
F.1914
Operator Manual
Examination
Making the program

control ready to run
again
You can skip or delete the AAS.

F.19
F.19
Click the Skip button.

The AAS is skipped. The next protocol may now be started.
Automatic position suggestion is not used.
F.19
Select the AAS in the job list.

context menu.
Or
F.19
Use the Del key on the keyboard.

Or
F.19
Drag the AAS into the wastepaper basket.

The AAS is removed from the job list, and the program control
F.19
is ready to run again.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1915
Unsuitable patient positioning
Examination
F.19
AutoAlign may be performed only when the head first supine positioning has been assigned during patient registration.
F.19
If this is not the case, the program control is blocked for additional measurements. The following message appears:
F.19

The window is closed.
F.19
Change the patient positioning to head first - supine in the

patient data.
Page E.212, Entering examination data
Subsequently, the AutoAlign measurement may be started
again.
F.19
0.0
F.1916
Operator Manual
Examination
Canceling an AutoAlign scan
F.19
For an AutoAlign scan to run successfully, a given fit has to be

obtained to allow for correct application of the AAM to the protocols.
F.19
AAS not scanned
F.19
If the AAS was not scanned, the message "Scanning of protocol

... has failed" is shown on the status bar.
F.19
The AAS is marked as "canceled" by the lightning icon. The
series icon next to the protocol indicates that the image data
sets have not been calculated.
F.19
F.19
F.19
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1917
Examination
Click OK.
The protocols of the job list continue to be executable. You may
continue scanning as usual.
F.19
The AutoAlign button and the Queue > Deactivate AutoAlign
menu item are dimmed.
F.19
AAM not usable

F.19
If the AAS was successfully scanned, without obtaining the

defined fit, you will see a line running through the icon.
F.19
Fit not achieved
F.19
The following situations may make it impossible to obtain a

defined fit or to calculate the AAM.
F.19
Pathological changes to the patient's brain.
Page F.193, Requirements
The head of the patient is offset by > 50 degrees and/or > 50
cm from the atlas.
0.0
F.1918
Operator Manual
Examination
Repeating the AutoAlign Scout
F.19
In some exams, it may be necessary to repeat the AAS, for

example, because the patient moved.
F.19
Select the AAS from the job list.

Select Queue > Rerun from the main menu.
Or
F.19
Select Rerun from the context menu.

The AAS is started again.
F.19
A new AAM is calculated after the AAS scan. It replaces an

F.19
existing AAM.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1919
Inserting a new AAS
F.19
Examination
If the patient moved his head after the AAS was scanned, a second AAS can be inserted in the job list to correct the slice position again.
F.19
Select an AAS on the program card or in the Exam Explorer

and insert it in the job list.
The new AAS will be started automatically and a new AAM will
be calculated.
F.19
Inserting the AAS starts a new series block.
0.0
F.1920
Operator Manual
Examination
Editing an AutoAlign scan program
F.19
You can modify the AutoAlign scan program in the job list as
usual.
Page F.639, Processing the job list while scans are being
performed
F.19
F.19
Inserting programs and protocols
F.19
You can transfer program steps or complete scan programs to

the job list even if they are for other body regions.
F.19
If the protocol requires table movement, a new series block
begins and AutoAlign is deactivated.
Page F.1912, New series block
F.19
If the protocols do not include table movement, they are executed and the current AAM as calculated by the AAS is
applied.
F.19
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1921
Examination
Setting copy references
F.19
You can apply parameter settings of a protocol in the AutoAlign

scan program to another protocol by setting a copy reference.
F.19
The AAS can be a source protocol but not a target protocol.
F.19
N OT E
The AAM is applied to the target protocol only if the copy
reference contains slices.
F.19
0.0
F.1922
Operator Manual
Examination
Creating a protocol from a series or image

(Phoenix)
F.19
The Phoenix function enables you to reconstruct a protocol

from previously acquired images.
F.19
It is easy to reconstruct scan protocols for a new examination
from images acquired in a previous exam.
F.19
The two steps involved are:
Transfer the AAS to the job list
Transfer the series or image to the job list
Inserting the AAS
F.19
F.19
To run the reconstructed protocol the AAM has to be recalculated.

F.19
Select an AAS on the program card or in the Exam Explorer
and insert it in the job list.
After the AAS has been successfully scanned, the AAM is calculated. This new AAM is applied to the slices.
F.19
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1923
Selecting a scanned series

or image with AutoAlign F.19
Examination
Select a series or image in the Patient Browser.

A single image is sufficient for reconstruction.
F.19
Press the mouse button and drag your selection into the job
list (drag & drop).
Or
F.19
Select Append To Queue from the pop-up menu in a GSP

segment.
A protocol is generated from the series or image and contains
all measurement parameters used to acquire the image. After
you have run the protocol, the same slices are scanned as in
the previous examination.
F.19
F.19
NOTE
Phoenix is available for all MAGNETOM systems with
syngo MR 2002B. It works with all images that have been
generated with this or future software versions.
F.19
Protocols of images or series that have been scanned with
a different software version or that are from a different
MAGNETOM, must be converted.
Page F.1925, Reconstructed protocol by conversion F.19
0.0
F.1924
Operator Manual
Examination
Reconstructed protocol by
conversion
F.19
You can attempt to convert images or series that were not

acquired on a identical system configuration.
F.19
As a prerequisite, the sequence technique for the protocol is
available and licensed for your MAGNETOM system.
F.19
Select a series or image in the Patient Browser.

Press and hold the Shift key, press and hold the left mouse
button and drag the series or image into the job list (drag &
drop).
A message box informs you if the conversion was not successful.
F.19
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1925
Examination
Creating new AutoAlign programs
F.19
There are various ways of creating a new AutoAlign head program and saving it as a new AutoAlign program in the user area
of the Exam Explorer.
F.19
Creating your own AutoAlign head program in

the Exam Explorer
F.19
You can create your own AutoAlign head program in the usual
way in the Exam Explorer.
F.19
Insert an AAS into any head scan program or create a head
program from selected protocols and add an AAS to it.
Page F.1638, Creating a new program
F.19
0.0
F.1926
Operator Manual
Examination
Exporting executed programs to the Exam

Explorer
F.19
After performing an AutoAlign exam, you can save a changed

scan program as a new program and use it for subsequent
examinations.
F.19
All patient-specific AutoAlign data are removed so that the program can be used just like any other scan program.
F.19

control.
As [Customer Tree] dialog box.
F.19
Assign your modified scan program to an examination region as
well as an examination and enter a name for the scan program.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1927
Examination
Planning with atlas images
F.19
AutoAlign allows you to plan slices on statistical images for

certain diagnostic problems. As a result, you are able to create
a user-defined scan program.
F.19
This slice positioning using statistical images is not performed
for a certain patient but once. You can examine any number of
patients with AutoAlign.
F.19
Registering a planning
patient
F.19
To plan an AutoAlign program, a special planning patient is

available in the Patient Browser.
F.19
Register the AutoAlign patient.
Select patient position Head first - supine.
F.19
Click OK.
The window closes.
F.19
0.0
F.1928
Operator Manual
Examination
Program control in
planning mode
F.19
The program control indicates planning mode instead of a

patient's name. The status bar indicates that scans are not possible.
F.19
F.19
Loading atlas images in

GSP
F.19
The images for planning are automatically loaded into the

images segments of the Exam task card.
The program control is blocked for scans but protocol editing is
possible without restriction.
F.19
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.1929
Adjusting AutoAlign
protocols
Examination
Load, for example, a head program into the job list.

F.19
Now open the protocols and position the slices on the atlas
images.
The changes are applied to the opened protocols.
F.19
Saving new protocols
F.19
After you have positioned the graphical objects, you can save
the edited protocols in the Exam Explorer.
Page F.1927, Exporting executed programs to the Exam
Explorer
Page F.666, Saving a job list as a new program
F.19
Quitting planning
mode
Register a real patient.

F.19
Or
F.19

Or
F.19
Right-click the name of the patient in the program control

and select Close Patient from the context menu.
0.0
F.1930
Operator Manual
CHAPTER
F.20
Quality Measurement
F.20
You can perform quality checking measurements for each RF

coil. For this purpose, use the measurement phantom and the
quality program at the MR console.
F.20
The quality measurement checks the signal-to-noise ratio of the
coils. In addition, you are able to determine the signal uniformity
for the body coil as well as test the phantom image for artifacts.
F.20
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
F.201
Quality Measurement
Examination
Performing Quality Measurements
F.20
The preparation of quality measurements is performed as

described in the "quality assurance" supplement.
F.20
Select the Options > Service > Customer QA.. menu item
under syngo MR at the MR console.
The Quality Assurance dialog box opens.
F.20
(1) List of configured coils

(2) Available quality measurements
(3) Status of quality measurement
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Examination
Quality Measurement
Select the correct coil from the list.

This list shows all coils configured by Siemens Service.
Configuring the quality
measurement
F.20
Click the Coil Check checkbox if you want to check the signal-to-noise ratio and signal uniformity.
Click the Calc Artefacts checkbox if you would like to test
the body coil for artifacts.
Starting Quality
measurement
F.20
Click Go.
A help window is displayed that describes the position of the
phantom holder and phantoms for the selected coil.
F.20
Follow all positioning instructions.
Connect the coil to the MR system.
The quality measurement can be aborted at this point by
clicking Cancel.
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Quality Measurement
Examination

The help window closes, and the quality measurement starts. F.20
Information regarding the progress of the measurement is displayed in the yellow fields next to Coil Check and Calc Artefacts.
F.20
F.20
Message
To do
Running
Explanation
Measurement not yet performed
Measurement is in progress
Done
Measurement finished
Parameters correspond to specifications
NotOK
Calculated parameter does not correspond to

specifications
Error
Measurement cannot be performed
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Examination
Quality Measurement
You can stop a quality measurement in progress.
F.20
Click Abort.
If the message Error or NotOK appears, repeat the quality
measurement.
F.20
Optimize the position of the phantom.
Optimize marking with the laser light localizer.
Repeat the quality measurement.
If the results of the quality measurement are still unsatisfactory, contact Siemens Service.
End Quality
measurement
Click the Exit button.

F.20
The Quality Assurance dialog window closes.
F.20
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Quality Measurement
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Operator Manual
PART
Viewing
G.0
G.1 Introduction
Calling up the Viewing task card .................................... G.12
The image area .............................................................. G.14
The control area ............................................................. G.17
G.2 Loading and Displaying Images

Transferring images with the Patient Browser ............... G.22
Creating a patient folder ............................................ G.23
Creating a group folder ............................................ G.210
Loading images automatically ...................................... G.211
Displaying images and series ...................................... G.212
Normal mode or study comparison mode ................ G.214
Image-stripe display or stack display ....................... G.216
Division of the image area ....................................... G.220
Showing and hiding image text ................................ G.225
The scale bar ........................................................... G.227
G.3 Scrolling and Selecting Images

Scrolling ......................................................................... G.32
Scrolling image by image .......................................... G.34
Scrolling page by page .............................................. G.37
Scrolling from series to series ................................. G.312
Scrolling from study to study ................................... G.314
Scrolling to the next patient ..................................... G.317
Animated images (Movie) ............................................ G.318
Playing back the movie interactively ........................ G.320
Playing back the movie automatically ...................... G.322
Playback of multiple movies .................................... G.328
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Contents
Viewing
Selecting images ......................................................... G.332

Working in the input focus ....................................... G.333
Selecting images explicitly ...................................... G.337
Direct image processing.......................................... G.344
G.4 Processing Images

Windowing images ........................................................ G.42
Setting the scope ...................................................... G.44
Automatic windowing ................................................ G.49
Assigning predefined window settings .................... G.411
Windowing with the mouse ..................................... G.412
Windowing with the keyboard ................................. G.413
Restoring and saving window values ...................... G.414
Zooming and panning images ..................................... G.415
Displaying enlarged/reduced images ...................... G.415
Panning images ...................................................... G.423
Enlarging the image section .................................... G.427
Rotating, flipping and inverting .................................... G.428
Rotating images (Rotate) ........................................ G.429
Flipping images (Flip) .............................................. G.432
Inverting images (Invert) ......................................... G.434
Saving your changes............................................... G.435
G.5 2D Evaluation
Evaluating regions ......................................................... G.54
Rectangular and circular ROIs .................................. G.54
Drawing freehand ROIs............................................. G.57
Evaluating ROIs ...................................................... G.513
Calculating a histogram........................................... G.516
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Viewing
Contents
Measuring distances and angles ................................. G.517

Drawing a distance line, measuring the
distance ................................................................... G.518
Drawing a freehand line, measuring a distance ...... G.522
Calculating a profile ................................................. G.526
Measuring an angle ................................................. G.527
Measuring pixels with the crosshair ......................... G.533
Evaluating pixels, the pixel lens ................................... G.536
Using the pixel lens ................................................. G.538
Setting a shutter ........................................................... G.545
Working with grids ........................................................ G.548
Text in images .............................................................. G.551
Entering comment texts ........................................... G.551
Editing image comments ......................................... G.554
Editing graphics and image text ................................... G.555
G.6 Position Display

Basics ............................................................................ G.62
Defining data and reference images .............................. G.64
Starting calculation ......................................................... G.66
The new position display series ..................................... G.68
Display and labeling of cut lines ..................................... G.69
Display rules .............................................................. G.69
Labeling rules .......................................................... G.610
Examples for calculating the position display .............. G.612
Configuring the position display ................................... G.614
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Contents
Viewing
G.7 Saving and Documenting Images

Saving images ............................................................... G.72
Saving window values ............................................... G.77
Exporting, passing on, or filming images ....................... G.78
Exporting images ...................................................... G.78
Sending data via the network .................................. G.710
Exporting images to the file system ........................ G.712
Filming/printing images ........................................... G.713
Transferring images to 3D ........................................... G.716
Transferring images to Windows applications ............. G.717
Closing images, series, studies, and patients ............. G.718
G.8 Configuring the Viewing Task Card

Displaying evaluation results ......................................... G.82
Closing of series/studies in the Viewing task card ........ G.85
Organ- and user-specific window values ....................... G.87
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
G.1
Introduction
G.1
On the Viewing task card, you can view the results of an examination and evaluate it or prepare it for diagnostics.
G.1
You can also use the Viewing task card to compare image
material of different examinations and, depending of configuration, of different patients.
G.1
Loading and displaying

images
G.1
You can first load the images using the Patient Browser or from
the 3D task card into the Viewing task card. Here you can
select one of various ways of arranging the image material and
displaying it in the clearest way for your diagnostic problem.
G.1
Processing and evaluating

images
G.1
On the Viewing task card, you can then process and evaluate
the images:
G.1
You can change window values, enlarge, pan, rotate, and flip
images.
You can highlight regions of interest (ROIs) using drawing
tools (circles, rectangles, lines), provide them with comment
texts, and evaluate them statistically.
You can display measured values for pixel points or ranges
and measure distances and angles on the images.
Storing, filming and

transferring images
G.1
You can then save the images you have processed and evaluated, you can print them or expose them on film or send them
to other locations in your hospital.
G.1
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Introduction
Viewing
Calling up the Viewing task card

G.1
G.1
As soon as you have loaded images into the Viewing task card,
the task card moves into the foreground. But you can also
switch to other applications at any time and resume image processing on the Viewing task card later.
G.1
If the Viewing task card is currently not in the foreground,

click on the tab on the right-hand edge of the screen to activate the card.
The Viewing task card is divided into four main areas:
G.1
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Introduction
(4)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
Image area
Control area
Status bar for system messages
Menu bar with specific entries for viewing and processing
images
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Introduction
Viewing
The image area
G.1
In the image area, the images that you have loaded into the
Viewing task card are displayed. Depending on the division of
the screen and the number of images loaded, you can only see
some of the images. The remaining images are in the background.
G.1
Layout of the image area
G.1
The image area is subdivided into segments. One image is displayed in each segment.
G.1
Depending on whether you want to see an overview of the
loaded images, or whether you require a display which is suitable for reporting, you can choose between different layouts: G.1
In a small format layout, several images are displayed at
once.
In a large format layout, you can only see a few images on
the screen, but these images are displayed large enough for
you to see details.
Small format layout
Large format layouts
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Image, text and graphic

objects
Introduction
G.1
In the image area, medical images are displayed. These may

also contain text information that is stored in the system about
the patient and the study.
G.1
The images can also be provided with graphics (ROIs, measurements etc.) and text comments as part of processing in the
Viewing task card.
G.1
Medical image without text and

graphic elements
Medical image with study data

displayed
Medical image with text and

graphic elements
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Introduction
Image orientation
Viewing
G.1
On each image, you can see orientation labels displayed at the

edge of the image. They always show you the current image orientation, i.e. after rotation or mirroring, you can see immediately which side of the patient corresponds to which side of the
image.
G.1
The letters have the following meanings:
G.1
L stands for left

R stands for right
A stands for anterior
P stands for posterior
H stands for head
F stands for feet
For images that are not displayed in an anatomical standard

view (e.g. oblique cuts), the orientation labels consist of two
or three letters.
Page H.32, The patient coordinate system
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Introduction
The control area
G.1
In the control area, you will find all the tools you need to select
image material, arrange the screen display and process
images.
G.1
Here you can also control data exchange with other parts of the
program and call up other applications.
G.1
You can call up these functions easily using buttons and work
much faster than via the menu bar.
G.1
Patient information
G.1
In the upper part of the control area, you can see the names of
the patients whose images are currently loaded in the Viewing
task card. Up to three patients (depending on the system configuration) can be loaded into the Viewing task card at one
time.
Here you can select the image data of a patient you want to process next.
G.1
The open patient folder shows you whose images are currently
visible in the image area.
G.1
If you use the option for comparing examination data of different patients, this group folder is labeled with the names of the
loaded patients (e.g. "Meier, Neumann" if the group folder
contains the data of two patients, or "Meier, Neumann..." if it
contains the data of three or more patients).
For longer names only the first part is displayed.
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Introduction
Subtask cards
Viewing
G.1
On the subtask cards, you can see the buttons which you use
to call up the processing tools, define display modes, transfer
image data and switch to other applications.
G.1
The stack of cards in the center of the control area contains the
Tools, Image and View subtask cards.
G.1
The left-hand card of the stack is called Tools and contains
buttons for image evaluation and commenting.
On the center card, Image, you will find buttons for image
processing.
The right-hand card, View, contains buttons for setting the
layout.
On the Patient subtask card in the lower part of the control

area, you will find buttons with which you can film/print
images, for example after processing, or send images to
other work stations for reporting.
Here you can also call up Patient Registration or the Patient
Browser directly.
In the Evaluation subtask you will find the tool buttons for
evaluating your examination data.
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
G.2
Loading and Displaying

Images
G.2
In the Viewing task card, you can view and process examination images that are stored in the local database of your system,
an archive medium or a network node.
G.2
In the Patient Browser window, you have access to this data.
You can search for patients, studies, series or individual images
and load them onto the Viewing task card.
G.2
You can also transfer images and series from the Exam task
card to the Viewing task card immediately after an examination.
G.2
Moreover, you can view and process the images that you have
generated in the 3D task card and transferred to the Viewing
task card.
Page H.133, Transferring images to the Viewing task cardG.2
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G.21
Viewing
Transferring images with the

Patient Browser
G.2
You can search for image data that you have stored in the local
database or in the archive using the Patient Browser and then
load it onto the Viewing task card.
G.2
As soon as you load image material you decide whether you
want to view or evaluate the images or series of one patient, or
whether you want to compare the image material of different
patients. You transfer a patient to a patient folder. If you want to
compare the examination results of different patients you create
a group folder.
G.2
You cannot load raw data, patients with unreconstructed raw

data and reports into the Viewing task card. You will first have
to reconstruct images from these raw data on a suitable postprocessing (e.g. spectroscopy).
With realtime scans and scans with concatenations, you
might find that some images have already been reconstructed and displayed in the Patient Browser before the protocol has finished running. It is not yet possible to load these
images onto the Viewing task card. That will only be possible
after completion of scanning.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Creating a patient folder
G.2
If you want to view and evaluate the images of a patient, transfer

them to the patient folder on the Viewing task card.
G.2
Place the Viewing task card into the foreground by clicking

on the tab.
The task card is still empty at this point.
G.2
Call up the Patient Browser (Patient > Browser...).

Search for the required patient(s), study(s), series or one or
more images in the navigation or content area.
Double-click on the entry or entries that you were looking for
and they will be loaded into the Viewing task card.
Or
G.2
G.2
Select the entries and call up Patient > Load to Viewing, or

click on the Load to Viewing button on the toolbar.
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G.23
Viewing
Or
G.2
Drag your selection onto the Viewing task card with the
mouse (drag & drop).
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Before you load the image data of a patient with drag & drop,
you must first open a new (empty) patient folder. The images
of any patient folder already open are otherwise removed
from the Viewing card if this folder is not in Multi View Mode.
If you drag & drop images into a folder (Multi View Mode) they
are added to the existing ones.
Page G.210, Load the folder
images from the Patient Browser onto the corresponding
tab. The task card moves into the foreground and the images
are loaded into the image area.
Close after loading
G.2
The Patient Browser will be closed if the Closed after Loading option has been selected.
Page D.36, Closed after Loading
G.2
The Patient Browser remains open when you load images
by drag & drop.
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Stopping loading
G.2
Loading a large series with many images can take a long time.
You can then see a progress indicator showing you how far the
loading progress has progressed.
G.2
You can stop loading.

G.2
Viewing
G.2
Click on the Cancel button.

Images that have already been loaded will be displayed in the
Viewing application card.
The images of the new patient are displayed in the Viewing
task card grouped by examinations and series.
G.2
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Loading multiframe
images
G.2
When you load multiframe images each multiframe is treated as

a series. If you load a series consisting of several multiframe
images and normal images, each multiframe image and each
normal image will be loaded as a separate series.
G.2
Loading color images
G.2
You can also load color images into the Viewing task card (True
Color and Pseudo Color). If the images cannot be displayed,
you obtain an error message.
G.2
Please contact your system administrator.
Loading images of another

patient (configuration
dependent)
G.2
Before you start evaluating the first loaded images, you can first
transfer all the examinations and patients that you want to view
and edit in a single session into the Viewing task card.
G.2
Click on a closed patient folder in the upper control area of
the Viewing task card to open it.
Select the images of another patient from the Patient
Browser and pull them onto the Viewing task card
(drag & drop).
The new images are transferred to the opened folder. The
patient name appears next to the open folder.
G.2
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No more than three

patients in the Viewing
task card
G.2
Viewing
In the Viewing task card, you can manage up to three patients

(configurable). If you load a fourth patient, the folder of the
patient you opened first will be closed again. If you want to process the images of this patient again, you need to reload the
images.
G.2
The two other patients remain in the Viewing task card, but
their images will not be displayed. In the image area, you will be
able to see the images of the patient you have just loaded.
G.2
Last
session:
Patient D
Patient A
10:05
Patient B
10:20
Patient C
10:50
Load
patient D
Patient B
Patient C
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Loading additional images/

series
G.2
You can add more images, series, and examinations of the

same patient to a patient folder at any time.
G.2
In the Viewing task card, open the patient folder in which you
want to load additional image material.
Open the Patient Browser and select additional image
material of the patient already loaded.
G.2
Transfer those images with a double-click or with Patient >

Load to Viewing, or click on the Load to Viewing button in
the toolbar or load them by drag & drop.
The images are distributed to the patient folders in question by
the program and appended to the image material contained in
them (studies to studies, series to series and images to
images).
G.2
Images of series or studies that are already in the Viewing
card are not loaded a second time. Instead, you receive the
message: Already loaded images skipped.
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Viewing
Creating a group folder
G.2
If you want to compare the results of different patients in the

Viewing task card, first create a group folder.
G.2
The name of this group folder consists of the name of the
patient contained in it (Meier, Neumann, ...).
G.2
Load the folder
G.2

There, select all the patients, examinations, and series that
you want to compare in the Viewing task card.
Transfer that data by drag & drop to the Viewing card.
Or
G.2
G.2
Transfer those images by double-click, or with Patient >

Load to Viewing, or click on the Load to Viewing button in
the toolbar.
The program automatically creates a group folder and switches
to multi view mode so that different studies can be compared.G.2
You can also load several patient data into an existing patient
folder.
G.2
Switch the folder to Multi View mode.
Load additional patient data by drag & drop.
These patient data are added to the existing data and the existG.2
ing folder now turns into a group folder.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Loading images automatically
G.2
On the Exam task card you can specify that the images are to
be automatically loaded into the Viewing task card after scanning and reconstruction.
G.2
To do that, click on the option Load images to Viewer on the
Auto load card in dialog box Protocol step properties.
Page F.1211, Loading images into the Viewing card
G.2
NOTE
When you select the option Load images to Viewer, the
images that you have just scanned are not automatically
displayed in the Viewer. Instead, you will see the previous
series in the patient folder that is currently open.
G.2
Scroll to the next series to view the images that you have
just scanned.
Page G.312, Scrolling from series to series
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G.211
Viewing
Displaying images and series
G.2
After you have loaded images into the Viewing task card, you
can choose between different views.
G.2
In this way, you can arrange the display of the image material in
the way which is most helpful for your diagnostic problem.
G.2
Order of loaded images
G.2
The order of the loaded images depends on whether you have

loaded the images via the Patient Browser or automatically
G.2
The order of the images loaded via the Patient Browser is
determined by the sorting criterion.
The order of the images loaded automatically from the Exam
task card is determined by the order of image reconstruction.
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Viewing
Changing the sequence of

images on the Viewing
task card
G.2
You can change the sequence of the images.
G.2
Select Patient > Close Patient.

The images of the patient are removed from the Viewing subG.2
task card.
Change the sorting of the images in the Patient Browser.
Load the images onto the Viewing task card again.
The images are displayed in a new sort order.
Page O.323, Changing the sequence of images on the Filming task card
G.2
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Viewing
Normal mode or study comparison mode
G.2
If you have loaded several examinations of a patient in the

Viewing task card, the images of those studies and series are
first displayed one after the other, starting with the images of the
first loaded study. If you want to view the images of further
examinations, you must page to them.
G.2
If you want to compare the results of the various examinations
you have loaded directly, you can switch from normal view
mode to study comparison mode.
G.2
G.2
Call up View > Multi View to activate study comparison

mode.
In this view, the screen is subdivided into areas in which the
results of different examinations are displayed one below the
other.
G.2
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Image area
Background
S1A1 S1A2 S1A3 S1A4
S3B2 S3B3 S3C1 S3C2
S1A5 S1B1 S1B2 S2A1
S4A1 S4A2 S4A3 S4B1
S2A2 S2B1 S2B2 S2B3
S4B2 S4B3 S4B4 S4C1
S3A1 S3A2 S3A3 S3B1
S4C2 S4C3 S4C4 S4C5
View > Multi View
Study 1
S1A1 S1A2 S1A3 S1A4
S1A4 S1B1 S1B2
Study 2
S2A1 S2A2 S2B1 S2B2
S2B3
Study 3
S3A1 S3A2 S3A3 S3B1
S3B2 S3B3 S3C1 S3C2
Study 4
S4A1 S4A2 S4A3 S4B1
S4B2 S4B3 S4B4 S4C1
...
Deselect the option View > Multi View, or click on the button
again to return to normal mode.
If you created a group folder when you loaded your images,
i.e. loaded the examinations of several patients in a folder,
study comparison mode is already activated. In that case, you
cannot switch to normal mode.
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Viewing
Image-stripe display or stack display
G.2
Medical images are always displayed in the image area of the

Viewing task card grouped by studies or series.
G.2
Depending on whether you want to view or evaluate individual
images of a series or whether you want to compare series with
each other, you can select either image-stripe display or stack
display.
G.2
You can switch from one view to another.
G.2
NOTE
The stack can be displayed in formats
1:1, 2:1, 4:1, 9:1, and 16:1.
Image-stripe display
G.2
G.2
Select image-stripe display to view the loaded series of a study

one after the other image by image.
G.2
Call up View > Stripe to activate this display mode.
Or
G.2
G.2
Click on the Stripe button on the View subtask card.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
G.2
A1
In normal mode (View; Multiview not selected) you can now

see the images of the first loaded series displayed in the image
area from top left to bottom right.
G.2
A4
If more than one series of a patient is loaded, you can see the
first images of series A. To view the images of the other series,
you must first scroll to them.
G.2
Image area
Background
A1
A2
A5
A6
B3
C1
C4
A3
A4
B1
B2
C2
C3
C6
C5
In study comparison mode (Multi View) you see the images

of the examination first loaded in the first row, starting with the
first image of the first series. In the second row, you see the
images of the second examination etc.
G.2
All the images and series of an examination that can no longer
be displayed from left to right in the image area, are placed in
the background. To display those images, you must page to
them.
G.2
Image area
Background
Study 1
S1A1 S1A2
S1A3 S1A4
S1B1 S1B2
S1B3 S1B4
Study 2
S2A1 S2A2
S2A3 S2B1
S2B2 S2B3
S2B4
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Stack display
G.2
Viewing
If you want to compare the images of various series of one

study, you best select stack display.
G.2
Call up View > Stack to activate this display mode.
Or
G.2
G.2
G.2
Click on the Stack button on the View subtask card.
All images of a series are now stored in a stack one on top of

the other. You can see the first image of each series.
G.2
If more than one series of a patient is loaded in normal mode,
the images of these series are arranged in stacks from top left
to bottom right. Each stack has dog ears for scrolling.
G.2
Click on the top or bottom (inner or outer triangle) of a dog
ear to display the previous or next image of the stack.
This way you can compare any image of one series with any
image of another loaded series.
G.2
The color of the dog ears tells you if you are at the beginning,
inside, or at the end of the series:
G.2
(1) Beginning - both corners are dark gray

(2) Inside - the lower corner is light gray
(3) End - both corners are light gray
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Viewing
G.2
Image area
Image area
A1
B1
Scrolling through
series B and C
C1
A1
B3
C6
View when first called up
Possible display for comparison purposes
In study comparison mode (Multi View), the loaded series of

the various examinations are also stored in stacks. Here again,
you can scroll through the series with the dog ears and compare different images with each other.
G.2
Study 1
Scroll through examination 1,

S1A1 S1B1 series B
S1A1 S1B3
Study 2
S2A1
Scroll through examination 2,

S2A4
series A
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Viewing
Division of the image area
G.2
With the division of the image area, you define the number and
size of the segments in the image area.
G.2
Switch to a large format display with just a few images on the
screen if you want to see diagnostic details. Select a small format display to obtain an overview.
G.2
G.2
Select a layout in the View menu.

The current layout is now marked with a checkmark.
G.2
Or
G.2
Select a layout with the buttons on the View subtask card.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
When you select a new layout, the division of the image area is
changed, but the sequence of the images displayed remains
the same.
G.2
If you selected images before you selected a new layout, you
will see the loaded images in the new view starting with the first
selected image.
G.2
In study comparison mode different layouts are used.The
non-comparison layouts are dimmed.
Layout change for
image-stripe display
G.2
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
B1
B2
B3
A1
A2
A3
A4
Layout change in normal mode without explicitly selected image

(with input focus)
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
B1
B2
B3
A3
A4
A5
A6
Layout change in normal mode with explicitly selected image

Last selection A3 (no input focus)
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Study 1
Viewing
S1A1 S1A2 S1A3
Study 2
S2A1 S2A2 S2A3
Study 3
S3A1 S3A2 S3B1
Study 1
S1A2
S1A3
Study 2
S2A1
S2A2
Study 1
S1A3
S1A4
Study 2
S2A2
S2A3
Layout change in study comparison mode without explicitly selected image

(with input focus)
Study 1
S1A1 S1A2 S1A3
Study 2
S2A1 S2A2 S2A3
Study 3
S3A1 S3A2 S3B1
Layout change in study comparison mode after explicit selection of images

(without input focus)
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Layout change for stack

display
G.2
A1
B1
C1
D1
A1 B1
C1 D1
E1
G1
F1
Layout change in normal mode without explicitly selected image
C1 D1
A1
B1
C1
D1
E1
F1
G1
Layout change in normal mode with explicitly selected image (no input focus)
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Study 1
Study 2
S1A1
S2A1
S1B1
S2B1
Viewing
Study 1
S1A1 S1B1S1C1S1D1
Study 2
S2A1 S2B1 S2C1
Study 3
S3A1 S3B1 S3C1 S3D1
Study 4
S4A1 S4B1
Layout change in study comparison mode with input focus
Study 1
Study 2
S1A1
S2A1
S1B1
S2B1
Study 1
S1A1 S1B1S1C1 S1D1
Study 2
S2B1 S2C1 S2D1
Study 3
S3A1 S3B1 S3C1S3D1
Study 4
S4A1 S4B1
Layout change in study comparison mode with explicitly selected series
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Viewing
Showing and hiding image text
G.2
Patient and study-specific information and image settings can

also be displayed on the images making it easier to identify
each image. The image text can also be filmed/printed so that
the information can be used for documentation.
G.2
Text blocks
G.2
The information displayed is arranged in blocks around the

edge of the image according to its content.
G.2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(4)
(6)
(5)
(1) Patient data and zoom factor

(2) Orientation labels
Page G.16, Image orientation
(3) Hospital/system information
(4) Acquisition-specific settings such as gantry tilt
(5) Image comment
(6) Window values and (for 3D images) orientation cube
(7) Scale bar (CT, MR images only)
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Hiding image text
G.2
Viewing
Especially with a small division layout, the images can become

cluttered by image text. You can then decide whether you want
to have the image text shown in the image or not.
G.2
You can only hide the orientation labels together with the
patient's name.
Call up View > All Text in the main menu if you want to display all image texts.
Or
G.2
Select View > No Text to hide all image texts, the scale bar
and the orientation marks.
Or
G.2
Call up View > Customized Text if you only want to display

the most important image information.
Using the Image Text Editor on the configuration platform you
can select which text information is to be displayed with the
Customized text option.
G.2
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Viewing
The scale bar
G.2
A scale bar is displayed along the right-hand edge of each segment indicating the scale of the image in cm.
G.2
The size of the scale bar changes to match the current zoom
settings.
G.2
If the scale bar would cover image text, it is not shown.
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
G.3
Scrolling and Selecting

Images
G.3
You will usually have loaded more images and series of a

patient onto the Viewing task card than can be displayed in the
image area at once. All the images that cannot be displayed
due to lack of space are placed in the background.
G.3
You can scroll through the loaded images of a patient to obtain
an overview and to select images that you then want to process
and evaluate.
G.3
The Viewing task card provides you not only with an option for
manual scrolling, but also with an automatic, fast scrolling function. This gives you the impression of a movie being played
back. The Movie function provides special advantages for viewing dynamic series, because processes which change over
time can be displayed especially clearly this way.
G.3
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Viewing
Scrolling
G.3
The Viewing task card provides you with several alternative

ways of scrolling through the loaded images of different
patients, studies, or series:
G.3
(1) Scroll menu
(2) Scroll bar on the right-hand or left-hand side of the image
area (depending on the configuration)
(3) Dog ears in the top right-hand corner of the images
(if you are in stack display)
(4) Keyboard and symbol keypad
Depending on the processing step and the working methods
you are accustomed to, you can select any of the above ways
of scrolling.
G.3
G.3
NOTE
If a dialog box in the Viewing task card is open and active,
the keys of the symbol keypad might not function.
G.3
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Operator Manual
Viewing
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Scrolling image by image
Viewing
G.3
Within a study, you can scroll through the loaded images and
series image by image.
G.3
The order of the loaded images depends on whether you have
loaded the images via the Patient Browser or automatically
from the Exam card:
G.3
The order of the images loaded via the Patient Browser is
determined by the sorting criterion.
The order of the images loaded automatically from the examination card is determined by the order of image reconstruction.

in image stripe display
G.3
Call up Scroll > Image Next or Scroll > Image Previous to

scroll forward or backward by one image.
Or
G.3
Scroll with the Image+ key (Num 2) or the Image- key (Num
1) on the symbol keypad.
Explicitly selected images remain selected even if the images
are moved into the background.
If you execute Image+, the image in the top left segment is
moved into the background. All the following images are moved
on by one segment. One image from the background moves
into the bottom right segment. If there is no image in the background, the segment remains empty.
G.3
Image- reverses this process, moving an image from the background into the top left segment.
G.3
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Operator Manual
Viewing

in a stack
G.3
If you have selected stack display, you can scroll through a

stack using all of the above methods or using the dog ears in
the corner of each stack.
G.3
Click on the stack through which you want to scroll with the
mouse.
Scroll from image to image in a stack with Image+ or Imagejust like in image stripe display.
Or
G.3
Click on the top or bottom of the dog ear to scroll forward or

backward by one image.
Image+
Image-
If you want to scroll through an image stack quickly, then click

on the dog ear and hold the mouse button pressed.
Explicitly selected images remain selected.
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Scrolling through several

stacks image by image
G.3
Viewing
If you want to compare the images of different series, you can

scroll through more than one stack simultaneously image by
image.
G.3
Press the Ctrl key and click on the stacks that you want to
scroll through. If you click on a stack again, you deselect it.
With the Scroll menu, the buttons or the symbol keypad
scroll forward (Image+) or backward (Image-) through the
selected stacks by one image at a time.
If you have not selected a stack, you only scroll through the
stack which is in the input focus.
The dog ears only allow you to scroll through one stack at a
time.
A1
C1
B1
Image+
A2
B1
C2
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Scrolling page by page
G.3
A page describes the contents of the image area at a time. It

can contain different numbers of segments depending on the
layout selected and it may contain only images of one series or
images of more than one series depending on the display
mode.
G.3
You can use the menu, keyboard, or scroll bar to page through
the series of a study.
G.3
Scrolling with the menu
G.3
Select Scroll > Page Down to scroll forward by one page.

Select Scroll > Page Up to scroll back by one page.
Select Scroll > Last Page to jump to the last page of the
current patient folder.
Select Scroll > First Page to jump back to the first page of
the current patient folder.
The first image of the series is displayed in the top left segment
of the image area.
G.3
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Scrolling with the

keyboard
G.3
Viewing
As an alternative to the menu commands, you can also scroll

using the keyboard.
G.3
Press the Page Down key to scroll forward by one page.
Press the Page Up key to scroll back by one page.
Press the End key to display the last page of the study.
Press the Home key to jump to the first page of the study.
The image area is filled with images. The first image of the
series is displayed in the top left-hand corner of the image
area.
Page-by-page scrolling
with the image stripe
display
G.3
In page-by-page scrolling, only the entire content of the image

area is moved into the background. For example, for a 4x4 layout, four images are moved into the background at once and
four images with higher image numbers moved from the background into the image area.
G.3
When you reach the last page of a series, you receive the
message At Last Page. The images of the last page remain
displayed so that you do not have an empty image area.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Scrolling in the stack

display
G.3
In image stacks, the topmost images of all series displayed

(image stacks) are moved into the background. You can then
see the images of the series which follow in the image stacks
displayed in the image area.
G.3
If you scroll back by one page, the preceding images in the
image stacks are displayed again.
G.3
The last page of the stack is the last image to be displayed
in the largest series. If the other loaded series contain fewer
images, the relevant segments remain empty.
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Scrolling with the

scroll bar
G.3
Viewing
The third way of scrolling through the images and series of a

study is to use the scroll bar.
G.3
(1) Scroll arrow for first page

Page G.37, Scrolling page by page
(2) Scroll arrow for previous page
(3) Slider
(4) Scroll arrow for next page
(5) Scroll arrow for last page
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Click on the scroll arrow for the first or last page to jump to
the beginning or end of the loaded series.
Click on the scroll arrow for the next or previous row or page.
A1
A2
A3
A4
A3
A4
A5
A6
In image-stripe display, the view is shifted forward or backward

by one row.
G.3
A1
C1
B1
A2
B2
C2
In stack display, the next or previous page is displayed.

G.3
Drag the slider up or down with the mouse until the page you
require is displayed (the page number is also displayed).
If you click the scroll bar above or below the slider, you scroll
backward or forward by one page.
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Scrolling from series to series
Viewing
G.3
You cannot only scroll image by image or page by page, but

also by entire series if you have loaded more than one series of
a study into the Viewing task card.
G.3
Call up Scroll > Series Next or Scroll > Series Previous in

the main menu to scroll forward or backward by one series.
Or
G.3
G.3
Press the Series- key (Num 4) or the Series+ key (Num 5)

on the symbol keypad to scroll to the next or previous or
series.
Which images are subsequently displayed in the image area
depends on the display you select (normal mode or study
mode, image stripe or stack display).
G.3
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Normal mode
G.3
In image stripe display, the entire series of which one image

fills the top left segment of the image display is moved into the
background. The first image of the following series is then displayed in the top left segment and the image area is filled with
images of the series.
G.3
In stack display, the image stack of the series that fills the top
left segment is moved into the background. The image stack of
the following series moves up by one segment to fill the space.
If there are image stacks in the background with higher series
numbers, the first image stack in the background is moved into
the bottom right segment.
G.3
Study comparison mode

(Multi View)
G.3
In study comparison mode, too, you can only scroll forwards/

backwards by a series within an examination with Series+/
Series-.
G.3
With image stripe display you scroll within the examination in
which images are explicitly displayed with Series+. I.e. the
series of which an image fills the left segment is placed in the
background. The first image of the next series then replaces it.
The segments of the examination series are filled with the
images of the next series.
G.3
With stack display, the image stack of a series in the row of an
examination is moved to the left into the background with
Series+. A further series from the background replaces it from
the right.
G.3
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Scrolling from study to study
Viewing
G.3
As many of the images of the loaded examinations and series

as there are space for in a single screen are displayed in the
image area of the Viewing task card.
G.3
As soon as you load the images, the images of the first examination are displayed starting top left.
G.3
Call up Scroll > Study Next or Scroll > Study Previous in

the main menu to display the series and images of the next
or previous study.
Or
G.3
G.3
Scroll to another study with the Study+ key (Num 8) or the

Study- key (Num 7) on the symbol keypad.
The images of the first examination are placed in the background.
G.3
The image area display is different depending on whether you
selected normal mode or study comparison mode view. G.3
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Normal mode
G.3
S1A1 S1A2 S1A3
S2A3 S2A3 S2B1
S1A4 S1A5 S1A6
S2B2 S2B3 S2B4
S1B1 S2A1 S2A2
S3A1 S3A2 S3A3
Study +
S1A1
S2A1 S2A2 S2A3
S1A2 S1A3 S1A4
S2A4 S2B1 S2B2
S1A5 S1A6 S1B1
S2B3 S2B4 S3A1
S1 A1 = Series A1 of Study 1
and so on
S2A2 S3A3
G.3
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Study comparison mode
Viewing
G.3
Study 1
S1A1 S1A2 S1A3
S1B1 S1B2 S1B3
...
Study 2
S2A1 S2A2 S2A3
S2A4 S2B1 S2B2
...
Study 3
S3A1 S3A2 S3A3

Study +
Study 1
S1A1 S1A2 S1A3
S1B1 S1B2 S1B3
...
Study 2
S2A1 S2A2 S2A3
S2A4 S2B1 S2B2
...
Study 3
S3A1 S3A2 S3A3
and so on
G.3
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Scrolling to the next patient
G.3
Up to three patients can be loaded in the Viewing task card at

one time. You can see whose images are currently being displayed in the image area by the opened patient folder in the
patient field of the control area.
G.3
Switch to the patient you require by clicking on his or her

patient folder.
Patient-
Patient+
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Viewing
Animated images (Movie)
G.3
It is usually easier to recognize anomalies in processes

(dynamic series) if you view the images in quick succession like
a movie.
G.3
The Movie option allows you to scroll through the images of a
series or a whole study automatically and quickly.
G.3
N OT E
While running a movie it is not advisable to activate any
correct and rearrange actions.
G.3
G.3
N OT E
syngo MR is not a real-time based system. It can therefore
not be ensured that the movie runs at real-time conditions.
There may be delays resulting from processes running
simultaneously in the background.
G.3
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Selecting a layout and

display mode
G.3
Select the stack display (View > Stack) if you want to view
only one series as a movie.
Or
G.3
Select the image stripe display (View > Stripe) if you want to
view all the series of a study one after the other as a movie.
After that, select a sufficiently large layout to be able to see
all the details.
We recommend:
G.3
1:1
The movie takes up the whole screen.
4:1
You can compare the movie with up to 3 still images.
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Viewing
Playing back the movie interactively
G.3
Because the left mouse button is normally used to select

images and graphics, you must switch over its function to Movie
to be able to play back images interactively.
G.3
Call up Scroll > Interactive Movie On.

The mouse cursor changes shape.
Playing back the movie

with the mouse
The movie segments must be selected before you start.

G.3
G.3
Place the mouse cursor on the image with which you want to
begin.
Hold the left mouse button down and move the mouse up to
playback the movie forward.
Or
G.3
Hold the left mouse button down and move the mouse down
to playback the movie backward.
Forward
Backward
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Operator Manual
Viewing
When the movie reaches the last image of the series or study,
it jumps back to the first image of the series or study and
starts again (Loop).
Interrupting a movie
G.3
You can interrupt the movie at any time, for example to take a
better look at an image.
G.3
Just release the left mouse button.
The current image is displayed in the movie segment with all its
text information, drawing elements and evaluations.
G.3
In image stripe display, the images before and after the current
image are displayed in the remaining segments.
G.3
Resuming a movie
G.3
Ending a movie
G.3
Click on the image area again, hold the left mouse button
down, and drag the mouse vertical over the image area to
continue playback of the movie.
Release the left mouse button to interrupt the movie.

Call up Scroll > Interactive Movie On again to terminate
Movie mode and switch the function of the left mouse button
back to selection mode.
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Viewing
Playing back the movie automatically
G.3
As an alternative to interactive playback of the movie using the

mouse you can also run the movie automatically. This is recommended, for example, for examinations or series with a large
number of images or if you want to ensure an even playback
speed (e.g. for heart series).
G.3
In this mode, you can change a number of settings for movie
playback.
G.3
For performance reasons some evaluation results of an

image series of ROIs in the Automatic Movie mode are displayed as "???". In order to obtain the correct values in the
Automatic Movie mode, stop the movie and scroll forwards
and backwards step by step. Restart movie playback.
Page G.326, Stopping the movie, scrolling forwards/backwards step by step
How to define and evaluate ROIs see,
Page G.513, Evaluating ROIs
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Starting a movie
G.3
G.3
Call up Scroll > Automatic Movie On or click on the button

Automatic Movie on the View subtask card.
Depending on the default settings, movie playback starts immediately or the dialog box Movie Properties... is displayed. Here,
you can change a number of settings for movie playback and
then control movie playback.
G.3
Finally click on this button in the Movie Properties window
to play back the movie forwards.
Changing settings for

movie playback
G.3
While a movie is being played back click into the playback

segment with the right mouse button to call up a popup
menu.
Select Movie Backward or Movie Forward to change the
playback direction.
Or
G.3
Select Scroll > Movie Properties to open the dialog box

Movie Properties. Press the forward/backward button or
move slider to adapt speed.
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Viewing
In the dialog box Movie Properties you can:
G.3
Change the playback speed and direction

Stop the movie and restart it
Exclude initial and final images of little interest
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Playback speed and

direction
Select a speed from the list.

G.3
G.3
Or
G.3
Enter a playback speed via the spin box in the field Frame
Rate.
Or
G.3
G.3
Select a playback speed and direction using the slider:
To the extreme right - fast forward

Center right - slowly forward
Center position - still frame
Center left - slowly backward
To the extreme left - fast backward
Or
G.3
G.3
Change the playback direction by clicking on the forward/

backward buttons.
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G.3
Viewing
Click on the option Yoyo.

As soon as the movie has reached the last frame, it starts again
backward to the first image, and from there again forward to the
last image etc.
G.3
Or
G.3
G.3
Deselect the option Yoyo to play back the movie in a loop.

When the movie reaches the last image it starts again from the
first image (loop).
G.3
Stopping the movie,

scrolling forwards/
backwards step by step
G.3
G.3
Click on the button Stop to stop the movie.

Scroll with the scrollbar or the dog-ears manually through the
stack.
Excluding initial/final
images
G.3
G.3
In the spin boxes From and To, specify which images are to
be included in the movie playback. In this way you can
exclude initial and final images of little interest.
You cannot change this setting while a movie is running.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Always display the dialog

box
G.3
G.3
Select Pop up this dialog... to display the dialog box Movie

Properties every time you call up Automatic Movie.
You then always control the movie from this window.
G.3
Closing automatic movie

playback
G.3
You can stop a running movie at any time automatically. This

also closes Automatic Movie mode, but you can start it up
again at any time without problem.
G.3
Press the Esc key on the keyboard or click into the playback
segment with the left mouse button (a single click) to terminate Automatic Movie.
Or
G.3
Deselect Scroll > Automatic Movie On in the main menu or

click on the button again.
Or
G.3
G.3
G.3
Stop movie playback in the dialog box Movie Properties and

close the dialog box with the Close button.
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Viewing
Playback of multiple movies
G.3
If you are working in study comparison mode you can play back
all loaded examinations and series simultaneously as movies
with Automatic Movie.
G.3
You can synchronize playback of these movies.
G.3
Call up Scroll > Link > Acquisition Time.

You now see images sorted by the same time order in all movie
segments.
G.3
Or
G.3
Call up Scroll > Link > Slice Position.

You now see images of the same slice position in all movie segments.
G.3
Or
G.3
Call up Scroll > Link > Current Order to play back the movies synchronized in the sequence in which they appear in the
series.
The playback direction set for synchronization is decisive
even if only one film is played back. If you sorted the images
in decreasing chronological order and play them back with
Current Order, the film seems to play back backwards.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Select the movie segments explicitly before you start.

G.3
Multiple study image

stripe
G.3
AS11 AS12
AS21 AS22
One segment is selected.
The movie contains all the images that belong to study S1.
G.3
AS11 AS12
AS21 AS22
Two segments are selected.
The movie contains all the images that belong to study S1 and
S2.
G.3
Multiple study compare

image stripe
G.3
AS11 AS12
BS21 BS22
One segment is selected.
The movie contains all the images that belong to study S1.
G.3
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Viewing
G.3
AS11 AS12
BS21 BS22
Two segments are selected, one movie for each segment. Each
movie contains all the images of that study.
G.3
Multiple study series

stack
G.3
S11
S12
One stack is selected, one movie through series 1.

G.3
S11
S21
Two stacks are selected, in each case one movie in the selected
segment.
G.3
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Multiple study compare

series stack
G.3
S11
S21
S31
S41
One stack is selected, one movie through series 1.

G.3
S11
S21
S31
S41
Two stacks are selected, in each case one movie for each
selected stack.
G.3
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Viewing
Selecting images
G.3
On the Viewing task card, you can not only view images, but
also process and evaluate them.
G.3
You must first select the images that you want to process.
G.3
Ways of selecting images
G.3
You can select images in one of two ways:
G.3
Explicitly holding the Ctrl key down (explicitly selected

images are shown with a continuous border).
Implicitly by working in the input focus.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Working in the input focus
G.3
The input focus shows the active segment of the image area. It
is marked by a broken line border, i.e. it is selected implicitly. G.3
The processing steps that you execute are always applied to

the image shown in the segment on which the input focus is
located.
G.3
Only when you have selected images explicitly is the input focus
switched off and no segment has a broken line border.
G.3
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Default input focus
Placing the input focus

with the mouse
G.3
Viewing
When you load images onto the Viewing task card, the input
focus is in the default position in the top left segment of the
image area.
G.3
A1
A2
A3
A4
G.3
G.3
Click with the left mouse button into the segment of the
image area on which you want to place the input focus.
An explicitly selected image or an explicitly selected graphic is

deselected if you place the input focus on a segment even if you
only click on the same segment.
G.3
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Examples:
Changing the input focus

using the keyboard
G.3
G.3
You can also move the input focus using the keyboard.
Use the arrow keys.
G.3
Press the arrow key left or right to move the input focus to
the next column of the image area.
Or
G.3
Press the arrow key up or down to move the input focus to

the next row of the image area.
If an image or a graphic is selected explicitly, the arrow keys
are not active.
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Processing an image
G.3
Viewing
As long as you have not selected any images explicitly, your

processing steps are applied to the image in the segment on
which the input focus is located, the image with the broken line
border.
G.3
Place the input focus on the image that you want to process.
No input focus in the

image area
Selected image in
the background
G.3
If you cannot see an input focus in the image area, one or more
images are explicitly selected in the background.
G.3
A1
A2
A5
A3
A4
B1
A6
B2
No input focus in
the image area
Your processing steps are then only applied to the explicitly

selected images unless you set the input focus.
G.3
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Selecting images explicitly
G.3
Selecting images explicitly means that you select images or

series specifically and one after the other. Unlike the input
focus, the explicit selection is associated with the content of the
segment. Explicitly selected images remain selected even if you
move them into the background.
G.3
All explicitly selected images have a continuous line border.
Image is not selected
G.3
Image is selected explicitly
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Selecting images
individually
G.3
Viewing
You can explicitly select an image or more than one image one
after the other.
G.3
Press the Ctrl key and click on an image with the left mouse
button to select it explicitly.
Hold the Ctrl key down and click on further images if you
want to extend your selection.
Selecting images explicitly

up to the end of series
G.3
You want to explicitly select the image displayed and all the following images of the series.
G.3
Click on the image that you want to select explicitly holding

the Ctrl key down or set the input focus by clicking on the
image.
Call up Edit > Select On Succeeding in the main menu or
Select On Succeeding in the context menu.
The selected image and all the following images are now
selected.
G.3
If you have explicitly selected images of different series, the
remaining images of these series are selected starting with
those images.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Explicitly selecting
complete series
G.3
The easiest way for you to select complete series (i.e. all
images contained in them) is with Select Series.
G.3
First select an image of the required series explicitly by clicking on it holding the Ctrl key down or place the input focus on
the image by clicking on it.
Call up Edit > Select Series from the main menu or Select
Series from the popup menu (right mouse button).
The whole series is now selected explicitly.
G.3
Selecting more than one

series explicitly
G.3
If you want to select more than one complete series, first select
an image from each series and then extend your selection to
the complete series.
G.3
G.3
Hold the Ctrl key down and click on individual images of the
required series.
Call up Edit > Select Series in the main menu or select
Select Series in the popup menu.
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Explicitly selecting
complete studies
G.3
Viewing
The easiest way for you to select complete studies (i.e. all
images contained in them) is with Select Study.
G.3
First select an image of the required Study explicitly by clicking on it holding the Ctrl key down or place the input focus on
Call up Edit > Select > Study from the main menu.
The whole study is now selected explicitly.
G.3
Explicitly selecting a
patient
G.3
Select a patient (i.e. all images contained in it) with Select

Patient.
G.3
First select an image of the required patient explicitly by clicking on it holding the Ctrl key down or place the input focus on
Call up Edit > Select > Patient from the main menu.
The whole patient is now selected explicitly.
G.3
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Marking images and

selecting marked images
explicitly
G.3
If you have loaded a large number of images into the Viewing

card, you might find it helpful to first page through all the images
to look at them in more detail before deciding which are relevant
to the next processing steps.
G.3
Mark an image that you want to include in your processing.
Then scroll on and mark all the other relevant images one after
the other.
G.3
G.3
Press the Ctrl key and click on the image that you want to
mark to select it.
Then call up Edit > Mark in the main menu or Mark in the
popup menu (right mouse button).
Or
G.3
G.3
Press the Mark key (Num 3) on the symbol keypad.
Call up Edit > Unmark in the main menu or Unmark in the

popup menu to undo marking of a selected image.
Or
G.3
Click on the icon button or press the Mark/Unmark key on

the symbol keypad again.
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Viewing
Once you have viewed all loaded images one after the other,
select all marked (or all unmarked) images at once.
G.3
Call up Edit > Select > Marked to select all marked images/
series explicitly.
Or
G.3
Call up Edit > Select > Unmarked, or click on the button to

select all unmarked images/series at once.
Now you can edit all explicitly selected images or remove them
from the Viewing task card.
Chapter G.4, Processing Images
Page G.718, Closing selected images or series
G.3
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Deselecting images
G.3
If the explicit selection of images does not contain the set of

images you require, you can deselect individual images or all
images.
G.3
Place the input focus on an unselected segment manually
using the mouse by clicking on it.
Or
G.3
Call up Edit > Deselect All in the main menu or Deselect All
in the popup menu to deselect all selected images.
After that, the standard input focus is set automatically, i.e.
the top left segment is active.
Or
G.3
G.3
Hold the Ctrl key pressed and click on an explicitly selected

image again (individual image deselection).
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Viewing
Direct image processing
G.3
Direct image processing (implicit selection) with the mouse is

automatically applied to the image segment on which the
mouse cursor is located.
G.3
Setting the input focus
G.3
If no images are explicitly selected, you can see the input focus
in the image area. The input focus is placed on the segment on
which you position the mouse cursor and perform image processing implicitly.
G.3
Place the mouse cursor on an image which is not selected
and process the image, for example, by zooming.
A1
A2
A3
A4
Windowing an image
with the mouse
A1
A2
A3
A4
If graphics were previously explicitly selected in the input

focus, they remain explicitly selected.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Images are explicitly

selected
G.3
If images are explicitly selected, only that image is processed

on which the mouse cursor is positioned, if it is not explicitly
selected together with other images.
G.3
Example:
The images A1 and A4 are selected explicitly. The position of
the mouse cursor defines the selection.
G.3
A1
A2
A1
A2
A3
A4
A3
A4
Only image A2 is processed

(implicit selection)
Images A1 and A4 are processed

(explicit selection)
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Viewing
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
G.4
Processing Images
G.4
As soon as you have loaded all the series and/or images that
you want to view and process into the Viewing task card, you
can change the display parameters of individual images. In this
way, you can emphasize areas and image contents for subsequent evaluation or reporting especially clearly.
G.4
You can adapt the window values of the loaded images. The
images can be zoomed or ROIs can be drawn on them. You can
also rotate, flip or invert images for certain diagnostic problems.
G.4
With Multiframe images, the image processing functions are

applied to all images of a series.
G.4
N OT E
Extreme window values may reduce the image quality.
G.4
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Processing Images
Viewing
Windowing images
G.4
Imaging methods provide diagnostic information in the form of

gray scale images with up to several thousand different gray
scale values. Windowing means to focus on the range of gray
scales of the diagnostically relevant area and tissue type.
G.4
The first step in windowing is therefore to determine the center
of the window, i.e. the gray scale value of the type of tissue
which is central to your diagnostic problem. The smaller the
window center, the brighter the image.
With the window width, you define how many gray scale values
above and below the center value you want to see. The smaller
the window width, the stronger the contrast.
G.4
You cannot window color and pseudo-color images.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Displaying the window

values
Processing Images
G.4
You can see the window values set in the bottom right-hand corner of the images.
G.4
W = width (contrast)
C = center (brightness)
Window values
No window values are displayed on color images.
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Processing Images
Viewing
Setting the scope
G.4
You will often need to window images several times until you
have found the optimum setting for your requirements. By defining a scope, you can assign new window values to several
images automatically and in a single action to simplify your
work.
G.4
Windowing with a scope only applies to images that are not
explicitly selected.
G.4
Windowing images up to
the end of series
G.4
With Windowing OnSucceeding On, you can define that windowing is to be applied to the image in the input focus (inclusive) or to the implicitly selected image and all the other following images up to the end of the series.
G.4
Call up Image > Windowing OnSucceeding On to be able

to process all images up to the end of the series.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Processing Images
Set the required window values with the keyboard, the control box, or the main menu.
The new window values are assigned to all images from the
image in the input focus to the end of the series.
G.4
Or
G.4
Place the mouse cursor in the input focus or in an image

which is not selected.
Window all images up to the end of the series by pressing the
center mouse button and moving the mouse.
Or
G.4
Double-click on the image with the center mouse button to

assign the values calculated in Auto Window to all images
up to the end of the series.
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Processing Images
Switching between
scopes
Viewing
You can switch between scopes as you require.

G.4
G.4
The scope Windowing OnSucceeding On is active.

You want to window a single image temporarily without having
G.4
to select it explicitly.
G.4
Press the Ctrl key on your keyboard.

Window an image by clicking on it with the center mouse button and move the mouse cursor holding the mouse button
down.
Or
G.4
Assign new window values to the image with the input focus
using the main menu, keyboard, or the control box.
The scope Windowing OnSucceeding On is not active.
You want to window all images up to the end of the series temporarily.
G.4
Press the Ctrl key and switch the scope to Windowing
OnSucceeding On while you are holding the Ctrl key down.
Then window all images up to the end of the series as
described above.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Windowing explicitly
selected images
Processing Images
G.4
The Windowing OnSucceeding On scope does not apply to

explicitly selected images. If you have selected images explicitly and window them, only these images are windowed.
G.4
Select one or more images explicitly and set the required

window values using the main menu, the keyboard, or the
control box.
Or
G.4
Place the mouse cursor on an explicitly selected image.

Window all explicitly selected images by pressing the center
mouse button and moving the mouse.
Or
G.4
Execute a double-click with the center mouse button to

assign preset window values automatically.
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Processing Images
Viewing
Examples:
G.4
Windowing OnSucceeding On is active.
G.4
A1
A2
A3
A6
A4
A5
A6
B2
B3
B1
B2
B3
A1
A2
A3
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A4
A5
A6
B1
B2
B3
B1
B2
B3
A1
A2
A3
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A4
A5
A6
B1
B2
B3
B1
B2
B3
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
B1
A1
Window values
unchanged
Windowing with the

mouse in the input focus
Implicit windowing with

the mouse
Windowing in explicitly
selected images
A1
Window values
changed
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Processing Images
Automatic windowing
G.4
With the Auto-Window option, you automatically assign optimized window values to the images.
G.4
Auto-Window on loading
G.4
Before you load images onto the Viewing task card, you can
define with what window values you want these images displayed:
G.4
With the window values with which they were stored.
With automatically optimized window values (Auto-Window).
Select Image > Auto-Windowing.
Every time you load images into the Viewing task card after
that, they are immediately loaded with the optimum window valG.4
ues for the study they belong to.
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Processing Images
Applying Auto-Window to
individual images
Viewing
G.4
You can also apply Auto-Windowing to individual or selected

images.
G.4
Pay attention to the scope.
Page G.44, Setting the scope
G.4
Make sure that Image > Auto-Windowing is deactivated

before loading your images.
The images are now loaded with the window values with which
they were stored.
G.4
G.4
Double-click on the image with the center mouse button to

which you want to have optimized window values automatically assigned for a study or region of the body.
Or
G.4
Call up Image > Auto-Windowing.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Processing Images
Assigning predefined window settings
G.4
A series of organ-specific, study-specific and user-specific window settings are stored in the Viewing task card.
G.4
Some of these window settings were made by Siemens Service. You can change them in Viewing Configuration and also
define a few new window settings of your own.
Page G.87, Organ- and user-specific window values
G.4
Select the images that you want to window, paying attention

to the scope.
Call up Image > Windowing to call up a submenu with all the

stored window settings.
Select an entry to apply these window settings to your
images.
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Processing Images
Viewing
Windowing with the mouse
G.4
You can assign new window values to images using the

mouse.
G.4
Pay attention to the scope,
Click on an image segment with the center mouse button
and move the mouse holding the button down.
The mouse cursor disappears.
G.4
Move the mouse up/down to change the window center.

Or
G.4
Move the mouse right/left to change the window width.
y
Contrast +
(width -)
Brightness (center +)
Contrast x (width +)
Brightness+
(center -)
In the image in which you are currently windowing, the changed

window values are displayed immediately (interactive windowing).
G.4
As soon as you release the mouse button, the new window values are also applied to all the other selected images or the
selected scope of action.
G.4
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Processing Images
Windowing with the keyboard
G.4
For fine adjustment of the window values, you can also use the
keys on the symbol keypad of the keyboard.
G.4
Pay attention to the scope.
Setting the contrast
G.4
G.4
Press the Width+ (Num -) or Width- key (Num *) to increase

or reduce the contrast.
Setting the brightness
G.4
G.4
Press the Center+ (Num /) or Center- key (Num Num) to

increase or reduce the brightness.
G.4
NOTE
If a dialog box in the Viewing task card is open and active,
the keys of the symbol keypad might not function.
G.4
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Processing Images
Viewing
Restoring and saving window values
G.4
You can undo your changes to the window values at any time
and restore the old window settings with which you loaded the
images from the database.
G.4
Call up Image > Home Window.

Or
G.4
Call up Home Window in the popup menu (right mouse button).

The selected image(s) is/are displayed with their original window values.
G.4
You can save the series with the new window values.
G.4
To do that call up Patient > Save as.

Page G.72, Saving images
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Processing Images
Zooming and panning images
G.4
You can zoom in on sections of images that you are particularly

interested in. If the zoomed image is too large to be displayed
in the segment, you can then pan it (i.e. move it), so that the
region of interest is in the center of the image again.
G.4
Displaying enlarged/reduced images
G.4
The Viewing task card provides you with several ways of displaying enlarged or reduced images.
G.4
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Processing Images
Double size/half size
Viewing
G.4
Select the images that you want to zoom.

Click on the button Minify by 0.5 on the Image subtask card
to reduce the image by a factor of 0.5.
Or
0.5
G.4
Call up Image > Minify by 0.5 from the main menu.
Click on the button Magnify by 2.0 on the Image subtask

card to increase the image by a factor of 2.0.
Or
2.0
G.4
Call up Image > Magnify by 2.0 from the main menu.
0.5
11
G.4
You can reduce or enlarge the size of the image in steps by

the relevant factor by applying Minify by 0.5 or Magnify by
2.0 several times.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Entering a zoom factor
Processing Images
G.4
You can also increase or enlarge the size of images with an individual zoom factor.
G.4
Select the images that you want to zoom.

G.4
Call up Image > Zoom to ..., or click on the Zoom button to

open the Zoom Image dialog box.
Enter a zoom factor and confirm with OK.

The image/images are enlarged/reduced by this zoom factor.
G.4
You cannot zoom step by step in the Zoom Image dialog box.
The set factor is always applied to the original image.
Acquisition size
G.4
Call up Image > Acquisition Size in the main menu.

The images are displayed with the zoom factor of the originally
acquired images.
G.4
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Processing Images
Zooming with the mouse
Viewing
G.4
G.4
You usually select or deselect images and objects with the left
mouse button.
G.4
However, you can also switch over the function of the left mouse
button to perform zooming and panning.
G.4
Select Image > Zoom/Pan.

Or
G.4
Click on the Zoom/Pan button on the Image subtask card.
Now place the mouse cursor close to the edge of the frame.
G.4
Drag the mouse cursor up with the left mouse button pressed
to enlarge the image.
Or
G.4
Drag the mouse cursor down with the left mouse button
pressed to reduce the image.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Processing Images
Zooming
Enlarging
Reducing
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Processing Images
Viewing
As soon as you release the mouse button, the new zoom factor
is applied to all the selected images or the selected scope of
action.
G.4
G.4
NOTE
Please remember the following when zooming images that
contain graphic objects:
G.4
First press on the mouse button and then move the
mouse cursor to the outer area of the image.
Now pull the mouse cursor up/down to enlarge/reduce
the image size.
In that way you can avoid accidentally selecting and editing
graphic elements rather than the image itself.
G.4
G.4
N OT E
When zooming, make sure you do not click on a graphic
element accidentally. Otherwise, you would pan the graphic
element and not the content of the image.
G.4
Then deselect Image > Zoom/Pan again or click again on

the relevant button to switch from Zoom/Pan mode to Select
mode.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Restoring the zoom

factor
Processing Images
G.4
You can return to the zoom factor with which the images were
last stored in the database at any time.
G.4
Call up Image > Home Zoom/Pan or call up

Home Zoom/Pan in the popup menu (right mouse button).
Or
G.4
G.4
Click on the button.
You cannot restore images that have been imported into the
Patient Browser to their original size.
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Processing Images
Fitting an image into a

segment
Viewing
Select the images that you want to process.

G.4
Call up Image > Fit to Segment to enlarge/reduce an image

to the size of the segment.
Or
G.4
Click on the Fit to Segment button on the Image subtask

card.
Or
G.4
Select Fit to Segment with the pop-up menu (right mouse

button).
The image is displayed in such a way that it fits exactly in the
segment.
G.4
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Processing Images
Panning images
G.4
After you have zoomed the images, parts of the images might
extend beyond the edge of the image segments.
G.4
Therefore always pan the image so that the region of diagnostic
interest is in the center of the segment again before storing.
G.4
First select Image > Zoom/Pan as you would to zoom with

the mouse.
Or
G.4
Click on the Zoom/Pan button on the Image subtask card to

switch the left mouse button function from selection to zooming/panning.
G.4
Now place the mouse cursor in the center part of the image.
G.4
Drag the mouse up, down, right or left holding the left mouse
button down to pan the image.
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Processing Images
Viewing
up
Panning
down
left
Up
Down
Left
Right
right
Panning
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Processing Images
You can see the result of your mouse movements in the image
on which the mouse cursor is located immediately.
G.4
As soon as you release the mouse button, the image content in
all the selected images or all images of the selected scope of
action have been panned.
G.4
G.4
NOTE
When panning, make sure you do not click on a graphic
element accidentally. Otherwise, you would pan the graphic
element and not the content of the image.
G.4
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Processing Images
Restoring image display
Viewing
G.4
Like with zooming, when you have panned images, you can
restore the images as they were last stored in the database.
G.4
Call up Image > Home Zoom/Pan.

Or
G.4
G.4

Or
G.4
Call up the popup menu (right mouse button) and select

Home Zoom/Pan.
You cannot restore images that have been imported into the
Patient Browser to their original size.
You can save the series after zooming/panning.
G.4
Call up Patient > Save As.

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Operator Manual
Viewing
Processing Images
Enlarging the image section
G.4
Instead of increasing the size of the image (zoom) in order to

move it so that the relevant section is again located at the center
of the screen (pan), you can also select explicit image sections
quickly and display them at maximum size in a segment.
G.4
Select the images in which you want to display an enlarged

image section.
Call up Tools > Capture Area.
Click into one of the selected images with the left mouse button and drag open a square or rectangle.
As soon as you release the mouse button, that section is displayed enlarged to the total segment size in all selected images.
The size ratios remain the same. The enlarging tool is now
deselected again.
G.4
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Processing Images
Viewing
Rotating, flipping and inverting
G.4
Aside from the above described methods of focusing on regions

of diagnostic interest in medical images the Viewing task card
provides a number of tools with which you can change these
images.
G.4
For example, you can rotate the images around any axis. You
can flip images horizontally or vertically or you can invert the
gray scale values of images.
G.4
These functions are useful for comparing series acquired with
different patient positions, gantry inclinations or examination
directions.
G.4
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Processing Images
Rotating images (Rotate)
G.4
Whether you rotate images 90 or through a freehand rotation,

the center is always the center of the segment.
G.4
Rotating through 90
G.4
Select the images that you want to rotate.

Call up Image > Rotate 90.
The image is rotated 90 clockwise.
G.4
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Processing Images
Freely defined angle
Viewing
G.4
Call up Image > Rotate ....

A dialog box is displayed in which you can enter an angle of
rotation.
G.4
Enter a positive value to rotate the image(s) clockwise.

Or
G.4
Enter a negative value to rotate the image(s) counterclockwise.

You can only enter integer values.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Processing Images
G.4
NOTE
Please note that any annotations and graphics you have
entered will be deleted when you rotate an image.
G.4
Orientation labels are rotated together with the image
(for CT and MR images only).
G.4
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Processing Images
Viewing
Flipping images (Flip)
G.4
With the flip function, you can compare images of series that
were taken with a different patient position or direction of examination more easily.
G.4
Flipping images vertically
G.4
Select the images that you want to flip.

Call up Image > Flip Vertically.
The image is flipped around a vertical axis.
G.4
The orientation labels are changed round accordingly

(for CT and MR images only).
G.4
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Flipping images
horizontally
Processing Images
Call up Image > Flip Horizontally.

G.4
The image is flipped around a horizontal axis.
G.4
The orientation labels are changed round accordingly.
G.4
G.4
NOTE
Just like when you rotate images, when you flip them, all
annotations and graphics are deleted from the images. G.4
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G.433
Processing Images
Viewing
Inverting images (Invert)
G.4
When an image has been inverted, light areas are displayed

dark and dark areas light.
G.4
Select the images that you want to edit.

Call up Image > Invert Gray Scale.
To reset the original view, call up Image > Invert Gray Scale
again.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Processing Images
Saving your changes
G.4
You can save the series after you have rotated/mirrored/

inverted it.
G.4
To do that call up Patient > Save As.
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G.435
Processing Images
Viewing
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
G.5
2D Evaluation
G.5
On the Viewing task card, you have tools for region evaluation,
measuring distances, lengths, and angles, and for pixel evaluation.
G.5
You can also have a grid displayed in selected images, to allow
you to estimate sizes, distances, and angles more precisely. G.5
With a shutter, you can restrict the region of interest to what is
absolutely necessary excluding all irrelevant regions.
G.5
You can annotate images with image texts in order to document
your evaluation.
G.5
You can enter comment texts for the images in the database
and edit existing comment texts.
G.5
G.5
N OT E
For optimum results, perform quantitative analysis on
remapped (distortion-corrected) images only.
G.5
That is especially important for evaluations at the edge of

the image and for large FoVs.
G.5
It is not possible to evaluate images with the image type Secondary Capture.
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G.51
2D Evaluation
Activating a graphic tool
Viewing
G.5
G.5
Inactive
You will find the tools for drawing graphics and determine pixel
values in the Tools menu or on the Tools subtask card in the
control area.
G.5
Activate a graphic tool by selecting it in the menu, or click on
the button.
Active
G.5
The mouse cursor becomes a graphic cursor.

G.5
You can now use the tool until you deactivate it again. For example, you can draw several regions or distances into your image
G.5
Switching off a graphic

tool
Deselect the tool in the menu again.

G.5
G.5
Or
Click on the button again.
Or
Active
Inactive
G.5
G.5
Press the Esc key of your keyboard.

Or
G.5
Select another graphic tool.
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G.52
Operator Manual
Viewing
Paying attention to the

selection
2D Evaluation
G.5
The graphic tools of the Viewing task card work implicitly, i.e.
you do not have to select the images in which you draw the
graphics explicitly. You can simply place the mouse cursor on
the image. The input focus is placed on this image.
G.5
If you want to produce a graphic element on more than one
image at once, you must first select these images explicitly. G.5
G.5
NOTE
Please look out for the following peculiarity when explicitly
selecting images of different matrices:
G.5
When you draw a graphic into an image, that graphic
is not displayed in exactly the same position and size in the
other images.
G.5
You can only edit, i.e. resize, graphics in one image.

Multiframe images
G.5
Graphics processing is the same for multiframe and normal

images.
G.5
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G.53
2D Evaluation
Viewing
Evaluating regions
G.5
You can mark anomalies in the images and then evaluate these
regions. To do this you draw a ROI graphic around the region of
particular interest to you. You can now evaluate the gray scales
within this ROI statistically (CT, MR only).
G.5
ROIs (Regions of interest) can be:
Circular
G.5
Freehand regions
or polygons
Rectangular and circular ROIs
G.5
You can draw around the regions that are of special interest with
a rectangle or circle and evaluate them. First select the tool.
G.5
Call up Tools > Circle or Tools > Rectangle.

Or
G.5
G.5
Click on the Circle button on the Tools subtask card.

G.5
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Operator Manual
Viewing
2D Evaluation
Click on the image and draw the ROI (rectangle or circle)

while holding the mouse button pressed.
Release the mouse button as soon as the ROI has the
desired size.
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G.55
2D Evaluation
Resizing/moving regions
Viewing
G.5
If your rectangle or circle is too small or too large or is not quite

in the right position, you can still change the ROI. As soon as
you move the mouse over the ROI the cursor changes shape
and you can alter the graphics.
G.5
G.5
Click on the border of the ROI to select it.

Or
G.5
Place the mouse cursor on the border of the ROI.
G.5
Enlarge or reduce the region using the grab handles until it

meets your requirements.
Or
G.5
Move the region in the image by positioning the cursor on the

border line between the grab handles.
You can move a small ROI easier by pressing the Alt key. The
cursor then switches into the move mode automatically.
No center is displayed for circular ROIs.
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Operator Manual
Viewing
2D Evaluation
Drawing freehand ROIs
G.5
If a circle or rectangle is too imprecise to describe your ROI, you

can draw a polygon or freehand region instead. This way you
can draw the region that is of interest to you more precisely.
G.5
Call up Tools > Freehand ROI.

Or
G.5
G.5
Click on the Freehand ROI button on the Tools subtask

card.
There are two methods for drawing freehand ROIs:
G.5
Drawing point to point

(polygon)
G.5
Click on the image to determine the starting point and drag a

line to the first vertex (turning point) with the mouse.
Draw the region point to point by clicking with the mouse at
each change of direction (polygon definition).
Once you double-click on the last vertex, the system closes
your graphic.
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G.57
2D Evaluation
Viewing
Drawing a freehand regionG.5

Click on the image to determine a starting point.
Hold the mouse button pressed and move the mouse around
your region of interest.
Double-click on the end point to close your region.
The program will connect the starting point and the end point
and display the freehand ROI.
G.5
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G.58
Operator Manual
Viewing
Enlarging/reducing a
region
2D Evaluation
G.5
Like the rectangles and circles, you can also enlarge or reduce
freehand regions or move them in the image.
G.5
Select the region by clicking on it.
Grab handles will now be displayed.
Change the size by dragging one of the handles.
Changing the shape

of the graphic
G.5
You can also change the shape of a freehand region or polygon.

To do that, you activate the editing mode in which you can see
a node at every change of direction of your freehand line. You
can move this node in order to change the shape.
G.5
First select the region (left mouse button).
Then select Edit in the popup menu (right mouse button).
Nodes are now displayed instead of the grab handles.
G.5
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G.59
2D Evaluation
Inserting a new node
Viewing
G.5
To enlarge a freehand region or a polygon or to define shapes

more accurately, you can insert nodes.
G.5
Click on the polygon line with the left mouse button, i.e. the
border of the selected region, between two nodes.
Drag the line to another position in the segment with the
mouse button pressed.
A new node is added and the region remains in editing mode.G.5
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G.510
Operator Manual
Viewing
Moving a node
2D Evaluation
G.5
You can change the shape of the region by moving individual

nodes.
G.5
Click on one node with the left mouse button.
Drag the node to a new location holding the mouse button
pressed.
The node is moved and the region remains in editing mode.
G.5
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G.511
2D Evaluation
Rounding the polygon
Viewing
G.5
You can round off the edge of your freehand region.
G.5
Select the region and call up Edit in the popup menu.

Click into the region with the mouse cursor, but not on the
polygon line, on the center or a node and hold the mouse
button pressed. The mouse cursor becomes a circle.
Move the circular mouse cursor to the border.
If the mouse cursor touches the line, all the nodes are moved in
the direction of the movement of the mouse.
G.5
The size of the mouse cursor depends on how near you click
to the border of the polygon. For a precise definition, click
very close to the border, for example, to obtain a very small
circle.
Exiting editing mode
G.5
Click on any point in the image with the left mouse button, but
not on the edge of the ROI.
The editing mode is closed, and the region is deselected.
G.5
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G.512
Operator Manual
Viewing
2D Evaluation
Evaluating ROIs
G.5
As soon as you have drawn a border around the regions of

interest with a circle, rectangle or freehand line, a statistical
evaluation of the ROI will be displayed.
G.5
The ROIs are now numbered. To avoid confusion, the number
of a ROI is shown in front of every evaluation result.
G.5
(1) Min/Max
Highest and lowest gray scale value
(2) Mean/SD
Mean value and standard deviation of the gray scales
(3) Pixels
Number of pixels in the ROI
(4) Area
Area of the ROI in cm2
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G.513
2D Evaluation
Viewing
You can move the text block of the evaluation results to any
location in the image.
G.5
Click on the text block and move it with the mouse.
Showing/hiding statistical
evaluations
G.5
The display of evaluation results was set up by Siemens Service during configuration of your system. In Viewing Configuration, you can change these default settings.
Page G.82, Displaying evaluation results
G.5
If you want to change or hide the display of evaluation results of

certain ROIs only, call up the Properties dialog box for a particular ROI.
G.5
Select the ROI.

Call up Edit > Properties or call up Properties in the popup
menu (right mouse button).
If a ROI is not completely on the image, i.e. the black area of
the border extends beyond the edge of the image, it is not
possible to evaluate the region. You then obtain ??? as the
area value.
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G.514
Operator Manual
Viewing
2D Evaluation
A dialog box is displayed in which you can change the display

of evaluation results for the selected ROI.
G.5
Click on the check box of individual evaluation results to

show or hide these result lines.
Select the Limit check box to evaluate only those pixels of
the ROI that are within a gray scale range that you can now
define.
Or
G.5
Deselect the Limit check box to evaluate the entire gray

scale range of the ROI.
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G.515
2D Evaluation
Viewing
Calculating a histogram
G.5
You can have the distribution and frequency of gray scales calculated across the surface of a drawn in an active ROI.
G.5
Select the ROI.
Call up Tools > Histogram.
The histogram is placed over the image. Below the X axis label
you can see which ROI the histogram belongs to (e.g. Pixel Values of Region 1).
G.5
An image is always stored and filmed/printed out with the histogram(s) displayed on it.
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G.516
Operator Manual
Viewing
2D Evaluation
Measuring distances and angles
G.5
You can measure and evaluate not only regions, but also distances and angles in images.
G.5
G.5
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Distance measurement in projected
images
G.5
Consequence: False diagnostics possible
G.5
Remedy: Do not use measurements in projected images

for diagnostic purposes
G.5
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G.517
2D Evaluation
Viewing
Drawing a distance line, measuring the

distance
G.5
Using a distance line, you can measure the distance between

two points in an image. You can also have the statistical evaluation of the gray scales displayed for this line.
G.5
Drawing a distance line
G.5
Call up Tools > Distance.

Or
G.5
G.5
Click on the Distance button of the Tools subtask card.

G.5
Place the mouse cursor on the starting point of the distance

line.
Hold the left mouse button down and drag out a line.
As soon as you move the mouse, the length of the straight line
you have drawn so far is displayed.
G.5
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G.518
Operator Manual
Viewing
2D Evaluation
Release the mouse button to finish the line.
(1) Center
Center of the line
(2) Distance
Distance between the beginning and end point
(3) Min/Max
Minimum/maximum gray scale value on the straight line
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G.519
2D Evaluation
Changing the distance

line
Viewing
Click on a distance line with the left mouse button.

G.5
Or
G.5
Place the mouse cursor on the line.

At positions at which you can edit the line, the mouse cursor
changes shape.
G.5
G.5
Drag the starting or end point of the line to another position.

The distance is updated as soon as you move the mouse
cursor.
G.5
Or
G.5
G.5
Move the entire distance line to another location.
0.0
G.520
Operator Manual
Viewing
2D Evaluation
evaluations
G.5
Like with regions, with distances, too, you can show or hide statistical values individually.
G.5
Select a distance line (left mouse button).

Click on a selected distance line with the right mouse button
and select Properties... in the popup menu.
Or
G.5
G.5
Click on the Distance button with the right mouse button,

and select the Properties... entry in the popup menu.
The Distance Properties dialog box is displayed.
G.5
Select the evaluation results that you want displayed for your
distance line.
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G.521
2D Evaluation
Viewing
Drawing a freehand line, measuring a

distance
G.5
You can measure not only the direct distance between two
points, but also the length of a structure, i.e. a blood vessel, by
drawing the shape with a freehand line.
G.5
Call up Tools > Freehand Distance.
G.5
Point to point
G.5
Place the mouse cursor in the segment and click on the starting point of your line with the left mouse button.
Click on the first point at which you want your line to change
direction.
Then click on the next point etc. until you have drawn the
entire freehand line point by point.
Double-click on the end point.
0.0
G.522
Operator Manual
Viewing
Drawing a freehand line
2D Evaluation
G.5
Click on the starting point of your freehand line with the left
mouse button.
Draw the structure with the left mouse button pressed.
Like with a freehand ROI, you can change the shape of your
freehand distance line subsequently by editing its nodes.
For some applications, it might be necessary to draw a freehand line that consists of a polygon definition and a freehand
line.
G.5
As long as you have not double-clicked the end point, you can
mix the two methods, polygon definition and freehand line. G.5
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G.523
2D Evaluation
Viewing
After you have completed your freehand line, the following values are displayed.
G.5
(1) Distance
Length of the line
(2) Min/Max
Minimum and maximum gray scale value on the line
0.0
G.524
Operator Manual
Viewing
evaluations
G.5
2D Evaluation
If you do not want to display one or more of the values about

your freehand line, call up the Freehand Distance Properties
dialog box.
G.5
Select the freehand line (left mouse button).

Click on the selected line with the right mouse button and
select the Properties... entry in the popup menu.
Select or deselect the evaluation results that you want displayed or not displayed.
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G.525
2D Evaluation
Viewing
Calculating a profile
G.5
You can calculate the profile of the distribution and frequency of

gray scales along a distance measurement or freehand line. G.5
Select the graphic object.
Call up Tools > Profile.
The profile is placed on the image. Below the X axis label you
can see which line the profile belongs to (e.g. Pixel Values
of 1).
G.5
An image is always stored and filmed/printed out with the profile(s) displayed on it, if applicable.
0.0
G.526
Operator Manual
Viewing
2D Evaluation
Measuring an angle
G.5
You can define an angle by two lines, the legs of the angle, that
you draw on the image. The system then calculates the angle
between the two lines drawn in clockwise. If the angle is greater
than 180, the program subtracts 180.
G.5
A
A
A
B
(1)
(2)
(3)
The direction of the arrow indicates the direction in which you

have drawn the legs of the angle.
G.5
(1) Both legs were drawn in the direction of the intersection.
The angle A between the legs is displayed.
(2) Both legs were drawn away from the intersection. The
angle A between the legs is displayed.
(3) Otherwise, the angle B (A - 180) is displayed.
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syngo MR 2006T
G.527
2D Evaluation
Viewing
Call up Tools > Angle.

Or
G.5
Click on the Angle button on the Tools subtask card.
Place the mouse cursor on a starting point for the first leg.
Drag a line to the end point of the first leg holding the left
Draw the second leg in the same way.
As soon as you start to draw the second leg, the angle size will
be calculated.
G.5
The two lines between which you want to measure an angle

do not have to intersect in the image. The program automatically calculates the point of intersection even if you have not
drawn it or if it is beyond the edge of the image.
0.0
G.528
Operator Manual
Viewing
2D Evaluation
The two legs of an angle are assigned the same number so you
can distinguish several angles unambiguously.
G.5
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G.529
2D Evaluation
Changing an angle
Viewing
G.5
You can change the legs of an angle independently.
G.5
Move the mouse cursor into the image.

At those positions at which you can change a leg of an angle,
G.5
the shape of the mouse cursor changes.
Move the entire line or drag an end point to another location.
The angle is constantly updated.
G.5
0.0
G.530
Operator Manual
Viewing
Switching the angle

direction
2D Evaluation
G.5
You can also have the complementary angle displayed (180 angle measured).
G.5
Select the angle.
Call up the popup menu with the right mouse button and
select the entry Other Angle.
The angle is now measured counterclockwise and the new
value displayed.
G.5
Angle between the legs
Complementary angle
G.5
N OT E
If the angle approximates to 90, 180, 270, it is not clear
whether the angle between the legs or the supplementary
angle has been entered.
G.5
Label the angle with an annotation when you display the
supplementary angle.
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G.531
2D Evaluation
Angle across 2 images
Viewing
G.5
Select the images.

Draw an angle in one image.
The angle is also drawn into image 2.
G.5
Adjust the angle in the other image.

The correction is only visible in image 2 and is not applied to
image 1.
Angle in image 1
Angle in image 2
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G.532
Operator Manual
Viewing
2D Evaluation
Measuring pixels with the crosshair
G.5
In radiation therapy preparation you display a crosshair to measure pixels. Using the crosshair you can determine the position
of pixels and angles with reference to a starting point and two
axes at right angles to each other in several images at the same
time.
G.5
Displaying a crosshair
G.5
Select the image or images in which you want to display the

crosshair.
Call up Tools > Crosshair.
Place the crosshair in one of the selected images by simply
clicking the desired position.
Or
G.5
Click one of the selected images and keep the mouse button
pressed.
Drag the crosshair to the desired position and release the
mouse button.
The crosshair is displayed in the selected images.
G.5
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G.533
2D Evaluation
Measuring with the

crosshair
Viewing
G.5
After the crosshair has been placed click on the points in the
image whose position you want to determine.
All measurement points you set in one image are displayed
simultaneously in all other selected images, whereas the first
measurement point you set is the center point of the crosshair
for the selected images that do not have a crosshair yet.
G.5
Depending on the setting, the coordinates of the point, or its distance from the origin and angle to the X axis are displayed. G.5
One after the other, click on all pixels you want to measure.
The crosshair and the measuring points are stored with the
image and can be filmed and/or printed with it.
G.5
Wrong position of the

crosshair
G.5
Moving the crosshair is not possible. Wrongly positioned

crosshairs must be deleted and recreated.
G.5
0.0
G.534
Operator Manual
Viewing
Changing the measuring

method
2D Evaluation
Click on one of the axes of the crosshair to select it.

G.5
Call up Edit > Properties..., or select Properties... in the

popup menu.
The dialog box Crosshair Properties is displayed.
G.5
Select the option Carthesian under Coordinate System to

calculate the coordinates of pixels.
Or
G.5
Click on the option Polar to have the distance between a

measuring point and the origin, and the angle between that
distance line and the X axis displayed.
Confirm your selection and close the dialog box with OK.
Now click on the other pixels to measure them by the new
method.
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G.535
2D Evaluation
Viewing
Evaluating pixels, the pixel lens
G.5
The pixel lens displays the average value of gray scales of a

small 5 x 5 pixel area. In syngo MR the patient coordinates are
displayed together with this value.
G.5
The coordinates displayed refer to the center of the measurement range examined. In greater detail, this is the location used
for the light localizer and/or the location position in the magnet
isocenter during the first scan of the examination. For more
information, please refer to Chapter Change note of this manual.
Page xv
G.5
Requirements for
reference image
G.5
While the gray scale value can always be displayed in the

Viewer image, the patient coordinates are only displayed if the
following conditions for a reference image have been fulfilled: G.5
only Siemens MR images may be used,

mosaic images cannot be used,
the image must have a defined DICOM image plane,
the image may be distortion-corrected or not (mapped or
unmapped).
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G.536
Operator Manual
Viewing
Restrictions
2D Evaluation
G.5
The images used have to be part of the same study.

The result images may contain distortion artifacts as a result
of the non-linearity of the gradient field inside the magnet.
These may be reduced or magnified image distortion artifacts in the visible image and are not corrected by the coordinates displayed.
The patient coordinates will be calculated and displayed only
if the inaccuracy of the specified image coordinates lies
within a 7-mm tolerance margin.
The user is responsible for using the correct (mutual compatible) images for comparing the pixel lens coordinates.
G.5
NOTE
Do not copy pixel lens markers from one image to the next
because different image positions and orientations are
ignored.
G.5
The patient coordinates are not included in the copying
process. Instead, only the image coordinates in reference to
the upper left corner of the image are copied.
G.5
After copying, the image coordinates displayed are
unchanged but they refer to different patient coordinates. G.5
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G.537
2D Evaluation
Viewing
Using the pixel lens
G.5
The pixel lens function provides the following options for using
gray scale and coordinate values (pixel lens values for short): G.5
displaying the value of the pixel lens at the cursor position,

inserting the pixel lens marker at a fixed position,
selecting, moving, or deleting the pixel lens marker,
saving the pixel lens marker with the reference image.
G.5
Displaying the value of the

pixel lens at the cursor
position
G.5
To display the values of the pixel lens at the cursor position, activate the pixel lens function.
G.5
Select Tools > Pixel Lens.
Or
G.5
Click the pixel lens button of the Tools subtask card.

You can deactivate the pixel lens function in the same way.
G.5
The cursor changes shape. The gray scale value is displayed in

the first line. The second line shows patient coordinates.
G.5
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G.538
Operator Manual
Viewing
Inserting a marker at
a fixed position
2D Evaluation
G.5
You are able to permanently display the gray scale value and
patient coordinates of a pixel of interest in the image.
G.5
Call the pixel lens function and proceed as follows:
G.5
Click the pixel of interest with the left mouse button.

The pixel is now marked with a small circle. The gray scale
value is shown in the first line. The second line shows the
patient coordinates.
G.5
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G.539
2D Evaluation
Viewing
G.5
NOTE
The circular marker of the pixel lens does not match the
area measured to determine the gray scale value but has a
constant size, regardless of the image zoom factor. G.5
The gray scale value is always determined by a 5 x 5 pixel
area.
G.5
Selecting or moving the

marker of the pixel lens
G.5
You can also move a permanently displayed pixel lens

marker.
G.5
Deactivate the pixel lens function.
Page G.538
Place the cursor on the marker and, when the quadruple
arrow is magnified, drag the marker to its new position holding the left mouse button down.
The values of the pixel lens for gray scale and patient coordinates are then updated.
G.5
0.0
G.540
Operator Manual
Viewing
Applications:
2D Evaluation
G.5
Example 1:
Patient coordinates are used to compare a transverse to a sagittal image. The patient coordinates from the transverse image
on the left are to be located in the second, sagittal image.
Procedure:
G.5
(1) Mark the vertebra in the first image with a mouse click while
the pixel lens function is active.
(2) Move the marker in the second image until the patient coordinates are the same as shown in the first image.
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G.541
2D Evaluation
Viewing
Example 2:
Two sagittal images of the same study but with a different FOV
are compared. The first image shows only part of the lumbar
vertebrae, the second image shows the entire length of the lumbar vertebrae.
Procedure:
G.5
(2) Move the marker in the second image until the same
patient coordinates are shown as in the first image.
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G.542
Operator Manual
Viewing
2D Evaluation
Example 3:
Two sagittal images of the same study acquired at different
table positions are shown. The first image shows the upper section, the second image shows the lower section of the cervical
spine.
Procedure:
G.5
(2) Move the marker in the second image until the patient coordinates are the same in the first image.
G.5
G.5
NOTE
Please note the inaccuracies that may be displayed when
using this application.
G.5
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G.543
2D Evaluation
Deleting the pixel lens

marker
Viewing
When you no longer require a marker, you can delete it.

G.5
G.5
Click the marker to select it.

The marker changes shape.
G.5
Then press the Del key.

The marker of the pixel lens is deleted.
G.5
Saving the marker of the

pixel lens with the image
G.5
When images are saved, the pixel lens markers in the images
are saved as superimposed graphics.
Chapter G.7, Saving and Documenting Images
G.5
The same applies to exporting and filming images.
G.5
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Operator Manual
Viewing
2D Evaluation
Setting a shutter
G.5
You can hide irrelevant areas of the image. To do that, you place
a shutter over the image.
G.5
After that, only the area within the shutter is displayed and all
the surrounding areas are displayed black.
G.5
Only one shutter can be set in an image or multiframe image.

When setting different shutters in different frames of a multiframe image, the shutter in the first frame is taken into
account.
Setting a shutter
G.5
Call up Tools > Shutter.

Place the mouse cursor in the corner of the area of the image
that you want displayed.
G.5
Hold the left mouse button pressed and drag a rectangle

open for the shutter.
By clicking on the border of the image you can select a shutter
which you can then move or resize.
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When you release the mouse, the area outside the shutter is
displayed black.
G.5
To obtain the original view, select the border line of the shutter
and delete it.
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Removing the shutter
2D Evaluation
G.5
Click on the border of the shutter to select it.

Or
G.5
Call up Edit > Select > All Shutters In Series if you have set
several shutters within a series.
Or
G.5
Call up Edit > Select > All Shutters.

All shutter settings are now selected.
G.5
Call up Edit > Delete Graphics, or select Delete in the

popup menu.
Or
G.5
Press the Del key on your keyboard to show the entire series
in its original view again.
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Working with grids
G.5
As an aid to orientation and estimating the sizes and angles in

images, you can display a grid in selected images.
G.5
The grid consists of parallel, horizontal and vertical lines. The
distance between the grid lines (grid width) can be adapted individually.
G.5
The grid and grid settings are stored together with the images.
G.5
Displaying a grid
G.5
Select the image or images in which you want to display the

grid.
Call up View > Scalegrid to display the grid.
G.5
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Changing grid settings
2D Evaluation
G.5
Click on one of the grid lines to select the grid.

Call up Edit > Properties... in the main menu or Properties... in the popup menu (right mouse button).
The dialog box Scalegrid Properties is displayed.
G.5
Pick a new grid distance from the spin box Distance to

change the grid width.
Click on OK to accept the changed grid settings and close
the dialog box.
If you now zoom the images, the grid width is adapted to the
new sizes. If you move the image center (panning), the grid is
also moved.
G.5
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Deleting the grid
Viewing
G.5
Select the grid again by clicking on one of the grid lines.

Call up Edit > Delete Graphics, or select Delete in the
popup menu.
Or
G.5
Press on the Del key on the keyboard.

The grid is again removed from all selected images.
G.5
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2D Evaluation
Text in images
G.5
You can annotate interesting or anomalous areas of the

images. You can also edit annotations that you entered earlier
at any time.
G.5
You can also store comment texts with acquisition series.

These comment texts are also displayed in the images and
can be altered.
Page F.913, Editing an image comment
Entering comment texts
G.5
You can always change image descriptions that you entered at

an earlier date.
G.5
Call up Tools > Annotate.
Or
G.5
G.5
Click on the Annotate button on the Tools subtask card.

G.5
Click on the position in the image at which you want to insert

the text with the left mouse button.
The mouse cursor becomes a text cursor (small rectangle).
G.5
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Now enter your text.

You can force a line break by pressing Shift + Return.
G.5
Terminate text entry with the Return key.

Or
G.5
Click into the image outside the text.

The text is displayed white with shading.
G.5
You cannot change the font size or the alignment of the text.
G.5
G.5
NOTE
Although the text can consist of more than one line, only the
line you are currently editing is displayed.
G.5
G.5
Moving text
G.5
G.5
Click on the text with the left mouse button, but not on the
grab handles.
Drag the text to the new position.
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Changing text
2D Evaluation
G.5
Double-click on the text with the left mouse button to change

it.
The mouse cursor changes into a text cursor (rectangle) and is
located on the first position of the text.
G.5
Now change or add to your text.
You can exit text editing by clicking into the image outside the
text frame or pressing the Return key.
The text is displayed without a background and frame again.
G.5
Anchored annotation
text
G.5
If you want to write text marked with an arrow, pull open an

arrow keeping the left mouse button pressed and then write
your text in the text input field (end position of the arrow).
G.5
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Editing image comments
G.5
If comment texts are displayed in some or all images, you can

edit them. You can add comments to images that do not have
any comment texts.
G.5
Comment texts are only displayed if configured in the Image
Text Editor.
Place the input focus on the image whose comment you
want to edit, or select the image explicitly.
Call up Edit > Comment in the main menu or Edit comment
in the popup menu.
You can now see the text cursor at the beginning of the first
comment line.
G.5
Overwrite, delete or add to the comment text.
G.5
If your comment is longer than 2 x 30 characters it cannot fully

be displayed in the image, the second comment line then ends
with three periods ("...").
G.5
Terminate text input by pressing the Return key.
Or
G.5

The two lines of text are treated as separate entities. There is
no automatic line break.
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2D Evaluation
Editing graphics and image text
G.5
You can select all graphics and annotation texts (except shutter)
that you have entered in evaluating the images either individually or altogether in order to delete them, or cut or copy and
insert them at a new position.
G.5
Selecting/deselecting all
graphics and texts
G.5
Call up Edit > Select > All Graphics to mark all graphic elements and image texts of all explicitly selected images.
Or
G.5
Select Select All Graphics in the popup menu (right-hand

mouse button at any position in the image) to mark the
graphic elements and image texts of all implicitly (including
input focus) or explicitly selected images.
Click into a segment but not on a graphic or text to deselect

the marked graphics and texts on all images.
The standard input focus is set.
G.5
You cannot select images and graphics together. If you select

a graphic, all images are deselected and the input focus is
placed on the image associated with the graphic.
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Copying, cutting and

pasting graphics
Viewing
G.5
You can copy or cut individual or several selected graphic and

text elements from an image and insert them into another
image of the same patient.
G.5
Select one, more than one or all graphic and text elements in
an image.
Call up Edit > Copy or select Copy in the popup menu to
copy the selected graphic and text elements into the clipboard.
Or
G.5
Call up Edit > Cut or select Cut in the popup menu to cut out
the selected graphic and text elements and place them in the
clipboard.
Page A.218, Moving or copying objects
You can now insert the graphic and text elements from the clipboard into another image.
G.5
Select an image explicitly or place the input focus on the
image.
Call up Edit > Paste.
Or
G.5
Place the mouse cursor in the image into which you want to
insert the graphics.
Select Paste in the popup menu.
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2D Evaluation
If the zoom factors of the original image and the target image
are different, the size of the graphics is adjusted in the new
image.
Deleting graphics
G.5
You can delete selected graphic and text elements when you no
longer require them.
G.5
Select individual, several or all graphic and text elements.
Call up Edit > Delete Graphics or select Delete in the popup
menu.
Or
G.5

The selected drawing elements and annotations are deleted. G.5
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CHAPTER
G.6
Position Display
G.6
For series containing a large number of images, is often useful

to display the position of the scanned images in an overview. G.6
The cut lines are calculated for acquired images with the original reference images or other suitable images.
G.6
You may display single images, complete series, or several
series in the position display.
G.6
You may configure the display and labeling of the cut lines yourself.
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Basics
G.6
The position display is used to show the cut lines of acquired

images on other images. A new series is generated as a
result.
G.6
You may display single images, all images of a series, or multiple series as cut lines on reference images.
G.6
Terms
G.6
When calculating the position display, it is important to understand the following terms:
G.6
Data image
Image whose position line will be displayed
Data series
Series containing the data image
Reference image
Image on which the position line of a data image will be displayed
Reference series
Series containing the reference image
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Requirements
Position Display
G.6
Both data images and reference images must fulfill the following
conditions for successful calculation of position lines:
G.6
The images are MR images only.
patient.
The images are part of the same series block.
The images have been measured using the same table position.
The following images cannot be used for the position display: G.6
Distortion-corrected images.
Page P.171, FOV compensation filter (large FOV)
Mosaic images.
Secondary capture images
e.g. alpha images of the BOLD evaluation.
Page L.411, Automatic calculation of the alpha images
Curved cuts of the 3D evaluation.
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Defining data and reference

images
G.6
The images and series to be used as data images for the position display are already loaded on the Viewing task card.
G.6
You may define data images and reference images by selecting
them explicitly or implicitly.
G.6
The order in which you select them determines whether they
are used as a data or reference image.
G.6
Select the images or series.

G.6
N OT E
Calculation of the position display requires that the user has
full access rights to the patient data to be evaluated. G.6
Please refer to the information in,
Page B.16, Data Access and Groups
G.6
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Selected images are part

of series S1
Position Display
G.6
You have selected some or all images from an S1 series. These

images are used as data images. The system identifies the reference series R1 used for slice positioning of S1 and uses R1
as a reference series for the position display.
G.6
G.6
NOTE
Prior to computing the slice positioning of series S1,
computation of the reference serie(s) R1, R2, etc. has to be
completed.
G.6
If the S1 series was planned using images from different reference R1 and R2 series, the sum R1 + R2 will be used as
the reference series in the position display.
The images of S1 will be mapped on to themselves if no reference series exists for S1 and if it is possible to calculate cut
lines.
The selection includes

several series (S1, S2,
and S3)
You have selected series S1, S2, and S3.

G.6
G.6
All images from the series selected last (S3) (or all images from
the series to which the image last selected belongs) will be
used as reference images.
G.6
The images of series S1 and S2 will be used as data images.G.6
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Position Display
Viewing
G.6
Single images or all images of one or more series may be displayed in the position display.
G.6
Displaying whole series
G.6
Select Evaluation > Position Display > Series.

Or
G.6
Click the Position Display: Series button on the Patient

subtask card.
The cut lines with the reference images are calculated and displayed for all images of the data series.
G.6
Displaying some images
G.6
Select Evaluation > Position Display > Selection.

Or
G.6
Click the Position Display: Selection button on the Patient

subtask card.
The cut lines with the reference images are calculated and displayed for only the selected images of the data series.
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Position Display
Messages are shown on the status bar during calculation.

You may continue working on the Viewing task card while the
position display is being calculated.
A message will notify you if you did not select suitable images
and it is not possible to calculate cut lines.
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Position Display
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The new position display series

Calculating the position display generates a new series.
G.6
G.6
This new series includes the reference images for which at least
one cut line can be calculated and displayed.
G.6
The image at the top of the stack in the new series is the image
with the greatest number of perpendicular (or nearly perpendicular) cuts.
G.6
All images of the new series are fitted to the segment size, even
if they had been zoomed or panned prior to calculating the position display.
G.6
You may edit images in the position display series.
G.6
Name of the new series
G.6
The name of the new series consists of PosDisp:, the series

number set in square brackets, plus the name of the first data
series.
G.6
Example: PosDisp: [2] t1_se_sag
G.6
Number of the new series
G.6
The number of the new series is the highest series number

assigned thus far +1.
G.6
If a series number has not yet been assigned, e.g, after system
installation, the PosDisp series will be give the number 5000.G.6
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Position Display
Display and labeling of cut lines
G.6
The slice positions of the data images are drawn in the PosDisp images and labeled as cut lines.
G.6
The length of the cut lines does not always represent the spatial
extent. It may be cut off at the edges of the images to make
space for image text and cut line labels.
G.6
Display rules
G.6
The following rules apply to the display of cut lines:
G.6
Perpendicular cuts are displayed as solid cut lines.

Oblique cuts (angle 30) are drawn as a dashed line.
Oblique cuts with smaller angles are not displayed on the reference image.
(Example: Transverse images are not displayed on transverse reference images.)
The cut lines are always displayed with shading lines.
Page F.438, Shadow lines
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Position Display
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Labeling rules
G.6
(4)
(1)
(2)
(3)
G.6
(1) Assignment of lower-case letters to series names

(2) Name of the new position display series
(3) Number of cut lines displayed and number of all data
images
(4) Image numbers
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Position Display
The cut lines are labeled with the number of the image if the
PosDisp series only shows images of one series.
G.6
If the PosDisp series shows images of several series, the cut
lines are labeled with a lower-case letter to identify the series
plus the number of the image. If cut lines coincide, the lowest
image number plus ... is shown.
G.6
The comment line of the PosDisp images (3) shows how many
data images are displayed as cut lines in the PosDisp.
G.6
G.6
N OT E
If you have configured the position display not to label all cut
lines, overlapping cut lines can cause incorrect assignment
between cut lines and invisible image numbers. In such
cases, select the labeling option All to be on the safe side.
Page G.616, Configuring the display of the cut lines G.6
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Position Display
Viewing
Examples for calculating the

position display
Example 1 (series)
G.6
G.6
All 15 images of a transverse series are to be displayed on the

original reference images. The original reference series consists of a transverse, a coronal, and a sagittal image.
G.6
Load the transverse series into the Viewing task card.
Place the input focus on an image from this series.
Select Evaluation > Position Display > Series or click the
Position Display: Series button on the Patient subtask
card.
The position display is calculated. The new PosDisp series
contains the sagittal and coronal reference images, each with
15 cut lines.
G.6
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Example 2 (selection)
Position Display
G.6
A coronal series and a transverse series are loaded into the

Viewing task card. The cut lines of selected coronal images are
to be displayed in the transverse images.
G.6
Explicitly select the coronal images of interest.
Select an image from the transverse series.
Select Evaluation > Position Display > Selection or click
the Selection button on the Patient subtask card.
contains all images of the transverse series for which cut lines
of the selected coronal images exist.
G.6
Example 3 (several series) G.6
A coronal, a transverse, and a sagittal series are loaded into the

Viewing task card. The cut lines of all transverse and sagittal
images are to be displayed in the coronal images.
G.6
Explicitly select a transverse and a sagittal image.
Select an image from the coronal series.
Select Evaluation > Position Display > Series or click the
Position Display: Series button on the Patient subtask
card.
contains all images of the coronal series including the cut lines
of the transverse and sagittal images.
G.6
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Position Display
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Configuring the position display
G.6
You can configure the number of slices to be drawn into the reference images, the location of cut lines labels, as well as how
many cut lines should be numbered.
G.6
Opening the Position

Display dialog box
G.6
To change the settings for the position display while no PosDisp series is loaded on the Viewing task card, open the Position Display dialog box via the menu.
G.6
Select Evaluation > Position Display > Settings.
If you want to change how the current PosDisp series is displayed, you can also open the Position Display dialog box with
the Position Display: Series and Position Display: Selection
buttons.
G.6
Place the input focus on the PosDisp series.
Click the Position Display: Series or Position Display:
Selection button on the Patient subtask card.
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Position Display
The Position Display dialog box opens.
G.6
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Position Display
Viewing
Configuring the display of

the cut lines
You can choose the number of cut lines to be displayed.

G.6
G.6
All
All cut lines are displayed.
First/Last
Only the first and last cut lines of a parallel line group are displayed.
Automatic
Cut lines that are too close to one another are automatically
hidden. Overlapping cut line labels are avoided.
Select an option under Slices.
G.6
N OT E
The system automatically switches from First/Last to
Automatic as soon as the first and last cut line of a group
can not be calculated.
G.6
This does not affect any other line groups.
G.6
The above occurs if a data image does not intersect the

reference image.
G.6
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Defining the position of

the cut line labels
Position Display
G.6
You may set a preferred position for the cut line labels in the
PosDisp image.
G.6
Click the appropriate button to place the labels on the left, on
the right, below, or above.
Defining display of the

cut line labels
G.6
If you are editing a PosDisp series containing several slices, it

is not advisable to label every cut line.
G.6
Click one of the following options:
None
No cut lines are labeled.
First/Last
Only the first and last cut lines from each parallel and equidistant line group are labeled.
All
All cut lines are labeled.
Automatic
All cut lines are labeled as long as they do not overlap. Individual labels are hidden if they do overlap.
Every
Only every nth cut line is labeled. Sorting is based on image
number and starts at 1.
Enter an increment in the text input field for the Every option.
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Position Display
Applying the settings
Viewing
G.6
You may save the configuration settings for the position display.
G.6
Click the Apply button in the Position Display dialog box.
The dialog box will stay open.
G.6
The position display settings will still apply the next time you
restart the system.
G.6
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CHAPTER
G.7
Saving and Documenting

Images
G.7
After image processing, when all the images have been displayed in an optimum way and have been evaluated, you can
save, store or transfer these images for further evaluation and
documentation or for 3D postprocessing.
G.7
After that, you can close the images of this patient and make
space in the Viewing task card for the images of the next
patient.
G.7
NOTE
irretrievably.
G.7

G.7
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Saving images
G.7
After you have completed processing and evaluation of the

images, you save your results.
G.7
You can save your images in one of two ways:
G.7
You can place the processed images in a new series.

You can add the images to an existing series.
Before each storage operation, the system checks whether the
capacity of your hard disk is sufficient for saving these images.G.7
If not enough free storage capacity is available, a message box
is displayed.
G.7
In this case, delete all the data which is no longer required
and is already stored from your hard disk before saving your
images.
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G.7
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Modifications in medical images are not
saved automatically in the same way as image comment.
Additionally, in case of a user switch where the new user
has no adequate access rights, modifications of the image
text may also be lost.
G.7
Consequence: Image modifications may be lost.
G.7
Remedy: Use Patient > Save... in order to save the image

comment and Patient > Save as... to save the image with
modifications as a new image.
G.7
If you save multiframe images again, they will no longer be

treated as multiframes but as normal images.
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Calling up the Save As

dialog box
G.7
Viewing
Only images of the same study can be saved together in one

series.
G.7
First select the images or series that you want to save.
Call up Patient > Save As.
G.7
G.7
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Saving images as a new

series
G.7
You can save all selected images in a new series. The old series
remains unchanged. You can then easily compare processed
and evaluated images with the original study images.
G.7
Click on the Save images in new series option in the Save

As dialog box.
Enter the new series description in the text input field. The
default is the automatically generated serial number.
Confirm with OK.
The images are saved in a new series.
G.7
If you no longer require the original series later on, you can
delete it in the Patient Browser.
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Appending images to an
existing series
G.7
Viewing
If you do not want to create a new series for your processed and
evaluated images, you can append them to an existing series.
G.7
Click on the Append images to series option in the Save

As dialog box.
Select the series in the selection list using the serial number
and serial description.
Confirm with OK.
As the default setting, you will find the series in the selection
list that was last used with Save As.
If you are using Save As for the first time and have selected
the images of different series, the series which is entered as
a default is that which contains the image last selected in the
image area.
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Saving window values
G.7
If you have changed the window values of your images during

image processing, you can save only the new window values.
G.7
Call up Image > Save Window Values.

Or
G.7
Call up the popup menu (right mouse key) and select Save
Window Values.
Or
G.7
Click on the Save Window Values button on the Report

subtask card.
The new window values are saved for the selected images.
G.7
Window values are only saved if the user has the update permission.
Saving of window values can be turned off by the modality.
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Viewing
Exporting, passing on, or filming

images
G.7
After an examination or postprocessing, the images are stored

in the local database from where they can be called up for
reporting or documentation, for example.
G.7
A detailed description on exporting and sending is to be found
in,
Part J
Exporting images
G.7
With the function Export To..., you can save patient and examination data to local exchangeable data media (to CD).
Chapter J.2, Storing Data on an External Medium
G.7
Inserting a CD
G.7
Insert the required medium into the drive.
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Storing data on CD
G.7
Select the data that you want to store in the navigation or

content area of the Patient Browser.
Call up Transfer > Export To CD-R.
Or
G.7
Click this button.
The actual procedure for storage to CD-R, recording a CD-R,

starts automatically or can be triggered manually.
Page J.210, Automatic start of the write operation
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Sending data via the network
G.7
If your system is connected to a network, you can send patient

and examination data to other workstations via the network with
the Send To... function.
Page J.31, Sending Data via the Network
G.7
Select the patient, study, series or the images in the navigation area or content area.
Standard address
G.7
G.7
Press the Send To Node 1 key on the symbol keypad.
Or
G.7
Call up Transfer > Send To Node 1 or Transfer > Send To

Node 2 to send the data to one of the preconfigured
addresses in the network.
Or
G.7
G.7
Click on one of the two icon buttons on the tool bar.

The data are sent to the selected address.
G.7
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G.7
Call up Transfer > Send To....

Or
G.7
G.7
Click on the appropriate button on the toolbar instead.

Select the network address(es) you require in the Send To
dialog box.
G.7
Click on Send to send the selected data to the required

address(es).
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Exporting images to the file system
G.7
If you want to process or otherwise use images with other programs, you can export them to a specific directory on the system hard disk in several image formats (Export To Off-line).
G.7
Call up Transfer > Export to Off-line.

Select the required directory in the Export to Off-line dialog
box.
Select the required image format (DICOM, or bitmap).
G.7
Click on OK to save the selected images as individual files.
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Filming/printing images
G.7
You can also use the Viewing task card to select images and
copy them to Filming or Film Preview.
G.7
Transferring images for

filming/printing
G.7
Select the images in the image area of the Viewing task

card.
Call up Patient > Copy to Film Sheet.
Or
G.7
Click on this button on the Patient subtask card.

Or
G.7
All the selected images are transferred to the virtual film sheet
(Filming task card or Film Preview window). There you activate the Auto Expose option and the images are exposed on
film or printed on paper as soon as the film sheet has been
filled, or they are first collected in a film job.
G.7
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Film preview
G.7
Viewing
Call up Patient > Film Preview in the main menu to have a

preview displayed showing how the transferred images will
be filmed/printed.
Page O.32, Film Preview
Or
Printing images/exposing
images on film
G.7
G.7
Click on this button on the Patient subtask card.
G.7
You can print/expose a patients images that you have collected

in a film job from the Viewing task card. You do not have to
switch to the Filming task card first.
G.7
Call up Patient > Expose Film Task to transfer all images of

that film job to the camera or printer.
If you have transferred images of more than one patient to the
Filming task card so that more than one film job exists, a dialog box is displayed where you can select the film job that you
require.
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Viewing
Film Task Status
G.7
You can obtain an overview of all film jobs that have already
been transferred to the camera/printer and change the
sequence in which they are processed, for example.
Page O.53, Viewing and manipulating film jobs
G.7
Call up Patient > Film Task Status to display the Film Task
Status dialog box with a list of all the pending film jobs.
Filming multiframe imagesG.7
You can film and print multiframe images only from the Viewing
task card.
G.7
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Viewing
Transferring images to 3D
G.7
In the Viewing task card, you can transfer images to the 3D

task card for three-dimensional processing.
G.7
Select the images or series on the Viewing task card that

you want to process three-dimensionally.
Or
G.7
Select no images if you want to transfer the entire content of

the opened patient folder (all images of the patient displayed).
Call up Applications > 3D > MPR, Applications > 3D > MIP
or Applications > 3D > SSD depending on the 3D method
with which you want to process your images.
The images are checked for suitability for 3D reconstruction and
transferred to the Series List dialog box.
Page H.26, Series List
G.7
If you select only one or two images, the entire series to which
the selected images belong are transferred, because 3D
requires a minimum number of images for processing. If you
select four or more images, only the selected images are
transferred.
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Viewing
Transferring images to Windows

applications
G.7
From the Viewing task card, you can transfer images to Windows applications via the Windows XP Clipboard.
G.7
You can copy individual or several selected images and insert
them into a file of an image postprocessing program.
G.7
Call up Edit > Copy from the main menu.

Or
G.7
Select Copy in the popup menu to copy the selected image

into the clipboard.
The last selected visible image will be copied as Bitmap (.bmp).
This includes all graphics, image text and image parameters
that are visible in the image area.
G.7
If there are several images selected, only the last selected
image will be copied to the Windows XP Clipboard.
G.7
Select Paste in the respective Windows application to paste
the copied images.
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Viewing
Closing images, series, studies,

and patients
G.7
You can terminate processing of images on the Viewing task

card by closing the images, the associated series, or the patient
and thus removing them from the Viewing task card.
G.7
The images are still saved in the local database.
G.7
Closing selected
images or series
G.7
It is sometimes helpful to close individual images of a series, for

example, because some of the images are not relevant for diagnosis. If you then save the remaining images as a new series, it
only contains the really relevant images. You can also close the
series of a study that you no longer want to process.
G.7
Select the images or series that you want to close.

Call up Edit > Clear Document(s).
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Viewing
Example: You want to close images A5 and B1 - B5.
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
B1
B2
B3
B5
B6
B7
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
Clear documents
G.7
A1
A2
A3
A4
B6
B7
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
The other images move up and the gap will be closed.
G.7
You can remove individual images of a multiframe image from

the Viewing task card with Clear Document(s).
Closing patients
G.7
You can also close all images, series, and studies of the patient
whose images are currently displayed.
G.7
Call up Patient > Close Patient.

Or
G.7
G.7
Click on the Close Patient button on the Patient subtask

card.
All the images of the patient are closed and removed from the
Viewing task card, the patient folder in the control area is
cleared.
G.7
Changes in images are not saved, except for window values,
image comments, and the mark/unmark flags.
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Configuring the Viewing

Task Card
CHAPTER
G.8
G.8
In Viewing Configuration, you can adapt the user interface

and program operation of the Viewing task card to your method
of working.
G.8
You can change and make the following settings:
G.8
Display of statistical evaluation results

Whether series/studies remain on the Viewing task card
when you load new series/studies
Organ-specific and user-specific window values
Call up Numaris/4-Configuration Panel
G.8
Select the configuration window of the Viewing task card.

The Viewing Configuration window is displayed with the
Graphic Tools, Administration and Evaluation General tab
cards.
G.8
In the Basics part of this manual you can read how to call up
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Viewing
Displaying evaluation results
G.8
When you draw ROIs and distance lines, the program evaluates
the areas and lines statistically.
Page G.54, Evaluating regions
Page G.517, Measuring distances and angles
G.8
On the Graphic Tools tab card, you can set what evaluation
results are to be displayed in the images for each ROI or line
type.
G.8
You can also make settings for the Scalegrid and Crosshair
evaluation tools on the Graphic Tools card.
G.8
Click the Graphic Tools tab card into the foreground.
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Viewing
Selecting a graphic tool
G.8
G.8
Displaying evaluation
results
G.8
G.8
Gray scale range
First select for which ROI or line type you want to change the
display of evaluation results.
Select or deselect the display of evaluation results by clicking

or deselecting the corresponding check box.
G.8
G.8
Select the Limit check box to evaluate only those pixels of

the ROI that are within a gray scale range that you can now
define.
Or
G.8
Deselect the Limit check box to evaluate the entire gray

scale range of the ROI.
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Changing the settings on

the task card
G.8
Viewing
You can change all the settings for the various graphic tools not
only on the configuration platform but also directly on the Viewing task card.
G.8
Place the cursor on the icon button of the graphic tool whose
settings you want to change on the task card stack.
Call up Properties... in the popup menu (right mouse button).
A dialog box for defining the properties of this graphic tool is displayed. You can now change the settings for this graphic tool.
This setting will be used whenever you call this graphic tool in
the future.
G.8
G.8
NOTE
If, however, you select a drawing element in an image and
then call up Edit > Properties... (or Properties... in the
popup menu), the settings that you can make in the dialog
box now displayed apply to the selected
drawing element only.
G.8
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Closing of series/studies in the

Viewing task card
G.8
On the Administration card, you can see whether series or

studies of a patient that are already on the Viewing task card
are removed from Viewing if you load a new series/study of this
patient.
G.8
These settings are defined by your system administrator or
Siemens Service.
Click the Administration tab card into the foreground.
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Viewing
If the option is selected, all studies of a patient loaded on the

Viewing task card are removed as soon as a new study of this
patient is loaded.
G.8
If the option is selected, all series of a study currently loaded

are removed from the Viewing task card as soon as a new
series of this study is loaded.
G.8
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Operator Manual
Viewing
Organ- and user-specific window

values
G.8
On the Viewing task card, you can window the images by

assigning them predefined organ-specific or user-specific window values.
Page G.411, Assigning predefined window settings
G.8
The Evaluation General card allows you to create window values of this type, assign a name to them (e.g. organ designation
or user name), and change or delete window values already
created.
G.8
Click the Evaluation General card into the foreground.
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Selecting a name
Viewing
G.8
Enter a name in the combo box to create new organ- or userspecific window values.
Or
G.8
Select a name from the list edit window values or delete it.
Deleting window values
G.8
The selection list can contain up to 30 entries. If you want to

define new window values when the list is full, you must first
delete an existing entry.
G.8
Select an entry.
Click on the Delete button to delete the entry.
Delete entries you no longer require from time to time in the

Default window list to keep the Windowing submenu clearer.G.8
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Viewing
Entering or changing
window values
G.8
If you have entered a new name in the Default window field,

the input fields for the window values are initially empty.
G.8
Enter the new window values in the spin boxes.

If you have chosen a name that already exists in the Default
window field, you can now change the window value stored
under this name.
G.8
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Operator Manual
PART
3D Evaluation
H.0
H.1 Introduction
3D evaluation method .................................................... H.12
Multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) .............................. H.13
Maximum (MIP) and minimum (MinIP)
intensity projection ..................................................... H.15
Surface shaded display (SSD) .................................. H.18
Volume rendering technique (VRT) ......................... H.110
The 3D task card .......................................................... H.111
H.2 Transferring Images to 3D

Starting 3D evaluation .................................................... H.22
Calling the 3D task card ................................................. H.25
Series List ...................................................................... H.26
Merging series ........................................................... H.29
Transferring series to 3D ......................................... H.210
Other series from the Series List ............................. H.212
H.3 Working in 3D
The patient coordinate system ....................................... H.32
Orientation aids in the image ..................................... H.35
Image representation in 3D ............................................ H.37
Image area in reference mode .................................. H.37
Image information ...................................................... H.39
Setting views in the volume data set............................ H.311
Setting the reference image .................................... H.311
Using the 3D cross hair ........................................... H.313
Paging with the dog ears ......................................... H.317
Shifting ..................................................................... H.318
Rotating the volume with the mouse ....................... H.319
Rotating around one axis (oblique cut planes) ........ H.320
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Rotating around two axes

(double-oblique cut planes) ...................................... H.324
Controlling image orientation ................................... H.325
Setting standard views ............................................. H.327
Fixing the angle ........................................................ H.331
Blow Up Segment .................................................... H.335
Smart Select............................................................. H.338
Defining output types .................................................... H.339
Setting MPR ............................................................. H.340
Setting MIP............................................................... H.341
Setting MinIP ............................................................ H.343
Setting SSD.............................................................. H.344
Setting VRT .............................................................. H.346
3D task card with mixed output types ...................... H.347
Free View ..................................................................... H.348
Common interactions in the free view segment ....... H.351
Interactions with the clipbox ..................................... H.352
Measurements in 3D .................................................... H.353
Measuring distances ................................................ H.354
Measuring angles ..................................................... H.359
Drawing ROIs ........................................................... H.363
Evaluating pixels, pixel lens ..................................... H.368
Text in images .......................................................... H.370
Generating series from 3D images ............................... H.372
Generating parallel images ...................................... H.377
Postprocessing series of parallel images ................. H.386
Generating curved ranges........................................ H.387
Postprocessing series of curved images.................. H.396
Generating an expanded range ............................... H.397
Generating radial images ....................................... H.3101
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Contents
Postprocessing a radial range ............................... H.3110

Series of radial projections and views ................... H.3111
Saving a parameter set with presets ..................... H.3115
H.4 Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR)

Transfer as MPR to 3D .................................................. H.42
Changing the slice thickness (MPR Thick) ................ H.43
Generating series of images .......................................... H.45
Generating curved slices ............................................... H.47
Drawing curves .......................................................... H.48
Displaying images ................................................... H.410
H.5 Maximum and Minimum Intensity Projection

Transfer as MIP to 3D .................................................... H.54
Extracting a volume of interest (VOI) ............................. H.56
Using the VOI clipbox ................................................ H.57
Activating VOI punch mode ..................................... H.511
Defining a freehand VOI .......................................... H.513
Undoing deletion of VOIs ......................................... H.520
Combining the MIP/MinIP and SSD output types .... H.521
Generating complex VOIs ....................................... H.523
Exiting VOI mode ..................................................... H.528
Generating a radial series from MIP/MinIP displays .... H.529
Defining the MIP slice thickness (MIP Thin) ................ H.530
Generating series of MIP Thin images .................... H.533
Generating curved slices ......................................... H.534
Defining the MinIP slice thickness (MinIP Thin) ........... H.535
Generating series of MinIP Thin images ................. H.538
Generating curved slices ......................................... H.539
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H.6 Reconstructing Surfaces (SSD)

Transferring as SSD to 3D ............................................. H.62
SSD reconstruction with changed thresholds ............ H.63
Creating and processing predefined
threshold values ....................................................... H.611
Generating a radial series of SSD displays .................. H.615
H.7 Volume Rendering Technique (VRT)

Transferring to 3D as VRT ............................................. H.72
Assigning parameter sets ............................................... H.74
Automatic assignment of the parameter set............... H.75
Assigning a parameter set manually .......................... H.76
Creating and editing parameter sets ............................ H.710
Dialog box VRT Definition ........................................ H.710
Editing a parameter set ............................................ H.714
Saving a parameter set ............................................ H.720
Deleting a parameter set .......................................... H.721
Finishing VRT Definition........................................... H.721
Defining a VRT slice thickness (VRT Thin) .................. H.722
H.8 Selecting and Processing Images

Selecting images and 3D graphics ................................. H.82
Showing and hiding reference lines ........................... H.84
Windowing images ......................................................... H.85
Defining the scope of action
(Single Windowing) .................................................... H.86
Processing an image view .............................................. H.87
Changing the image display with color LUTs ................. H.89
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H.9 3D Editor
Functions of the 3D Editor ............................................. H.92
Calling up the 3D Editor ................................................. H.94
3D card in editor mode .............................................. H.95
Dialog box Object Editor ............................................ H.96
The Slab Editor .............................................................. H.97
Switching on the Slab Editor ...................................... H.98
Changing a 3D block ................................................. H.99
Block by block editing with the Slab Editor .............. H.912
Creating 3D objects ..................................................... H.913
Creating an object with threshold ............................ H.914
Creating an object with Region Growing ................. H.919
Working with the object list .......................................... H.924
Selecting objects ..................................................... H.926
Changing object properties ...................................... H.927
Displaying objects in the slab segment ................... H.928
Updating the display ................................................ H.931
Saving, adding, deleting objects .............................. H.932
Postprocessing objects ................................................ H.935
Cutting out structures .............................................. H.935
Morphological editing ............................................... H.942
Closing the 3D Editor ................................................... H.946
H.10 Fusion
Functions of Fusion ...................................................... H.102
Calling up Fusion ......................................................... H.103
Loading image data sets ......................................... H.104
3D card in Fusion mode .......................................... H.107
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Aligning image series ................................................... H.108

Registration Matrix ................................................. H.1010
Aligning images visually ......................................... H.1012
Aligning images with reference points.................... H.1017
Automatic Registration ........................................... H.1022
Surface Matching ................................................... H.1025
Closing alignment................................................... H.1031
Displaying overlaid images ......................................... H.1032
Side-by-Side mode................................................. H.1032
Fusion mode .......................................................... H.1036
Changing the display.............................................. H.1038
Saving result images .............................................. H.1044
Results for non 3-D applications ............................ H.1045
H.11 Fly Through

Starting Fly Through ..................................................... H.113
Changing the display mode...................................... H.115
Free movement within the volume ............................. H.1110
Fly View Volume (FVV) .......................................... H.1111
Changing the Fly view via the FVV ........................ H.1113
Changing the Fly view in the Fly segment ............. H.1116
Defined movement within the volume ........................ H.1120
Auto Navigation ...................................................... H.1121
Defining the path .................................................... H.1122
Flight along a path.................................................. H.1128
Closing Fly Through ................................................... H.1132
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Contents
H.12 Saving 3D Series and Images

Storing 3D images manually ........................................ H.122
Saving with the default settings ............................... H.122
Defining setting when saving ................................... H.123
Saving 3D-series ..................................................... H.128
Storing series automatically ....................................... H.1210
H.13 Filming, Evaluating and Sending 3D Images

Filming 3D images ....................................................... H.132
Transferring images to the Viewing task card .............. H.133
Sending images through the network and storing ........ H.134
H.14 3D Configuration
Configuring image information ..................................... H.142
Configuring processing of series .................................. H.144
Configuring storage ................................................. H.145
Configuring filming ................................................... H.146
Configuring the orientation of the reference image . H.147
Configuring quality filter ........................................... H.148
Configuring resampling ............................................ H.149
Configuring Fly Through ............................................ H.1410
Updating changes .................................................. H.1411
Path representation ............................................... H.1412
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
H.1
Introduction
H.1
The result of a tomographic examination is a sequence of

images through a solid volume.
By combining two-dimensional images, it is possible to obtain a
three-dimensional display of the region of interest.
H.1
(1)
(2)
(1) 2D tomographic images

(2) Volume data set
In this three-dimensional display, you can work just like in a
three-dimensional model. For example, you can generate new
images, cut out individual regions and apply a range of evaluation functions for special diagnostic problems.
H.1
Your system provides you with a number of alternative procedures for working with three-dimensional images.
You decide with what method you want to begin as soon as you
load images into the 3D task card.
H.1
On the 3D task card, you then prepare your image material by
the selected method, or you start another image processing
procedure.
H.1
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Introduction
3D Evaluation
3D evaluation method
H.1
Your system provides you with the following methods for combining two-dimensional images to form three-dimensional
views:
H.1
Multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) is used to place the slices
in various orientations through the region of interest. The
resulting images are two-dimensional.
You can use the maximum intensity projection (MIP) for the
display of contrast medium examinations or especially for
angiography.
You can use the minimum intensity projection (MinIP) especially to display the pulmonary tissue.
You can use the surface shaded display (SSD) method, for
example, to evaluate bone and vascular examinations that
you want to display with virtual three-dimensionality.
Volume rendering technique (VRT) is used, for example, to
differentiate between organs and tissue structures, and for
colored, three-dimensional display of bone, tissue, and
organs.
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
Introduction
Multiplanar reconstruction (MPR)
H.1
With multiplanar reconstruction you can calculate secondary

images of any planes from the volume, for example sagittal,
coronal, or any curved views.
H.1
You can reconstruct both single images and series of images.H.1
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Transversal/axial
Coronal
Paraxial
Sagittal
Paraxial
Sagittal
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Introduction
3D Evaluation
In MPR, two-dimensional images are always calculated from

the "volume". However, you can move through the representation quickly using the 3D cross-hair or the mouse to gain a
three-dimensional impression.
H.1
The smaller the distance between the slices or the larger the
degree of overlap of the original images, the greater the resolution in the examination direction.
H.1
The minimum slice thickness of an MPR image is one voxel. But
you can generate thicker slices (MPR Thick). The gray-scale
mean values are calculated for voxels located one behind the
other.
H.1
(1) MPR slice (1 voxel slice thickness)

(2) MPR Thick (slice thickness can be set)
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
Introduction
Maximum (MIP) and minimum (MinIP)

intensity projection
H.1
In the selected view through the volume elements (called voxels) with the greatest/least intensity are determined and projected onto a surface irrespective of whether they are at the
front or further back in the stack. This gives you the maximum/
minimum intensity projection.
H.1
MIP
H.1
You can use this method, for example, to exploit the fact that
blood vessels are always displayed in the volume as the structures with the most intensive gray-scale values.
H.1
(1) Voxels in MIP images

(2) Most intensive gray scale value
The voxel with the maximum intensity is displayed in the MIP
image.
H.1
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Introduction
3D Evaluation
Some structures, especially bones, cause interference in the

projections. Where bones and blood vessels are superimposed
on one another on the MIP projection, the voxels of the (denser)
bones can cover the voxels of the blood vessels. In this case,
reduce the target volume using the VOIs (Volumes of Interest)
until it only contains the vessels to be projected.
H.1
MinIP
H.1
You can use this method, for example, for examinations of the
lung as the structures with the least intensive gray-scale values.
H.1
In the MinIP image the voxels with the minimum intensity are
displayed.
H.1
In order to gain a three-dimensional impression you can generate several MIP/MinIP images from different viewing directions
or rotate the projection using the mouse or the 3D cross-hair. H.1
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
MIP Thin / MinIP Thin
Introduction
H.1
You can limit the volume for a projection to a partial area of the
volume data set. In the output type MIP Thin / MinIP Thin you
define which expansion the volume used for the projection
should have.
H.1
(1) Normal MIP or MinIP Thin, whole volume

(2) MIP Thin or MinIP Thin, only partial volume (slice) is used
for projection
(3) Part used
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Introduction
3D Evaluation
Surface shaded display (SSD)
H.1
With this method, you reconstruct the surfaces of volumes.

These volumes consist of voxels (volume voxels) whose grayscales are in a range defined by two limit values, an upper and
a lower gray-scale limit. This method is especially suitable for
displaying bone structures or blood vessels filled with contrast
medium.
H.1
(1) Voxels in the SSD image

(2) Foremost surface voxel volume data set
The foremost voxel of the volume range that is within a defined
gray-scale range is displayed in the SSD image.
H.1
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
Introduction
You can change the viewing direction in real time with the
mouse or 3D cross hair. You can also generate series of views
taken from different viewing angles.
H.1
You can, for example, cut out any structures to expose areas of
special interest.
H.1
The gray-scales that are shown on the display are no longer the
measured values. They are only intended to give a threedimensional impression.
H.1
A fine distinction in the density of the tissue is no longer possible, for example, calcification and contrast medium in the vessels can no longer be distinguished by their density in SSD. H.1
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Introduction
3D Evaluation
Volume rendering technique (VRT)
H.1
The volume rendering technique (VRT) is a way of creating

color images in which a 3D effect is achieved with such parameters as transparency, shading, and color transition.
H.1
The entire volume data set is included in the image. Areas of
interest such as bone and blood vessels can be emphasized
interactively by assigning appropriate color and transparency
values.
H.1
The VRT method is based on the idea that defined rendering
properties (color, brightness, contrast, and transparency) are
assigned to the voxels of the volume data set depending on the
initial pixel value (MR signal value). In practice, pixel input value
ranges are assigned to specific tissue classes.
H.1
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
Introduction
The 3D task card
H.1
You process your three-dimensional images on the 3D task

card.
H.1
The task card is subdivided into the following main areas:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
H.1
Main menu, extended by 3D-specific items

Control area for easy call-up of functions
Image area, subdivided into four segments
Status bar for feedback and error messages
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Introduction
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CHAPTER
H.2
H.2
For three-dimensional image processing, you use examination

images that are stored in the local database of your system or
in the archive.
H.2
If your system is integrated into a hospital network, you can
receive image data from other departments and wards and
evaluate it on your system.
H.2
In the Patient Browser window, you have access to this data.
There you can search for patients, studies, series, or individual
images and transfer them to the 3D task card.
H.2
You can also transfer images from the Viewing to the 3D task
card.
H.2
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3D Evaluation
Starting 3D evaluation
H.2
You call up 3D processing and load a 3D model in three steps:

H.2
Selecting images/series for

processing
H.2
First select the images or series that you want to display in three
dimensions in the Patient Browser or on the Viewing task
card.
H.2
In this step, you can select more than one series of one patient
for 3D processing.
H.2
Selecting a 3D display
method
H.2
After that, select a 3D method and transfer the images/series

selected to the 3D task card.
Page G.716, Transferring images to 3D
Page D.310, Processing images in 3D
H.2
Or
Drag & drop from the

Patient Browser
H.2
H.2
Transfer the images selected in the Patient Browser as an

MPR by dragging & dropping them onto the 3D task card.
images from the Browser onto the corresponding tab. The
task card moves into the foreground and the images are
loaded into the image area.
When transferring them, the system checks whether the
images and series that you selected are suitable for 3D postprocessing. If necessary, the system displays a message box
pointing out inconsistencies within the series.
H.2
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
A selection of images that are to be displayed in three dimensions must at least fulfill the following criteria:
H.2
All images must originate from one patient and from one
study.
At least 3 images must have been loaded to process 3D.
All images must be parallel and be located on one axis.
If you have selected only one series which also fulfills all the
above criteria, the images will be transferred to the 3D task card
and you can start processing them immediately.
H.2
In that case, turn straight to
Page H.41, Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR)
Page H.51, Maximum and Minimum Intensity Projection
Page H.61, Reconstructing Surfaces (SSD)
Page H.71, Volume Rendering Technique (VRT)
H.2
If you select several series or an unsuitable series, the Series

List is displayed.
H.2
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Displaying a series from

the Series List in three
dimensions
3D Evaluation
The last step is to select a series from the Series List and
transfer it to the 3D task card.
H.2
H.2
On the 3D task card, the selected series is displayed in three

dimensions in the selected method. You can now evaluate the
display.
H.2
You can only ever process one series at a time on the 3D task
card.
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
Calling the 3D task card
H.2
As soon as you have loaded images into the 3D task card you
may switch to other tasks and then return to the 3D task card to
continue processing the images.
H.2
H.2
Click on the card tab to return to the 3D task card.

The 3D task card is placed at the front in the same status you
have left the card.
H.2
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3D Evaluation
Series List
H.2
If the series you selected is not suitable for 3D display or if you

have selected more than one series for processing, you can see
the results of the selection check in the Series List dialog box.
H.2
Open Series List
H.2
You can also open the Series List explicitly, for example, to load
another series into the 3D task card.
Page H.212, Other series from the Series List
H.2
Call Patient > Open Series List... in the main menu of the
3D task card.
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
The dialog window 3D Series List is displayed. It is divided into

the following fields:
H.2
(1) Patient data

(2) Series suitable for 3D display (valid series)
(3) Series unsuitable for 3D display (invalid series)
Valid list
H.2
All the series suitable for a 3D reconstruction are shown in the

top list (valid list). Depending on how many series you have
selected, several lists might be displayed, from which, however,
you can only select and transfer one.
H.2
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Invalid List
H.2
3D Evaluation
All the series unsuitable for 3D reconstruction are displayed in

the lower list (Invalid series). Displayed next to the series data
you will also see a comment which gives a more detailed reason for rejection.
H.2
Your computer system only has a limited storage capacity.
Thus, the number of images for 3D display is also limited. In
the Series List box, you will find the images which can not be
loaded in the Invalid Series list.
Hiding the Invalid

Series list
H.2
H.2
You can hide the Invalid Series list to keep the Series List dialog box clear.
H.2
Click on the Show invalid series list check box to remove
the checkmark and deselect the option.
The screen display is updated immediately, the Valid Series list
is displayed larger. The Invalid Series list is no longer displayed.
H.2
If none of the series you selected is suitable for 3D display, so
that the Valid Series list is empty, you cannot hide the Invalid
Series list.
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
Merging series
H.2
If you have selected a series for 3D display whose examination

ranges overlap, you can decide in the Series List whether you
want these series to be merged to form a single series for your
3D model. In this way, it is possible to enlarge the volumes displayed or the image quality is improved.
H.2
The series that you want to merge must have been acquired
within 30 minutes of each other.
H.2
Select the Merge when possible option if you want to merge

suitable series.
The screen display is updated immediately.
H.2
If the series are MR acquisitions, then the system takes the

images of the first series in the first half of the overlap range
and the images of the second series in the second half of the
overlap range.
H.2
Deselect Merge when possible, if you want to separate

merged series again.
Deselect this option if you have selected multiple series at the
same position but at different times. If two or more series at
exactly the same position are available, only the most recent
will be used for Merge when possible option, all others will
be rejected.
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3D Evaluation
Transferring series to 3D
H.2
If the list of Valid Series contains more than one series which is
suitable for 3D display, you have to decide which series you
want to display and evaluate in three dimensions.
H.2
You can only ever display and process one series at a time on
the 3D task card.
Only medical images can be transferred into the 3D task card.
Double-click in the list of Valid Series on the series that you
want to process first.
Or
H.2
H.2
Select the series in the list and click on the button.

The series is passed on to the 3D task card and the Series List
dialog box is closed.
H.2
Close without transfer
H.2
H.2
Once you have transferred images to the Series List you can
stop processing, for example, processing images.
H.2
Click on Cancel to close the Series List dialog box.
You return to the Viewing task card or the Patient Browser.
H.2
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3D task card already busy
H.2
H.2
If you are processing another series on the 3D task card, the

Confirm dialog box is displayed.
H.2
Confirm with Yes to load the new series onto the 3D task
card and close the old series.
Or
H.2
Click on No if you want to continue processing the old series

on the 3D task card.
The new list is not transferred. The dialog window Series List
is displayed from which you can select a different list, for example.
H.2
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3D Evaluation
Or
H.2
H.2
To cancel transfer of the new series, click on the Cancel button.

You return to the Patient Browser or to the Viewing task card.
H.2
Other series from the Series List
H.2
At any time, you can also access the other series that you had
preselected for processing in the Series List from the 3D task
card.
H.2
Call up the Series List dialog box with Patient > Open
Series List....
Select another series and transfer it by clicking on the Select
button.
The series previously loaded is closed.
H.2
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
H.3
Working in 3D
H.3
Your data exists as a volume data set. A large variety of options

are available to you for generating and processing two-dimensional images.
H.3
Various orientation aids, e.g., the orientation cube, guide you
through the volume. They refer to a patient coordinate system
that displays the viewing direction or the image orientation. H.3
You can move around the volume to find the images relevant to
your diagnosis. To do that, use the Free View, the 3D cross-hair,
the dog ears, or rotate the image data set using the mouse. H.3
You have tools for region evaluation, measuring distances,
lengths, and angles, and for pixel evaluation.
H.3
Once you have generated a reference image you can reconstruct entire series in the view you want with the set output
types.
H.3
You first generate an image in the orientation that you need.
This is the reference image on which all subsequent working
steps are based (either the orientation or the viewing direction).
Then you select the output type, i.e. either MPR, MIP, MinIP,
SSD or VRT, or use the type already set.
H.3
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
The patient coordinate system
H.3
The orientation of the images is stated by a patient-related

coordinate system. In each image, this data tells you the direction from which you are looking at the patient (3D) and how a
slice (2D) is positioned in the region of interest.
H.3
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
Directions
Working in 3D
H.3
Directions are described as follows in the patient coordinate

system:
H.3
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
F for feet (from the feet to the head)

R for right (from the right to the left)
A for anterior (from anterior to posterior)
H for head (from the head to the feet)
L for left (from the left to the right)
P for posterior (from posterior to anterior)
The directions are displayed as orientation labels in the images.

Page H.36, Orientation labels
H.3
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Working in 3D
Anatomical standard
views
3D Evaluation
H.3
Viewing directions along one of the axes of the patient coordinate system are called anatomical standard views. The slices
which you look at in such views are designated:
H.3
(1) Sagittal slice

(2) Transversal slice
(3) Coronal slice
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
Working in 3D
Orientation aids in the image
H.3
Various aids are displayed for orientation in the image. They

show you from what direction you are looking at the image. H.3
Orientation description
H.3
H.3
For MR images, angle data is displayed that refers to the standard views (sagittal, transversal and coronal). If, for example,
you tip an image from the transversal viewing plane towards the
coronal plane, you can see by what angle you have rotated the
plane. You can also rotate the representation in a single plane.
If you rotate the image in the direction of the other viewing plane
(in this case sagittal), this angle of rotation, too, is indicated with
reference to the standard view.
H.3
The orientation description is also filmed and stored.
H.3
Orientation cube
H.3
H.3
The orientation cube is displayed on all images. It indicates the

position of the layer displayed with reference to the patient coordinate system.
Page H.32, The patient coordinate system
H.3
The cube is also filmed and saved together with the images.
H.3
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Working in 3D
Orientation labels
3D Evaluation
H.3
The orientation labels show you the orientation of the patient in

the image. They are identical with the directions in the patient
coordinate system and are not annotations that you can edit.
This text is always displayed in the center of the top and left
edge of the image.
H.3
L, R - left, right
Viewing direction sagittal from left or right
A, P - anterior, posterior
Viewing direction coronal from anterior or posterior
H, F - head, feet
Viewing direction transversal from head or feet
Page H.327, Setting standard views
When generating curved cuts or curved ranges, an orientation label in < > brackets is displayed.
Page H.410, Displaying images
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
Working in 3D
Image representation in 3D
H.3
The image area on the 3D task card is divided into four segments. The segments have different functions depending on the
mode you are currently working in.
H.3
Image area in reference mode
H.3
The first three segments are reference segments, the fourth

segment is an output segment.
H.3
Reference segments
H.3
In the three reference segments the images are first shown in

the views that are parallel and perpendicular to the direction of
scanning.
H.3
By turning and moving the views you can define the position
and orientation of the plane that is to be used as the reference
image for the reconstruction of images or series.
H.3
The reference segments are used to display different views of
the volume data set, while the reference display (the view) is
used as a reference for a 3D-reconstruction.
H.3
Output segment
H.3
The images and series generated by various tools on the basis

of the reference image are displayed in the output segment. H.3
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Reference segment (sagittal view)

Reference segment (coronal view)
Reference segment (transversal view)
Output segment
H.3
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
Working in 3D
Image information
H.3
Information about the patient, the examination and image data

are shown on the images.
H.3
You can configure which image text is to be displayed.
The image information displayed is always given in the same
place as shown in the figure below:
H.3
(1)
(2)
(9)
(8)
(2)
(7)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(1) Patient data

(2) Orientation labels
(3) Slice thickness
(only MPR, MPR Thick, MIP Thin, MinIP Thin)
(4) Image comment
(5) Automatic values of the pixel lens
(6) Window values
(7) Orientation cube
Page H.35, Orientation cube
(8) Orientation description
Page H.35, Orientation description
(9) Hospital / system information
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Of the standard text elements, the following elements are not

displayed:
H.3
Scan-specific settings
(normally in the bottom left corner)
Scale
(on the right edge)
It depends on the configuration settings whether or not the
orientation description is displayed.
Page H.142, Configuring image information
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
Working in 3D
Setting views in the volume data set
H.3
Three-dimensional image processing allows you to create

images in any orientations and positions within the data volume. You "move" through the volume and can rotate it in any
direction. Depending on the method you are using, various aids
are available to you.
H.3
Setting the reference image
H.3
Once you have loaded the images into the 3D task card you can
move through the 3D model using the aids provided on this task
card.
H.3
First generate a view you require. You can use this view as reference image as the basis for further processing. For example,
you can reconstruct parallel slice images on it.
H.3
First generate a view you require.
Click on the reference segment of the required view.
You can use this view as a reference image as the basis for further processing. The segment is now displayed with a thick border.
H.3
For example, you can reconstruct parallel slice images on it.
H.3
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Working in 3D
Selecting a reference
image
3D Evaluation
H.3
Set the view in which you want to perform subsequent 3D evaluation in one of the three reference segments. This view is then
your reference image.
H.3
Click on the segment in question to select the image.
The image is displayed with a thick border. In the example
H.3
below, it is the top left-hand segment.
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Working in 3D
Using the 3D cross hair
H.3
The lines through the cross hair (reference lines) indicate the
position of two slice planes that are perpendicular to each other
in the standard view (the lines represent the cut lines). The two
planes are displayed in the two other reference segments. H.3
You can recognize which slice image belongs to which cut lines
in the segment in question by the color of the reference lines
and the frame around the reference segments.
H.3
The top left-hand segment is surrounded by a red border. The
position of the corresponding image in the volume data set is
indicated in the two other reference segments by a red line.
Correspondingly, the position of the image in a blue border is
indicated by blue lines and that of the image in the green frame
by green lines.
H.3
The arrows indicate the viewing direction from which you view
a plane.
H.3
Broken lines indicate planes that are not perpendicular to the
view displayed.
H.3
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Working in 3D
Moving reference lines
3D Evaluation
H.3
H.3
You can now move through the views of the reference segments
in any direction using the lines.
H.3
Click on a line and move it holding the left mouse button
down.
Or
H.3
Click on the intersection of the lines to move both lines at the

same time.
As an alternative, you can move the reference lines to a target
position in jumps by mouse click.
H.3
Click a line to select it and then click the target position with
the left mouse button.
The reference line is moved there immediately.
H.3
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Working in 3D
Or
H.3
Select the entire reference image and click the target position with the left mouse button (no reference line selected).
Both lines are moved in such a way that the intersection is now
at the position you clicked.
H.3
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Working in 3D
Rotating by cross hair
3D Evaluation
H.3
You can change the view in a reference segment by turning the

corresponding line of the cross hair in one of the other two segments.
H.3
Enable rotation of the lines first by disabling fixed mode and
Free Mode.
H.3
H.3
Select Free Mode to activate free mode.
H.3
Now rotate the lines about the displayed point of rotation.

In this way, you create oblique planes (only one line is oblique)
or double-oblique planes (both lines are oblique).
H.3
If you want to freeze an angle, you can deselect the Free Mode
option again.
H.3
H.3
Click on the active button.
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3D Evaluation
Working in 3D
Paging with the dog ears
H.3
When you set the output types MPR, MPR Thick, MIP Thin or
MinIP Thin, you will see dog ears in the top right-hand corner of
the reference segments.
H.3
You can move slice by slice forwards or backwards through the
volume using the dog ears. The corresponding line of the cross
hair in another segment moves in parallel.
H.3
(1) Page backwards

(2) Page forwards
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Shifting
H.3
An interactive equivalent to the dog ear is Shifting. You can

move slice by slice forwards or backwards through the volume.
The other segments are updated simultaneously.
H.3
Shifting with the mouse
H.3
Click in the segment you want to scroll.

Call up Orientation > Shift in the main menu.
Or
H.3
H.3
Activate the parallel shift option via Smart Select (right

mouse click).
Page H.338, Smart Select
H.3
H.3

H.3
Shifting with the

keyboard
H.3
Scroll from image to image in a stack with the Image+ or

Image- keys of your keyboard.
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Working in 3D
Rotating the volume with the mouse
H.3
You can also create oblique and double-oblique images by

rotating the image display in one of the segments with the
mouse.
H.3
Call up Orientation > Rotate Images.
Or
H.3
H.3
Click on the button in the upper part of the control area.

Or
H.3
Call up rotate object with Smart Select.
H.3
When you position the mouse cursor on the segment, the

cursor changes shape.
Move the mouse cursor keeping the left mouse button
pressed down.
Moving the mouse from the center of the segment to the top,
bottom, left, or right tilts the object in the corresponding
direction.
Moving the mouse along the border of the segment spins the
object in the plane in the corresponding direction.
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H.319
Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Rotating around one axis (oblique cut

planes)
H.3
For oblique slices, you rotate a slice around one axis of the
patient coordinate system starting from the standard view. H.3
The orientation is displayed in the image as a combination of
two orientation labels. This designation is comparable with the
designations used on a compass, e.g. NW for north-west.
H.3
One of the two reference lines in the image is now dotted. The
corresponding plane is therefore oblique in relation to the displayed image.
H.3
Two different directions of rotation (around an axis) exist for
each standard view, each of which are explained graphically in
the following examples.
H.3
In the following examples, the patient is positioned head first,
supine.
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Working in 3D
Transversal slice
H.3
You can rotate a transversal slice toward the coronal or sagittal

plane.
H.3
Rotation of the transversal slice toward the sagittal slice (left
example)
Rotation of the transversal slice toward the coronal slice
(right example)
H Tra
Sag
RH
F
Sag
Tra
Tra
Cor
Cor Cor
F
H.3
H.3
H.3
RF
AH
Depending on the direction of rotation, further combinations of

orientation labels are displayed, e.g. RH, LF, AH, PF.
H.3
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Sagittal slice
You can rotate a sagittal slice toward the transversal or coronal

plane.
H.3
H.3
Rotation of the sagittal slice toward the transversal slice (left

example)
Rotation of the sagittal slice toward the coronal slice (right
example)
A
Sag
Tra
Sag
H
Tra
Cor
Cor
HL
AR
Depending on the direction of rotation, other combinations of

orientation labels such as AL, PR, HR or PL can also result. H.3
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3D Evaluation
Working in 3D
Coronal slice
H.3
You can rotate a coronal slice toward the transversal or sagittal

plane.
H.3
Rotation of the coronal slice toward the transversal slice (left
example)
Rotation of the coronal slice toward the sagittal slice (right
example)
Sag
Tra
H
Sag
H
Cor
Cor
HA
Tra
RA
Depending on the direction of rotation, other combinations of

orientation labels such as RH, HP, FA or LF can result.
H.3
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Rotating around two axes (double-oblique cut

planes)
H.3
You obtain cut planes in two axes whenever you rotate one slice
around two different patient coordinate axes one after the other.
The plane is then no longer perpendicular to either of the coordinate axes. The image orientation is displayed as a combination of three orientation labels.
H.3
A
Sag
Tra
Sag
HRP
Cor
Cor
(1)
Tra
(2)
AR
(3)
(1) Rotation of the sagittal slice toward transversal slice

(2) Rotation of the Sag/Tra slice toward coronal
(3) Resulting view
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3D Evaluation
Working in 3D
Controlling image orientation
H.3
If you rotate the image in a reference segment, the viewing

angle changes. To make orientation easier for you in such
images, orientation markers are displayed in the images.
H.3
Preferred directions
H.3
The program also uses the following preferred directions for

image orientation/rotation within the selected cut plane:
H.3
A
A
A
H H.3
H
A H.3
A
R
R
R H.3
HH H.3
R H.3
R
R
(1) In a sagittal view, the images are displayed anterior-head

(front of the patient left and head up). The orientation label
H is at the top.
(2) In a transversal view, the images are right-anterior (front
up, viewing direction towards the head). The orientation
label A is at the top.
(3) In a coronal view, the images are right-head (front, head
up). The orientation label H is at the top.
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Automatic orientation
control
PH
H.3
If you rotate and tip an image from the sagittal plane towards
the transversal plane, for example, you eventually find yourself
in the transversal view. The program then rotates the image by
another 90 to display it in a preferred direction again, i.e. from
anterior-head to right-anterior.
H.3
AF
Call up Orientation > Orientation Control in the main menu

to activate this orientation control.
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Working in 3D
Setting standard views
H.3
The standard views are used as a starting point for processing

images on the 3D task card.
H.3
You can set views for individual segments independently. For
example, you can select a different view for each segment or
define the same view in all segments.
H.3
Transversal view
H.3
H.3
In the transversal view you view the tomographic images of the

patient perpendicular to the patient axis (axis that runs from the
head to the feet of the patient).
Your viewing direction is therefore from top or from bottom, i.e.
cranio-caudal or caudo-cranial.
H.3
H.3
Call up Orientation > Head to Feet, or click on the button on

the Orientation tool card.
The viewing direction changes to transversal, cranio > caudal,
i.e. from head to feet.
H.3
Or
H.3
H.3
Call up Orientation > Feet to Head or click on the button on

The viewing direction changes to transversal, caudo > cranial,
i.e. from feet to head.
H.3
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Working in 3D
Sagittal view
3D Evaluation
H.3
H.3
H.3
In the sagittal view, you view the patient from the side (from the
left or from the right).
H.3
H.3
Call up Orientation > Left to Right or click on the button on

The viewing direction changes to sagittal left. You view the
patient from the left side.
H.3
Or
H.3
H.3
Call up Orientation > Right to Left or click on the button on

The viewing direction changes to sagittal right. You view the
patient from the right-hand side.
H.3
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3D Evaluation
Coronal view
Working in 3D
H.3
H.3
H.3
In the coronal view, you view the patient from the front or the
rear.
H.3
H.3
Call up Orientation > Front to Back or click on the button

on the Orientation tool card.
The viewing angle changes to anterior coronal. You view the
patient from the front.
H.3
Or
H.3
H.3
Call up Orientation > Back to Front or click on the button

on the Orientation tool card.
The viewing angle changes to posterior coronal. You view the
patient from the rear.
H.3
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Working in 3D
Restoring the standard

view
3D Evaluation
H.3
The standard views serve as orientation aids. You can return to

the standard view from any other view and start your processing
again.
H.3
Call up Orientation > Default Orientation to restore the

view set at the beginning of processing.
Or
H.3
H.3
Click on the Default Orientation button on the Orientation

tool card.
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Working in 3D
Fixing the angle
H.3
As soon as you have set a view to a particular viewing angle,

you can set that angle. After that, you can no longer rotate the
reference lines, only move them.
H.3
Call Orientation > Free Mode (checkmark disappears) to
move the lines in parallel only.
Or
H.3
Active
H.3
Click on the active button Free Mode in the upper part of the
control area to deselect the option.
Not active
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Working in 3D
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The angle between the reference lines remains constant. The

reference lines now show the standard view.
H.3
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View perpendicular to
reference image
(Ortho Sync)
Working in 3D
H.3
Usually, you activate the orthogonal view to display slices along

the main axis of an organ, e.g. the heart. In order to do this you
first set the view in the reference image.
H.3
Call up Orientation > Ortho Sync.
Or
H.3
H.3
Click on the Ortho Sync button in the upper part of the control area.
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Views are now displayed in the other reference segments which

are perpendicular to the reference image, in the example below
the top left-hand image.
H.3
These images do not have to be perpendicular to the patient
coordinate system.
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Blow Up Segment
H.3
You can blow up each of the reference segments for a detailed

evaluation. Instead of the four image segments, a single view of
the selected segment is displayed.
H.3
Activating Blow Up
H.3
H.3
Call up View > Blow Up Segment.

Or
H.3
Double-click on the selected segment.
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The single view of the selected segment is now displayed.
H.3
You can apply the same functions to the enlarged display as to

the 2:2 division.
H.3
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Deactivating Blow Up
Working in 3D
H.3
If you want to return to the normal view, deactivate the option

Blow Up again.
H.3
Call up View > Blow Up Segment in the main menu again.
Or
H.3
Double-click on the single view.

Blow-up is automatically undone, if a blow-up segment is
emptied (e.g. VOI mode is terminated) or if the display mode
is changed, e.g. with Fusion.
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Smart Select
H.3
You use Smart Select to switch functions directly in the image

segment without calling up the relevant menus.
H.3
Explicit mode
H.3
Place the mouse cursor in the segment and keep the right
A graphical popup menu is displayed.
H.3
Drag the mouse cursor onto one of the four menu items and
release the mouse button again.
You can now apply the selected mouse option in the usual way
with the left mouse button.
H.3
Move the mouse over the central frame and release the
mouse button.
The frame will be highlighted in blue and any of the four options
will be switched off.
H.3
Implicit mode
H.3
If you are already familiar with the special function Smart

Select you do not need to call up the popup menu. You can simply drag the mouse in the required direction keeping the right
mouse button pressed in order to select a certain option.
H.3
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Working in 3D
Defining output types
H.3
You can change the output type for a segment at any time, i.e.
from multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) to maximum (MIP) and
(MinIP) intensity projection, to surface shaded display (SSD), or
to volume rendering technique (VRT).
H.3
Depending on your working method, you will first generate a reference image, for example, in MPR in the desired view and then
switch to MIP, MinIP, SSD or VRT display.
H.3
Click on the segment for which you want to change the output type.
If you want to switch over all segments, you must select and
switch over each one separately, one after the other.
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Setting MPR
H.3
With multiplanar reconstruction you can generate tomographic

images in a view and position that you define in the volume data
set.
H.3
H.3
Call up Type > MPR or click on the MPR button on subtask

card Type.
Or
H.3
Transfer the images directly from the Patient Browser or the

Viewing task card to MPR mode.
H.3
H.3
Call up Applications > 3D > MPR or click on the button

MPR.
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Working in 3D
Setting MIP
H.3
The maximum intensity projection uses the most intensive grayscale values of the images for reconstruction. For example, in
contrast medium examinations, blood vessels are those structures with the most intensive values. The system considers
these voxels. The MIP display is therefore especially suitable for
vascular examinations.
H.3
H.3
Call up Type > MIP or click on the MIP button on subtask

card Type.
The output type in the selected segment is switched over.
H.3
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Or
H.3

Viewing task card to MIP mode.
H.3
Call Applications > 3D > MIP.
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Working in 3D
Setting MinIP
H.3
The minimum intensity projection uses the least intensive grayscale values of the images for reconstruction. The MinIP display
is therefore especially suitable for examinations of the lung. H.3
Call Type > MinIP.
The output type in the selected segment is switched over.
H.3
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Setting SSD
H.3
After you have generated a reference image, you can also generate a surface structure in this view.
Page H.311, Setting the reference image
H.3
You can display both complete volume data sets and previously defined partial volumes (VOIs, volumes of interest) in
SSD display.
Page H.56, Extracting a volume of interest (VOI)
Call up Type > SSD.
Or
H.3
H.3
Click on the SSD button on the Type subtask card.

A surface view is generated in the selected segment. Your system uses modality-specific default gray-scale values as threshold values to extract the surface.
H.3
Or
H.3

Viewing task card to SSD mode.
H.3
Call Applications > 3D > SSD.
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The Threshold dialog box is displayed.
H.3
There you can enter threshold values yourself and start SSD
extraction.
Page H.63, SSD reconstruction with changed thresholds H.3
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Setting VRT
H.3
With the volume rendering technique you can generate true

color images in which the entire volume data set is displayed.
The VRT display provides the most information about the examined volume data set.
H.3
In the 3D card
H.3
H.3
Call up Type > VRT or click on the VRT button on subtask

card Type.
A three-dimensional image is generated in the selected segment. The system uses the preset parameter data sets for the
display.
H.3
The VRT Gallery is supplied with a series of predefined
parameter data sets. You can change these parameter data
sets.
Page H.711, VRT Definition
H.3
In the Viewing or
Patient Browser card
H.3

Viewing task card to VRT mode.
H.3
Select the examination or series that you want to edit in 3D.
Call Applications > 3D > VRT.
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Working in 3D
3D task card with mixed output types
H.3
You can set the three output types independently of each other
in the three reference segments.
H.3
(1) MPR image

(2) MIP image
(3) SSD image
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Free View
H.3
With Free View you can isolate a part of the data set volume by
using clip planes and the clip box and, in that way, hide the area
you do not require.
H.3
Calling up Free View
H.3
You can call up Free View via main menu or via icon in the subtask card.
H.3
Select a segment.
Call up Settings > Free View in the main menu.
Or
H.3
H.3
Click on the Free View button in the Settings subtask card.

In the right lower segment the volume will be displayed in Free
View.
H.3
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Working in 3D
(1) Reference segments (MPR)

(2) Free View segment (VRT)
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Working in 3D
Graphics
3D Evaluation
H.3
You can call up the auxiliary lines as an aid to orientation when

rotating the volume and changing the clip plane.
H.3
The clip box surrounds the entire volume displayed, the clip
planes indicate the position of the defined intersection planes.H.3
(1) Clip Box

(2) Clip Plane
(3) Clip Plane Slab Mode button
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Common interactions in the free view

segment
H.3
You can rotate, pan and zoom the volume displayed in the free
view segment.
H.3
Rotate Object
H.3
H.3
H.3
Click the Rotate Images button in the control area of the 3D

card.
Or
H.3
H.3
Activate the rotate object option via Smart Select.
Or
H.3
Select Orientation > Rotate Images in the main menu.

Zoom/Pan
H.3
H.3
Click the Zoom/Pan button in the control area of the 3D card.

Or
H.3
Activate the zoom/pan option via Smart Select.

Or
H.3
Select Image > Zoom/Pan in the main menu.
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Interactions with the clipbox
H.3
You can change the position and size of the clipbox.
H.3
You cannot perform clip plane and clipbox interaction simultaneously.

Calling up the VOI
clipbox
Call up Settings > VOI Clipbox to access the VOI mode.

H.3
H.3
H.3
Or
H.3
Click on the VOI Clipbox button on the Settings subtask

card.
The clipbox graphics will be displayed in the free view segment.
H.3
H.3
Changing the size
H.3
Move the mouse cursor over the center of the clipbox side
until the border frame of the clip box side becomes highlighted blue.
The cursor shape changes.
H.3
Drag the mouse cursor keeping the left mouse button

pressed in order to shift the side of the clipbox.
The clipbox cannot be moved as a whole.
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Working in 3D
Measurements in 3D
H.3
On the 3D task card, you have tools for region evaluation, measuring distances, lengths, and angles, and for pixel evaluation.H.3
You can annotate images with image texts in order to document
your evaluation.
H.3
H.3
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Measurements in projected images
H.3
Consequence: False diagnostics possible.
H.3
Remedy: Do not use angle, distance, polygon, rectangle

and ROI measurements in projected images for diagnostic
purposes.
H.3
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Measuring distances
H.3
You can measure distances and angles in images.
H.3
Using a distance line, you can measure the distance between

two points in an image.
H.3
H.3
Drawing a distance line
H.3
Call up Tools > 2D Distance.

Or
H.3
H.3
Click on the 2D Distance button of the Image subtask card.
H.3

H.3
Place the mouse cursor on the starting point of the distance

line.
Hold the left mouse button down and drag out a line.
As soon as you move the mouse, the length of the straight line
you have drawn so far is displayed.
H.3
Release the mouse button to finish the line.
The distance and the minimum and maximum gray scale values
are displayed.
H.3
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(1) Center
Center of the line
(2) Distance
Distance between the beginning and end point
(3) Min/Max
Minimum/maximum gray scale value on the straight line
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Working in 3D
Changing the distance

line
3D Evaluation
Click on a distance line with the left mouse button.

H.3
Or
H.3

At positions at which you can edit the line, the mouse cursor
changes shape.
H.3
H.3
Drag the starting or end point of the line to another position.

The distance is updated as soon as you move the mouse cursor.
H.3
Or
H.3
H.3
Move the entire distance line to another location.
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Working in 3D
H.3
You can measure not only the direct distance between two
points, but also the length of a structure, i.e. a blood vessel, by
drawing the shape with a freehand line.
H.3
Call up Tools > 2D Freehand Distance.

H.3
Place the mouse cursor in the segment and click on the starting point of your line with the left mouse button.
H.3
Click on the first point at which you want your line to change
direction.
Then click on the next point etc. until you have drawn the
entire freehand line point by point.
The length of the line and the minimum and maximum gray
scale values are displayed.
H.3
Or
H.3
H.3
Click on the starting point of your freehand line with the left
mouse button.
Draw the structure with the left mouse button pressed.
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After you have completed your freehand line, the following values are displayed.
H.3
(1) Distance
Length of the line
(2) Min/Max
Minimum and maximum gray scale value on the line
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Working in 3D
Measuring angles
H.3
You can define an angle by two lines, that you draw on the
image. The system then calculates the angle between the two
lines drawn in clockwise direction. If the angle is greater than
180, the program subtracts 180.
H.3
A
A
A
(1)
(2)
B
(3)
The direction of the arrow indicates the direction in which you

have drawn the legs of the angle.
H.3
(1) Both legs were drawn in the direction of the intersection.
The angle A between the legs is displayed.
(2) Both legs were drawn away from the intersection. The
angle A between the legs is displayed.
(3) Otherwise, the angle B (A - 180) is displayed.
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Call up Tools > Angle.

Place the mouse cursor on a starting point for the first leg.
Drag a line to the end point of the first leg holding the left
Draw the second line in the same way.
As soon as you start to draw the second leg, the angle size will
be calculated.
H.3
The two lines between which you want to measure an angle
do not have to intersect in the image. The program automatically calculates the point of intersection even if you have not
drawn it or if it is beyond the edge of the image.
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Working in 3D
The two legs of an angle are assigned the same number so you
can distinguish several angles unambiguously.
H.3
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Working in 3D
Changing an angle
3D Evaluation
H.3
You can change the legs of an angle independently.
H.3
Move the mouse cursor into the image.

At those positions at which you can change a leg of an angle,
H.3
the shape of the mouse cursor changes.
Move the entire line or drag an end point to another location.
The angle is constantly updated.
H.3
H.3
N OT E
If the angle approximates to 90, 180, 270, it is not clear
whether the angle between the legs or the supplementary
angle has been entered.
H.3
Label the angle with an annotation when you display the
supplementary angle.
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Working in 3D
Drawing ROIs
H.3
You can mark anomalies in the images and then evaluate these
regions. To do this you draw a ROI graphic around the region of
particular interest to you. You can now evaluate the gray scales
within this ROI statistically.
H.3
Rectangular and circular
ROIs
H.3
You can draw around the regions that are of special interest with
a rectangle or circle and evaluate them. First select the tool. H.3
Call up Tools > Circle or Tools > Rectangle.
H.3
Click on the image and draw the ROI (rectangle or circle)

while holding the mouse button pressed.
Release the mouse button as soon as the ROI has the
desired size.
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Working in 3D
Resizing/moving regions
3D Evaluation
H.3
H.3
If your rectangle or circle is too small or too large or is not quite

in the right position, you can still change the ROI. As soon as
you move the mouse over the ROI the cursor changes shape
and you can alter the graphics.
H.3
Click on the border of the ROI to select it.
Or
H.3
Place the mouse cursor on the border of the ROI.
H.3
Enlarge or reduce the region using the grab handles until it

meets your requirements.
Or
H.3
Move the region in the image by positioning the cursor on the

border line between the grab handles.
H.3
You can move a small circle ROI easier by pressing the Alt
key.
The cursor then switches into the move mode automatically.
H.3
No center is displayed for circular ROIs.

Move a rectangle by pressing the ALT key and clicking on
one of the corners.
Or
H.3
Move a rectangle by positioning the cursor on the border line.
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Drawing freehand ROIs
Working in 3D
H.3
If a circle or rectangle is too imprecise to describe your ROI, you

can draw a polygon or freehand region instead. This way you
can draw the region that is of interest to you more precisely.
H.3
Call up Tools > Freehand ROI.

H.3
H.3
Click on the image to determine the starting point and drag a

line to the first vertex (turning point) with the mouse.
Draw the region point to point by clicking with the mouse at
each change of direction (polygon definition).
Double-click on the last vertex.
The system closes your graphic.
H.3
Or
H.3
H.3
Click on the image to determine a starting point.

Hold the mouse button pressed and move the mouse around
your region of interest.
Double-click on the end point to close your region.
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The program will connect the starting point and the end point
and display the freehand ROI.
H.3
You can also mix both kinds.
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Evaluating ROIs
Working in 3D
H.3
As soon as you have drawn a border around the regions of

interest with a circle, rectangle or freehand line, a statistical
evaluation of the ROI will be displayed.
H.3
The ROIs are now numbered. To avoid confusion, the number
of a ROI is shown in front of every evaluation result.
H.3
(1) Limits
Evaluated gray scale range. The limits are taken into
account in the following evaluations
(2) Min/Max
Highest and lowest gray scale value
(3) Mean/SD
Mean value and standard deviation of the gray scales
(4) Pixels
Number of pixels in the ROI
(5) Area
Area of the ROI in cm2
You can move the text block of the evaluation results to any
location in the image.
H.3
Click on the text block and move it with the mouse.
When evaluations are done on PET images, or fused images
with PET share, SUV values for quantitative measurements
are displayed.
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Evaluating pixels, pixel lens
H.3
With the pixel lens, you can display the average value of the
gray scales of a small area of 55 pixels.
H.3
Call up Tools > Pixel Lens.
Or
H.3
H.3
H.3
Click on the Pixel Lens button on the Image subtask card.
The cursor changes shape. The pixel value at the position of the
cursor in the image is displayed.
H.3
Displaying pixel values

permanently
H.3
You can have the values of pixels that are especially interesting
to you displayed permanently in the image.
H.3
Click on the image with the left mouse button.
The pixel is marked, the pixel value is displayed next to the
H.3
marker.
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Working in 3D
You can also move a permanently displayed pixel marker of

this type, the value is then updated.
H.3
NOTE
This pixel has a constant size and is independent of the
zoom factor of the image.
H.3
On PET images the pixel lens displays SUV values.
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Text in images
H.3
You can annotate interesting or anomalous areas of the

images. You can edit annotations that you entered earlier at any
time.
H.3
Anchored annotation
text
H.3
You can write text marked with an arrow, pull open an arrow
keeping the left mouse button pressed and then write your text
in the text input field (end position of the arrow).
H.3
Call up Tools > Annotate.

Or
H.3
H.3
H.3
Click on the Annotate Text button on the Image subtask

card.

H.3
Or
H.3
Click on the desired location in the image, drag the mouse

and release the mouse button.
The mouse cursor becomes a text cursor.
H.3
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Working in 3D
H.3
Now enter your text.

H.3
Confirm your text entry with the Return key.

Or
H.3

H.3
The text is displayed white with shading.
H.3
You cannot change the font size or the alignment of the text.
H.3
Moving text
H.3
H.3
Click on the text with the left mouse button.

H.3
Drag the text to the new position.
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Generating series from 3D images
H.3
In most cases, the result of your 3D evaluation will be the reconstruction of entire series of images. To do that, first select a reference image in the view that you require.
Page H.312, Selecting a reference image
H.3
Depending on the output type you are using, the following
options will be available to you:
H.3
Series of parallel tomographic images
Series of the curved ranges
Radial series
Expanded ranges
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Series of parallel
tomographic images
Working in 3D
H.3
With this option you generate series of cut images that are parallel to one another and perpendicular to the reference image
for the output types MPR, MPR Thick and MIP Thin, MinIP Thin,
VRT Thin.
H.3
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Volume data set

Reference image
Parallel tomographic images
Volume used for projection (MIP Thin, MinIP Thin, VRT
Thin)
(5) Direction of projection (MIP Thin, MinIP Thin, VRT Thin)
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Working in 3D
Curved ranges
3D Evaluation
H.3
With this option you generate series of curved cut images that
are parallel to one another for the output types MPR, MPR
Thick, MIP Thin and MinIP Thin.
H.3
(1) Volume data set

(2) Reference image
(3) Parallel tomographic images
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Radial series
Working in 3D
H.3
For output types MPR, MPR Thick,MIP Thin, MinIP Thin and
VRT Thin you generate a series of cut images arranged in a star
shape. For output types MIP, MinIP, SSD and VRT you generate
a series of projections and views of the volume each rotated
around a defined angle.
H.3
(1) Volume data set

(2) Reference image
(3) Radial tomographic
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Working in 3D
Expanded ranges
3D Evaluation
H.3
With this option you generate tomographic images that are

located in front of or behind the reference image. This option,
too, is only available for output types MPR, MPR Thick or MIP
Thin, MinIP Thin, VRT Thin.
H.3
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Volume data set

Range in front the reference image
Reference image
Range behind the reference image
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Working in 3D
Generating parallel images
H.3
In a series of parallel tomographic images, you generate

images that are parallel and a defined distance apart, and perpendicular to the reference image. This is equivalent to a stepby-step offset of a reference line of the 3D cross hair.
H.3
Select a continuous reference line to define the position of
the reconstructed images with that line.
The reference line that you select represents an image in one
of the two other reference segments. This image must be of
the required output type, i.e. MPR, MPR Thick or MIP Thin or
MinIP Thin.
Page H.313, Using the 3D cross hair
The presets or the last selected settings are used if no continuous reference line is selected.
Calling up Parallel
Ranges
Call up Settings > Parallel Ranges.

H.3
H.3
Or
H.3
Click on the Parallel Ranges button on the Settings subtask

card.
In the reference segment, the positions of the parallel tomographic images are shown graphically. The tomographic image
of the selected reference line (preview) is displayed in the output segment.
H.3
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Working in 3D

new series
3D Evaluation
H.3
The lines in the output segment show the position of the individual images. The arrows indicate the viewing direction.
H.3
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Start line (marked by number 1)

Reference line
End line
Arrows indicate the viewing direction
Image numbers in one series
Distance and thickness
If the series is made up of many images, not all the lines are
displayed in the graphic. The inside lines are then displayed
in green.
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Working in 3D
Parallel Ranges dialog

box
H.3
Loading default settings
H.3
The dialog box Parallel Ranges is displayed as soon as you

called up Settings > Parallel Ranges....
H.3
Default parameter settings with individual designations for generating parallel series are stored in your system. You can
access these parameters with the selection button Presets and
call up a parameter setting adapted to your requirements.
H.3
If no parameter set exists that is suitable for your diagnostic
problem, load a similar parameter set and then edit it.
H.3
Select the parameter set you want from the selection list.
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Working in 3D
Changing a range
numerically
3D Evaluation
H.3
H.3
Enter the required number of parallel tomographic images

using the spin box or the input field.
Enter at least three images.
Enter the distance between the individual images in the input

field and confirm your entry with the Return key.
H.3
H.3
Enter the slice thickness of the result image and confirm your
entry with the Return key.
Page H.43, Changing the slice thickness (MPR Thick)
Click on the Horizontal Ranges button.
This is how you generate a series whose intersection planes
are horizontal in the center of the reference image.
H.3
Or
H.3
H.3
Click on the button Vertical Ranges.

This is how you generate a series whose intersection planes
H.3
are vertical in the center of the reference image.
H.3
Click on the button Swap Range Order to reverse the existing image numbering of the series.
The graphic display of the series on the reference segment
changes according to your settings. A new preview image is
reconstructed in the output segment.
H.3
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Changing the range with

the mouse
Working in 3D
H.3
You can also increase or reduce the area of a series calculation

by moving the starting line or end line with the mouse. The
image that corresponds to the line you have just processed is
displayed in the output segment.
Page H.378, Graphic display of the new series
H.3
Click on the starting or end line and move the line holding the
left mouse button down.
The number of images changes accordingly (is increased or
decreased). The distance between the cut images remains the
same.
H.3
Or
H.3
H.3
Click on the Keep No. of Images Constant icon and move

the starting or end line holding the left mouse button down.
The distance between the cut images changes accordingly (is
increased or decreased). The number of images remains the
same.
H.3
The values in the Parallel Ranges dialog box change in
accordance with the changes in the graphic display.
H.3
H.3
Move the entire range by clicking on the point of rotation of

the reference line and moving the mouse with the left mouse
button pressed.
Rotate the entire range by clicking on the reference line and
moving the mouse cursor around the point of rotation with
the mouse button pressed.
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Working in 3D
Starting reconstruction
3D Evaluation
H.3
H.3
If all the settings are as you require them, you can start reconstruction.
H.3
Click on the Start button to create the series of parallel tomographic images.
A message box is displayed in which you are informed about
the progress of reconstruction. Each image is displayed in the
output segment as soon as it has been calculated.
H.3
Canceling reconstruction
H.3
You can cancel reconstruction at any time.
H.3
Click on Cancel in the progress box.
H.3
All the images already reconstructed are displayed in the output

H.3
segment.
Even if you have pressed Cancel, all the images you have so
far reconstructed are saved if the auto-store function is
active.
Page H.145, Activating automatic storage
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Terminating
reconstruction
Working in 3D
H.3
After reconstruction has been completed, the last image of the

range, i.e. the image of the end line, is displayed in the output
segment.
H.3
Each image of the series is assigned automatically an image

number.
Click on the dog ear in the top right-hand corner of the output
segment and page through the stack to display another
image of the new series.
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Working in 3D
Saving a series
3D Evaluation
H.3
When the series meets your requirements:
H.3
Save your new series.

Page H.122, Storing 3D images manually
If the option Enable auto-store has been activated in the
configuration, the series is automatically saved.
If the option Include the reference image when saving
ranges or curved cuts has been activated the reference
image is also saved.
Saving a parameter set
H.3
H.3
H.3
If you want use the parameter set again in the future, we recommend that you store it in the system.
H.3
Enter a suitable name and confirm with the Return key.
Click on the Save button to save the parameter set.
Page H.3115, Saving a parameter set with presets
The next time you load, the presets are assigned to the series
that contain the name entered as the first part of their name.
H.3
Deleting a parameter set
H.3
You can delete parameter sets that you no longer require for
editing parallel series from the selection list Presets.
H.3
H.3
Select the existing parameter set from the selection list.
H.3
Click on the Delete button to delete the parameter data set.
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Working in 3D
H.3
When you have finished editing, click on this button to return

to the original mode.
If you have not stored the reconstructed series, the following
dialog box is displayed:
H.3
H.3
H.3
H.3
Click on Yes to save the series.

The Parallel Ranges dialog box is closed.
H.3
Or
H.3
Click on No to reject the series.

The dialog box is closed.
H.3
Or
H.3
Click on Cancel to continue processing the series.

The Parallel Ranges dialog box is still open.
H.3
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Postprocessing series of parallel images
H.3
If the reconstructed range of the series is not as you require it,

you can adapt it either graphically or in the Parallel Ranges
dialog box.
H.3
If you generate a new series by changing the values, a query
appears asking whether you want to store or reject the old
series.
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Working in 3D
Generating curved ranges
H.3
In a series of curved parallel tomographic images, you generate images that are parallel and a defined distance apart.
H.3
The reference line that you draw represents an image in one

of the two other reference segments. This image must be of
the required output type, i.e. MPR, MPR Thick, MIP Thin or
MinIP Thin.
The presets or the last selected settings are used if no continuous reference line is selected.
Select a segment.
Calling up Curved
Ranges
Call up Settings > Curved Ranges.

H.3
H.3
Or
H.3
Click on the Curved Ranges button on the Settings subtask

card.
H.3
Draw a reference line by holding the left mouse button

pressed and double-click.
In the selected reference segment, the positions of the parallel
curved tomographic images are shown graphically. The tomographic image of the drawn reference line is displayed in the
output segment.
H.3
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Working in 3D

new series
3D Evaluation
H.3
The lines show the position of the individual images of the created series.
H.3
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Start line (marked by number 1)

Reference line
End line
Arrows indicate the viewing direction
Distance and thickness
If the series is made up of many images, not all the lines are
displayed in the graphic. The inside lines are then displayed
in green.
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Working in 3D
Curved Ranges dialog

box
H.3
H.3
The dialog box Curved Ranges is displayed as soon as you call

up Settings > Curved Ranges....
H.3
Default parameter settings with individual designations for generating parallel series are stored in your system. You can
access these parameters with the selection button Presets and
call up a parameter setting adapted to your requirements.
H.3
H.3
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Working in 3D
Changing a range
numerically
3D Evaluation
H.3
H.3
Enter the required number of parallel tomographic images

using the spin box or the input field.
Enter at least three images.
Enter the distance between the individual images in the input

field and confirm your entry with the Return key.
H.3
H.3
Enter the slice thickness of the result image and confirm your
entry with the Return key.
The graphic display of the series on the reference segment
changes according to your settings. A new preview image is
H.3
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Operator Manual
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the mouse
Working in 3D
H.3
You can also increase or reduce the area of a series calculation

by moving the starting line or end line with the mouse. The
image that corresponds to the line you have just processed is
displayed in the output segment.
Page H.378, Graphic display of the new series
H.3
decreased). The distance between the cut images remains the
same.
H.3
Or
H.3
H.3

increased or decreased). The number of images remains the
same.
H.3
The values in the Curved Ranges dialog box change in
accordance with the changes in the graphic display.
H.3
Move the entire range by clicking on the point of rotation of

the reference line and moving the mouse with the left mouse
button pressed.
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
H.3
H.3
H.3
Click on the Start button to create the series of parallel tomographic images.
A message box is displayed in which you are informed about
the progress of reconstruction. Each image is displayed in the
output segment as soon as it has been calculated.
H.3
Canceling reconstruction
H.3
You can cancel reconstruction at any time.
H.3
Click on Cancel in the progress box.
H.3
All the images already reconstructed are displayed in the output

H.3
segment.
Even if you have pressed Cancel, all the images you have so
far reconstructed are saved if the auto-store function is
active.
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Terminating
reconstruction
Working in 3D
H.3
After reconstruction has been completed, the last image of the

range, i.e. the image of the end line, is displayed in the output
segment.
H.3
An image number is automatically assigned to each image of

the series.
Click on the dog ear in the top right-hand corner of the output
segment and page through the stack to display another
image of the new series.
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H.393
Working in 3D
Saving a series
3D Evaluation
H.3
H.3

H.3
H.3
H.3
H.3
H.3
H.3
editing parallel series from the selection list Presets.
H.3
H.3
H.3
Click on the button to delete the parameter data set.
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Working in 3D
H.3
When you have finished editing, click on this button to return

to the original mode.
H.3
H.3
H.3
H.3

H.3
Or
H.3

H.3
Or
H.3

The dialog box is still open.
H.3
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Postprocessing series of curved images
H.3
If the reconstructed range of the series is not as you require it,

you can adapt it either graphically or in the Curved Ranges dialog box.
H.3
You postprocess a series of curved images the same way you
do with curved cuts.
Page H.410, Displaying images
H.3
If you generate a new series by changing the values, a query
appears asking whether you want to store or reject the old
series.
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Working in 3D
Generating an expanded range
H.3
Use the expanded range if you want to generate a series of

images that are located in front of or behind the reference
image. In this way, you simulate scrolling through the image
stack with the dog ears.
H.3
It is not possible to define an expanded range graphically with
the mouse. You can only define it using standard values in the
Expand Ranges dialog box.
H.3
First select a reference image that contains the view of your
choice.
Output type MPR, MPR Thick, MIP, MIP Thin or MinIP Thin
must be set in this reference segment.
H.3
Call up Settings > Expand Ranges.
A preview of the expanded range is displayed in the output segment. The 3D cross hairs in the reference segment are now no
longer visible.
H.3
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Working in 3D
Expand Ranges dialog

box
3D Evaluation
The Expand Ranges dialog box is displayed.
H.3
H.3
H.3
Enter how many images you want reconstructed in the input

field.
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Working in 3D
Enter the distance between the images in the input field.
H.3
Enter the slice thickness in the input field (only possible for
MPR Thick, MIP Thin, MinIP Thin and VRT Thin) and confirm with the Return key.
The new reference image is displayed in the output segment.
H.3
H.3
Start reconstruction by clicking on the Start button.

The images of an expanded series are displayed in the output
segment. They are parallel to the reference image. The last
image of the series is displayed.
H.3
Use the dog ears in the top right-hand corner of the output
segment to page through the series.
If you want to change the range, you must enter new values in
the Expand Ranges dialog box.
H.3
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
If the new series is as you require it:
H.3

If the Enable auto-store option was activated during configuration, the series is stored automatically.
H.3
Then click on Close to return to the original mode.

If the series does not yet provide the views you want, change
the range settings in the dialog window Expand Ranges and
reconstruct again.
Page H.398, Expand Ranges dialog box
H.3
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Working in 3D
Generating radial images
H.3
You generate radial tomographic images to be able to view a

range from different angles. In this way, you simulate step-bystep rotation of a reference line. A number of tomographic
images, depending on the angle, are generated from the volume data set.
H.3
Select a broken reference line or a reference image to generate a series whose intersection plane covers a quadrant in
the reference image and is perpendicular to the reference
image.
The selected reference line represents an image in one of the
two other reference segments. That image must be in the
required output type, i.e. MPR, MPR Thick, MIP Thin, MinIP
Thin or VRT Thin. How to generate series of radial projections
(MIP, MinIP, SSD, VRT) you find on:
Page H.3111, Series of radial projections and views
Or
H.3
Select a continuous reference line to define the position of

the reconstructed images with the reference line.
Calling up Radial Ranges
H.3
Call up Settings > Radial Ranges.

Or
H.3
H.3
Click on the Radial Ranges button on the Settings subtask

card.
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Working in 3D

radial series
3D Evaluation
H.3
The radial segments are displayed as lines in the reference

segment. The lines have a common point of intersection and
are distributed with a constant angle between them (default
22.5).
H.3
The image of the reference line is reconstructed and displayed
in the output segment. You can see the direction of viewing of
the resulting images by the arrows drawn in the reference segment.
H.3
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
End line
Reference line
Starting line (marked by arrows)
Viewing direction arrow
Angle and thickness
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Working in 3D
Radial Ranges dialog

box
H.3
The Radial Ranges dialog box is displayed.
H.3
H.3
Default parameter settings with individual designations for generating radial series are stored in your system. You can access
these parameters with the selection button Presets and call up
a parameter setting adapted to your requirements.
H.3
H.3
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Working in 3D
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Enter the required angle between the images in the input

field and confirm with the Return key.
The position of the starting and end line remains identical. If you
enter a new angle between the images, the number of images
is changed accordingly.
H.3
Set a new number of images to be reconstructed in the spin
box or the input field.
The angle between the images changes accordingly.
H.3
H.3
H.3
Enter the slice thickness (for MPR Thick, MIP Thin,

MinIP Thin and VRT Thin only) and confirm your entry with
the Return key.
The graphic display of the series in the reference segment
changes according to the settings. A new preview image is
H.3
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3D Evaluation

the mouse
Working in 3D
H.3
decreased). The angle between the cut images remains the
same.
H.3
Or
H.3
H.3

increased or decreased). The angle between the cut images
remains the same.
H.3
The values in the Radial Ranges dialog box change in accordance with the changes in the graphic display.
H.3
Rotate the selected line around the rotation point holding

down the mouse button.
By rotating the center line you also rotate all the other lines
around the rotation point. Turning the starting line and end line
changes the angle of aperture.
H.3
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Or
H.3
H.3
Move the entire range by moving the point of rotation with the
The image corresponding to the line being processed is displayed in the output segment. The values in the Radial Ranges
dialog box change in accordance with the changes made to the
graphic display.
H.3
If you change the range by rotating the start or end line, the
number of images remains constant. Only the angle between
the images changes.
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Working in 3D
H.3
H.3
H.3
Click on the Start button to start reconstruction of the range.
A message box shows the progress of reconstruction and
H.3
allows you to cancel reconstruction.
The reconstructed images are displayed as a stack of images
in the output segment. The upper image corresponds to the end
line in the graphic display.
H.3
Using the dog ears in the top right-hand corner of the images,
you can page through the stack.
H.3
If the radial series is as you require it:
H.3

If the Enable auto-store option was activated during configuration, the series is stored automatically.
H.3
Click on Close to return to the original mode.
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H.3
H.3
H.3
H.3

The Radial Ranges dialog box is closed.
H.3
Or
H.3

H.3
Or
H.3

The Radial Ranges dialog box is still open.
H.3
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Saving a series
Working in 3D
H.3
H.3

H.3
H.3
H.3
H.3
that contain the name entered as the first part of their name. H.3
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
H.3
editing radial series from the selection list Presets.
H.3
H.3
H.3
Click on the button to delete the parameter data set.
Postprocessing a radial range
H.3
You can rotate the starting and end line of the range in order to
change the range and the angle between the result images. H.3
If you generate a new series by changing the values, a
prompt appears asking you whether you want to save or
reject the old series.
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Working in 3D
Series of radial projections and views
H.3
You do not reconstruct tomographic images for output types

MIP, MinIP, SSD and VRT, but series of projections and views.
H.3
Defining view directions
H.3
The future position of the projections/views is displayed graphically by projection arrows on the reference image. The reconstructed images are at right angles to these arrows. The arrows
therefore indicate the direction in which you generate the projection. You can define the orientation of these arrows as follows:
H.3
Select a broken reference line or a reference image.

The image of this segment must be of the same output type.
The projections of the series describe a quadrant within the reference image.
H.3
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
Or
H.3
Select a continuous reference line in your reference image to

define the direction of viewing graphically.
The reference line that you select represents an image in one
or both of the other reference segments. This image must be
in the required output type, i.e. MIP, MinIP, SSD or VRT.
The selected reference line is at right angles to the center projection arrow of the series 3d graphics. All other projections are
obtained by rotating this reference line clockwise or counterclockwise.
H.3
Setting radial projections

and views
H.3
You can generate radial projections in radial range mode in the

same way as radial cut images in output type MPR, MPR Thick,
MIP Thin or MinIP Thin. The images of this series simulate
step-by-step rotation of a reference line.
H.3
Call Settings > Radial Ranges.
Or
H.3
H.3
Click on the button Radial Ranges on the subtask card

Settings.
The range of the new series is marked in the reference image.H.3
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Working in 3D
The arrows indicate the direction of the projections, for example

MIP-Image.
H.3
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Rotation point
Starting line
End line
Angle and thickness (depends on the image type)
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Working in 3D
3D Evaluation
The dialog box Radial Ranges is displayed.
H.3
With the exception of the slice thickness, you now select all
other settings for the radial series in the dialog box Radial
Ranges or with the mouse in the reference image as you do for
the reconstruction of radial cuts.
Page H.3101, Generating radial images
H.3
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Working in 3D
Saving a parameter set with presets
H.3
For many functionalities the system offers presets, which can

be edited. In this way you save frequently used value sets under
a certain name to re-use them easily at a later time.
H.3
Linking presets
H.3
H.3
With this functionality the system offers a name taken from the
Series Description.
H.3
Click on the Link Preset button to get the suitable suggestion for the name.
The generated name is selected in the edit field.
H.3
H.3
H.3
Remove any patient specific part of the suggested name,

e.g. trailing numbers.
Press the Save button in order to save the preset.
The generated name is automatically saved.
H.3
From now on, all series of the same kind, i.e. having the same
series description, will be automatically linked with this preset.H.3
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CHAPTER
H.4
Multiplanar
Reconstruction (MPR)
H.4
In multiplanar reconstruction you can create parallel, radial,

expanded series, or individual curved cuts from a selected
view.
H.4
The multiplanar reconstruction is first displayed in the views that
are parallel and perpendicular to the direction of scanning. H.4
You can then move through the volume using the functions of
the 3D task card such as the 3D cross hair or mouse in order to
generate the views which are important for you.
H.4
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3D Evaluation
Transfer as MPR to 3D
H.4
You have selected a series of images for display in MPR in the

Patient Browser or the Viewing task card and then transferred
them (or from the Series List dialog box) to the 3D task card.
Page H.340, Setting MPR
H.4
The series will be loaded and shown in MPR display mode.
H.4
If you have already loaded images onto the 3D task card and
have only switched back to another application temporarily,
switch back to 3D by clicking the tab.
Page H.25, Calling the 3D task card
If you have finished processing your first 3D series and saved
it, you can load the next marked series directly from the
Series List (Patient > Open Series List...). If the last patient
to have been processed is in 3D, a dialog box appears in
which you can specify whether you wish to continue processing or load the new series.
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Changing the slice thickness (MPR Thick)
H.4
With the MPR for thick slices, you can define the thickness of
the original slice from which the image is to be reconstructed.
The program calculates an average from several gray-scale values and uses these averages to build up the image.
H.4
Call up Type > MPR Thick to set the output type MPR Thick.
Or
H.4
H.4
Click on the MPR Thick button on the Type tool card.
Call up Type > MPR Thickness to display the MPR Thick

dialog box for setting the slice thickness.
Or
H.4
H.4
Click the MPR Thick button on the Type tool card with the
right mouse button.
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3D Evaluation
H.4
Enter an image thickness (in mm).
H.4

Or
H.4
H.4
Click on Default to set the preset image thickness.

The selected setting is applied to all MPR Thick reconstrucH.4
tions.
The value for MPR image thickness is displayed in the
image and always also filmed and stored.
Changing the default

setting
H.4
H.4
Click on Set as default to store a new preset value for the

image thickness.
When you load a new data set, the stored preset value is
used.
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Generating series of images
H.4
With the facility to generate images with any interval and direction, you can simulate examinations independently of the scanning direction.
H.4
You can save images reconstructed in this way as new series
and, for example, transfer them to the Viewing task card for 2D
evaluation.
H.4
Parallel ranges
H.4
In this mode, parallel tomographic images are generated a

defined distance apart. The images are then perpendicular to
the reference image.
H.4
Generate and process series of parallel tomographic images
as described in the following chapters:
Page H.377, Generating parallel images
Page H.386, Postprocessing series of parallel images
H.4
Radial ranges
H.4
The images are always arranged in a star and are a defined

angle apart. They are perpendicular to the reference image. H.4
Generate and process series of radial tomographic images
Page H.3110, Postprocessing a radial range
H.4
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Expanded ranges
H.4
3D Evaluation
An expanded range consists of a series of parallel slices that

are a defined distance apart and parallel to the reference
image. You usually use this mode if you want to obtain a range
in front of and behind the target image (reference image) as a
series.
H.4
Generate and process series of an expanded range as
described in the following chapter:
Page H.397, Generating an expanded range
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Generating curved slices
H.4
If you want to view subareas that cannot be obtained by planar,

i.e. flat images, you can draw in a cut line with any curvature
freehand. You can then display this cut as an image in the output segment.
H.4
(1) Working segment

(2) Output segment
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3D Evaluation
Drawing curves
H.4
In reference mode, you have already generated a view which is

important to you.
H.4
Select the segment that contains your reference image.
Call up Settings > Curved Mode.
Or
H.4
H.4
Activate the curve mode by clicking the Curved Mode button

on the Settings tool card.
The program is in drawing mode and the cursor changes
shape.
H.4
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Polygon definition as the

cut line
You can draw a cut line by entering several vertices.
H.4
H.4
H.4
Click into the working segment (selected segment) with the

left mouse button to define the beginning of the cut line.
Define further points along the cut line by clicking each position at which you want the direction to change with the left
mouse button.
Finish off the line by double-clicking with the left mouse button.
Drawing a line freehand
H.4
H.4
As an alternative, you can also draw structures freehand.
H.4
Open up a curve by moving the mouse cursor over the image

with the left mouse button pressed.
Finish off the freehand line by double-clicking with the left
mouse button.
H.4
For some applications, it can be necessary to connect a polygon definition with a freehand line and vice versa.
H.4
As long as you have not double-clicked the end point, you can
mix the two methods, polygon definition and freehand line. H.4
The way the image is reconstructed depends on the direction
in which the line is drawn. For example, if you draw the spinal
canal starting from the top and moving downwards, the image
that you produce is different to the one you produce when you
draw the line from the bottom to the top (opposite way round).
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Displaying images
H.4
After you have completed your cut line, a new image is reconstructed in the output segment. In the reference image (working
segment), the starting point of this image is marked by an
arrow.
H.4
The orientation mark and the cutline are displayed as orientation aids.
An orientation label in < > brackets is displayed on the righthand side of the image segment.
H.4
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Using non-planar slice images for
diagnostic purposes
Consequence: Wrong diagnosis
H.4
H.4
Remedy: Be careful when interpreting orientation labels.

Keep the shape of the curved cut and its orientation in the
volume in mind
H.4
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Long cut lines
H.4
If you have drawn a very long cut line, it might not be possible
to display the entire image in the output segment. Then, only
the first part of the line is used to generate an image. This part
is then highlighted in the working segment.
H.4
The starting point of the display is marked by an arrow.
H.4
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Moving the displayed

part of the line
H.4
3D Evaluation
Move the starting point in the working segment to display further parts of the cut line by moving the arrow along the line
with the mouse.
A new image is generated. In this way, you can draw the structures bit by bit over their entire extent.
H.4
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Moving the entire line
H.4
Sometimes, you might want to move a curved cutline in the

working segment to a new location.
H.4
H.4
H.4
Move the entire line holding the left mouse button down.
A new image is displayed in the output segment.
H.4
Delete the selected line by pressing the Del key.

The direction in which you have drawn the curve into the
working image is shown by an arrow on the resulting image.
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Moving a curve within the

volume with the dog ear
H.4
3D Evaluation
While drawing you can also move the cutline within the volume
data set layer by layer by paging with the dog ear of the working
segment.
H.4
Click on the outside field of the dog ear to move forwards.
Or
H.4
Click on the inner field of the dog ear to move backwards.
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Rotating images
H.4
Call up Image > Rotate Curved 90 +, to rotate the image

clockwise.
Page G.429, Rotating images (Rotate)
Or
H.4
Call up Image > Rotate Curved 90 -, to rotate the image

anti-clockwise.
Flipping images
H.4
Call up Image > Flip Curved Vertically, to flip the image

around a horizontal axis.
Page G.432, Flipping images vertically
Or
H.4
Call up Image > Flip Curved Horizontally, to flip the image

around a vertical axis.
For curved slices, you can set output type MIP thin, MinIP
thin, MPR thick and MPR thin.
Page H.339, Defining output types
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CHAPTER
H.5
Maximum and Minimum

Intensity Projection
H.5
The maximum intensity projection uses the most intensive grayscale values of the images for reconstruction. For example, in
contrast medium examinations, blood vessels are those structures that have the most intensive values. The MIP display is
therefore especially suitable for vascular examinations.
H.5
The minimum intensity projection uses the least intensive grayscale values of the images for reconstruction. Air-filled structures have the least intensive values, the MinIP display is therefore especially suitable for pulmonary examinations.
H.5
If other structures are obstructing the volumes of interest to you,
it is useful to extract a VOI (volume of interest).
H.5
You can also create radial series in maximum (MIP) and minimum (MinIP) intensity projection from the reference mode. H.5
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MIP
H.5
3D Evaluation
The maximum intensity projection (MIP) is often used for

angiography, for example, to display the course of a blood vessel or a contrast medium injection. It is also used to punch (i.e.
extract) volumes of interest (VOIs).
H.5
H.5
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MinIP
H.5
You can use the minimum intensity projection (MinIP) especially

to display the pulmonary tissue.
H.5
H.5
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Transfer as MIP to 3D
H.5
You have selected a series of images for display in MIP and

transferred them to the 3D task card.
H.5
The series will be shown in MIP display mode.
Page H.341, Setting MIP
H.5
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(1) Sagittal view

(2) Transversal view
(3) Coronal view
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Extracting a volume of interest

(VOI)
H.5
With a volume of interest (VOI), you extract a volume of diagnostic interest to you, thus limiting the volume to be reconstructed to a partial volume.
H.5
You can extract a VOI (volume of interest) in one of the following

ways:
H.5
Position and delimit a cuboid VOI (VOI Clipbox)
Draw a freehand VOI (VOI Punch Mode)
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Using the VOI clipbox
H.5
If you are in reference mode you must activate VOI clipbox

mode.
H.5
H.5
Call up Settings > VOI Clipbox to access VOI mode.

Or
H.5
H.5
Click on the button VOI Clipbox on the Settings subtask

card.
The entire data set with the default VOI delimitation appears in
the output segment. The rectangle shows the preset delimitation of the VOI.
H.5
(1) Volume data set

(2) Rectangular VOI
If you activate Free View before calling up the VOI Clipbox
the clipbox changes behavior.
Page H.352, Interactions with the clipbox
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Changing the size
H.5
3D Evaluation
In the bottom right-hand segment, you initially see a predefined

cuboid VOI. You can use this for processing or changing its size
and position as required.
H.5
H.5
Resetting the size
H.5
You can change the size by clicking on one of the boundary

lines and moving the grab handles while holding the mouse
button down.
Select Settings > VOI Reset Clipbox from the main menu if
you want to reset the size of the clipbox to the initial values.
The reset is applied to all segments simultaneously.
H.5
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Moving the VOI

H.5
Change the position of the VOI by placing the mouse pointer

on the border around the selected VOI, not on a handle.
Move the VOI while holding down the left mouse button.
H.5
You can change the default views in the three segments in any
possible way. This way you control the position of the VOI along
all three axes.
H.5
Select the result segment.
Select the required standard view using the buttons on the
Orientation tool card or in the Orientation menu.
The views are perpendicular or parallel to the scan direction
of the data set, but might not be perpendicular to the patient
coordinate system.
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Rotating the VOI
3D Evaluation
H.5
H.5
Click on the Rotate Images button on the upper part of the

control area to activate rotation mode.
Place the mouse cursor in the bottom right-hand segment.
H.5
The mouse point changes shape.

H.5
Move the mouse cursor holding the left mouse button down
and rotate the VOI.
Moving the mouse up or down tilts the object in 90-steps.
Moving the mouse to the left or right rotates the object in 90steps.
You can also switch to SSD or VRT.
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Activating VOI punch mode
H.5
Once you have positioned and delimited the VOI using the VOI
Clipbox, switch to VOI Punch Mode.
H.5
Call up Settings > VOI Punch Mode to access VOI punch

mode.
Or
H.5
H.5
Click on button VOI Punch Mode on subtask card Settings.
The
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The dialog box VOI Punch Mode appears in the output segment.
H.5
In this dialog box, you will find a number of buttons which you
can use to extract and process a freehand VOI.
H.5
The individual buttons perform the following functions (from left
to right):
H.5
Drawing a freehand VOI
Page H.514, Drawing a freehand line
Punching a freehand VOI
Page H.515, Punching a freehand VOI
Cutting out a freehand VOI
Page H.517, Cutting out a freehand VOI
Undoing last command
Page H.520, Undo Last Step
Undoing all
Page H.520, Undo All
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Defining a freehand VOI
H.5
If you have adapted the view and size of the rectangular VOI to
your requirements, you can draw a freehand curve (polygon) in
it. With this irregular VOI you can define the contours along
which you can cut out or reveal parts of images.
H.5
Select the reference segment in which you want to define the

freehand VOI.
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H.5
H.5
Click on Draw Contour in the VOI Punch Mode dialog box

to activate the drawing mode.
Click on the required starting point of the line with the left
mouse button.
Click on any other point in the image at which you want the
curve to change direction.
Or
H.5
Draw a continuous line by dragging the mouse cursor over

the image holding the left mouse button down.
Complete your line with a double-click.
H.5
The starting and end point of the line are connected. The line
thus becomes a closed polygon definition and includes an area.
You can now select the curve and change its position and size.H.5
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Punching a freehand VOI
H.5
In angiography, it is often of diagnostic interest only to display

the highlighted blood vessels in the image, because other
details can obstruct the projection.
H.5
Draw a freehand VOI around the volume of interest to you.
H.5
Click on the Keep Inside button.

All volume areas of the rectangular VOI outside the freehand
VOI are deleted.
H.5
H.5
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The inside of the rectangular VOI is processed, not the volume

data set that surrounds the VOI. The VOI is used as a sort of
protection for the remaining volume, because you can only work
within the rectangular VOI.
H.5
Once you have cut out the contour, the program automatically
switches to drawing mode.
Page H.513, Defining a freehand VOI
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Cutting out a freehand

VOI
H.5
You can also proceed in the opposite manner and expose the
VOI by cutting out the uninteresting parts of the volume.
H.5
To do this, you will usually proceed in small steps, cutting out as
many small areas as necessary until only those structures
remain that are of interest to you.
H.5
Draw a freehand VOI around the area that you want to
remove.
H.5
Click on the Remove Inside button.
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The area inside the polygon is cut out and removed.
H.5
(1) The freehand VOIs cut through the volume of the rectangular VOI in the viewing direction.
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Deleting a freehand line
H.5
You can delete freehand lines that are not as you require
them.
H.5
Select the line by clicking on it.
Delete the line by pressing the Del key on your keyboard.
The program is switched back to drawing mode.
H.5
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Undoing deletion of VOIs
3D Evaluation
H.5
If you accidentally cut out too much when working on a VOI, you
can undo your processing steps (only Keep Inside and
Remove Inside).
H.5
Undo Last Step
H.5
H.5
Undo All
H.5
Click on the Undo Last Step button in the VOI Punch Mode
dialog box.
H.5
H.5
Click on the Undo All button in the VOI Punch Mode dialog
box.
The graphic is reset to the state in which you found it before processing.
H.5
All steps performed so for are undone.
H.5
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Combining the MIP/MinIP and SSD output

types
H.5
When extracting VOIs, you can combine the output types MIP/
MinIP and SSD (surface shaded display) in different segments
to extract and reveal the volume of interest especially clearly. H.5
For example, select the MIP/MinIP display in the two left-hand
segments to define the size and position of your VOI in these
images and then have the result displayed in the top right-hand
segment in surface shaded display.
H.5
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(1) MPR type

(2) MIP type
(3) SSD type
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Generating complex VOIs
H.5
If you want to punch very complex structures that extend

through the entire reconstructible volume in an irregular shape,
you combine cuboid and freehand VOIs in several substeps. H.5
In each step you select a rectangular VOI and then punch the
relevant structure in this VOI. This way you proceed through the
entire reconstructible volume. In the end you have the system
put the various segments of the complex VOI structure together.H.5
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First define a relatively narrow cuboid VOI in the bottom

right-hand image area.
This VOI is displayed in the other segments of the screen.
H.5
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H.5
Punch the structures of interest to you for the VOI freehand

in an other image segment.
Page H.515, Punching a freehand VOI
H.5
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Now move the rectangles in the lower right image segment.
Also punch the structure you require in this second rectangular VOI in freehand technique.
Continue until you have processed the entire volume of interest to you.
Now resize the rectangle in the lower right image segment
out to a size suitable for your diagnostic problem again.
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All your freehand VOIs are now combined.
H.5
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Exiting VOI mode
H.5
When you have finished punching your VOI, return to reference

mode.
H.5
H.5
Click on the Close button in the VOI Punch Mode dialog

box.
Or
H.5
H.5
H.5
Click on the button on the Settings subtask card.

VOI mode is terminated. The effective VOI, i.e. the last status of
your VOI, is saved.
H.5
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Generating a radial series from

MIP/MinIP displays
H.5
Using radial projections, you can view the volume of interest to

you from various angles.
H.5
Once you have generated a sufficient number of images in a
complete circle, you can play them back as a movie on the
Viewing task card as if you were "walking around" the volume
or partial volume of interest. You can achieve the same effect by
clicking on the dog ear in the output segment while keeping the
Page G.318, Animated images (Movie)
H.5
Generating radial series
H.5
For a description of how to generate radial series of MIP/MinIP

projections, please see the following chapters:
Page H.3112, Setting radial projections and views
H.5
On the basis of the MIP/MinIP display, you can also generate

parallel images or curved sections. However, the results are
always displayed as MPR images. Generation of parallel
series and curved sections is therefore described in the following chapters:
You can use a filter with high resolution to calculate radial
ranges.
Page H.148, Configuring quality filter
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Defining the MIP slice thickness

(MIP Thin)
H.5
For maximum intensity projection, the entire volume of the data

set is normally used. Sometimes you will only want to use a part
of the volume for the projection. For example, you may want to
cut out interfering structures.
H.5
image
H.5
In the reference segment, you can define the view of your reference image.
H.5
First select a reference segment.
Change the position of the image until it meets your requirements.
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Starting MIP Thin
H.5
You can set MIP Thin in one, two, or all three reference segments.
H.5
Call up Type > MIP Thin to set MIP Thin output type.
Or
H.5
H.5
Click on the MIP Thin button on the Type tool card.

In the reference segment, an MIP Thin display is shown with the
standard settings.
H.5
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Changing slice
thickness
H.5
Call up Type > MIP Thickness to display the MIP Thin dialog box to set the slice thickness.
Or
H.5
3D Evaluation
H.5
Click on the MIP Thin button on the Type subtask card with
the right mouse button.
Enter the thickness of the initial slice to be used for the projection in mm.
H.5

Or
H.5
H.5
Click on Default to set the default value (10 mm) for Image
thickness.
The selected setting is applied to all displayed MIP thin slice
reconstructions.
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The value for the MIP image thickness is always filmed and
stored with the image.
H.5
H.5
Click on Set as default to store a new default value.

When you load a new data set, the stored default value is
used.
Generating series of MIP Thin images
H.5
For the MIP Thin output type too, you can generate parallel,
radial, and expanded series of images. In this way, you divide
the volume data set into partial volumes with a predefined thickness. MIP Thin images are then reconstructed from these partial volumes.
H.5
Parallel MIP Thin series
H.5
The structures (bones) that might be an obstruction in a maximum intensity projection usually only extend over a small part
of the volume data set. With parallel MIP images, you can, for
example, ascertain where the obstructing structures end and
where you can generate usable MIP images in the volume data
set.
H.5
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H.5
Radial MIP Thin series
H.5
Generating an expanded
MIP Thin range
H.5
3D Evaluation
Generate and process images of parallel MIP Thin series as

described in the following chapters:
Generate and process images of radial MIP Thin series as
Generate and process images of parallel MIP Thin images of
an expanded range as described in the following chapters:
H.5
In MIP thin mode you can also generate curved slices. The procedure is the same as in MPR mode.
H.5
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Defining the MinIP slice thickness

(MinIP Thin)
H.5
For minimum intensity projection, the entire volume of the data

set is normally used. Sometimes you will only want to use a part
of the volume for the projection. For example, you may want to
cut out interfering structures.
H.5
image
H.5
In the reference segment, you can define the view of your reference image.
H.5
Change the position of the image until it meets your requirements.
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Starting MinIP Thin
H.5
3D Evaluation
You can set MinIP Thin in one, two, or all three reference segments.
H.5
Call up Type > MinIP Thin to set MinIP Thin output type.
In the reference segment, a MinIP Thin display is shown with
the standard settings.
H.5
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Changing slice thickness
H.5
Call up Type > MinIP Thickness to display the MinIP Thin

dialog box to set the slice thickness.
Enter the thickness of the initial slice to be used for the projection in mm.
Or
H.5
H.5
Check this option if you want the MIP thickness to be

adopted.
Or
H.5
H.5
H.5
Click on Default to set the default value (10 mm) for Image
thickness.
The selected setting is applied to all displayed MinIP thin slice
reconstructions.
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The value for the MinIP image thickness is always filmed and
stored with the image.
H.5
H.5
Click on Set as default to store a new default value.

used.
Generating series of MinIP Thin images
H.5
For the MinIP Thin output type too, you can generate parallel,
radial, and expanded series of images. In this way, you divide
the volume data set into partial volumes with a predefined thickness. MinIP Thin images are then reconstructed from these
partial volumes.
H.5
Parallel MinIP Thin

series
H.5
With parallel MinIP images, you can, for example, ascertain

where the obstructing structures end and where you can generate usable MinIP images in the volume data set.
H.5
Generate and process images of parallel MinIP Thin series
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Radial MinIP Thin series
Generating an expanded
MinIP Thin range
H.5
H.5
Generate and process images of radial MinIP Thin series as

Generate and process images of parallel MinIP Thin images
of an expanded range as described in the following chapters:
H.5
In MinIP Thin mode you can also generate curved slices. The
procedure is the same as in MPR mode.
H.5
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CHAPTER
H.6
Reconstructing Surfaces
(SSD)
H.6
Surface shaded display (SSD) is based on the extraction of

gray scales between two predefined thresholds. The SSD output type reconstructs surface shaded structures and displays
them in three dimensions.
H.6
SSD images are especially suitable for displaying bone structures and blood vessels filled with contrast medium.
H.6
As threshold values for surface extraction in SSD, modality-specific defaults stored in your system are commonly used.
H.6
If these defaults are not appropriate for your diagnostic problem, you can adapt them individually. In this way, you can display the structures of interest to you in an optimum way.
H.6
Same as with multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) and maximum
(MIP) or minimum (MinIP) intensity projection, you can generate a new radial series on the basis of SSD displays and save
these images for further processing.
H.6
SSD images only have one window level.
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Transferring as SSD to 3D
H.6
You have selected a series of images for display in SSD and

transferred them to the 3D task card.
Page H.344, Setting SSD
H.6
The series will be loaded and shown in SSD display mode.
H.6
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SSD reconstruction with changed

thresholds
H.6
If the SSD reconstruction based on the default threshold values

in the system is not appropriate for your diagnostic problem,
you can adapt these values. You can then reconstruct your surface image again.
H.6
SSD Definition
H.6
Call up Type > SSD Definition... to switch to threshold

mode.
Or
H.6
H.6
Click on button SSD on subtask card Type with the right

mouse button.
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Areas within the set threshold values are marked in all images
of output type MPR, MIP or MinIP.
H.6
(1) Highlighted pixels

(2) SSD image
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The SSD Definition dialog box is displayed.
H.6
In the SSD Definition dialog box, the preset or last used threshold values are displayed for SSD extraction.
H.6
H.6
Enter new threshold values in the input fields and confirm

with the Return key.
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The threshold values entered are applied to the displays in the

reference segments.
H.6
Another way to change the threshold values is:
H.6
Drag the slider with the left mouse button to the right or to the
left to increase or reduce the threshold value.
Page A.234, Slider
The new threshold values are immediately applied whenever
they are changed with the slider or arrow keys and appear in the
High or Low value fields.
H.6
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Assigning threshold
values
H.6
H.6
You can see predefined lower and upper threshold values in the
Presets list.
H.6
Select the threshold value that is appropriate for your diagnostic problem by clicking on the entry in the list.
The values of the list entry are displayed in the Low and High
value fields. The pixels that are within the threshold values are
highlighted in color in the reference segments.
H.6
For how to generate predefined threshold values, see:
Page H.611, Creating and processing predefined threshold values
H.6
Click on the High Quality button after you have found the
desired threshold values.
The SSD display in the output segment is now recalculated. A
process indicator tells you how extraction is progressing.
H.6
When the procedure is complete an SSD image based on your
new threshold values is displayed in the output segment.
H.6
You can rotate and move the resulting image in any way you
wish.
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Light Source
H.6
H.6
3D Evaluation
You can set a light source to get a better display of the surface
condition of anatomical structures.
H.6
Click on the Light Source button.
The dialog box Light Source Definition - SSD is displayed.
H.6
H.6
At the same time, an arrow is shown in the selected segment to

indicate the direction of the light source.
H.6
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H.6
Click on and move the arrow in the selected segment to

change the direction of the light source.
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Select one of the predefined settings.

Or
H.6
Use the sliders to set the desired ambient light, diffuse reflection, specular reflection and shininess.
H.6
Click on the check box to set a double-sided light source.

The 2 light sources are identical in all parameters except that
H.6
they shine from opposite directions.
H.6
H.6
Click on Reset to restore the original direction of the arrow.

The direction of the light source does not change when the
image is rotated or shifted.
H.6
Confirm your settings with OK.

Or
H.6
Save your settings as new preset.
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Returning to reference
mode
H.6
H.6
If the new surface display is as you require it, close the Threshold dialog box and return to reference mode.
H.6
Click on the Close button.
Creating and processing predefined

threshold values
H.6
With predefined lower and upper threshold values, you can

store optimized threshold values for different diagnostic problems.
H.6
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Creating new threshold

values
H.6
3D Evaluation
The lower and upper threshold values are listed under their designation in the Presets list in the SSD Definition dialog box.
H.6
H.6
The upper field of the Presets list is initially empty or contains

the last entry selected from the Presets list.
H.6
Overwrite the old designation or enter a new designation in
the empty field.
Press the Return key to apply the new designation.
The overwritten designation is still also in the Presets list.
H.6
Now adapt the values with the sliders or the arrow keys for
the upper or lower threshold values.
Or
H.6
Enter the threshold values in the High and Low value value
input fields.
Confirm the numerical values you have entered by pressing
the Return key on your keyboard to check whether the values meet your requirements.
Save the new threshold values by clicking on the Save button.
Light source parameters will be saved together with the tresholds.
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Processing threshold
values
H.6
If a pair of threshold values no longer meets your requirements,

you can change the two values at any time.
H.6
First select a pair of threshold values by clicking on it in the

Presets list.
The values are displayed in the Low and High value fields.
H.6
Adapt the threshold values to your requirements with the

sliders.
Or
H.6
Enter the values in the Low and High value input fields.
Apply the settings by pressing the Return key.
H.6
Save the new threshold values by clicking on the button.
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Deleting a pair of
threshold values
H.6
3D Evaluation
You should delete lower and upper threshold values that you will
no longer require in future. In this way, you keep your threshold
value list down to a manageable size.
H.6
First select a pair of threshold values by clicking on it in the
Presets list in the SSD Definition dialog box.
H.6

The entry is deleted.
H.6
You cannot delete the modality-specific default entries.
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Generating a radial series of SSD

displays
H.6
Using radial projections, you can generate views of your surface

structure from different angles.
H.6
You can generate radial series based either on the entire volume data set or on a partial volume (VOI, volume of interest)
that you have extracted earlier.
Page H.56, Extracting a volume of interest (VOI)
H.6
If you generate enough images forming a complete circle, you
can play them back as a movie on the Viewing task card and,
in this way, you can walk around your surface structure.
Page G.318, Animated images (Movie)
H.6
Generating radial series
H.6
You will find a description of how to generate radial series from

SSD projections on:
Page H.3111, Series of radial projections and views
H.6
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Parallel tomographic
images and curved
sections
H.6
3D Evaluation
On the basis of the SSD display, you can also generate parallel
images and curved sections. However, the results are always
displayed as MPR images. Generation of parallel series and
curved sections is therefore described in the following chapters:
H.6
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H.7
Volume Rendering
Technique (VRT)
H.7
You will use the Volume Rendering Technique (VRT) to obtain

more precise representation and separation of tissue types. In
that way you can obtain a three-dimensional representation. H.7
To highlight certain aspects of the anatomical region, you can
change the color, brightness, and transparency of different
areas.
H.7
As display parameters for the VRT view, common default settings are stored on your system in the VRT Gallery.
H.7
If the default settings are not appropriate for your diagnostic
problem, you can alter them individually. In that way you can
emphasize the structures of interest in an optimum way.
H.7
The Volume Rendering Technique is only possible if the depth
of color of your system is at least 24 bits.
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Transferring to 3D as VRT
H.7
You transfer a series of images to the 3D task card from the

Patient Browser, the Viewer task card, or the Series List dialog box in VRT mode.
Page H.346, Setting VRT
H.7
The 3D task card is displayed in the VRT view.
H.7
If you have already loaded images into the 3D task card and
had only switched to another application temporarily, you can
now switch back to 3D by clicking on the cards tab.
If you have completed processing and storage of your first 3D
series, you can load the next preregistered series directly
from the 3D task card (Patient > Open Series List...). If the
patient to have been processed last is still in 3D, a dialog box
is displayed. In it you can decide whether to go ahead with
processing or to load the new series.
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(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Sagittal view (MPR)

Transverse view (MPR)
Coronal view (MPR)
Free View (VRT)
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Assigning parameter sets
3D Evaluation
H.7
In the Volume Rendering Technique, display of a volume data

set is defined by the properties color, brightness, and transparency. The color and the brightness determine the light emitted
by the object. With the transparency you can define how the
object absorbs and reflects light.
H.7
The way in which an object absorbs, emits, or reflects light
depends on the properties of the data set. These can be different within three-dimensional space.
H.7
Information about the color, brightness, and light are not contained in the original data sets. The CT value or MR signal value
must therefore be assigned to the properties used in VRT
mode. This is done by subdividing value ranges into tissue
classes to which certain display properties are assigned.
H.7
The tissue classes and their representation are defined in
parameter sets that are stored in the VRT Gallery. These
parameter sets are automatically or manually assigned to the
original data set in VRT mode.
H.7
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Automatic assignment of the parameter set

Each parameter set is assigned a name.
H.7
H.7
As soon as you load the images into VRT mode, the system will
look for a parameter set with the same name (e.g. head) in the
VRT Gallery. If a parameter set is found, the preset tissue
classes are transferred to the image.
H.7
If there is no appropriate parameter set in the VRT Gallery, the

VRT image is displayed with the last parameter set to have
been selected from the VRT Gallery.
H.7
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Assigning a parameter set manually
H.7
If the VRT display with the automatically assigned parameter

set does not meet your expectations, select another parameter
set from the VRT Gallery.
H.7
Opening the VRT Gallery
H.7
Call up Type > VRT Gallery... to display the VRT Gallery

dialog box.
Or
H.7
Click on the VRT button on the Type subtask card with the
right mouse button.
The VRT Gallery dialog box is displayed. Within the VRT Gallery the parameter data sets are arranged alphabetically from
top left to bottom right.
H.7
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If the content of the window is not displayed in its entirety, you

can have the other parameter data sets displayed along the
bottom edge of the window with the scroll bar.
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Assigning a parameter
set
H.7
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Click on a parameter set with the left mouse button to transfer the predefined tissue classes to the current VRT display.
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Closing the VRT Gallery
H.7
Close the dialog box with the OK button.

The VRT image is displayed with the selected parameter set. H.7
Or
H.7
Press the Close button.

The VRT Gallery is closed. The VRT display remains
unchanged.
H.7
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Creating and editing parameter

sets
H.7
The VRT Gallery provides various parameter sets for different

types of image data sets. With the VRT Definition you can create additional parameter sets and edit existing parameter sets.
In that way, you can expand the VRT Gallery considerably and
will easily be able to assign parameter settings that are tailored
to your diagnostic problem.
H.7
Dialog box VRT Definition
H.7
The VRT Gallery contains a number of predefined parameter

data sets. Each parameter set corresponds to special tissue
classes that you can define individually in the VRT Definition.H.7
Calling up VRT Definition
H.7
Call up Type > VRT Definition... to switch to the VRT Definition dialog box.
You can have both dialog boxes VRT Definition and VRT
Gallery open at the same time.
Changes made in the VRT Definition are applied in the VRT
Gallery immediately.
Or
H.7
Click on a parameter set of the VRT Gallery with the right

mouse button.
Changes made in the VRT Definition are applied in the VRT
Gallery after saving the preset.
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VRT Definition
H.7
(1) List of parameter sets

(2) Graphic setting of the VRT definition parameter
(3) Slider for zooming the histogram area in or out
(4) Light Source button
(5) Tissue classes
(6) Numerical setting of the selected tissue class
(opacity, color, brightness)
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Displaying the numerical

setting range
H.7
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It is possible to process the parameter sets both graphically in

the histogram and numerically. For numerical input you can display the numerical setting area, if it was not already displayed
when you called up the VRT Definition.
H.7
Click on the Advanced >> button.
The VRT Definition dialog box is enlarged so you can edit the
H.7
input fields for numerical processing.
If you want to hide the numerical setting area, simply click on
the Advanced << button again.
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Adapt the graphic setting

area
H.7
Depending on the modality, the examination data only covers a

limited pixel range that is then evaluated in VRT mode. In the
histogram window, the complete value range is initially displayed. Using the slider you can zoom the range of examination
data and center it in the histogram. In that way, you can make
graphic processing of the parameter set easier using the displayed trapezoids that are assigned to each tissue class.
H.7
To enlarge or reduce the histogram range drag the outer border of the slider with the mouse.
H.7
Slide the central mark of the slider to change the position of

the histogram.
Page A.234, Slider
H.7
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Editing a parameter set
H.7
You can edit the parameter set by setting the following properties for various tissue classes:
H.7
Transparency
Brightness
Color
Signal intensity values
When you enter a new transparency value, brightness value,

or a new color, the VRT display also changes immediately.
In a parameter set you can define up to four different tissue
classes.
H.7
Selecting a parameter
set
H.7
First select the parameter set that you want to edit or whose settings are very similar to the new parameter set you want to create.
H.7
Select a parameter set from the selection list.
Overwrite the name of the parameter set with another designation if you want to create a new parameter data set.
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Selecting tissue classes
H.7
In a parameter set, you can define up to four different tissue

classes.
H.7
Select the required number of tissue classes using the check

boxes.
For each tissue class, a trapezoid is displayed in the histogram.H.7
To delete a tissue class, simply deselect it.
H.7
In the VRT image, this tissue class is then no longer displayed.H.7

Then click on the tissue class whose display you want to
change.
Or
H.7
Click on the trapezoid associated with it in the histogram.
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Setting a value range
H.7
3D Evaluation
By changing the corner values of the trapezoid in the histogram,

you can alter the position and size of the value range that is
assigned to a tissue class. This is comparable with setting window values (center, wide).
H.7
Click on a trapezoid with the left mouse button.
Slide one of the handles to the side (but not 4) with the
mouse button.
Or
H.7
Enter the value you require in the relevant spin box.

H.7
If the values in the spin box change, display of the trapezoid

also changes.
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Transparency
H.7
Set the transparency that you want the tissue to have using
the spin box.
You can enter values from 0% (transparent) to 100%
(opaque).
Or
H.7
Slide the center handle (1) of the trapezoid up or down in the

histogram.
Brightness
H.7
Use the spin box to set the brightness you want the tissue to
have.
The brightness control defines the gray scale value of the tissue displayed. It ranges from 0% (black) to 100% (white).
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Color
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H.7
Click on the Color field in the numerical input area with the
left mouse button.
Or
H.7
Click into the trapezoid in the histogram with the right mouse
button.
The color palette is displayed.
H.7
H.7
Select the required color and confirm with OK.

The object appears in the result segment with the new color.
H.7
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Color transition for tissue

class
H.7
You can assign a color to each handle in the histogram. In that

way, you can set a color transition for display of the tissue class.
The colors of the handles define the corners of the transition. H.7
Click on a handle with the right mouse button to change its
color.
The color of handles 1 and 7 are always set to black in the
original mode.
The color is interpolated linearly between handles 1 and 3
and handles 5 and 7.
Setting shading
H.7
Click on the option Shaded to create a shaded display.

If the option Shaded is activated, the VRT display is processed with a shading algorithm, and a simulated light source
casts a shadow in the image. This way a three-dimensional
view is achieved.
Light Source
H.7
H.7
If the Shaded option is checked the Light Source button is

undimmed and you can select a light source.
H.7
The dialog box Light Source Definition is displayed.
H.7
Choose or define a suitable Light Source.

Page H.68, Light Source
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H.7
H.7
Shorten the Preset in a useful way in order to keep the
assignment general and confirm with the Return key.
Click on the button Save Preset to save the parameter set.
H.7
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H.7
You can remove each parameter set from the VRT Gallery.
H.7
Click on the Delete Preset button to delete a parameter set

As soon as you delete a parameter set from the selection list,
the image icon will also disappear from the VRT Gallery dialog
box.
H.7
Finishing VRT Definition
H.7
After you have saved all the required settings in the dialog box
for VRT Definition, you can close the dialog box.
H.7
Click on Close to close the VRT Definition dialog window.
Or
H.7
Press on the button.
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Defining a VRT slice thickness

(VRT Thin)
H.7
To achieve maximum intensity projection, the entire volume of

the data set is normally used. However, sometimes it is useful
to use only part of the volume for projection. The subarea is
defined by the two parallel intersection planes ("separation
plane"). The distance between these planes is the slice thickness to be defined. For example, you can avoid cutting out interfering structures.
H.7
image
H.7
In the reference segment, you can define the view of the reference image.
H.7
Change the display of the image until it meets your requirements.
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Starting VRT Thin
H.7
You can set VRT Thin in one, in two, or in all three reference
segments.
H.7
Call up Type > VRT Thin to set the output type VRT Thin.
Or
H.7
Click on the VRT Thin button on the Type subtask card.

A VRT Thin display appears in the selected segment with the
standard settings.
H.7
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Changing the slice

thickness
H.7
3D Evaluation
Call up the Type > VRT Thickness to display the VRT Thin
dialog box for setting the slice thickness.
Or
H.7
Click on the VRT Thin button on the Type subtask card with
the right mouse button.
Enter the thickness that you want to use for projection in mm.
Confirm your input with OK.
Or
H.7
Click on Default to set the default value (10 mm) for the
image thickness.
The selected setting is applied to all VRT Clip reconstructions.
Click on Set as default to store the displayed settings as
new default value.
applied.
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Slice thickness 0 mm
H.7
The use of slice thickness 0 mm is a special case of the VRT

display. A separation plane is created from intersection planes,
normally two, to delimit the visible area. This plane separates
the visible area from the hidden area.
H.7
Set a slice thickness of 0 mm and confirm with OK.

You can position the separation plane freely in three-dimensional space (e.g. with Smart Selection) and, in that way,
hide the area you do not require.
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H.8
Selecting and Processing

Images
H.8
After you have transferred a volume data set to the 3D task

card, you can optimize the display of the images in the segments.
H.8
For the images loaded, you can adapt the window values. You
can display the sections enlarged and place areas of interest in
the center of the image.
H.8
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Selecting images and 3D graphics
H.8
You must first select the images or 3D graphics that you want to
process.
H.8
On the 3D task card, a distinction is made between images that
are displayed in the reference segments and series that are
located in the output segment.
H.8
Selecting the reference

segment
H.8
In a reference segment, you can only ever select one reference

image.
H.8
Click on the image that you want to process with the left
mouse button.
The segment is now displayed with a thick border.
H.8
Selecting the output

segment
H.8
The reconstructed series is displayed in the output segment

(bottom right).
H.8
Click on the output segment to select all images of the reconstructed series.
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Selecting 3D graphics
H.8
Graphic displays, e.g. graphic display of a parallel series, are

usually displayed in the images of the reference segments. H.8
Click on a line of such a display with the left mouse button to
select it.
Handles and a rotation point are then displayed on the 3D
graphics.
H.8
Processing images and

3D graphics directly
H.8
You can execute many processing steps without having to

select images or 3D graphics explicitly.
H.8
Place the mouse cursor on the image or graphic and start
operation immediately by pressing a mouse button.
For example, you can now window the image or move the reference line of the 3D cross hair.
H.8
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Showing and hiding reference lines
H.8
The 3D cross hair can sometimes be an obstruction when you

want to look at details in the image.
H.8
You can hide these graphic elements and show them again as
required.
H.8
H.8
Click on the Hide Reference Lines button in the upper part

of the control area to hide the reference lines.
If you now want to change the views of the images, use the
mouse.
H.8
Click on the Hide Reference Lines to display the reference

lines again.
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Windowing images
H.8
When transferring the volume data set to the 3D task card, the
images are displayed with the window values with which they
were last stored.
H.8
In order to make diagnostically relevant details clearer, it is
often necessary to assign new window values to the images. H.8
On SSD images you can regulate the brightness and shadows on the surface.
For details about windowing, see also
Page G.42, Windowing images.
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Defining the scope of action

(Single Windowing)
3D Evaluation
H.8
In the default setting, all images of the same output type e.g.
MPR are assigned the same window values.
H.8
If you want to assign window values only to individual images,
you must activate the Single Windowing option.
H.8
Windowing an image
H.8
Call up Image > Single Windowing to select the option. The

menu item is shown with a checkmark.
Or
H.8
Single
H.8
Click on the Single Windowing button in the control area to

set Single Windowing.
Multi
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Processing an image view
H.8
You can enlarge image sections that are of particular interest to

you (zooming). If the zoomed image no longer fits in the segment, you can move it so as to place the relevant section in the
center of the image again (panning).
You will find a detailed description of how to set the image view
in:
Page G.41, Processing Images
H.8
Besides the possibilities to process an image view known from
Viewing and Filming, 3D offers the Rotate function.
H.8
Rotate
H.8
Call up Orientation > Rotate Images.

Or
H.8
H.8
Click on the Zoom/Pan button in the upper part of the control

area.
Or
H.8
Activate Smart Select with a right mouse button click and

select rotate objects.
H.8
By dragging the mouse along the segment edge you can rotate
the image plane around the centre of the image.
H.8
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Zoom/Pan
H.8
3D Evaluation
Call up Image > Zoom/Pan.

Or
H.8
H.8
Click on the Zoom/Pan button in the upper part of the control

area.
Or
H.8
Activate Smart Select with a right mouse button click and

select zoom/pan.
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Changing the image display with

color LUTs
H.8
To optimize image viewing for your diagnostic requirements you

can display grayscale images in color. The color intensity then
corresponds to the grayscale value. You can determine which
of several predefined color lookup tables (color LUTs) is the
most suitable, apply it to selected grayscale images and even
store it together with the images.
H.8
Select one or more images to apply a color LUT to (either
grayscale images to display in color or pseudo color images
to change their coloring).
Select Image > Color Lookup Table from the main menu.
The Color Lookup Table dialog box opens.
H.8
Select the original grey values or a color table from the Color
Lookup Table selection list.
H.8
H.8
Click on Cancel, if you do not want to make any changes.

Click on OK, if you want to apply the color table displayed to
the selected images and close the dialog box.
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H.9
3D Editor
H.9
A common problem in evaluating medical images is that areas

relevant to an examination are hidden by other structures,
especially bones. The necessary image information is contained in the volume data set but must be made visible with suitable editing steps.
H.9
In simpler cases you can solve the problem by post-editing in
VOI mode. You can delimit concealing structures manually and
cut them out of the data set.
H.9
In more complex cases, this method will require greater effort if
you want to separate areas relevant to the diagnosis from concealing structures cleanly. In that case we recommend using
the 3D Editor which provides tools for marking and isolating
structures of interest semi-automatically in three-dimensional
space. These structures are referred to as objects.
H.9
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Functions of the 3D Editor
H.9
With the 3D Editor you can perform the following operations: H.9
Object generation with Region Growing
Object management in the object list
Object editing with Object Punching and Morphological
Operations
Region Growing
H.9
Normally in the first step you will generate one or more "objects"
from the volume data set originally loaded in 3D. By specifying
a limited voxel value range you extract only a section of the voxels from the original data set. In this way, you generate an object
in the result segment.
H.9
Instead of extracting globally from the entire volume data set
you can also proceed "slice by slice" (in 3D blocks) using the
Slab Editor.
H.9
You can also set Seed Points in the original data set, thus limiting the creation of an object to defined regions which are also
connected to one another in the specified voxel area.
H.9
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Object Punching
3D Editor
H.9
Like editing volume data sets in VOI mode, you can use the 3D
Editor, too. You are provided with tools for cutting out structures
from an object that you have previously generated.
H.9
Using the Slab Editor you can define your own cutting depth.
H.9
Morphological Operations H.9
In some cases it will not be simple to separate the structures of

an object using the cutting tools. Here we recommend eroding,
or shrinking, the areas of the object by a specified surface thickness until the obscuring structures are no longer contained in
the object. You can subsequently dilate, or blow up, the remaining object areas by a defined surface thickness. As a result, the
irrelevant areas contained at the outset are now removed from
the representation. If you perform the same operations in
reverse order, small cavities in the object will be filled.
H.9
H.9
NOTE
With Morphological Operations you can eliminate small
structures and fill cavities but you will also change the
structures of the target object.
H.9
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Calling up the 3D Editor
H.9
You can edit the volume data set using the 3D Editor in the dialog box Object Editor which you call up as soon as you have
transferred the volume data set to the 3D card in any representation (MPR, MIP, MinIP, SSD, etc.).
H.9
Place the Settings subtask card in the foreground.
Click on the Object Editor button.

The dialog box Object Editor is opened in Region Growing
mode. The segments of the 3D card are repositioned for editing
in the 3D Editor.
H.9
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3D Editor
3D card in editor mode
H.9
When you call up the 3D Editor, the image area of the 3D card
is subdivided into the following segments:
H.9
(1) Slab segment for defining the slice to be edited and representing the resulting series
(2) 3D editor window
(3) Working segment (MPR or MIP/MinIP Thin)
(4) Result segment (SSD)
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Dialog box Object Editor
H.9
The dialog box Object Editor always appears in the bottom lefthand (empty) segment and does not therefore hide any of the
working or result segments.
H.9
It contains the following areas:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
H.9
Tool bar
Object list
Mode-specific tools
General buttons (close 3D editor)
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3D Editor
The Slab Editor
H.9
When you call up the 3D Editor, the loaded series of the last
view to be set appears in the slab segment in the selected display mode. Usually you see a coronal MIP image in the slab
segment and a transversal MPR image in the working segment
whose position in the slab segment is indicated by a navigation
line.
H.9
(1) Navigation line
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Switching on the Slab Editor
H.9
Select the area of interest from the loaded volume data set as
a 3D block. From this 3D block generate and edit the 3D objects
using the editor functions.
H.9
Click on the button Use Slab the tool bar of the dialog box
Object Editor to activate slab mode.
To deactivate slab mode, click again on the Use Slab button.
The block lines are displayed in the slab segment.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
H.9
Upper boundary line of the 3D block

Center line of the 3D block
Navigation line
Lower boundary line of the 3D block
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3D Editor
Changing a 3D block
H.9
All editing operations that you perform in the 3D editor only

affect the structures in the 3D block (within the boundary lines).
You therefore still have to adjust the position, extent, and orientation of the 3D block.
H.9
Enlarging/reducing a 3D
block
H.9
You can enlarge or reduce a 3D block by moving the boundary

lines with the mouse.
H.9
Move the upper boundary line away from the center line
keeping the mouse button pressed to increase the size of the
3D block.
Or
H.9
Drag the boundary line toward the center line to reduce the
size of the 3D block.
The same applies to moving the lower boundary line.
In each case, the center line is moved toward the new center of
the enlarged or reduced 3D block. The other boundary line
remains unchanged.
H.9
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3D Editor
Moving a 3D block
3D Evaluation
H.9
You can move the 3D block within the slab segment using the
center line.
H.9
Pull the center line at its center point to the desired position
keeping the mouse button pressed.
Rotating a 3D block
H.9
You can change the orientation of a 3D block by tilting the center

line or turning the tomographic images.
H.9
Click on the center line (not on the center point) and rotate
the center line in the desired direction keeping the mouse
button pressed.
The entire 3D block is moved together with the navigation line
in the corresponding direction.
H.9
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3D Editor
Or
H.9
Click on the working segment or slab segment and change

the orientation of the tomographic image using the menu
commands and screen buttons.
Page H.311, Setting views in the volume data set
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3D Editor
3D Evaluation
Block by block editing with the Slab Editor
H.9
When generating and postprocessing objects you can successively extract structures from blocks of the original data set. To
do that, you first define a 3D block and then position it at one
end of the volume. When you have extracted the voxels, move
the 3D block within the volume so that it joins on to the end position of the first block. Then start the next extraction and continue
in this way until you have covered the entire volume.
H.9
In this procedure you move the 3D block equidistantly up or
down by one block thickness
H.9
Click on the Move Block + button to move the 3D block in the
opposite direction to the slab arrow by the amount of its thickness.
Or
H.9
Click on the Move Block - button to move the 3D block equidistantly in the direction of the slab arrows.
Or
H.9
Move the navigation line beyond the upper or lower boundary

line of the 3D block.
When you have moved the 3D block, the previous upper boundary line is now the lower line of delimitation and vice versa. H.9
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3D Editor
Creating 3D objects
H.9
By extracting particular voxels from the volume data set you

create objects with the 3D Editor representing organs and
structures, e.g. blood vessels, bones, and soft tissue.
H.9
With Region Growing you create an object from the voxels of
the original data set that are located within a prescribed value
range. You can subsequently expand the objects by adding voxels from other value ranges.
H.9
The use of Seed Points and Blocker allows you to define as an
object only the regions that you have selected and which are
spatially connected, taking the specified threshold range into
account.
H.9
In the slab segment (top left) you can apply the creation of
objects to an entire volume data set or limit it to one 3D block.
Page H.97, The Slab Editor
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3D Evaluation
Creating an object with threshold

You usually create new objects with Region Growing mode.
H.9
H.9
Call up Settings > Editor Region Growing....

Or
H.9
Click on the button Object Editor.

Or
H.9
Click on the button Region Growing on the tool bar of the

dialog box Object Editor.
The tools for thresholding are now displayed in the dialog box
Object Editor.
H.9
H.9
(1) Tools for thresholding
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Selecting a new object
3D Editor
H.9
The list of objects that have been created for the loaded volume
data set is displayed in the central area of the dialog box Object
Editor. When you edit the list for the first time it contains the
entry "new".
H.9
If objects have already been defined for the volume data set,
you can now select them from the object list and postprocess
them.
Page H.924, Working with the object list
Click on new to define a new object.
Setting a threshold
H.9
In the dialog box Object Editor you will first see the default or
last threshold values to have been used to reconstruct an
object. The associated areas are highlighted in color in the
working segment (top right).
H.9
You can use predefined threshold value pairs or define new
threshold value ranges to create new objects.
H.9
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3D Editor
3D Evaluation
Select the threshold value suitable for your diagnostic problem from the Presets list.
Or
H.9
Enter new threshold values in the spin box and confirm them
with the Enter key.
Or
H.9
H.9
Set a threshold value with the slider.

Drag the end boundaries of the slider with the mouse to
increase or decrease the threshold range.
Move the center mark of the slider to change the position of
the threshold value range.
The threshold values you enter are applied to the representation in the working segment.
H.9
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Displaying an object
3D Editor
H.9
As soon as you have set the threshold values start reconstruction of the object.
H.9
Click on the button Add to Object.
The reconstructed object appears in the result segment.
H.9
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3D Editor
Undo
3D Evaluation
H.9
You can undo the last task, e.g. Add to Object, if the entries
you have made are incorrect.
H.9
Click on the button Undo Last Step.
Saving presets
H.9
When you have found suitable threshold value pairs you can
store them under a new name in the preset list.
Page H.611, Creating and processing predefined threshold
values
H.9
Overwrite the original name with a name of your choice.
Store the new threshold values by clicking the button.
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3D Editor
Creating an object with Region Growing
H.9
Once you have created an object by defining the threshold values, you limit the size of the object with the functions Define
Seed Points and Draw Blocker.
H.9
Selecting an object
H.9
Click on the object in the object list.
Setting Seed Points
H.9
In the working segment you can see the selected object within
the defined threshold values.
H.9
Click on the button Define Seed Points in the Region Growing window area.
H.9
Click on the relevant points in the working segment with the

left mouse button to set the Seed Points.
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3D Editor
3D Evaluation
You can set any number of Seed Points and move them by
clicking on them and dragging them with the mouse.
Deleting seed points
H.9
If you have set too many Seed Points you can delete them
again.
H.9
Click with the left mouse button on the Seed Point and then
press the Del key on your keyboard.
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Setting a blocker
3D Editor
H.9
With blockers you can limit growing of the voxel areas starting
from the seed points. To do that you define boundary lines
beyond which the voxel areas are not allowed to grow.
H.9
Switch to MIP display in the working segment.
If necessary, use the Slab Editor.
Click on the button Draw Blocker in the window area
Region Growing.
H.9
Click with the left mouse button on the required starting point
of the boundary line in the working segment.
Click on any other point in the image at which the direction of
the curve must change.
Or
H.9
Draw a continuous line by dragging the mouse cursor across

the image keeping the left mouse button pressed.
Terminate the line with a double-click.
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3D Editor
3D Evaluation
You can draw one or several freehand curves into your working segment.
Removing a blocker
H.9
You can remove any freehand curves that you no longer need
at any time.
H.9
Click with the left mouse button on the Blocker that you want
to delete and then press the Del key.
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3D Editor
H.9
Once you have set the Seed Points and drawn in any Blockers
you require you can start reconstruction of the object.
H.9
Click on the button Replace Object.
You can also set a threshold value range from the beginning
and use Seed Points and Blockers. You can generate a new
object with Add to Object.
The edited object appears in the result segment.
Undo
H.9
H.9
You can undo the last step, e.g. Replace Object, if entries are
incorrect.
H.9
Click on the button Undo Last Step.
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3D Editor
3D Evaluation
Working with the object list
H.9
The object list appears as soon as the Object Editor is opened.

All predefined and new objects are displayed in the list.
H.9
(1) Name of object

(2) Check box to display the object in the slab segment
(3) Selected object for display in the result segment
(4) New (empty) object
You can select one or several objects simultaneously in the
object list. The selected objects are displayed in the result segH.9
ment.
In the object list you can see the name, color, visibility, volume
and status of the object. As soon as you change a predefined
object in the working segment, the status "modified" is entered
in the list.
H.9
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3D Editor
Volume values are not exact, especially on images that are

not distortion-corrected.
The Remark column is added to the object list as soon as
you have loaded images on which further information has to
be provided (e.g., MR images which are not distortion-corrected).
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3D Editor
3D Evaluation
Selecting objects
H.9
When you open the dialog box Object Editor, the existing
objects of the loaded volume data set appear in the object list.
The list is updated every time an object is updated.
H.9
Individual object
H.9
Click on an object in the object list.

The selected object appears in the result segment.
H.9
The selected object does not appear in the slab segment until
you activate it in the object list via the check box.
Several objects
H.9
Check several objects one after the other while keeping the
Ctrl key pressed.
All the selected objects are displayed in the result segment in
the color assigned to them.
H.9
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3D Editor
Changing object properties
H.9
You can change the color of objects in the result segment to

provide a more realistic representation of the structure. You can
keep your object list understandable by assigned appropriate
names (e.g. Bone for bone structure).
H.9
Assigning a color
H.9
Double-click with the left mouse button on the field Color of

the selected object.
The color palette is displayed.
H.9
Select the required color and confirm with OK.

The object appears in the result segment with the new color.
H.9
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3D Editor
Changing an object name
3D Evaluation
H.9
Select an object from the object list with the mouse.

Click again on the entry keeping the mouse pressed for a
short time.
A text input field is displayed.
H.9
Enter a name for the new object via the keyboard and confirm it with the Return key.
Displaying objects in the slab segment
H.9
The objects contained in the object list can be hidden or

revealed individually in the slab segment. In that way you determine which areas are to be stored as a new series for further
processing.
H.9
Displaying objects
H.9
Check the check boxes of the objects to be displayed in the

slab segment.
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Hiding an object
3D Editor
H.9
Uncheck the check box of the relevant object again.
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3D Editor
Displaying the complement

area
H.9
3D Evaluation
The Punched Volume contains all the voxels of the original

data set not yet contained in objects.
H.9
Activate Punched Volume to display the residual data set.
The Punched Volume and all objects activated in the object list
H.9
are displayed.
If, for example, you only want to hide the blood in the data set,
deselect the blood objects from the list and activate all the
remaining objects as well as Punched Volume.
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3D Editor
H.9
Whenever you create or change objects you must update the

views. Only then are the changes made to objects activated.
For example, an object hidden in an object list is not removed
from the display in the two upper segments until the display is
updated.
H.9
Click on Update Masking to apply the changes of your
object editing.
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3D Editor
3D Evaluation
Saving, adding, deleting objects
H.9
You can manage existing objects or objects you have just created with the object list. It is recommended that you save intermediate versions while you are working which you can restore
whenever necessary. If you want to keep a particular version of
an object but want to continue working on it, simply create a
duplicate.
H.9
Delete any objects that you no longer require from the object
list. This keeps the object list and the database in which the
objects are stored to a manageable size.
H.9
Storing an intermediate
version of the object
H.9
With the mouse select the objects in the object list for which
you want to store an intermediate version.
Click on the button Save Selected Objects.
Restoring an object
version
H.9
You have continued working on an object for which you created

in intermediate version and would like to restore the previous
version.
H.9
Select the object in question from the object list with the
mouse.
Click on the button Reload Selected Objects.
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3D Editor
H.9
N OT E
Any changes you have made to an object after you stored
an intermediate version of it are lost if you restore that
version.
H.9
Duplicating an object
H.9
During your work on an object you have arrived at a version that

you do not want to lose by continued work on it. Duplicate this
object and then continue work on the new duplicated object. In
this way, you can make several versions of an object by producing further duplicates.
H.9
With the mouse select the object from the object list that you
want to duplicate.
Click on the button Duplicate Selected Object.
The new object is stored under the same name but with the
extension 1 (or 2, 3,... for further duplicates of this object) to the
end of the object list.
H.9
Creating a new object
H.9
Create a new object for each new extraction of voxels from the
volume data set.
H.9
Click on the button New Object.
A new object with the name new Object 1 (or new Object 2,
new Object 3,...) is appended to the end of the object list. H.9
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3D Editor
Deleting an object
3D Evaluation
H.9
You can remove any objects that you no longer require from the
object list.
H.9
With the mouse select the objects that you want to delete
from the object list.
Click on the button Delete Selected Objects.

Confirm deletion of the selected objects in the dialog box displayed.
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3D Editor
Postprocessing objects
H.9
The 3D editor offers you the functions Object Punching and

Morphological Operations for fine editing of objects.
H.9
With these functions you can edit existing objects that you can
access from the object list.
H.9
Cutting out structures
H.9
With Object Punching mode you can cut freely definable areas
out of the object.
H.9
Activating Object
Punching
Call up Settings > Editor Object Punching....

H.9
Or
H.9
Click on the button Object Punching in the tool bar of the

dialog box Object Editor.
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3D Editor
3D Evaluation
The tools of Object Punching mode are displayed in the bottom half of the dialog box Object Editor.
H.9
(1) Tools of Object Punching mode.
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Defining a cutting depth
3D Editor
H.9
You can extend the cutting out of structures to the entire volume
data set or limit it to one 3D block (Slab). If you work in slab
mode, the cutting depth is limited by the size of the 3D block. H.9
Click on Use Slab to hide or reveal the 3D block in the slab
segment.
If necessary, set the required position, extent, and orientation of the 3D block.
Drawing in a cut line
H.9
Now draw a contour around the object structures that you want
to cut out in the result segment.
H.9
Click on the button Draw Contour.
H.9
Set the starting point of your contour with a mouse click.

Set further contour points with the mouse.
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3D Editor
3D Evaluation
The individual contour points are joined up by the straight line.H.9
Or
H.9
Draw a continuous line around the required structure while

keeping the left mouse pressed.
Close each contour in question with a double click.
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Editing cut lines
3D Editor
H.9
You can lengthen, shorten, and move the cut lines that you have
drawn using handles.
H.9
Click on a cut line with the mouse to show the handles.
Change the length and orientation of the cut line using the
lateral handles.
Move the cut line using the center graphic marker.
Removing cut lines
H.9
If the contour that you have drawn does not meet your requirements, simply delete the line.
H.9
Click on the line with the mouse to mark it.
Press the Del key on your keyboard to delete the cut line.
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3D Editor
Cutting out structures
3D Evaluation
H.9
Once you have drawn in a contour and adapted its position and
extent, you can reveal or delete the structures in the contour. H.9
H.9
Click on the button Keep Inside.

The structures outside the contour are deleted.
H.9
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3D Editor
Or
H.9
Click on the button Remove Inside.

The structures inside the contour are removed.
H.9
With the tools Draw Contour and Remove Inside you can
successively remove structures from the object and gradually
adapt the object to its most important structures.
Undo
H.9
If you remove any structures accidentally you can undo the last
step.
H.9
Click on Undo Last Step.
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3D Editor
3D Evaluation
Morphological editing
H.9
You apply morphological operations if structures inside the

object cannot be separated simply with the cutting tools. You
can remove edge areas in the representation by eroding, or
shrinking, and then dilating, or blowing up, an object. If you perform the same operations in reverse order, small cavities in the
object will be filled.
H.9
With the Morphological Operations, you can also produce
softer transitions for VRT display, for example.
Activating Morphological
Operations
Call up Settings > Editor Morphological Operations....

H.9
Or
H.9
Click on the button Morphological Operations in the tool

bar of the dialog box Object Editor.
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3D Editor
The tools for the Morphological Operations are displayed in the

lower half of the dialog box Object Editor.
H.9
(1) Tools of Morphological Operations mode
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3D Editor
Eroding an object
3D Evaluation
H.9
Enter the surface thickness via the spin box by which the
object is to be eroded or shrunk.
Then click on the Erode Object button.
The eroded object appears in the result segment.
H.9
If there are still structures concealing the object you can enter
a new surface thickness and erode the object again.
H.9
Undo
H.9
If the result is unsatisfactory you can undo the last step.
H.9
Click on Undo Last Step.
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Dilating an object
3D Editor
H.9
You have eroded the object so far that it no longer contains concealing structures. Now dilate, or blow up, the object to the
desired size.
H.9
Enter the surface thickness via the spin box by which the
object is to be dilated.
Then click on the Dilate Object button.
The object is displayed with the relevant areas in the result segment.
H.9
Use the Undo function if you have used the incorrect surface
thickness to dilate the object.
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3D Editor
3D Evaluation
Closing the 3D Editor
H.9
Once you have defined and evaluated as objects all the structures to be displayed, you can close the 3D Editor.
H.9
When you close the 3D Editor the objects are saved to your
local database together with the original series.
H.9
Closing the 3D Editor
H.9
H.9
Click on the Close button in the dialog box Object Editor to

close the 3D Editor.
Or
H.9
Click on this button.
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CHAPTER
H.10
Fusion
H.10
The function Fusion allows you to combine the results of different acquisition techniques or acquisitions performed at different
times by overlaying them.
H.10
Two image series are loaded in 3D and then aligned spatially
and overlaid with Fusion. The initial data sets are merged to a
new data set. In this data set, matching image pairs from the
two loaded series are linked and can then be displayed for diagnostic purposes like two slides one on top of the other.
H.10
Options
H.10
The following functions are optional:
H.10
Aligning with reference points

Automatic Registration
Surface Matching
H.10
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Using fused images for diagnosis.
H.10
Consequence: Incorrect diagnosis.
H.10
Remedy: Do not use fused images for diagnosis if the

history of manipulations is not well known.
H.10
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Fusion
3D Evaluation
Functions of Fusion
H.10
To perform an evaluation with Fusion, you must execute the

three following steps:
H.10
Loading two different image series of a patient
Align the two image series
Edit the display parameters
Loading
H.10
In the first step you load two volume data sets in 3D, one reference series and one model series.
H.10
The reference series serves as an anchor for subsequent overlaying of the two image data sets.
H.10
The model series is aligned spatially on the reference series.H.10
Aligning
H.10
In the alignment step, the data of the model series is aligned

spatially to the reference series.
H.10
You can align the two image series automatically (Automatic
Registration), by selecting threshold values (Surface Matching),
by assigning points (landmarks) or by shifting the model series
visually (visual alignment).
H.10
Editing the Fusion image

data set
H.10
Once you have successfully aligned the image data sets you
can edit the display parameters in order to display them specific. You can window individual image series and color display
of the Fusion images. You can then apply the whole range of 3D
functions to the merged image data set.
H.10
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Fusion
Calling up Fusion
H.10
To perform the function Fusion you require two volume data

sets, the reference series and the model series.
H.10
Both image series should cover approximately the same examination range.
H.10
If you select a data set that has already been processed with
Fusion, it is loaded in 3D together with the previously stored
alignment. It is then not necessary to realign the overlaid
series.
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Fusion
3D Evaluation
Loading image data sets
H.10
In normal operation, you select the two image series for your
Fusion evaluation in the Patient Browser and transfer them
one after the other to the 3D task card.
H.10
If you had already processed the reference series in 3D with
another function (e.g. editor), you can load the missing model
series from the Patient Browser.
H.10
If you want to load image series of different patients, you have
to confirm a corresponding message. The overlay of images
of different patients is marked in the Image text.
H.10
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Loading unintentionally image data sets
of different patients.
H.10
Consequence: Mix-up of patients and incorrect diagnosis
possible.
H.10
Remedy: When loading reference and model series, take
care that you select the data of the correct patient. H.10
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Loading a new series
Fusion
H.10
Call up Patient Browser (Patient > Patient Browser).

Select the series that you want to use as reference images
in the navigation or content area.
Call up Applications > 3D > MPR from the main menu.
Or
H.10
Click on the 3D-MPR on the toolbar of the Patient Browser.

If you have activated the function Close after loading, the
Patient Browser dialog box is closed as soon as the images
are loaded.
Select the series that you want to use as model images in the
navigation or content area of the Patient Browser.
Call up Applications > 3D > Fusion from the main menu.
Or
H.10
Click on the Fusion button on the toolbar of the Patient

Browser.
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Fusion
Loading the model series

subsequently
3D Evaluation
H.10
You have already loaded an image data into the 3D task card
and now want to overlay another image data set on top of it. H.10
Call up Patient Browser (Patient > Patient Browser).
Select the series that you want to use for the model images
in the navigation or content area of the Patient Browser.
Call up Applications > 3D > Fusion from the main menu.
Or
H.10
Click on the Fusion button on the toolbar of the Patient

Browser.
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Fusion
3D card in Fusion mode
H.10
The images of the loaded reference and model series are displayed overlaid in the first three segments.
H.10
In the fourth segment, a dialog box is displayed which supports
you with the alignment of the images in the reference and model
series.
H.10
(1) Image area

Three orthogonal views of the loaded images.
(2) Dialog box Fusion Registration
Operating elements for overlaying images.
(3) Settings subtask card
Buttons for overlaying and displaying images.
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Fusion
3D Evaluation
Aligning image series
H.10
As soon as you have loaded the image series for processing

with Fusion you can align them in orientation and rotation. You
perform these steps with the help of dialog box Fusion Registration.
H.10
Call up Fusion > Fusion Registration from the main menu.
Or
H.10
H.10
Click on the Fusion Registration button in the Image subtask card.
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Fusion
The dialog box Fusion Registration contains the following

functions:
H.10
Registration matrix
Lists all available matrices (user defined, the initial, and the
default matrix). After entering a new name here, you can
save your current registration as a new matrix or delete it.
Landmarks
Both loaded image series are made to match using suitable
reference points.
Visual Alignment
The two loaded image series are (manually) made to match
visually.
H.10
The two loaded series are automatically made to match.
Surface Matching
The two loaded image series are made to match on the basis
of preset threshold values specific of the tissue structure.
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Fusion
3D Evaluation
Registration Matrix
H.10
You can save intermediate steps or the final result of a Fusion

registration by saving the corresponding registration matrix.
You can also assign the initial or the default matrix.
H.10
The matrix will be saved to the Local Database. You find it in the
"3D Application Data" series of the reference series as a nonimage object.
H.10
When you are registering the series for the first time (and no
matrices have been defined), only the "Initial" and "Default"
matrices are shown.
H.10
Initial
H.10
If the last alignment that you saved is unsuitable, you can return
to the initial position.
H.10
Choose the Initial matrix from the Registration matrix list.
Default
H.10
If you are working on a combination device (e.g. CT-PET scanner) you have an additional option: calling up a default alignment stored in the system and applying it to the alignment of a
reference and model series.
H.10
Choose the Default matrix from the Registration matrix list.
User Defined
H.10
After aligning the series (which modifies the matrix) and applying the Save Registration button, a matrix with the name "User
Defined" is stored for this registration (you can also change the
name of the matrix).
H.10
Later you can save further versions or update existing ones.
H.10
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Re-use of Matrices
Fusion
H.10
The next time you load two series, the last used matrix is automatically applied. You can further modify this matrix, or make
changes and save it under another name.
H.10
It is possible to re-use a matrix for a registered series together
with another series, if these series are geometrically compatible.
Saving a Registration
Matrix
H.10
In the Fusion Registration dialog box, enter a new name in the

Registration matrix field, overwrite an existing name, or keep
the current name to save as an updated version.
H.10
It is not possible to overwrite the Default and Initial matrices. When you try to do so, the matrix is stored with a generated name instead: User Defined.
Deleting a Stored Matrix
H.10
Click the Save Registration icon.
H.10
Select a name from the Registration Matrix list.
H.10
Click the Delete icon.

The selected registration matrix is deleted from the list and from
H.10
the database.
It is not possible to delete the Default and Initial matrices.
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Fusion
3D Evaluation
Aligning images visually
H.10
With Visual Alignment you make the reference and model

series match by aligning the model images in the three segments step by step with the reference images.
H.10
Click on the button Visual Alignment in the dialog box
Fusion Registration to display the functions of Visual
Alignment.
(1) Double direction arrow

for large image movements
(2) Single direction arrow
for small image movements
(3) Double rotation arrow
for large image rotations
(4) Single rotation arrow
for small image rotations
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Fusion
The two image series are displayed overlaid. In three segments

of the image area you can see the reference and model images
in three orthogonal views. To help you distinguish between
them they are displayed in different colors.
H.10
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Fusion
Processing images
3D Evaluation
H.10
H.10
Using Zoom/Pan and Rotate object you can find the most suitable position to start the alignment of the two series.
H.10
Activate the option zoom/pan via Smart Select.
Or
H.10
H.10
Click the Zoom/Pan icon button in the upper part of the control area.
Zoom or pan the image.
Activate the option rotate object via Smart Select.
Or
H.10
H.10
Click on the icon button in the upper part of the control area.
Rotate the image.
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Moving a model series
Fusion
H.10
Activate the option align model via Smart Select, if necessary.

Drag the model series from the center of the segment into
the desired direction while keeping the left mouse button
pressed.
Or
H.10
Click on a single direction arrow in the overview drawing of

the function window Visual Alignment.
The model series moves by 1 mm in the selected direction.
H.10
Or
H.10
Click on a double direction arrow.

The model series moves by 10 mm in the selected direction.
H.10
Rotating a model series
H.10
Activate the option align model via Smart Select, if necessary.

Move the mouse pointer along the edge of the segment to
rotate the model series in the plane while keeping the left
Or
H.10
Click on a single rotation arrow in the overview drawing of the

function window Visual Alignment.
The model series turns in steps of 1 in the selected direction.H.10
Or
H.10
Click on a double rotation arrow.

The model series turns in the selected direction in steps of
10.
H.10
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Fusion
Saving alignment images
3D Evaluation
H.10
You can intermediately save any promising alignments you

have performed.
H.10
You can call up these versions whenever you need them by
selecting the corresponding matrix from the registration matrix
list.
H.10
H.10
NOTE
Whenever you make an improvement by turning and
moving the images, you should save the new alignment to
the database. You can then return to a previous result if the
two series start to drift apart again.
H.10
Click on the Save button to save the current alignment

matrix.
You can save the alignment as often you want. The previous
result is then overwritten by the new one.
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Fusion
Aligning images with reference points
H.10
You align image series with reference points, if you have

detected distinctive structures in both data sets.
H.10
Click on the Landmarks button in the dialog box Fusion
Registration to display the functions of Landmarks.
(1) Buttons
For setting and editing reference points.
(2) List of reference points
With deviation from the current alignment (when there are
at least three defined reference point pairs).
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Fusion
3D Evaluation
The reference series is displayed in the two left segments and

the model series in the right segments of the image area. You
can address all the image segments separately.
H.10
(1) Reference images

Sagittal view above, axial view below
(2) Model images
Sagittal view above, axial view below
(3) Reference lines with cross hair
on all images
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Defining reference points
Fusion
H.10
You first define a reference point at a distinguishing location in

the volume. Then you place the associated second reference
point at the relevant position in the other series. The result is a
reference point pair on which your system for aligning a model
series to a reference series is based.
H.10
Set the views in the reference segments in which you can
clearly see the position for the reference point.
Move the crosshair in one of the reference segments to the
desired reference point position keeping the left mouse button pressed.
In the other reference segment check whether the crosshair
is located at the correct position and move it, if necessary.
Now define the associated reference point on the model side
in the same way.
Click on the button Add to apply the reference point pair.
The new reference point is numbered and entered in the list of
reference points. Your system now anchors the model series at
the defined reference points with the reference series.
H.10
The more points you define, the more precise the overlaying
of the two image series will be. You must define at least three
reference points to determine the spatial alignment of the
series.You can define up to 100 landmarks.
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Fusion
Displaying a reference
point
3D Evaluation
H.10
H.10
Click on the entry in the list that refers to the reference point.
Click on the Goto button.
Or
H.10
Double-click on the relevant entry.

The crosshair jumps to the position of the selected reference
point. The displayed reference point is marked in the table with
a blue background.
H.10
Repositioning a reference
point
H.10
Display one of the reference points.

Move the crosshair in both series to the required position
keeping the left mouse button pressed.
Click on the Update button.
Deleting a reference point H.10
Display one of the reference points.

Click on the Remove button.
The marked reference point is deleted.
H.10
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Deleting all reference

points
Fusion
H.10
H.10
Click on the Remove All button if you want to delete all

defined reference points.
A dialog box is displayed in which you must confirm deleting of
all reference points.
H.10
H.10
H.10

matrix.
Page H.1016, Saving alignment images
Page H.1015, Rotating a model series
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H.1021
Fusion
3D Evaluation
H.10
With Automatic Registration the model series is automatically

aligned with the reference series. You use this procedure mainly
for image series of different modalities from the same patient.H.10
H.10
Click on the Automatic Registration button in the dialog box

Fusion Registration to display the functions of Automatic
Registration.
H.10
It is important to roughly align the model series in the segments with the reference series.
Page H.1015, Moving a model series
Page H.1015, Rotating a model series
Select Precise registration for highly precise or Fast registration for fast overlaying.
H.10
Click on the Register button.
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Fusion
The two image series are now made to match and successively
aligned with each other. You can watch the progress of overlaying in the image area in the three orthogonal views.
H.10
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3D Evaluation
The dialog display shows the progress of the alignment operation.

H.10
H.10
Click on the Stop button if you are satisfied with the results
and do not want to wait until operation has been completed.
The alignment obtained so far is retained.
H.10
H.10
H.10

matrix.
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Fusion
Surface Matching
H.10
With Surface Matching you align the model images with the
reference images on the basis of threshold values corresponding to a specific tissue structure. You use this procedure in follow-up examinations to compare different data sets of the same
patient.
H.10
H.10
Click on the Surface Matching button in the dialog box

Fusion Registration to display the functions of Surface
Matching.
H.10
(1)
(2)
(1) Threshold values of the reference series

(2) Threshold values of the model series
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Fusion
3D Evaluation
The reference series is displayed in the two left segments and

the model series in the two right segments of the image area.H.10
(1) Reference images

Axial view (MPR) above, coronal view (SSD) below
(2) Model images
Axial view (MPR) above, coronal view (SSD) below
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Fusion
Entering threshold values H.10
Select a tissue structure for which you want to make the two
image series match (e.g. bone, skin).
Set modality-specific threshold values corresponding to this
tissue structure for the reference series.
Select the corresponding threshold values for the model
series.
The image areas inside the value range are highlighted in color
in the corresponding segments.
H.10
Starting overlaying
H.10
H.10
Click on the Register button in the dialog box Fusion

Registration.
The two image series are now made to match and successively
aligned with each other. You can watch the progress of overlaying in the image area in the three orthogonal views.
H.10
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3D Evaluation
A bar display shows the progress of the alignment process.
H.10
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Fusion
H.10
Click on the Stop button if you are satisfied with the results
and do not want to wait until overlaying has been completed.
The alignment obtained so far is retained.
H.10
Changing threshold
values
H.10
As soon as you have started overlaying, the Register button

changes into Define.
With Define you have the possibility to repeat overlaying with
other threshold values.
H.10
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3D Evaluation
H.10
Click on the Define button.

The images of the reference and model series are now displayed side by side again and the threshold values can be
changed.
H.10
H.10
H.10

matrix.
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Fusion
Closing alignment
H.10
If you have alignment the model series and reference series

with sufficient precision you can store the overlaying in the local
database.
H.10
Applying overlaying
H.10
H.10
Click on the OK button in order to keep your alignment

defined so far.
Canceling overlaying
H.10
Click on Cancel if you want to dismiss alignment of the database.
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Fusion
3D Evaluation
Displaying overlaid images
H.10
Once you have aligned the image data sets and confirmed
overlaying, you can display the image data sets both next to one
another (Side-by-Side) and overlaid (Fusion).
H.10
Side-by-Side mode
H.10
In Side-by-Side mode, both image data sets are displayed side

by side in separate segments.
H.10
Call up Fusion > Fusion Side by Side from the main menu.
Or
H.10
Click on the button Side-by-Side on the Image subtask card

to activate the Side-by-Side display.
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Fusion
The left image area is used to display the reference images and
the right for the model images. To assist assignment in space,
two coupled mouse pointers are displayed that move across
both data sets synchronously. The coupled mouse pointer is
marked in a color.
H.10
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Fusion
Setting the view
3D Evaluation
H.10
In Side-by-Side mode, you move through the image stack on

the reference segment. The corresponding image is automatically displayed on the model segment. You can change the view
of the merged data set by one of the following methods:
H.10
Paging
Page H.317, Paging with the dog ears
Page H.319, Rotating the volume with the mouse
Using a crosshair
H.10
Setting the display mode
H.10
In Side-by-Side mode, the following display modes are possible:

H.10
MPR; MPR Thick
MIP, MIP Thin
MinIP, MinIP Thin

Fused MPR, Fused MIP
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Fusion
H.10
SSD
H.10
VRT, VRT Thin
Click on the relevant button on the Type subtask card.

Closing Side-by-Side
H.10
H.10
Click on the button Side-by-Side to close the Side-by-Side

view.
The merged data set is now displayed in fusion mode.
H.10
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Fusion
3D Evaluation
Fusion mode
H.10
In fusion mode, both image data sets are displayed like two
slides placed on top of each other.
H.10
Call up Fusion > Fused MPR from the main menu.
Or
H.10
Click on the Fused MPR button on the Type subtask card to

the selected segment to MPR type.
The two image data sets are displayed in different colors to help
you distinguish between them. The overlaid image data set is
displayed as it is for Visual Alignment in three orthogonal displays in three segments.
H.10
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Setting the view
Fusion
H.10
In fusion mode you move through the image stack in each segment. You can change the view of the merged data set by one
of the following methods:
H.10
Paging
Page H.317, Paging with the dog ears
Page H.319, Rotating the volume with the mouse
Using a crosshair
H.10
N OT E
Creating curved cuts, 3D editor objects, and VOI punchings
affects the reference series only.
H.10
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3D Evaluation
Changing the display
H.10
Once you have successfully overlaid your images, you can optimize the window values, the mixing ratio, and color display of
the images so that you can recognize the structures of individual image data sets more easily.
H.10
Call up Fusion > Fusion Definition from the main menu.
Or
H.10
Click on the Fused MPR button with the right mouse button.
The dialog box Fusion Definition is displayed.
H.10
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Windowing in a segment
Fusion
H.10
Drag mouse starting in the left half of a segment to change

the window position (brightness) and window width (contrast) of the reference series using the middle mouse button.
Or
H.10
Drag mouse starting in the right half of a segment to change

the window position (brightness) and window width (contrast) of the model series using the middle mouse button.
Page G.412, Windowing with the mouse
Windowing in the dialog
box
H.10
H.10
Move the slider for the data set in question to change the window position (brightness).
Move the right or left edge of the slide to change the window
width (contrast).
Or
H.10
Enter the window values numerically into the edit fields and
confirm with the Enter key.
With nuclear medical images the slider determining the width
of the windowed area can also be moved beyond the limits of
the range displayed in the dialog box.
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Fusion
SUV (Standard Uptake

Values)
3D Evaluation
H.10
H.10
The SUV (standard uptake value) checkbox is displayed for

PET images only.
H.10
Check this box to use the value for SUV activity of tissue
rather than the default percentage values.
H.10
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: SUV calculation is based on earliest
acquisition date and time within selected and loaded data
set and the first image (with earliest acquisition date and
time) is not within the selection.
H.10
Consequence: Incorrect SUV calculation.
H.10
Remedy: Make sure to select the first image of the data set
for correct calculation.
H.10
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Mixing ratio
Fusion
H.10
To emphasize certain information of one of the two image data

sets, increase its relative importance in the fused image.
H.10
Pull the slider with the left mouse button in the direction of the
data set whose intensity you want to increase.
Display
H.10
In order to delimit the reference and model series more precisely you can change the color marking of the image data
sets.
H.10
Select the color representation you want in the selection list

for the reference or model data set (LUT, Look Up Table).
Page H.89, Changing the image display with color LUTs
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Fusion
Advanced
3D Evaluation
H.10
H.10
The Fusion Definition dialog box provides an advanced Masking section for hiding pixel ranges in the fused display.
H.10
Click on the Advanced >> button.
The Fusion Definition dialog box is enlarged so you can define
H.10
which pixel ranges are masked out.
If you want to hide the numerical setting area, simply click on
the Advanced << button again.
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Masking
Fusion
H.10
With the masking function, you define individual visibility thresholds for the reference and for the model series. Only gray-scale
values that are within the thresholds are used for alpha-blending.
H.10
Resize a slider with the left or right side grip to change the
covered range of pixels.
Or
H.10
Enter the value into the corresponding L(ow) or H(igh) fields.

Or
H.10
Drag the slider to move the complete range to another position.

The displayed blended segments immediately reflect the
change. All pixels outside the threshold interval are ignored.
They are not over-blended with the other series.
H.10
The masking thresholds are also stored with the registration
matrix, together with all other blending parameters.
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Fusion
3D Evaluation
Saving result images
H.10
You can save the resulting fusion images to the local database,
send them to a DICOM node, or copy them to the Filming task
card.
H.10
The images are saved as they are currently displayed.
Fusion mode
H.10
H.10
When you save a selected image in the Fusion visualization

mode, the stored image data will be of DICOM Secondary Capture type (modality SC).
H.10
Side by Side
H.10
When you save images in Side by Side visualization mode, the

currently displayed type is used (for example, MPR or MIP
Thin).
H.10
It is indicated in the image text if fusion results originate from

series of 2 different patients.
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Fusion
Results for non 3-D applications
H.10
It is possible to save Fusion results for common viewing applications, such as the syngo Viewer or MagicView. These viewers are used to compare the original with the fused images. H.10
You have to store 2 or 3 different series of images with the correct position, thickness and orientation.
H.10
The first series consists of a 3D range from the reference
series.
The second series consists of a 3D range from the model
series.
The third series consists of a 3D range of images that have
been fused from the two series (optional).
There are two possibilities to generate these different series: H.10
Resampling data
Creating ranges explicitly
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Fusion
Resampling data
3D Evaluation
H.10
Select Fusion > Resample Data from the main menu if you
want the data to be resampled.
Depending on the configuration three new series with the position, thickness, orientation and resolution of the reference
series are created and stored in the Local Database together
with the registration matrix:
H.10
the resampled data set of the model series: Resampled<Modality><#>"
the resampled data set of the fused images: Resampled<Modality of Reference><Modality of Model><#>
registration matrix: ResampledRegistration<#>
# starts from one and is incremented with each new recalculation.
See Page H.149, Configuring resampling for details on
the configuration.
During calculation, the result images will not be displayed.
The dialog 3D: Resample Data in Progress displays the
progress of the calculation.
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Create Series
Fusion
H.10
Select Settings > Parallel Ranges from the main menu.

A range is calculated with alpha-blended images and the Parallel Ranges dialog is displayed.
H.10
Select the modality of the reference series, e.g. MR, from the
Output Type dropdown list.
Set the desired range parameters and click Start.
Save the calculated range.
Repeat the last two steps, without changing the range
parameters.
Select first the modality of the model series e.g. PET, calculate the range and save it.
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3D Evaluation
Then select e.g. MR_PET for the calculation of a range of

fused images.
If both datasets have the same modality, "pre" and "post" is
added: "<MOD>pre" or "<MOD>post", e.g., "PTpre".
The Output Type dropdown list is only visible, if a second
data set is loaded and Parallel Ranges or Expand ranges is
active.
The resolution of the calculated range of output type "from
model" depends on the configuration.
Page H.149, Configuring resampling
H.10
NOTE
During these steps it is important not to change the range
parameters or the range graphic.
H.10
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CHAPTER
H.11
Fly Through
H.11
Fly Through allows you to visualize representations of the

anatomy by creating 3-dimensional object models and is used
to visualize cavities, such as colon, bronchial system and arteries from positions within the volume.
H.11
All data records that can be loaded in 3D serve as starting data
for evaluations with Fly Through.
H.11
Procedure
H.11
Use Fly Through to move through cavities in volumes that are

visualized in the so-called Fly segment:
H.11
free movement within the volume
defined movement within the volume (move along a calculated or defined path)
A virtual camera is navigated within the object model and a display is created showing the walls of the objects from the inside
(even inner ear or vessels).
H.11
Fly View Volume (FVV)
H.11
The so-called Fly View Volume (FVV) is displayed in the reference segments and represents the actual field of view of the virtual camera.
H.11
You can change the display in the Fly segment by changing
the properties and the position of the FVV.
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Fly Through
Legal Instructions
3D Evaluation
H.11
Federal Law restricts this device to sale by, or on order of, a

physician (only USA).
This device is not cleared as a screening device.
This procedure has not been demonstrated to be a replacement for any conventional endoscopic or angiographic procedure.
H.11
N OT E
Colors displayed are simulated and do not indicate actual
anatomic colors.
H.11
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Fly Through
Starting Fly Through
H.11
After having loaded the images in the 3D card, define the starting point of your visualization. Then start Fly Through.
H.11
Select a reference segment.
You should bear in mind that when the Fly mode is activated
the FVV in this segment is displayed perpendicularly to the
image plane.
Page H.1111, Fly View Volume (FVV)
Shift the point of intersection of the reference lines in the
selected reference segment to the cavity of interest.
Select Settings > Fly Through in the menu.
Or
H.11
Click the Fly Through button in the Settings subtask card.
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Fly Through
3D Evaluation
The Fly view appears in the segment at the lower right in the
SSD (Surface Shaded Display) mode.
H.11
The FVV is displayed in the 3 reference segments.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
H.11
Sagittal view
Transverse view
Coronal view
Fly segment
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Fly Through
Changing the display mode
H.11
Set the desired mode in the reference segments in the usual

way via the Type subtask card.
H.11
In the Fly segment you can switch the display between SSD and
VRT.
H.11
SSD (Fly view)
H.11
The SSD (Fly view) mode is the standard setting of the Fly segment and corresponds to the SSD mode of 3D images.
H.11
Select the Fly segment.
Click the SSD button in the Type subtask card to enter the
SSD mode.
Right-click the SSD button of the Type subtask card to
change the SSD settings.
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Fly Through
3D Evaluation
The SSD Definition - Fly View dialog box is displayed.
H.11
Change the settings of the SSD mode,

Page H.63, SSD Definition
There are specific presets for SSD (Fly view) which differ from
those of the SSD mode.
The SSD (Fly view) mode offers the additional possibility of
H.11
defining properties and color of the surface.
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Fly Through

H.11

H.11
Click Color if you want to change the color of the surface.

Select the desired color in the displayed color palette and
confirm with OK.
The changes of the settings are updated automatically in the
H.11
Fly segment.
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Fly Through
VRT (Fly view)
3D Evaluation
H.11
The VRT (Fly view) mode of the Fly segment corresponds to the
VRT mode of 3D images.
H.11
Click the VRT button in the Type subtask card to enter the
VRT mode.
Select Type > VRT Definition in the main menu.
The VRT Definition - Fly View dialog box is displayed.
H.11
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Fly Through
Change the settings of the VRT mode.

Page H.711, VRT Definition
There are specific presets for VRT (Fly view) which differ from
those of the VRT mode.
The VRT (Fly view) mode offers the additional possibility of
defining the properties of the surface.
H.11
Check or deactivate the option Shaded.

H.11

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Fly Through
3D Evaluation
Free movement within the volume
H.11
With the free movement in the Fly mode you can calculate a
perspective view in the Fly segment for any position within the
volume. For this purpose, shift the FVV displayed in the reference segments as if it were a virtual camera and orient it in the
desired viewing direction.
H.11
You can control these movements in the Fly segment via Smart
Select, via the buttons of the Image subtask card and via
mouse click.
H.11
All movements and changes in one of the segments are
updated in all of the other segments.
Processing of 3D images remains possible for the reference
segments without restriction.
(Only with the Rotate Images feature in the Fly mode, the
images are not rotated around the VOI Clip Box Center but
around the Viewing Point of the FVV).
H.11
You have the possibility at any time during free movement to

Save images via the button Save.
Set points for defining a path.
Use the path for defined movements and for automatic saving of images of the Fly segment.
Page H.1122, Defining the path
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Fly Through
Fly View Volume (FVV)
H.11
The FVV in the reference segments corresponds to the actual

field of view of the virtual camera. The area visualized in the Fly
segment is determined by the position and orientation of the
FVV. The viewing point of the FVV is the point of intersection of
the reference lines and at the same time the center of the Fly
view in the Fly segment.
H.11
Viewing direction
H.11
Fly eye
Standing PointH.11
Viewing
Distance
Image Plane
H.11
Viewing Angle
Front Clip Plane
H.11
Viewing
Point
Viewing Plane
H.11
Viewing
Depth
Clipping Point
Back
Clip Plane
H.11
H.11
When the Fly mode is activated the FVV in the selected segment is displayed perpendicularly to the image plane.
H.11
Viewing planes
H.11
The area visualized in the Fly view is limited by Front and Back
Clip Plane.
H.11
All voxels between the Front and Back Clip Plane are displayed in the Fly view.
H.11
The Viewing Plane is the plane of intersection of the FVV with
the image plane and is perpendicular to the Viewing Direction.H.11
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Important points
3D Evaluation
H.11
The Standing Point represents the virtual camera. This is

where the pyramid-shaped field of view starts.
H.11
The Fly Eye visualizes the position of the standing point, showing that the field of view starts here.
H.11
The Viewing Point is situated at the point of intersection of the
reference lines of the reference segments and is the point of
anatomic relevance to the image plane. Thus, the viewing direction is the connecting line from the standing point to the viewing
point.
H.11
The Clipping Point is the point of intersection of the Viewing
Direction and the Back Clip Plane.
H.11
Viewing distances
H.11
The Viewing Distance is the distance between the Standing

Point and the Viewing Point, corresponding to the distance
between the virtual camera and the object in focus.
H.11
The Viewing Depth is the distance between the Standing
Point and the Clipping Point, corresponding to the viewing
depth of the virtual camera.
H.11
The Viewing Angle determines the width of the FVV.
H.11
The part of the FVV above the image plane is represented by

a continuous line and that below the image plane by a broken
line.
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Changing the Fly view via the FVV
H.11
You can change the display in the Fly segment via the properties and position of the FVV in the other segments.
H.11
Viewing point
H.11
Viewing direction
H.11
Drag the viewing point to that position in the volume which

you want to visualize in the Fly segment.
Shift the standing point or the Fly eye to change the viewing
direction. This movement corresponds to a rotation around
the viewing point.
Or
H.11
Shift the clipping point, rotating the FVV around the standing
point.
Viewing depth
H.11
Drag one side of the front clip plane to the standing point or
to the viewing point to zoom in or zoom out the visible foreground.
Drag one side of the back clip plane forward and backward
to zoom out or zoom in the visible background.
Viewing angle
H.11
Drag the edges of the FVV longer or shorter to increase or

reduce the viewing angle.
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Viewing distance
3D Evaluation
H.11
Select Settings > Fly View Volume in the main menu.

The Fly View Volume dialog box is displayed.
H.11
H.11
Change the distance between standing point and viewing

point via the spin box.
Click Close to accept the settings.
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Presets
Fly Through
H.11
In your system, predefined parameter sets are stored for FVV

settings.
H.11
When you switch over to the Fly mode, the data record linked
with the loaded series is used. If such a link does not yet exist
(e.g. new series), the Default Fly View Volume Set is used. H.11
Select Settings > Fly View Volume in the main menu to display the Fly View Volume box.
Choose that parameter set from the list which you want to
link with the loaded series.
Or
H.11
Enter a name to create a new parameter set.

Click Save Preset when you have changed the FVV parameters and want to save the new parameter set under the
name previously entered.
All parameters of the FVV are accepted.
H.11
Click Delete Preset if you want to delete the currently

selected parameter set.
The standard parameter sets cannot be deleted.
Click Link Preset to assign a name to the selected parameter set.
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Changing the Fly view in the Fly segment
H.11
In the Fly segment, you can control the free movement within
the volume via Smart Select, via the Zoom/Pan button and via
Click Rotate.
H.11
Viewing point
H.11
The viewing point can be shifted within the image plane via Pan
and Click Rotate and perpendicularly to the image plane via
push/pull.
H.11
Click the Zoom/Pan button in the upper part of the control
area and drag the image center in the Fly segment to the
desired position.
Or
H.11
Click a position in the Fly view to center this position in the

segment center (Click Rotate).
The viewing point rotates around the standing point.
Or
H.11
Activate the push/pull function via Smart Select and move

the mouse vertically.
The virtual camera is moved forward or backward in the cavity.
The further you move the mouse upwards or downwards, the
faster the virtual camera is moved forwards or backwards. H.11
Move the mouse horizontally to reverse the viewing direction.H.11
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Viewing angle
Fly Through
H.11
Click the Zoom/Pan button in the upper part of the control

area.
Left-click and drag the mouse along the segment edge to
zoom in/zoom out the image.
Changing the angle of the FVV is the same as zooming the
Fly segment.
Viewing direction
H.11
Activate the rotate around viewing point option via Smart

Select.
Drag the mouse from the segment center toward the edge to
rotate the FVV around the standing point.
This option corresponds to the movement of the standing point
in the reference segments.
H.11
Or
H.11
Activate the rotate view option via Smart Select.

Drag the mouse from the segment center toward the edge to
rotate the FVV around the standing point.
This option corresponds to the movement of the viewing or clipping point in the reference segments.
H.11
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Rotating
3D Evaluation
H.11
Activate rotate around viewing point or rotate view via

Smart Select.
Move the mouse along the segment border to rotate the
image in the plane around the centre of the segment.
Fly Volume Click
H.11
If you click into the fly segment, an autonavigation to the 3D

clickpoint is performed.
H.11
The 3D clickpoint has the coordinates of the first surface pixel
below the clicked position.
H.11
By a rotation and a continuous movement of the FVV the clicked
position becomes the viewing point and is shifted to the middle
of the segment. Viewing distance and angle do not change. H.11
The movement is updated in all other segments.
H.11
Reset values
H.11
Click on Home Zoom/Pan if you want to return to the initial

values.
The values set when starting the application are restored.
H.11
Reference lines
H.11
You have the possibility to display or hide the reference lines of

the Fly segment.
H.11
Click the Hide Graphics button in the control section of the
3D card.
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Ortho Sync
Fly Through
H.11
You can display orthogonal views to the Fly segment in the reference segments via the Ortho Sync function.
H.11
Click the Ortho Sync button in the Orientation subtask
card.
The image plane of the Fly segment is displayed in the upper
left reference segment, the horizontal plane in the upper right
and the perpendicular plane in the lower left one.
H.11
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Defined movement within the

volume
H.11
Unlike the free movement within the volume, with defined movement you move along a predefined way.
H.11
In the Auto Navigation mode, you move along a way through
the cavity with the aid of the mouse buttons. This way is automatically calculated and continuously updated by the system.H.11
The virtual camera moves along a path which you create interactively or via the Fly Path Planning dialog box.
H.11
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Auto Navigation
H.11
With auto navigation you move through the cavity. On this

occasion you have the possibility to set path points for the camera flight at the same time.
H.11
Via Smart Select, select and activate the auto navigation
mode in the Fly segment.
Left-click and drag the mouse in the Fly segment upwards in
order to start the movement forward.
Or
H.11
Left-click and drag the mouse in the Fly segment downwards

in order to start the movement backward.
Drag the mouse left or right to invert the viewing direction.
The virtual camera moves along a line calculated by the system
for this cavity. The further you move the mouse upwards or
downwards, the faster the virtual camera is moved forwards or
backwards.
H.11
During Auto Navigation you can set path points via the Mark
key (Num 3) on your keyboard.
Page H.1124, Insert Point
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Defining the path
H.11
The path is a three-dimensional polyline allowing movement

through the volume. For this purpose, several points are defined
which determine the movement of the FVV within the volume
(stations of the viewing point).
H.11
Select Settings > Fly Path Planning in the main menu.
Or
H.11
Right-click the Fly Through button in the Settings subtask

card of the control section.
The Fly Path Planning dialog box is displayed.
H.11
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Fly Through
If a path exists from earlier examinations, this path is now displayed in the reference segments and in the dialog box.
H.11
(1) Path Visualization Line
Visualizing the stretched path with the stations of the
viewing point.
(2) Position Torch
The position of this torch at the Visualization Line represents the current position of the camera.
(3) Path Point
Stations of the viewing point along the path.
(4) Zoom Slider
If the point density is too high in a specific section, the path
line can be zoomed in.
Whether the length of the visualization line corresponds to the
actual length of the path or not depends on the configuration
setting.
Page H.1410, Configuring Fly Through
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Insert Point
3D Evaluation
H.11
You create a path by defining prominent positions as path points

during free movement within the volume or during Auto Navigation. The relevant FVV settings (viewing direction, viewing
angle etc.) are stored along with the position of the viewing
points.
H.11
Move within the volume to that position which you want to
mark as path point.
Or
H.11
Drag the position torch to the desired position on the path

visualization line.
Press the Mark key (Num 3) on your keyboard.
Or
H.11
Click the Insert Point button of the Fly Path Planning dialog
box to add a new point to the path.
This point is inserted at the current position of the position torch
and is displayed both in the dialog box on the Path Visualization
Line and in the reference segments.
H.11
If you click an already existing point of the Path Visualization
Line, this point is replaced by a new one.
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Path point designation
Fly Through
H.11
When a path is created, the path points are numbered consecutively and used with this number in the Path Visualization Line.
You can replace this automatic path point designation with a
suitable designation.
H.11
Double-click the name of the point in the Fly Path Planning
dialog box.
Enter the desired designation and confirm with the Enter key.
Remove Point
H.11
H.11
Click Remove Point to delete a point of the path.

When doing so, take care to ensure that the position torch in the
dialog box marks the point to be deleted.
H.11
Path Name
H.11
Enter a name for the path.
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Save Path
3D Evaluation
H.11
Click Save Path if you want to save the current version of the
path.
H.11
N OT E
It is only possible to save one path. Any existing path will be
overwritten.
H.11
Clear Path
H.11
Click Clear Path if you want to delete all points of the path
already existing.
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Fly Through
Path representation
H.11
Hide Path
H.11
The points of the path are represented differently in the reference segments. Larger points are situated more closely to the
image plane, whereas smaller ones are further away. Unlike
points outside the image plane, points within the image plane
are transparent.
The path connecting the points is represented by a continuous
line above the image plane and by a broken line below the
image plane.
H.11
Click Hide Path if you want to suppress display of the path in

the reference segments.
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Flight along a path
H.11
As soon as you have defined a path, you can move along this
path through the volume (camera flight).
H.11
Stop at the positions of interest to you and save the image in the
Fly segment or activate automatic saving to create an image
series of the camera flight.
H.11
You move along the path with the aid of the buttons in the dialog
box or via the position torch at the Path Visualization Line.
H.11
Step Size
H.11
Using the step size function you determine the distance along
the path at which a new image is to be created in the Fly segment.
H.11
Set the Step Size with the aid of the slider.
Save Images while Flying
H.11
Click Save Images while Flying if you want to save the

images during the flight.
The number of the images saved is determined by the step size.H.11
If the number of images you want to save exceeds a preconfigured limit you have to confirm a corresponding note with
Yes.
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Fly Forwards
Fly Through
H.11
Click Fly Forwards to start the flight.

The flight starts at the current position (indicated by the position
torch) and ends at the last point.
H.11
If two adjacent points of the path have different FVV properties, these properties will change continuously during the
flight between these points.
If, for example, the viewing angle of Point 3 is 30 and that of
Point 4 is 40, the viewing angle on the flight between Points
3 and 4 will continuously increase from 30 to 40.
Stop Flying
H.11
Click Stop Flying to stop the flight.
H.11
Fly Backwards
H.11
Click Fly Backwards if you want to move from the current

position back to the first path position.
The FVV reverses its viewing direction.
H.11
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Position torch
3D Evaluation
H.11
Drag the Position torch in the desired direction.

Click a point of the Path Visualization Line.
The position torch moves to this position. The representation in
the segments is updated accordingly.
H.11
Click the Path Visualization Line.

The position torch moves to the clicked position. The representation in the segments is updated accordingly.
H.11
Click the arrow next to the torch to change the viewing direction of the FVV.
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Out of path state
Fly Through
H.11
H.11
The position torch visualizes the position of the points you click
in the image area.
H.11
The position torch will change position if you click a point beside
the path.
H.11
You can dissolve the out-of-path state as follows:
H.11
Click on the torch to keep its relative position on the visualization line.
Drag the torch to move it to and along the visualization line.
Click on the path or on a point on the path to move the torch
to the clicked position.
The FVV reflects the new position of the torch.
H.11
By pressing the Add button the current FVV settings will be

inserted.
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Closing Fly Through
H.11
When you have verified that all important images have been
saved, filmed or sent, close Fly Through.
H.11
For this purpose, select Settings > Fly Through in the main
menu.
Or
H.11
Click the Fly Through button in the Settings subtask card.

Or
H.11
Click on the Close button.

The Fly segment disappears from the image area.
H.11
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H.12
Saving 3D Series and

Images
H.12
You can store series of images or projections that you have generated on the 3D task card for documentation purposes.
H.12
You can either store the images quickly in a series that already
exists or store the images in new series.
H.12
You can store reconstructed series automatically as new series
after reconstruction.
H.12
H.12
NOTE
irretrievably.
H.12

H.12
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Saving 3D Series and Images
3D Evaluation
Storing 3D images manually
H.12
Once you have generated a new series of parallel, radial or

expand images or projections on the 3D task card, you can
store them in your main database.
H.12
In Configure 3D, you can set whether you also want to store
the reference lines and the reference image of a series or not.
Page H.145, Configuring storage
Page H.143, Saving images with reference lines
Saving with the default settings
H.12
If you want use the defaults when saving images or series, simply click on the Save button.
H.12
When you use the save button, the settings that you made in
the Save As dialog are valid.
Click on the output segment and select an image, several
images or an entire series.
Call up Patient > Save.
Or
H.12
H.12
Click on the Save button in the lower part of the control area.
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Defining setting when saving
H.12
The first time you save a reconstructed series you should first
make a few default settings.
H.12
Select an image in a reference segment or the images in the
output segment.
Call up Patient > Save As....
Or
H.12
H.12
Click on the Save As... button.

H.12
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Image information
H.12
3D Evaluation
You can see this image information in the upper part of the dialog box:
H.12
Patient name
Imaging method (modality)
Exam date
Number of images
3D output type (MIP, MIP Thin, MinIP, MinIP Thin, MPR, MPR
Thick, MPR Curved, MPR Thick Curved, MIP Thin Curved,
VRT, VRT Thin, SSD)
This information is saved together with the series.

Reading physician
H.12
H.12
Enter the name of the physician to whom you want to provide

the series of a patient.
Comments
H.12
You can comment on a series. These comments are then saved

together with the images.
H.12
Enter a comment text.

The input field contains a default comment text which is the
comment saved together with the original images. If various
original images had different comments, then there will be no
default comment text.
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Saving images in a series H.12
If you want to save all the images that you generate from a set
of volume data in one series, select the Save all images in one
series option.
H.12
All the images are now saved with the same series name in your
main database regardless of the 3D output type they were generated with (MPR, MPR Thick, MPR Curved, MPR Thick
Curved, MIP Thin Curved, MIP, MIP Thin, MinIP, MinIP Thin,
VRT, VRT Thin or SSD).
H.12
Click on the Save all images in one series option.

Enter a series name or select a name from the selection list.
Every time you generate and save images in 3D from your original set of data, they are appended to the series entered here.H.12
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Grouping images by
output type
H.12
3D Evaluation
If you generate images with different output types (MIP, MinIP,

MPR, MPR Thick, MPR Curved, MPR Thick Curved, MIP Thin
Curved, VRT, VRT Thin or SSD) during processing of your original set of data, you can save them in your database sorted by
the output type.
H.12
Click on the Group all images by type option.

Enter a series name or select a name from the selection list.
All images that you generate from this original set of data are
now saved under this series name and the designation of the
output type.
H.12
If you generate an entire series of images, these images are

always saved with a different series name.
Page H.128, Saving 3D-series
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Example
H.12
You enter Name as the series name for your grouped images.
You then save 1 SSD image, 2 MPR images, 1 MIP image, 1
MPR Thick image, 1 MPR image, and another 1 SSD image
H.12
In this way, you generate four series:
H.12
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
H.12
"Name" SSD Collection

"Name" MPR Collection
"Name" MIP Collection
"Name" MPR Thick Collection
Save your series by clicking on OK.

Or
H.12
H.12
Reject your inputs by clicking on Cancel.
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Saving 3D-series
H.12
You can also save images that you have reconstructed, for
example, as parallel images with a comment.
H.12
First select the series in the output segment.
Call up Patient > Save As....
Or
H.12
H.12
Click on the Save As... button.
H.12
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Entering series name
H.12
Enter a series name in the combo box.

Or
H.12
Select a series name from the selection list.

Comments
H.12
You can enter a comment for a series. These comments are

then saved together with the images.
H.12
Enter a comment text.
H.12
Save your series by clicking on OK.

Or
H.12
H.12
Reject your inputs by clicking on Cancel.
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Storing series automatically
H.12
If you want to store the reconstructed series as quickly and easily as possible, you can have them stored automatically during
reconstruction.
H.12
Click on the Enable auto-store option on the Ranges subtask card in Configure 3D.
All series are then automatically stored after reconstruction.
H.12
In Configure 3D you can define whether you want to additionally store the reference image of a series or not.
Page H.145, Storing the reference image
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The name of an automatically stored series then consists of the

following parts:
H.12
the name of the original series or the name that you entered
in the Range series name field in the Save As dialog box
the output types, e.g. MPR
a serial number
With auto-store, you can produce large volumes of data very
quickly and fill up the capacity of your hard disk. Check the
data stored on your hard disk at regular intervals. Archive
data that you still require and delete data that you no longer
require.
Page J.21, Storing Data on an External Medium
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CHAPTER
H.13
Filming, Evaluating and

Sending 3D Images
H.13
To film images, send them to the Filming application card from

where you can send them to the camera or printer.
H.13
Or you can send data for further processing to the Viewing task
card in order to comment new image series using text and
graphic elements or to continue processing using the 2D evaluation tools that it provides.
H.13
If your system is part of a network you can send data to other
workstations in the network where processing can continue. H.13
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Filming, Evaluating and Sending 3D Images
Filming 3D images
3D Evaluation
H.13
If you want to document the images or series, you can send

them to a camera or printer for exposure on film or for printing
on paper.
H.13
Select an image in the reference segment by clicking on it.

Or
H.13
Select the images in the output segment.

Or
H.13
Click on the Copy To Film Sheet button in the lower part of

the control area of the 3D task card.
Or
H.13
H.13
H.13
Press the Copy To Film Sheet key on the symbol keypad.

Depending on the settings that you have defined for the film layout, the images are transferred to the camera or printer directly
or remain on the Filming task card for processing until you
send them to the camera/printer manually.
H.13
In Configure 3D, you can set whether you also want to film
the reference image of a series or not.
Page H.146, Configuring filming
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Transferring images to the Viewing

task card
H.13
If you want to evaluate or process selected images in 2D, you

need to transfer the images to the Viewing task card.
H.13
Select an image in a reference segment by clicking on it.

Or
H.13

Call up Patient > Load to Viewing.
Or
H.13
H.13
Click on the Load to Viewing button in the lower part of the

control area.
The images are transferred to the Viewing task card and you
can process them there.
Page G.51, 2D Evaluation
H.13
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Sending images through the

network and storing
H.13
If you want to send 3D images to another location in your hospital, you can do this directly from the 3D task card.
H.13
Select an image in the reference segment by clicking on it.

Or
H.13
H.13
Click on the Send to Node 1 button in the control area of the

3D task card.
Or
H.13
H.13
Press the Send to Node 1 key on the symbol keypad.
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The Send To dialog box is only displayed if more than one network node has been configured.
H.13
Select the destination workstation or destination database.
H.13
Click on the Send button to transfer the selected images.
With the Transfer menu item, you can access further functions for archiving and sending.
For detailed information, see:
Page J.15, Automatic Storing and Sending
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H.14
3D Configuration
H.14
In 3D Configuration, you can adapt several settings:
H.14
Hide or show orientation description

Save images with or without reference lines
Automatic storage of series
Storage with reference image
Filming with reference image
Automatic orienting of the reference image
Resampling of data sets
Update changes in Fly Through and configure path
representation
Call up the Numaris/4-Configuration Panel
H.14
Double-click on this icon to display the 3D Configuration

dialog.
In the Basics part of this manual, you can read how to call up
the configuration window and exit it again, store changes and
reset the settings to their as supplied state.
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3D Configuration
3D Evaluation
Configuring image information
H.14
Various orientation aids are displayed in the images which you

can configure.
H.14
Move the Segment Information card into the foreground.
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3D Configuration
Displaying the orientation

description
H.14
H.14
Saving images with

reference lines
Click on the Display orientation description option if you

want to have the orientation description displayed.
Page H.35, Orientation aids in the image
H.14
H.14
Click on the Save images with reference lines option if you

want to have the reference lines saved with the image when
copying it to Viewing or Filming.
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H.143
3D Configuration
3D Evaluation
Configuring processing of series
H.14
On the Ranges card, you can define the settings for storing and
filming series. In addition, you can configure the orientation of
the reference image when generating parallel and radial
ranges.
H.14
Click the Ranges subtask card into the foreground.
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3D Evaluation
3D Configuration
Configuring storage
H.14
Reconstructed series (ranges) can be stored completely automatically with or without the reference image.
H.14
Activating automatic
storage
H.14
H.14
Storing the reference

image
Click on the Enable auto-store option if you want to have all

reconstructed series stored automatically.
H.14
Click on the option Include the reference image when saving ranges or curved cuts if you want to have the reference
image of the series stored, too.
Page H.372, Generating series from 3D images
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3D Configuration
3D Evaluation
Configuring filming
H.14
Reconstructed series can be filmed with or without the reference image.

H.14
Click on the option Include the reference image when filming ranges or curved cuts if you want to have the reference
image of the series filmed, too.
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3D Evaluation
3D Configuration
Configuring the orientation of the reference

image
H.14
When you generate parallel and radial series using the stored
defaults, you have the option of having reference image orientation set in the defaults called up automatically.
H.14
Just click on the Apply orientation saved in preset to reference image option.
When you call up the dialog for creating parallel and radial
series in future, the reference image is reoriented automatically.
The orientation is used that you set for the reference image
when you saved the default of the group of series in question.H.14
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3D Configuration
3D Evaluation
Configuring quality filter
H.14
For calculation of radial ranges you can use a special filter with
high resolution, to improve the image quality for filming. The
quality filter is applied during range calculation for matrix sizes
which do not exceed a specified limit.
H.14
Check on the option Use high quality filter MIP and MinIP
to enable high quality filtering.
Set the maximum matrix size for filtering via the spin box.
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Operator Manual
3D Evaluation
3D Configuration
Configuring resampling
H.14
You can resample data with original resolution or with the fused
series.
H.14
Click on the Always resample with original resolution

option if you want the resolution of the resampled series to
be the same as the resolution of the reference series.
This applies to the range calculation of the model series, too.
H.14
Click on the Always resample with fused series option if

you want a resampled data set to be created from the fused
images.
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3D Configuration
3D Evaluation
Configuring Fly Through
H.14
You can configure the updating of the changes in the segments

and representation of the path Visualization Lines on the Fly
Through card.
H.14
Click the Fly Through card to the front.
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3D Evaluation
3D Configuration
Updating changes
H.14
You have the possibility to choose between simultaneous and

consecutive updating of the image segments.
H.14
Click this option if you want the changes in one segment to

be displayed simultaneously in the other segments.
Otherwise, the changes in one segment will not be updated
until the work in the other segments has been completed. H.14
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3D Configuration
3D Evaluation
Path representation
H.14
You can have the path displayed with path points in the Path
Planning dialog box as a function of the position of these points
(true to scale) or in respect of all properties of the FVV.
H.14
Click this option if you want to have the path displayed on the
basis of all properties linked with the individual points.
If two path points are at the same position, but have different
FVV properties (e.g. viewing direction) the distance between
these points is calculated from the total of differentiating properties.
H.14
Deselect this option if you want to have the path displayed

only on the basis of the point positions.
If two path points are at the same position, but have different
FVV properties (e.g. viewing direction), they will be shown on
top of each other on the Path Visualization Line.
H.14
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Operator Manual
Storing and
Data Exchange
PART
J
J.1
J.0
Introduction
Selecting data for transfer ............................................... J.16
Starting transfer .............................................................. J.17
J.2 Storing Data on an External Medium

Handling external data media ......................................... J.22
Inserting and ejecting data media ............................... J.22
Write protection .......................................................... J.25
Storing data on CD ......................................................... J.26
Storing on a single session CD .................................. J.27
Storing on a multi-session CD .................................. J.214
Restoring previous sessions of a multisession CD ............................................................... J.217
Record off-line files ....................................................... J.218
Transfer information ...................................................... J.220
Objects already on the data medium ........................ J.220
Objects already stored .............................................. J.221
Displaying images with a rectangular pixel matrix ........ J.222
J.3 Sending Data via the Network

Sending data ................................................................... J.33
Sending data to a default address .............................. J.34
Sending data to other addresses in the network ........ J.35
Sending data to an archive address ............................... J.37
J.4 Exchanging Data via the Hard Disk

Exporting images to the file system ................................ J.42
Importing images from the file system ............................ J.47
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Contents
J.5 Automatic Storing and Sending

Automatic storing ....................................................... J.51
Automatic sending...................................................... J.51
J.6 Checking Data Transfer

Display on the status bar ................................................ J.62
Viewing and checking the transfer jobs .......................... J.63
Organizing local jobs .................................................. J.64
Network Job Status .................................................... J.65
Information in the Job Status windows....................... J.66
Status of data transfer ................................................ J.68
Influencing data transfer........................................... J.610
J.7 Configuring Data Transfer

Automatic data transfer .................................................. J.72
Rules for automatic data transfer ............................... J.73
Creating, editing, and deleting rules........................... J.75
Default settings for export ............................................ J.710
Defining storage assignment.................................... J.711
Defining the necessary work status ......................... J.712
Setting Network Nodes ................................................. J.713
Setting retries ........................................................... J.714
Defining the necessary work status ......................... J.714
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
J.1
Introduction
J.1
After examination or postprocessing, the images are stored in

the local database (Patient Browser) and can be retrieved, for
example for reporting, or filmed for documentation.
J.1
This section explains how to store images and patient data from
your local database on other data media, send it through the
network, and how to pass it on data media or in the network.
Data is exchanged in DICOM format (digital imaging and communications in medicine).
Proceed as follows:
Storage on an external medium

Sending in the network
Exchanging data via the hard disk
Automatic saving
Please note that your system may not have all transfer
options. The drives and network links available to you depend
on how your system is configured and what options are
installed.
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J.11
Introduction
J.1
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Misleading/misinterpretation of the
flags AC/SC. Flags AC/SC depict receipt and storage on
hard disk on the receiver side which may be not sufficient to
fulfill the regulatory requirements of long-term storing. J.1
Consequence: Loss of data within the required period for
retention.
J.1
Remedy: Sending data with the attributes AC, SC via
network indicates a safe data transfer but does not fulfill the
regulatory requirements of long-term storing. Objects with
the "committed" flag may be deleted by the user. Observe
the regulatory requirements regarding the storing
procedure.
J.1
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Operator Manual
Introduction
J.1
NOTE
The storage of image data is subject to regulations and
statutes governing the duration of storage and data
availability, data security (data integrity, incorruptibility), and
recommendations for fire protection and protection from
water damage. The management of the archive is
responsible for observing these requirements.
J.1
J.1
NOTE
Because of constant technological progress and the
required storage duration, it may not be possible to perform
storage and retrieve with a single storage technology and a
single type of medium. Migration of data will therefore be
necessary to some extent and is the responsibility of the
management of the digital archive.
J.1
Security Privileges
J.1
Archive allows to store data on archive disks or in the central

network archive server. Export allows to export data on disks
or to the file system. Send allows to send data to other network
nodes.
J.1
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Introduction
Storage on an external
medium
J.1
Storing data on an external medium protects from data loss and

provides long-term storage of patient and examination data.
Chapter J.2, Storing Data on an External Medium
After storage, you can delete the data from the Patient
Browser to keep the examination data displayed there to a
manageable amount. If you require data again later, you can
import it in the Patient Browser.
To avoid any loss of data, you should store the patient and
examination data regularly as part of your routine.
Sending in the network
J.1
If your system is connected to a hospital network, you can send

patient and examination data through this network from your
workstation.
Chapter J.3, Sending Data via the Network
For example, you can:
Send examination data to another physician for postprocessing or reporting
Send patient or examination data to a central archive
Send images to a camera or printer in the network
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Operator Manual
Importing
J.1
Introduction
If stored data are required again later, they can just be imported
from external media (CD or MOD) again in the Patient
Browser.
J.1
J.1
Exchanging data via the

hard disk
J.1
If you are editing or using images with other programs, you can
export them to a certain folder on the system hard disk in some
image formats (Export to File System).
J.1
Likewise, you can import images created or edited in other programs into the application (Import from File System).
J.1
Automatic Storing and

Sending
J.1
To organize your work more efficiently, you can write patient

and examination data automatically to data media or network
addresses that you have set.
J.1
You can define the rules by which and the time at which automatic data transfer will occur.
J.1
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J.15
Introduction
Selecting data for transfer

Select data objects before starting a transfer.
J.1
J.1
You can only store, export, or send objects that are listed in
the Patient Browser. If you want to transfer data from one
data medium to another, you must first import them into the
Patient Browser.
Selecting in the Patient
Browser
J.1
In most cases, you will be able to select the data in the Patient
Browser.
Chapter D.2, Searching for and Displaying Patient Data
J.1
Application cards
J.1
You can also select data on the following task cards.
J.1
Viewing task card:

3D task card:
Page H.82, Selecting images and 3D graphics
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Operator Manual
Introduction
Starting transfer
J.1
Storage, sending through the network, export, and import of

data may all be selected from a menu or by clicking buttons.
J.1
Transfer menu
J.1
Some task cards and the Patient Browser window contain the
Transfer menu.
J.1
The drives and network links available to you in the Transfer

menu depend on how your system is configured and what
options are installed.
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J.17
Introduction
Buttons
J.1
Depending on the configuration, you will find buttons in the control area of the task card with which you can start transfer
quickly and easily with a mouse click.
J.1
You will also find a number of button on the toolbar of the
Patient Browser with which you can start transfers.
J.1
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
The buttons have the following functions (from left to right):
J.1
(1) Import data

(2) Store data to defined default CD
(3) Store data to selectable local data medium (CD)
(4) Send data to the first default network address
(5) Send data to the second default network address
(6) Send data to a selectable network address
Symbol key
J.1
You can use the Send to default node 1 key on the symbol key
pad or + on the numerical keypad of your keyboard to start
transfer to the first default network address.
J.1
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Operator Manual
Introduction
C AU T I O N
When replacing image data generated with syngo MR or
the predecessor Numaris software, please remember the
following:
J.1
syngo MR and Numaris use different patient coordinate
systems. That means you must change the sign of the slice
position and slice orientation for double-oblique slices. J.1
Please also pay attention to other changes in the image text

if you further process MR images acquired with software version syngo MR with Numaris.
Page A.250, Text information in medical images
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J.19
Introduction
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Operator Manual
Storing Data on an
External Medium
CHAPTER
J.2
J.2
Storing copies the selected data to an external data medium

that will be stored long-term. Any time you require the stored
data again, you can import it into your local database.
J.2
Your system is equipped with a CD drive for importing data from
CDs. It is also equipped with a CD recorder for storing data on
CDs.
J.2
Optional drives
J.2
The following data medium types are optionally supported by

the system:
J.2
5.25" and 3.5" MOD (magneto optical disk; read only)
When Security is activated, you can store data only if you are
authorized to do so.
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J.21
Handling external data media
J.2
Please follow individual manufacturers' instructions when

handling CDs or MODs.
Inserting and ejecting data media
J.2
Insert a CD or MOD in the correct drive.

In the Patient Browser, you can see which medium has been
inserted.
Inserting a CD
J.2
CDs can only be written on one side.
J.2
Press the eject button on the drive.

Place the CD into the drawer with the label facing upwards.
Press the eject button on the drive again.
The tray with the CD is drawn in.
J.2
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Operator Manual
Inserting a MOD
J.2
MODs can only be used to import data.
J.2
They can be written on both sides (sides A and B). Use the
MODs recommended by Siemens.
J.2
Make sure that the side from which you want to read data is
pointing upward.
Insert the MOD into the correct drive.
The tray with the MOD is drawn in.
J.2
Ejecting a medium
J.2
In order to remove a medium (CD or MOD) it must be ejected

from the drive.
J.2
Open the menu Transfer.
There you will find one or more entries Eject from <drive
J.2
name>, depending on your drive configuration.
Select the entry of the required drive.
Or
J.2
Select Eject from....

The dialog box Eject From is displayed.
J.2
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J.23
Select the drive you want and confirm with Eject.

You can select several drives to eject the media in all of them
simultaneously.
If one of the data media is currently being used by the system
(read or write process), the data medium cannot be ejected.
The medium or media is/are moved out of the drive(s). You can
now replace them with another.
J.2
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Operator Manual
Write protection
J.2
CDs are automatically write protected. In single session mode,

this occurs after the first and only write action, in multi session
mode after completing the last session.
J.2
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J.25
Storing data on CD
J.2
CDs are suitable for long-term back-up and transfer of data.

J.2
Single or multi-session
J.2
CDs can be written in one operation (single session) or in two

or more operations (multi-session).
J.2
The method used depends on how your system is configured.
J.2
Collecting and then storing

data
J.2
In single session mode, you will first collect data, and then write
them to CD.
J.2
For example, you can select examination data of a patient and
preselect them for storage on CD. You can then add the examination data of another patient or add preselected data with further images of the same patient.
J.2
NOTE
Minimize the risk of losing data by using only "medical"
quality CDs recommended by Siemens for storage.
J.2
You can obtain "medical" rated CDs from your Siemens

representative.
J.2
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Operator Manual
Storing on a single session CD
J.2
If your system is configured for single session, you can only

store data on a new, unrecorded CD. You cannot reuse a CD
that has already been recorded. Once you have completed the
first write operation, you will not be able to write any more data
to it, even if you have not filled it up.
J.2
That is why you must first collect up all the data to be written to
a CD and then write them to a new CD in one go. The system
will inform you when you have collected enough data to fill a CD.
J.2
Preselecting data for

storage on CD
Select the data you want to store.

J.2
Select Transfer > Export to CD-R.

Or
J.2
Click this button.
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J.27
Labeling a CD
J.2
When you preselect data for a new CD for the first time, the
Enter Label dialog box opens.
J.2
Enter a unique name for the CD, for example, a serial number
and the date, or accept the suggested label.
The label must only consist of the letters A to Z, figures 0 to 9,
and underscores (lower case letters are automatically converted to upper case). This label must be between three and
eleven characters long.
Click OK to confirm your action.
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Operator Manual
Viewing tool
J.2
When exporting images to a CD it is possible to record a viewing tool to the CD, too.
J.2
On the Enter Label dialog box there is a check box offering the
user the choice to decide whether he wants to have that viewing
tool on the medium or not.
J.2
CDs can even be used on systems without a DICOM viewer.
J.2
NOTE
Do not use the viewing tool for diagnostic purposes.
J.2
J.2
Preselecting further data
J.2
Select further data you want to store.

Select Transfer > Export to CD-R.
Or
J.2
Click the button.

Preselect all the data sets you want to store.
The Organize Local Jobs window shows a list of all data preselected for storage on CD.
Page J.64, Organizing local jobs
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J.29
Automatic start of the write

operation
J.2
Once you have preselected enough data to fill a CD, a dialog

box will appear.
J.2
Select Yes to start writing.

If you select No, writing will be canceled. To resume it later,
you must start it manually.
Chapter J.6, Checking Data Transfer
No CD
J.2
If you have selected Yes and there was no CD in the CD recorder a further dialog box will appear.
J.2
Insert a new CD, wait for a while, and then confirm with OK.
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Operator Manual
Starting writing manually
J.2
If you system permits CD recording in the background, you can

write all the preselected data to CD at any time.
J.2
Select Transfer > Record.
Or
J.2
Click the button.

Some systems do not allow CD recording, for example, during scanning. In that case, you cannot select Record.
A dialog box will open informing you of the CD's remaining storage capacity.
J.2
Confirm with Yes to start writing.

Page J.210, No CD
Select No to start the operation later, for example, when more
data has been collected.
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Writing
J.2
A dialog box will open informing you of the progress of writing.J.2
The bar display shows how long the storage operation still has
to run.
J.2
Recording in the
background
J.2
Actual recording runs in the background. You can close the dialog box and, for example, postprocess images. An icon on the
status bar indicates that recording is in progress.
Page J.62, Display on the status bar
J.2
After completion of recording, you can remove the CD, label the
upper side of the CD using a soft permanent felt-tip pen, and
then store it or pass it on.
J.2
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Wrong CD
J.2
The following dialog box will appear if you accidentally insert a

recorded or damaged CD.
J.2
Confirm with OK.

Change the CD.
Page J.22, Inserting a CD
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J.213
Storing on a multi-session CD
J.2
If your system is configured for multi-session, you can only

store data on a new, unrecorded CD or on a CD that has once
been recorded partially. The previous data on the CD are
retained and the new data are added to them.
J.2
J.2
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Switching to multi session mode may
destroy data previously recorded on this medium.
J.2
Consequence: It is no longer possible to read the
previously recorded data.
J.2
Remedy: Do not delete any data that you have stored on

CD from your local database until you have completed a
session.
J.2
Previous sessions of a multi-session CD are always retained.
Preselecting data for

storage on CD
Proceed as described for single-session.

J.2
Page J.27, Preselecting data for storage on CD

Page J.28, Labeling a CD
Page J.29, Preselecting further data
J.2
The system compares the storage capacity required for the

selected data with the storage capacity available on the CD. J.2
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Operator Manual
Not enough storage

capacity
J.2
A dialog box will appear if the storage capacity of the inserted

CD is not sufficient.
J.2
If you want to change CDs (for example, to insert a new,

unrecorded CD), click Eject.
Wrong CD
J.2
The following dialog box will appear if you accidentally insert a

full or damaged CD.
J.2
Click Eject.
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J.215
Continuing with
another CD
J.2
After inserting another CD, wait a moment and then click

Retry.
The system will check that the inserted CD has enough storage
capacity and, if so, will continue writing.
J.2
Cancel will terminate the entire operation.
Writing
J.2
Proceed as described for single-session.

Page J.212, Recording in the background
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Operator Manual
Restoring previous sessions of a multisession CD
J.2
If an error occurs during recording of a multi-session CD (e.g.

because of a power failure), the data previously stored may be
lost. The software package therefore provides a service program with which the lost data can be restored from previous
sessions.
J.2
Insert the unreadable CD into the CD recorder.
Select Local service and enter the password.
Page A.44, Local service
Select Utilities option.
Select Recover CD from the selection list.
Select the CD recorder in which the CD is inserted.
Click Go.
If data recovery was successful, the next message box is displayed with the message "CD-R restored successfully".
J.2
Insert the CD into the CD-ROM drive and check its content
in the Patient Browser.
If it is not possible to restore the CD, the message "Writing to
CD-R failed: Cannot restore CD" or another message will be
displayed.
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J.217
Record off-line files
J.2
All files, e.g., images in BMP format and sequences of images

in AVI format, exported previously to a specific directory, can be
recorded automatically on CD. The path of this specific directory is configurable by service personnel, but the default path is
C:\syngo\temp\CDR_OFFLINE.
Page J.42, Exporting images to the file system
J.2
Call up Transfer > Record Off-line Files in the main menu.

Recording in single session mode is started.
J.2
Note that the CD and the Local Job Status must be empty.
While recording, it is not possible to copy files to that directory.
Delete all recorded files from this directory after recording on
CD is completed.
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Operator Manual
J.2
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Using other than configured directory
for CamTasia data files.
J.2
Consequence: Data disk is full and no further examination
possible. Files will not be deletable by the user.
J.2
Remedy: Use only the configured directory for saving the
CamTasia data files.
J.2
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J.219
Transfer information
J.2
As soon as you have started storing or exporting, the system

checks whether certain conditions have been met.
J.2
Objects already on the data medium
J.2
If an object already exists on the data medium, a message box

is displayed.
J.2
If you want to overwrite the existing objects, click on Yes.

If you want to leave the objects on the data medium
untouched, but want to add the objects that are missing, click
on No.
If you want to cancel the procedure, click on Cancel.
In that case, no data will be exported.
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Operator Manual
Objects already stored
J.2
If one or more of the selected objects have already been stored,

another message box will be displayed.
J.2
The system does not check whether objects have been
queued several times for a transfer.
If you want to save objects again that have already been

saved, click on Yes.
If you want to skip objects that have already been saved but
want to add the objects that are missing, click on No.
If you want to cancel the procedure, click on Cancel.
In that case, no data is exported.
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J.221
Displaying images with a

rectangular pixel matrix
J.2
Under certain circumstances, images which have been reimported from an external store medium or hard disk may be displayed with a reduced pixel matrix.
J.2
J.2
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Transferring manipulated non-square
matrices/viewing segments.
J.2
Consequence: Diagnostically relevant areas of images
may be lost.
J.2
Remedy: When manipulated images are exported or sent
to another workstation, the related original images should
be sent as well.
It is strongly recommended to base the final diagnosis
always on the original images and not only on modified or
manipulated images.
J.2
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Operator Manual
Occurrence of behavior
J.2
Except for the 3D task card, this behavior occurs in all task
cards when exporting or sending modified images.
J.2
It is caused by a mismatch between the dimensions of the
image matrix and the display segment, e.g. display of a rectangular image matrix in a square viewing segment, or display of a
square image matrix in a rectangular viewing segment.
J.2
When images in a task card are manipulated by a zoom/pan
and/or rotation operation, the modified image is displayed correctly, e.g. the complete viewing segment is filled.
J.2
If, after saving the image (by using the function Save as), it is
then exported to offline and reimported, the visible pixel matrix
will be reduced. The image information at the edges of the
newly displayed image will be replaced by black margins.
J.2
If the image contains a ROI that is now partially covered by
those black margins, the statistical information refers to the
complete ROI and not to the part of the ROI which remains visible.
J.2
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Example 1
J.2
Zooming and panning rectangular images
J.2
(1) Original image, Workplace 1

(2) Zoomed and panned image, Workplace 1
(3) Exported/sent image, Workplace 2
Example 2
J.2
Rotating rectangular images
J.2
(1) Original image, Workplace 1

(2) Rotated image, Workplace 1
(3) Exported/sent image, Workplace 2
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Operator Manual
Example 3
J.2
Displaying a square matrix in a rectangular viewing segment
J.2
(1) Original image, square matrix

(2) Image in a rectangular viewing segment
(3) Image at workplace 2
Hints to avoid the
occurrence
J.2
When manipulated images are exported or sent to another

workstation, the corresponding original images should be sent
as well.
J.2
Therefore we strongly recommended to always base a diagnosis on the original images and not only on modified or manipulated images.
J.2
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J.3
Sending Data via the

Network
J.3
If your system is connected to a hospital computer network

(HIS/RIS), you can send patient and examination data from
your workstation to other workstations or receive data from
them.
J.3
One or more workstations in the network (DICOM) are set up
as default links. You can either send your data directly to one of
these default addresses or select a network link.
J.3
Please refer to the hints regarding display of images with rectangular matrix.
Page J.222, Displaying images with a rectangular pixel
matrix
When Security is activated, you can send data only if you are
J.3
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Storage attributes (S) set for the data
sent via network (the connected archive did not indicate a
safe storage).
J.3
Consequence: The stored data are stored only on hard
disk and may be deleted by an auto delete mechanism or
by another user.
J.3
Remedy: Before deleting data from your local database,
ensure that these data are safely stored in the intended
archive (SC).
J.3
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J.3
NOTE
Sending data with the attributes SC via network is a safe
data transfer, but no long-term storing.
J.3
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Sending data
J.3
You can select patient and examination data in your local database and send them to other network users at any time.
For example, you may send single images of an examination to
another workstation for reporting. Or you can transfer complete
examination data of a patient to be stored centrally.
An image may only be sent to the same network node once,
even if the graphics and text it contains have been changed
since.
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Sending data to a default address
J.3
On installation, Siemens Service can set up various network

links (e.g. Nodes 1 and Nodes 2) as default addresses in the
network.
J.3
Select the data that you want to send.
Press the Send to node 1 key on the symbol keypad.
Or
J.3
Select Transfer > Send to node 1 or Transfer > Send to

node 2.
Or
J.3
J.3
Click the appropriate button.

The data will be sent to the selected address.
J.3
J.3
NOTE
The Send to node 1 might not work if a dialog box is open
and active.
J.3
In that case, click the image area to deactivate the dialog box or just close the dialog box.
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Sending data to other addresses in the

network
J.3
If you want to send data to addresses other than the default

addresses or want to send them to more than one network user
at once, select the network link(s) from a list.
J.3
First select the data that you want to send.
Select Transfer > Send To.
Or
J.3
J.3
Click this button.
The Send To dialog box will open with a list of all available
network addresses.
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Select one or more network links.
J.3
Click Send to send the data to the address(es).

Or
J.3
J.3
Click the Cancel button to cancel.
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Sending data to an archive

address
J.3
You can store data at addresses configured as an archive node

in the network on your system.
J.3
Select Transfer > Archive to.
The Archive To dialog box opens. The available archive nodes
are listed.
J.3
Select a archive from the list.

Click Archive to transfer the data to the selected archive.
Or
J.3
J.3
Click the Cancel button to cancel.

J.3
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Exchanging Data via the

Hard Disk
CHAPTER
J.4
J.4
If you want to use or edit images in other applications, you can

copy them from the local database to a folder on your hard disk
or to a shared folder on another computer in the network.
J.4
You can likewise import the images from a folder of the hard
disk or from a network folder into the system. This is an appropriate way to load images for the Phoenix concept.
J.4
You can only export data to a network drive if a network link
has been configured and is active.
When Security is activated, you can export data only if you
Image formats
J.4
The following formats are supported:
J.4
DICOM format (*.ima)

Windows bitmap (*.bmp)
AVI format (*.avi)
J.4
NOTE
Images in Windows bitmap and AVI format can be exported
but not imported.
J.4
The images are stored as single files in a folder on your system

hard disk. Certain folders have been released (shared) for this
purpose (e.g. C:\Temp).
J.4
You can import the images from there, for example, via the network.
J.4
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Exporting images to the file system
J.4
You can copy one or more images to certain shared folders of

the system hard disk or in the network.
J.4
You can only export data to a network folder if a network link
has been configured and is active.
When Security is activated, you can export data only if you
Exporting
J.4
Select the desired images.

Select Transfer > Export to Off-line.
The Export to Off-line dialog box opens.
J.4
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Path
J.4
Select the drive and folder from the Path selection list.
Extend the path, if necessary.
If you want to select or create a subfolder, add the subfolder
to the path separated by a "\" (up to 8 folder levels are possible from the main folder).
You can also select a folder on another computer in the network. In that case, you must enter the path as "\\computer_
name\folder".
NOTE
Please make sure that the names of new directories and
subdirectories do not contain blanks.
Do not use any of the following characters: ^ = \.
J.4
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Image format
J.4
Select the image format from the Select Format selection

list (default: DICOM).
Depending on the image type, the images are exported with
8 bit/256 grayscales or 24 bit/RGB.
If you have selected a multiframe image in the Patient
Browser, only the representative image in bitmap format is
exported.
Be aware that files of the C:\Temp\CDR_OFFLINE directory
exceeding the CDs capacity are deleted when the Record
Off-line Files function has been successfully performed.
Image text
J.4
Decide whether you want to make the image text and graphics a permanent part of the images and export them, too
(default: without).
If you have selected DICOM format, the image text and
graphics will always be exported, because they are included
in the DICOM format, i.e. the export functions are not active.
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Export anonymously
J.4
You have the possibility to store the data anonymously.
J.4
Click on the anonymously checkbox and enter the name

under which to store the images in the Dummy Name field.
Starting export
J.4
J.4
Confirm with OK.

The selected image data are stored as single files.
J.4
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Filenames
J.4
The filenames are formed as follows:
J.4
Last name of patient.modality.study description.series number.

image number.timestamp.internal number.
image format
J.4
The timestamp has the following format:
YYYY.MM.DD.hh.mm.ss.dddddd
J.4
YYYY: year, e.g. 2003

MM: month, e.g. 09
hh: hours, e.g. 15
DD: day, e.g. 10
mm: minutes, e.g. 35
ss: seconds, e.g. 13
dddddd: decimal places, e.g. 123456
J.4
Example:
Miller.CT.Liver.2.13.2000.04.10.15.35.13.123456.ima
J.4
In the Japanese version, the patient's name and examination

are omitted from the filename.
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Importing images from the file

system
J.4
You can import single images from certain released folders on

the system hard disk or in the network to your local database.J.4
You can only import data from a network folder if a network
link has been configured, is currently active, and the folder is
shared.
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Importing
J.4
Select Transfer > Import from Off-line.

The Import from Off-line dialog box opens.
Selecting file(s)
J.4
J.4
Select the drive and folder from the Path selection list or
enter the path and filename, if necessary.
You can use the Windows standard wildcard "*" to select several files at once.
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Or
J.4
Select the file(s) in the folder.

If you hold the Shift or Ctrl key down, you can select several
files with the left mouse button.
If necessary, navigate through the folder tree by double-clicking folders and using the "up" button.
You have access to all folders under the folder originally configured.
Confirm with OK to import selected image files into your local
database.
Or
J.4
Double-click the file.
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N OT E
Please make sure that the names of files imported from
directories do not contain blanks.
Do not use any of the following characters: ^ = \.
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J.5
Automatic Storing and

Sending
J.5
You can automate storing and sending data to rationalize your

examination routine. For automatic data transfer, you can define
the rules by which and the time at which your system will transfer data.
Automatic storing
J.5
One benefit of that is an increase in data security during your

examination routine, because examination data are backed up
once they reach a certain stage in processing. If you did ever
delete data from your database unintentionally, you will always
have a copy at hand with which you can continue to work.
J.5
Automatic sending
J.5
You will make use of automatic sending of data in the network,

for example, if you want to make the examination results available to the ward where the patient is accommodated immediately after scanning.
The data can only be transferred automatically if the system
has been configured accordingly.
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Automatic Storing and Sending
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J.6
J.6
All data storage, sending, and export jobs are performed one
after the other.
J.6
You can find out at any time about which and how many jobs
have been completed, are in progress, or are waiting to be
started in the queue.
J.6
You can influences processing of the queue by marking jobs as
urgent, stopping jobs, repeating jobs, or deleting jobs.
J.6
Checking data transfer
J.6
The status bar shows whether you system is storing, importing, sending, or receiving data in the background.
J.6
The Local Job Status dialog box provides information about
jobs for data storage and export/import to/from your data
drives.
J.6
The Network Job Status dialog box provides information about
jobs for data exchange via the network.
J.6
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Display on the status bar
J.6
During data transfer, the status bar shows icons indicating

which operation is in progress and whether errors have occurred.
J.6
That way, you can monitor the progress of data transfer without
interrupting your work and intervene in the event of an error. J.6
J.6
operation
inactive
Storage/export
to data medium
No icon
Sending/storage
in the network
No icon
Recording a CD
No icon
Importing
J.6
No icon
Receiving
J.6
No icon
active
error
J.6
Error messages
J.6
If an error occurs during data transfer, an error message will

appear on the status bar in addition to the icon.
J.6
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Viewing and checking the transfer

jobs
J.6
The display on the status bar provides information about

progress of data transfer. For more detailed information than is
given on the status bar, see the Local Job Status and Network
Job Status dialog boxes. There you can stop jobs or correct
errors.
J.6
Irrespective of whether your system is sending or receiving
patient and examination data, you can use the Transfer menu
to call up the job status dialog box at any time and find out about
pending jobs.
J.6
Once data transfer is running in the background, you can call up
this dialog box using the icons on the status bar. That is useful,
for example, if transmission errors occur. You can see immediately which data is affected in which operation and can intervene accordingly.
J.6
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Organizing local jobs
J.6
If you want to know which data is being written to or imported

from local data media or waiting for storage or export, call up
the Local Job Status dialog box.
J.6
Select Transfer > Local Job Status.
Or
J.6
Click an icon for local data transfer on the status bar.

The Local Job Status dialog box opens.
J.6
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Network Job Status
J.6
The Network Job Status dialog box provides an overview of

which data are being transferred in the network or are being
received from it.
J.6
Select Transfer > Network Job Status.
Or
J.6
Click an icon for data transfer in the network on the status

bar.
The Network Job Status dialog box opens.
Controlling Auto Transfer

jobs
J.6
J.6
If errors occur during automatically initiated data transfers, the

network job listed in the Network Job Status dialog becomes
marked.
J.6
Click the marked network job to review the messages and to
resume this job.
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Information in the Job Status windows
J.6
The Local Job Status and Network Job Status dialog boxes
contain a joblist with the following information:
J.6
Status
Processing status of the jobs
Page J.68, Status of data transfer
Patient
Name of the patient whose data are transferred
Object
Type and scope of the data transferred
No. of images
Number of images to be transferred in the job
If your system is shut down while a job is in progress, the
number of images displayed in the job status windows may
not be correct after the next restart.
Source
Source address, i.e. name of the data medium or network
address or your local database
Destination
Destination address, i.e. name of the data medium or network address or your local database
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Posted
Time of day at which data transfer was initiated (for data
being received, the time is shown in parentheses).
Try (only in the Network Job Status window)
Number of attempts at reaching the send destination before
the job as been performed successfully.
Remain
Number of images that have not yet been transferred.
If your system is shut down while a job is in progress, the
number of images remaining displayed in the job status windows may not be correct after the next restart.
Urg (only in the Network Job Status window)
Classification as urgent.
Failed objects
Number of images that could not be transferred. A message
also appears on the status bar.
J.6
NOTE
If your system is shut down while a storage job is in
progress, the number of images remaining displayed in the
job status windows may not be correct after the next restart.
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Status of data transfer
J.6
The status of data transfer shows the extent to which the job
has already been completed:
J.6
Queued
The job is still waiting to be processed.
Active
The job is being processed.
Waiting
A network job is waiting for acknowledgement that the data
has arrived.
Stopping
The job is being stopped.
Stopped
Processing of the job has been stopped by the user.
Completed
The job has been processed. All data has been transferred
without error.
Failed
An error occurred while the job was being processed. That
has prevented it from being completed.
Recording possible
The job includes storage of a data set on CD, but it has not
yet been written to CD.
Page J.26, Storing data on CD
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Recording
The data is being written to CD.
Recording failed
An error has occurred during recording.
Retrying
An error occurred while sending to a network node. After a
configured period of time sending will be retried.
Receiving
Data is being received via the network as part of this job.
Received
Receiving via the network has been completed.
Spooling
The job is being prepared for transfer.
Error
It was not possible to prepare the job for transfer (spooling
error).
Deleting
Deletion of the job is ongoing.
Jobs with the status "error", "receiving" (or active import jobs)
or "spooling" are no longer displayed after a restart.
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Influencing data transfer
J.6
You can select transfer jobs in the Local Job Status and Network Job Status dialog boxes and edit them using buttons. J.6
The status of a job tells you what processing steps you can perform and therefore what buttons are active.
J.6
Stopping jobs
J.6
J.6
You can stop jobs with "active", "retrying" and "queued" status
at any time, for example, if you want to store them on CD before
processing them.
J.6
Select one or more jobs with "queued" status and click Stop.
The selected jobs and all other queued jobs with the same destination address will now no longer be started automatically.
These jobs have first the "Stopping" status while stopping is in
progress and the "Stopped" status when stopping is completed.J.6
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Resuming jobs
J.6
J.6
You can resume a job with "stopped" or "failed" status from

where you stopped it. (That only applies to operations performed in the Local Job Status window).
J.6
Select one or more jobs with "stopped" or "failed" status and
click Continue.
Jobs with the same destination address as the selected jobs will
also be resumed. The status of the jobs affected changes to
"active" or "stopped".
J.6
Starting jobs again
J.6
J.6
If you have stopped jobs or if an error has occurred in jobs, you

can start them from the beginning again. You can also repeat a
job already processed.
J.6
Select one or more jobs with "stopping", "stopped", "failed",
or "completed" status and click Restart.
The jobs will be started again and their status changes to
"active" or "queued".
J.6
If a job for writing to a single session CD fails, do not restart

or resume this job. Store it or export it again.
You cannot restart an import job from an MOD if you removed
and reinserted the MOD during the import process.
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Starting storage on CD
J.6
Jobs with "recording possible" status are data sets that you
have preselected for storage on CD.
J.6
Make sure you have either selected no job or a job with
"recording possible" status.
Click CD Progress.
All data sets preselected for storage on CD and having "record"
status are now written to the CD inserted in the drive.
J.6
While data is being written to CD, the Record CD dialog box is
displayed.
Page J.212, Writing
J.6
Deleting jobs
J.6
J.6
You can delete jobs listed in the job status windows if they do
not have "receiving", "recording", "spooling" or "waiting" status.
J.6
Select one or more jobs and click Delete.
These jobs will no longer be performed and will be removed
from the joblist and the status changes to "deleting".
J.6
Large jobs linger in the joblist in status "Deleting" for a while

after deletion for technical reasons. Do not restart or resume
such jobs.
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Changing the priority of

send jobs
J.6
J.6
You will mark send jobs to be processed first as "urgent" in the

Network Job Status dialog box.
J.6
Select a send job to be executed with priority and click
Urgent.
It is only possible to mark one send job per destination address
as "urgent" in the queue. It will be started immediately after the
active jobs have been completed.
J.6
If you want to reset an "urgent" mark, just select the job or

jobs and click Priority again.
Clearing the joblist
J.6
J.6
You can remove those entries with "completed", "received", or

"error" status from the joblist.
J.6
Click Clear.
These jobs will be removed from the joblist.
J.6
Closing the window
J.6
J.6
Click Close.
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J.7
J.7
The Transfer Configuration dialog box allows you to define

how store, export and send jobs are performed by your system.
J.7
You can make or change the following settings here:
J.7
Automatic storing and sending of examination data

Work status required for storing data and whether to make
optimum use of the storage capacity on the data media
Select the Numaris/4-configuration platform

(Options > Configuration in the main menu).
The Basics part of this manual tells you how to call up and
exit configuration windows, save changes, or reset settings
back to their as-delivered state.
Select the Transfer configuration window.
The Transfer Configuration window is displayed with the
Auto-Transfer, Local Devices and Network Nodes tab cards.J.7
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Automatic data transfer
J.7
The Auto-Transfer tab card allows you to define whether and

by what rules patient and examination data are automatically
stored or sent via the network.
J.7
You can check and change automatically started data transfer
jobs in the job status dialog boxes in exactly the same way as
manually started storing and send jobs.
Page J.63, Viewing and checking the transfer jobs
Go to the Auto-Transfer tab card.
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Rules for automatic data transfer
J.7
The list on the Auto Transfer tab card informs you what data
with what work status will automatically be transferred by your
system to what destination.
J.7
Each line of this list contains a rule for automatic data transfer.
These rules consist of the following conditions:
J.7
Active
A checkmark in the first column indicates that this rule is currently active.
Workstate
The data preselected for transfer that have reached the work
status specified here are automatically stored or sent
through the network.
You will find information about the work status of patient and
examination data in the Patient Browser part.
Processing Status
Data that have reached the status stated here are automatically stored or sent via the network.
Objects
This shows you the data volume to which the rule applies
(e.g. single images, series...).
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Destination
This column shows to which drive or network address the
data are automatically transferred.
Marked
A checkmark in this column indicates that only preselected
data are automatically transferred.
Filmed
A checkmark in this column indicates that only filmed data
are automatically transferred.
You will find information about preselecting patient and examination data in the Patient Browser part.
Page D.66, Marking examination data
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Creating, editing, and deleting rules
J.7
Input field below the list allow you to edit the existing rules for
automatic data transfer or to create new rules.
J.7
Creating new rules and

editing rules
You can create up to ten rules.

J.7
J.7
Select a rule for editing from the list.

Or
J.7
Click New to create a new rule.
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Rules
J.7
The first checkbox is for activating or deactivating a rule.
The Marked and Printed checkboxes define whether only

preselected and/or filmed/printed images will be used.
With the first selection list you can define the conditions for
the work status. Only data in the work status stated are considered for automatic data transmission.
With the second selection list you can define the conditions
for the transfer processing step status.
Special entries:
J.7
Selecting None in these selection lists means that an auto

transfer route is valid if the according attribute is empty.
Selecting Dont care means that the status is not relevant to
the rule and changes will not be considered.
Selecting * means that any change of the corresponding
attribute invokes an auto transfer job.
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Please note that you can also assign the completed status
manually in the Patient Browser and in this way initiate automatic data transmission if necessary.
Define in the third selection list whether you want each individual image, complete series, or only whole studies to be
transmitted given the appropriate work status.
J.7
TIP
Automatic data transfer rules should be configured at the
series level.
J.7
J.7
Select the destination address in the fourth entry field.

For example, select Ward as the destination address to
have the examination data of a patient automatically transferred to the ward where that patient is located and which you
entered during patient registration. This is, of course, only
possible if the name of this ward has been set up as an
address in the data network of your hospital.
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Infinite loop
J.7
When writing rules, please avoid infinite loops!
J.7
Example of a bad configuration containing an infinite loop:
J.7
(1) Computer 1 sends data to Computer 2.

(2) Rule on Computer 2: Send all data received to Computer 3.
(3) Rule on Computer 3: Send all data received to Computer 2.
The first time Computer 2 receives data, that data will be sent
J.7
round and round in a loop between Computers 2 and 3.
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Deleting rules
J.7
You can delete rules that are no longer needed for data transmission in the future instead of just deactivating them.
J.7
Select the rule that you want to delete from the list.
Click Delete.
The rule is removed from the list.
J.7
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Default settings for export
J.7
The Local Devices tab card allows you to define the default
settings for exporting data to data media.
J.7
You can set how the storage capacity date media will be used
on individual drives. You can also define rules for the work status.
J.7
Go to the Local Devices tab card.
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Defining storage assignment
J.7
If you require several data media to export data, you can define
whether the data of one patient can be distributed over two data
media or not (if technically possible).
J.7
J.7
Click the Keep all objects... radio button to have the data of
one patient always stored contiguously.
Or
J.7
Click the Maximize media usage radio button to allow

examination data of one patient to be distributed over two or
more data media. This will make optimum use of the storage
capacity of the data medium.
J.7
NOTE
The Option Keep all objects for one patient on one
medium is only valid for one job.
J.7
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Defining the necessary work status
J.7
Here you can select what work status patient and examination
data should reach before being stored. If this work status has
not been reached, a warning will be displayed before storage.
J.7
J.7
Use the radio buttons to define the work status required

before storage.
The Verified and Read radio buttons apply to the Examination and Series levels only.
Selecting the Unspecific radio button enables storing for any
work status without confirmation.
Also click the Printed checkbox to make sure images are
filmed/printed at least once more before being stored.
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Setting Network Nodes
J.7
On the Network Nodes tab card, you can define the default settings for sending data in the network. You can specify a quality
factor and rules for repeated send attempts and the work status
for the network address.
J.7
Click the Network Nodes tab card into the foreground.
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Setting retries
J.7
If errors occur during data transmission in the network, they can

often be remedied with a repeated attempt. You can set how
many times and at what interval attempts are to be repeated. J.7
J.7
Enter the number of retries or click on the arrows. (Possible

values: 0 to 5; default: 0)
Enter the time interval between the attempts or click on the
arrows.
(Possible values: 5 to 60 min.; default: 10 min.)
The number of new attempts is displayed in the window
Network Job Status.
Page J.66, Information in the Job Status windows
Defining the necessary work status
J.7
Here you can select what work status patient and examination
data must have reached in case of storing. If this work status is
not reached, a warning is displayed before storage.
J.7
J.7
With the radio buttons, define the work status required for
sending.
If you select the radio button Unspecific, storing is possible
in any work status without confirmation.
Select the checkbox Printed, too, if you want to film or print
the images at least once before they are sent.
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Operator Manual
PART
Neuro 3D
K.0
K.1 Introduction
Starting Neuro 3D .......................................................... K.12
The Neuro 3D task card ................................................. K.13
Image segments ........................................................ K.14
Volume image segment ............................................. K.15
Plot segment .............................................................. K.16
Control area ............................................................... K.17
Closing Neuro 3D ........................................................... K.18
K.2 Loading Images

Loading anatomical images ........................................... K.22
Loading functional information ....................................... K.23
Unloading a volume 4
K.3 Changing the Anatomical Display

Enlarging a segment ...................................................... K.32
Zooming and panning images ........................................ K.33
Adjusting VRT settings................................................... K.34
Rotating a volume image ............................................... K.39
Hiding unwanted volume parts ..................................... K.310
Selecting clip planes ................................................ K.311
Using clip planes ..................................................... K.313
Displaying images in the volume image segment ........ K.316
Defining properties of orthogonal MPRs .................. K.319
Defining properties of floating MPRs ....................... K.321
Resizing images in the volume segment ................. K.323
Windowing images ....................................................... K.324
Moving image planes ................................................... K.326
Calling standard views ................................................. K.329
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Neuro 3D
K.4 Displaying Functional Information

Masking image areas ..................................................... K.42
Setting colors, thresholds, and the alpha value .............. K.45
Setting the colors of the activation map ..................... K.47
Changing the alpha value ........................................ K.410
Changing the cluster size ......................................... K.411
Changing the anatomical threshold.......................... K.412
K.5 Neuro 3D Evaluation

Evaluating examinations in the analysis mode ............... K.52
Selecting regions of the brain..................................... K.53
Monitoring examinations in the online mode .................. K.58
K.6 Saving and Filming Images

Saving images ................................................................ K.62
Exporting images to the file system ................................ K.64
Filming images ............................................................... K.66
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
K.1
Introduction
K.1
The Neuro 3D task card is used to examine results of functional

imaging in their anatomical context. To this end, the functional
information is combined with the anatomical image data set.
Subsequently, you select the regions of interest in the brain.
The resulting superimposed image and the graphical display of
brain activity are used for evaluation.
K.1
How to proceed
K.1
Once you have started Neuro 3D, load an anatomical image

data set to obtain an initial overview of the volume. A freely
rotatable 3D volume image, three orthogonal and three freely
movable sectional views are available. For final evaluation, you
can switch to either the online mode (main console only) or
analysis mode.
K.1
In the analysis mode, functional information from a completed
examination is loaded from a database. In the online mode on
the main console, functional information is taken directly from a
current examination.
K.1
You may adapt the views to your requirements and hide
unwanted portions of the image using clip planes. By drawing
VOIs (volumes of interest) in the images you are able to record
a signal-time curve from the selected regions of the brain.
K.1
The relevant images are stored in the database or transferred
to the Filming task card. You can export the images to the file
system.
K.1
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Introduction
Neuro 3D
Starting Neuro 3D
K.1
The Neuro 3D task card is started from one of the task cards or
from the Patient Browser.
K.1
Select Applications > Neuro 3D (MR) from the main menu.
The Neuro 3D task card opens.
K.1
You can also open the task card together with the anatomical
image data set to be loaded.
Page K.22, Loading anatomical images
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Neuro 3D
Introduction
The Neuro 3D task card
K.1
The Neuro 3D task card is divided into the following areas:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
K.1
Menu bar
Image segments 1 and 2
Plot segment / image segment 3
Volume segment
Control area
Status bar
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Introduction
Neuro 3D
Image segments
K.1
Sectional images are shown in the two image segments in the

upper part of the task card. Similarly, sectional images will be
shown in the lower left image segment prior to activating an
evaluation mode. These are MPR displays of the anatomical
data or superimposed images comprising anatomical and functional data (alpha images). The three image planes of this
orthogonal MPR are mutually orthogonal and each is parallel
with one edge area of the anatomical volume. In the default
position, the image planes intersect at the center of the volume.
K.1
Reference lines
K.1
The image segments contain reference lines showing the section position and viewing direction of the two other orthogonal
MPRs.
K.1
If the reference lines interfere when evaluating the sectional

image, you can hide them with Display > Reference Lines.
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Neuro 3D
Introduction
Volume image segment
K.1
The volume image segment shows a three-dimensional display

of the loaded images obtained by the volume rendering technique (VRT). In addition to the VRT volume image, additional
views and graphical elements are available to you in this segment.
K.1
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Orthogonal MPRs: views from the image segments.

Clip planes: Tool for hiding unwanted parts of the volume.
Bounding box: Edges of a loaded volume.
Floating MPRs: freely selectable image views.
Orientation cube: shows the current orientation of the volume image.
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Introduction
Neuro 3D
Plot segment
K.1
When you switch to analysis mode, the plot segment is displayed instead of the lower left image segment. It contains a
diagram showing the signal intensity of selected cerebral
regions over time.
K.1
Showing/hiding plot
segment
K.1
You can switch between the plot and image segment, if you
want to use the third sectional image in analysis mode.
K.1
Unselect the Display Plot option in the Analysis menu.
The sectional image is displayed.
K.1
Select the Display Plot option in the Analysis menu.

The diagram is displayed again.
K.1
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Neuro 3D
Introduction
Control area
K.1
The control area on the right of the task card contains the following groups with information and operating elements:
K.1
(1) Volume control providing information about the loaded
data and for unloading the data sets.
(2) Online/analysis control for controlling online and analysis
modes. The online functions are only available on the main
console if you have a license for them.
(3) General control functions for showing and hiding image
elements.
(4) View control with the subtask card View and Visual for
changing the image views.
(5) Input/output control with functions for saving and filming
images or the diagram.
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Introduction
Neuro 3D
Closing Neuro 3D
K.1
After completing the evaluation in Neuro 3D, exit from the application again.
K.1
Select Applications > Close Neuro 3D (MR).
The Neuro 3D task card will be closed. Another task card is
moved into foreground.
K.1
What to look out for when

logging off
K.1
If you do not close individual applications but log off the system
(e.g. with the Options > End Session menu item), please note
the following.
K.1
K.1
N OT E
When a user logs off, unsaved data are lost permanently.
Check whether data still needs to be saved and save any
data you want to keep before you log off.
K.1
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
K.2
Loading Images
K.2
As a first step, load the required anatomical volume data set

from the Patient Browser to the Neuro 3D task card.
K.2
For evaluations in analysis mode (offline), continue by loading
the associated functional information.
K.2
In online mode (main console only), the function information
is received directly from the Exam task card.
Page K.58, Monitoring examinations in the online mode
Requirements
K.2
Neuro 3D lets you evaluate anatomical and functional information with software version 2002B and higher. Prior to loading
image data sets, the system checks their suitability for 3D evaluation with Neuro 3D.
K.2
BOLD data and the activation map can be loaded only in
mosaic format. When selecting anatomical data, please note:K.2
Only one anatomical series can be loaded and has to contain
at least two images.
A series in mosaic format cannot be loaded as an anatomical
image data set.
All images must be from the same study.
All images must be parallel and acquired along one axis.
No missing or duplicate images.
None of the images must have undergone distortion correction or compression.
If you try to select unsuitable images or series, the system displays a message.
K.2
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Loading Images
Neuro 3D
Loading anatomical images
K.2
Select the anatomical image data set for evaluation with

Neuro 3D in the Patient Browser.
K.2
Select Patient > Browser from the main menu.
Select the exam, series, or individual images desired.
Drag & drop your selection into the Neuro 3D window.
Or
K.2
Click the Neuro 3D (MR) button on the tool bar of the Patient
Browser.
Or
K.2
Select Applications > Neuro 3D (MR) from the Patient

Browser menu.
The images are loaded into Neuro 3D. If the task card was not
open, it will open now.
K.2
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Operator Manual
Neuro 3D
Loading Images
Loading functional information
K.2
After you have loaded the anatomical data set, you will add the
functional information to the image views. Load the relevant
BOLD series as a data source for the signal-time curve in the
plot segment.
K.2
The BOLD volume and activation map must be available as
mosaic images.
Loading an activation
map

K.2
Select the series with the required activation map (e.g.

EvaSeries_tTest).
Drag & drop your selection into the Neuro 3D window.
Or
K.2
Click the Neuro 3D (MR) button on the tool bar of the Patient
Browser.
Or
K.2
Select Applications > Neuro 3D (MR) from the Patient

Browser menu.
The images are loaded into Neuro 3D. The information from the
first image is placed in the image segments.
K.2
Loading the BOLD

volume
K.2
Select and load the required BOLD volume in the same way
(e.g. MoCoSeries or ep2d_bold...).
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Loading Images
Loading the fieldmap
Neuro 3D
K.2
If you have scanned the anatomical data set first and then the
BOLD images, the fieldmap with the functional information is
also automatically loaded ( Page K.42).
If no fieldmap is available, a message is displayed.
K.2
If you have performed the scans in a different sequence, you
must load the fieldmap manually.
K.2
Select the fieldmap from the Patient Browser and click the
Neuro 3D (MR) button on the toolbar.
Unloading a volume
K.2
The upper control area shows the data sets loaded. The relevant buttons are activated. You can also unload a single volume
using these buttons. However, you cannot unload the anatomy
while one of the other volumes is loaded.
K.2
Click the button of the volume you want to unload.
If you want to hide the activation map or fieldmap temporarily,
use the buttons in the center of the control area or the Display menu.
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
K.3
Changing the Anatomical

Display
K.3
By individually setting the window values, you are able to optimize the display of the image segments. For volume images
with volume rendering technique (VRT), Neuro 3D provides a
number of predefined parameter sets for selection.
K.3
You are able to hide unwanted parts of the volume in the volume
segment using clip planes and rotating the volume image and
free images into position. The size of the view and the displayed
portion of the image can be changed as required in the image
segments.
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Changing the Anatomical Display
Neuro 3D
Enlarging a segment
K.3
When evaluating details, you can enlarge an image segment or

the plot segment to fill the display.
K.3
Double-click the segment to be enlarged.
Or
K.3
Select the segment to be enlarged and then View Properties > 1x1 Layout.
The segment is enlarged to full screen size. You can return to
the standard 2x2 layout view at any time via the menu.
K.3
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Operator Manual
Neuro 3D
K.3
For improved detail recognition, zoom images and pan the area
of interest into the center of the segment.
K.3
Select Modes > Zoom & Pan.
Or
K.3
Click the Zoom/Pan button on the View subtask card of the

control area.
Enlarging an image
K.3
Position the mouse pointer along the edge of the image.

Hold down the left mouse button and drag the mouse up or
down to zoom the image.
Panning an image
K.3
Center the mouse pointer in the image.

Hold down the left mouse button and drag the image to the
required position.
You can deactivate the Zoom/Pan mode the same way you activated it.
K.3
Resetting
K.3
The view is reset to its original size and position as follows:
K.3
Select View Properties > Home Zoom/Pan.
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Neuro 3D
Adjusting VRT settings
K.3
The three-dimensional volume image is calculated from the

data set by the volume rendering technique (VRT). The VRT
display is determined by the parameters transparency, brightness, color, and signal intensity.
K.3
You can adapt the VRT display to your requirements by setting
more suitable parameters. The Anatomy Visual Gallery offers
you various parameter sets that you can select. You can also
change individual parameters.
K.3
Neuro 3D uses the same Anatomy Visual Gallery and the
same VRT functions as the 3D task card.
Chapter H.7, Volume Rendering Technique (VRT)
Assigning a parameter set
by hand
K.3
The Anatomy Visual Gallery provides an overview of the available parameter sets. Choose a suitable one.
K.3
Select Visual Properties > Anatomy Visual Gallery.
Or
K.3
Click the Anatomy Visual Gallery button on the Visual subtask card of the control area.
The Anatomy Visual Gallery opens.
K.3
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Operator Manual
Neuro 3D
Click the desired parameter set.

The volume image is displayed including the respective tissue
class parameters. Check the view and change your selection if
necessary.
K.3
Confirm your selection with OK.
The Anatomy Visual Gallery closes.
K.3
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Edit the parameter set
K.3
Neuro 3D
If the existing parameter sets do not meet your requirements,

the characteristics of the VRT display can be changed individually.
K.3
It is easiest to modify parameters from a similar existing set.
You can either use the modified parameters for the current session or store them in the Anatomy Visual Gallery for subsequent
evaluations.
K.3
Select the parameter set in the Anatomy Visual Gallery that
you want to use as a starting point.
Select Visual Properties > Anatomy Visual Properties.
Or
K.3
Right-click the Show / Hide VRT button in the control area.

The Anatomy Visual Properties dialog box opens.
K.3
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Operator Manual
Neuro 3D
Adjust the transparency, brightness, color, and signal intensity value of each tissue class.
To change the numerical values of parameters, show the
numerical setting area with the Advanced >> button.
For a detailed description, please go to

Page H.710, Creating and editing parameter sets.
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Neuro 3D
Save your changes as a new parameter set or overwrite the

current parameter set.
Connect the loaded data set with the current VRT settings so
the data set will be displayed again later with these settings.
To delete a parameter set from the Anatomy Visual Gallery,
select it from the Preset list and click the Delete Preset button.
K.3
N OT E
Do not delete or overwrite the parameter sets until they are
no longer required for other images or series.
K.3
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Operator Manual
Neuro 3D
Rotating a volume image
K.3
You can rotate the volume image to any position using the
mouse.
K.3
In case the zoom/pan mode is active, switch it off again.
Grab the volume image with the mouse and drag it to the
desired location.
The orientation cube in the lower right part of the image shows
the viewing angle relative to the patient:
L = Viewed from the left
R = Viewed from the right
A = Front view (Anterior)
P = View from the back (Posterior)
H = Caudal view (Head)
F = Cranial view (Feet)
K.3
You can return the volume image to its original display at any
time or set one of the standard viewing angles.
Page K.329, Calling standard views
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Neuro 3D
Hiding unwanted volume parts
K.3
After loading an image series, the complete data set will be displayed. You have a choice of evaluating certain areas of interest
only with Neuro 3D. Set clip planes to expose these structures
behind concealing volume parts.
K.3
Six clip planes can be used to delimit the sides of the displayed
volume. You can use the clip planes by moving them between
the areas of interest and the hidden areas. Volume outside the
clip planes will be hidden. The interior, however, will be visible.K.3
Clip planes are only active in the volume image.
Activating/deactivating
clip planes
Activate the clip planes to apply them.
K.3
K.3
Click the Show / Hide Clip Plane button in the control area.
Or
K.3
Select the Clip Plane option in the Display menu.

K.3
To deactivate the clip planes, unclick the button or deselect

the option in the menu.
The Clip Plane Properties dialog box defines which of the
six clip planes will be activated or deactivated in this way.
Page K.311, Selecting clip planes
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Selecting clip planes
K.3
You can define which of the six clip planes are available in the
Clip Plane Properties dialog box.
K.3
Select Display > Clip Plane Properties.
Or
K.3
Right-click the Show / Hide Clip Plane button in the control

area.
The Clip Plane Properties dialog box opens.
K.3
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Selecting clip planes
K.3
Neuro 3D
Individually select the clip planes you want to use.
K.3
Click the required clip planes on the cube.

The selected clip planes are highlighted in color.
K.3
K.3
Unselecting clip planes
K.3
Unselect unwanted clip planes.
K.3
Click the selected clip planes you want to deselect.

The deselected clip planes are no longer shown with color highlighting.
K.3
Hiding the frames
K.3
The frames indicate the position of the clip planes in the volume
and allows you to move them. You can hide the frames if they
are in the way during evaluation.
K.3
Click the Hide Frame button.
Frames are hidden and the text on the button changes to Show
Frame. This allows you to show the frames again at any time.
K.3
Click Close.
The Clip Plane Properties dialog box closes.
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Using clip planes
K.3
If you have activated the clip planes, the selected clip planes
are active in the volume segment and can be moved.
K.3
Activating edit mode
K.3
Display the frames of the clip planes if they are hidden.

Click the frame of the clip plane you want to move in the volume image.
The frame is highlighted in color. It now has edit handles in the
corners (cubes) and center (points).
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Moving
K.3
Neuro 3D
To hide unwanted outer parts of the volume, move the clip plane
into the volume.
K.3
Click a line of the frame and hold the mouse button down.
The frame line is highlighted in color.
K.3
To move the plane upward or farther away, move the mouse

pointer up.
Or
K.3
To move the selected plane downward or closer, drag the

mouse pointer down.
Tilting
K.3
You can use the four frame points to tilt a clip plane about its
center in the volume image.
K.3
Click the point you want to use to tilt the plane.
The point and the frame line are highlighted in color.
K.3
Drag the point in the required direction holding the mouse

button down.
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Resizing the frame
K.3
At the four corners you can reduce or enlarge the frame of a clip
plane. This does not alter the clip plane itself.
K.3
Click the corner where you want to resize the frame.
The cube and the frame line are highlighted in color.
K.3
To reduce the frame, move the cube inward holding the

mouse button down.
Or
K.3
To enlarge the frame, drag the cube outward holding the

mouse button down.
Deactivating edit mode
K.3
When the clip plane has reached the required position and size,
deactivate the edit mode again.
K.3
Click the frame line of the highlighted clip plane.
Or
K.3
Click the background of the volume segment.
Resetting
K.3
You can return to displaying the complete volume at any time.K.3

Click this button in the Clip Plane Properties dialog box.
All clip planes return to their original size and position.
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Neuro 3D
Displaying images in the volume

image segment
K.3
After you have loaded the anatomical data set, the volume
image segment shows both the VRT volume image and the
orthogonal MPRs. This provides a better overview of the loaded
volume. To display images with a freely selectable image plane,
you may also display floating MPRs.
K.3
(1) Orthogonal MPRs (projected)

(2) Floating MPRs
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K.3
N OT E
Please remember that elements (MPR views, clip planes,
VRT image, frames) in the volume segment may hide each
other. This complicates the correct recognition of
structures.
K.3
In online mode (main console only), the VRT volume image is

automatically hidden to optimize the response rate of
Neuro 3D. You temporarily use the displayed MPR views for
your evaluations.
Showing / hiding
orthogonal MPRs
K.3
If you do not want to display orthogonal MPRs in the volume

segment, hide them.
K.3
Deselect the Orthogonal MPRs option in the Display menu.
You can show orthogonal MPRs again at any time by selecting
K.3
the Orthogonal MPRs option from the menu again.
Use the volume segment in the Orthogonal MPR Properties
dialog box to determine the display of orthogonal MPRs.
Page K.319, Defining properties of orthogonal MPRs
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Showing / hiding
floating MPRs
Neuro 3D
Show floating MPRs in the volume segment.
K.3
K.3
Click the Show / Hide Floating MPRs button in the control

area.
Or
K.3
Select the Floating MPR option in the Display menu.

You can hide floating MPRs again at any time by deselecting
K.3
the Floating MPR option from the menu again.
You determine your choice of the three floating MPRs (hidden
or shown) in the Floating MPR Properties dialog.
Page K.321, Defining properties of floating MPRs
K.3
N OT E
If you show the VRT volume image, it will cover the floating
MPRs.
K.3
K.3
Hiding the volume image
K.3
Hide the volume image if you only want to display special

images in the VRT volume segment.
K.3
Click the Show / Hide VRT button in the control area.
Or
K.3
Deselect the VRT option in the Display menu.
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Defining properties of orthogonal MPRs
K.3
You can define whether the orthogonal MPRs will be displayed

at their actual position in their image plane in the volume or projected outward.
K.3
Select Display > Orthogonal MPR Properties.
The Orthogonal MPR Properties dialog box opens.
K.3
If the orthogonal MPRs are hidden in the volume segment,

click the Show button.
The orthogonal MPRs are now visible in the volume segment.K.3
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Displaying MPRs outside

the volume
Neuro 3D
Select the Stationary at Volume Cube Surface option.

K.3
With the Shift slider, you can set the interval between the MPR
views and the surface of the volume:
K.3
Drag the handle of the slider to the right to increase the interval.
Or
K.3
Drag the handle of the slider to the left to reduce the interval.
Displaying the MPRs

in the volume
Select the In Place at Reference Position option.

K.3
The orthogonal MPRs are displayed at the actual position of

their image plane.
K.3
Displaying the frames
K.3
You can mark image planes of orthogonal MPRs by using

frames in the volume.
K.3
Click Show Frame.
Frames are shown and the text on the button changes to Hide
Frame. This allows you to hide the frames again at any time.
K.3

Details of how to move the image planes of the orthogonal
MPRs are included on Page K.326.
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Defining properties of floating MPRs
K.3
You may select up to three floating MPRs in the volume segment.

K.3
Select Display > Floating MPR Properties.
Or
K.3
Right-click the Show / Hide Floating MPRs button.

The Floating MPR Properties dialog box opens. The figures
show the three available floating MPRs in their default position.
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Neuro 3D
If the floating MPRs are hidden in the volume segment, click

the Show button.
Click the image planes you want to activate as floating MPRs
in the figure.
The selected floating MPRs are highlighted in color.
K.3
Hiding the frames
K.3
You can hide the frames of floating MPRs in the volume.
K.3
Click Hide Frame.

Frames are hidden and the text on the button changes to Show
Frame. This allows you to show the frames again at any time.
K.3

To move the image planes of the floating MPRs, refer to
Page K.326, Moving image planes.
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Resizing images in the volume segment
K.3
At the four corners you can reduce or enlarge the frame of an

image in the volume segment.
K.3
Display the frames of the images if they are hidden.
Click the image frame you want to reduce or enlarge in the
volume image.
The frame is highlighted in color. The corners of the frame
(cubes) are edit handles.
K.3
Click the corner where you want to resize the frame.
The cube and the frame line are highlighted in color.
K.3
To reduce (enlarge) the frame, move the cube inward (outward) holding the mouse button down.
It is not possible to resize orthogonal MPRs projected onto
the side areas.
How to deactivate edit mode again.
K.3
Click the highlighted frame line.

Or
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Neuro 3D
Windowing images
K.3
You are able to change the window values (brightness and contrast) of the images to optimize the anatomical display.
K.3
Single windowing
K.3
If you want to change the window values of an image, just

switch to the Single Windowing mode: This mode is not active
in the volume segment.
K.3
Click the Single windowing button on the Image subtask
card of the control area.
Or
K.3
Select the Single Windowing option in the Visual Properties menu.

You can deactivate the mode at any time.
Automatic windowing
K.3
You can automatically optimize window values.
K.3
Click the Auto Windowing button on the Image subtask

Or
K.3
Select Visual Properties > Auto Windowing.

Windowing using the
mouse
K.3
During manual windowing with the mouse, you are able to

observe changes in brightness and contrast until you achieve
the values you require.
K.3
Click the image with the center mouse button and hold the
button down.
The mouse pointer disappears.
K.3
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Drag the mouse up or down to change the brightness (window position).

Or
K.3
Drag the mouse to the right or left to change the contrast

(window width).
Release the mouse button once the window values are set to
your requirements.
Windowing using the

keyboard
K.3
You can also use the keys on your keyboard to fine-tune the
window values.
K.3
To change window values, select the respective image segment.
Press the Pos+ or Pos- keys to increase or reduce the
brightness.
Press the Width+ or Width- keys to increase or reduce contrast.
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Moving image planes
K.3
Suitable section views are set by positioning the image planes

in the volume.
K.3
With orthogonal MPRs you are able to move the image plane
via the mouse or reference line. They remain parallel with one
of the volume sides.
You can move the image planes of floating MPRs in any spatial
direction.
K.3
Activating edit mode
K.3
Display the frames of the images if they are hidden.

Click the frame of the image whose clip plane you want to
move in the volume image.
The frame is highlighted in color.
K.3
Moving via the mouse
K.3
Click a line of the frame and hold the mouse button down.
The frame line is highlighted in color.
K.3
To move the plane upward or farther away, move the mouse

pointer up.
Or
K.3

mouse pointer down.
The image is updated.
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Moving using the

reference line
K.3
Moving a reference line in an image segment changes the

associated orthogonal MPR. For example, to change the MPR
in the red image segment, move the red reference line in the
blue or green image segment.
K.3
Move the mouse pointer to the intended reference line and
then move the line to the intended section position with the
mouse.
The image is updated.
K.3
Rotating
K.3
With the four points in the center of the frame, you can tilt the
image plane of a floating MPR in the volume image about its
center.
K.3
Click the point where you want to tilt the plane.
The point and the frame line are highlighted in color.
K.3
Drag the point in the required direction holding the mouse

button down.
Deactivating edit mode
K.3
Once you have moved the image plane in the required position,
deactivate edit mode again.
K.3
Click the frame line of the highlighted image plane.
Or
K.3
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Moving a plane of
intersection
K.3
Neuro 3D
A point of interest in the volume may be simultaneously displayed in all image segments by moving the plane of intersection of the orthogonal MPRs to this position.
K.3
Locate and click the position in the image.
Or
K.3
Locate the position to be shown in the volume segment

views. Then click this position in the volume segment.
The views in the image segments and the corresponding
images in the volume segment are updated.
K.3
You can return the image planes to their default position at

any time.
Page K.329, Calling standard views
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Calling standard views
K.3
You are able to restore the original view of the loaded data set
at any time. You can also orient the volume view in one of the
standard viewing directions with the mouse.
K.3
Resetting all views
K.3
Resetting all image segments to the original view undoes all

changes to the image view (e.g. zooming, panning, or rotating).
K.3
Changes to window values and VRT settings and hiding with
clip planes are retained.
Select View Properties > Home All.
Or
K.3
Click the Undo All button on the View subtask card of the
control area.
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Resetting the
volume view
K.3
Neuro 3D
You can reset the volume view to its original size and front viewing direction.
K.3
Select View Properties > Home 3D.
Or
K.3
Click the Home 3D button on the View subtask card of the

control area.
All zoom/pan or rotate changes to the volume view are undone.
K.3
Volume view
Orienting
K.3
You can orient the volume view in one of the standard viewing
directions.
K.3
Select View Properties > 3D Orientation and select the
required setting from the submenu.
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Resetting orthogonal
MPRs
K.3
Clip planes of the image segments are returned to their default

position at the center of the volume as follows:
K.3
Open the Orthogonal MPR Properties dialog box with Display > Orthogonal MPR Properties.
Click this button.
The orthogonal MPRs are updated.
K.3
Resetting floating MPRs
K.3
The image planes of floating MPRs have the same default position as orthogonal MPRs: mutually orthogonal at the center of
the volume, each parallel with one side of the volume.
K.3
Open the Floating MPR Properties dialog box with
Display > Floating MPR Properties.
Click this button.
The floating MPRs are updated.
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Displaying Functional
Information
CHAPTER
K.4
K.4
Before evaluating overlay images, it is necessary to optimize

the display of the functional information. If needed, you may
temporarily hide the activation map.
K.4
the activation map
K.4
To hide the activation map, deselect the Activation Map

option from the Display menu.
Or
K.4
Click the Show / Hide Activation Map button in the control

area.
To show the activation map, select the Show / Hide Activation Map option from the View menu.
Or
K.4
Click the Show / Hide Activation Map button in the control

area.
Interpolation
K.4
The signal intensities measured for adjacent activation clusters

may differ considerably. The resulting pronounced division of
the image into pixels only partly reflects reality and makes evaluation of structure more difficult. That is why smooth transitions
are simulated. You can deactivate this function.
K.4
Deselect the Interpolation On option in the Display menu.
The measured values are now shown without smoothing
between adjacent voxels. You can reselect this option at any
time.
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Displaying Functional Information
Neuro 3D
Masking image areas
K.4
Due to the measurement method, echoplanar measurements

are the basis for the functional information and may result in distortions and local signal loss in some image areas. In those
areas, unambiguous superimposition of the functional information on the anatomical images cannot be ensured.
K.4
By using additional information from the field map measurement (generates a map of the B0 field) it is possible to mask
these critical areas. Masking indicates that the positional
assignment of functional information to the anatomy has to be
checked carefully in these areas as well as their immediate
vicinity.
K.4
(1) Masked area

(2) Delimiting of the field map
(3) Image text with information about the field map
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The field map is automatically loaded with the functional information. A system messages informs you if no valid field map is
available.
K.4
N OT E
Without a field map, combined images may be
misinterpreted.
K.4
K.4
Deactivating masked
areas
Deselect the Fieldmap option in the Display menu.

K.4
Or
K.4
Click the Fieldmap button in the control area to turn it off.

Confirm the safety information with OK.
The images no longer contain masked areas. The lower left corner of the image segments contains the information Fieldmap
Off.
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Activating blocked areas
K.4
Neuro 3D
Select the Fieldmap option in the Display menu.

Or
K.4
Click the Fieldmap button in the control area.

The masked areas are displayed again. The image text contains the information Fieldmap On.
K.4
An anatomical threshold is preset that ensures that the colored marking of masked areas is restricted to the head. You
can change this threshold.
Page K.45, Setting colors, thresholds, and the alpha value
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Setting colors, thresholds, and the

alpha value
K.4
The Functional Visual Properties dialog box lets you define

how the activation map and the areas masked by the field map
will be displayed.
K.4
Opening the dialog box
K.4
Select Visual Properties > Functional Visual Properties.

Or
K.4
Click the Functional Visual Properties button on the Visual

subtask card of the control area
The dialog box opens. It contains the dialog elements of the
Activation Color Palette group box.
K.4
Click More >>.
The dialog box opens up completely.
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(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Neuro 3D
Activation Color Palette group box

Alpha Blend Factor group box
Filter group box
Anatomical Threshold group box
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Operator Manual
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Setting the colors of the activation map
K.4
To visualize the functional information, different colors are

assigned to different signal intensities. The color palette to be
used and the value range of the signal intensities are defined in
the Activation Color Palette group box of the Functional
Visual Properties dialog box.
K.4
If the activation map contains positive values, you just need the
upper color palette. Similarly, only the lower color palette is
required if the activation map contains only negative activity values. Deactivate the color palette that does not apply.
K.4
Selecting a color palette
K.4
Select the color palette you require for the positive activity
values from the Upper selection list.
Or
K.4
Deactivate the upper palette by selecting None from the

selection list.
Select the color palette you require for the negative activity
values from the Lower selection list.
Or
K.4
Deactivate the lower palette by selecting None from the

selection list.
The colors of the combined image display changes in accordance with the new settings.
K.4
If you deactivate a color palette although activity data in that
range is available, those areas of the images will not be
shown.
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Neuro 3D
K.4
TIP
If you want to print combined images on a black-and-white
printer, select BrightGreyscale
as the color scale (black-and-white scale).
K.4
To rule out possible ambiguities in grayscale values,
window the grayscales values in the anatomical segment.K.4
K.4
Setting the value range
K.4
You can define the activity values that are assigned a color. For
this purpose you may use sliders or numerical input fields.
Activity values without a color assigned to them do not appear
in the images.
K.4
The check box, which is activated by default, ensures that a
change in one of the two value ranges (positive or negative)
automatically affects the other value range accordingly (symmetry).
K.4
If you want to set the value ranges independently, deactivate
the Symmetry check box.
Enter the new value for the lower limit of the negative value
range in the far left input field.
Or
K.4
Drag the left handle of the slider to the required setting with
the mouse.
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Enter the new value for the upper limit of the negative value
range in the left center enter box.
Or
K.4
Drag the right handle of the slider to the required setting with
the mouse.
Setting a gap between the negative and positive value range
suppresses display of very low-intensity signals and therefore
also noise.
Set the positive value range in the same way as the negative
value range if you want to make changes asymmetrically.
The set color values are then assigned to the activity values
within the value ranges. All activity values outside the value
ranges will not appear.
K.4
The default setting is display interpolation activated. For more
info, see
Page K.41, Interpolation.
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Changing the alpha value
K.4
The alpha value defines how predominantly activity data are

superimposed on the anatomical image. The higher the alpha
value (up to 100), the greater the degree to which the pixels of
the activation map cover the anatomical image. If the alpha
value is 0, only the anatomy is visible.
K.4
Set the required value in the Alpha Blend Factor group box of
the Functional Visual Properties dialog box.
K.4
Enter the new value in the enter box.
Or
K.4
Drag the slider to the required setting with the mouse.

The image views are updated accordingly.
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Changing the cluster size
K.4
Setting the cluster size is intended to suppress voxels accidentally contained in the activation map. For example, if you enter
a cluster size of 3, all activity clusters will appear whose volume
is smaller than 3 voxels.
K.4
The cluster size is set in the Filter group box of the Functional
Visual Properties dialog box.
K.4
Select the Clustering check box to apply the cluster size setting to the display of the activity data.
Enter the required cluster size in the Cluster Size enter box.
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Neuro 3D
Changing the anatomical threshold
K.4
You can use the anatomical threshold in the Functional Visual

Properties dialog box to exclude low-intensity anatomical pixels from the evaluation. For all anatomical pixels with an intensity below the threshold, the field map is masked automatically.
You can also define that the activation map will be masked. K.4
Enter the new anatomical threshold in the enter box.
Or
K.4
Drag the left handle of the slider to the required setting with
the mouse.
It is not possible to change the upper limit.
Select the Activation Map check box to mask activity data
outside the displayed anatomy.
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CHAPTER
K.5
Neuro 3D Evaluation
Neuro 3D provides two evaluation modes:
K.5
K.5
Analysis mode is used for evaluating a completed examination. In this case, the function information is loaded from the
database.
Page K.23, Loading functional information
Online mode is used on the main console to receive and
evaluate functional information from a current examination.
In both modes, you select regions of interest in the brain by
drawing VOIs (volumes of interest) in the images. The signal
intensity within the VOIs is shown by the signal-time curve in the
plot segment.
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Neuro 3D Evaluation
Neuro 3D
Evaluating examinations in the

analysis mode
K.5
To evaluate a completed examination, switch to analysis mode

after loading and preparing the images.
K.5
Click the Analysis button in the control area.
Or
K.5
Select the Analysis Mode option in the Analysis menu.

The VOI mode is activated together with the analysis mode.
This enables you to select regions of interest in the brain. The
plot segment with the signal-time curve is displayed instead of
the lower left image segment.
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Neuro 3D Evaluation
Selecting regions of the brain
K.5
Regions of the brain are selected by drawing up to ten VOIs

(volumes of interest) in the image segments. You can access
the individual VOIs and change their properties via the VOI list
in the VOI Properties dialog box. The signal-time curve is calculated from the BOLD data for each VOI and displayed in the
plot segment.
K.5
Select the VOI option in the Modes menu.
The VOI mode is activated.
K.5
The VOI mode is automatically activated when switching to

the analysis mode. You cannot rotate the volume image in
VOI mode.
Drawing a VOI contour
K.5
Set a suitable view of the required region of the brain in one

of the image segments.
Click next to the region of interest and drag open a circle
around the region holding the mouse button pressed.
When you release the mouse button, the VOI is put in the VOI
list.
K.5
Draw VOI contours around additional relevant regions of
activity (up to ten) in the same way.
Each VOI is defined by its number and color.
K.5
The plot segment shows the signal intensity of the VOIs as a

function of time.
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Neuro 3D Evaluation
Editing a VOI contour
Neuro 3D
K.5
You can resize the VOI at the four contour points shown in the
image.
K.5
Move the mouse pointer to the required position.
Drag the mouse point inward holding the mouse button down
to reduce the contour.
Or
K.5
Drag the mouse pointer outward holding the mouse button

down to enlarge the contour.
How to move a VOI
K.5
Move the mouse pointer onto the VOI contour between the
resizing points.
Press the mouse button and move the mouse in the required
direction.
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Neuro 3D Evaluation
K.5
Displaying VOIs
K.5
Depending on how the image plane intersects the VOI sphere,

the contour may be shown as a continuous or dashed line. K.5
A continuous line indicates that the currently set image plane
runs through the center of the VOI. The VOI contour maps the
actual diameter of the VOI.
K.5
A dashed line indicates that the currently set image plane does
not run through the center of the VOI. The actual diameter of the
VOI is larger then the diameter of the visible contour.
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Neuro 3D Evaluation
Organizing VOI
Neuro 3D
K.5
The VOI Properties dialog box informs you about the VOIs
already created and provides functions for manipulating VOIs.K.5
Select Analysis > VOI Properties.
The VOI Properties dialog box opens.
K.5
Mark the VOI to be edited in the list.

Click Goto to center the image planes of the orthogonal
MPRs in the VOI.
Or
K.5
Double-click the VOI.

The VOI is now shown with its true diameter in the images. For
how to change the position and size of a VOI subsequently, see
Page K.54, Editing a VOI contour.
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Neuro 3D Evaluation
To evaluate just the visible activation map in the VOI and not
the entire sphere, activate the Shrink VOI to Activation
check box.
In that case, the functional information that you hid using the
settings in the Functional Visual Properties dialog box is
not taken into account either .
Chapter K.4, Displaying Functional Information
Deleting VOIs
K.5
You can delete VOIs you no longer need from the list and therefore also from the images to keep the list uncluttered.
K.5
To delete a single VOI, select the VOI in the list and click
Delete.
To delete all VOIs, click Delete All.
Or
K.5
Select Analysis > Delete All VOIs.

K.5
N OT E
All VOIs are automatically deleted when you terminate
analysis mode. A warning message is then displayed.
K.5
If you just end VOI mode, the VOIs you have created are
retained.
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Neuro 3D Evaluation
Neuro 3D
Monitoring examinations in the

online mode
K.5
The main console provides online mode that allows you to

receive the activation data of the loaded anatomy from an
examination in progress. You can monitor the progression of
signal intensity over time in the image segments and in the
graphic segment.
K.5
Load the anatomical data set and set the image views to
meet your requirements.
Chapter K.3, Changing the Anatomical Display
Starting online mode
K.5
Click the Start button in the control area.

Or
K.5
Select Online > Start.

Online mode is started.
K.5
Neuro 3D now receives all signals recorded by the Exam task

card. It is not possible to load other data (e. g. images from the
database) in the online mode.
K.5
If functional information is loaded from the database, it will be
unloaded when you start the online mode. You have to confirm unloading in a message box first.
The VRT volume image is automatically hidden to optimize the
response time. You can observe the examination via the floating
MPRs shown in the volume segment. The function for changing
the image views is still available.
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Stopping online mode
Neuro 3D Evaluation
K.5
You can interrupt image updating.
K.5
Click the Pause button in the control area.

Or
K.5
Select menu item Online > Pause.

During the pause, signals from the Exam task card are still
received and processed and graphical evaluation is still shown
in the plot segment. However, the views in the image segments
are not updated.
K.5
To display the updated data again, end the pause.
K.5
Unclick the Pause button in the control area.

Or
K.5
Select menu item Online > Continue.
Optimizing display
K.5
Drawing VOIs
K.5
Change display of the activity data in the combined images

as necessary.
Page K.45, Setting colors, thresholds, and the alpha
value
Draw VOI contours in the image segments to select brain
regions for evaluation in the plot segment.
Page K.53, Selecting regions of the brain
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Neuro 3D Evaluation
Exiting online mode
Neuro 3D
K.5
Click the Stop button.

Or
K.5
Select Online > Stop.

Receipt of data from the Exam task card is stopped. The loaded
K.5
information is still displayed for evaluation.
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
K.6
Saving and Filming

Images
K.6
You can save the views of the image segments and the plot segments in the database at any time. You can decide whether to
append the image to be saved to an existing series or to save it
in a new series.
K.6
The export function available allows you to save the views in
BMP image files. You may reuse the image files using any multimedia player.
K.6
To film (copy) images, transfer them to the Filming task card
where you may send images to the camera or printer.
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Saving and Filming Images
Neuro 3D
Saving images
K.6
If you want to check the save settings and change them select
the Save As dialog box. Otherwise, use the Save button to save
the selected image or diagram with the settings last made.
K.6
Saving with new settings
K.6
Select the segment you want to save.

Click the Save as button in the lower control area.
Or
K.6
Select Patient > Save As....

The Save As dialog box will open.
K.6
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Use the Save all images in one series and Group all images
by type option buttons to set whether all images will be stored
in a single new series or in separate series for each display
mode.
K.6
The names of new series are entered in the associated combo
boxes.
Page H.123, Defining setting when saving
K.6
Select the required save option and series name.

Click OK.
The view is saved with the settings selected.
K.6
Saving with given

settings
K.6
Click the Save button in the lower control area.

Or
K.6
Select Patient > Save.

The image or diagram is saved to the same series as in the last
K.6
save operation.
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Neuro 3D
Exporting images to the file

system
K.6
If you want to load a view from the Neuro 3D task card into
other applications, such as a text processing, network conferencing, or presentation program, export it as a BMP image file
first.
K.6
K.6
N OT E
If the security system is activated, the image export function
is only available to users with export privilege.
K.6
K.6
Select the segment you want to save as a BMP file.

Right-click the Save As button.
Or
K.6
Select Patient > Save As Bitmap.

The Save As Bitmap dialog box opens. The BMP file format
K.6
and filename are preset.
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Activate the Export without image text check box if you do

not want to export the image texts.
Click OK.
The image is exported into the specified bitmap file, where you
can use it as required.
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Neuro 3D
Filming images
K.6
You can transfer the sectional views, the diagram in the plot
segment, or the volume image to the virtual film sheet or to a
printer at any time.
K.6
Select the segment view you want to transfer to the film
sheet.
Select Patient > Copy to Film Sheet or click the button.
Or
K.6

Depending on the film layout selected, the view is transferred
directly to the camera or to the printer. As an alternative, it may
remain on the Filming task card for processing until you manually send the images to the camera or printer.
K.6
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Operator Manual
PART
Postprocessing
Images
L.0
L.1 Dynamic Analysis

Overview for evaluation .................................................. L.13
Selecting images and starting dynamic analysis ............ L.14
Selecting the images from the Patient Browser .......... L.14
Selecting images on the Viewing task card ................ L.14
Starting dynamic analysis ........................................... L.15
Checking whether images are suitable ....................... L.16
General procedure for dynamic analysis ...................... L.110
Displaying and selecting initial images ..................... L.110
Setting the mode ...................................................... L.114
Generating preview images ...................................... L.117
Limiting the display area ........................................... L.119
Renaming a results series ........................................ L.124
Displaying result images ........................................... L.125
Functions for dynamic analysis ..................................... L.126
Adding images .......................................................... L.126
Subtracting images ................................................... L.129
Multiplication ............................................................. L.134
Division ..................................................................... L.137
Calculating the logarithm of grayscale values .......... L.142
Differentiation ........................................................... L.144
Integration of grayscale values ................................. L.147
Arithmetic mean ........................................................ L.150
Slope of linear regression ......................................... L.152
Determining the diffusion coefficient ......................... L.155
T-test evaluation ....................................................... L.158
Standard deviation .................................................... L.164
Calculating T1 images .............................................. L.167
Calculating T2 images .............................................. L.170
Time-to-peak evaluation ........................................... L.173
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Contents
Tracing the progress of evaluation ............................... L.177

Pausing evaluation ................................................... L.181
Stopping and deleting Evaluation............................. L.182
L.2 Evaluating Images with Mean Curve

Starting Mean Curve ...................................................... L.24
Loading images .............................................................. L.26
Loading images into the first segment ....................... L.27
Loading images into the third and
fourth segment ......................................................... L.211
Defining sorting ............................................................ L.213
Searching for an original image for evaluation ............. L.220
Modifying image display ........................................... L.221
Scrolling within a series............................................ L.222
Scrolling across series ............................................. L.223
Searching for an original image by
scrolling through the fourth segment ........................ L.225
Drawing in ROIs (regions of interest) ........................... L.228
Drawing ROIs in the first segment ........................... L.228
Static or dynamic transfer of the ROIs
to other images ........................................................ L.230
Drawing ROIs in the third segment .......................... L.232
Setting and starting the evaluation ............................... L.236
Changing the display of the results .............................. L.243
Storing, filming and deleting results ............................. L.253
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Operator Manual
Contents
L.3 Image filtration and distortion correction

Editing images with the ContextVision filter .................... L.32
Selecting images ........................................................ L.32
Setting the filter strength ............................................. L.34
Renaming a results series .......................................... L.38
Starting filtering ........................................................... L.39
Monitoring filtering .................................................... L.310
Displaying the results ............................................... L.310
Correcting distortion artifacts ........................................ L.311
Selecting images and starting calculation ................ L.313
Results ...................................................................... L.314
L.4 Viewing and Evaluating BOLD Images

The BOLD task card ....................................................... L.43
Loading images ............................................................... L.44
Initially loading series ................................................. L.46
Loading additional series ............................................ L.48
Loading mosaic images ............................................ L.410
Automatic calculation of the alpha images .................... L.411
Scrolling images and series .......................................... L.413
Scrolling between images ......................................... L.413
Scrolling from series to series .................................. L.415
Processing images........................................................ L.416
Windowing anatomical images ................................. L.416
Deactivating interpolation in parameter images ....... L.417
Editing a color scale ................................................. L.418
Changing the anatomical threshold .......................... L.423
Activating/Deactivating blocking areas ..................... L.424
Changing the alpha value ......................................... L.426
Changing the cluster size ......................................... L.427
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Saving images .............................................................. L.428

Saving all alpha images ........................................... L.428
Saving single parameter images or
alpha images ............................................................ L.432
Retroactively calculating parameter images ................. L.434
Preparing for postprocessing ................................... L.434
Starting the postprocessing...................................... L.438
Tracking postprocessing .......................................... L.439
Editing a postprocessing protocol ............................ L.440
Closing BOLD ............................................................... L.443
L.5 Evaluating Perfusion-Weighted Images

The Perf MR task card ................................................... L.52
Loading images .............................................................. L.54
Loading images for evaluation ................................... L.55
Loading images for viewing........................................ L.57
Viewing images .............................................................. L.58
Automatic sorting of images ....................................... L.58
Scrolling images and series ..................................... L.510
Optimizing image display ......................................... L.512
Calculating parameter images ...................................... L.513
Selecting a post-processing protocol ....................... L.513
Calculating mean AIF ............................................... L.514
Setting the time range .............................................. L.519
Starting calculation ................................................... L.521
Changing the color display ....................................... L.524
Storing and filming results ............................................ L.526
Editing a post-processing protocol ............................... L.530
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L.6 Soft Tissue Evaluation MR

Introduction ..................................................................... L.62
Calling up the evaluation dialog box ............................... L.64
Opening the Patient Browser ...................................... L.64
Selecting data ............................................................. L.65
Opening the dialog box ............................................... L.65
Layout of subtask cards .................................................. L.68
Calculating parameter images ...................................... L.610
Selecting anatomical series ...................................... L.611
Selecting postprocessing protocol ............................ L.613
Editing protocol parameters (optional) ...................... L.614
Saving protocol data (optional) ................................. L.617
Deleting customer protocol (optional) ....................... L.621
Performing a calculation ........................................... L.622
Calculating combined images ....................................... L.624
Selecting a parameter image series ......................... L.625
Selecting a combined protocol ................................. L.627
Editing protocol parameters (optional) ...................... L.628
Saving protocol data (optional) ................................. L.631
Deleting customer protocol (optional) ....................... L.633
Performing a calculation ........................................... L.634
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CHAPTER
L.1
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
Dynamic analysis is used to calculate new evaluations obtained

by combining images and series.
L.1
You may use a variety of evaluation functions to postprocess
images and series that you have obtained, for example, from
contrast medium examinations or functional neuro imaging. L.1
For example, you can enhance contrasts by applying arithmetic
or statistical functions to the grayscale values. This function is
also used to calculate T1 and T2 images.
L.1
Dynamic analysis is launched from the Patient Browser. You
can also start some of its applications from the Viewing task
card.
L.1
A separate dialog box is displayed for each function used to perform evaluation. The procedure for each operation in dynamic
analysis is the same. We will begin by describing a few general
steps before going into specific aspects of each analysis.
L.1
The results images are stored in the database in the usual way.
You can load and view them in the Viewing task card.
L.1
The results obtained from dynamic analysis can be used as
input for other evaluations, such as Mean Curve.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Access rights for dynamic

analysis
L.1
Dynamic analysis requires that the user have full access rights
to the patient data to be evaluated.
L.1
Please observe the information given in the Safety Standards
chapters,
Page B.11, Introduction
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Overview for evaluation
L.1
The following functions are available for analysis of dynamic

processes and for postprocessing of images:
L.1
ADC - diffusion coefficient

Addition
Slope
Arithmetic mean
ContextVision filter
Page L.31, Image filtration and distortion correction
Differentiation
Division
Integration
Logarithm
Multiplication
Standard deviation
Subtraction
T1-weighted images
T2-weighted images
T-test
Time to peak
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Dynamic Analysis
Selecting images and starting

dynamic analysis
L.1
Select the images/series that are of interest to you in the

Patient Browser or on the Viewing task card.
L.1
Without selecting an image first, it is not possible to start the
dynamic analysis function.
Selecting the images from the Patient

Browser
L.1
The Patient Browser allows you to view and process the

images and data of all examinations stored in the main database or in an archive.
L.1
Select images/series in the navigation or content area.
Selecting images on the Viewing task card
L.1
The Viewing task card is used to view and edit images and
series.
L.1
Go to the Viewing task card.
Select the images or series that are relevant to you in the
image area of the Viewing task card.
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Dynamic Analysis
Starting dynamic analysis
L.1
The functions for dynamic analysis are started from the Patient
Browser and the Viewing task card.
L.1
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > ... from the
Patient Browser menu or from the menu of the Viewing
task card.
Or
L.1
Click the relevant icon of the Evaluation subtask card on the

Viewing task card.
Image
Loading Images
L.1
The selected images are loaded in the relevant dialog box. It

may take several seconds to load the images. A Progress indicator on the footer bar shows the current process of the process.
L.1
The evaluations are performed similarly to mathematical
functions. The series selected first is the first operand of the
function, all the series selected after that are the other operands. For some functions, such as division, the result is different depending on the sequence of the operands (= sequence
of the series). These are non-commutative functions.
To cancel an operation before it has finished, click the Cancel button.
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Dynamic Analysis
Checking whether images are suitable
L.1
Not all images are suitable for dynamic analysis.
L.1
Images must fulfill the following conditions to be suitable:
L.1
They must belong to the same study (and therefore to the

same patient).
They must have the same FoV.
They must have a corresponding matrix size.
They must have the same slice orientation.
Some evaluation functions require that other conditions be met
as well, for example, the same slice position or slice thickness.L.1
A message box is displayed if images do not fulfill one or more
of these conditions.
L.1
For functions in which different image positions or slice thicknesses occur, the Evaluation Check dialog box will be displayed.
L.1
The list shows all images with different image positions or slice
positions.
L.1
If more than one series is selected, the images are listed
together by their image number.
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Dynamic Analysis
The dialog box appears in two variations for different calculations. Each variation behaves differently.
L.1
Condition A: Calculation does not necessarily require
images with the same image position, slice thickness, etc.
Condition B: Calculation always requires images with the
same image position, slice thickness, etc.
Here are examples of conditions A and B with the same image
position.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Condition A
L.1
Calculation does not necessarily require images with the same

image position or slice thickness, etc. Example: Image positionL.1
Click the OK button if you want to start the evaluation.

Or
L.1
Click the Cancel button if you do not want to start evaluation

and want to close the function dialog box.
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Operator Manual
Condition B
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
Calculation always requires images with the same image position or slice thickness, etc. Example: Image position
L.1
Click the OK button if you want to return to the function dialog

box.
Or
L.1
Click the Cancel button if you do not want to start evaluation

and want to close the function dialog box.
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Dynamic Analysis
General procedure for dynamic

analysis
L.1
After you have transferred the selected images and series and
have called up an evaluation function, a function-specific dialog
box will be displayed.
L.1
Displaying and selecting initial images
L.1
The selected images and series are listed numerically in the list
of operands in the upper part of the dialog box.
L.1
The images/series are listed in chronological order of creation when loaded into the evaluation functions Subtraction
or Division.
L.1
Series description
Images to be evaluated
Image increment
1. operand
2. operand
The Image Range column shows the images marked for evaluation.
L.1
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If you have not transferred all the images of a series, but only
every third or fourth one, for example, a display as shown below
will indicate the actual images forwarded. It is also possible for
you to select and transfer a range of images within a series. L.1
L.1
Image range
Selected images
3
2-5
4-< images. last image >
2, 5, 8
Image 3
Images 2, 3, 4, 5
image 4 to the end
images 2, 5, 8
L.1
Removing series
L.1
You can remove series from the list of operands
L.1
Select the series in the Operands field.

Right-click the series to open the Deletion of Series context
menu.
Or
L.1
Press the Del key.
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Dynamic Analysis
Adding/removing images
L.1
You can set image intervals if, for example, you only want to use
part of a series for evaluation.
L.1
Because direct editing of entries under Image Range is not
possible, you must set the image intervals like this instead: L.1
First select only some of the images in the Patient Browser
or on the Viewing task card and start evaluation.
The dialog box shows you the selected images under Operands.
L.1
Select the next images in the Patient Browser and drag and
drop them into the dialog box of the evaluation function.
The entries under Image Range are updated. The series with
the appended images from the Patient Browser moves to the
top of the list of operands.
L.1
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Entering an increment
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
You can also set image intervals by entering an increment.
L.1
First select the series in the Operands field.

Double-click the selected series in the Increment column.
A spin box is displayed for entering values.
L.1
Enter an increment.
Or
L.1
Use the spin buttons to select the value.

Complete your entry by clicking outside the spin box.
Confirm your entry by pressing the Enter key. The calculation
is started.
Example:
You want to run a dynamic analysis on every third image in
series 6 2_t2_tse_tra. Enter the value 3 in the Increment column.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Setting the mode
L.1
Some functions allow you to perform evaluation not only within

a series but also across two or more series.
L.1
Evaluating images within

series
L.1
If you evaluate images within series, only the images of the initial series will be used as operands for an evaluation function.
In this editing mode, you can generate a series with one or more
images from an initial series.
L.1
A1
A2
C1
A3
Result series
A4
Original series
If you have only selected one original series, either within

series or constant mode will be activated, depending on the
selected function.
L.1
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Evaluating images across

series
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
You can evaluate images from different series. In this case, you
are generating result series from the individual images of the
original series by combining the ith image of each series with
the ith images of the other series.
L.1
The images in the series are sorted by slice position. If the slice
position is the same in several images, they are sorted by image
number.
L.1
If you have selected more than one original series, across

series mode will be activated automatically for images with
the same slice position.
A1
B1
C1
E1
A2
B2
C2
E2
A3
B3
C3
E3
A4
B4
C4
E4
The result series will contain the same number of images as the
smallest initial series.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Applying the constants to

images
L.1
You can apply an operation with a fixed value to the images of

a series by multiplying the images by a constant defined by you.L.1
Select the constant option.
Enter a value for the constant in the input field.
You can also edit the entry in this input field via the context
menu. To open the context menu, right-click the field.
The operation with the constant is applied to each image in the
series.
L.1
L.1
Depending on which mode is selected, the title bar of the dialog

box will show which operation is being performed.
L.1
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Generating preview images
L.1
You can generate preview images for most evaluation functions.

These test images are used to decide whether to perform evaluation with these settings for the whole series.
L.1
Display in the test area
L.1
The test area shows a test image with the associated histogram.
L.1
(1) Test image
(2) Histogram of the test image
(1)
(2)
You can window the test images to optimize display.
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Dynamic Analysis
Selecting test images
L.1
The Test Image selection list shows all possible test combinations of images.
L.1
Select a test combination from the selection list.

The image numbers will be separated by vertical lines if two or
more images are used for a test evaluation.
L.1
To cancel an operation before it has finished, click the Cancel

button.
L.1
Changing the test image
L.1
The test image and histogram do not meet your requirements,

you can select another image from the Test Image selection
list.
L.1
Select another test image from the Test Image list.
Click the Test button to display the new image in the image
area with the histogram.
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Dynamic Analysis
Limiting the display area
L.1
You can limit the range displayed in the histogram to the relevant part by defining a lower and an upper threshold value. Only
the grayscale values that are within the threshold values will be
used for evaluation.
L.1
Right-click the histogram window and left-click the only menu

item Properties....
Or
L.1
For the Subtraction and Division functions, click the Scaling button.
The Scaling dialog box is displayed.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Limiting grayscale ranges
L.1
For scaling, select the range of the calculation result data that
is mapped onto the grayscale range (0-4095) or onto the range
stated on the lower x-axis.
L.1
Go to the x-Axis subtask card by clicking its tab.
Enter the lower threshold in Minimum spin box.

Enter the upper threshold in Maximum spin box.
Offset and factor are in a linear relationship with minimum
and maximum.
For example, if you have select the value 100 for the offset, minimum and maximum will have the following values:
L.1
=>Minimum = -100
L.1
=>Maximum = 3995
L.1
Click the Test button again.
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The interval that you define (upper X axis) is then mapped onto
the grayscale range of the lower X axis (usually 0 to 4095). L.1
(1)
(2)
(1) Grayscale range defined by scaling

(2) Grayscale range displayed in the result image
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Dynamic Analysis
Limiting the number of

pixels
L.1
Now move the y-Axis subtask card to the foreground by

clicking on the tab.
Enter the lower threshold for the number of pixels in Minimum spin box.
Enter the upper threshold for the number of pixels in Maximum spin box.
L.1
NOTE
Changes to the scaling of the histogram's y axis only affect
the histogram being displayed, not the results images. L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
When the scaled image meets your requirements, apply the

settings by clicking on OK.
Or
L.1
Restore the original settings by clicking Reset.

Or
L.1
Reject the settings by clicking Cancel.
Setting a noise level
L.1
You can set a noise level for some functions. This threshold
value determines the pixels used for evaluation.
L.1
Enter a value in the Noise Level input field.
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Dynamic Analysis
Renaming a results series
L.1
A result series is generated for each original image or series. L.1

Name of the result
series or image
L.1
The Result Series Description text input field contains an

automatically generated name. However, you are able to modify
the name as required.
L.1
As the default setting, a name is displayed as follows:
L.1
First part of the description is the function that was used,

e.g., ADD.
The different parts are separated by an underscore.
The operands are identified with "S" for series, "I" for image,
and "C" for constant.
This is usually followed by the series number, image number,
or the value of the constant.
If you are using more than two series or images, the word
"various" will be used instead of a series or image number.
Example: You can add the grayscale values of image 34 to
image number 45.
That gives you the following default description:
ADD_I34_I45_10.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
If the name of the result series meets your requirements, you

can record the name in the Result Series Description field.
L.1
Selecting a result
series or image
L.1
At times when you select more than one series (e.g. Logarithm, Multiplication, Subtraction, and Division), you can
then use the selection list next to the Result series description input field to select series, check names, or change them,
if necessary.
L.1
L.1
Displaying result images
L.1
The results are stored in the database under the name you
entered. When you have completed analysis, the results are
displayed on the Viewing task card in the background. Here,
you can further process the images.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Functions for dynamic analysis
L.1
This section describes the specific aspects of each function that

differ from general procedures applicable to all functions.
L.1
Adding images
L.1
Image addition is used to add the grayscale values of images or

add a constant.
L.1
Adding the grayscale values of images is equivalent to image
overlay. For example, you can overlay an image with the result
image of a T-Test evaluation with exceptional anatomical
details.
L.1
Adding a constant shifts the entire grayscale range.
L.1
You can add:
L.1
Images from a series with a constant

Images within a series
A series and one or more series with the same number of
images
Select individual images and/or series in the Patient
Browser or on the Viewing task card.
Then select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > Add....
Or
L.1
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Click the Add icon on the Viewing task card/Evaluation

subtask card.
The Addition dialog box opens.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Operands shows which images or series are selected.

L.1
Mode
L.1
One of the following modes is already selected depending on

whether you have loaded one or more series to the Addition
dialog box:
L.1
with constant (image, images, series)
across series (two or more series)
within one series (a series with two or more images)
Select the mode.
It is not possible to activate across series mode if the series
selected do not contain the same number of images or if only
one series or image is selected.
You cannot select within series mode if one series selected
contains one image or more than one series is selected.
Starting evaluation
L.1
L.1
If you do not want to use a generated name for the Result

series, enter a name for the results series now.
Click OK to start calculation.
The result will be an image (within series) or a series of images
(across series).
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Subtracting images
L.1
During subtraction, you subtract the grayscale values of images

from other images or subtract a constant from images.
L.1
For example, you could use image subtraction to clearly visualize an image after contrast agent application. For this purpose,
you subtract the grayscale values of images generated without
contrast medium from those generated with contrast medium.
The results are images showing only the changes caused by
the contrast agent.
L.1
You can subtract:
Selecting images
L.1
L.1
Constants from images/series

Images/series from constants
Series from series
Image from image
Image from series
Select single images/series in the Patient Browser or on the

Viewing task card.
L.1
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > Subtract....
Or
L.1
Click the Subtract button on the Viewing task card/

Evaluation subtask card.
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Dynamic Analysis
The Subtraction dialog box opens.
L.1
L.1
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Operator Manual
Mode
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
The constant (one series) or across series (multiple series)

option is already selected, depending on whether you have
loaded one or more series into the Subtraction dialog window.L.1
If you have selected two images only (two series of one image
each or one series with two images), you can only subtract
one image from the other or a constant from both images.
If you have selected two series with the same number of
images, you can subtract one image from the corresponding
image in the other series or a constant from the images of
both series.
If you have selected two or more series, including one or
more with only one image, you can subtract this image from
all other images.
Subtraction across series
L.1
If you have already selected two or more series, across series

will be selected automatically.
L.1
The subtrahend is shown in a separate field below the list of
operands.
L.1
The series acquired earlier is used as the subtrahend default.L.1
The display field for the subtrahend is not active if the constant or within series mode is selected.
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Dynamic Analysis
Subtraction within a seriesL.1
It is only possible to select the within a series option if you have

selected a series with only two images.
L.1
Changing the sequence
L.1
You can change the order of the operands, for example, to subtract image 5 from image 4 instead of image 4 from image 5. L.1
Click the Exchange button.
Title bar now shows the new operation.
L.1
Example: You have loaded 10 series. To replace the subtrahend shown in the field under the list of operands, select the
series you want to use as the subtrahend from the list of operands and click the Exchange button.
Switching modes
L.1
Switching from the constant mode to across series mode will

apply the series selected in the field below. It will then be used
as the subtrahend if the operation is permissible.
L.1
If the selected series is unsuitable, the first series that is suitable for the across series option will be selected automatically
from the list of operands.
L.1
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Scaling grayscales
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
You can scale the grayscale values of the result with the
selected values.
L.1
Click the Scaling button and enter values for the minimum
and maximum.
Rescaling images
L.1
Negative pixel values can result from subtracting images/

series. Some evaluations, such as mean curve, require the real
pixel values as input even if they are negative.
L.1
Activate the Auto Scale option in the function dialog box.
The grayscale range will now start with the value -500.
If you have made any settings in the Scaling dialog box, a
dialog box will be displayed where you can confirm the settings with OK or reject them with Cancel.
You can deselect autoscaling by deselecting the Auto Scale
option or opening the Scaling dialog box.
Starting evaluation
L.1
L.1

The result is an image (within series) or a series of images
L.1
(across series).
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Dynamic Analysis
Multiplication
L.1
Multiplying the grayscale values by a constant rescales the

grayscale values.
L.1
You can multiply:
L.1
Images by a constant
A series by a constant
Two or more series by a constant
Selecting images
L.1

Viewing task card.
L.1
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > Multiply....
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Dynamic Analysis
The Multiplication dialog box opens.
L.1

L.1
Mode
L.1
Enter a value for the constant.
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Dynamic Analysis
Performing grayscale
scaling
L.1
Because this function does not generate a test image, it provides two options for scaling the result images.
L.1
Click the automatic option under Scaling if you want the
grayscale values to be scaled automatically.
Or
L.1
Click the none option if you want all grayscale values larger
than 4095 to be set to this value and the scaling of the result
images to correspond to that of the original images.
Start evaluation
L.1

Series Description, enter a name for the results series now.
Start multiplication by clicking the OK button.
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Dynamic Analysis
Division
You can divide:
Selecting images
L.1
L.1
L.1
A series/images by a constant
A series by a second series
A series by an image
An image by a second image

Viewing task card.
L.1
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > Divide....
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Dynamic Analysis
The Division dialog box opens.
L.1
L.1
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Mode
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
The constant (one series) or across series (multiple series)

option is already selected, depending on whether you have
loaded one or more series into the Division dialog window.
L.1
If you have selected two images, you can divide one image by
the other or both images by a constant.
If you have selected two series with the same number of
images, you can divide the images of one series by the
images of the other series, or divide the images of both series
by a constant.
If you have selected two or more series, including one or
more with only one image, you can divide all other images by
this image.
Division across series
L.1
If you have already selected two or more series, across series

will be selected automatically.
L.1
The divisor is shown in a separate field below the list of operands.
L.1
The series acquired earlier is used as the default divisor.
L.1
The display field for the divisor is not active if the constant or
within series mode is selected.
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Dynamic Analysis
Division within a series
L.1
It is only possible to select the within a series option if you have

selected a series with only two images.
L.1
L.1
You can change the order of the operands, that is, swap round
the numerator and denominator of the division.
L.1
Click the Exchange button.
Title bar now shows the new operation.
L.1
Switching modes
L.1
Switching from constant mode to across series mode will

apply the series selected in the field below. It will then be used
as the divisor if the operation is permissible.
L.1
If the selected series is unsuitable, the first series that is suitable for the across series option will automatically be
selected as the divisor from the list of operands.
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Scaling grayscales
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
You can scale the grayscale values of the result with the
selected values.
L.1
Click the Scaling button and enter values for the minimum
and maximum.
Starting division
L.1
L.1

The result is an image or a series of images.
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Dynamic Analysis
Calculating the logarithm of grayscale values
L.1
Calculating the logarithm of the grayscale values eliminates

large differences in intensity in MR images. Large intensity gradients are common in MR images of the shoulder and the lung,
for example.
L.1
Selecting images
L.1
Select single images/series in the Patient Browser or on

Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > Logarithm....
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
The Logarithm dialog box opens.
L.1

L.1
Start evaluation
L.1
L.1

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Dynamic Analysis
Differentiation
L.1
Differentiation determines the intensity increase (slope) of grayscale values within a series. For example, it is possible to differentiate inflamed tissue from tumor tissue in mammography by
the different enrichment behavior of the contrast agent in the tissue.
L.1
You can only ever differentiate one series.
All images of this series must have the same slice position.
Selecting images
L.1
Select a series in the Patient Browser or on the Viewing task

card.
L.1
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > Differentiate....
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
The Differentiation dialog box opens.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Starting differentiation
L.1
L.1
Enter a name for the result series in the Result Series

Description field if you do not want to use the default name.
The result will be a series that contains one image less than the
original series.
L.1
The intensity of the grayscales in the images is a direct measure of the differentiation, that is, the tendency of the increase
or decrease in grayscale intensity.
L.1
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
Integration of grayscale values
L.1
Integration of the grayscale values of a series provides information on enhancement when using contrast agent studies.
L.1
You can only integrate across images of one series.
These images must have been scanned at the same slice
position.
Selecting images
L.1
Select a series in the Patient Browser or on the Viewing task

card.
L.1
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > Integrate....
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Dynamic Analysis
The Integration dialog box opens.
L.1
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Operator Manual
Starting integration
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
L.1

The result will be a series that contains one image less than the
original series.
L.1
The intensity of the grayscales in the images corresponds to the
integrals of the grayscales.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Arithmetic mean
L.1
Calculating the mean value of the grayscales averages large

intensity differences in the images. For parallel images with different slice positions this method is equivalent to an MPR Thick
display. With a chronological sequence of images, averaging
the images improves the signal-to-noise ratio or reduces image
artifacts.
L.1
It is possible to calculate the arithmetic mean of the grayscale
values within or across series.
L.1
All images must have the same slice position.

Selecting images
L.1
Select a series in the Patient Browser or on the Viewing

task card.
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > Arithmetic
Mean....
Or
L.1
Click the Arithmetic Mean icon on the Viewing task card/

Evaluation subtask card.
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
The Arithmetic Mean dialog box opens.
Mode
L.1
L.1
The within series (one series) or across series (multiple

series) option is already selected, depending on whether you
have loaded one or more series into the Arithmetic Mean dialog box.
L.1
Starting evaluation
L.1
L.1

(across series).
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Slope of linear regression
L.1
The slope of linear regression describes the rate at which the

intensity of the grayscale values increases or decreases within
a series. As in the case of differentiation, the different absorption rates of contrast agent in tissue are able to be visualized.L.1
You can obtain the slope of linear regression within series or
across series that have the same number of images.
L.1
Series must contain at least two images. Otherwise evaluation will not be possible.
Selecting images
L.1

task card.
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > Slope....
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
The Slope dialog box opens.
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Dynamic Analysis
Mode
L.1
The evaluation within series (one series) or evaluation

across series (multiple series) option is already selected,
depending on whether you have loaded one or more series into
the Slope dialog window.
L.1
Start evaluation
L.1
L.1


(across series). The intensity of the grayscales corresponds to
the gradient of the linear regression. The brighter the grayscale
value the greater the gradient.
L.1
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
Determining the diffusion coefficient
L.1
The diffusion coefficient is a measure of the mobility of water

molecules between different types of tissue. The water molecules are sensitized to diffusion measurement by strong gradient pulses. Before you can determine the diffusion coefficients,
you require measurements with various diffusion weightings (b
values).
L.1
You can determine diffusion coefficients for images within
series as well as across different series.
L.1
Selecting images
L.1

task card.
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > ADC.
Or
L.1
Click the Diffusion Coefficient icon on the Viewing task

card /Evaluation subtask card.
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Dynamic Analysis
The ADC dialog box opens.
L.1
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Operator Manual
Mode
Dynamic Analysis
L.1

have loaded one or more than one series into the ADC dialog
window.
L.1
Series have to contain at least two images before you can
perform evaluation within a series.
If you have selected within series, the images of the series
are grouped together to form groups with the same slice
position. An image with b value = 0 is assigned to all groups.
All images of a group must have a different b value (diffusion
weighting). A result image is calculated for each group.
If across series is selected, all slice positions are expected
to have the same b value in each series. A result image is
calculated for slice position. In this case, it is not possible to
take account into different diffusion directions.
Starting evaluation
L.1
L.1

The grayscale values correspond to the diffusion coefficient at
this point.
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Dynamic Analysis
T-test evaluation
L.1
This special method is used to evaluate examinations performed with functional neuro imaging. These examinations usually consist of a native series (no functional brain activity) and
stimulated series (functional brain activity). With the t-test, you
can sort the series according to stimulated and non-stimulated
series and generate differential images of the mean values. The
differential images display only the active areas of the brain.
L.1
Selecting images
L.1
Select a series in the Patient Browser.

You require the same number of stimulated as non-stimulated
series.
L.1
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > TTest....
Always start t-test evaluation from the Patient Browser and
not from the Viewing task card.
The TTest dialog box opens.
L.1
Wait until all the series are displayed under Group 1.
L.1
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Operator Manual
(1)
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
(2)
L.1
(3)
L.1
(1) Grouping series

(2) Generating a test image
(3) Naming a result series and starting calculation
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Dynamic Analysis
Grouping series
L.1
Grouping of series is explained using the following example of

a typical BOLD examination with block paradigms:
L.1
The paradigm consists of 10 stimulated and 10 non-stimulated
series. The procedure is repeated five times.
L.1
All series initially appear in the Group 1 list.
L.1
You can exclude any series from the evaluation that was
acquired at the beginning of the activity or during relaxation,
because they only show the time required to reach a steady
state (deoxygenation/oxygenation of blood).
L.1
Enter 2 in the top spin box to exclude the first two series from
evaluation.
You can also define how many series will remain in the groups
(Group 1 - Group 2).
L.1
Enter 8 in the bottom spin box.
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
The contents of the spin boxes are interdependent and

always add up to the number of series: 2 + 8 = 10
Select all series under Group 1.

Click the > button to group the series in Group 1 and Group
2.
After a few seconds the "act" series are moved to the Group 2
list, the "bas" series remain in the Group 1 list.
L.1
Check the series. Each of the lists should contain the same
number of stimulated and non-stimulated series.
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Dynamic Analysis
Performing the t-test
L.1
The result images show the difference between the mean values of the stimulated and non-stimulated series. The unit of
grayscales of these images results from the standard deviation
of these mean values. The resulting t-test values are compared
with a threshold value. The values below the threshold value
appear black in the image. The threshold value is set to 0 by
default.
L.1
Generating a test image
L.1
Click the Test button to reconstruct an image in the test area.

Check whether the test image meets your requirements.
If it does not, change the threshold value and generate a test
image again. The threshold value is expressed in pixels.
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Operator Manual
Starting evaluation
Dynamic Analysis
L.1

L.1
Click OK to reconstruct the entire series.

Because the t-test images only show the functionally active
areas of the brain, you can no longer view any anatomical
details.
L.1
Overlay these images with images that show the anatomy in
question, for example, ep2d.
Page L.126, Adding images
L.1
N OT E
If you superimpose t-test images on non-EPI images,
compare these images with the superimposed EPI images
for safety reasons. Image distortion may occur with EPI
scans.
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Dynamic Analysis
Standard deviation
L.1
The standard deviation describes the average deviation of the

values from the mean value. This function visualizes changes
in images.
The larger the standard deviation the greater the variance of the
grayscale values.
L.1
You can calculate the standard deviation within a series or
across series.
L.1
Selecting images
L.1

task card.
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > Standard Deviation....
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
The Standard Deviation dialog box opens.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Mode
L.1

have loaded one or more series into the Standard Deviation
dialog window.
L.1
Series must contain at least two images before you can perform evaluation within a series.
Starting evaluation
L.1
L.1

(across series). The grayscales of the images correspond to the
standard deviations.
L.1
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
Calculating T1 images
L.1
T1-weighted images are suitable for displaying anatomical

structures. The system provides you with two ways of calculating T1-weighted images:
L.1
For the inversion recovery method, you require two images
with different inversion times TI. However, the repetition time
TR and the echo time TE are the same.
For the saturation recovery method, you require two images
with a different repetition time TR yet with the same TE.
The result will be a T1 and a T2-weighted image.
L.1
Selecting images
L.1
Select two images in the Patient Browser or on the Viewing

task card.
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > T1....
Or
L.1
Click the T1 button on the Viewing task card /Evaluation

subtask card.
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Dynamic Analysis
The T1 dialog box opens.
L.1
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
L.1
First enter a noise level
L.1
Click the Test button to generate a test image.

Change the noise level, if necessary.
Starting evaluation
L.1
L.1

Click OK to reconstruct the images.
The result is two images.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Calculating T2 images
L.1
T2 images are suitable for showing pathological lesions in tissue.

L.1
To calculate T2-weighted images, you require images with the
same repetition time TR, however a different echo time TE generated with multi-echo sequences. These images must have
the same slice position. The multi-echo protocol is located
under head > add_on in the Exam Explorer.
L.1
The result will be a T2- and a T1-weighted image.
L.1
Selecting images
L.1
Select the images or the series in the Patient Browser or on

Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > T2....
Or
L.1
Click the T2 icon on the Viewing task card/Evaluation subtask card.
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
The T2 dialog box opens.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
L.1
Select a test image.

First enter a noise level.

Starting evaluation
L.1
L.1

The result is two images.
L.1
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
Time-to-peak evaluation
L.1
Time to peak evaluation shows the time up to maximum contrast agent enhancement.
L.1
You can either calculate a grayscale value minimum based on
T2 weighted EPI images or a grayscale value maximum based
on T1 weighted images.
L.1
Selecting images
L.1
Select the images or the series in the Patient Browser or on

Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > Time To Peak....
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Dynamic Analysis
The Time To Peak dialog box opens.
L.1
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Operator Manual
Mode
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
The within series (one series) or across series (several

have loaded one or more series into the Time To Peak dialog
box.
L.1
Selecting the evaluation

mode
L.1
Select whether you want to work on the basis of T1 or on the

basis of T2 weighted images (EPI).
L.1
Select a test image.

First enter a noise level.

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Dynamic Analysis
Starting evaluation
L.1
L.1

The result is an image (one slice position) or a series of images
(various slice positions). The gray-scale values on the images
correspond to the uptake times starting with the first image. L.1
The later tissue is enriched with contrast agent, the brighter it
appears in the image.
L.1
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
Tracing the progress of evaluation
L.1
If you are evaluating a large number of series or very large

series, you can trace the progress of evaluation, and pause,
resume, or cancel evaluation.
L.1
L.1
Click the icon for dynamic analysis on the status bar.
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Dynamic Analysis
The Calculation Status dialog box opens.
L.1
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1) Image area

(2) Status display of the evaluation jobs
(3) Progress indicator
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Operator Manual
Status display
Dynamic Analysis
L.1
The evaluation jobs can have the following processing statuses:

L.1
Active, the job is being processed

Paused, the job has been interrupted
Aborted, the job has been canceled
Waiting, the job is still waiting for evaluation
Jobs with the status "Aborted" have been terminated by the

system because of some calculation error.
Progress indicator
L.1
The progress indicator shows the progress of the evaluation in

progress. It does not show the status of the selected job in the
list.
L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
NOTE
If there is a change of operators in the status dialog during
evaluation and the new operator has no access to the data
of the image being calculated, the data will be hidden. L.1
The series name is replaced by the name of the user who
generated the image.
L.1
The new user can stop or resume evaluation but not delete
the job.
L.1
Starting the next job
L.1
Once a job has been processed, the images will be displayed

on the Viewing task card.
L.1
The next job with the "Waiting" status (top in the list) is started
automatically.
L.1
Closing the dialog box
L.1
To close the dialog box:
L.1
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Operator Manual
Dynamic Analysis
Pausing evaluation
L.1
You can pause evaluation at any time, for example, to view an

evaluated image and to check whether the evaluation meets
your requirements.
L.1
L.1
Click the Pause button to pause evaluation.

Calculation of the current image will be completed and the
image will be displayed in the image area.
L.1
The Resume button is activated, and the status of the evaluation set to "Paused".
L.1
If the list contains a job with the status "Waiting", it will be
started automatically.
L.1
Resuming evaluation
L.1
To resume evaluation:
L.1
Click the Resume button.

If you have activated a further job, this job will go into the queue.L.1
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Dynamic Analysis
Stopping and deleting Evaluation
L.1
You can stop evaluation from the joblist, for example, if you find
that the evaluation does not meet your requirements.
L.1
However, you cannot delete the active evaluation. You must
stop it first.
L.1
Select the active evaluation from the list.
Click the Pause button to pause evaluation.
Click the Delete button to delete the selected jobs from the
list.
Jobs with "Aborted", "Waiting", or "Paused" status can be
deleted directly.
The canceled job is then deleted from the job list.
L.1
The images already calculated are stored and may be displayed on the Viewing task card.
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
L.2
Evaluating Images with

Mean Curve
L.2
The Mean Curve task card allows for statistical evaluation of

signal changes as a function of time and place. This evaluation
is frequently performed for perfusion measurements, flow measurements, or angiography measurements.
L.2
Both acquired series and postprocessing result series, e.g.
MPR/MIP or Dynamic Analysis, can be evaluated. However,
this does not apply to radial series.
L.2
For example, you may want to use Mean Curve to examine how
the mean grayscale value in an image section (Region of Interest, ROI) varies as a function of the slice position, trigger time,
or image number. The result of a Mean Curve evaluation
appears as a curve that plots the mean grayscale value against
a selectable second variable (x axis).
L.2
You can evaluate the dependency of the grayscale values on
various values within a series or across the images of more
than one series. Before evaluation, define the sort criteria for
images within the series or across series.
L.2
You are able to scroll through the loaded images and look for an
initial image suitable for drawing ROIs. If necessary, you may
load additional series with a different image orientation to locate
the image with the anatomy to be evaluated.
L.2
In some cases, it is easier to draw the ROIs in subtraction
images and then to apply them to the images to be evaluated.L.2
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As you scroll, the ROIs drawn in one image will be applied to the
loaded images. You can select whether you want the ROIs to be
applied unchanged (static ROI) or changed in each image
(dynamic ROI).
L.2
You may select a reference image or a reference series if you
want to evaluate the change in grayscale values with respect to
a reference.
L.2
The evaluation results will be displayed as curves or tables. You
can scale the curves, insert comments, save, as well as film the
results.
L.2
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Operator Manual
Loading Images
Page L.26
Define x-axis/sorting
Page L.213
Scroll in the 1st segment

Search for original image
Page L.220
Scroll in the 4th segment,
search for original image
Page L.225
Select relative evaluation

Select reference
Page L.237
Window, zoom, pan images

Page L.221
Draw ROIs in 1st segment
static/dynamic
Page L.228
Draw and apply ROIs in 3rd

segment
Page L.232
Scroll in the 1st segment

Delete and correct ROIs
Page L.222
Start evaluation
Page L.236
Change result display
Page L.243
Save and document results

Page L.253
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L.23
Starting Mean Curve
L.2
You can open the Mean Curve task card from any other task
card or from the Patient Browser.
L.2
Select Applications > Mean Curve from a task card or
Applications > Mean Curve from the Patient Browser.
The Mean Curve task card opens and is initially empty.
L.2
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L.24
Operator Manual
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
Menu bar
First segment (evaluation segment)
Third segment
Status bar
Second segment (result segment)
Display of sort criteria
Control area with subtask cards
Fourth segment
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L.25
Loading images
L.2
You can load images and series of a patient examination on the

Mean Curve task card. It is not possible to load a complete
examination or patient on the Mean Curve task card.
L.2
You may load images into the first, third, and fourth segments.
The second segment is reserved for displaying the results. L.2
L.2
N OT E
For Mean Curve evaluation the user has to have full access
rights to the patient data to be evaluated. You also require
the data save privilege.
L.2
L.2
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L.26
Operator Manual
Loading images into the first segment
L.2
Select the images and series in the Patient Browser or on the

Viewing task card and load them into the Mean Curve task
card.
L.2
Requirements
L.2
The images in the first segment must meet the following criteria
prior to mean curve evaluation.
L.2
same matrix size

same field of view (FoV)
same orientation
same series block and table position
If images do not meet one of these criteria, the images will not
be loaded into the task card.
L.2
The following criteria have to be met:
same slice position
same slice thickness
L.2
A dialog box is displayed if the images do not meet the criteria.

You may then decide whether or not to continue loading the
images.
L.2
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L.27
From the Patient Browser

Loading
L.2
You can load images and start the Mean Curve task card in one
step.
L.2
Open the Patient Browser and select one or more series.
Select Applications > Mean Curve.
Once the Mean Curve task card has been opened and is in
L.2
foreground:
Open the Patient Browser and select one or more series.
Or
L.2
Drag and drop the selected series into the first segment.
Or
L.2
Double-click the selected series.
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L.28
Operator Manual
Loading from the Viewer

task card
L.2
The Viewer task card is in foreground. You can load images and
start the Mean Curve task card in one step.
L.2
Explicitly select images or series for the mean curve evaluation.
The Mean Curve task card opens.
L.2
Displaying the loaded

images
L.2
The images and series loaded are always displayed as an

image stack.
L.2
You will see the center image of the series in the first segment if you have loaded one series only.
You will see the center image of the middle series in the first
segment if you have loaded more than one series.
The images are initially ordered according to the preset sort.
Page L.213, Defining sorting
L.2
Graphic objects from, e.g., a previous mean curve evaluation

will be deleted when loading the images.
L.2
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Adding images
L.2
You may load additional images into the first segment at any
time. All images in the first segment are sorted according to the
preset sort.
L.2
A Warning box will be displayed if you select images or series
from another examination or another patient and add them to
Mean Curve.
L.2
You may load "new" images and remove "old" images from segments at any time.
L.2
Simply click the Yes button.
You can stop loading new images.
L.2
Simply click the No button.
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Operator Manual
Loading images into the third and fourth

segment
L.2
The images in the third and fourth segment will not be taken into
account in the actual evaluation. However, the images have to
belong to the same patient and to the same examination as the
images in the first segment.
L.2
Images are always loaded into the third and fourth segment
using drag and drop.
Requirements
L.2
Images in the fourth segment may have a different orientation

from the images in the first segment. For example, you can load
reference images of the exam or images showing the lesion in
a different orientation into the fourth segment.
Page L.225, Searching for an original image by scrolling
through the fourth segment
L.2
You may load, for example, the subtraction series or the MIP
series of the examination into the third segment. If you want to
copy ROIs from the third segment to the first segment, the
images in the third segment must meet the same conditions as
the images in the first segment.
Page L.232, Drawing ROIs in the third segment
L.2
Open the Patient Browser and select the series.

Drag and drop the selected series into the third or fourth segment.
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L.211
Displaying the loaded

images
L.2
The same display rules apply to the loaded images as in the first
segment.
L.2
Exception:
You have already loaded images or series in the first segment
and you are now in the process of loading another series into
the third segment. The third segment shows the image with the
same preset sort criteria as the current image in the first segment.
L.2
Moving images to
another segment
L.2
You have loaded images into a segment of the Mean Curve

task card and now want to move those images to another segment.
L.2
Select the same images again in the Patient Browser.
Drag the selected images to the mean curve segment.
The Warning message box appears.
L.2
L.2
Click OK.
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Operator Manual
Defining sorting
L.2
When sorting loaded images, you may set the scrolling

sequence in the first and third segments and define the x axis
of the mean curve evaluation.
L.2
In the fourth segment, the images are always sorted by image
number and series.
L.2
The difference between evaluation within a series and evaluation across the images of more than one series is as follows.
L.2
Evaluation within the

series
L.2
The mode is automatically set to Within if you have loaded only

one series into the first segment.
L.2
The Within button then appears pressed.
L.2
You define the sort order of the loaded images by selecting the
x axis.
L.2
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Evaluation across
series
L.2
The mode will automatically be set to Across if you have loaded

multiple series into the first segment.
L.2
The Across button then appears pressed.
L.2
You define the sort order of the loaded images across the series
by selecting the x axis. You define the sort order within the
loaded series with a second sort criterion.
L.2
The images are initially ordered as defined by the preset sort:L.2

Within: Sorted by slice position
Across: Sorting by series number
The current sort order is displayed in the control area.
L.2
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Operator Manual
Defining the x axis
L.2
Select Tools > Scaling/Sorting.

Or
L.2
Click the Scaling/Sorting button in the control area of the

Mean Curve card.
The Scaling dialog box is displayed.
L.2
Move the X-Axis subtask card in foreground.
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Select one of the following parameters as the x axis by clicking on the appropriate option.
Ser / Ima No.
Image and series number
Trigger Time
Suitable for displaying physiologically triggered measurement, e.g., cardiac series
Echo Time
Suitable for displaying multi-echo sequences, e.g., multiecho spin echo sequences
Slice Pos. default
Normal Time
Excitation time, suitable for dynamic and motion studies
When evaluating Within, the Normal Time of an image is
the difference between the acquisition time of the image and
the shortest acquisition time in the series.
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Sorting in Across mode
L.2
The sort criteria for Mean Curve evaluation across the series is
defined in the Scaling dialog box on the Sorting card.
L.2
Select the Sorting subtask card in the Scaling dialog box.
The Sort card is displayed only if you are evaluating across
L.2
series.
With Sorting across series, you define the parameters used

as the x axis and the order used for evaluating corresponding
images.
L.2
You may define the sort parameters used for images within a
series (Sorting within series). Additionally, the images corresponding during the sort across series are determined (evaluation across series).
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L.2
The sort criteria across series and within series have to be

different.
Choose an option for sorting within a series and one for
across series.
Click OK.
The sort criteria will be applied and the Scaling dialog box
closes.
L.2
Images with the same

sort criterion
L.2
The sort order of images in the first segment is checked and

updated every time images are loaded, deleted, or the sort criterion is switched.
L.2
The Same sort size dialog dialog box will be displayed if more
than one image has the same value for one or both sort criteria.
L.2
Example: Mode Across, x axis = normal.time
L.2
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For each x value, you can decide whether the newest or oldest
image will be used for evaluation.
L.2
Click the Use all newest image or Use all oldest image button.
In general, the newest or oldest of all the images with the same
sort criterion can be used for evaluation.
L.2
Click the Use all newest image or Use all oldest image button.
You can undo the action for locating images with the same sort
size.
L.2
Just click Cancel.
Example:
You have loaded additional images into the first segment.
If you click Cancel in the Same sort size dialog dialog box, the
loaded images will be deleted again.
L.2
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Searching for an original image for

evaluation
L.2
You can scroll through the loaded images and series to look for
a suitable image.
L.2
You can also load the reference images of the same examination into the fourth segment and scroll through them until you
find the optimal original image for evaluation.
L.2
You may change the way the loaded images are displayed.
L.2
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L.2
You can use the following methods:
L.2
Changing brightness and contrast (windowing)

Zooming/panning
Fit to segment size
Inverting grayscale values
These actions are described in detail in the Viewing chapter.

L.2
L.2
N OT E
During scrolling, the Mean Curve task card, unlike the
Viewer task card, automatically transfers each change to all
images of the respective segment.
L.2
L.2
Select a method for changing the image display under Image

in the main menu.
Or
L.2
Place the mouse pointer on the first, third, or fourth segment

and select a method for changing the image display from the
context menu.
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Scrolling within a series
L.2
There are several ways of scrolling image by image through a

series.
L.2
For scrolling, use the turned down page symbol in the top
right-hand corner of the image segments.
Or
L.2
Use the symbol keys on the symbol keypad for scrolling.

Page A.211, Starting applications and functions
Or
L.2
Click the Next image or Previous image button on the

Scroll card in the control area.
Or
L.2
Select Scroll > Image Next or Scroll > Image Previous

from the main menu.
Images not used for evaluation because of the same sort criterion will not be displayed as you scroll.
L.2
Once you have loaded a series into the first as well as third segments and are scrolling through one of them, the other segment
will look for and display the corresponding image (identical to
within sort criterion).
L.2
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Scrolling across series
L.2
There are two ways of scrolling across series in a segment.
L.2
Click the Series+ or Series- buttons on the Scroll card.

Or
L.2
Use the symbol keys on the symbol keypad for scrolling.

Page A.211, Starting applications and functions
Or
L.2
Select Scroll > Series Next or Series Previous from the

main menu when starting applications and functions.
Images that have the same within criterion will be displayed as

you scroll across series.
L.2
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Example
L.2
If the preset sort applies, images with the same slice position
will be displayed as you scroll across series.
L.2
A series is placed last in the scrolling order and an empty segment is displayed along with a message, if an image with the
corresponding within sort criterion is missing in a series. This
series will then be ignored during evaluation.
L.2
Images of the series not used for evaluation because of the

same sort criterion will not be displayed as you scroll.
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Searching for an original image by scrolling

through the fourth segment
L.2
In some cases it is simpler to look for the most suitable image

in the first segment using the reference images.
L.2
Mean Curve therefore provides a way of loading the reference
images of the images loaded in the first segment into the fourth
segment.
Page L.211, Requirements
L.2
In the reference images loaded, shift the cut line that represents
the position of the current image in the first segment.
L.2
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Load the reference images of the examination into the fourth

segment.
Look for the reference image that best represents the anatomy to be evaluated.
Click the reference image with the left mouse button. Hold
the mouse button down and drag the cut line to the anatomy
to be evaluated.
The first segment displays the image whose position best
matches the position of the cut line.
L.2
Scroll through the stack and look for another reference image
if the fourth segment does not show a cut line in the reference
image.
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Moving a cut line
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Current image in the first segment

Reference image in the fourth segment
Original image in the first segment after moving the cut line
Reference image in the fourth segment after moving the
cut line
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Drawing in ROIs (regions of

interest)
L.2
You can draw ROIs after you have optimized image display and
located the image for evaluation in the first segment. ROIs
delineate the part of the image that will be evaluated.
L.2
You can draw ROIs in the first and third segment.
L.2
The Mean Curve task card is able to manage up to four ROIs

simultaneously per evaluation.
Drawing ROIs in the first segment
L.2
The following tools are available on the Mean Curve task card
for drawing ROIs:
L.2
Rectangle
Circle
Freehand ROI
Drawing and editing ROIs is described in detail in the Viewer
chapter.
Page G.54, Evaluating regions
L.2
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L.2
NOTE
Ensure that the ROIs do not extend beyond the edge of the
image. If they do, you will not be able to perform
calculations.
L.2
If the ROI extends over the edge of the image,
'"???'" appears instead of numbers after Min/Max, Area,
Mean/SD.
L.2
Draw one or more ROIs in the original image in the first segment.
The ROIs in the first segment have different colors and line
styles. Each ROI is also identified by a number.
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Static or dynamic transfer of the ROIs to other

images
L.2
You may select whether the ROIs drawn in the image will apply
to all other images in the first segment (Static ROI) or whether
you want to adjust the ROIs for each image (Dynamic ROI). L.2
Select Tools > Static ROI or Dynamic ROI from the main
menu.
Click the Dynamic ROI button in the control area on the
Tools card.
Static ROI mode is the active default setting when you start
Mean Curve.
L.2
Scrolling with static

ROIs
L.2
As you scroll, the ROIs drawn in the initial image will be applied
to all other images in the first segment.
L.2
If ROIs have already been defined in some images, they will be
overwritten by the static ROIs.
L.2
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Scrolling with dynamic

ROIs
L.2
The ROIs drawn in the initial image will be copied to the next,
current image as you scroll. Existing ROIs will not be overwritten.
L.2
At this point, you are able to check how well ROIs match the
anatomy to be evaluated and change the ROIs, if necessary.
L.2
Example:
You have drawn four ROIs in the initial image. The next image
already contains regions 1 and 2. As you scroll, the image contains only regions 3 and 4 from the initial image.
L.2
Adjust region 2 to match the anatomy to be evaluated in the
next image. The next image does not include any ROIs. As you
continue scrolling, this image will contain all four ROIs from the
previous image and nothing from the initial image.
L.2
Deleting ROIs
L.2
Select the ROI that you want to delete.

Select Edit > Delete Graphics from the main menu or
Delete from the context menu.
Or
L.2

The selected ROIs are deleted from all images.
L.2
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Filling in missing ROIs
L.2
All images required for the current evaluation must have the
same number of ROIs.
L.2
Mean Curve adds missing ROIs automatically by copying them
from the nearest images.
L.2
Example:
ROIs will be copied from the previous images if you reload
images into the first segment after drawing ROIs.
L.2
Drawing ROIs in the third segment
L.2
In some cases, it is easier to position the ROIs in the images of

the third segment.
L.2
For this reason, Mean Curve allows you to load additional
series, e.g. subtraction series or the MIP series of the examination into the third segment. These images frequently allow for
easier anatomic evaluations and a more accurate drawing of
ROIs. Subsequently, you apply the ROIs to the images in the
first segment.
L.2
Load suitable images into the third segment.

The third segment shows the image that has the same sort criterion (within) as the current image in the first segment.
L.2
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Select the initial image for drawing in the third segment.

Draw the ROIs in the third segment.
Unlike the first segment, all ROIs are displayed in white and
annotated.
L.2
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Transferring ROIs to the

first segment
L.2
You may individually select and apply the ROIs in the third segment or apply all ROIs together to the first segment.
L.2
Explicitly select an ROI in the third segment.
Or
L.2
Put the input focus on the third segment and select Edit >
Select All Graphics from the main menu or Select All
Graphics from the context menu.
The ROIs in the third segment are then selected.
L.2
Select Edit > Apply ROI from the main menu or Apply ROI
The ROIs will be applied to the first segment.
L.2
If the slice positions of the current images in the first and third
segment do not match, a message box appears.
L.2
Click Yes in the message box to transfer the ROIs.
Click No in the message box to cancel transfer.
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Please ensure that you do not exceed the maximum
number of four ROIs.
L.2
If two ROIs have already been defined in the first segment,

you can transfer up to two ROIs from the third segment to
the first segment.
L.2
L.2
N OT E
If the matrix size of the images in the third segment differs
from that in the first segment, you are not able transfer ROIs
from the third segment to the first segment.
L.2
An error message is displayed.
L.2
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Setting and starting the evaluation
L.2
Before you start the evaluation, define whether you want to perform an absolute or relative evaluation.
L.2
The signal intensity is plotted against the x axis during absolute
evaluation.
L.2
Relative evaluation generates two curves for each ROI. The difference between the signal intensity and a reference value as
well as the ratio of the difference to the reference value are
applied to the x axis.
L.2
L.2
I/IRef
L.2
L.2
Select a single image as the reference if you are evaluating

within a series.
Select a whole series as the reference if you are evaluating
across series.
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Set relative evaluation
L.2
Absolute evaluation is the default setting when you start Mean

Curve.
L.2
Select Tools > Evaluation Mode relative.
Or
L.2
Click this button in the control area on the Tools card.

The Select Reference Image (within mode) or Select Reference Series (across mode) dialog box opens.
L.2
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You can also call up this dialog box explicitly.
L.2
Select Tools > Select Reference Image.

The list contains the images or series loaded in the first segment. These are sorted according to the within or across sorting criterion.
L.2
The oldest image or the oldest series is preselected as the reference.
L.2
Select a reference image or reference series from this list. You
will also set the reference image or the reference series to be
used during evaluation.
L.2
For example, for a contrast agent series you are able to select
the series without contrast agent as a reference series.
L.2
Select a reference image or a reference series.
Activate or deactivate the Include Reference Series option.

Activate this option when evaluating the inflow of contrast
agent in a mammo series.
Deactivate this option when evaluating cardiac images
dependent on the trigger time.
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Click OK.
The dialog box closes.
L.2
The selected reference is used for all subsequent evaluations. As soon as you switch evaluation modes (within or
across), the selected series is no longer valid.
Starting evaluation
L.2
Click the Start Evaluation button in the control area on the

Mean Curve card.
Or
L.2
Select Tools > Start Evaluation.
The results of mean curve evaluation will be displayed as a

curve and table in the top right segment (result segment).
L.2
Automatic recalculation
L.2
The results will be rejected and cleared from the second segment as soon as you add new images, delete images, manipulate ROIs, or change the sort criterion.
L.2
Go to the menu and
L.2
Select the Auto Recalculation option under Tools.
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L.2
TIP
You should deactivate the Auto Recalculation option if you
have loaded a large number of series into Mean Curve. L.2
If not, you will find that recalculation is too time consuming.L.2
If you switch from Dynamic ROI to Static ROI after a Mean

Curve evaluation, the evaluation is recalculated.
Scroll in the second

segment
L.2
When you scroll in the second segment, the graphics are displayed first and then the tables.
L.2
If you scroll to a table in the second segment, this table is displayed first after re-evaluation.
L.2
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Result display in the

diagram
L.2
The diagram shows a curve for each ROI. Using the color and
line style, you can assign the ROIs in the first segment to the
corresponding curves in the diagram.
L.2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Patient name
Number of the table or diagram
Comment line (can be changed)
Information about scaling
Mean values or the maximum values (for absolute evaluation only)
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Result display in the

table
A table is generated for each diagram.

L.2
L.2
Scroll in through result segment until you come across a

table.
The far left column lists the values on the x axis, e.g. the serial
numbers.
L.2
Next to that you will find the mean value, standard deviation,
and area content of each ROI.
L.2
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Changing the display of the results
L.2
You can use the following options for changing the display of the
results in the diagram:
L.2
Using the vertical scan

line
L.2
Using vertical scan line

Scaling the x axis and y axis
Smoothing curves
Using an image from the first segment as background
Changing the comment line in the image text
For more precise evaluation of the curve, you can have the
intensity of the signal displayed for a defined x value.
L.2
For this purpose, you can shift the vertical line in the image.
L.2
Vertical scan line
L.2
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Click on the line and move it by holding down the left mouse
button.
The x value (Series No. 6 in the figure) and the mean values of
the intensities for each ROI are displayed above the curves.
L.2
If it is not visible, the vertical line is located directly on top of

the y axis. You are able to shift it in this position.
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Scaling the x axis
L.2
The definition range of the selected parameter is displayed on

the x axis. You can limit this range so that only the section of
interest will be displayed.
L.2
Select Scaling dialog box and go to the X-Axis subtask
card.
Page L.215, Defining the x axis
You can also call up the Scaling dialog box by selecting Scaling/Sorting in the result menu on the context menu.
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When you call Mean Curve, the automatic Scaling option is

activated. The X-axis is scaled in accordance with the input
data.
L.2
You are also able to scale the X-axis manually to focus on areas
of interest.
L.2
Change the value in the two input fields Minimum and Maximum.
The automatic Scaling option is deactivated for the x axis and
the y axis.
L.2
If the automatic Scaling option is inactive, the current scaling will be applied to all subsequent evaluations.
Click the OK button to apply your changes.
The curves and tables will be adjusted accordingly.
L.2
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Scaling the y-Axis
L.2
Different cards will be displayed in the Scaling dialog box

depending on the type of evaluation used.
L.2
Only the y-Axis card will be displayed for absolute evaluation.
A card for differential signal curves with a y-Axis (diff) and a
card for normalized curves with a y-Axis (norm) will be displayed for relative evaluation.
L.2
Select Scaling dialog box and go to the y-Axis card.

Page L.215
You can also call up the Scaling dialog box by selecting Scaling/Sorting in the result menu on the context menu.
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When you call Mean Curve, the automatic Scaling option is

activated. The y axes are scaled in accordance with the result
data.
L.2
You are also able to scale the axes manually to focus on areas
of interest. The measured grayscale values will not be
changed.
L.2
Change the value in the two input fields Minimum and Maximum.
The automatic Scaling option is deactivated for both the x axis
and the y axis.
L.2
If the automatic Scaling option is inactive, the current scaling will be applied to all subsequent evaluations.
You can set the scaling of the y axis to be either linear or logarithmic.
L.2
Click the Linear or Logarithmic option.
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You are able to scale the grayscale values. The grayscale values will be changed. This function is useful if the grayscale values are proportional to a physiologically relevant value and the
proportionality factor is known (e.g. flow velocity of the blood).
L.2
Example: Factor 2, Offset 20

All y values will be multiplied by 2 and shifted 20 units toward
the positive y axis.
L.2
Enter suitable values in the Factor and Offset input fields.
The Minimum/Maximum and Factor/Offset parameters are
mutually independent.
Click the OK button to apply your changes.

The curves and tables will be adjusted accordingly.
L.2
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Smoothing a curve
L.2
The individual measurement points can either be connected by

straight lines or by a smooth curve.
L.2
Click the Smoothing button on the Mean Curve card in the
control area.
Or
L.2
Select View > Smoothing On.

Or
L.2
Select Smoothing from the context menu.

The curve is smoothed. The results in the table are not affected.
L.2
Smoothing
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Image text and

comments
L.2
You are able to change a comment line in the image text of the
curves and tables.
L.2
Double-click this line.
The comment line is selected.
L.2
Enter the new comment.

Confirm the new comment line by pressing the Enter or Esc
key or by calling up an ROI tool.
The modified text is updated in all result images.
L.2
Example of an automatically generated comment line:

L.2
Evaluation of image 7 across series 4 to 11

rel 4ima 7: relative evaluation with image 7 from series 4 as
the reference
norm: Normalized curve
(or diff: ratio of the signal difference to the reference image)
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Image as a background
for the diagram
L.2
Instead of the default background, you may use the current

image in the first segment for diagrams.
L.2
Select the Image with Graphics option under View.

If necessary, adjust the contrast and brightness in the second segment for an optimally visible curve.
Select the Graphics only option under View if you want to
reset to a black background.
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Storing, filming and deleting

results
L.2
You may save the results of the mean curve evaluation as

images or as an ASCII file and send them to a camera for filming.
L.2
L.2
NOTE
When a user logs off, unsaved data are permanently
lost.
L.2
L.2
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Saving results as
images
L.2
The results are saved as separate images in the database as

follows:
L.2
(1) Explicitly select the initial images and results images and
select Save as
Explicitly select the images, curves, and tables in all segments that you want to save.
Select Patient > Save As... to display the Save As dialog
box.
You may save the result images in the same way as on the
Viewer task card.
L.2
(2) Save all results images and all relevant initial images without making a selection
Click the Save Evaluation button on the Patient card in the
control area.
Or
L.2
Select Patient > Save Evaluation As.

Or
L.2
Select Save As ASCII from the context menu in the second

segment.
The first and second segments are selected explicitly. The Save
As dialog box is displayed.
L.2
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A new series is created. This series contains all relevant initial

images with ROIs and the window and zoom/pan values from
the first segment and the results images from the second segment.
L.2
You can archive and send these series automatically.
Page J.51, Automatic Storing and Sending
L.2
If you have not performed any calculations and the second

segment is empty, the Save Evaluation As menu is grayed
out.
The ROIs of images stored in Mean Curve can no longer be
processed on the Viewer task card.
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Saving results as an
ASCII file
You may save data from the evaluation in an ASCII file.

L.2
L.2
You may only store ASCII data onto diskette (diskette drive A:)
or in directories especially set up for import/export by Siemens
Service.
L.2
N OT E
The Save As ASCII menu item is dimmed if you do not have
the necessary EXPORT rights.
L.2
Please refer to the information in
L.2
L.2
Select Patient > Save As ASCII.

Or
L.2
Select Save As ASCII from the save context menu in the

second segment.
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The Save in ASCII dialog box opens.
L.2
You can save the ASCII file on diskette or in directories especially set up for import/export by Siemens Service.
L.2
Choose a directory or diskette under File Name.
For security reasons, you are able to deactivate display of the
patient name in the first line of the ASCII file.
L.2
Select the Hide Patient Name option.
The ASCII data no longer contain any reference to the patient.
L.2
After relative evaluation, tables for differential signals end with

_diff, and tables for normalized values _norm. If needed, you
may change the file name.
L.2
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Reading an ASCII file

into Excel
L.2
The ASCII data from the mean curve evaluation could be

imported into Microsoft Excel, for example.
L.2
Ensure that you set a decimal point under the Regional Settings/Numbers on your PC.
Launch Microsoft Excel.
Select File > Open in Microsoft Excel.
Select drive A: under File type text files (*.txt). Under Look
in click the Open button.
The Convert Text to Columns Wizard (Text Assistant) dialog
box then opens.
L.2
Click the End button.
You can now use Microsoft Excel to continue processing the
L.2
curve results.
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Filming images
L.2
You can transfer the images, curves, and table of the mean
curve evaluation to the virtual film sheet for filming or printing as
follows:
L.2
(1) Select the images and results explicitly and transfer them
to film sheet
Explicitly select the images and results from all four segments.
(2) Transfer the two current images from the first and second
segment to the film sheet without making a selection
Select Patient > Film Evaluation or click Film Evaluation
button in the control area on the Patient card.
The images are transferred to the virtual film sheet and from
there they are sent to the camera either immediately or after a
delay depending on the setting (Auto Expose on/off).
L.2
You will find a detailed description of the film function in:
Chapter O.2
L.2
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Deleting images and

results
L.2
You can either delete images or results in one segment or

delete all the images loaded in Mean Curve.
L.2
Put the input focus on a segment.
Select Edit > Delete document(s) or select Delete documents from the context menu.
The corresponding document will be deleted.
L.2
Select Patient > Close Patient or click the Close Patient

button in the control area on the Patient card.
All segments will be cleared.
L.2
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Ending mean curve
L.2
Select Applications > Close Mean Curve.

Or
L.2
Start another dynamic application function such as Argus.

The Mean Curve task card closes.
L.2
Up to six task cards may be active. You have to close one

active task before opening another task card.
L.2
N OT E
If you close the patient but not MeanCurve, all settings, e.g.
evaluation mode or scaling, are retained.
L.2
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CHAPTER
L.3
Image filtration and

distortion correction
L.3
You can use a filter to post-process images or images with visible noise. The ContextVision Filter is an adaptive filter that
searches for conspicuous structures in the image. Subsequently, the filter checks if these are either random or part of
other structures.
L.3
The ContextVision Filter takes into account the local distribution
of signal intensity and the continuity of local tissue structures.L.3
The images selected in the Patient Browser or the Viewing
task card are used for calculation.
L.3
Three predefined filters are available (Smooth, Medium,
Sharp). These allow for individual adjustments to suit your
requirements.
L.3
Geometric distortions (barrel/pin cushion) may occur at the

edge of images with a large FoV. These image errors can be
eliminated using the distortion correction postprocessing
function.
L.3
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Editing images with the

ContextVision filter
L.3
Image or series that you want to post-process with the ContextVision filter should not have been edited with another filter.
L.3
Selecting images
L.3
Use the filter on the Patient Browser or the Viewing task card
to select images for postprocessing.
L.3
Selecting via the Patient
Browser
L.3
The Patient Browser allows you to select images and series of

a study, if you want to pass on a large number of series for filtering and do not want to view these images in detail.
L.3
Select the series and images (multiple selection) that you
want to filter.
All images and series that you select here will be filtered.
L.3
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > ContextVision

Filter to start the filter.
Or
L.3
Click the ContextVision filter on the toolbar of the Patient

Browser.
The ContextVision Parameter dialog box opens.
L.3
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Operator Manual
Selecting via the Viewing

task card
L.3
You want to view the images in detail before evaluation or edit

them in the 2D evaluation on the Viewing task card.
L.3
Select the images and series on the Viewing task card.
All images and series that you select here will be filtered.
L.3
Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis > ContextVision

Filter to start the filter.
Or
L.3
Click the tool button on the Evaluation subtask card on the

Viewing task card.
The ContextVision Parameter dialog box opens.
L.3
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Setting the filter strength
L.3
The ContextVision Parameter dialog box allows you to select

the desired filter strength. You may either use default filters or
define one set of your own filters.
L.3
Since the visual impression of the filter images is very subjective, we can only provide general recommendations for filter values.
L.3
Using Siemens filters
L.3
The filter strength can be adjusted with the options Smooth,

Medium, or Sharp. These options are set to the following
default values:
L.3
Smooth: Filter strength 15
Medium: Filter strength 17
Sharp: Filter strength 19
Select one of the options.
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Using user-defined filters
L.3
For each of the three options, you may assign a filter strength
of group 1-10 or group 11-20. We recommend saving the filters
with names that indicate their strength. For example, you could
save a smooth filter as Smooth.
L.3
Using filter settings 1-10
L.3
You will probably use filter settings 1-10 to process images of

256 matrix size. The higher the filter setting, the stronger the
enhancement of structures and the less these structures are
smoothed.
L.3
Recommended: Strength 9 filters enhance structures to a
greater degree (to emphasize edges and lines). This filter is
especially suitable for MIP images and angiographic studies.
Select an option.
Enter a value in the Filtervalue spin box.
Apply the filter strength by clicking the Adopt button.

Change the filter strength of the other two options in the
same way.
The modified filter values are updated and displayed next to the
filter options.
L.3
The filter strengths you enter are saved and will be applied
every time you select that option.
L.3
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Using filter settings

11-20
L.3
Filter settings 11-20 are optimized for matrix size 512. However,
you may apply it to other image sizes as well. The higher the
value, the more the signal is enhanced and the less noise is
suppressed.
L.3
Recommended: Filter strengths 11 and 12 result in good
noise suppression and low signal enhancement (e.g. for use
on the spinal column and liver). Strength 19 and 20 filters
have the lowest filter effect.
Select an option.
Enter a value in the Filtervalue spin box.
Confirm your entry with Adopt.
Change the filter strength of the other two options in the
same way.
The modified filter values are updated and displayed next to the
filter options.
L.3
The filter strengths you enter are saved and will be applied
every time you select that option.
L.3
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Operator Manual
Resetting the filter option

to a default value
L.3
You can reset a filter option you have changed (Smooth/

Medium/Sharp) back to its original default value.
L.3
Select the filter option Smooth.
Click the Siemens-Default button.
The default value is displayed again next to the selected filter

option.
L.3
Select the next option and reset it to the default value in the
same way.
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Renaming a results series
L.3
A results series is generated for each original image or series.

L.3
Name of the result

series or image
L.3
The Result Series Description text input field contains an

automatically generated name. However, you are able to modify
the name as required.
L.3
As the default setting, a name is displayed as follows:
L.3
The first part of the name corresponds to the original data of

the images or series,
followed by the abbreviation "CV" for filters (ContextVision
Filter)
plus a running number.
Filtered images are identified with the abbreviation "CVxx"
which represents the image type (xx stands for filter strength; integer
value).
Page P.210, List of image types
L.3
If the name of the results series does not meet your requirements, change the name in the Result Series Description
field.
L.3
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Operator Manual
Selecting a result
series or image
L.3
If you have selected multiple series, you can use the selection
list next to the Result Series Description input field to check
the names and change them, if necessary.
L.3
Starting filtering
L.3
After you have selected your filters, you can start processing
images.
L.3
Click OK.
The ContextVision Parameter dialog box closes. The filtering
process runs in the background.
L.3
An icon in the status bar indicates that the filtering process is
active.
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Monitoring filtering
L.3
You can monitor the progress of filtering in the Calculation Status dialog box. You can interrupt or cancel filtering and delete
filter jobs from the list.
L.3
Click the icon on the status bar.

The Calculation Status dialog box opens.
L.3
For a detailed description of how to control the filtering process,

Page L.177, Tracing the progress of evaluation
L.3
The icon for the calculation status disappears after the jobs
have been processed. The result images are then available for
display.
L.3
Displaying the results
L.3
All filtered images and series are available for viewing after the
last image has been processed.
L.3
The images are loaded onto the Viewing task card after calculation of the last image or a series.
L.3
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Correcting distortion artifacts
L.3
Geometric distortions (barrel/pin cushion) may occur at the

edge of images with a large FoV or with off-center slices.
L.3
(1) Image with distortion artifacts

(2) Image after distortion correction
Cause
L.3
Gradient coils are used to encode spatial information whose

gradient field ideally rises linearly. In reality, however, deviations
from linearity may occur at the edge of the image.
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Remedies
L.3
If you are planning quantitative evaluations for images, it is

essential to correct distortion artifacts as follows:
L.3
(1) Before scanning switch on the FoV compensation filter.
The images resulting from this scan are distortion-corrected.
Page P.171, FOV compensation filter (large FOV)
(2) You can also correct images after scanning. Call distortion
correction from the Patient Browser. This method is
described on the next pages.
Distortion correction after scanning generates a new series.

The uncorrected original images are retained and can be used
for slice positioning additional scans.
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Selecting images and starting calculation

Requirements
L.3
L.3
The images have to meet the following conditions for distortion

correction:
L.3
The images have been acquired with syngo MR
The images have not been distortion-corrected before
Selecting images
L.3
You may select individual images, one or more series or single

images of different series.
L.3
Select Patient > Patient Browser.
Select the images or series in the Patient Browser.
L.3
Select Evaluation > Distortion Correction from the Patient

List.
Calculation of the distortion correction starts. The status bar

shows the icon of the image postprocessing jobs. If calculation
fails, the icon appears crossed out.
Page L.439, Tracking postprocessing
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The Postprocessing Queue dialog box is displayed. You are

able to monitor progress of the image postprocessing job.
L.3
Click the Close button in the Organize Image Postprocessing Jobs dialog box when the image postprocessing job has
been completed.
Results
L.3
New series are generated as a result of the distortion correction.

L.3
Example
L.3
You have selected three images from series S1, four images
from series S2, and two images from series S3 for distortion
correction.
L.3
Three new result series are created: Series E1 with three
images, series E2 with four images, and series E3 with two
images.
L.3
You can recognize distortion-corrected images because of their
image type DIS2D.
L.3
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Viewing and Evaluating

BOLD Images
CHAPTER
L.4
L.4
The BOLD task card enables you to create alpha images by

combining anatomical images with parameter images as well
as to retroactively calculate parameter images.
L.4
The various image types are defined as follows:

L.4
Parameter images
L.4
t-test images
L.4
Post-processed images with functional information. In this

case, t-test images.
L.4
Parameter images that originate from an online or offline BOLD
calculation or have been generated by statistical analysis with
the Dynamic analysis > TTest... function The pixels contain
functional information.
L.4
It is not possible to window t-test images on the BOLD task
card.
Alpha image
L.4
Overlay image (magnitude image) created by combining a currently displayed anatomical image with a currently displayed
parameter image. This requires an identical slice position.
L.4
It is not possible to window alpha images or to use them for
additional analysis.
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Access authorization
to the task card
L.4
Detailed information about access authorization is available in

the chapters on Safety Standards.
Page B.11, Introduction
L.4
You require access authorization for the BOLD task card. If you
log on without this access authorization, you will not be able to
perform the protected functions.
L.4
If you do not have access to a certain patient, his data will not
be shown in the Patient Browser when you are logged into the
system.
L.4
L.4
NOTE
lost.
L.4
L.4
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Operator Manual
The BOLD task card
L.4
The BOLD task card is divided into the following areas:
L.4
(1)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Menu bar
Segment 1 (anatomical segment)
Segment 2 (parameter image segment)
Segment 3 (alpha image segment) contains only one
image
(5) Segment 4 (currently not used)
(6) Control area
(7) Status bar
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Loading images
L.4
You are transferring anatomical images and parameter images

to the BOLD task card. The sequence is not important.
L.4
This automatically creates overlay images, known as alpha
images.
Page L.411, Automatic calculation of the alpha images. L.4
You can choose single images as well as series or complete
studies.
L.4
Restrictions
L.4
You can not transfer the complete images set of a patient to

the BOLD task card.
Anatomical images that include distortion correction through
remapping with the Large FOV filter can not be transferred
to the BOLD task card.
The images can only be loaded from the local database. During direct loading from CD-ROM, loading will be canceled followed by a message appearing on-screen.
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Operator Manual
L.4
NOTE
A message appears when an operator without access
authorization to the data currently loaded takes over.
L.4
You can then decide whether to continue or cancel log-on

of the new operator. If you choose to continue, the current
data will be unloaded without saving. The task card is then
closed.
L.4
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Initially loading series
L.4
Anatomical series and parameter image series are transferred

to the empty BOLD task card as follows.
L.4
Opening the Patient

Browser
Open the Patient > Browser from the main menu.

L.4
The Patient Browser dialog box opens.

L.4
Selecting images/series
L.4
Transferring images
L.4
Select the study, series, or individual images desired.

Open Applications > BOLD from the main menu.
Or
L.4
Drag and drop the required anatomical series into the image
area of the BOLD task card.
Or
L.4
Double-click the required series.
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The anatomical series will be transferred to the anatomical segment of the BOLD task card. The parameter image series will
be transferred to the parameter image segment.
L.4
If the series contains images without a clearly defined slice
plane, these images will also be loaded into the first segment
and appended to the end of the series.
If the anatomical images are not from EPI measurements,
certain restrictions apply.
Page L.424, Activating/Deactivating blocking areas.
The segments show the first image of the first series. If the conditions for an alpha image are met, the alpha image segment
will show a single alpha image.
L.4
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Loading additional series
L.4
You have already transferred several series to the BOLD task

card and would like to load additional series.
L.4
Select the study, series, or individual images desired.
Open Applications > BOLD from the main menu.
Or
L.4
Drag and drop the required anatomical series into the image
area of the BOLD task card.
Or
L.4

If the selected series consist of anatomical images, they will be
transferred to the anatomical segment. Additionally, the first
image of the first new series you have loaded will be displayed.L.4
If the new series originated from the same study, they will be
stored on the BOLD task card according to their series number.
In this case, you are able to scroll across series,
Page L.415, Scrolling from series to series.
L.4
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Operator Manual
If you have selected series from another study, a dialog box will
be displayed. The dialog box gives you the choice of transferring the new series to the BOLD task card.
L.4
If yes, the series currently on the BOLD task card will be
deleted.
L.4
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Loading mosaic images
L.4
You are able to transfer mosaic images to the BOLD task card
as well.
L.4
L.4
N OT E
BOLD imaging generates thousands of images. For simpler
handling and to maintain performance, there are special
sequences that create mosaic images.
L.4
A mosaic image combines the slices scanned within a TR
interval. The matrix of the mosaic is defined by the number
of slices.
L.4
The images are sorted in anatomical order starting top left
of the matrix.
Page D.37, Splitting mosaic images into single imagesL.4
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Automatic calculation of the alpha

images
L.4
Ensure that the source images loaded meet the following

requirements prior to your calculating alpha images:
L.4
at least one slice position of the anatomical series and
parameter image series has to match
the parameter image must cover at least half the anatomical
image at the matching slice position
If yes, the alpha images are calculated automatically and displayed on the BOLD task card in the alpha image segment. The
image section that does not correspond to the anatomical
image, will be shown in turquoise color in the alpha image. L.4
If the parameter image covers less than half the anatomical
image, it is not possible to calculate the alpha image. The alpha
image segment remains black.
L.4
The alpha images are displayed singly rather than as an
image stack because only the alpha image for the currently
displayed anatomical image and parameter image are calculated.
Image numbers are not displayed in the alpha image.
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The image text of the alpha text provides the slice position and
the magnitude of the threshold value (upper low range, lower
up range) from the color scale, e.g. SP H 29.7 |t| > 4.0. This
also applies to mosaic images. In this case, the slice position of
the first mosaic image is used.
L.4
Rules for mosaic images
L.4
If both source images (anatomical image and parameter

image) are in mosaic format, the alpha image is displayed in
mosaic format as well. For this purpose, the slice positions
have to match.
If only one source images is in mosaic format, (for example,
the anatomical image is a single slice image while the
parameter image is in mosaic format) BOLD will search for a
slice position in the mosaic image that matches the anatomical image. If the search is successful, the alpha image will
be calculated and displayed.
Anatomical mosaic images that are not available in EPI format cannot be superimposed.
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Operator Manual
Scrolling images and series
L.4
Series and images are displayed as a stack of images in the

anatomical segment or parameter images segment of the
BOLD task card. This means that you can scroll through the
images separately in each segment.
L.4
It is not possible to scroll through alpha images because only
one alpha image at a time is shown.
Scrolling between images
L.4
The BOLD task card provides options for scrolling image-byimage through the series:
L.4
Use the dog ears in the top right corner of the image segments.
Page G.32, Scrolling.
Or
L.4

Or
L.4
Scroll using the Image- or Image+ key on the symbol keypad.
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When you select a slice position while scrolling through the

anatomical series that matches an image in the parameter
image series, the image will be displayed, and the program calculates the associated alpha image.
L.4
If the anatomical series contains images without a clearly
defined slice plane, these images will be appended to the end
of the series.
If several anatomical series are loaded, it is possible to scroll
through image-by-image from one series to another.
L.4
When you select a slice position while scrolling through the
parameter image series that matches an image in the anatomical series, the image will be displayed, and the program calculates the associated alpha image.
L.4
Otherwise, a message will appear informing you that it is not
possible to calculate an alpha image from the source images.
In this case, the alpha image segment remains black.
L.4
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Operator Manual
Scrolling from series to series
L.4
You can scroll series-by-series both in the anatomical segment

as well as the parameter image segment.
L.4
Or
L.4
Scroll using the Series- or Series+ key on the symbol keypad.

If at least one slice position of the anatomical series and the
parameter images series matches, the alpha image will be
automatically calculated for the first matching slice position and
displayed on the alpha image segment on the BOLD task card.
The associated anatomical images and parameter images will
be displayed as well.
L.4
Otherwise, a message appears informing you that it is not possible to calculate an alpha image from either of the two source
images. Additionally, the alpha image segment remains black.L.4
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Processing images
L.4
The BOLD task card lets you edit images and change image
display. A number of functions is available, depending on the
type of image.
L.4
Image type
Editing/display change
Anatomical image
Windowing images
Parameter image
Deactivating interpolation
Editing a color scale
Alpha image

Activating/deactivating blocking areas
L.4
Windowing anatomical images
L.4
You can only window anatomical images. It is not possible to

window color images (parameter image and alpha image). L.4
Set the desired window values in the anatomical image.
The alpha image is recalculated and displayed.
L.4
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Operator Manual
Deactivating interpolation in parameter

images
L.4
The pixels of images from EPI scans are clearly visible due to
the small image matrix used. To improve image impression,
these images are interpolated by default with a bicubic algorithm.
L.4
This interpolation can be deactivated if necessary.
L.4
Scroll to the image you require in the image segment for the
parameter images.
Deactivate the function View > Interpolation On in the main
menu.
Both the alpha image and the parameter image are displayed
without the bicubic algorithm. The pixels are clearly visible. L.4
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Editing a color scale
L.4
The pixels of the parameter images contain functional information only. A value of the color scale is assigned to each pixel. L.4
You may change the color display of the parameter and alpha
images.
L.4
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Operator Manual
Selecting a color scale
L.4
If the parameter image has positive and negative values, you

can change the color scale in the upper and lower palette. L.4
Select the desired color scale from the Lower Palette and/or
Upper Palette selection list.
The color display of the parameter and alpha image is adjusted
to the new color scale.
L.4
Deselect the lower color

palette
L.4
If the parameter image has positive values only, the lower color
palette is not required for display. You can therefore deselect
this color palette.
L.4
Select the none setting from the Lower Palette selection list.
The lower color scale is hidden.
L.4
Select the desired color scale from the Upper Palette selection list.
to the new color scale. Only positive correlates (0 to 40.95) will
be taken into account.
L.4
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Deselecting the upper

color palette
L.4
If the parameter image has negative values only, the upper

color palette is not required for display. You can deselect this
color palette.
L.4
Select the none setting from the Upper Palette selection list.
The upper color scale is hidden.
L.4
Select the desired color scale from the Lower Palette selection list.
to the new color scale. Only negative values (40.95 to 0) will
be taken into account.
L.4
L.4
TIP
If you want to expose alpha images and have a black-andwhite printer, select Grayscale as the color scale (blackand-white scale).
L.4
To rule out possible ambiguities in grayscale values,
window the grayscales values in the anatomical segment.L.4
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Operator Manual
Changing the color

range
L.4
You may define the range of the color scale for displaying
parameter images.
L.4
Enter the new values in the Lower Range and/or Upper
Range spin boxes.
Or
L.4
Move the lines in the scale using the mouse.

The color display of the parameter image is adjusted to the new
values. The alpha image is recalculated and displayed.
L.4
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Excluding a color range
L.4
You are able to define an intensity threshold for the parameter

images that also suppresses noise. For this purpose, set a symmetrical range around zero that will be ignored in the color
assignment and displayed as a black area in the parameter
images.
L.4
The selected threshold values is displayed as a black area
between the color scales on the BOLD task card.
L.4
Threshold
If you are only using one color scale, you may exclude a range
either ascending (for positive correlates) or descending (for
negative correlates).
L.4
The color range to be excluded is selected as follows:
L.4
Enter a new value in the Lower Up Range or Upper Low

Range spin-box.
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Operator Manual
Or
L.4
Use the mouse to move a line at the end of the scale.

The other threshold value will change symmetrically.
L.4
The color display of the parameter image is adjusted to the new

values. The alpha image is recalculated and displayed.
Either
Or
L.4
L.4
You can define the threshold value for pixel intensity in the anatomical image. As a result, you are able to hide alpha image pixels below a certain threshold. The default threshold is 0.10. This
corresponds to 10% of the mean value of all pixels in the anatomical image.
L.4
Enter the desired threshold value in the Anatomical
Threshold spin-box.
The alpha image is recalculated and shown in the bottom left
image segment.
L.4
The setting is retained when scrolling from image to image.
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Activating/Deactivating blocking areas
L.4
If you have transferred parameter images and anatomical

images of different resolution to the BOLD task card (e.g. anatomical spin-echo images), the alpha image is adjusted in size
to the anatomical image.
L.4
EPI images are prone to artifacts due to the acquisition method
used. Distortions and signal losses can occur in images. At
times areas may not be allocated correctly when overlaying
parameter images that are based on EPI images.
L.4
Areas that contain non-defined or incorrect information are
shown in color in the alpha images. For this purpose, a field
map is superimposed on the alpha image (field map displays
the local B0 field).
L.4
If the program is not able to find a valid field map, a message
appears informing you that the alpha image may be misinterpreted.
L.4
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Operator Manual
Deactivating blocking
areas
L.4
Deactivate the function View > Show Fieldmap in the main

menu.
A message appears informing you that the alpha image may be
misinterpreted.
L.4
The message appears only once per series.
Acknowledge the warning with OK.
The message will appear as a comment text in the alpha image.
It is not possible to hide this message. The alpha image is recalculated and displayed without blocking areas.
L.4
Activating blocking
areas
L.4
Activate the function View > Show Fieldmap in the main

menu.
The comment text in the alpha image is deleted. The alpha
image is recalculated and displayed with blocking areas.
L.4
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L.4
The alpha value defines the degree of overlay, i.e. the weighting
used to overlay the anatomical image with the parameter
image. The higher the alpha value, the greater the number of
brightness values taken from the parameter image. At an alpha
value of zero, the alpha image will only show the anatomical
image.
L.4
The default value is 1.00.
L.4
Enter the desired value in the Alpha Value spin-box.

L.4
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Operator Manual
L.4
To eliminate random pixels from the alpha image, you may

change the size of the clusters that should not be displayed for
the parameter image. The default cluster size is 1 pixel.
L.4
Enter the desired cluster size in the Simple Clustering spinbox.
For example, if you select cluster size 3, all pixel clusters
smaller than 3 pixels in the parameter image will be hidden in
the alpha image.
L.4
L.4
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Saving images
L.4
You can save new or changed images on the BOLD task card.
The following images may be stored:
L.4
whenever their slice positions match, all alpha images of the
anatomical and parameter images are loaded
current parameter image with associated color palette
current alpha image as a color image
The above save options let you decide whether to append the
saved images to an existing series or to save them as a new
series.
L.4
Saving all alpha images
L.4
You can have all alpha images of the loaded anatomical images
and parameter images calculated and saved with or without a
superimposed field map.
L.4
Opening the save
dialog box
Select Patient > Save All Alpha As... from the main menu.
L.4
Or
L.4
Select Save All Alpha As... from the context menu.
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Operator Manual
When you select saving, the number of alpha images is determined that have to be calculated. If the number is greater than
30, you will be asked whether you want to continue saving. If
necessary, you can cancel saving the alpha images by clicking the No button. Saving is continued by clicking on the Yes
button.
The Save As dialog box opens.
L.4
The save dialog lets you define how the calculated alpha
images will be saved:
L.4
You can save the images as a new series.
You can append the images to an existing series.
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Saving images as a new

series
L.4
Select the Save images in new series option in the Save

As dialog box.
The automatically generated series number is displayed in the
name field.
L.4
Enter a new name for the series if necessary.
For all series selected on the BOLD task card, all alpha images
are calculated and saved in which a suitable parameter image
has been found for an anatomical image. Each newly calculated
alpha images is displayed in the alpha images segment.
L.4
You are able to monitor image calculation as well image storage
on the progress indicator. These activities may be stopped with
Cancel.
L.4
All alpha images are saved with the color palette and settings
selected at the time.
L.4
After the alpha images have been saved, the original state is
restored on the BOLD task card as it was before saving.
L.4
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L.4
NOTE
If an operator without access authorization to the program
or the loaded data takes over during saving the data will be
hidden on the task card.
L.4
Saving is completed in the background. All data are then
unloaded from the task card and the task card is closed. L.4
L.4
Appending images to an
existing series
L.4
To append the calculated alpha images to an existing series,

proceed as follows:
L.4
Select the Append images to series option in the Save As
dialog box.
Subsequently select the required series from the selection
list using the serial number and series description.
Calculation is performed like for saving as a new series. The
alpha images calculated are appended to the selected series. L.4
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Saving single parameter images or alpha

images
L.4
You can save both a selected parameter image with the associated color palette and a selected alpha image.
L.4
Select the required parameter image or alpha image in the
2nd or 3rd image segment.
Select Patient > Save As... from the main menu.
L.4
The saving dialog lets you set whether the image will be
appended to an existing series or saved as a new series.
L.4
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Operator Manual
Select the required option and assign a name for a new

series, if necessary.
Page L.428, Saving all alpha images
The currently selected image (parameter image or alpha
image) is saved.
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Retroactively calculating parameter

images
L.4
You can retroactively calculate parameter images on the BOLD

task card.
L.4
The t-test images will be saved in mosaic format and automatically displayed on the BOLD task card.
L.4
Preparing for postprocessing
L.4

Select the anatomical series (EPI measurements).
Suitable series
L.4
The series must meet the following criteria before they can be
post-processed:
L.4
same study
same slice position
same table position
same number of images
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Operator Manual
L.4
Select Applications > BOLD Evaluation from the main

menu.
The BOLD task card is displayed or started.
L.4
At the same time, the Evaluation Controller Dialog box is displayed.

L.4
(1)
(2)
(1) Selected series

(2) postprocessing protocol last used
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The selected series are checked to see whether they fulfill the
above criteria.
Page L.434, Suitable series.
L.4
The Evaluation Controller Dialog will indicate if they do not
meet the criteria. Unsuitable series will be highlighted in color
and have to be removed from the list.
L.4
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Operator Manual
Deleting additional
series
L.4
Go to the list and select the series to be deleted (multiple

selections are possible).
Click the Delete Series button.
The series is deleted from the list.
L.4
Selecting another
postprocessing
protocol
L.4
L.4
Select the required postprocessing protocol from the selection list.

You may also edit the postprocessing protocol.
Page L.440, Editing a postprocessing protocol.
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Starting the postprocessing
L.4
Click the Execute button.

Postprocessing starts.
L.4
The first image is transferred to the BOLD task card. The Evaluation Controller Dialog box will be closed. The calculation
runs in background.
L.4
The icon for image postprocessing jobs in the status bar shows
you the calculation in progress.
L.4
After calculation has been successfully completed, the calculated parameter images are displayed as mosaic images in the
parameter image segment of the BOLD task card.
L.4
Additionally, the alpha image is calculated and displayed. Calculation is identified as "completed" in the Postprocessing
Queue dialog box.
L.4
Unsuccessful calculations are identified as "failed" in the Postprocessing Queue dialog box.
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Tracking postprocessing
L.4
You are able to track image calculations in the Postprocessing

Queue dialog box.
L.4
The Postprocessing Queue dialog box is displayed.
L.4
L.4
You can stop the calculation of individual series if they are identified with the "active" status.
L.4
Select a calculation.
Click the Delete Job button.
Calculation will be stopped and deleted from the job list. No
images will be calculated.
L.4
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Editing a postprocessing protocol
L.4
The postprocessing protocol contains the following postprocessing algorithms:

L.4
Spatial filtering
3D motion correction
t-test
Spatial filtering
L.4
Low-pass filtering is used to soften images. A Gaussian filter is

used. You can choose one of several filter strengths.
L.4
3D motion correction
L.4
Various interpolation methods (linear, sinc, k space) and their

parameters are available. Additionally, you are able to save the
motion parameters detected (3 translations and 3 rotations).
L.4
t-test
L.4
You may choose from various algorithms and their parameters

(e.g. type of paradigm).
L.4
L.4
N OT E
Only experienced users should edit the postprocessing
protocol.
L.4
The postprocessing protocol itself contains instructions on
how to edit.
L.4
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Operator Manual
Starting the
protocol editor
You can edit a postprocessing protocol in the Protocol Editor. L.4

L.4
Click the Edit Protocol button in the Evaluation Controller

Dialog dialog box.
The Edit Protocol dialog box opens.
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Saving a change under the

same name
L.4
You can quickly save user-defined postprocessing protocols

(but not Siemens postprocessing protocols).
L.4
Click the Save & Close button.

The selected postprocessing protocol will be overwritten with
L.4
the new settings.
The Edit Protocol dialog box is closed.
L.4
Saving changes under a

new name
L.4
You can save changed postprocessing protocols under a new

name. This makes it possible to change Siemens postprocessing protocols.
L.4
Click the Save As & Close button.
The Save As & Close dialog box opens.
L.4
Enter a file name.

A new postprocessing protocol is created. The Edit Protocol
L.4
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Operator Manual
Closing BOLD
L.4
Select Applications > Close BOLD from the main menu.

Or
L.4
Start another application function.

The BOLD task card is closed.
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CHAPTER
L.5
Evaluating PerfusionWeighted Images
L.5
The Perfusion evaluation function allows the display and evaluation of perfusion-weighted images, for example, for tumor
diagnosis.
L.5
The following parameters can be calculated on the Perf MR

task card:
L.5
time to bolus maximum (time-to-peak, TTP)

relative mean transit time (relMTT)
The use of such parameter maps has been shown to be highly
beneficial in a number of perfusion studies. Nevertheless you
should only attempt it if you have sufficient experience interpreting parameter images and take account of possible limitations.
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The Perf MR task card

Opening task card
L.5
L.5
You can open the Perf MR task card from any other task card
or from the Patient Browser.
L.5
Select Applications > Perfusion (MR) from a task card or
Applications > Perfusion (MR) from the Patient Browser.
The Perf MR task card opens.
L.5
If images, series, or a study are selected in the Patient

Browser, they will automatically be loaded into Perf MR.
L.5
Closing the task card
L.5
Select Applications > Close Perfusion (MR).

The Perf MR task card is closed.
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Layout of the task card
L.5
The Perf MR task card is divided into the following areas:
L.5
(1)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Menu bar
Base image segment
Viewing area
Parameter map segment (TTP and relMTT)
Control area
Status bar
(2) and (4) are the processing area.
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Loading images
L.5
You will select images and series in the Patient Browser that
you want to display or evaluate on the Perf MR task card.
L.5
You can choose single images as well as a series or complete
studies.
L.5
It is not possible to load images of different studies onto the Perf
MR task card.
L.5
L.5
N OT E
Perfusion analysis requires that the user have full access
rights to the patient data to be evaluated.
L.5
L.5
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Operator Manual
Loading images for evaluation
L.5
The analysis is typically performed using time-series of T2*weighted or T2-weighted single-shot echo-planar images. This
base image series may contain several hundred images
acquired in quick succession to provide a dynamic display (1
scan every 1 to 2 seconds over 1 to 2 minutes).
L.5
Requirements
L.5
For calculation of parameter images, suitable basic images are

grouped into a "volume block" and evaluated. These basic
images have to meet the following criteria:
L.5
same series block and table position

same FOV
same slice orientation
same matrix size
the slice position should not differ by more than one vector
orthogonal to the slice plane
same number of images for a slice position
Several "volume blocks" can be loaded in the basic image
segment. However, the only the volume block evaluated is the
one that contains the current image in the base image segment.
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Select the series.
Select Applications > Perfusion (MR).
Or
L.5
Drag and drop the required series into the processing area
of the Perf MR task card.
Or
L.5
The images are transferred to the Perf MR task card and automatically sorted into the segments of the processing area. L.5
Top left segment (base image segment)
anatomical images
Bottom left segment (parameter image segment)
TTP images and relMTT images
If you have already loaded these images into the viewing
area, a dialog box will let you decide whether to move these
images into the processing area.
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Operator Manual
Loading images for viewing
L.5
For example, you are able to load the diffusion images of the
study in the top right segment to view and compare the anatomy being evaluated.
L.5

Select the series and images you want to view.
Drag and drop the required series into the top right segment
(viewing area) of the Perf MR task card.
If you have already loaded these images into the processing

area, a dialog box will let you decide whether to move these
images into the viewing area.
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Viewing images
L.5
Series and images are always displayed as an image stack in

every segment of the Perf MR task card. You may scroll image
by image or series by series separately in each segment.
L.5
Scrolling gives you a general view of the scan, allowing you to
find a suitable basic image for positioning the "Region of Interest" (ROI).
L.5
You may optimize image display by various methods.
L.5
Automatic sorting of images
L.5
The image sort that applies in the Patient Browser does not
apply on the Perf MR task card.
L.5
On the Perf MR task card, images in the basic image segment
are sorted differently than in the other three segments.
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Operator Manual
Sorting in the basic

image segment
L.5
In the basic image segment, images are sorted independently

of series and image numbers. (The series and image numbering can be set by the user.)
L.5
The following applies to image-by-image scrolling:
L.5
The images are displayed in anatomical sequence.

Exception: If image copies are loaded, these will be displayed one after the other before reaching the anatomically
closest image.
The following applies to series-by-series scrolling:
L.5
The images of a slice position are displayed in the order of

the scan times.
Sorting in all the other

segments
L.5
The other segments sort the images by series or image numbers.

L.5
The following applies to image-by-image scrolling:
L.5
Series number
Image number
Time of image generation for image copies
The following applies to series-by-series scrolling:
L.5
Image number
Series number
Time of image generation for image copies
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Automatic sorting when

loading more images
L.5
You can load additional images onto the Perf MR task card
even though it already contains images.
L.5
These images are correctly sorted in the segments by image
type, subsequently series, and image number.
L.5
Scrolling images and series

Scrolling between
images
L.5
L.5
Scrolling image by image allows you to look for the slice position
that provides the best view of the anatomy to be evaluated. L.5
Use the dog ears in the top right corner of the image segments.
Page G.32, Scrolling.
Or
L.5

Or
L.5
Scroll using the Image- or Image+ key on the symbol keypad.
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Operator Manual
Scrolling series
by series
L.5
The image with the "best" slice position is in foreground. Scrolling series by series always shows the image with this slice position.
L.5
Scrolling series by series allows you to look for the scan time
with maximum vessel contrast in the bolus (vessel dark).
L.5

Or
L.5
Scroll using the Series- or Series+ key on the symbol keypad.

The series are displayed in the order of the scan times. The
images shown all have the same slice position.
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Optimizing image display
L.5
You can use the following methods:
L.5
Changing brightness and contrast (windowing)

Zooming/panning
Fit to segment size
Inverting grayscale values
Inserting an annotation
These actions are described in detail in the Viewing chapters.

Page G.51, 2D Evaluation
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Operator Manual
Calculating parameter images
L.5
The following parameter images may be calculated offline via

post-processing protocols:
L.5
TTP image
relMTT image
Select a post-processing protocol.
L.5
You determine the arterial input function (AIF) and set the time
ranges for evaluation.
L.5
You start the post-processing protocol.
L.5
You can assign suitable color coding to the calculated parameter images and optimize the window values.
L.5
Experienced users can edit the post-processing protocols.
L.5
Selecting a post-processing protocol
L.5
The last post-processing protocol to have been used is shown

in a selection list in the lower part of the control area.
L.5
Select the required post-processing protocol from the selection list.
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Calculating mean AIF
L.5
L.5
Arterial Input
Function (AIF)
L.5
The AIF is calculated from the time curve of the CA concentration. The measurement method used is the same as for the CA
concentration in tissue. The AIF is measured simultaneously
with the tissue concentration. It is calculated either in the same
slice as the CA concentration in the tissue or in a certain slice
of the block if two or more slices are used. This slice should contain sufficiently large vessels to prevent partial volume effects.L.5
Calculation of the relMTT involves deconvolution with the signal
time curve selected for the AIF. Reduced SNR of the basic
images will adversely affect the process maps and the AIF.
L.5
L.5
R E C O M M E N DAT I O N
Please do not use the relMTT images for diagnosis, basic
images are too low and/or head movements of the patient
are clearly visible.
L.5
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Operator Manual
You determine the mean AIF curve from the individual AIF
curves within an ROI (region of interest).
L.5
Look for a suitable basic image for positioning the AIF-ROI in
the top left segment.
Page L.510, Scrolling images and series
Click the Define AIF button in the control area.
Or
L.5
Select Tools > AIF.

An AIF-ROI is drawn in the basic image. The AIF curves are
shown for all pixels within the AIF-ROI above the top right segment (viewing area).
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Intensity
The AIF curves represent the change over time in the signal
intensity for each pixel in the AIF ROI. All AIF curves have the
same scaling and are therefore comparable.
Time
L.5
The position and number of AIF curves shown matches the

position and number of pixels in the AIF ROI.
L.5
The footer of the Step 1: Select AIF subtask card shows the
number of images used for determining the AIF.
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Operator Manual
Positioning an AIF ROI
L.5
To calculate the mean AIF, select pixels exhibiting a signal over

time curve that is typical of healthy arteries.
L.5
L.5
N OT E
Only personnel trained in perfusion diagnostics should
position the AIF-ROI and select suitable AIF curves to
calculate the mean AIF.
L.5
The AIF ROI should be located close to the profusion

anomaly.
Position the AIF ROI with great care!
L.5
L.5
over healthy arteries, such as the A. cerebri media, but also

over smaller arteries that are not explicitly recognizable as
vessels in the basic image.
L.5
Left-click the AIF ROI and drag it to its new position in the
basic image.
The associated AIF curves are displayed in the viewing area
when you release the mouse button.
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Selecting AIF curves
L.5
Select suitable AIF curves for determining the mean AIF.
L.5
AIF curves with a very low signal minimum may have a distorted
shape if the SNR of the associated pixel in the basic image is
too low. Do not use such AIF curves for evaluation.
L.5
Select the AIF curves in Step 1: Select AIF subtask card

(press the Ctrl or Shift key to select multiple items).
The selected AIF curves are displayed with a white background.L.5
The mean AIF curve in the control area is refreshed. It indicates
the arithmetic mean of the selected AIF curves.
L.5
The selection of AIF curves is retained until you move the AIF
ROI to another point in the basic image or until you select an
image outside the time series displayed.
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Operator Manual
Setting the time range
L.5
It is mandatory to set the time range for perfusion analysis.
L.5
Move Step 2: Set time ranges in foreground.
The mean AIF is enlarged. The Global Bolus Plot (GBP) is also
displayed.
L.5
You define the time range to be used for perfusion analysis. The
image range corresponds to the basic images to be used.
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Left-click on the right line and drag it to the end of the first
pass.
Left-click on the center line and drag it to the end of the base
line.
Left-click on the left line and drag it to the beginning of the
base line.
Observe the GBP curve. The bolus arrives in the tissue later
than in the vessel. Do not define the end of the first pass to
far left. The bolus in the tissue could be cut off.
Select the Confirm Time Ranges check box to confirm the
time range.
The Run protocol button in the lower control area is activated.
You are now ready to start the post-processing protocol.
L.5
0.0
L.520
Operator Manual
L.5
You have selected a post-processing protocol, calculated the

mean AIF, and set the time range. You are now ready to start
the calculation.
L.5
Click the Run protocol button in the lower control area.

Or
L.5
Select Protocol > Execute.

The post-processing protocol starts. The calculation runs in
background. The image post-processing job icon appears on
the status bar. The message "Calculation in progress - please
wait" is also shown.
L.5
Upon completion of the calculation, the parameter images calculated are displayed in lower left segment.
L.5
Images already loaded in the lower left segment are retained
and can be viewed via scrolling.
L.5
The top left segment shows the mean AIF with the time range
set in the basic image in addition to the AIF-ROI (reference
image).
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(1)
(2)
(1) Reference image

(2) relMTT image
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Operator Manual
Tracking post-processing
L.5
You are able to track image calculations in the Postprocessing

Queue dialog box.
L.5

The Postprocessing Queue dialog box is displayed.
L.5
L.5
You can stop the calculation of individual series if they are identified with the "active" status.
L.5
Select a job.
Click the Delete Job button.
Calculation will be stopped and deleted from the job list. No
images will be calculated.
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Changing the color display
L.5
The color display of parameter images may be defined via the

color palette. The color settings apply to all images loaded in
the parameter image segments.
L.5
Select the required color scheme from the selection list.

The color palette shows the selected color scheme. The color
display in the two lower parameter map segments is updated to
the color palette selected.
L.5
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Operator Manual
Windowing color
parameter images
L.5
Window the images in the parameter map segments using

the center mouse button.
The minimum and maximum values in the color palette are
adjusted to the current window values.
L.5
L.5
TIP
If optimal windowing is a problem in color parameter
images:
L.5
Display the parameter images first in black-and-white.

Window the black-and-white parameter images.
Subsequently display the parameter images in color
again.
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Storing and filming results
L.5
The calculated parameter images are automatically stored in

the database without a color palette.
L.5
You can recognize the automatically stored parameter image
series in the Patient Browser by the following designation:
[seriesnumber] ep2d_perf_parameterimagetype.
L.5
The image type of the parameter images is shown in the image
text to the left in the lower margin.
L.5
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Operator Manual
Storing selected images
L.5
You can store the reference image and select additional

parameter images.
L.5
Select the images explicitly.
Select Patient > Save As....
L.5
The selected images are stored with the color palette in a new
series or appended to an existing series.
L.5
Enter a unique name for the new series.
L.5
N OT E
lost.
L.5
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Parameter image series in

the Patient Browser
L.5
(1) Parameter images obtained "offline"; explicitly stored with

the color palette
(2) Parameter images obtained "offline"; automatically stored
without the color palette
(3) Parameter images obtained "inline"
(4) Original series; input for post-processing
L.5
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Operator Manual
Filming results
L.5
You may copy images to the film sheet, define film layouts, start
filming, and organize film jobs on the Perf MR task card.
Part O, Filming
L.5
Select the images you would like to transfer to the film sheet.
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Editing a post-processing protocol
L.5
A post-processing protocol contains a certain sequence of

post-processing steps. You can activate, deactivate, and configure the post-processing steps.
L.5
L.5
N OT E
Only experienced users should edit the
post-processing protocol.
L.5
Select the required post-processing protocol from the selection list.

Select Protocol > Edit.
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Operator Manual
The Edit Protocol dialog box opens.
L.5
The protocol displayed itself contains instructions on how to

edit.
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Saving changes under

the same name
L.5
User-defined post-processing protocols can be changed and

stored.
L.5
The selected post-processing protocol will be overwritten with
L.5
the new settings.
The Edit Protocol dialog box is closed.
L.5
Saving changes under a

new name
L.5
You can save changed Siemens post-processing protocols

under a different name. It is not possible to overwrite Siemens
post-processing protocols.
L.5
Click the Save As & Close button.

The Save As & Close dialog box opens.
L.5
Enter a file name.

A new post-processing protocol is created. The Edit Protocol
L.5
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
L.6
Soft Tissue
Evaluation MR
L.6
The Soft Tissue Evaluation (MR) dialog box provides the following options:
L.6
You can calculate new result images by combining loaded
images. This allows you to generate parameter images or
combined images.
You can edit the protocol parameters to suit your needs and
save them in the protocols used to calculate the parameter
images and combined images.
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Introduction
L.6
The result images are calculated in the Soft Tissue Evaluation

(MR) dialog box, selectable via the Patient Browser.
L.6
The Soft Tissue Evaluation can only process images from
the same series block acquired at the same table position. It
is only possible to load images of one study, i.e. of one
patient.
Soft Tissue Evaluation calculates the following results
images:
L.6
Parameter images
Combined images
Definitions
L.6
The image types used in Soft Tissue Evaluation are defined

as follows:
L.6
Anatomical image
An anatomical image is obtained during a patient exam. This
is then used as the basis for calculating parameter images.
Parameter image
Instead of anatomical information, a parameter image contains functional information. Using algorithms, it is generally
calculated based on anatomical images from several scans.
Combined image
This image is calculated by combining several parameter
images.
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Operator Manual
Access authorization to
the evaluation dialog box
L.6
Detailed information about access authorization is available in

Part Safety Standards.
Page B.15, Access Rights
L.6
If you do not have access to the data of a specific patient, that
patient's data will not be shown in the Patient Browser when you
are logged onto the system.
L.6
The following rules apply to activities in this dialog box:
L.6
The evaluation dialog box closes automatically on system

log-off. Any unsaved changes in a postprocessing protocol
are lost.
A query appears when changing the operator to one that
does not have access authorization to patient data, prompting you to terminate the operator change. If you do not want
to cancel the operator change, the activity will be terminated
and all data unloaded. The dialog box closes.
The dialog box remains open and changes to an operator
with access authorization to the data.
L.6
NOTE
lost.
L.6
L.6
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Calling up the evaluation dialog

box
L.6
Call the Soft Tissue Evaluation (MR) dialog box from the
Patient Browser.
L.6
The dialog box will open only if at least one series containing
anatomical images and/or parameter images is selected in
Procedure for selecting the evaluation dialog box:
L.6
Opening the Patient Browser

Select exam, series, or images
Opening the Patient Browser
L.6

The Patient Browser dialog box appears.
L.6
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Operator Manual
Selecting data
L.6
The required exam, series, or images are selected just as they

are when loading them onto a task card.
L.6
In this case, however, the calculations performed in the Soft
Tissue Evaluation (MR) dialog box depend on the data
selected.
L.6
Anatomical images in examinations or series are required to
calculate parameter images.
Parameter images in exams or series are used to calculate
combined images.
Select the exam, series, or individual images desired.
L.6
If the selected examinations or series contain anatomical

images or parameter images, you may select the evaluation
dialog box.
L.6
Select Applications > Soft Tissue (MR) from the Patient
Browser.
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Only one image type

available
L.6
If the examinations or series contain only images of one type

(anatomical images or parameter images), the dialog box
opens automatically. This also activates the subtask card relevant for evaluation of the loaded image type.
L.6
L.6
Image type
Associated evaluation/subtask card
Anatomical images
Calculate Parameter Map
Parameter images
Calculate Combined Image

L.6
NOTE
Only series containing magnitude images are taken into
account in anatomical series. Other series (e.g. other
modalities or compressed images) are automatically
filtered out when the dialog box starts.
L.6
They are not displayed in the list of anatomical series of the
Calculate Parameter Map subtask card. A message
indicates this when the dialog box starts.
L.6
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Both image types

available
L.6
If the series contains both anatomical images and parameter

images, the Select Data Type dialog box appears with a warning that mixed data selection has been detected:
L.6
Because only one image type can be calculated in the evaluation dialog box, you have to decide which evaluation you want
to give priority to. Load the images with the Anatomical or
Parameter Map buttons.
L.6
Loads anatomical images into the evaluation dialog box;

the Calculate Parameter Map subtask card is active.
Loads parameter images into the evaluation dialog box;
the Calculate Combined Images subtask card is active.
Click the button to start the required evaluation.
The evaluation dialog box opens; the subtask card for the
selected evaluation is automatically active.
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Layout of subtask cards
L.6
The layout of the two subtask cards is identical in the Soft Tissue Evaluation (MR) dialog box. Example: Calculate Parameter Map subtask card.
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(1) List of all anatomical series or parameter series available

in the currently loaded study.
For each series the list shows the Series No., the Series
Type, the Series Description, and the Number of images
contained and used.
(2) Display of the parameters of the selected postprocessing
protocol.
(3) Toolbar for selecting, storing, or deleting postprocessing
protocols.
(4) Status line for warnings about images not loaded.
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Calculating parameter images
L.6
Parameter images are obtained by selecting and running a

parameter image postprocessing protocol if the images meet
the following conditions:
L.6
Requirements
L.6
all slice positions and orientations are identical

all fields of view (FOV) are identical
all slice thicknesses are identical
all numbers of columns and lines (matrix) are identical
Additionally, several series of anatomical images have to be

loaded on the Calculate Parameter Map subtask card.
L.6
If all requirements are met, the parameter images are calculated.
L.6
Procedure for calculating

parameter images:
L.6
Selecting/Unselecting anatomical image series

Selecting postprocessing protocol
Editing protocol (optional)
Saving protocol data (optional)
Deleting customer protocols (optional)
Performing a calculation
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Selecting anatomical series
L.6
When you open the evaluation dialog box, the preselected

series are shown on the Calculate Parameter Map subtask
card.
L.6
The program compares the series previously selected in the
Patient Browser with other series of the same examination for
an identical number of "usable images".
L.6
All series that meet this condition are shown marked together
with the original series in the list of series in the dialog box. L.6
Series that do not meet this condition cannot be selected later
either.
The first image of the first selected series is the comparison
reference for usable images.
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You can use the preselected images for calculation. You also
have the following options:
L.6
You can deselect single series out of a preselection if you do
not want to include them in the calculation.
You can select completely new series. These have to have
the same number of usable images.
Unselecting series from

the preselection
L.6
Hold the Ctrl key down and unselect series you do not
require by clicking them.
The series no longer needed are shown marked in the list of
series.
L.6
Making a new selection
L.6
Click the required series in the list.

The previous preselection is now canceled. All series in the list
of anatomical series having the same number of "usable image"
as the selected series are automatically preselected.
L.6
You can also deselect unneeded series from this new preselection.
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Selecting postprocessing protocol
L.6
You require a postprocessing protocol for image calculation.

You can select the postprocessing protocol from the selection
list on the toolbar.
L.6
Both Siemens and user-defined customer protocols can be
organized in the selection.
L.6

The protocol parameters are displayed on the subtask card. If
necessary, you may change them prior to the calculation.
L.6
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Editing protocol parameters (optional)
L.6
For calculating parameter images the system organizes both

Siemens and user-defined customer protocols.
L.6
You can set the following evaluations in the protocols:
L.6
Wash - In Signal change in the starting range of the

dynamic measurement series
Wash - Out Signal change in the end range of the dynamic
measurement series
TTP Time to peak time elapsed before reaching the signal peak
PEI Positive enhancement integral area under a signal
intensity - time curve
MIP time Maximum intensity projection highest pixel
value in the measurement interval
The listed evaluations can be activated in check boxes. These
evaluations are either activated or not depending on the protocol selected.
L.6
Select or deselect the evaluation.

If an evaluation is deactivated in the protocol, the corresponding parameter image is not calculated in the evaluation.
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Wash - In
L.6
In the Wash - In setting area, you may change the parameters

for signal change in the starting range of the dynamic measurement series.
L.6
L.6
Parameters
Explanation
Color table
Color table assigned to the wash-in image obtained.
First measurement
First measurement that is used for calculation of the

wash-in image.
Last measurement
Last measurement that is used for calculation of the

wash-in image.
Highest value
Defines whether the highest value of the input

images should be considered in the "First
measurement - last measurement" interval for
calculating the parameter image instead of the value
from "Last measurement".
Set the Color table parameter in the combo box.

Set the First measurement and Last measurement in the
appropriate spin box.
Select or deselect the Highest value option.
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Wash - Out
L.6
In the Wash - Out setting area, you can change the parameters
for signal change in the end range of the dynamic measurement
series.
L.6
L.6
Parameters
Explanation
Color table
Color table assigned to the wash-out image obtained.
First measurement First measurement that is used for calculation of the

wash-out image.
Last measurement Last measurement that is used for calculation of the
wash-out image.
Set the Color table parameter in the combo box.
Set the First measurement and Last measurement in the
appropriate spin box.
TTP, PEI, MIP - time
L.6
In the TTP, PEI, and MIP - time setting areas, you can assign
color tables to the appropriate TTP, PEI, or MIP images.
L.6
Set a color table in the above setting areas using the corresponding combo box.
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L.6
When saving protocols you have to differentiate between:
L.6
Siemens protocols:
Changes may only be saved as new customer protocols.
Customer protocols:
Changes may be saved in the current protocol. The previous
settings are overwritten. You may also save the changes in
new customer protocols.
L.6
NOTE
If you do not save the data before a change in operators, a
message indicating that data have not been saved will
appear if the new user does not have the required read
rights. You may then decide whether to continue or cancel
the action.
L.6
Caution: If you go through with the action, the evaluation
dialog box will close and all settings made so far will be
lost.
L.6
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L.6
NOTE
lost.
L.6
L.6
L.6
Saving a new customer

protocol
L.6
You can save a postprocessing protocol that you have changed

as a new customer protocol at any time. If you change a writeprotected Siemens protocol, you must create a new customer
protocol. In this case, the Save button is deactivated.
L.6
Click the Save As button.

The Save Protocol as dialog box opens.
L.6
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Operator Manual
For changed Siemens protocols, a new name is automatically

suggested for the protocol in the text input box. You can either
accept this name or overwrite it with a new name.
Enter a name in the text input field or overwrite the suggested name.
The postprocessing protocol is stored as a new customer protocol.
L.6
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Overwriting an existing
customer protocol
L.6
If you do not want to create a new protocol having changed a

customer protocol, you can save the changes in an existing protocol.
L.6

A message box opens.
L.6

The existing customer protocol is overwritten.
L.6
L.6
NOTE
If you do not want to start calculation with the set protocol
parameters, you can close the dialog box with Cancel. L.6
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Operator Manual
Deleting customer protocol (optional)
L.6
Unlike Siemens protocols, customer protocols may be deleted

at any time.
L.6
Only a customer protocol that is currently active may be
deleted.
Mark the protocol to be deleted in the selection list.
A query is displayed:
L.6

The protocol is deleted from the list of parameter image protocols.
L.6
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L.6
After you have made all the necessary settings on the Calculate Parameter Map subtask card, you may start with the calculation.
L.6
Click the Evaluate button.
With the Cancel button, you can reject the changes made in
the dialog box and close the dialog box.
Calculation starts and the evaluation dialog box closes. The status of postprocessing is indicated on the status bar.
L.6
If protocol data are still unsaved when you start calculation, a
query asks if you want to save these data before the dialog
box closes.
L.6
TIP
While image calculation is in progress, you may define and
start further calculations. This requires selection in the
Patient Browser again. The individual calculations are
processed sequentially.
L.6
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After completing the calculations, the result images are automatically stored in the database and loaded onto the Viewing
task card.
L.6
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Calculating combined images
L.6
Combined images are obtained from combining previously

selected parameter images.
L.6
Requirements
L.6
The loaded images must meet the following conditions:
L.6
all slice positions and orientations are identical

all fields of view (FOV) are identical
all slice thicknesses are identical
all numbers of columns and lines (matrix) are identical
L.6
NOTE
Combinations are based on Wash - In, Wash - Out, TTP,
MIP, and PEI parameter images only.
L.6
If all requirements are met, the combined images are calculated.

L.6
Procedure for calculating combined images:
L.6
Selecting parameter image series

Selecting a combined protocol
Editing protocol (optional)
Saving a protocol (optional)
Deleting a customer protocols (optional)
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Operator Manual
Selecting a parameter image series
L.6
When you open the evaluation dialog box, the preselected

series are shown on the Calculate Combined Images subtask
card.
L.6
The program compares the series previously selected in the
Patient Browser with other series of the same examination for
an identical number of "usable images".
L.6
All series that meet this condition are shown marked together
with the original series in the list of series in the dialog box. L.6
Series that do not meet this condition cannot be selected later
either.
The first selected series is the comparison reference for
usable series.
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You can, of course, use the preselected images for calculation.

You also have the following options:
L.6
You can deselect single series out of a preselection if you do
not want to include them in the calculation.
You can select completely new series, which must then also
have the same number of usable images.
It is not possible to select several series of the same type.
Selecting a further series of the same type cancels the previous selection.
Unselecting series from

the preselection
L.6
Hold the Ctrl key down and unselect series you do not
require by clicking them.
The series no longer needed are shown marked in the list of
series.
L.6
Making a new selection
L.6
Click the required series in the list.

The previous preselection is canceled. All series in the list of
anatomical series having the same number of "usable image"
as the selected series are automatically preselected.
L.6
You can also deselect unneeded series from this new preselection.
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Selecting a combined protocol
L.6
You require a combined protocol for image calculation. You can

select the protocol from the selection list on the toolbar. Both
Siemens and user-defined customer protocols can be organized in the selection.
L.6

The protocol parameters are then displayed on the subtask
card. If necessary, you may change them prior to the calculation.
L.6
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Editing protocol parameters (optional)
L.6
For calculations of combined images the system organizes both

Siemens and user-defined customer protocols. You may modify
the parameters of these protocols at any time.
L.6
The parameters of a combined protocol are divided into:
L.6
Parameters for weighting the original images on generating

combined images.
Color palette that is appended to the combined image generated.
Correcting weighting
parameters
L.6
You may change the following main parameters after selecting

the corresponding series in the preselection:
L.6
Add Wash-In
Add Wash-Out
Add TTP
Add PEI
Add MIP
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L.6
NOTE
You may only change main parameters whose image series
is marked in the list of series.
L.6
Example: If no TTP image series is selected in the list, the
main parameter Add TTP is not shown on the parameter
card and settings are not possible.
L.6
For each main parameter you can set the following single
parameters separately:
L.6
L.6
Parameters
Effect on combined images
Weight
Weighting factor for a parameter image on combining the

images
Center
Contrast value with which the parameter image is to be

windowed for calculation.
Window
Brightness value with which the parameter image is to be

windowed for calculation.
Enter the new values in the spin box.

Or
L.6
Click with the left mouse button on the arrows of the spin box
to increase the value (up-arrow) or decrease the value
(down-arrow).
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Assigning a color table
L.6
The lower part of the setting area contains the Combine color
table selection list. This selection list is used to select the color
table to assign to the combined image.
L.6
Select the color table.
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L.6
When saving protocols you have to differentiate between:
L.6
Siemens protocols:
Changes may only be saved as new customer protocols.
Customer protocols:
Changes may be saved in the current protocol. The previous
settings are overwritten. You may also save the changes in
new customer protocols.
L.6
NOTE
If you do not save the data before a change in operators, a
message indicating that data have not been saved will
appear if the new user does not have the required read
rights. You may then decide whether to continue or cancel
the action.
L.6
Caution: If you go through with the action, the evaluation
dialog box will close and all settings made so far will be
lost.
L.6
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L.6
NOTE
lost.
L.6
L.6
Save the changed protocol as a new customer protocol.

Page L.618, Saving a new customer protocol
Or
L.6
Overwrite the changed customer protocol.

Page L.620, Overwriting an existing customer protocol
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Deleting customer protocol (optional)
L.6
Unlike Siemens protocols, customer protocols may be deleted

at any time.
L.6
Only a customer protocol that is currently active may be
deleted.
Mark the protocol to be deleted in the selection list.
A query is displayed:
L.6

The protocol is deleted from the list of combined image protocols.
L.6
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L.6
After you have made all the necessary settings on the Calculate Combined Image subtask card, you may start with the calculation.
L.6
Click the Evaluate button.
With the Cancel button, you can reject the changes made in
the dialog box and close the dialog box.
Calculation starts and the evaluation dialog box closes. The status of postprocessing is indicated on the status bar.
L.6
If protocol data are still unsaved when you start calculation, a
query asks if you want to save these data before the dialog
box closes.
L.6
TIP
While image calculation is in progress, you may define and
start further calculations. This requires selection in the
Patient Browser again. The individual calculations are
processed sequentially.
L.6
After calculations have been completed, the result images

(combined images) are automatically stored in the database
and loaded onto the Viewing task card.
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PART
Vessel View
M.0
M.1 Introduction
Calling Vessel View ....................................................... M.13
Vessel View task card .................................................... M.14
Volume image segment ............................................. M.15
Slice image segments ............................................... M.17
Control area ............................................................... M.18
Evaluation area .......................................................... M.19
Context menu .......................................................... M.110
Closing Vessel View .................................................... M.112
M.2 Loading and Displaying Images

Loading images .............................................................. M.22
Volume display............................................................... M.24
Modifying the VRT display ......................................... M.24
Switching to MIP display ............................................ M.28
Rotating a volume image ........................................... M.29
Orienting the volume image ..................................... M.210
Slice images ................................................................. M.211
Switching display modes ......................................... M.211
Enlarging the window .............................................. M.212
Scrolling through the slice image stacks ................. M.213
Rotating the slice image plane ................................ M.215
Orienting the slice image planes ............................. M.217
Zooming and panning images ................................. M.218
Windowing images .................................................. M.219
Configuring an image view ........................................... M.221
Saving and restoring the session ................................. M.225
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Contents
Vessel View
M.3 Defining Vessels

Removing unwanted parts of the image ........................ M.32
Defining a VOI ........................................................... M.32
Using clip planes ....................................................... M.35
Creating paths ............................................................... M.39
Semiautomatic path creation................................... M.310
Fully automatic path planning ................................. M.314
Manual path creation............................................... M.315
Managing paths....................................................... M.316
Processing paths ......................................................... M.317
Changing the course of a path ................................ M.318
Connecting paths .................................................... M.321
Defining vessels .......................................................... M.322
M.4 Evaluating Vessels

Setting vessel orthogonal orientation ............................ M.42
Generating axial vessel section images ........................ M.43
Measurements ............................................................... M.46
Measuring distances ................................................. M.47
Measuring curves ...................................................... M.49
Measuring areas ..................................................... M.411
Measuring angles .................................................... M.414
Object list ................................................................ M.416
Vessel navigator .......................................................... M.419
Rotating the longitudinal section about the
axis of the vessel..................................................... M.423
Evaluating a longitudinal section ............................. M.425
Stenosis evaluation with flags ................................. M.428
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Contents
M.5 Saving and Documenting Evaluations

Saving images ............................................................... M.52
Saving with defaults ................................................... M.52
Defining settings for image storage ........................... M.53
Generating a report ........................................................ M.55
Filming images ............................................................... M.56
Transferring images to the Viewing task card ................ M.57
Sending image data for graphic slice
positioning (GSP) ........................................................... M.58
Saving a sequence of actions to a movie file ................. M.59
Saving rotation of the view as a movie ........................ M.511
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Contents
Vessel View
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
M.1
Introduction
M.1
After generating a volume data during the examination, you

would like to review the blood vessels by using the Vessel View
program.
M.1
How to proceed
M.1
After you have started Vessel View and loaded the images,
select a suitable VRT parameter set to display the 3D volume
image. Subsequently obtain a general view of the data set using
either the freely rotatable volume image or three orthogonal
slice images views.
M.1
You can remove unwanted parts of the image from the volume
display by cutting out a Volume of Interest (VOI) and using clip
planes.
M.1
You can determine the centerline (path) of blood vessels to
accurately define them. Subsequently, you may use the Vessel
Navigator to prepare and analyze a longitudinal section through
the blood vessel. Evaluation of the stenoses is supported by the
vessel navigator through the use of special flags. You can generate a series of axial vessel section images to document a vessel or vessel segment and store them in the database.
M.1
For distance measurements (e.g. diameter), area measurements (e.g. cross-sections) or angle measurements, the Vessel
View functions provide you with the most suitable images. M.1
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Introduction
Vessel View
You can store the relevant images from your evaluation in the
database and send them to the Filming, Viewing, or Exam
task cards for further processing (e.g., graphic slice positioning). You can store automatic rotation of the volume or vessel
navigator view as a sequence of images. Vessel View also lets
you record sequences of actions in the volume segment. For
image documentation, the report generator prepares a table
of all objects created.
M.1
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Introduction
Calling Vessel View
M.1
The Vessel View task card is started from one of the task cards
M.1
Select Applications > Vessel View from the main menu.
The Vessel View task card will be displayed. At this point, no
images are loaded.
M.1
Sometimes it may not be possible to use Vessel View while
another task card is open. You are asked if you want to close
the other application.
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Introduction
Vessel View
Vessel View task card
M.1
The Vessel View task card is divided into the following areas:M.1
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Menu bar
Slice image segments
Control area
Evaluation area
Status bar
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M.14
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Introduction
M.1
The volume image segment shows the data in VRT or MIP display.
M.1
VRT display
M.1
MIP display
M.1
The volume rendering technique (VRT) shows the volume data

set as a 3D data set with transparency and color.
M.1
This display is suitable for showing VOIs.
M.1
You may swap the volume image segment with one of the
slice image segments, as required.
Page M.212, Enlarging the window
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Introduction
Orientation aids
Vessel View
M.1
In the volume image segment, you are able to move through the
volume as well as orient it, as desired. To this end, use one of
the following orientation aids:
M.1
(1) Bounding box: Edges of the loaded volume data set. You
can use the Configure menu to show and hide the delimitation (bounding box).
(2) Focus pointer: Marks the object or position last selected
in the volume. You can use the Configure menu to set the
size of the marking arrow.
(3) Orientation cube: Shows the current orientation of the volume data set and allows for rotation about the standard
axes.
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Introduction
Slice image segments
M.1
The three slice image segments to the left in the task card show
slice images in the MPR display. As an alternative, you may
switch the display to MIP, MIP thin slice, and MPR thick slice. In
the standard orientation, you will find the sagittal view in the
upper segment, the coronal view in the center segment, and the
axial view in the lower segment.
M.1
As an alternative, you may want to temporarily display a magnified slice image segment instead of the volume image segment.
Page M.212, Enlarging the window
Orientation aids
M.1
The slice image segments provide the following tools for positioning and orientation in the volume:
M.1
(1) Reference lines: Show the position and the viewing direction of the other two slice images.
(2) Orientation cube: Shows the current orientation of the
slice in the volume. (It is not possible to change the orientation with this orientation cube).
You can hide the reference lines by clicking a button if it is in
the way during evaluation.
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Introduction
Vessel View
Control area
M.1
The control area to the right in the task card contains the input
fields for selecting functions:
M.1
(1) General functions: Rotating images, undoing all steps performed, vessel orthogonal orientation, showing/hiding the
reference lines, zooming/panning images, segment
enlargement.
(2) Subtask card stack for setting the display mode (Type), orientation (Orientation), and view (Image) in the image segments.
(3) Subtask card stack for defining a volume of interest (VOI),
for using clip planes (Clip), and for replaying image
sequences and recording sequences of actions (Movie).
(4) Documentation functions for storing evaluation results, for
generating axial vessel section images and reports, and for
transferring images to the Filming (virtual film sheet) and
Viewing task cards.
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Introduction
Evaluation area
M.1
The lower part of the task card contains two subtask cards with
tools for defining and evaluating vessels.
M.1
(1) Measurements subtask card

with functions for defining vessels and measurement functions for the image segments.
(2) Vessel Navigator subtask card
with display and measurement functions for special views
of a vessel.
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Introduction
Vessel View
Context menu
M.1
The pop-up menu of Vessel View for the active segment is displayed when you right-click into an image segment. Depending
on the situation, the following menu items may be available:
M.1
Edit Path
Switches path edit mode on or off if a vessel path is selected.
Page M.318, Changing the course of a path
Zoom/Pan
Switches zoom/pan mode on or off.
Page M.218, Zooming and panning images
MIP Mode
Switches the MIP mode on/off for the volume image.
Page M.28, Switching to MIP display
Translucent
Starts transparent display of the vessels defined in the volume image.
Page M.317, Processing paths
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Introduction
Accept Contour
Accepts a contour suggestion in the lower slice image segment for area measurement.
This menu item is inactive if the slice image does not contain
a contour.
Page M.427, Measuring vessel cross-section
Edit Contour
Switches contour edit mode in the lower slice images segment on or off.
This menu item is inactive if the slice image does not contain
a contour.
Page M.413, Post-processing a contour
Freehand ROI
Switches draw mode in the lower slice images segment on
or off.
Page M.412, Draw contour
Send to GSP
Sends the image coordinates for graphic slice positioning.
Page M.58, Sending image data for graphic slice positioning (GSP)
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Introduction
Vessel View
Closing Vessel View
M.1
After completion of your evaluations in Vessel View, exit from

the application as follows:
M.1
Select Applications > Close Vessel View.
A system message asks whether you still have data to save.
This message always appears, whether you have saved or
not.
M.1
Click No if you do not want to save data.
The Vessel View task card closes and another task card moves
in foreground.
M.1
What to look out for when

logging off
M.1
If you do not close individual applications but log off the system
(e.g. with the Options > End Session menu item), please note
the following.
M.1
M.1
N OT E
When a user logs off, unsaved data are lost permanently.
M.1
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
M.2
Loading and Displaying

Images
M.2
First load the required volume data set from the Patient
Browser to Vessel View.
M.2
You can optimize the views by setting individual windowing values. For 3D display with Volume Rendering Technique (VRT),
Vessel View provides a number of predefined parameter sets
for selection.
M.2
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Vessel View
Loading images
M.2
Go to the Patient Browser to select the images and series you

want to process and analyze with Vessel View.
M.2
Press the Patient Browser button on the symbol keypad or
call the Patient > Patient Browser main menu.
Select the examination, series, or individual images needed
for vessel evaluation.
M.2
Drag and drop this selection into the Vessel View window.
Or
M.2
Click the Vessel View button on the tool bar of the Patient
Browser.
Or
M.2
Select Patient > Vessel View on the menu bar of the Patient
Browser.
If Vessel View is not open, the application will start automatically when you load the images.
M.2
If you have completed evaluation, close the data set again

with Patient > Close.
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Requirements
M.2
Prior to loading images, the system checks their suitability for

3D evaluation with Vessel View. The following requirements
have to be met:
M.2
Only one series at a time may be loaded.
This series must contain a minimum of three images.
All images have to be from the same patient.
All images must be parallel and acquired along one axis.
Each image have to have a different slice position.
The distance between two adjacent slices cannot exceed 5
times the average slice distance.
All images have to have been acquired within a period of 30
minutes.
The system informs you if you select unsuitable images or
series.
M.2
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Vessel View
Volume display
M.2
If you have loaded images onto the Vessel View task card, the
complete data set is initially shown as a 3D volume image in the
VRT display.
M.2
You can modify this view as required by assigning different VRT
parameter sets, or by switching to MIP display.
M.2
Modifying the VRT display
M.2
The VRT image display is a function of color, brightness, and

transparency. The VRT gallery contains various parameter sets
that affect the display of VRT images.
M.2
Vessel View uses the same VRT gallery as the 3D task card.
Chapter H.7, Volume Rendering Technique (VRT)
Assigning a parameter set
by hand
M.2
If the current VRT display is not suitable, select a more suitable

parameter set from the VRT gallery.
M.2
Select Type > VRT Gallery from the main menu.
Or
M.2
Right-click the VRT button on the Type subtask card on the

control area.
The VRT Definition & Gallery dialog box opens with the Gallery subtask card.
M.2
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Click the desired parameter set.

The VRT volume image is displayed including the respective tissue class parameters.
M.2
Edit the parameter set
M.2
If the existing parameter sets do not meet your requirements,

the characteristics of the VRT view can be changed individually.
M.2
It is easiest to modify parameters from a similar existing set.
You can either use the modified parameters for the current session or store them in the VRT gallery for subsequent evaluations.
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M.2
Vessel View
For a detailed description, please go to

Page H.710, Creating and editing parameter sets.
Select the parameter set in the VRT gallery that you want to
use as a starting point.
Switch to the VRT Definition subtask card on the VRT Definition & Gallery dialog box.
Adjust the transparency, brightness, color, and signal intensity value of each tissue class.
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You may change the position and inclination of the left edge
of the marked trapezoid by moving the mouse pointer in the
VRT volume image. For this purpose hold down the center
mouse button and move it up/down and/or to the left or right.
Page M.219, Windowing images
Save your changes as a new parameter set or overwrite the
current parameter set.
To delete a parameter set from the VRT gallery, select it from
the Preset list and click the Delete Preset button.
M.2
N OT E
Do not delete or overwrite the parameter sets until they are
no longer required for other images or series. Remember
that the VRT gallery is also used for the 3D task card. M.2
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Switching to MIP display
M.2
Maximum intensity projection (MIP) is used for displaying the

course of a vessel or the inflow of contrast agent. You can
switch the volume image segment from VRT mode to MIP mode
and vice versa.
M.2
Setting MIP mode
M.2
Select the volume image segment.

Select Type > MIP from the main menu or choose MIP Mode
from the pop-up menu.
Or
M.2
Click the MIP button on the Type subtask card of the control
area
The current settings of the VRT view will be saved and available
when you return to the VRT mode.
M.2
Returning to VRT mode
M.2
Select the volume image segment.

Select Type > VRT from the main menu or unselect MIP
Mode from the pop-up menu.
Or
M.2
Click the VRT button on the Type subtask card of the control
area
You are returning to VRT display. The saved settings of the VRT
view will be restored.
M.2
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Rotating a volume image
M.2
To set a suitable volume image for evaluation, use the mouse to

rotate the volume into position. To obtain an overview of the
entire volume, start automatic rotation.
M.2
Rotating using the

mouse
M.2
Automatic rotation
M.2
Grab the volume image with the mouse and drag it to the
desired location.
Automatic rotation continuously rotates the volume about its
vertical axis at a set rate.
M.2
Display the Movie subtask card in the control area.
Click this button to start automatic rotation.
Set the speed of rotation using the Speed slider.
Click the Stop button to stop rotation.

The view last set remains on the display.
M.2
You can export the image sequence of a 360 rotation by creating a movie file.
Page M.511, Saving rotation of the view as a movie
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Orienting the volume image
Vessel View
M.2
Use the orientation cube to display the volume image in one of

the standard viewing directions.
M.2
Click one of the sides of the orientation cube. This side will
be in foreground of the volume image:
L = Viewed from the left
R = Viewed from the right
A = Front view (Anterior)
P = View from the back (Posterior)
H = Caudal view (Head)
F = Cranial view (Feet)
Original display in front
view
M.2
You can also use the orientation cube to rotate an image into
the front view with the original size.
M.2
Double-click in the orientation cube.
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Slice images
M.2
As a rule you can use the MPR display in the slice segments of
Vessel View. Depending on your requirements, you can switch
to another display: MPR thick slice, MIP, or MIP thin slice.
M.2
You can optimize the views in the slice images segments for
your evaluation using the functions in the control area.
M.2
Switching display modes
M.2
You can set the display mode segment by segment on the Type
subtask card in the control area.
M.2
Select the respective slice image segment.
Select Type > MPR Thick from the main menu or click on
the button in the control area to switch to MPR Thick display.
Or
M.2
Select Type > MIP from the main menu or click the button in
the control area to switch to MIP display.
Or
M.2
Select Type > MIP Thin from the main menu or click the button in the control area to switch to MIP Thin display.
The slice image in the selected segment is recalculated.
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Slice thickness
M.2
Vessel View
The default value of the basic settings of Vessel View is used

as the slice thickness for display types MPR thick slice and MIP
thin slice. A right mouse click on the relevant button of the Type
subtask card opens the MPR Thick or MIP Thin dialog box
where you can set another slice thickness.
M.2
Detailed instructions are to be found on
Page H.530, Defining the MIP slice thickness (MIP Thin)
M.2
Enlarging the window
M.2
For detailed evaluation, you can display each image segment in

full-screen mode.
M.2
Select the image segment to be enlarged.
Click the Full Screen button in the control area.
Or
M.2
Double-click the image segment.

If it is a small image segment, it will change places with the
large image segment in the center of the task card.
If it is an image segment in the center of the task card, it will
be shown in full-screen mode.
If the segment is already shown full-screen, it is restored to
regular size in the center image segment.
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Scrolling through the slice image stacks
M.2
While the three-dimensional view in the volume image segment

shows the complete data set, the two-dimensional views in the
slice image segments show an image stack. Use the dog ears
or the reference lines to scroll through the stacks.
M.2
In vessel orthogonal orientation, the two upper slice images
stacks cannot be scrolled and the reference lines cannot be
moved.
Page M.42, Setting vessel orthogonal orientation
Scrolling with the
dog-ears
M.2
Only MPR, MPR Thick, and MIP Thin image stacks allow you to
scroll with the dog ears.
M.2
Click on the dog ear in the image stack to scroll back image
by image.
Or
M.2
Click the empty corner in the image stack to scroll forward

image by image.
Or
M.2
Press the Next image or Previous image key on your keyboard.
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Scrolling with the

reference lines
M.2
Vessel View
Move the mouse pointer to the intended reference line near

the image center and then move the line to the intended cut
position with the mouse.
The views associated with the reference lines will be updated.
M.2
Moving a plane of
intersection
M.2
A point in the volume may be simultaneously displayed in all

three slice planes by moving the plane of intersection to this
position.
M.2
Locate and click the position in the slice image.
Or
M.2
Locate and click the position in the volume image.

The slice image view will be updated. The landmark is at the
selected position in the volume image.
M.2
Two or three parallel slice image planes do not intersect.
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Rotating the slice image plane
M.2
You can rotate or tilt the image planes away from the standard
orientations.
M.2
Rotating and tilting slice image planes is not possible in vessel orthogonal orientation.
Page M.42, Setting vessel orthogonal orientation
Checking the preferred
orientation
M.2
You can ensure that the preferred orientation does not change
when you tilt and rotate the slice image planes.
Page H.325, Controlling image orientation
M.2
Click the Preferred orientation button on the Orientation
subtask card to activate the orientation check.
You can deactivate orientation control at any time.
Tilting
M.2
You can rotate the image plane of a slice image segment by

rotating its reference line(s).
M.2
Move the mouse pointer to the required reference lines at the
edge of the image and rotate the reference line about the displayed pivotal point using the mouse.
The view in the associated image segment will be updated.
M.2
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Rotating
M.2
Vessel View
The Rotate Images mode allows you to freely rotate a slice

image plane.
M.2
Click on the Rotate Images button in the control area.
The mode is activated.
M.2
If the Zoom/Pan mode is active, switch it off again.

To change the display, move the mouse pointer into the
respective slice image segment.
Click the image center, hold down the left mouse key and
drag the mouse in the required direction.
To deactivate Rotate Images mode, unclick the Rotate
Images button.
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Orienting the slice image planes
M.2
You may return all three slice image planes to standard orientations (sagittal, coronal, axial) via the mouse; you may also
return the images to standard orientation one at a time.
M.2
Returning to standard
orientation
M.2
Select Orientation > Default Orientation from the main

menu.
Or
M.2
Click the Basic Setting button on the Orientation subtask

Orienting the image

segment singly
Select the desired slice image segment.

M.2
Select the required view orientation under Orientation in the

main menu.
Or
M.2
Select the Orientation subtask card in the function area and

click the respective triangle.
The slice image view is updated.
M.2
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Vessel View
M.2
For improved detail recognition, zoom images and pan the area
of interest into the center of the segment.
M.2
Select Image > Zoom/Pan from the main menu or Zoom/
Pan from the pop-up menu.
Or
M.2
Click the Zoom/Pan button on the Image subtask card of the

control area.
Enlarging an image
M.2
Position the mouse pointer along the edge of the image.

Hold down the left mouse button and drag the mouse up or
down to zoom the image.
Panning an image
M.2
Center the mouse pointer in the image.

Hold down the left mouse button and drag the image to the
required position.
You can deactivate the Zoom/Pan mode the same way you activated it.
M.2
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Windowing images
M.2
Prior to starting the evaluation, you can change the window values of MPR and MIP images to an optimal display of the structures.
M.2
Single windowing
M.2
If you want to change the window values of a single segment,

just switch to the Single Windowing mode:
M.2
Click the Single windowing button on the Image subtask
You can deactivate the mode at any time.
M.2
M.2
Automatic windowing
M.2
You can call up window values stored for images with a button.M.2
Click the Window 1 or Window 2 button on the Image subtask card of the control area.
The image is displayed with the selected window setting.
M.2
You can automatically optimize the window values of images

without stored window settings.
M.2
Click the Auto Windowing button on the Image subtask
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Windowing using the

mouse
M.2
Vessel View
Click the image with the center mouse button and hold the
button down.
The mouse pointer disappears.
M.2
Drag the mouse pointer up or down to change the brightness

(window position).
Or
M.2
Drag the mouse pointer to the right or left to change the contrast (window width).
When you move the mouse pointer up/down or right/left in the
VRT volume image while holding the center mouse button
down, you are changing the individual parameters of the VRT
settings.
Page M.25, Edit the parameter set
Windowing using the
keyboard
M.2
You can also use the keys on your keyboard to fine-tune the
window values.
M.2
To change window values, select the respective image segment.
Press the Pos+ or Pos- keys to increase or reduce the
brightness.
Press the Width+ or Width- keys to increase or reduce contrast.
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Configuring an image view
M.2
The Configure menu allows you to enter basic settings for

working with Vessel View. You can switch the modes on (identified by a checkmark) or off.
M.2
You can change settings as required.
M.2
M.2
Activate/deactivate image
elements
M.2
You can switch image elements on or off using the Configure

menu:
M.2
Magnifier window
If Show Magnifier Window mode is activated, the surroundings of the mouse pointer are shown greatly enlarged in an
additional window located bottom right.
Measurements
If Show All Measurements mode is deactivated, the measurements made are no longer visible in the image segments. The measurements are automatically shown again
when you switch to a measuring mode.
Paths
If the Show All Paths mode is activated, the existing paths
are displayed in all image segments.
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Vessel View
Volume limits
If the Show Bounding Box mode is activated, the red
boundary lines are visible in the VRT volume image.
Slice images in the VRT volume images
If Show MPR in VRT mode is activated, the three MPR slice
images will be displayed at the appropriate positions in the
VRT volume image.
Flat ribbon MPR
If Show Ribbons in VRT is activated, a flat ribbon MPR is
displayed for each path in the VRT volume image.
Image text
If Show Image Text mode is activated, any existing image
texts will be displayed in the image segments.
Profile curve
If Show Profile Curve mode is activated, the profile curve is
shown in the axial slice image when working with the vessel
navigator. For a detailed description of the profile curve, see
Page M.422, Profile curve
To show or hide one of the image elements, select or unselect the appropriate option from the Configure menu.
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Zooms the marking arrow
M.2
The focus pointer can be shown in four different sizes or hidden.

M.2
Select the Focus Pointer Size option from the Configure

menu and the required setting from the submenu.
Expanding an object list
M.2
For area measurement, the object list displays not only the
cross-sectional area but also the minimum and maximum diameter, the equivalent diameter, and the average intensity. Additionally, the degree of stenosis is shown together with the relevant diameter ratio.
M.2
Select the Measurement List option in the Configure menu

and select the required measured value from the submenu.
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Defining a stenosis
curve
M.2
Vessel View
You can display two different types of stenosis curves in the

Vessel Navigator or hide the curve altogether.
M.2
Select the Vessel Navigator Curves option from the Configure menu and the required setting from the submenu.
Or
M.2
Unselect the two submenu items to hide the stenosis curve.

For a detailed description of stenosis curves, see
Page M.421, Stenosis curve.
M.2
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Saving and restoring the session
M.2
You can save the current status of the image series you have
been working on (including the objects and VRT settings made
so far) in the database and restore it later.
M.2
Saving the session
M.2
Select File > Save Session from the main menu.

The Save Session dialog box will open.
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M.2
Vessel View
Enter a name for the session in the lower input field.

Or
M.2
Select the session in the upper field to overwrite a stored

session.
Click Save.
The session data for the image series will be stored in the database.
M.2
Restoring a session
M.2
Select File > Load Session from the main menu.

The dialog box for loading a session opens.
M.2
Select the session you want to restore from the list and click
Load.
Vessel View returns to the status when the session was
saved.
M.2
Session data are restored only by loading the corresponding
image series.
Deleting a session
M.2
You can delete sessions you no longer need from the series in
M.2
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CHAPTER
M.3
Defining Vessels
M.3
After loading an image series, the complete data set will be displayed. You have a choice of evaluating certain areas of interest
only.
M.3
Vessel View provides tools that allow you to either remove
unwanted parts or enhance vessels. The resulting image information provides for efficient and reliable diagnosis.
M.3
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Defining Vessels
Vessel View
Removing unwanted parts of the

image
M.3
Cut out VOIs (volumes of interest) to remove unwanted image

parts from the volume display. Use clip planes to hide parts that
are covering relevant structures.
M.3
After determining the paths for the vessels of interest, the visible volume can be additionally fine-tuned.
M.3
The volume image changes after hiding parts of the image.
Slice images are not affected, however.
You will find further information about 3D-VOI mode on
Page H.56, Extracting a volume of interest (VOI).
Defining a VOI
M.3
You can remove three-dimensional areas from the loaded volume using the VOI cutting tools on the VOI subtask card. The
shape of the volume is freely-selectable.
M.3
The MIP mode is especially suitable for defining VOIs.
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Calling a VOI subtask

card
Defining Vessels
Display the VOI subtask card in the control area.

M.3
(1) Drawing tool for freehand VOIs

(2) Tool for tube-shaped VOI
(3) Fader for setting the transparency of the volume hidden by
semiautomatic or fully automatic segmentation
(4) Cutting tools for VOIs
M.3
VOI contour
M.3
You begin by drawing the shape of the VOI in the volume image.
The base shape will be punched through the volume in the
viewing direction when you complete the VOI.
M.3
It is not possible to draw a VOI contour in the slice image segments.
Orient the volume image for easiest tracing.
Click the Draw contour button to activate the Draw mode.
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Defining Vessels
Vessel View
Hold down the mouse button and draw the boundaries of the
desired volume.
Double-click to complete the contour.
If you want to erase the contour, just deactivate the draw

mode. The contour will then be deleted.
Punching out a VOI
M.3
Click the Include button to remove all voxels outside the contour.
Or
M.3
Click the Exclude button to remove all voxels inside the contour.
The VOI is cut out and draw mode deactivated.
M.3
To define more complex VOIs, draw several contours one

after the other, hiding the unwanted areas each time.
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Vessel View
Defining Vessels
Using clip planes
M.3
Six clip planes can be used to delimit the sides of the displayed
volume. You can use the clip planes by moving them between
the areas for evaluation and the hidden areas. Volume outside
the clip planes will be hidden. The interior, however, will be visible.
M.3
Clip planes are only active in the volume image.
Subtask card Clipping
M.3
Select the Clip subtask card in the control area.
(1) Activating/deactivating clip planes

(2) Resetting clip plants to their home position
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Defining Vessels
Showing clip planes
Vessel View
M.3
You display clip planes to be able to move them in the volume

image segment.
M.3
Click the clip planes that you want to use on the Clip subtask
card.
The selected clip planes are highlighted in the volume image
and on the Clip subtask card.
M.3
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Panning
Defining Vessels
M.3
To hide unwanted outer parts of the volume, just move the clip
plane into the volume.
M.3
Click in the required clip plane in the volume image and hold
the mouse button down.
To move the selected plane upward or farther away, drag the
mouse pointer up.
Or
M.3

mouse pointer down.
You can move all visible clip planes as a group by moving the
mouse while holding the Ctrl key down.
Tilting
M.3
You can use the four edge points to tilt a clip plane about its center.
M.3
Drag the edge point selected to tilt the plane in the desired
direction.
You can tilt all visible clip planes as a group by moving the
mouse while holding the Ctrl key down.
Rotating
M.3
You can freely rotate a clip plane.
M.3
Hold the Shift key down.

Grab the clip plane with the mouse and drag it to the desired
location.
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Defining Vessels
Hiding clip planes
Vessel View
M.3
Click the highlighted clip planes on the Clip subtask card to

hide them again.
M.3
N OT E
All clip planes are still active. The effect of clip planes on the
volume image depends on their position only, not on
whether they are visible or not.
M.3
M.3
Resetting
M.3
Click the button on the Clip subtask card.

All clip planes return to their original position. You will see the
M.3
complete volume again in the volume image segment.
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Vessel View
Defining Vessels
Creating paths
M.3
Lines, known as paths, trace the blood vessels for display and
evaluation.
M.3
Paths can be created in different ways:
M.3
Semiautomatic path creation

Mark the start, end, and branch points of the vessel to be
defined and start the semiautomatic segmentation algorithm.
Fully automatic path creation (MR images only)
You can start the automatic segmentation algorithm. The
vessel tree will be calculated (if necessary, limited to a VOI).
Manual path creation
Manually position all path points for a blood vessel and let the
system calculate the smoothed connection line.
The paths created are shown in the object list on the Measurements subtask card.
M.3
You can use the Fader to partially or completely re-show a
volume that is hidden by semiautomatic or fully automatic
segmentation.
Page M.312, Fader
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Defining Vessels
Vessel View
Semiautomatic path creation
M.3
Semiautomatic path creation is quite often the method of choice

for creating paths. The process can be limited to certain blood
vessels. All seed points can be set automatically, with the
exception of the end and branch points.
M.3
Display the Measurements subtask card in the evaluation
area.
Click the Semi Auto Segmentation button.
Or, if another tool is in the first position:
M.3
Click on the arrow of the first button and select the Semi
Auto Segmentation item from the menu that opens.
The dialog box for controlling semiautomatic path creation
opens.
M.3
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Landmarks Setting
Defining Vessels
M.3
The algorithm now expects input of at least two landmarks.
M.3
Position a landmark at the beginning and end of the path via

the left mouse button.
Position the individual landmarks in the most suitable image
segment. In many cases this will be the volume image rather
than one of the slice images. When you are not setting points,
you are free to scroll through the views, rotate, or enlarge
them. You can move or delete landmarks that are already set.
You can delete the landmark last set with the Undo button in
the dialog box.
If you want to identify branched d vessels, position a landmark where the branches join.
Segmentation
M.3
To start segmentation, click the Start button.

The segmentation algorithm automatically finds the vessel limits and determines the vessel centerline (path).
M.3
When you segment branched vessels, a separate path will be
created for each branch.
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Defining Vessels
Vessel View
After segmentation, the transparency is set to 85% (translucent

mode) in the VRT settings to make the paths more visible in the
volume image. For how to activate and deactivate this mode
manually, see
Page M.317, Translucent.
M.3
Fader
M.3
Parts of the volume hidden by segmentation have not actually

been deleted from the data set. They have been hidden by the
fader. You can alter the fader setting to a transparency value
between 0 (= hidden completely) and 100 (= shown completely). If you set an intermediate value, the hidden areas will
appear faded.
M.3
Display the VOI subtask card in the control area.
Drag the Fader to the right to increase visibility of the hidden
areas.
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Repeated segmentation
Defining Vessels
M.3
You can use semiautomatic path creation on a previously segmented data set. In this case, the volume defined by the latest
segmentation is added to the volume parts already defined. All
volume parts hidden by vessel segmentation are temporarily reshown while you set the landmarks.
M.3
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Defining Vessels
Vessel View
Fully automatic path planning
M.3
Fully automatic path creation defines the entire vessel tree. The
automatic segmentation algorithm can only be applied to MR
Data Sets.
M.3
Limit the volume to be evaluated to one VOI to increase the
efficiency of fully automatic segmentation.
area.
Click the Automatic Segmentation button.
M.3
Click on the arrow of the first button and select the Automatic Segmentation item from the menu that then opens.
Segmentation will run completely automatically. Paths are created along the vessel tree and tissue that is not part of the vessel tree is hidden.
M.3
After segmentation, the transparency is set to 85% (translucent
mode) in the VRT settings to make the paths more visible in the
volume image.
For how to activate and deactivate this mode manually, see
Page M.317, Translucent.
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Defining Vessels
Manual path creation
M.3
For manual path creation, you need to set all path points by
hand. How well the path represents the actual course of the
blood vessel depends on the number as well as accuracy used
in positioning the path points.
M.3
Manual path creation is not connected with a segmentation
algorithm. No volume parts are hidden.
area.
Click the Manual Path Creation button.
M.3
Click on the arrow of the first button and select the Manual
Path Creation item from the menu that then opens.
The dialog box for controlling manual path creation opens.
M.3
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Defining Vessels
Setting path points
Vessel View
M.3
You can use all image segments for setting path points.
M.3
Set your path points at the beginning of the vessel and wherever the vessel changes course.
The path line will be drawn in immediately. Based on the characteristics of the tissue, the program automatically calculates
the depth of a point set in the volume.
M.3
To complete path creation, click on the Apply button.
Create a tube-shaped VOI to expose the vessel with the path.
Page M.322, Defining vessels
Switch to translucent mode to make the path more visible in
the volume image.
Page M.317, Translucent
Managing paths
M.3
The object list on the Measurements subtask card shows each

path with a unique name. You can change the name of a path,
store notes on each path, or delete paths you no longer need.
For a detailed description of object management, see
Page M.416, Object list.
M.3
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Defining Vessels
Processing paths
M.3
The Measurements subtask card contains tools that allow you

to edit paths at any time. You can change the course of a path
as well as connect paths.
M.3
Translucent
M.3
If you have created paths with a segmentation algorithm, the

transparency is automatically set to 85% in the VRT settings
(translucent mode). That way, the paths in the volume image
are easily visible because they are no longer concealed by the
surrounding contrast agent. If this mode is no longer active or if
you want to edit a manually created path, activate it manually:M.3
Select the Translucent option from the pop-up menu.
The vessel is now translucent and you can see the paths
inside.
M.3
Changing the current VRT parameter set in the VRT Definition & Gallery dialog box automatically and immediately
deactivates the translucent mode immediately.
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Defining Vessels
Vessel View
Changing the course of a path
M.3
Activate the editing mode when you want the course of a path.
You can change the position of the path by moving, inserting, or
removing path points.
M.3
Activating the editing

mode
M.3
Select the path to be edited in the volume image or object

list.
The selected path will be shown in color in the volume image.M.3
In the slice images that are not perpendicular to the path, visibility of the path line depends on the position of the image
plane. The closer the path line is to the image plane, the
brighter it appears.
M.3
Click the Edit path button on the Measurements subtask
card.
Or
M.3
Select the Edit path option from the pop-up menu for the
selected path.
The path points are now visible.
Volume image view
Slice image view

not vessel orthogonal
M.3
Slice image view

vessel orthogonal
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Slice image vessel

orthogonal
Defining Vessels
M.3
If the lower slice images is perpendicular to the path (vessel

orthogonal orientation), the path line with path points is not visible; only the point of intersection of the path with the image
plane is shown as a small cross. You can move this intersection
point with the mouse. The path is updated automatically:
M.3
the path lines goes through the new intersection point,
the position of the neighboring path points is adjusted,
a new path point is inserted if necessary.
Direct movement, insertion, or deletion of path points is not possible in the vessel orthogonal slice image.
M.3
For a description of the vessel orthogonal orientation, see also
Page M.42, Setting vessel orthogonal orientation.
M.3
Inserting path points
M.3
Adding path points increases the number of changes in direction. This allows you to adapt the path even more precisely to
the vessel curvature.
M.3
Set a new path point at the appropriate position in the image
with a mouse click.
The path line opens between the two closest points and is
recalculated accordingly.
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Defining Vessels
Moving path points
Vessel View
M.3
Click directly on the path point in the volume image and drag
it to the desired position using the mouse.
Or
M.3
Move the mouse pointer up to the required point in a slice

image.
M.3
Hold the mouse button down and drag the point to the new
position.
The path line will be adjusted automatically.
M.3
Deleting path points
M.3
You can delete either incorrectly set or superfluous path

points.
M.3
Click the path point you want to delete in the volume image
or one of the slice images.
The selected path point changes color in all image segments.M.3
Press the Del key on the keyboard.
The path point will be deleted and the path line is recalculated.M.3
The path changes when you delete a point where the direction changes significantly. The path will change to a straight
line between adjacent points.
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Defining Vessels
Connecting paths
M.3
You first have to link the paths before you can evaluate a vessel
comprising different paths. The result is a new continuous path
that does not affect the original paths.
M.3
Using the new path, you can apply single path functions to the
entire course of the vessel.
M.3
The paths to be linked do not have to be contiguous.
Selecting paths
M.3
Click the first path to be linked in the object list.

Hold the Ctrl key on your keyboard pressed and click the
second path to be linked.
You can never link more than two paths together with one linking operation.
Connecting
M.3
Click the Connect button.

A new, continuous path will be created from the two marked
paths and entered in the object list. The name for the new path
is automatically created from the two original paths.
M.3
If the two linked paths are not contiguous, the gap will be
bridged by the shortest connecting line.
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Defining Vessels
Vessel View
Defining vessels
M.3
After you have defined the course of the vessel with paths, you
can either define or remove vessels as a tubular VOI. For that
purpose, define the tube radius required for calculating the tube
with the path as the center line.
M.3
The vessel tube will be displayed with a semi-transparent surface in the volume image. The tube is not visible in the slice
image segments.
M.3
Example
M.3
M.3
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M.322
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Displaying a vessel tube
Defining Vessels
M.3
Mark the path in the object list or volume image.

Click the Tube Mode button on the VOI subtask card of the
control are to display the vessel tube.
As soon as you switch to another subtask card or the path is no
longer selected, the button is automatically deactivated and the
vessel tube is hidden again.
M.3
Changing the tube radius
M.3
You can select any radius between 0 and 50 mm for the vessel
tube.
M.3
Set the required radius using the arrow buttons.
Or
M.3
Overwrite the current radius in the input box and confirm it

with the Enter key.
Exposing / removing
M.3
Click the Include button to expose the vessel tube.

Or
M.3
Click the Exclude button to remove the vessel tube.
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Defining Vessels
Vessel View
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
M.4
Evaluating Vessels
M.4
Vessels are evaluated on the basis of meaningful images. You

can use the vessel orthogonal orientation of the slice images
segments for navigation in the vessel and document vessel with
a series of axial sectional images.
M.4
Measurements
M.4
Various measurement tools are provided for quantitative image

evaluations.
M.4
The following measurements are possible:
M.4
Distances from the image structures in the plane and in

space
Lengths of vessels (curve lengths)
Cross-sections of vessels
Angles
You may perform measurements in all image segments or in the
Vessel Navigator.
M.4
Annotations
M.4
You can mark interesting or conspicuous areas of the image

with an annotation text. The annotations are managed in the
object list together with the paths and measurements.
M.4
Vessel navigator
M.4
The Vessel Navigator displays and evaluates longitudinal sections of blood vessels. The vessel navigator supports evaluation
of stenosis using special flags.
M.4
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Evaluating Vessels
Vessel View
Setting vessel orthogonal

orientation
M.4
To evaluate a vessel, you can automatically orient the slice

image planes on the vessel path by setting vessel orthogonal
orientation. In this orientation, the slice image plane is perpendicular to the vessel path and shows the vessel cross-section.
The path is shown by a cross in this case. The center and upper
image planes are perpendicular to the lower image and to each
other.
M.4
If you scroll the lower slice image stack with the dog-ear in this
orientation, you will move backward or forward along the blood
vessel.
M.4
In vessel orthogonal orientation, the two upper slice images
stacks cannot be scrolled and the reference lines cannot be
moved.
Select the path of the vessel from the object list or the volume
image.
Click the button in the Vessel Orthogonal in the control
area.
If you have created a new path, the slice image segments are
automatically set in the orthogonal vessel orientation.
To deactivate vessel orthogonal orientation, click the Vessel
Orthogonal button.
The slice image planes are no longer automatically oriented on
the vessel path and can be freely moved again.
M.4
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M.42
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Evaluating Vessels
Generating axial vessel section

images
M.4
You can document a defined vessel with a series of axial vessel

section images in MPR format. The first image is placed perpendicular to the vessel axis at a freely selectable path point. All
other images are generated at defined intervals along the vessel axis. The images are saved in a new series.
M.4
image.
Click the Axial Cuts button in the lower section of the control
area.
The Axial Cuts dialog box is opened with default settings. A
symbolic preview of the section image series is shown in the
volume image: Small borders along the vessel path identify the
positions of each section images.
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Evaluating Vessels
Vessel View
(1) Starting: Path position from which the section images will
be generated.
(2) End: Path position up to which the section images will be
generated.
(3) Interval between images: Fixed interval between adjacent section images.
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Changing settings
Evaluating Vessels
M.4
If the defaults for the starting position, end position, and image
interval are not suitable for your diagnostic problem, change the
settings in the Axial Cuts dialog box before generating the sectional images series. The starting and end position are defined
in millimeters from the beginning of the path.
M.4
Drag the left slider handle to the required start position.
Drag the right slider handle to the required end position.
If you want to change the starting and end position by the
same amount, move the slider using the middle handle.
Type the interval between images.
The graphic display of the section image planes in the volume
image is updated. The number of images automatically results
from the distance between the starting and end position and the
image interval.
M.4
Check the section image positions on the symbolic preview
in the volume image and correct the settings, if necessary.
Creating axial cuts
M.4
Click Start.
The axial MPR section images are calculated and stored in the
database as a series. The dialog box closes and the symbolic
preview disappears from the volume image.
M.4
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Evaluating Vessels
Vessel View
Measurements
M.4
You can use the measurement tools on the Measurements

subtask card in the slice images segments and in the volume
segment. However, for measurements on vessels that are
already defined, the special views and functions of the vessel
navigator are often more suitable.
M.4
Selecting the
measurements subtask
card

area.
M.4
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Tools for creating paths

Tools for editing paths
Object list
Measurement tools
Annotation text in the volume image
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M.46
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Evaluating Vessels
Measuring distances
M.4
As a first step, set the start and end points of the distance to be
measured in a slice image or in the volume image.
M.4
The vessel navigator is especially suitable for measuring vessel diameters.
Page M.425, Measuring vessel diameter
Click the Straight Distance Measurement button on the
Measurements subtask card.
Distance measurement mode is activated.
M.4
After you have successfully completed a distance measurement, the mode will be deactivated automatically. As an alternative, you can manually deactivate the mode by clicking the
button again or by selecting another tool.
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Evaluating Vessels
Entering measurement
points
Vessel View
M.4
Set a suitable view in a three slice image segment or in the

volume segment.
Click on the starting point and then on the end point of the
distance to be measured.
Or
M.4
Drag out the line to be measured in the slice image holding

the mouse button down.
The distance and value measured are shown in the volume
M.4
image and, if necessary, in the slice image.
M.4
Post-processing a distance
measurement
M.4
If necessary, you can post-process a distance measurement. M.4

Select the measurement from the object list.
The image views switch to the position of the measurement.
M.4
Move the measurement points to be corrected to the

required position with the mouse.
The measurement is updated.
M.4
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Evaluating Vessels
Measuring curves
M.4
Curve measurements are used to determine the length of a

path segment taking its curvature into account.
M.4
The total length of a path and therefore the associated vessel
is given in the object list.
Page M.416, Object list
You will usually use the vessel navigator for curve measurement because it allows especially easy setting of measurement
points.
Page M.426, Measuring the length of a vessel segment M.4
However, you can also make curve measurements in the volume image.
M.4
Activating curve
measurement
M.4
Click the Curved Distance Measurement button on the

Measurements subtask card.
The curve measurement mode is now active.
M.4
Setting measurement
points
M.4
Click the starting point of the curve measurement in the volume image.
Click the end point of the curve measurement.
The shortest distance between the two points is calculated. The
curve measurement is put in the object list and shown in the volume image. Measurement mode remains active for a follow-on
curve measurement.
M.4
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Evaluating Vessels
Follow-on curve
measurement
Vessel View
M.4
You can continue the curve measurement from the measurement point last entered:
M.4
Click the end point for the next measurement.
The new curve measurement is put in the object list and shown
in the volume image.
M.4
Ending curve
measurement
M.4
Unclick the Curved Distance Measurement button.
Post-processing a curve
measurement
If necessary, you can post-process a curve measurement.

M.4
M.4

M.4

M.4
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Evaluating Vessels
Measuring areas
M.4
You can evaluate diagnostically relevant areas using a contour

in the axial slice image.
M.4
Use the Accept Contour function in the vessel navigator to
measure vessel cross-sections. For area measurements, apply
the vessel contour at a path point.
Page M.427, Measuring vessel cross-section
M.4
Alternately, you can make an area measurement without using
a path. Manually draw a contour in the axial slice image.
M.4
Measurement values
The following measurement values are calculated and displayed in the image together with the contour:
M.4
Area content,
Minimum diameter,
Maximum diameter,
Average intensity.
The cross-sectional area is always displayed as a measured

value in the object list. The minimum and maximum diameter,
the equivalent diameter, and the average intensity can be
shown and hidden in the object list via the Configure menu. M.4
The equivalent diameter is the diameter of a circle of the
same area content as the vessel cross-section.
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Evaluating Vessels
Draw contour
Vessel View
M.4
Set a view suitable for the intended area measurement in the

axial slice image segment.
Click the Freehand ROI button on the Vessel Navigator
subtask card.
Or
M.4
Select the Freehand ROI option from the pop-up menu.

Draw mode is activated.
M.4
Draw the contour in the slice image using the mouse.

Double-click to complete the contour.
The contour is evaluated and the area measurement is entered
in the object list. Draw mode is deactivated automatically.
M.4
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M.412
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Post-processing a contourM.4
Evaluating Vessels
The Contour mode allows you to edit an existing contour. The

associated measurement values are recalculated automatically.
M.4
Click the Change Contour button.
Or
M.4
Select the Edit Contour item from the pop-up menu.

Counter edit mode is now active.
M.4
Click on the slice image next to the contour (inside or outside), drag the tool to the contour with the mouse button
pressed, moving the line into position.
Or
M.4
Click the contour point to be changed and move it into position with the mouse button pressed.
Click the Accept Contour button to finish editing.
The measured values are updated and editing mode is deactivated.
M.4
If you deactivated the contour edit mode manually, editing is
canceled and the changes are not accepted.
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Evaluating Vessels
Vessel View
Measuring angles
M.4
Set three measurement points in the image segments for angle

measurement: the apex and one point for each leg of the angle.
M.4
Click the Create an Angle button on the Measurements

subtask card.
The angle measurement mode is now active.
M.4
After you have successfully completed an angle measurement, the mode will be deactivated automatically. As an alternative, you can manually deactivate the mode by clicking the
button again or by selecting another tool.
Setting measurement
points
M.4
You can set the measurement points in different image segments. First set a suitable image view.
M.4
Click the end point for the first side.
Click the apex.
Click the end point for the second side.
The angle is calculated and the angle measurement is put in the
object list. The legs and the angle measurements are displayed
in the VRT volume image.
M.4
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M.414
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Post-processing angle
measurement
Evaluating Vessels
If necessary, you can post-process an angle measurement.

M.4
M.4

M.4

M.4
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Evaluating Vessels
Vessel View
Object list
M.4
The paths, measurements, and annotation texts created during

a session are entered in the object list on the Measurements
subtask card. The list shows the objects with their name, object
symbol, measured value, and possibly a comment.
M.4
You can change the column width of the measurement list

using the mouse.
Object hierarchy
M.4
Indented list items are not independent objects but flags or

measurements that are linked to the higher-level path. The
measured values refer to a certain point on the associated vessel.
M.4
0.0
M.416
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Object types
Evaluating Vessels
M.4
Newly created objects are put in the object list with a objecttype-identifying symbol and name.
M.4
M.4
Symbol + autom. generated name
Object type
Meas. value(s)
PathXY
Path
Path length in mm
Normal A,
Minimum
Normal B
Flag
Vessel cross-sectional area in mm,

Min. / max. vessel diameter in mm,
Diameter of the equivalent circular area in mm
RatioXY
Degree of stenosis
Meas. value ratio(s) of the minimum flag to the

normal flag acc. to NASCET criteria
DistanceXY
Distance
measurement
Distance in mm
CurvedXY
Curve measurement
Curve length in mm
AreaXY
Area measurement
Area in mm,
Min. / max. area diameter in mm,
Diameter of the equivalent circular area in mm,
Mean intensity in HU, if applicable
AngleXY
Angle measurement
Angle size in
AnnotationXY
Annotation text
In the Configure menu, you can set which measured values

of an area measurement or flag are shown in the object list.
Page M.223, Expanding an object list
M.4
If you select a measurement from the object list, the image

views automatically switch to the position of this object (only the
volume view switches in curve measurement). The object is
highlighted in the view.
M.4
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Evaluating Vessels
Renaming an object
Vessel View
M.4
Click the object you want to rename in the object list.

Click the object name.
The object name is now shown in color and you can change it.M.4
Enter the new object name via the keyboard and press the
Enter key.
The names of measured values, e.g. MeanInt of an area measurement, cannot be changed.
Notes
M.4
To store notes about an object, use the Note column in the

object list.
M.4
Click the object you want to comment on in the object list.
Click on the note text.
The text is now shown in color and you can change it.
M.4
Enter the new text via the keyboard and press the Enter key.
Notes cannot be entered for individual measured values.
Deleting an object
M.4
Go to the object list to delete obsolete objects to keep the list

uncluttered.
M.4
Click the object to be deleted from the object list.
The object is deleted from the data set and the object list with
all the elements linked to it if you confirm the safety query. Sessions and reports already stored are not affected by deletion. M.4
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Evaluating Vessels
Vessel navigator
M.4
The vessel navigator calculates a longitudinal section through a

vessel along the path and displays the associated MPR section
image or MIP projection image.
M.4
MPR view
M.4
The longitudinal section is calculated with a special procedure.

Both, the curvature of the vessel as well as the rotation of the
vessel about its own axis are traced. The results is a so-called
flat ribbon MPR.
M.4
MIP view
M.4
Instead of the flat ribbon MPR, you can also display an MIP
image of the vessel. This MIP image is acquired perpendicular
to the flat ribbon to provide a view that takes account of the curvature and torsion of the vessel.
M.4
Calling the vessel

navigator
M.4
image.
Display the Vessel Navigator subtask card in the evaluation
area.
The flat ribbon MPR will be calculated and displayed.
M.4
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Evaluating Vessels
Functions
Vessel View
M.4
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Functions for area measurement

Selection key for number of flags
Rotator for rotating the longitudinal section
Measurement functions
Stenosis curve
Flat ribbon
Width of the flat ribbon
You can zoom, pan, and window the view in the Vessel Navigator identical to the views in the slice image segments.
Page M.218, Zooming and panning images
Page M.219, Windowing images
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Stenosis curve
Evaluating Vessels
M.4
The stenosis curve provides an overview of the shape of the

vessel, which helps you find medically relevant locations along
the vessel. Two different types of display are available.
M.4
Cross-sectional area display
The stenosis curve is the cross-sectional area along the vessel. For stenosis the curve is extremely low, for aneurysms it
is extremely high.
Diameter display
Three different diameter curves are displayed:
Curve of the vessel diameter maxima,
Curve of the vessel diameter minima,
Diameter curve of the circle with the same cross-sectional
area as the vessel cross-section.
The less the three curves differ at a point along the vessel,
the more the vessel cross-section resembles a circle.
How to set the required display mode:
M.4
Select the Vessel Navigator Curves option from the Configure menu and the required setting from the submenu.
If you deselect both submenu items, no stenosis curve is displayed.
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Evaluating Vessels
Profile curve
Vessel View
M.4
When working with the Vessel Navigator, you can display the
profile curve in the axial slice image:
M.4
Select the Profile Curve option from the Configure menu.
The cut line of the flat ribbon with the image plane shows the
position of the flat ribbon in the vessel. The profile curve shows
the signal intensities along this cut line. The larger the interval
between the curve point and the line, the higher the signal
intensity.
M.4
Setting the width of

the flat ribbon
M.4
You can change the width between the upper and lower edge of
the flat ribbon to adjust the vessel view to your requirements. To
hide superfluous vessel surroundings, reduce the width. If less
then the full vessel width or too little of the vessel surroundings
are shown, increase the width.
M.4
Overwrite the current width in the input box and confirm it
with the Enter key.
The view is updated.
M.4
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M.422
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Setting MIP view
Evaluating Vessels
M.4
You can switch display modes in the vessel navigator in the

same way as in one of the image segments.
M.4
Select Image type > MIP Thin from the main menu or click
on the button in the control area.
The vessel is displayed in MIP thin mode with the defined slice
thickness.
M.4
Right-click the button to open the MIP Thin dialog box where
you can set a different slice thickness.
Page H.530, Defining the MIP slice thickness (MIP Thin)
Rotating the longitudinal section about the

axis of the vessel
M.4
For an overview of the visible vessel section, rotate the image

plane about the axis of the vessel in the Vessel Navigator. As
an alternative, you can use this feature to optimize the view for
special evaluations. The rotation can be performed manually or
automatically.
M.4
Manual rotation
M.4
Using the rotator, you can rotate the image plane manually in 5
increments for MPR view and in 45 increments for MIP view.M.4
Turn the wheel up or down with the mouse until the correct
view is set.
The current angle of rotation is displayed next to the rotator.
M.4
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Evaluating Vessels
Automatic rotation
Vessel View
M.4
You can also have the image plane rotated automatically. In

MPR mode, you will then see a sequence of longitudinal sections rotated in steps of 5.
M.4
Display the Movie subtask card in the control area.
Click this button to start rotation.
The image plane is rotated continuously and the images are
displayed one after the other.
M.4
Set the speed of rotation using the Speed slider.
Click the Stop button to stop rotation.

The image last visible is displayed again.
M.4
You can export the image sequence of a 360 rotation by creating a movie file.
Page M.511, Saving rotation of the view as a movie
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M.424
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Evaluating Vessels
Evaluating a longitudinal section
M.4
In the vessel navigator you can trace the longitudinal section

along the vessel and measure the vessel.
M.4
Tracing a longitudinal
section
Trace the longitudinal section by moving the marking arrow.

M.4
M.4
Drag the focus pointer in the desired direction using the

mouse or click on the desired position in the vessel navigator
view.
Or
M.4
Scroll the axial slice image in the required direction.

Or
M.4
Click on the required path position in the volume image.

If you have activated a measurement mode, you will not be
able to move the focus pointer.
Measuring vessel
diameter
M.4
The vessel navigator allows you to measure distances perpendicular to the vessel axis, for example, the diameter of a vessel.M.4
Click the Straight Distance Measurement button.
Click the start point of the distance to be measured, drag the
mouse to the end point, and release the mouse button.
A perpendicular line will be drawn. The measured value is displayed next to the line and entered in the object list.
M.4
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M.425
Evaluating Vessels
Measuring the length of a

vessel segment
Vessel View
M.4
The length of the vessel between two measurement points

along the path is determined by curve measurement.
M.4
Click the Curved Distance Measurement button.
Click the starting point in the center of the vessel and then
the end point of the measurement.
Or
M.4
Drag a line from the starting point to the end point of the
measurement with the mouse.
The length of the corresponding path segment is calculated and
put in the object list as a curve measurement. Measurement
mode remains active. You can continue the curve measurement
from the measurement point last entered.
M.4
Click the end point for the next measurement.
The new curve measurement is put in the object list.
M.4
Unclick the Curved Distance Measurement button to end

curve measurement.
0.0
M.426
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Measuring vessel crosssection
Evaluating Vessels
M.4
If you move slice image views orthogonal to the vessel, a vessel

contour is drawn in the axial segment. You can apply this automatically generated contour to area measurements in the vessel navigator.
M.4
Switch on orthogonal vessel orientation, if not already active.
Move the focus pointer to the point to be measured on the
vessel.
The axial slice image is updated.
M.4
If the suggested contour does not meet your requirements,

draw a new contour or edit the contour.
Click the Accept Contour button.
An area measurement is created and linked to the path. The
vessel navigator view shows the area measurement as a vertical line.
M.4
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M.427
Evaluating Vessels
Vessel View
Stenosis evaluation with flags
M.4
To evaluate stenosis, measure the cross-sectional area of the

vessel within and behind the stenosis and compare the values.
The vessel navigator automatically prepares a stenosis evaluation by calculating the suitable measurement points and marking them with flags.
M.4
(1) Flag A before the stenosis (normal A)

(2) Minimum flag
(3) Flag B after the stenosis (normal B)
Defining the number of
flags
M.4
The vessel navigator lets you define how many flags will be set
on the path:
M.4
no flag if you do not want to perform a stenosis evaluation for
a vessel,
two flags (minimum flag and flag A) or
three flags.
Click the arrow of the Flags button and select the required
item in the list that opens.
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Moving flags
Evaluating Vessels
M.4
For optimum flag positioning, move the flags manually.
M.4
Drag the flag into position with the mouse.

You can also move flags in the volume image.
Evaluating a stenosis
M.4
Switch on orthogonal vessel orientation, if not already active.

Select flag A.
The contour suggested for the cross-sectional area is shown in
the axial slice image.
M.4
If the suggested contour does not meet your requirements,
draw a new contour or edit the contour.
Click the Accept Contour button.
The measured values of the flag are determined and shown in
the object list. The flag is now fixed and can no longer be
moved.
M.4
Evaluate the minimum flag and, if necessary, flag B in the
same way.
The cross-sectional area of the flags is compared and the result
is shown as a degree of stenosis in the object list.
M.4
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M.429
Evaluating Vessels
Vessel View
M.4
If you have configured this option under Configure > Measurement list, the object list also shows the ratios of min./
max. diameters and the ratio of the equivalent diameters in
the object list.
In the vessel navigator view, you can recognize the evaluated
flags by their rectangular marking. The degree of stenosis is
shown at the stenosis.
M.4
M.4
Evaluating further
stenosis
M.4
Displaying stenosis
M.4
Once all flags have been entered, the object list is shown with
the measurement results on the Measurements subtask card.
The flags are released again immediately. You can use them to
evaluate further stenosis of the vessel.
M.4
If you select a degree of stenosis in the object list, the flags
return to their position at the time of measurement. That allows
you to re-display the measured values on which the degree of
stenosis is based.
M.4
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
M.5
Saving and Documenting

Evaluations
M.5
Vessel View allows you to store images and evaluation results

and export them for further use at any stage.
M.5
To save the current state of evaluation with all image views and
objects, you can store the entire session in the database. For
details, see
Page M.225, Saving and restoring the session.
M.5
You can create and store a series of parallel sectional images
of vessels for documentation purposes.
Page M.43, Generating axial vessel section images
M.5
After this initial save, you determine if you want to update the
existing series with new image data or create a new series
instead. The report generator lets you save a report as a table
in the database.
M.5
To film (copy) images, transfer them to the Filming task card
where you may send images to the camera or printer.
M.5
You can also transfer images to the Viewing task card or to the
Exam task card for graphic slice positioning.
M.5
To document a sequence of actions, record the actions in the
volume segment and store them in a movie file. You may store
the sequence of automatic rotation images in the volume or
vessel navigator view as a series in the database or as a movie
file.
M.5
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Saving and Documenting Evaluations
Vessel View
Saving images
M.5
Images may be saved in an existing or in a new series.

M.5
Saving with defaults
M.5
Use the Save button to store images and series together with
their default values.
M.5
The settings made by you the last time under the Save As
dialog box are still valid.
Select the respective image segment view.
Select Patient > Save As from the main menu.
Or
M.5
M.5
Click the Save button in the lower control area.
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M.52
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Defining settings for image storage
M.5
To check the storage settings before each save and make any
necessary changes, proceed as follows:
M.5
Select the respective image segment view.
Select Patient > Save As... from the main menu.
Or
M.5
M.5
Click the Save as button in the lower control area.

M.5
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M.53
Saving images
Vessel View
M.5
Use the Save all images in one series and Group all images
by type option buttons to set whether all images will be stored
in a single new series or in separate series for each display
mode.
M.5
The names of new series are entered in the associated combo
boxes.
Page H.123, Defining setting when saving
M.5
Select the required save option and series name.

Confirm with OK to save the images.
Additional information
M.5
Enter the name of the reporting physician or select a name

Enter a comment about the images.
0.0
M.54
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Generating a report
M.5
The report generator outputs all measurement data as a synoptic table. This provides you with an overview of all paths and
measurements generated by you.
M.5
Table overview
M.5
Click the Create Report button in the control area.

The report generator creates a two-part overview:
M.5
The Measurements list sorts all measurements according to

type.
The Component Description table contains a list of all
objects you have created with the stored notes.
The overview is automatically stored in the local database as a
new series.
M.5
You can load the overview into the Viewing task card via the
Patient Browser or transfer them to the Filming task card for
printing.
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M.55
Vessel View
Filming images
M.5
You can transfer the current slice images, the volume image, or
the view in the Vessel Navigator to the virtual film sheet or to a
printer at any time.
M.5
If you want to film or print images of a measurement, select
the measurement from the object list. It will then be displayed
in all image segments.
Select the image segment view you want to transfer to the
film sheet.
Select Patient > Copy to Film Sheet from the main menu or
click the respective button.
Or
M.5

Depending on the film layout selected, the images are transferred directly to the camera or to the printer. Or they remain on
the Filming task card for processing until you manually send
the images to the camera or printer.
M.5
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M.56
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Transferring images to the Viewing

task card
M.5
After Vessel View, you can transfer images to the Viewer for
2D-processing or evaluation.
M.5
Select the image segment whose view you want to transfer
to the Viewer.
M.5
Click the Copy to Viewer button in the control area.

The images will be transferred to the Viewer for additional processing.
M.5
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M.57
Vessel View
Sending image data for graphic

slice positioning (GSP)
M.5
Vessel View lets you transfer image data to the Exam task card
for graphic slice positioning. The transferred coordinates are
then automatically used for scanning the next slice.
M.5
It is only possible to transfer coordinates of MPR images.
Example
M.5
For example, to evaluate a stenosis, you can set the vessel

orthogonal MPR view at the stenosis position and transfer the
image to the GSP. On the Exam task card, you can then immediately start plaque or flow measurement without having to plan,
orient, and position the slice first.
M.5
Transferring image data
M.5
M.5
Select the slice image segment with the image data to be

transferred.
Select menu item Send to GSP from the pop-up menu.
The image coordinates are transmitted.
M.5
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M.58
Operator Manual
Vessel View
Saving a sequence of actions to a

movie file
M.5
You can document procedures by recording the actions performed in a volume segment. This creates an avi movie file that
you can play back outside Vessel View on any multimedia software.
M.5
Set the required starting view in the volume segment.
Open the Movie subtask card in the control area.
M.5

The Save File As dialog box will open.
M.5
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M.59
Vessel View
Enter a name for the movie file.
Select the Record VRT interaction to AVI file item from the
Save as selection list.
Click Save.
The dialog box closes and recording starts.
M.5
Perform the actions to be recorded in the volume segment.

M.5
M.5
You may use the Pause button to interrupt recording briefly

and then resume it.
Click the Stop button to stop recording.
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Operator Manual
Vessel View
Saving rotation of the view as a

movie
M.5
You can store automatic rotation of the vessel navigator view

and automatic rotation of the volume as an image sequence.
You can define whether to save the images in a new series in
the database or in an avi movie file on the hard disk.
M.5
An avi movie file can be replayed on other systems using any
multimedia software.
The image sequence in the vessel navigator is obtained by
rotating the image plane (flat ribbon) about the vessel axis.
Page M.423, Rotating the longitudinal section about the
axis of the vessel
M.5
The image sequence in the volume segment is obtained by
rotating the volume about its vertical axis.
Page M.29, Rotating a volume image
M.5
Determining movie
content
Select the volume segment if you want to rotate the volume.

M.5
Or
M.5
Select the vessel navigator if you want to save the vessel

view rotation.
Open the Movie subtask card in the control area.
M.5

The Save As dialog box will open.
M.5
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M.511
Vessel View
Enter a name for the image sequence.

Storing in the database
M.5
Select the Save 360 rotation to database item from the

Save as selection list.
Or
Saving to a movie file
M.5
M.5
Select the Save 360 rotation to AVI file item from the Save
As selection list.
Select the number of images with the slider.

The maximum number of 72 images results in the smallest
viewing angle interval of 5 between two consecutive images.M.5
Click Save.
The dialog box closes and the image sequence is stored.
M.5
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M.512
Operator Manual
PART
Composing
N.0
N.1 Introduction
Starting and quitting composing ..................................... N.13
N.2 Image selection and reconstruction

Selecting series for reconstruction and
starting reconstruction .................................................... N.22
Reconstruction ............................................................... N.23
Requirements, tests, and corrections ........................ N.23
The reconstruction algorithm ..................................... N.25
Important notes .......................................................... N.27
Reconstruction ......................................................... N.211
Adjusting the reconstruction manually ......................... N.212
Select the image position to be shifted .................... N.214
Setting the pixel number for the shift ....................... N.214
Shift the images in a slice relative to
each other ................................................................ N.215
Shifting relative to each other .................................. N.217
Display ..................................................................... N.218
Returning to automatic positioning .......................... N.219
N.3 Viewing images

The Composing task card .............................................. N.32
Image segments ........................................................ N.34
Displays in images ..................................................... N.36
Text information in images ........................................ N.38
Control area ............................................................. N.310
Loading and displaying images .................................... N.311
Loading images for reconstruction .......................... N.312
Composite image/volume or single
image/volume .......................................................... N.312
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Contents
Composing
Modifying image display ............................................... N.314

Layouts..................................................................... N.315
Switching between full image and overview............. N.317
Selecting single layout ............................................. N.319
Selecting single with original .................................... N.320
Selecting double layout ............................................ N.321
Switching between blend mode and cut mode......... N.323
Scrolling through composed volumes ...................... N.326
Scrolling through a single volume ............................ N.327
Scrolling the slice image stack ................................. N.328
Selecting an image section / navigating
in the detailed image ................................................ N.329
Switching image text on/off ...................................... N.331
Switching graphics on/off ......................................... N.332
Image display / Windowing ...................................... N.334
Additional display modes ......................................... N.335
N.4 Evaluations
Notes .............................................................................. N.42
Availability of graphics functions ................................ N.42
Format of the composite images ................................ N.42
Special evaluations ........................................................ N.43
Graphics functions .......................................................... N.44
Annotating images ..................................................... N.45
Drawing circles and lines/polygons ............................ N.49
Drawing arrows ........................................................ N.410
Additional graphics functions ................................... N.411
Evaluations for the spine and pelvis ............................. N.412
Important notes ........................................................ N.412
Determining spinal curvature
(scoliosis angle according to Cobb) ......................... N.414
0.0
N2
Operator Manual
Composing
Contents
Drawing the scoliosis angle ..................................... N.415

Changing drawn angles ........................................... N.417
Determining the kyphosis angle of a vertebra ......... N.419
Drawing kyphosis angles ......................................... N.420
Changing drawn angles ........................................... N.421
Measuring deviation of the spinal column
from the vertical ....................................................... N.422
Drawing lines ........................................................... N.423
Changing the lines ................................................... N.425
Measuring the difference in height .......................... N.427
Drawing the difference in height .............................. N.428
Modifying the drawn differences in height ............... N.429
N.5 Saving and documenting images

Saving images ............................................................... N.52
Copying images to the clipboard .................................... N.55
Filming images ............................................................... N.57
Sending images ............................................................. N.59
Closing the patient ....................................................... N.511
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Contents
Composing
0.0
N4
Operator Manual
CHAPTER
N.1
Introduction
N.1
You have obtained several overlapping volume data sets from a

tomographic examination and want to combine them into overview images. For this purpose, use the Composing task card.N.1
Application
N.1
Reconstruction
N.1
Visualization
N.1
Measurements
N.1
You could, e.g., generate overviews of the spinal column.
N.1
Once you have started Composing, load the series with the
Patient Browser. The overview images are reconstructed
(composed).
N.1
The Composing task card allows you to display the original,
detail, and reconstruction images in various layouts, compare
two reconstruction images for evaluation of dynamic processes,
and film the results in various layouts.
N.1
You can then perform measurements:
N.1
Basic functions: circle, distance, angle, freehand ROI (line,

polygon), arrow
Extended orthopedic functions: scoliosis angle according to
Cobb, kyphosis angle, vertical distance measurement, difference in height
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N.11
Introduction
Composing
WA R N I N G
The overviews obtained with the Composing task card
cannot be used for therapy planning (e.g. surgical interventions) or diagnosis (e.g. segmental instabilities).
N.1
Danger of incorrect diagnoses
N.1
Base diagnoses on original images.
N.1
N OT E
You, the user, are responsible for correct selection of the
original images for reconstruction and, if necessary, manual
adjustment of the image edges.
N.1
Reconstructed images differ from the original images with
respect to image information, especially at the image
transitions. For this reason, reconstructed images of bones
and vascular structures are not always suitable for
diagnosis.
N.1
When transmitting one or several reconstructed images
through the network or on a data medium, please inform the
recipients of the above facts.
N.1
0.0
N.12
Operator Manual
Composing
Introduction
Starting and quitting composing
N.1
N.1
Calling Composing
N.1
The Composing task card is started from one of the task cards
N.1
You can only start up the Composing application if you have
purchased and installed the license.
In the main menu, select Applications and then the menu
item Composing.
The Composing task card opens.
N.1
If this results in more than the maximum number of task cards

being opened, close one of the other task cards first.
Closing Composing
N.1
If you no longer require the Composing application, close the

task card again.
N.1
In the main menu, select Applications and then the menu
item Composing.
The Composing task card will be closed. Another task card is
moved into foreground.
N.1
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N.13
Introduction
Composing
0.0
N.14
Operator Manual
Image selection and

reconstruction
CHAPTER
N.2
N.2
Reconstruction is started by selecting series from the Patient

Browser. When you load images to the Composing task card,
they are checked by a number of criteria and then combined
into overview images.
N.2
Manual correction
N.2
If in exceptional cases the slice images are not correctly composed, manually position the images in a slice position or the
slices relative to each other.
N.2
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N.21
Composing
Selecting series for reconstruction

and starting reconstruction
N.2
If series of images that are suitable for reconstruction are in

your local database, select the series for reconstruction using
Chapter D.3, Transferring Data to other Applications
N.2
Selecting a study
N.2
Click a study containing suitable series.
Selecting a series
N.2
Click a suitable series.

Hold down the Shift key to select a series of consecutive
series.
Hold down the Ctrl key to select a series of single series.
Confirming selection
N.2
As soon as you have selected the series, transfer it to the Composing task card.
N.2
Select Applications > Composing from the menu of the
Patient Browser.
Or
N.2
Drag the selection with the mouse into the image area of the
Composing task card (drag&drop).
0.0
N.22
Operator Manual
Composing
Reconstruction
N.2
Requirements, tests, and corrections

Requirements
N.2
N.2
The selected images have to meet the following prerequisites

for reconstruction with Composing.
N.2
N.2
Criterion
Description
Image type
Only MR images acquired with syngo MR are permitted.
Panoramic table move
Scanning was performed with table move.
Database storage
All images (or series of images) belong to one study.

All images of a volume come from one series.
Slice thickness
The slice thickness is identical for all images.
Pixel distance = FoV / matrix size
The pixel distance is identical for all images.
Slice distance
The images have the same slice distance within a volume.
Series block
All images are part of the same series block.
Image orientation
If the images are acquired in the coronal direction (main direction), only an
inclination from coronal to axial is permitted
(max. 5 for MR images, max. 45 for SC images).
Images with an inclination from coronal to sagittal with reference to the first
volume are rejected (max. tolerance 1).
If the images are acquired in the sagittal direction (main direction), only an
inclination from sagittal to axial is permitted
(max. 5 for MR images, max. 45 for SC images).
Images with an inclination from coronal to sagittal with reference to the first
volume are rejected (max. tolerance 1).
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syngo MR 2006T
N.23
Test of image
orientation
N.2
Composing
The image orientation is tested in various contexts. The first test

involves the identity within a volume, resulting in a volume orientation.
N.2
Subsequently, the volume orientations are tested against the
patient coordinate system and against each other, taking the
main orientation into account (acquisition in the coronal direction or acquisition in the sagittal direction).
N.2
The test reference for image orientation is either the first image
of the volume or the first volume of all volumes.
N.2
Distortion correction
N.2
Before images are composed, they may have to be geometrically corrected. The images are first checked to see if they are
already corrected.
N.2
If they are not, they are corrected now. In this case, a relevant
message is shown in the status bar.
N.2
The corrected images are stored in a new series each time.
N.2
0.0
N.24
Operator Manual
Composing
The reconstruction algorithm
N.2
When images have been selected for the reconstruction, the

software of the Composing task card searches for similar
structures in the overlapping areas of the single images.
N.2
Automatic alignment
N.2
The single images are shifted until the best alignment is

achieved.
N.2
Manual alignment
N.2
In the rare cases when transition areas have not been optimally
reconstructed by the computer, you can adjust them manually.
Proceed by shifting the image part below the transition edge relative to the image part above the transition edge until the best
alignment is achieved in the overlapping area.
N.2
The first time you perform manual alignment, a dialog box
appears with a warning.
Original images
N.2
In certain cases, for example, when diagnosing bone structures, it will be necessary to use the original image information.
For this purpose, you may use either the single images or a special display mode, the Cut mode (Hard image transitions).
With the latter, the images are joined at the cut lines without
overlapping. This displays an overall image with the unchanged
information of the single images.
N.2
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N.25
Composing
Image 1
Image 1
Image 2
Interpolated
areas
Image 3
Blend mode
(Soft image transitions)
Example
Image 2
Image 3
Cut mode
(Hard image transitions)
N.2
0.0
N.26
Operator Manual
Composing
Hardcopy
N.2
Overviews and single images may be output on a hardcopy

camera or paper printer on the Filming task card.
N.2
Important notes
N.2
The reconstruction algorithms detect similar salient features in

the images to be joined and match them to one another.
N.2
N.2
N OT E
Before using a composite image to support a diagnosis,
visually verify the image match using the original images
with an appropriate resolution. No matter how reliable the
match between the single images may appear, only visual
verification by the physician using the original images can
ensure diagnostic accuracy of the image positions relative
to one another. Use the View > Single with Original
function to compare the composite image with the original
images.
N.2
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N.27
Same volume position
N.2
Composing
If a volume is selected that was acquired at the same position,

reconstruction will not be performed.
N.2
Select only volumes with different acquisition positions for
reconstruction.
Volumes that do
not overlap
N.2
Selecting volumes that do not overlap will result in reconstruction "gaps". Reconstruction is performed. Missing areas are
shown in black in the composite images.
N.2
Select overlapping volumes for reconstruction.
Manual alignment of the image edges is no longer possible.
Too many images
N.2
If volumes are selected with too many images, reconstruction

will no longer be performed.
N.2
Pay attention to the number of images during selection.
0.0
N.28
Operator Manual
Composing
Transition does
not match
N.2
If one or more transition areas between images are not correctly recognized by the reconstruction algorithm, a message
appears after reconstruction.
N.2
Transition areas that do not match exactly are marked with a

red triangle.
The words "Insufficient match!" are displayed at the bottom of
the image.
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
N.29
N.2
Composing
Check the marked transition areas.

N.2
N OT E
The text Insufficient match! is an image text that can be
hidden.
N.2
Make sure that the image text is displayed for diagnoses.
If you are transferring or passing on one or several composite images through the network or on data medium,
inform the recipient that the image text has to be displayed.
User change
N.2
If the new user has access rights to the images loaded in Composing, Composing remains fully available.
N.2
If reconstruction is in progress when the user changes, Composing is blocked for the new user until reconstruction has
been completed.
N.2
If the new user does not have rights for the current patient, the
images are automatically unloaded.
N.2
If Composing is busy with reconstruction on a user change, the
content of the Composing task card is blacked out (i.e. the task
card is black).
N.2
The new user must close Composing and start it again to continue working.
Page B.263, Setting up the Privileges for a Role or a UserN.2
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Operator Manual
Composing
Reconstruction
N.2
Reconstruction starts with the transfer of the series to the Composing task card.
N.2
The Composing task card is placed in foreground.
N.2
A window opens showing the progress of reconstruction.
N.2
While Composing is blocked when composition is in

progress, it is possible to switch to other task cards.
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N.211
Composing
Adjusting the reconstruction

manually
N.2
Normally, all parameters required for image reconstruction are

determined automatically.
N.2
In rare cases, you might find that the automatic algorithm does
not provide optimum results. In this case, you may manually
determine the position of the images relative to one another
(shifting pixels).
N.2
N.2
N OT E
If you make manual changes and therefore modify the
reference parameters, you may find that graphics drawn in
the composite image are no longer valid and have to be
redrawn.
N.2
In the case of a saved and reloaded composite image, the

position of the single images may be changed only if the original images are still available.
N.2
N OT E
As the user, you are responsible for correct manual
adjustment of the reconstruction and the conclusions for
diagnosis drawn from it.
N.2
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N.212
Operator Manual
Composing
Tools
N.2
The tools for manual positioning can be found on the Manual

subtask card of the Composing task card.
N.2
(1)
(1) Position number (position of the orientation mark)
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N.213
Composing
Select the image position to be shifted

First, select the image in the series you want to shift:
N.2
N.2
Double-click the required position in the overview image (on

the right).
The position of the image edge to be corrected is identified with
the orientation mark in the detailed image (on the left).
N.2
The position number is displayed.
Page N.36, Displays in images
N.2
Setting the pixel number for the shift
N.2
For subsequent corrections you can set the number of pixels

per mouse click in the Image menu.
N.2
You can use one of the following values: 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30,
40, 50, 100, 200 pixels
N.2
When you start the system, 3 pixels per mouse click is the
default setting.
N.2
Select Image > Manual Adjustment to enter your chosen
number of pixels, if necessary.
With each mouse click the image is shifted by the number of
pixels set during correction.
N.2
The setting remains the same until you change it again or
restart the system.
N.2
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Operator Manual
Composing
Shift the images in a slice relative to each

other
N.2
You can now shift the image identified with the orientation mark.
The image is shifted, as well as all subsequent images relative
to the images above the marked image.
N.2
The topmost image cannot be shifted.
N.2
N OT E
The shift should be performed in Cut mode (hard image
transitions) because the pixel shift is easier to see in this
mode.
Page N.323, Switching between blend mode and cut
mode.
N.2
Moving up/down
N.2
Click the up or down arrow once or repeatedly.

The images below are moved up or down.
N.2
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Moving left/right
Composing
N.2
Click the left or right arrow once or repeatedly.

The images below are moved left or right.
N.2
The shift is performed after each click.
N.2
The image is shifted by the set number of pixels (default: 3).
N.2
The lower part of the composite image is shifted relative to the

upper part.
N.2
Moving a cut line

up/down
N.2
Click an arrow with the line symbol up or down once or

repeatedly.
The cut line (the image edge) is shifted up or down.
N.2
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Operator Manual
Composing
Shifting relative to each other
N.2
You can move the depth of the slices of the composed volume
relative to each other.
N.2
Selecting a slice
N.2
Select the required slice with a mouse click on the dog-ear or

in the empty corner.
Or
N.2
Press the Ima - (Num 1) or Ima + (Num 2) key on the keyboard.

Moving backward/
forward
N.2
Click the end of the arrow (cross) or arrowhead (circle) once

or repeatedly.
The slice is moved backward (away from you) or forward
(toward you).
N.2
The composed slice images affected are recalculated.
N.2
Composed slice images that are not affected remain

unchanged.
N.2
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Composing
Display
N.2
If a single image has been shifted manually, it is marked by

the letter "M" in the composite image.
The words "Manual adjustment performed!" are displayed at
the bottom of the image.
N.2
N OT E
When defining the film layout after manual correction in
Composing, ensure that All text is selected for the Image
Text selection so that the message Manual adjustment
performed! is exposed to the film.
N.2
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Operator Manual
Composing
Returning to automatic positioning
N.2
N.2
Click the icon for automatic positioning.

Or
N.2
Select Auto Adjustment from the pop-up menu.

All manual positioning is canceled and the status after autoN.2
matic reconstruction is restored.
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Composing
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Operator Manual
CHAPTER
N.3
Viewing images
N.3
The Composing task card allows you to view and post-process

composite images after reconstruction.
N.3
You can switch between different layouts and scroll among several composite images and slices.
N.3
You can load and view images that have already been composed and stored. (Manual alignment is only possible if all original images are available.)
N.3
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Viewing images
Composing
The Composing task card
(5 (6)
(5)
(2)
(3)
N.3
(4)
(1)
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Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
(1) Image area

(2) Detailed image
(3) Overview
(4) Control area
(5) Section markings and image position numbers
(6) Orientation mark
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Viewing images
Composing
Image segments
N.3
The image area of the Composing task card can be divided

into different segments which can be switched on or off.
N.3
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Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
(1) Detailed image segment

Shows the composite image.
(2) Original image segment
If original images are available, the original image corresponding to the current image number is displayed.
(3) Overview segment
Shows an overview of the entire composite image.
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Viewing images
Composing
Displays in images
N.3
The following special displays appear in the image area of the

Composing task card:
N.3
N.3
Image element
Description
N.3
N.3
N.3
N.3
N.3
Dog-ears for scrolling through

the image stack
Image position number
Image position number with

orientation mark

"Manual" identification

Insufficient match!
identification
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Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
Image element
Description
N.3
Cobb angle
N.3
N.3
Kyphosis angle
N.3
N.3
N.3
Vertical Distance measurement

N.3
Height Difference
N.3
N.3
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Viewing images
Composing
Text information in images
N.3
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Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
(1) Patient and examination data

(2) Image position numbers with orientation mark and identification
(3) Examination and image parameters
(4) Notes
(5) Slice information and window values
(6) System-specific information
(7) Dog-ears for scrolling through the image stack
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Viewing images
Composing
Control area
N.3
The control area to the right in the task card contains the input
fields for selecting functions:
N.3
(1) Display and keys for scrolling among different composite
images
(2) Subtask card stack for switching the View, for Manual correction of image transitions, and for setting the window values (Window)
(3) Subtask card stack for selecting evaluation functions
(Ortho I and Tools)
(4) Functions for storing and documenting
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Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
Loading and displaying images
N.3
For viewing and postprocessing, load the series and images

onto the Composing task card.
N.3
Open the Patient Browser (Patient > Browser).
Searching for the required patient / required study.
Click the tab of the Composing task card.
The Composing task card is placed in foreground.
N.3
N.3
N OT E
You can only load images of one patient into the
Composing task card.
N.3
Images of one study only may be loaded per load operation.N.3

If you want to load the images of another patient, you have
to first unload the images currently loaded.
N.3
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Viewing images
Composing
Loading images for reconstruction
N.3
Select series in the navigation or content area of the Patient

Browser.
Page N.22, Selecting series for reconstruction and starting reconstruction
Composite image/volume or single image/

volume
N.3
You can load an already composed and stored image/volume or

just a single image/volume onto the Composing task card. N.3
N.3
N OT E
In the case of a composite image/volume that has been
stored and reloaded, you can change the position of single
images relative to each other only if:
N.3
all original images are available
the images are not a canceled reconstruction
the composed image or original images have not been
altered outside the Composing task card or provided
with an electronic shutter
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Operator Manual
Composing
Loading a volume
Viewing images
N.3
Select the desired series in the content area of the Patient

Browser.
Double-click this series.
(The Composing task card is on top.)
Or
N.3
Drag the series with the mouse into the image area of the
Composing task card (drag&drop).
Or
N.3
Select Applications > Composing from the menu of the

Patient Browser.
The volume is immediately loaded to the Composing task
card.
N.3
Display after loading
N.3
For a volume that has just been composed, the center image is
the result volume. The focus is on the center volume.
N.3
An already composite image is displayed as it was when it was
last saved.
N.3
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Viewing images
Composing

Tools
N.3
N.3
The tools for image display are located on the View subtask
card or in the View menu.
N.3
View subtask card and menu on the Composing task card.

N.3
Notes
N.3
Page N.25, The reconstruction algorithm and

Page N.27, Important notes.
N.3
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Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
Layouts
N.3
N.3
Detailed image or
comparison
N.3
On the Composing task card you can choose from three different image layouts (for on-screen display, but not film layouts): N.3
Single Layout (standard setting)
Only the composite image is displayed. In this display you
will see a composite image, if necessary with an overview
reduced in size.
Page N.319, Selecting single layout
Single with original
The composite image and the original image (if present) containing the original image information are displayed one
below the other. This display mode can be used for checking
the reconstruction and performing diagnoses.
Page N.320, Selecting single with original
Double Layout
Two reconstructed images are displayed next to each other.
This display can be used to compare composed images/volume, for example, to assess the course of an illness.
Page N.321, Selecting double layout
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Viewing images
Full image or overview
Composing
N.3
In each case you can switch between:
N.3
Full image display

Only the detail image or the detailed image with the original
image is displayed in maximum width. The overview is hidden. The image can be viewed at full resolution (for diagnosis).
Overview (default setting)
In addition to the detailed/original image(s), one or two overviews of the composite images is/are displayed. In this display you can navigate easily with the aid of the overviews.
Page N.317, Switching between full image and overview
Soft or hard transitions
N.3
In each case you can determine whether the images are to be

displayed with blurred transitions or sharp edges:
N.3
Blend Mode (Soft image transitions) (default setting)
The single images are blended at the transitions between
each pair of images.
Cut Mode (Hard image transitions)
The single images are joined without blending.
Page N.323, Switching between blend mode and cut
mode
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Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
Switching between full image and overview

Showing the overview
image
N.3
N.3
Click this icon on the View subtask card.

The icon is selected.
N.3
Or
N.3
Select View > Hide Overview from the menu.

Or
N.3
Select Hide Overview from the pop-up menu (right mouse

button).
An overview is displayed.
N.3
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Viewing images
Hiding the overview

image
Composing
N.3

The icon is no longer selected.
N.3
Or
N.3
Select View > Hide Overview from the menu.

Or
N.3
Select Hide Overview from the pop-up menu (right mouse

button).
The overview is hidden.
N.3
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Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
Selecting single layout
N.3
If you just want to view one composite image of a volume, select

the Single Layout.
N.3
Single layout with Show Overview (left) and Hide Overview

(right)
N.3
(1) Detailed image
(2) Overview
Or
N.3
Select View > Single Layout from the menu.
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N.319
Viewing images
Composing
Selecting single with original
N.3
The original image should be used for diagnosis. For this purpose the composite image and an original image can be displayed simultaneously and compared. For that purpose, select
the Single with original.
N.3
Single with original with Show Overview (left) and Hide Overview (right)
N.3
(1) Detailed image
(2) Overview
(3) Original image
Or
N.3
Select View > Single with original from the menu.
0.0
N.320
Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
Selecting double layout
N.3
If you want to compare two composite images (two volumes),

select the double layout.
N.3
Prerequisite
N.3
Several volumes have been composed and loaded.
N.3
Double layout with Show Overview (left) and Hide Overview

(right)
N.3
(1) Detailed image
(2) Overview
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N.321
Viewing images
Composing

Or
N.3
Select View > Double Layout from the menu.

If only one composed volume is loaded, a composite image is
displayed double.
In this case, you cannot use all the functions in the right
image. (Windowing is possible, for example, in the left image
only).
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Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
Switching between blend mode and cut mode

Normally, composite images will be displayed with soft transitions. For diagnosis, however, you can have the images displayed with hard cut edges and the original image information
instead:
N.3
(1) Blend mode (Soft transitions)

(2) Cut Mode (Hard image transitions)
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N.3
Viewing images
Switching
Composing
N.3

The icon is selected: Blend mode
The icon is not selected: Cut mode
Or
N.3
Select View > Blend / Cut Mode from the menu.

Or
N.3
Select Blend / Cut Mode from the pop-up menu (right

mouse button).
The display changes immediately.
N.3
If the reconstruction algorithm does not identify sufficiently

similar features at an image transition, a warning will be displayed, and the image transition will be marked.
The images can be repositioned manually.
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Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
N.3
N OT E
When Blend mode is used, there are transition areas
between the single images that were interpolated from two
images. Although the Blend mode image may appear more
pleasing to the eye, only the original images (Single with
Original or Cut mode display) may be used for diagnosing
bone structures.
N.3
N.3
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N.325
Viewing images
Composing
Scrolling through composed volumes
N.3
If several volumes have been composed and loaded, you can

scroll through them one by one.
N.3
Click the required image segment (in the double layout).
This segment is identified with a blue (light) border.
N.3
Click + or -.
Or
N.3
Press the Study - (Num 7) or Study + (Num 8) key on the

keyboard.
The images of the next or previous composed volume are displayed.

N.3
In overview mode, the overview also changes.
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Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
Scrolling through a single volume
N.3
You can also "scroll" among single volumes within a reconstructed volume.
N.3
Click the required image segment.
This segment is identified with a blue (light) border.
N.3
Press the Series - (Num 4) or Series + (Num 5) key on the

keyboard.
The displayed image is moved to the next/previous sub-image/

volume.
N.3
In overview mode, the overview also changes.
N.3
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Viewing images
Composing
Scrolling the slice image stack
N.3
You can scroll through the composite images in the image

stack.
N.3
Scrolling with the
dog-ears
Multiple-slice data sets provide dog-ears for scrolling.
N.3
N.3
Click the dog-ear to scroll backward image by image in the

image stack.
Or
N.3
Click the empty corner in the image stack to scroll forward

image by image.
Scrolling with keys
N.3
Alternatively, you can use the keys on the symbol keypad.
N.3
Press the Image - (Num 1) or Image + (Num 2) key on the

keyboard.
The Image -/+ keys may have a function for image types
other than slice images.
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Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
Selecting an image section / navigating in the

detailed image
N.3
There are three ways of navigating in the composite image:

Shifting the image
position
N.3
N.3
The first way is to place the orientation mark in the detailed

image:
N.3
Double-click the required position in the overview image.
The position is marked on the left with the orientation mark in
N.3
the detailed image.
The detailed image is shifted so that the marked position is in
the center in the vertical direction.
N.3
If applicable, the corresponding original image is displayed in
the lower part.
N.3
Enlarging/shifting the
image (Zoom/Pan)
N.3
The second way is to enlarge or shift the detailed image as you

do in the Viewing task card:
Page G.415, Displaying enlarged/reduced images
N.3
Click this icon.

Or
N.3
Select Image > Zoom & Pan on from the main menu.
Click and drag in the detailed image.
The detailed image is displayed accordingly.
N.3
The overview image does not change.
N.3
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N.329
Viewing images
Moving an image
section
Composing
N.3
In the Overview image (right), the portion of the image shown

in the detailed image (left) is marked with a green border.
N.3
You can move this border as well as the entire image section.N.3
Move the mouse pointer onto the green line.
N.3
Click and drag the border to the new position.

The image section shown in the detailed image is moved
N.3
accordingly.
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N.330
Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
Switching image text on/off
N.3
The image text contains the following information:
N.3
Text in the four corners of the image (patient data etc.),

without the image position numbers
System comments at the bottom in the image center (for
example, Insufficient match!)
This text can be hidden if, for example, you want to film an
image anonymously.
N.3
N.3
WA R N I N G
Image text and/or graphics off
N.3
Danger of incorrect diagnoses
N.3
If you film a composite image with the image text and/or

graphics switched off, non-matching or manually adjusted
transitions between the individual images cannot be identified as such!
N.3
Switching on image text and graphics for diagnostic
applications.
Select View > Image Text On from the menu.

The image text is switched on or off.
N.3
The next time you select the menu item, a checkmark will have
been set in front of Image text On or a previously set checkmark will be removed.
N.3
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N.331
Viewing images
Composing
Switching graphics on/off
N.3
If you have drawn graphical elements (lines, circles, distance,

...) in an image, they can be switched off if you want to view a
detail located below, for example, if you do not want to change
the graphics.
N.3
This includes:
N.3
All graphical elements drawn in the image (lines, circles, distance, etc.)
The image segment markings and image position numbers
Special marking of transitions (for example, red triangles for
a non-matching transition or M for a manually adjusted
transition)
Switching graphics off
N.3

The icon is no longer selected
N.3
Or
N.3
Select View > Image Graphics On from the menu.

The next time you select the menu, the item Image Graphics
On will no longer be marked with a checkmark.
N.3
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Operator Manual
Composing
Switching graphics
back on
Viewing images
N.3

The icon is selected again.
N.3
Or
N.3
Select View > Image Graphics On from the menu.
The next time you select the menu, the item Image Graphics
On will be marked with a checkmark again.
N.3
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Viewing images
Composing
Image display / Windowing
N.3
You can set the window values on the Composing task card.N.3
During scrolling, window values are automatically applied to
other composite images.
Setting window values
N.3
The window values are set in the image area using the
mouse (center button).
Or
N.3
Enter the window values using the keyboard in the fields WW

(= Window Width) and WC (= Window Center) on the Adjust
subtask card or click the arrow buttons.
Resetting the window
values
N.3
Click the icon on the Adjust subtask card.

The window values are reset to the values last saved.
N.3
0.0
N.334
Operator Manual
Composing
Viewing images
Additional display modes

Flipping an image
N.3
N.3
Page G.432, Flipping images vertically
N.3
Inverting grayscale
values
N.3
Page G.434, Inverting images (Invert)
N.3
Editing graphics
N.3
Page G.555, Editing graphics and image text

N.3
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Viewing images
Composing
0.0
N.336
Operator Manual
CHAPTER
N.4
Evaluations
N.4
The Composing task card allows you to perform evaluations

and apply postprocessing functions.
N.4
Tools
N.4
You will find the relevant tools on the Ortho I and Tools subtask
cards.
N.4
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N.41
Evaluations
Composing
Notes
N.4
Availability of graphics functions
N.4
You can perform measurements across image transitions (e.g.

distance measurements) only, if all image sections match (no
red triangles).
Page N.29, Transition does not match
N.4
Format of the composite images
N.4
If the angle between two images is greater than a certain value

or the image sections do not match, an SC image (DICOM Secondary Capture) is generated. In all other cases, MR images
are generated.
N.4
Tolerance max. 5
N.4
The angle between input images is within MR tolerances.
N.4
In this case, the composite image is an MR image.
N.4
Graphics functions can be performed (with restrictions, if the

quality of the images transition is below a certain threshold).
N.4
Tolerance max. 45
N.4
The angle between input images is outside the MR tolerances

but within the SC tolerances.
N.4
In this case, the composite image is an SC image.
N.4
Graphics functions can be performed (with restrictions, if the

quality of the images transition is below a certain threshold). N.4
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N.42
Operator Manual
Composing
Evaluations
Special evaluations
N.4
Depending on the type of reconstruction performed, the following special evaluations may be performed with composite
images:
N.4
Scoliosis angle according to Cobb
Measuring one or more curvature angles of the spine.
Page N.414, Determining spinal curvature (scoliosis
angle according to Cobb)
Kyphosis angle
Measuring the angle of the vertebral base tangents relative
to the vertical.
Page N.419, Determining the kyphosis angle of a vertebra
Vertical alignment
Measuring the deviation of the spine from the vertical.
Page N.422, Measuring deviation of the spinal column
from the vertical
Height difference
Measuring the difference in height, for example between the
left and right side of the pelvis.
Page N.427, Measuring the difference in height
These may be selected on the Ortho I subtask card or via the
Tools menu.
N.4
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N.43
Evaluations
Composing
Graphics functions
N.4
N.4
N OT E
Graphics elements may be drawn in the detailed image
only, not in the overview.
N.4
The following functions can be called on the Tools subtask card

or via the Tools menu.
N.4
0.0
N.44
Operator Manual
Composing
Evaluations
Annotating images
N.4
You may use predefined text or enter text freely on the Composing task card:
N.4
Click the text icon.
The Annotation dialog box is displayed.
Using a predefined text
N.4
N.4
Select an entry from the list with a single click.

If necessary, use the scroll bars to display additional texts.
Click the required position in the image.
The text appears immediately.
N.4
Repeat this as often as required.
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Evaluations
Entering a text
Composing
N.4
Click the icon for free text entry.

The icon appears selected.
N.4
Click the required position in the image.

A text field appears.
N.4
Enter the text via the keyboard.

Complete entry with the enter key.
Defining text
N.4
Up to 20 predefined texts are possible. The predefined texts are

entered during the installation. You can change the texts at any
time:
N.4
Double-click the required entry in the Annotation window.
The Edit Annotation Text dialog box opens.
N.4
Overwrite the text as required.

Click OK.
0.0
N.46
Operator Manual
Composing
Positioning text
Evaluations
N.4
You can move the entered text as required.
N.4
Click the text.

The text is marked with small squares.
N.4
Drag it into the required position.

Editing a text
N.4
You can edit the entered text.
N.4
Double-click the text.

The text field appears.
N.4
Now change or add to the text.

Complete entry with the enter key.
Deleting text
N.4
You may delete texts you have entered individually or together

with other graphical elements:
N.4
Click the text.
The text is marked with small squares.
N.4
Press the Del key.

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N.47
Evaluations
Ending text entry
Composing
N.4
Click Close.
If you want to edit several images, you do not have to deselect
the function.
Simply select the next image.
Switching text on/off
N.4
Page N.331, Switching image text on/off
N.4
0.0
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Operator Manual
Composing
Evaluations
Drawing circles and lines/polygons
N.4
The Composing task card allows you to draw in circles and

lines/polygons just like circular and free-hand ROIs on the
Viewing task card. However, in this case, no statistical evaluation is performed.
N.4
Drawing circles
N.4
For a description of this icon, see

Page G.54, Rectangular and circular ROIs
N.4
Drawing circles with

center
N.4
In the same way as you draw circles, you can also draw circles
with a center.
N.4
You cannot select the cross hair in the circle (but you can
select the circle line).
Using this method you can easily perform distance measurements starting from the center of the circle, e.g. the center of
a ball-and-socket joint.
Drawing lines/polygons
N.4
For a description of this icon, see

Page G.58, Drawing a freehand region
N.4
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N.49
Evaluations
Composing
Drawing arrows
N.4
You can emphasize image details with arrows:
N.4
Click the arrow icon.

N.4
Click into the image to place the starting point (= arrow

head), and drag a line to the end point with the mouse.
Release the mouse button to end the line.
The arrow is drawn.
N.4
Changing the size
N.4
Click one of the two end points of the arrow, keep the mouse
button pressed, and drag the arrow (larger or smaller).
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N.410
Operator Manual
Composing
Evaluations
Additional graphics functions

Shutter
N.4
N.4
Page G.545, Setting a shutter
N.4
Distance line
N.4
Page G.518, Drawing a distance line, measuring the distance
N.4
Angles
N.4
Page G.527, Measuring an angle
N.4
Manual calibration
N.4
Manual calibration is only required/possible for X-ray images

(AX modality).
Editing graphics
N.4

N.4
Switching graphics on/off
N.4
Page N.332, Switching graphics on/off

N.4
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
N.411
Evaluations
Composing
Evaluations for the spine and pelvis
N.4
Important notes
Angle measurements
N.4
N.4
When performing angle measurements, please keep the following in mind:

N.4
The main sources of error when performing Cobb angle
measurements and kyphosis angle measurements are due
to subjective placement of the tangent to the vertebra and
the posture of the patient.
Digits appearing after the decimal point in the measurement
results are not representative of the accuracy of the measurement taken.
The accuracy of Cobb angle or kyphosis angle measurements is comparable with that of measurements made by
hand on film images.
In the case of angle measurements on projection images,
the projected plane must be parallel to the angle plane.
0.0
N.412
Operator Manual
Composing
Distance measurements
Evaluations
N.4
When performing distance measurements, please keep the following in mind:

N.4
Distance measurements made across image boundaries in
composite images (in the vertical direction on the monitor)
are inaccurate. This error is additive across the sum of the
original images.
Digits appearing after the decimal point in the measurement
results are not representative of the accuracy of the measurement taken. When using a measurement to support
diagnosis, the physician has to consider all sources of inaccuracy.
N.4
N OT E
Only measure within each images (between the
transitions), if possible.
N.4
Do not perform measurement across image borders

marked Insufficient match!
N.4
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
N.413
Evaluations
Composing
Determining spinal curvature

(scoliosis angle according to Cobb)
N.4
There are different methods for determining the scoliosis angle

of the spine. The most widely accepted is the method according
to Cobb.
N.4
This method involves drawing the tangent to the dorsal plate of
the upper neutral vertebra and to the basal plate of the lower
neutral vertebra. From these, the system calculates the scoliosis angle:
N.4
Scoliosis angle
N: neutral vertebra
S: apical vertebra
N.4
N.4
Scoliosis angle: schematic representation1 (left), example

(right)
N.4
1. Zilch, H.; Weber, U.: Orthopdie mit Repetitorium. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1989
0.0
N.414
Operator Manual
Composing
Evaluations
Drawing the scoliosis angle
N.4
One or several scoliosis angles may be drawn:
N.4
Select the required image.

Page N.311, Loading and displaying images
Select a detail image display.
Page N.314, Modifying image display
The tangents of the angles can be drawn only in a detailed
image.
The results are, however, also displayed in the overview.
Select Tools > Cobb Angle from the main menu.
Or
N.4
Click the icon.

N.4
Move the mouse pointer into the detailed image.

N.4
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
N.415
Evaluations
First tangent
Composing
N.4
Set the mouse pointer to the starting point for the first tangent.
Hold the left mouse button while drawing a line up to the end
point of the first tangent.
Release the mouse button there.
The tangent is drawn.
N.4
Second tangent
N.4
If necessary, move the image area by double-clicking in the

overview (new position of the orientation mark).
Draw the second tangent in the same way.
The tangents are marked according to their position, for example, Cb1, Cb2, etc.
N.4
The scoliosis angle is drawn in the vicinity of the apical vertebra.
N.4
Further tangents
N.4
If there are additional curvatures, more angles can be defined:N.4

Draw additional tangents in the same way.
The tangents are identified according to their position and, if
necessary, renamed.
N.4
In each case, scoliosis angles are drawn in the vicinity of the
apical vertebrae located in between.
N.4
0.0
N.416
Operator Manual
Composing
Evaluations
Changing drawn angles

Removing angles
N.4
N.4
Drawn angles can be changed at any time:
N.4
To remove an angle, delete a tangent:
N.4
Click on the required tangent.

The tangent is marked with small squares at the corner points.N.4
Press the Del key.
Or
N.4
Select Edit > Delete selected Graphics from the main

menu or Delete selected Graphics from the pop-up menu.
If it was the lowest or topmost tangent, the lowest or topmost
scoliosis angle is deleted.
N.4
If it was the middle tangent, the scoliosis angles above and
below this are deleted and a new angle is drawn instead.
N.4
If it was one of two tangents, both tangents including the angle
will be deleted.
N.4
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
N.417
Evaluations
Changing angles or
tangents
Composing
An incorrectly drawn tangent can be changed:

N.4
N.4
Click on the required tangent.

The tangent is marked with small squares at the corner points.N.4
Click and drag one of the corner points to the required new
position.
The relevant scoliosis angles are updated.
N.4
Moving the annotation
N.4
The annotation displayed (angle values) can be moved if, for

example, it conceals important details:
N.4
Click the annotation to be moved.
The characters are marked with a small square.
N.4
Drag it to the new position.

Ending editing
N.4
Select another function.

If only one tangent (but no angle) is drawn, it is deleted.
N.4
0.0
N.418
Operator Manual
Composing
Evaluations
Determining the kyphosis angle of a vertebra
N.4
A kyphosis angle is the angle between a vertebra and the vertical in a lateral exposure:
N.4
45
55
Kyphosis angle: schematic representation
N.4
Example
N.4
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
N.419
Evaluations
Composing
Drawing kyphosis angles
N.4
One or several kyphosis angles may be drawn:
N.4
Select the required image (Lateral exposure!).

The tangents of the angles can be drawn only in a detailed
image.
The results are, however, also displayed in the overview.
Select Tools > Kyphosis from the main menu.
Or
N.4
Click the icon.

N.4
Drawing an angle
N.4
Position the mouse pointer on the first point on the vertebra.

Hold the left mouse button while drawing a line up to the second point on the vertebra.
The line is extended.
N.4
A vertical line is drawn.
N.4
The kyphosis angle is drawn.
N.4
0.0
N.420
Operator Manual
Composing
Evaluations
Changing drawn angles

Removing angles
N.4
N.4
Drawn angles can be changed at any time:
N.4
To remove an angle, delete the associated line:
N.4
Click on the required line.

The line is marked with small squares at the end points.
N.4
Press the Del key.

Or
N.4

The line and the associated kyphosis angle are deleted.
N.4
Changing angles or lines
N.4

N.4
position.
The relevant kyphosis angle is updated.
N.4
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
N.421
Evaluations
Composing
Measuring deviation of the spinal column

from the vertical
N.4
The deviation of the spine from an imaginary vertical line is an

additional means for assuring the degree of scoliosis.
N.4
Example of measuring deviations of the spine from the verticalN.4
0.0
N.422
Operator Manual
Composing
Evaluations
Drawing lines
N.4

Select Tools > Vertical Alignment from the main menu.
Or
N.4
Click the icon.

N.4
Vertical line
N.4
As a first step, determine the vertical line:
N.4

N.4
Click the image and drag a short line up or down via the
mouse.
As soon as you move the mouse, a line is displayed.
N.4

A vertical line is drawn through the entire image.
N.4
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
N.423
Evaluations
Reference point
Composing
N.4
As soon as you have drawn the vertical line, draw distances to

this line:
N.4
Position the mouse pointer on the required point.
Hold the left mouse button down while dragging a short line
in the direction of the vertical line.
A plumb line is dropped to the vertical line and the length of the
plumb line is shown in cm.
N.4
0.0
N.424
Operator Manual
Composing
Evaluations
Changing the lines

Removing a line
N.4
N.4

N.4
Press the Del key.

Or
N.4

The line and the given distance are deleted.
N.4
Changing a line
N.4

The line is marked with a small square at the end point.
N.4
Click and drag the end point to the new position.

The distances are updated accordingly.
N.4
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
N.425
Evaluations
Composing
N.4
The annotation displayed (distance) can be moved if, for example, it hides important details:
N.4
N.4

Moving a vertical line
N.4
Click the line.

N.4
Click and drag the line to the new position.

All distances are updated.
N.4
Removing entire graphics
N.4
Click the vertical line.

The vertical line is marked with small squares at the end points.N.4
Press the Del key.
Or
N.4

The lines as well as all distances are deleted.
N.4
0.0
N.426
Operator Manual
Composing
Evaluations
Measuring the difference in height
N.4
The system offers a height difference measurement which can

be used for measuring the difference in length between two
points (for example, between the two hip joints).
N.4
HD1=0.2cm
Example of height difference measurement
N.4
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
N.427
Evaluations
Composing
Drawing the difference in height
N.4
You are able to draw one or several difference(s) in height:
N.4

Select Tools > Height Difference from the main menu.
Or
N.4
Click the icon.

N.4

N.4
Position the mouse pointer in the first reference point.

Hold the left mouse button while drawing a line up to the second reference point.
The difference in height line and the difference in cm are displayed.
N.4
0.0
N.428
Operator Manual
Composing
Evaluations
Modifying the drawn differences in height

Removing difference in
height
N.4
Click the required line indicating the difference in height.

N.4
N.4
Press the Del key.

Or
N.4

The line and the given difference in height are deleted.
N.4
Modifying the line

indicating the difference in
height
N.4

N.4
position.
The relevant line is updated.
N.4
N.4
The annotation displayed (difference in height) can be moved,

e.g., it hides important details:
N.4
N.4
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syngo MR 2006T
N.429
Evaluations
Composing
0.0
N.430
Operator Manual
CHAPTER
N.5
Saving and documenting

images
N.5
The images composed on the Composing task card can be

saved for subsequent documentation. You can select whether
to save just one or all composite images.
N.5
You can copy a composite image into the Windows clipboard to
insert from there into another program.
N.5
You can copy composite images to the virtual film sheet to film
it there. You can select whether to film just one or all composite
images.
N.5
N.5
N OT E
The work status (com/p/a/s/r/H) in the Patient Browser is
not set/changed by the Composing application.
N.5
N.5
N OT E
When a user logs off, unsaved data are lost permanently. N.5
N.5
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syngo MR 2006T
N.51
Composing
Saving images
N.5
To keep composite images with graphics, they have to be saved

before you select a new patient.
N.5
Selecting a volume
N.5
Saving the volume
N.5
Select the volume, if necessary.

Page N.326, Scrolling through composed volumes
Select Patient > Save All As ... from the main menu.
All images of the composed volume are saved.
N.5
Selecting an image
N.5
Save single images
N.5
Select the image, if necessary.

Page N.328, Scrolling the slice image stack
Select Patient > Save As ... from the main menu.

Only the image currently displayed is saved.
N.5
0.0
N.52
Operator Manual
Composing
Entering a name
N.5
The Save As window opens.
N.5
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
N.53
As a new series
N.5
Composing
Click on Save images as new series if required (automatically active the first time you select Save As).
Enter a name for the series.
Confirm with OK.
The images are saved as a new series.
N.5
Appending to a series
N.5
Click Append images to series, if required

(automatically on repeated selection of Save As).
The series numbers and descriptions of the series belonging to
the study appear in the menu.
N.5
Select an entry from the list.
Confirm with OK.
The images are appended to the selected series.
N.5
0.0
N.54
Operator Manual
Composing
Copying images to the clipboard
N.5
If you want to use an image in other applications, for example,

Paint or WordPad, copy the image via the Windows clipboard:N.5
N.5
N OT E
Images pasted from the clipboard are not suitable for
diagnosis!
N.5
N.5
N OT E
The image text can be configured to render images copied
via the clipboard anonymous.
N.5
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syngo MR 2006T
N.55
Composing
N OT E
You can copy images to the clipboard only if you have the
necessary Export right.
Page B.263, Setting up the Privileges for a Role or a
User
N.5
Selecting a volume
N.5
Selecting an image
N.5
Selecting an image
segment
N.5

Click the image segment, if necessary.
The image segment is given a colored (bright) border.
N.5
Copying an image
N.5
Select Image > Copy Image to Clipboard from the main

menu.
The selected image is now on the clipboard and you can now
paste it into other applications (usually with Edit > Paste). N.5
0.0
N.56
Operator Manual
Composing
Filming images
N.5
You are able to film composite images like in other applications.N.5

The complete overview image (unzoomed) is always sent or
filmed from the Composing task card.
The 2x1 layout is very suitable for filming composite images.
You will find additional information in
Part O, Filming
N.5
Selecting a volume
N.5
Filming all images of the

volume
N.5

Select Patient > Copy All to Film Sheet from the main
menu.
All images of the composed volume are transferred to the virtual film sheet.
N.5
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syngo MR 2006T
N.57
Selecting an image
N.5
Composing

Activate the image segment, if necessary.
N.5
Filming a composite
image
N.5
Click this icon.

Or
N.5
Select Patient > Copy to Film Sheet from the main menu.
Only the currently displayed composite image is transferred to
N.5
the virtual film sheet.
0.0
N.58
Operator Manual
Composing
Sending images
N.5
You are able to send composite images like in other applications.

N.5
Notes
N.5
Note when sending images containing annotations (graphics,

distance measurements, text), the data format of the annotations is changed to prevent subsequent modification of these
annotations (e.g. editing of text or moving graphics).
N.5
However, you can certainly add further annotations to the
images.
N.5
This applies when images are sent to another workstation or an
archive that is not equipped with the syngo MR software or
when the syngo MR version of the receiving system is older
than that of the sending system.
N.5
N.5
WA R N I N G
Sending zoomed non-square images from the Viewing
task card.
N.5
It is possible that not all the image information displayed will be sent.
N.5
Send non-square images unzoomed only.
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syngo MR 2006T
N.59
Selecting a volume
N.5
Selecting an image
N.5
Selecting an image
segment
N.5
Composing

Click the image segment, if necessary.
N.5
Sending a composite
image
N.5
Click this icon.

You will find additional information in
Part J, Storing and Data Exchange
N.5
0.0
N.510
Operator Manual
Composing
Closing the patient
N.5
When you have completed your work on the Composing task

card, remove the images of the currently active patient from the
image selection tool (closing the patient).
N.5
When you load images of another patient, the current patient
is automatically closed if confirmed accordingly.
Click this icon.
Or
N.5
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
N.511
Composing
0.0
N.512
Operator Manual
PART
Filming
O.0
O.1 Introduction
Procedure for Filming ..................................................... O.12
Terms ............................................................................. O.15
Layouts and settings ...................................................... O.17
O.2 Semi-automatic/Manual Filming

Transferring images to the virtual film sheet .................. O.22
Exam task card .......................................................... O.22
Viewing, 3D task cards and the
Patient Browser window ............................................ O.24
Transferring images from the virtual film
sheet to the camera/printer ............................................ O.27
Auto Expose .............................................................. O.28
Transferring images manually ................................. O.211
Virtual film sheet full ..................................................... O.214
O.3 Viewing and Processing Film Sheets

and Images
Film Preview .................................................................. O.32
The Film Preview window .......................................... O.33
Changing default settings .......................................... O.36
Processing a film sheet ............................................. O.37
Processing film jobs and film sheets .............................. O.39
Calling up the Filming task card .............................. O.310
Selecting a film job .................................................. O.312
Number of copies of a film job ................................. O.314
Selecting film sheets and images ............................ O.315
Reorganizing film sheets ......................................... O.323
Processing images .................................................. O.331
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O1
Contents
Filming
O.4 Changing Film Settings for a Film Job

Selecting a camera or printer ........................................ O.42
Layout of the film sheet ................................................. O.44
Image, text and graphic display ..................................... O.48
Reference image display......................................... O.415
O.5 Checking Film Jobs

Display on the status bar ............................................... O.52
Viewing and manipulating film jobs ............................... O.53
Calling up the Film Task Status ................................ O.53
Information in the Film Task Status box .................... O.57
Manipulating film jobs................................................ O.58
O.6 Configuring Filming

Configuring film layouts ................................................. O.62
Selecting a layout to change ..................................... O.63
Configuring film job settings ...................................... O.66
Configuring film sheets.............................................. O.69
Associating layouts with a study or series ................... O.614
Assigning film layouts.............................................. O.615
Canceling a layout assignment ............................... O.618
Deleting a layout ..................................................... O.618
0.0
O2
Operator Manual
CHAPTER
O.1
Introduction
O.1
You can expose the images of an examination on film or print

them on paper for documentation and reporting.
O.1
Depending on your examination schedule and on the current
examination situation, you can have image material exposed on
film or printed automatically. Images are then passed on to a
preset camera or printer parallel to the examination.
O.1
Otherwise you can start filming manually and select which
images you want to print or expose on film.
O.1
O.1
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: Use of paper printouts for diagnosis of
AX, CT and MR images.
O.1
Consequence: Wrong diagnosis possible.
O.1
Remedy: Only use images on film for diagnostic purpose.

You may use printouts for diagnostic purpose if the printer
has specifically received 510(k) clearance for this
purpose.
O.1
Security - Privileges
O.1
Expose allows to expose film tasks or single film sheets on a

camera or to print them.
O.1
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
O.11
Introduction
Filming
Procedure for Filming
O.1
Image material is filmed/printed in two steps:

O.1
First define on one of the task cards Exam, Viewing, 3D or

in the Patient Browser which images or series you want to
print or expose on film. Then transfer this preselection to the
Filming task card (virtual film sheet).
From the virtual film sheet, you send your selected images
either directly to a camera/printer or you can perform a few
processing steps first. You can view the selected images
using the Film Preview dialog box or the Filming task card
(virtual film sheet), postprocess them to some extent, make
a more precise selection, determine the film sheet layout,
and reselect a camera/printer.
0.0
O.12
Operator Manual
Filming
Semi automatic filming
Introduction
O.1
Depending on your examination schedule, it can be useful to

make image material available on film or paper for reporting as
quickly as possible and without manual intervention.
O.1
Examination
Filming
(Virtual film sheet)
Manual
Camera/Printer
Automatic
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
O.13
Introduction
Manual filming
Filming
O.1
You can initiate transfer of images to the virtual film sheet and
onto a camera or printer manually. In this way, you can divide up
the work in an optimum way and only film or print those images
that you really need for the diagnosis.
O.1
Exam
Filming
3D
Camera/Printer
Viewing
Patient Browser
Manual
Manual
0.0
O.14
Operator Manual
Filming
Introduction
Terms
O.1
In the following chapters, you will come across several terms to

do with filming that you should be familiar with.
O.1
Film job
O.1
Selected images, series and studies that you have sent for filming are managed and executed by the system as film jobs.
O.1
Multiple film job
O.1
Usually, the images of different patients are processed in different film jobs. However, you can permit images of different
patients to be grouped together to form a multiple film job. The
images are then processed as follows, for example:
O.1
Film sheet 1
Film sheet 2
Film sheet 3
A1
A2
A3
A10
A11
A12
B6
B7
B8
A4
A5
A6
A13
B1
B2
B9
B10
B11
A7
A8
A9
B3
B4
B5
B12
Patient 1
Patient 2
Multiple film job
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
O.15
Introduction
Film Task Status
Filming
O.1
You can also obtain information about the extent to which film
jobs in the camera/printer queue have been executed in the
Film Task Status dialog box and intervene in the sequence of
execution.
O.1
Virtual film sheet
O.1
All images in film jobs are not necessarily printed or exposed on

film immediately but are first held in a virtual film sheet (Filming
task card or Film Preview dialog box).
In the virtual film sheet, you can see how the images will later
be arranged on the exposed film or print-out.
O.1
0.0
O.16
Operator Manual
Filming
Introduction
Layouts and settings
O.1
All film settings such as the layout of the film sheet or the
selected camera/printer are defined in so called film layouts.
O.1
Standard layout
O.1
If you do not make any changes to the default film settings, you
are always working with the so called general default layout
defined by the Siemens Service during installation of your system.
O.1
Changing the film

settings for the current
film job
O.1
If you are not satisfied with the default film settings (standard
layout), then you change individual film settings in the Filming
task card. The current film job is then processed with your new
settings. On the next film job, the system again accesses the
defaults.
O.1
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
O.17
Introduction
Print modes
Filming
O.1
The regular page mode is the default print mode.
O.1
The scalable page mode provides images with reduced quality

and does not support original size.
O.1
O.1
C AU T I O N
Source of danger: By scaling down the image in scalable
page mode the resulting image quality might no longer be
sufficient.
O.1
Consequence: Wrong diagnosis possible.
O.1
Remedy: Be aware of image quality reduction if scalable

page mode is configured.
O.1
0.0
O.18
Operator Manual
CHAPTER
O.2
Semi-automatic/Manual
Filming
O.2
As explained in the introduction, filming and printing examination images is performed in two steps:
O.2
Transfer of images to the virtual film sheet.
Passing on the images from the virtual film sheet to a camera
or printer where they will be exposed on film or printed on
paper.
The second step can be made to run automatically. This is
advisable if large volumes of data resulting from a high patient
throughput have to be dealt with and therefore large volumes of
image material have to be made available for reporting as
quickly as possible.
O.2
As an alternative, you can control filming completely manually.
In this way, you can make sure that only those images are
printed or being exposed on film that you really need for diagnosis or documentation.
O.2
O.2
NOTE
Please note if you want to control filming manually
completely or partially:
O.2
Only up to 3 film jobs can ever be managed simultaneously

in the virtual film sheet. A message appears if you exceed
this number.
Page O.214, Virtual film sheet full
O.2
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syngo MR 2006T
O.21
Filming
Transferring images to the virtual

film sheet
O.2
In the first step, you decide on the task cards Exam, Viewing,
3D or in the Patient Browser window which images you want
to transfer to the virtual film sheet.
O.2
Exam task card
O.2
From the Exam task card, you can pass on images to the virtual
film sheet individually and manually.
O.2
Camera/Printer
Examination
Filming
Copy to Film Sheet
0.0
O.22
Operator Manual
Filming
Manual filming
O.2
If you only want to film or print individual images, you can transfer them to the virtual film sheet manually.
O.2
Select the images one after the other in the image display
segment of the Exam task card.
Call up Patient > Copy to Film Sheet for each one.
Or
O.2
O.2
Press the Copy to Film Sheet key on the symbol keypad

(Num Enter).
The images are transferred to the virtual film sheet.
O.2
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
O.23
Filming
Viewing, 3D task cards and the Patient

Browser window
O.2
You can film or print images stored in your local database from
the Patient Browser or from the 3D or Viewing task cards. In
this way, you can also send images for filming that you have
evaluated with the Viewing card or generated in 3D.
O.2
3D
Filming
Camera/Printer
Viewing
Patient Browser
0.0
O.24
Operator Manual
Filming
From Viewing, 3D or Patient Browser, you always transfer

images or series to the virtual film sheet manually.
O.2
First select the images that you want to film/print in the
Patient Browser, on the Viewing or 3D task card.
Or
O.2
O.2
Click on the Copy to Film Sheet button.
Or
O.2
O.2

All the selected images are transferred to the virtual film sheet
on the Filming task card.
O.2
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
O.25
Per drag & drop
O.2
Filming
From the Patient Browser, you can also transfer images

directly to the Filming task card by drag & drop.
O.2
Select one or more images.
Drag the images onto the Filming task card holding the left
mouse button down.
A new film job or a multiple film job is created and the images
are displayed on the virtual film sheet.
O.2
images from the Patient Browser onto the corresponding
tab. The task card moves into the foreground and the images
are loaded into the image area.
Per double click
O.2
From the Patient Browser, you can also transfer images

directly to the Filming task card by double click.
O.2
Select a study, a series or a patient from the Patient
Browser and double click.
A new film job is created and the images are displayed on the
virtual film sheet.
O.2
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Operator Manual
Filming
Transferring images from the virtual

film sheet to the camera/printer
O.2
In general, every time you want to transfer images, series or

whole studies to the virtual film sheet automatically or manually,
a film job is created. From the virtual film sheet, it is possible to
transfer the individual film jobs to the camera/printer either
automatically or manually.
O.2
Exam
Camera/Printer
3D
Viewing
Filming
Patient Browser
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Auto Expose
Filming
O.2
After a film job has been transferred completely to the virtual

film sheet, it can be passed on to the camera/printer immediately and automatically.
O.2
You can define this setting at any time on the task cards or in
the Film Preview window. It is then applied to the opened film
jobs and all following film jobs.
Page O.32, Film Preview
O.2
Activating Auto Expose
O.2
Call up Options > Auto Expose.

Or
O.2
Activate the option via the Auto Expose button on the Filming task card or in the Film Preview window.
The film sheets of the opened film job and all following film jobs
which are filled are automatically sent to the camera or printer
and exposed or printed.
O.2
If the last film sheet is only partially filled, it is only sent for
filming when a new patient has been registered or a new film
job transferred to the virtual film sheet.
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Operator Manual
Filming
Deactivating Auto
Expose
O.2
If Auto Expose has been activated on the task cards or in the

film preview, you can deactivate it at any time.
O.2
Deselect Options > Auto Expose.
Or
O.2
Click on the button on the Filming task card or the film preview again.
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Interrupting Auto
Expose
O.2
Filming
If errors occur during automatic filming, or you notice that defective images have been filmed/printed, you can interrupt automatic filming at any time.
O.2
Deselect Options > Auto Expose.

Or
O.2
Click on the button on the Filming task card or in the Film

Preview again.
The sheet that is being processed will be completed. All the
other film sheets are then retained in the virtual film sheet. O.2
Remedy the error or delete the defective images from the virtual film sheet.
Reactivate Auto Expose or transfer the remaining sheets to
the camera/printer manually.
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Operator Manual
Filming
Transferring images manually
O.2
If you want to determine the time at which jobs are filmed or

printed freely or if you want to view the images once more
before filming, then deactivate the Auto Expose option.
O.2
All film jobs that you transfer from the task cards or from the
Patient Browser are first collected in the virtual film sheet on
the Filming task card.
O.2
When Security is activated, you can send data only if you are
Exposing current patient
O.2
Call up Film > Expose Film Task o transfer all images of this
film job to the camera/printer.
Or
O.2
O.2
Click on the Expose Film Task button in the control area of

the task card or in the Patient Browser.
All images of the film job are transferred to the camera.
O.2
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Film task selection
O.2
Filming
If more than one patient is loaded in the task card Filming you
can select the task you want to expose from the list displayed in
the Select Film Job dialog.
O.2
Call up Patient > Expose Film Task or use the shortcut
Ctrl + P.
The Select Film Job dialog box is opened in which you can
select the job that you want to transfer to a preselected camera/
printer.
O.2
O.2
Select a job and click on Expose.
Or
O.2
Click on Cancel and switch to the Filming task card or call

up Film Preview (Patient > Film Preview).
Select a film job.
Page O.315, Selecting film sheets and images
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Operator Manual
Filming
Exposing/printing a film
sheet
O.2
Switch to the Filming task card or call up the Film Preview

(Patient > Film Preview).
Select one film sheet.
Page O.33, The Film Preview window
Call up Film > Expose Film Sheet.
Only the selected film sheet is processed.
O.2
Incorrect film size
O.2
If a film size which your camera does not support is set for the
film sheet waiting to be exposed on film, the Incorrect Film
Size dialog box is displayed.
O.2
No corresponding error message is displayed when a paper
printer is used.
Select another film size and confirm with OK to resume filming.
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Virtual film sheet full
Filming
O.2
No more than 3 film jobs can be managed in the virtual film

sheet at one time. If a fourth film job is transferred to it, a message box appears. You must first expose/print one of the film
jobs in the queue or delete it before a new film job can be
accepted.
O.2
This situation can usually only occur if the Auto Expose
option is deactivated for the film jobs. The film jobs are only
kept in the virtual film sheet until they are sent for filming manually and are therefore completed.
If a fourth film job is transferred, your system first checks
whether it can be combined with one of the other film jobs to
form a multiple film job.
Page O.15, Multiple film job
O.2
If this is not the case, the No More Film Jobs Available dialog
box is displayed and you must remedy the situation.
O.2
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Operator Manual
Filming
No More Film Jobs

Available
O.2
In the No More Film Jobs Available dialog box, you decide

what film jobs are to be exposed, merged or deleted to make
space for a new film job.
O.2
Select one of the film jobs listed.

Click on Expose to transfer the selected job to the preselected camera/printer.
The selected job is filmed and the new job is placed in its posiO.2
tion in the virtual film sheet.
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Filming
Or
O.2
Click on Delete to delete the selected job and place a new

film job in its position.
Or
O.2
Click on Merge to append the images of the new film job to

the end of this old film job.
The film job remains in the virtual film sheet as a multiple film
job until you transfer it to the camera or printer.
O.2
Or
O.2
Click on Cancel to cancel the operation.

Now switch to the Filming job card or open the Film Preview
to expose or delete film jobs before loading the new film job.
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Operator Manual
Viewing and Processing

Film Sheets and Images
CHAPTER
O.3
O.3
During manual filming, i.e. when you have deactivated the Auto
Expose option, you can view and process the film sheets again
before finally printing them or exposing them on film.
Page O.28, Auto Expose
O.3
Film preview
O.3
If you want to obtain a quick overview of the film jobs in the

queue that have not yet been sent to the camera or printer, you
can use the Film Preview window.
O.3
Filming task card
O.3
If you want to organize individual film sheets of the jobs in the

queue more efficiently and clearly or if you want to process the
images again before filming, switch to the Filming task card. O.3
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Filming
Film Preview
O.3
In the Film Preview, you can obtain information about how the
images of the current film job are arranged on the film sheets.
Here, you can also call up some important functions to do with
filming without having to switch to the Filming task card.
O.3
Calling up the film

preview
O.3
Call up Patient > Film Preview... in the main menu of the

Patient Browser or the Viewing task card.
Or
O.3
Closing the film preview
Click on the Film Preview button on the Viewing task card

or in the Patient Browser.
O.3
Click on the Close button to close the Film Preview again.
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Operator Manual
Filming
The Film Preview window
O.3
After you have called up the Film Preview, the Film Preview
window will appear in front of the application you are currently
working on.
O.3
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Maximize to Filming task card

Film jobs
Display of film sheets
Spin box for selecting the number of copies
Delete button
Buttons for film control
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O.33
Film jobs
O.3
Filming
Here you can see all the film jobs listed that are in the virtual film
sheet for transfer to a camera/printer. To process one film job or
check the arrangement of images, you first have to open the film
job.
O.3
Click on a film job to open it.
Film sheets
O.3
In the display area for the film sheets, you can see the first film
sheet of the film job which is open.
O.3
With the dog ears in the top right hand corner, you can page
through all the film sheets of the film job. The film sheet is subdivided into segments in which the series and image numbers
of the images to be exposed or printed are displayed.
O.3
Forward
Click on the top of the dog ear once to page forward by one
film sheet.
Or
Backward
O.3
Click once on the bottom of the dog ear to page backward by

one film sheet.
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Operator Manual
Filming
Control area
O.3
In the control area, you can call up a few important functions

that have to do with filming.
O.3
Click on this button to open the Film Task Status dialog box
or call up Patient > Film Task Status.
There you can see the queue with the film jobs waiting to be
transferred to the camera/printer.
Page O.51, Checking Film Jobs
O.3
Click on the Auto Expose button or call up Options > Auto

Expose to select or deselect this option.
Page O.28, Auto Expose
O.3
Click on the Expose button or call up Film > Expose Film

Task to transfer the opened film job to a camera/printer.
Page O.211, Exposing current patient
If you do not want to film the entire film job but only the film
sheet displayed, then call up Film > Expose Film Sheet.
Page O.213, Exposing/printing a film sheet
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Filming
Changing default settings
O.3
By default a layout has already been defined for every film job
in the virtual film sheet and a camera or printer has been
selected.
O.3
You can change these default settings in the Film Preview dialog box or in the Filming task card itself.
O.3
To change settings in the Film Preview, proceed as follows:
O.3
Selecting a camera or
printer
O.3
Call up Film > Change Camera... if you want to have the film
job or film sheet displayed exposed with another camera or
printed on another printer.
A dialog box is opened in which you can select a new camera/
printer.
Page O.42, Selecting a camera or printer
O.3
Changing film
properties
O.3
Click in a segment or on the border of the film sheet. In this

way, you can select a single image or an entire film sheet.
Or
O.3
Select the film job to change the film settings for the entire
film job.
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Operator Manual
Filming
O.3
Call up Film > Properties... to change the film settings.

The Film Properties dialog box is opened in which you can
change a series of layout settings for filming.
Page O.44, Layout of the film sheet
O.3
Processing a film sheet
O.3
In the Film Preview, a series of functions is available for reorganizing film sheets. These can be useful if you have opened
the Film Preview from the Exam, 3D, or Viewing task card or
O.3
Deleting images
O.3
If you can see that one of the images in the Viewing task card
is useless (e.g. an image with motion artifacts), click on this
image in the Film Preview. (You can identify the image by its
image number.)
O.3
Click on the delete button in the control area to delete the
selected image.
The following images move up so that no empty segments are
left behind.
O.3
Or
O.3
Call up Film > Clear Document(s).
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Filming
The image will be cleared. The following images do not move

up.
O.3
If you have deleted several images in this way, your film sheets
will contain a number of empty segments.
O.3
Call up Film > Repack to make more efficient use of your
film material.
Adding images
O.3
If you have opened the Film Preview from the Patient Browser
window, you can add further images to a film job.
O.3
In this way, for example, you can also film images of earlier
studies of a patient for comparison.
O.3
Call up Film > New Film Sheet to add an empty film sheet
to the end of the film job.
Now fill this film sheet with selected images from the Patient
Browser by drag & drop.
Or
O.3
Send further images to Filming with Copy to Film Sheet.

These images are also appended to the end of the film job.
O.3
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Operator Manual
Filming
Processing film jobs and film

sheets
O.3
In addition to the simple processing steps in the Film Preview,

you can also make complex and extensive changes to film jobs
in Filming. In this way, you can make sure that you will only
print or expose those images on film that you really need for
reporting.
O.3
Moreover, you can process images or series of individual
images or entire series in order to obtain an optimum output
result on film.
O.3
For example, you can delete individual images or several
images, reorganize or rearrange film sheets.
O.3
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Filming
Calling up the Filming task card
O.3
You can process the film sheets of current film jobs on the Filming task card.
O.3
O.3
Click on the Filming tab.

Or
O.3
Maximize the Film Preview window.
The Filming task card is placed in the foreground.
O.3
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Operator Manual
Filming
The Filming task card is subdivided into the following areas: O.3
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Menu bar with filming-specific menu entries

Control area for easy call-up of processing functions
Film sheet display (virtual film sheet)
Status bar for system messages
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Filming
Selecting a film job
O.3
By the patient folders in the upper part of the control area, you
can see which film jobs are currently waiting to be transferred
to a camera/printer.
O.3
Designations
O.3
These jobs have one of the following designations:
O.3
Patient name
A film job that contains the images of a patient.
Multiple
A film job that contains the images of several patients.
Page O.16, Virtual film sheet
If there is no film job in the virtual film sheet, a patient folder
with the designation New is displayed.
Opening a film job
O.3
Click on a film job to open it.

The patient folder opens up and the color of the folder remains
O.3
unchanged.
The images of the opened film job are displayed on the film
sheet in the left hand part of the task card.
O.3
You can now page through the film sheets of this job and select
and process one or more film sheets or images.
O.3
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Operator Manual
Filming
Selecting an entire
film job
O.3
If you want to process all the film sheets and images of a film
job, you not only have to open this job but also select it explicitly.
O.3
Click again on the opened film job to select all the film sheets
with all images of this job.
The folder icon is now highlighted (blue), and all the images of
this job will be shown with a bold border in the film sheet display
and are therefore selected.
O.3
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Filming
Number of copies of a film job
O.3
On the Filming task card or in the Film Preview window, you

can also set how many times a job is to be exposed or printed.
O.3
O.3
Select the number of copies with the spin box or enter the
required number with the keyboard.
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Operator Manual
Filming
Selecting film sheets and images
O.3
After you have opened a film job, its images are displayed in the
left-hand part of the Filming task card.
O.3
Several film sheets
O.3
Job only extends over one film sheet
If a job contains so many images that they fill several film

sheets, the sheet number and the total number of film sheets
are displayed at the upper right border of each sheet and in the
top right hand corner you will find dog ears for paging.
O.3
Job extends over more than one film sheet
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Paging
O.3
Filming
Page through the film sheets using the dog ears.

Page O.34, Film sheets
Or
O.3
O.3
Double-click on the number of the current film sheet.

The display field becomes an input field.
O.3
Overwrite the number displayed with the number of the sheet

that you want to go to and press Return.
The film sheet you have entered will be displayed.
O.3
If you want to scroll through a stack of images very fast, click

on the dog ear and hold the mouse button down.
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Operator Manual
Filming
Selecting a film sheet
O.3
Click on the border of the film sheet to select all the images
it contains.
All the segments of the film sheet are now shown with a bold
border.
O.3
Deselecting a film sheet
O.3
Click outside the film sheet with the left mouse button.
Or
O.3
Select a single image, another film sheet or another film job

to cancel your selection.
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Multiple selection
O.3
Filming
You can also select more than one film sheet at once.
O.3
Click on the border of the first film sheet of your choice holding the Ctrl key down.
Page to another film sheet.
Hold the Ctrl key pressed to extend your selection by a single film sheet.
Or
O.3
Hold the Shift key pressed to select all the film sheets
between the two film sheets including all their images.
When you have selected a film sheet, all images have a broken line border.
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Operator Manual
Filming
Selecting segments
O.3
You can not only select whole film sheets, but also individual
images of a film job.
O.3
The Input Focus indicates the active segment of the image
area. It is indicated by a broken line border and is shown so that
it is always clear which image is being processed.
O.3
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O.319
Filming
The processing steps that you execute are always applied to

the segment on which the input focus is located.
O.3
Only if you have explicitly selected images, film sheets, or film
jobs the input focus is deactivated and no segment has a broken line border.
O.3
Click on another image with the left mouse button to place
the input focus on another segment.
Or
O.3
Move the input focus using the arrow keys on the keyboard.
Page G.333, Working in the input focus
The image is marked by a broken line border.
O.3
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O.320
Operator Manual
Filming
Selecting one or more

images explicitly
O.3
You can select images explicitly one after the other like film
sheets.
O.3
Click into a segment holding the Ctrl key down.
The segment is marked with a broken line border.
O.3
Like film sheets, you can also expand your selection for segments by clicking on further segments holding the Ctrl or
Shift key down.
Page O.318, Multiple selection
Selecting images
explicitly up to the
end of a series
You want to select the image displayed and all the following
images explicitly.
O.3
O.3
Click on the image that you want to select explicitly holding

the Ctrl key down or use the input focus.
Call up Edit > Select On Succeeding in the main menu or
Select On Succeeding in the popup menu.
The selected image and all the following images are now
selected.
O.3
If you have selected images of different series explicitly, all
the remaining images in the series starting with these images
are selected.
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Selecting complete series

explicitly
O.3
Filming
The simplest way for you to select entire series (e.g. all the
images contained in them) is with Select Series.
O.3
Click on the image of the series that you want to select holding the Ctrl key down or use the input focus.
Call up Edit > Select Series in the main menu or Select
Series in the popup menu.
The entire series is now selected explicitly.
O.3
If you have selected images of different series, all the images

of these series are selected.
Deselecting images
O.3
If the explicit selection does not contain the set of images that
you require, you can deselect images individually or altogether.
O.3
Hold the Ctrl key down and click on an explicitly selected
image again. It is now deselected.
Or
O.3
Call up Edit > Deselect All in the main menu to deselect all
selected images again.
After that, the default input focus is set automatically, i.e. the top
left segment is the destination of the next action.
O.3
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O.322
Operator Manual
Filming
Reorganizing film sheets
O.3
Using the Filming task card, you can reorganize film jobs in
such a way that only those images are exposed or printed that
you really need for a diagnosis.
O.3

of images on the Filming
task card
O.3
You can change the sequence of the images of a series by first

deleting the series from the film job, sorting the images in the
Patient Browser, and loading the series on the Filming task
card again.
O.3
Put the input focus on an image of the series that you want
to select.
Select Edit > Select Series from the main menu or Select
Series from the pop-up menu.
Delete the selected series from the film job.
Page O.324, Deleting images or film sheets
Change the sorting of the images in the Patient Browser.
Load the series onto the Filming task card again.
Chapter O.3
The images are displayed in a new sort order.
O.3
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O.323
Deleting images or film

sheets
O.3
Filming
You can delete image material that is useless for reporting from
a film job.
O.3
Select one or more images or film sheets or use the input
focus.
Call up Edit > Delete in the main menu.
Or
O.3
Delete the image(s)/film sheet(s) with this button or with the

Del key on the keyboard.
The image(s)/film sheet(s) will be removed from the film job
completely. Empty segments are removed, too.
O.3
Or
O.3
Call up Film > Clear Document(s) in the main menu or

Clear Document(s) in the popup menu.
The images are deleted, the segments in the film job remain
empty.
O.3
The popup menu is context-sensitive, i.e. the content of the
menu depends on whether you have selected an image, a
film sheet, a film job or nothing.
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Operator Manual
Filming
Filling empty segments
O.3
If you have deleted several images in a film job using Clear

Document(s), the job will contain several film sheets with
empty segments. Before you send the film job to a camera/
printer, you should reorganize the film sheets to make better
use of the film material.
O.3
Select the entire film job.
Page O.313, Selecting an entire film job
Select Film > Repack from the main menu to fill the gaps
again.
12
13
15
16
7
10
14
13
16
11
10
11
12
Repack
14
15
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O.325
Filming
You can also use Repack during your processing to reorganize

a single film sheet. In that case, only select one film sheet. Only
the images of this one film sheet are reorganized.
O.3
12
13
15
16
7
10
14
12
13
15
16
11
10
11
Repack
14
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Operator Manual
Filming
Copying images or film

sheets
O.3
If you want a film job to include images or entire film sheets

more than once, you need to copy these images or film sheets
first.
O.3
Select the image(s)/film sheet(s) that you want to copy or
copy the image that is in the input focus.
Call up Edit > Copy in the main menu or Copy in the popup
menu.
Or
O.3
Copy the film objects with the Windows short-cut Ctrl + C.
Now select the image in front of which you want to insert the
copies.
O.3
Call up Edit > Paste in the main menu or Paste in the popup
menu.
Or
O.3
Insert the images with the Windows short-cut Ctrl + V.

All the copied images are inserted in front of the selected segment. The image of this segment is moved back in the film job.O.3
In Filming Layout, you can define special layouts so that
copies are produced automatically when images are transferred to the virtual film sheet.
Page O.612, Series with copy on film sheet
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Moving images or film

sheets
O.3
Filming
You can move images within a film job or from one film job to
another by first cutting them and then pasting them at a new
position.
O.3
Select the image or the images that you want to move or
work in the input focus.
Call up Edit > Cut in the main menu or Cut in the popup
menu.
Or
O.3
Cut the images with the Windows short-cut Ctrl + X.
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Operator Manual
Filming
O.3
Select the segment in front of which you want to move the

cut-out images.
Insert the images in front of this segment with Edit > Paste,
Paste in the popup menu or Ctrl + V.
O.3
Appending a new film

sheet
O.3
If you only want to move images within a film sheet, you can
also do that very easily by drag & drop. Empty segments may
result which can be filled with Repack.
If the last film sheet of your job is already full and you want to
copy or move images to the end of your film job, you must first
append a new film sheet.
O.3
Call up Film > New Film Sheet at any point in the film job.
A new (empty) film sheet is appended to the end of the film job.
Then insert the copied or cut images into this sheet.
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Appending images from

the Patient Browser
O.3
Filming
If you want to add images from the Patient Browser to a film

job, you can do that very easily by drag & drop.
O.3
Open the Patient Browser (Patient > Browser).
The Patient Browser window will appear in front of the Filming
O.3
task card.
Select the image, the images, or entire series or studies.
Drag these images into a segment of a film sheet.
The images are inserted into the film job in front of this segment. The film job is called a multiple job if it contains the
images of more than one patient now.
O.3
Adding images from the

task cards
O.3
From the task cards Viewing and 3D, you can only transfer
images to Filming with Patient > Copy to Film Sheet.
O.3
If you transfer the images of the same patient to the virtual film
sheet, they are always appended to the same film job. If you
copy images of different patients onto the virtual film sheet, a
new film job is created for each patient, unless your system has
been configured to allow so-called multiple film jobs.
Page O.67, One patient or more than one patient per film jobO.3
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Processing images
O.3
In addition to the arrangement of film sheets, you can also

change the display parameters of the images on the Filming
task card to obtain an optimum output result.
Windowing
O.3
On the Filming task card, images are loaded with the window
values with which they were last saved. If you have transferred
images from the Viewing task card, the images are displayed
with the window values last used in the Viewing card.
O.3
In Filming, you can change these window values before exposure.
O.3
For color images, the window values are not displayed in the
segment. Windowing of color images is not possible.
You have the following options:
O.3
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Window 1 or Window 2
Filming
O.3
Select one or more images, or work in the input focus.

Click on Window 1 or Window 2 to assign the values of the
first or second window stored in the Examination task card
together with the images.
O.3
NOTE
This application is not available for MR-images. The buttons
are only active when working with double windows is
possible (e.g. CT-images).
O.3
Auto-Windowing
O.3
With the Auto-Window option, you automatically assign optimized window values to the images, either on loading or after
loading to individual images.
O.3
Click on the Auto-Windowing button.
Or
O.3
Call up Image > Auto-Windowing.

Page G.49, Automatic windowing
Or
O.3
Double-click with the center mouse key.
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Windowing with the

keyboard
O.3
For fine adjustment of the windowing values, you can also use
the keys on the symbol keypad of the keyboard.
O.3
Setting the contrast
Press the Width+ (Num -) or Width- (Num *) key to increase
or reduce the contrast.
Setting the brightness

Press the Center+ (Num /) or Center- (Num Num) key to
increase or reduce the brightness.
Windowing with the

mouse
O.3
Place the mouse cursor in the image and move the mouse
holding the center mouse button pressed.
y
Contrast +
(width -)
Brightness (center +)
Contrast x (width +)
Brightness+
(center -)
For more information about windowing images, see

O.3
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Enlarging and reducing

images
O.3
Filming
You can enlarge the image to view an area which is of special

interest to you (zooming). If the enlarged image then no longer
fits in the segment, you can pan or move it until the relevant
area is in the center of the segment again.
O.3
You can use the following functions to zoom and pan images.
O.3
Image > Zoom in/out
O.3
Select one or more images.

Call up Image > Zoom in/out in the menu to open the Zoom
Image dialog box. Enter a zoom factor for the selected
images.
Zooming/panning with
the mouse
O.3
Click on the Zoom/ Pan button or select

Image > Zoom & Pan On in the menu.
The function of the left mouse button is now switched from
Select to Zoom & Pan On.
O.3
Place the mouse cursor on an image (it need not be selected
first).
Now click near the edge of the image and hold the left mouse
button down while moving the mouse curser up to enlarge
the image.
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Or
O.3
Click on the center of the image and pan the image holding
the left mouse button down.
Deselect Image > Zoom & Pan On or click on the button
again to make the left mouse button available for selecting
film objects again.
For more information about zooming/panning images, see
O.3
O.3
Restoring the zoom

factor
O.3
You can return to the zoom factor with which the images were
last stored in the database at any time.
O.3
Call up Image > Home Zoom/Pan in the main menu.

Or
O.3
O.3
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CHAPTER
O.4
Changing Film Settings for

a Film Job
O.4
A standard film layout was defined during configuration of your

system. This layout contains all the settings required for filming.
O.4
All the necessary settings have therefore already been made
for each new film job. If you are happy with these settings, you
can start filming images without any further intervention.
O.4
If these presettings are not suitable, you can change the following settings on the Filming task card or in the film preview: O.4
Select another camera or printer
Change the number of copies
Change the arrangement of the film sheets
Change the image, text and graphic display
All these settings then only apply to the current film job. For the
next film job, the system returns to the standard layout.
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Filming
Selecting a camera or printer
O.4
If you do not want to expose or print your current film job with
the default camera, then select another camera/printer for this
job.
O.4
Click the Camera subtask card on the Filming task card into
the foreground.
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Or
O.4
Select Film > Change Camera... to call up the Change

Camera and Film Size dialog box.
Select a camera or printer from the list. This selection list

contains all the cameras and printers connected to your system.
The newly selected camera or printer is used as the default
camera that is always used when no other device is selected.
In the Status display, you can see whether the selected camera/printer is switched on and is therefore available.
O.4
Select the film format under Film Size.
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Filming
Layout of the film sheet
O.4
With the layout of the film sheet, you can define the size of each
image.
O.4
Switch, for example, to a larger format with fewer images per
film sheet, if you want to see diagnostic details on the exposed/
printed images.
O.4
Selecting images and

film sheets
Set the film sheet layout for selected images of a film job.
O.4
O.4
Select an entire film job to change the layout for all sheets of
this job.
Or
O.4
Select an individual film sheet to change the layout of this

sheet only.
Or
O.4
Select individual images or you work in the input focus to display only these images in a larger or smaller format on the
same film sheet.
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Changing the layout
O.4
Click the Layout subtask card on the Filming task card into
the foreground.
Click on the button for a film layout to display the selected

images in this format.
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Filming
Or
O.4
Call up Film > Properties... in the main menu or Properties... in the popup menu.
The Film Properties dialog box is opened.
O.4
Select a division in the Division selection list.

If the film sheet division is different for the selected images or
film sheets, the Division selection list is empty.
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Example
O.4
The selected images or film sheets are displayed in the new format. The remaining images of the film job are still displayed in
the old layout.
O.4
10
11
12
19
13
14
15
22
16
17
18
13
14
16
18
19
20
10
12
21
22
11
15
20
21
17
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Filming
Image, text and graphic display
O.4
The layout of the film sheet defines the number and size of the
segments on a film sheet. With the Film Preview window and
the Filming task card, you can change the aspect ratio of individual images in your segments and define whether and how
text and graphics are to be printed or exposed on film, too.
O.4
Click the Images subtask card on the Filming task card into
the foreground.
Or
O.4
Call up the Film Properties dialog box (Filming > Properties...).

You can see the settings of the currently selected images displayed. The dots in the radio buttons are displayed gray if the
settings of the images are different.
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Fit to segment
O.4
Select the image(s) whose aspect ratio you want to change.

Or
O.4
Select the entire film job if you want to change the aspect
ratio of all images.
Click on the Fit to segment button on the Images subtask
card.
Or
O.4
Select the option Fit to segment in the Film Properties dialog box.
The images are displayed as large as possible in the segment
without any parts of the image being cut off.
O.4
Clip document
O.4
Select an image, several images or the entire film job.

Click on the Clip document button on the Images subtask
card.
Or
O.4
Select the Clip document option in the Film Properties dialog box.
Rectangular images can be increased so that the shorter side

of the image fills the segment. Parts of the longer side of the
image are cut off (upper and lower edge of the image or the
sides of the image).
O.4
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Original image
O.4
Filming
Select an image, several images, or the entire film job.
Click on the Original image button on the Images subtask

card.
Or
O.4
Select the Original Image option in the Film Properties dialog box.
The images are displayed in the segment in their original size,

the dimensions on the screen and on the printout are the original ones.
O.4
The tolerance depends on the camera type. Use the scale bar
as a reference.
If it is not possible to display images in the Original Image
aspect ratio (1:1 scale), a message is displayed and the Fit to
segment option is selected instead.
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Fit to segment
Clip Document
Original image
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Display image text
O.4
Filming
In the film settings, you can select whether text information

about the images is also to be printed/exposed on film or not.O.4
Settings about filming text always apply to the entire film job
and not only to selected images.
Click on the All text button on the Images subtask card to
have all text information about the images displayed in the
segments and filmed or printed together with the images
later on.
Or
O.4
Select the All text option in the Film Properties dialog box.
Click on the No text button on the Images subtask card to

hide all text information in the segments.
Or
O.4
Select the No text option in the Film Properties dialog box.
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Click on the Customized text button on the Images subtask

card to have only part of the text information displayed and
exposed on film or printed.
If you select Customized text with the button on the Images
subtask card, the system accesses the settings you have
made during configuration.
Or
O.4
Select the Customized text option in the Film Properties

dialog box.
In the Film Properties dialog box, you can now select which
text information is to be displayed if the Customized text option
is selected.
O.4
Click on the check box with the mouse to have each item of
information either displayed or hidden.
All text
Customized text
No text
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Displaying/hiding
graphics and annotations
O.4
Filming
In the same way as text information, you can have graphics

(e.g. ROIs) and annotations displayed or hidden.
O.4
Click the Show Graphics button on the Images subtask

card to display graphics (e.g. ROIs) and annotations.
Or
O.4
Select the Show option in the Film Properties dialog box.
Click the Hide Graphics button on the Images subtask card

to hide graphics (e.g. ROIs) and annotations.
Or
O.4
Select the Hide option in the Film Properties dialog box.
Show Graphics
Hide Graphics
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Reference image display
O.4
You can display a small reference image (Mother) associated

with the image (Child) in the film sheet segment. That will make
orientation and overview of the scanned region easier.
O.4
You may adjust display of the reference image in the Film properties dialog box or in the configuration of a film sheet.
Page O.611, Reference image
O.4
Open the Film properties dialog box (Filming > Properties...).

Activate the Reference image option.
Select the position (Top right or Bottom right) of the reference image.
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A reference image on which slice positioning of the images to

be filmed was performed is found in the database and displayed
in all segments of the current film sheet. The image text is
shifted left.
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Display of the cut line
O.4
To have the position of the image (Child) displayed in the reference image (Mother), the mother and child must fulfill the same
preconditions as the reference images.
Page F.34, Requirements
O.4
Similar rules apply to display of the cut line as to graphic slice
positioning:
O.4
A perpendicular cut is displayed as a continuous line.
An oblique cut is displayed as a dashed line.
If the angle between the mother and child is smaller than 30,
no cut line is displayed.
Loading a different image

as the reference
O.4
You can use any other image from the same examination as the
mother instead of the reference image being displayed, as long
as it was acquired at the same table position.
O.4
Deactivate the Reference image option and select the position of the reference image.
Call up the Patient Browser.
Drag and drop a suitable image to the film sheet.
If further images from the series to which the child belongs
are loaded on the film sheet, the new reference image is displayed there automatically.
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Windowing a reference
image subsequently
O.4
Filming
Sometimes the small reference image is displayed with unfavorable window values on the film sheet.
O.4
You cannot load the small reference image directly onto the film
sheet. Proceed as follows instead:
O.4
Load the reference image onto the Viewing task card.
Window the reference image and close the patient.
The new window values will now be used for the reference
images from now on.
O.4
Drag and drop the changed reference image from the
Patient browser to the film sheet.
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CHAPTER
O.5
Checking Film Jobs
O.5
If you transfer film jobs from the virtual film sheet to a camera
or printer, a queue of jobs waiting to be executed will be formed
for each camera and printer.
O.5
You can obtain information about which and how many film jobs
are currently being executed, are waiting to be executed or have
been completed at any time. You can stop the entire queue, or
repeat or delete individual film jobs and thus intervene in the
execution of the queue.
O.5
In the Film Task Status dialog box, you can obtain information
about film jobs that are waiting to be executed in the queues for
each camera and printer.
O.5
On the status bar below the control area, you can see whether
your system is currently exposing images on film in the background and whether exposure is progressing without error. O.5
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Checking Film Jobs
Filming
Display on the status bar
O.5
During film exposure, icons are displayed on the status bar

which tell you whether the process is progressing without error
or whether errors have occurred during exposure.
O.5
The status of the printer is not shown on the status bar.
You can follow the course of filming without interrupting your
work and intervene immediately in the event of an error.
O.5
Camera in operation
O.5
As long as the camera is working, i.e. exposing film sheets, the

camera icon is displayed on the status bar.
O.5
Film exposure interrupted O.5

If errors occur during film exposure, the camera icon on the status bar is crossed out.
O.5
Double-click on this camera icon to open the Film Task Status dialog box.
There you can see the cause of the fault.
Warning message
O.5
O.5
O.5
This symbol indicates that the camera has output a warning

message.
O.5
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Checking Film Jobs
Viewing and manipulating film jobs
O.5
The display on the status bar shows concise information about

the progress of film exposure.
O.5
For print jobs, no information is displayed in the status bar.
You can obtain detailed information in the Film Task Status
dialog box. There you can stop the entire queue, trigger it again
and repeat or delete individual film jobs.
O.5
Calling up the Film Task Status
O.5
Regardless of whether your system is currently printing/exposing films or not, you can call up the Film Task Status window
via the Patient main menu or a button at any time and from any
task card. There, you can obtain information about the film jobs
in the queues.
O.5
Once film exposure in the background has started, you can also
display the dialog box by clicking on the icons in the status bar.
That is useful if transmission errors occur. You can then immediately see which film job and which camera are affected and
take appropriate action.
O.5
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Checking Film Jobs
Filming
Click on the Film Task Status button on the Filming task

card, in the Film Preview window, or in the Patient Browser.
Or
O.5
Call up Patient > Film Task Status... menu item in any task
card, or in the Patient Browser.
Or
O.5
Double-click on the camera icon on the status bar.

The Film Task Status dialog box is displayed.
O.5
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Camera
Checking Film Jobs
O.5
In the upper part of the dialog box, all the cameras and printers
are displayed that are connected to your system.
O.5
O.5
The camera whose queue is being displayed is highlighted in a

different color.
O.5
O.5
Printer
Click on one of the other camera icons if you want to view the
queue for another camera.
O.5
Click on one of the printer icons if you want to view the queue
for the respective printer.
The Windows XP print job control box is displayed. Here you
can manipulate the print jobs for the selected printer by using
the menu entries of the Windows XP operating system.
O.5
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Checking Film Jobs
Filming
O.5
Close the Windows XP print job control box to return to the

Film Task Status dialog box.
As long as the film job is queued in the Windows XP printer
queue the patients name is visible.
O.5
To ensure the required data protection, the user has to
O.5
delete the print job, or

wait until the job is executed and safely store the printouts.
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Checking Film Jobs
Information in the Film Task Status box
O.5
The Film Task Status dialog box contains a job list with the following information:
O.5
Film Job Name
O.5
Name of the film job (patient name, if a film job contains the images of only one patient, or multiple, if the job contains images
of more than one patient).
O.5
Status
O.5
Processing status of the film job:
O.5
Printed
The job is completed, all images have been sent to the camera.
Printing
The job is currently being sent to the camera.
Queued
The job is in the queue and will be sent to the camera as
soon as it is free.
Stopped
The job has been stopped.
Aborted
The job was aborted and is treated as completed. Is has the
same work status as Printed.
No. of Sheets
O.5
Number of film sheets that the film job contains
O.5
The sheet number and the total number of film sheets the film
job contains are displayed on the printout.
No. of Copies
O.5
Number of copies
O.5
Urgent
O.5
A job is classified as urgent.
O.5
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Checking Film Jobs
Filming
If the list contains more film jobs than can be displayed in the
content window, you can page through the queue of film jobs
using the scroll bar. When you open the window, the first job
with Active status (or Queued) is displayed in the list.
O.5
Scroll the display up to view jobs already exposed on film
(Printed).
Manipulating film jobs
O.5
In the Film Task Status dialog box, you can select film jobs and
influence them by clicking buttons.
O.5
The status of a job determines how you can influence its execution and therefore what buttons are active.
O.5
Only film jobs sent to a camera can be modified in the Film
Task Status dialog box.
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Stopping jobs
Checking Film Jobs
O.5
You can stop jobs with the status Queued or Printed at any
time, for example to insert a new film.
O.5
Click on the Stop button.
All film jobs of this queue are stopped (status Stopped). In the
job which is being exposed, a sheet which has been started is
first completed. All the following film sheets are then no longer
processed.
O.5
Resuming jobs
O.5
Once your camera is ready again, you can resume execution of

the queue.
O.5
Click on the Continue button.
All the jobs in the queue return to their original status. Film
exposure is resumed. The job that was being exposed when
you clicked Stop is resumed at the point at which you stopped
the camera.
O.5
Repeating jobs
O.5
You can repeat a film job that has already been exposed and is
therefore completed as long as it is still in the queue.
O.5
Select the film job already exposed on film (status Printed).
O.5
Click on the Repeat button.

The job is assigned the Queued status and is copied to the
O.5
end of the queue.
If the images of the job have already been deleted from the
database, an error message is displayed.
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Checking Film Jobs
Deleting jobs
Filming
O.5
You can delete film jobs that are listed in a queue regardless of
their status.
O.5
Select the job(s) that you want to delete (multiple selection
using the Ctrl or Shift key).
Or
O.5
Click on Select All if you want to delete all the jobs in the
queue.
Click on the Delete button to delete the selected job(s).
If you delete a job that is being exposed, the sheet that has
been started will be completed. All the following sheets will
not be exposed on film.
Changing the priority of

film jobs
Set the film jobs that you want to process first as urgent.
O.5
O.5
O.5
Select one or more film jobs with the Queued status and
click on Urgent.
This job moves to the first position amongst the jobs with the
Queued status.
O.5
If more than one job is classified as urgent, they are executed
in the order in which they are listed.
O.5
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Selecting another
camera
Checking Film Jobs
You can select a new camera for one or more film jobs.
O.5
O.5
Redirecting film jobs from a camera to a printer is not possible.

Select one or more film jobs.
Click on the Change Camera button to open the Change
Camera dialog box.
Select a new camera from the selection list.

You cannot redirect film jobs that are being processed (Printing status) to another camera.
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Checking Film Jobs
Redirecting jobs from an

inaccessible camera
Filming
O.5
If one of your cameras is defective or switched off this is indicated by a crossed-out camera icon in the header bar of the
Film Task Status dialog box.
O.5
You can redirect the queue or even individual film jobs for this
camera to another camera.
O.5
O.5
Click on the camera icon.

The queue of the inaccessible camera is displayed.
O.5
Click on the Change Camera button to open the Change

Camera dialog box.
Select a substitute camera from the selection list.
Close the Change Camera box.
The queue of the camera is redirected to the substitute camera.
The redirected queue is marked with the note redirect in the
header bar of the dialog box.
O.5
All film jobs whose film size is not supported by the destination
camera remain in the queue for the original camera. These jobs
are assigned the status queued, but do not block the following
film jobs so that these can be redirected to another camera.
You can send these film jobs again when the fault has been
remedied or you can redirect them to a camera that supports
the required film sizes.
O.5
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Checking Film Jobs
As soon as the defective camera has been repaired again, you

can cancel the camera redirection.
O.5
Click on the camera icon with the note redirect to display
the redirected queue.
Click on Change Camera to call up the Change Camera

dialog box again.
O.5
Click on the Default button in the Change Camera box.

The queue is now assigned to the original camera again. The
original device designation is again displayed in the header bar
of the Film Task Status dialog box.
O.5
Reactivating a queue
after system restart
O.5
Sometimes it is necessary to shut down the system before all

the film jobs in a queue have been executed.
O.5
This does not delete the queue. After rebooting the system, the
film jobs are displayed in their old status again.
O.5
They are then started automatically.
O.5
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Checking Film Jobs
Filming
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CHAPTER
O.6
Configuring Filming
O.6
You can adapt the filming and printing of images to your requirements in a flexible and individual way.
O.6
The NUMARIS/4 Configuration Panel contains a configuration window for setting up the film function.
O.6
O.6
In the Filming Layout configuration window, you can adapt the

standard layout and create new layouts that are tailored to individual studies.
O.6
In the Filming Study Layout configuration window, you can

assign specific layouts to individual studies.
O.6
Call up the NUMARIS/4 Configuration Panel

Call up the configuration window in which you want to make
settings.
In the Basics part of this manual, you can read how to call
up and exit configuration windows, save changes or reset the
settings back to the as-delivered state.
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Configuring Filming
Filming
Configuring film layouts
O.6
You can change and create film layouts using the Film Task
and the Series tab cards in the Filming Layout window.
O.6
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Configuring Filming
Selecting a layout to change
O.6
In the Filming Layout configuration window, you can define the

study-specific layouts.
O.6
In the Layout name selection list, you can specify which layout
you want to change.
O.6
Changing the standard

layout
O.6
The Layout General Default is used for filming/printing if no

study-specific layout is assigned to the images and you have
not changed the film layout in the virtual film sheet manually. O.6
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Configuring Filming
Defining a study-specific
layout
Filming
O.6
During installation of your system, some study-specific layouts

are also installed and assigned to individual studies or series.O.6
This has the advantage that a suitable film layout is always used
for these images.
O.6
You can adapt the default settings to your requirements by creating a new study-specific layout and assigning it to a study or
changing an existing layout.
O.6
Select the layout that you want to change.

Or
O.6
Enter a new layout to create a new layout.

O.6
NOTE
Your system can manage up to 100 layouts. If you attempt
to create a 101st layout, an error message is displayed.
You must then delete an existing layout.
O.6
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The standard layout as

the initial setting
Configuring Filming
O.6
O.6
When creating a new layout, you can base it on the settings of

the standard layout in the Film Task or Series tab cards and
change it to meet your requirements. This is advisable, for
example, if the new layout differs only slightly from the standard
layout in one or more tab cards.
O.6
Click on the General Default button on the Film Task or
Series tab card.
The standard settings are entered in gray in the radio buttons
and checkboxes of the tab cards in question. Settings that you
have changed are shown black so that you can distinguish them
from the default settings.
O.6
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Configuring Filming
Filming
Configuring film job settings
O.6
On the Film Task tab card, you can define all the settings that
determine the structure and execution of a film job.
O.6
Click the Film Task tab card into the foreground, if necessary.
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One patient or more than

one patient per film job
Configuring Filming
O.6
Click the New film job by patient option if you want a film
job only to contain the images of a patient.
Or
O.6
Deselect the New film job by patient option to permit multiple film jobs.
New film sheet
O.6
O.6
Click on the New film sheet by option if you want to permit

empty rows in film sheets.
Here you define whether you want to create a new film sheet
for each study or each series.
Or
O.6
Deselect the New film sheet by option to avoid empty lines

in the film sheets.
New line in the film
sheet
O.6
O.6
Click on the New row of images by option if you want to permit empty fields in the film sheet.
Here you define whether a new line is to be started in the film
sheet for each patient, each study, or each series.
Or
O.6
Deselect the New row of images by option to avoid empty

fields on the film sheet.
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syngo MR 2006T
O.67
Configuring Filming
Filming a partial
selection
Filming
O.6
O.6
Use the spin buttons to set whether every nth image or all
images (n=1) of a film job are to be copied in the virtual film
sheet and therefore exposed/printed.
Number of copies
O.6
Define the number of copies.
Film size
O.6
O.6
Select a film size from the Film size selection list.

The entries offered depend on the cameras and printers.
Separator lines between

segments
O.6
Set the Segment lines option to separate the images with

lines on the film sheets.
Page number
O.6
Select Page number on print out if you want the page number to be added to the printout.
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Operator Manual
Filming
Configuring Filming
Configuring film sheets
O.6
On the Series tab card, you define with what settings a film
sheet is exposed or printed.
O.6
You can only print/expose film sheets in portrait format.
Click the Series tab card into the foreground.
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O.69
Configuring Filming
Film sheet division
Filming
O.6
O.6
Define in the Layout divisions selection list how many columns and rows a film sheet has.
The division is shown in a diagram in the display window.
O.6
Portrait/landscape
O.6
In Orientation, select portrait or landscape for exposing on

film / printing on paper.
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Operator Manual
Filming
Filling the film sheet
Configuring Filming
O.6
O.6
Reference image
Define whether the images are to be arranged from left to

right (horizontally) or from top to bottom (vertically) on the
film sheet.
O.6
O.6
Activate the Reference image option to display a reference

image associated with the image Top right or Bottom right.
A reference image on which slice positioning of the images to
be filmed was performed is found in the database and displayed
in all segments of the current film sheet. The image text is
shifted left.
Page O.415, Reference image display
O.6
Depending on the modularity of the images, a preset reference
image is displayed. If no reference image is displayed or you
want to select another reference image, you can do so by drag
& drop.
O.6
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O.611
Configuring Filming
Series with copy on film

sheet
Filming
O.6
You can have a copy generated automatically when you transfer

a series to the virtual film sheet and then process the copy
before filming or printing.
O.6
Click on the Copy series option if you want to make copies
of the series.
Set how the original images and their copies are to be
arranged on the film sheet (Interleaved or Appended).
Or
O.6
Deselect the Copy series option to deactivate automatic

copying of the images.
A1
A2
A3
A4
A1
A2
A3
A4
A1
S1
A2
S2
A5
A6
A7
A8
A5
A6
A7
A8
A3
S3
A4
S4
S1
S2
S3
S4
A5
S5
A6
S6
S5
S6
S7
S8
A7
S7
A8
S8
Series is loaded without copy
Copied series is appended to

the end (Appended)
Series A: original series
Series S: copied series
Copied series is inserted

(Interleaved)
O.6
If you have created the film job by drag & drop, no copies of
the series are created.
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Operator Manual
Filming
Aspect Ratio
Configuring Filming
O.6
O.6
Define the size with which you want the images to be displayed in the segments:
Keep visible part: The image is displayed in the segment
with maximum size, without being cropped. This is the
default.
Page O.49, Fit to segment
Original Image: The image is displayed in its original size.
Depending on the original size, the image might be cropped
or displayed too small in the segment.
Page O.410, Original image
Clip document: The image is enlarged so that it fills the
entire segment. The overlapping edges are cropped accordingly.
Page O.49, Clip document
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O.613
Configuring Filming
Filming
Associating layouts with a study or

series
O.6
In the Filming Study Layout window, you can assign a specific

layout to a study. This can either be a layout you have created
yourself or one that has been created by the Siemens Service
during configuration of your system.
O.6
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O.614
Operator Manual
Filming
Configuring Filming
Assigning film layouts
O.6
You can only assign one specific layout to each study or series.
This layout is then automatically used for filming the images. O.6
You can assign a layout by selecting a study or series stored on
your system and the layout required and then linking the two. O.6
If a layout other than the standard layout is already assigned
to a study or series, you must first cancel this link before you
can assign a new study-specific layout.
Page O.618, Canceling a layout assignment
In the Film layouts selection list, you will find a list of the available layouts.
O.6
Selecting a film layout
O.6
O.6
O.6
Select the required film layout.
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O.615
Configuring Filming
Selecting a study/series
Filming
O.6
O.6
In the Available Studies area, you can see a list of the studies
with their series.
O.6
Click on the + - symbol in front of a study to display the
series associated with it.
You can only select entire studies if they are not subdivided
into series. In such cases, the + - or - - symbol in front of
the entry is missing.
Click a series or study to select it.

Linking the layout
O.6
O.6
Click on the Down arrow button to assign the layout to the

selected study or series.
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Operator Manual
Filming
Displaying the layout

assignment
Configuring Filming
O.6
As soon as you have assigned a study-specific layout, the corresponding study or series is entered in the Studies/Series
linked to selected layout list.
O.6
Here you can see for what studies or series the displayed layout
is set.
O.6
In the Currently linked layout column in the Available Studies area, you can see which layout is linked with a certain
study.
O.6
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O.617
Configuring Filming
Filming
Canceling a layout assignment
O.6
If you want to assign a different study-specific film layout to an

study or series, you must first cancel the old layout assignment.O.6
Select the study or series in question in the Studies/Series
linked to selected layout list.
O.6
Click on the Up arrow button.

The standard layout is now assigned to the study or series
again and you can assign a new study-specific layout.
O.6
Deleting a layout
O.6
Your system can store and manage up to 100 layouts. Therefore you should regularly delete those film layouts that you no
longer require to make space for new study-specific layouts that
you create in the Filming Layout window.
O.6
Select a layout that you no longer require from the Film layouts selection list.
O.6
Click on the Delete Layout button.

The entry will be deleted from the list.
O.6
You cannot delete the Layout General Default.
0.0
O.618
Operator Manual
APPENDIX
References
P.0
P.1 Measurement Parameters

Slice parameters ............................................................ P.12
Slice group/slab group
Routine, Geometry Common ................................ P.13
Slices/slabs
Dist. factor
Slice thickness
Routine, Geometry Common,
Resolution Common .................................................. P.16
Slices per slab
Orientation
Position
Routine, Geometry Common .............................. P.111
Phase enc. dir.
Phase oversampling
Slice oversampling
Saturation ..................................................................... P.117
Saturation mode
Geometry Saturation .......................................... P.117
Standard saturation regions
Parallel and tracking saturation regions
Navigator objects ......................................................... P.121
Navigator
Geometry Navigator ........................................... P.121
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P1
References
syngo MR
Position
Geometry Navigator ............................................ P.122
Orientation
Rotation
FoV phase
FoV read
Thickness
Resp. control
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.124
Scout mode
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.126
Scout duration
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.126
Scout TR
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.126
Accept window
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.127
Position accept window
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.128
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.128
Accept. position
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.128
Search window
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.129
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.129
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.129
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Operator Manual
syngo MR
References
Tracking factor
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.130
Physio PACE ....................................................... P.130
Excitation sequence of slices ....................................... P.131
Multi-slice mode
Geometry Common, Sequence Part 1 ............... P.131
Series
Geometry Common ............................................ P.133
Concatenations
Physio Signal1, Physio PACE .................................. P.134
Image numbering
System Miscellaneous ........................................ P.135
Image contrast and resolution ...................................... P.137
Repetition time (TR)
Routine, Contrast, Geometry Common,
Physio Signal1 ......................................................... P.137
Echo time (TE)
Routine, Contrast ................................................ P.138
Inversion time (TI)
Contrast, Physio Cardiac .................................... P.139
Delay time (TD)
Contrast .............................................................. P.139
Averages
Routine, Contrast ................................................ P.140
Flip angle
Contrast, ToF ...................................................... P.140
Magn. preparation
Contrast, Physio Cardiac .................................... P.141
Reconstruction
Contrast .............................................................. P.142
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References
syngo MR
Fat suppression
Contrast, Geometry Saturation,
Physio Cardiac ......................................................... P.143
Fat sat. mode
Contrast, Geometry Saturation ........................... P.144
Water suppression
Restore Magn.
Magnetization transfer (MTC)
Contrast, Angio Common .................................... P.146
FoV read, FoV phase
Resolution Common................................................. P.147
Base resolution
Resolution Common ............................................ P.150
Phase resolution
Interpolation
Slice resolution
Routine, Resolution Common ............................. P.157
PAT mode
Resolution iPAT ................................................... P.158
Accel. Factor PE
Max. recomm. Factor PE
Ref. lines PE
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P4
Operator Manual
syngo MR
References
Accel. Factor 3D
Resolution PAT .................................................... P.162
Max. recomm. Factor 3D
Resolution PAT .................................................... P.163
Ref. lines 3D
Resolution PAT .................................................... P.164
Matrix coil mode
Filter
Routine, Resolution Common ................................. P.168
Parameters for dynamic scanning ............................... P.177
Contrast, BOLD ................................................. P.177
Measurements
Contrast, BOLD, Perf, Inline Breast,
Inline Common ........................................................ P.177
Pause after meas.
Contrast, BOLD, Inline Breast ............................. P.178
Delay in TR
Contrast, BOLD .................................................. P.179
Multiple series
Contrast, BOLD, Perf. ......................................... P.180
Position of the scan region ........................................... P.181
Combining array images
Scan at current table position
Scan Region Position
Scan region Memory
Coils and coil elements
Routine, System Coils ............................................. P.185
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P5
References
syngo MR
Sequence-specific parameters ..................................... P.188

Introduction
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.188
Dimension
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.189
Elliptical scanning
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.189
Phase stabilization
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.190
Compensate T2 decay
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.190
Averaging mode
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.191
Sorting
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.191
Asymmetric echo
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.192
Contrasts
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.192
Bandwidth
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.193
Allowed delay
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.193
Flow compensation
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.194
Echo spacing
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.195
Manual echo spacing
Sequence Part 1 ................................................. P.195
Turbo factor
Sequence Part 2 ................................................. P.196
EPI factor
Sequence Part 2 ................................................. P.196
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Operator Manual
syngo MR
References
Segments
Sequence Part 2, Physio Signal1 ....................... P.196
Combined echoes
Sequence Part 2 ................................................. P.197
RF Pulse Type
Sequence Part 2 ................................................. P.197
Gradient mode
Sequence Part 2 ................................................. P.198
Excitation
Sequence Part 2 ............................................... P.1100
RF spoiling
Sequence Part 2 ............................................... P.1100
Application-specific parameters ................................. P.1101
Inflow
Angio Common ................................................. P.1102
Flow direction
Angio Common ................................................. P.1102
Angio Common ................................................. P.1103
Time to Center
Angio Common ................................................. P.1103
Flow mode
Angio Common ................................................. P.1104
Flow velocity
Angio Common ................................................. P.1105
Velocity enc.
Angio Common ................................................. P.1105
Direction
Angio Common ................................................. P.1105
Rephased images
Angio Common ................................................. P.1106
Magnitude images
Angio Common ................................................. P.1106
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P7
References
syngo MR
Magnitude sum
Angio Common ................................................. P.1106
Phase images
Angio Common ................................................. P.1106
Diffusion mode
Diff ..................................................................... P.1107
Diff. weightings
Diff ..................................................................... P.1108
b-value
Diff ..................................................................... P.1109
Diffusion-weighted images
Diff ..................................................................... P.1109
Trace-weighted images
Diff ..................................................................... P.1110
Average ADC maps
Diff ..................................................................... P.1110
Individual ADC maps
Diff ..................................................................... P.1111
Noise level
Diff ..................................................................... P.1111
Diffusion moment
Diff ..................................................................... P.1111
Diff. directions ........................................................ P.1112
Original images
Perf .................................................................... P.1113
Time-to-Peak-Map (TTP)
Perf, Inline Breast .............................................. P.1113
Perf .................................................................... P.1114
Perf .................................................................... P.1114
Wash - In
Inline Breast ...................................................... P.1114
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Operator Manual
syngo MR
References
Color table
Inline Breast ...................................................... P.1115
First measurement
Inline Breast ...................................................... P.1115
Last measurement
Inline Breast ...................................................... P.1115
Highest value
Inline Breast ...................................................... P.1115
Wash - Out
Inline Breast ...................................................... P.1116
PEI
Inline Breast ...................................................... P.1116
Perf, BOLD ........................................................ P.1116
Motion correction
Perf, BOLD ........................................................ P.1117
Interpolation
Perf, BOLD ........................................................ P.1118
Spatial filter
Perf, BOLD ........................................................ P.1119
Filter setting
Perf, BOLD ........................................................ P.1119
t-Test
BOLD ................................................................ P.1120
Dynamic t-cards
BOLD ................................................................ P.1120
Threshold
BOLD ................................................................ P.1121
Window
BOLD ................................................................ P.1121
Paradigm size
BOLD ................................................................ P.1121
Paradigm table
BOLD ................................................................ P.1122
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P9
References
syngo MR
Dark blood
Physio Cardiac .................................................. P.1123
Tagging
Physio Cardiac .................................................. P.1123
Distance
Physio Cardiac .................................................. P.1124
Angle
Physio Cardiac .................................................. P.1124
Parameters for image evaluation ............................... P.1125
Subtract
Inline Common, Angio Inline ............................. P.1125
Saving images
Autoscaling
Scaling factor
Offset
Subtrahend
Std-Dev-Sag
Std-Dev-Cor
Std-Dev-Tra
Std-Dev-Time
MIP-Sag
MIP-Cor
0.0
P10
Operator Manual
syngo MR
References
MIP-Tra
MIP-Time
Inline Common, Angio Inline, Inline Breast ....... P.1132
Parameters for physiologically triggered scanning .... P.1134
1st Signal/Mode
Physio Signal 1 ................................................. P.1134
Average cycle
Physio Signal 1 ................................................. P.1136
Acquisition window
Physio Signal 1 ................................................. P.1136
Trigger pulse
Physio Signal 1, Physio PACE .......................... P.1137
Trigger delay
Physio Signal 1 ................................................. P.1137
Phases
Physio Signal 1 ................................................. P.1138
Calculated phases
Physio Signal 1 ................................................. P.1138
Threshold
Physio Signal 1 ................................................. P.1139
Respiratory phase
Physio Signal 1 ................................................. P.1139
Physio PACE ..................................................... P.1140
Cardiac trigger / respiratory cycle
Physio PACE ..................................................... P.1140
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P11
References
syngo MR
P.2 Text Annotations in Medical Images

Content of the image text components ...................... P.22
List of Coil Abbreviations in the Image Text ................... P.27
MAGNETOM Symphony a Tim System ..................... P.28
MAGNETOM Trio a Tim System ................................ P.29
List of image types ................................................... P.210
Inline reconstruction ................................................. P.211
Post-processing ....................................................... P.214
0.0
P12
Operator Manual
APPENDIX
P.1
Measurement
Parameters
P.1
This section provides a detailed description of the measurement parameters that allow value modifications within various
scan protocols in syngo MR.
P.1
These measurement parameters are combined into comprehensive groups of topics.
P.1
Each parameter description includes a reference to the parameter cards of the exam task card where the parameter may be
entered or modified.
P.1
The Exam part of this user manual provides instructions on how
to work with the parameter cards including the input tools available.
P.1
The Managing and adjusting the system part of this user
manual contains a detailed description of the parameters used
for system adjustment.
Page C.21, Adjusting the System
P.1
The Spectroscopy Manual provides information regarding measurement parameters relevant only for spectroscopy scans. P.1
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P.11
Measurement Parameters
References
Slice parameters
P.1
By entering slice parameters, you control the position, orientation, and extent of the slice to be measured.
P.1
The parameters available for editing in the parameter cards
vary depending on whether the current scan protocol is used for
a 2D or 3D scan. Measurement parameters with the same
name may have different characteristics for 2D and 3D scans.
P.1
During routine scan operation, the slices and slabs to be

measured are normally planned graphically in the reference
images using the toolbar for graphic slice positioning and the
mouse. The parameter cards are rarely used for this purpose.
0.0
P.12
Operator Manual
References
Slice group/slab group

Routine, Geometry Common
P.1
The slices or slabs to be scanned within a protocol are combined into groups.
P.1
The number of the slice group currently displayed is indicated.
All slice parameters currently listed on the Routine or Geometry card refer to this slice or slab group.
P.1
Displaying parameters of
another group
P.1
The selection list of the Slice group or Slab group field shows
how many slice or slab groups are planned in the current scan
protocol.
P.1
This list allows you to select another group and check and
change its parameters.
P.1
Creating new groups
P.1
The Plus button next to the Slice or Slab group selection list
lets you create a new group.
P.1
The new slice/slab group is added to the selected reference
image. To avoid overlapping, it is slightly offset compared to the
existing group to the far side.
P.1
Deleting a group
P.1
You can use the Minus button to delete the current group.
P.1
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P.13
References
Slices/slabs
P.1
P.1
The number of slices or slabs defines the extent of the examination region in the slice selection direction.
P.1
The larger the number of slices to be scanned, the longer the
scanning time for sequential multislice scans.
P.1
The number of slices or slabs possible with interleaved multiple
slice measurements depends on the repetition time TR. Therefore, the number of slices or slabs for a constant repetition time
can be increased only within the range limits. If the limit is
exceeded, the TR is automatically adjusted by the system. The
Confirm Parameter Changes message box notifies you of
parameter adjustments.
Page F.572
P.1
If you position and hold the mouse pointer over the Slices or
Slabs field, a tool tip displays the number of slices or slabs
planned in the scan protocol.
P.1
0.0
P.14
Operator Manual
References
Dist. factor
P.1
P.1
The gap between the slices of a slice group or the slabs of a

slab group is indicated as a percentage of the slice thickness or
slab thickness.
P.1
At 100%, the gap between the slices/slabs is exactly one slice/
slab thickness. Negative values cause the slices/slabs to overlap.
P.1
If you position and hold the mouse pointer over the spin box,
a tool tip displays the gap between the slices/slabs in millimeters.
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P.15
References
Slice thickness
Routine, Geometry Common, Resolution Common
P.1
P.1
Together with the number of slices, the slice thickness determines the extent of the scan region in the slice-selection direction.
P.1
2D scans
P.1
In the case of 2D scans, the slice thickness corresponds to the

thickness of a slice within a slice group.
P.1
Changing the slice thickness changes the distance between the
slices as well because the distance is calculated from the distance factor entered as a percentage of the slice thickness.
P.1
3D scans
P.1
In case of 3D scans, the slice thickness corresponds to the

effective thickness of the individual slices of the slabs (partitions).
P.1
Increasing the slice thickness in 3D scans increases the slab
thickness as well because the slab thickness is calculated from
the number of slices and the slice thickness.
P.1
Increasing the slice thickness improves the signal-to-noise
ratio, but degrades the spatial resolution in the slice selection
direction.
0.0
P.16
Operator Manual
References
Slices per slab

P.1
The Slices per slab parameter shows the number of slices per
slab. The slab thickness is adjusted after each change because
the thickness is calculated from the number of slices and the
slice thickness. In addition, absolute slice oversampling
changes since it is defined as a percentage of the slab thickness.
P.1
If you position and hold the mouse pointer over the spin box,
a tool tip displays the resulting slab thickness in millimeters.
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P.17
References
Orientation
P.1
The orientation indicates the position of the slice or slab group

in space based on the patient coordinate system.
P.1
Selecting a main
orientation
P.1
The Orientation selection list allows you to orient the current

slice/slab group on one of the main orientations of the patient
coordinate system.
P.1
Transverse slice plane
Sagittal slice plane

Coronal slice plane
R
F
0.0
P.18
Operator Manual
References
Planning oblique and

double-oblique slices
P.1
Clicking this button next to the selection list opens the Orientation dialog box where you can select oblique or double-oblique
orientation for your current slice/slab group.
P.1
Example of oblique slice orientation:
P.1
S > C30 corresponds to a sagittal slice tilted by 30 toward the

coronal slice.
P.1
Sagittal slice
Coronal slice
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P.19
References
Example of double-oblique slice orientation:
P.1
S > C33.7 > T 25.7 corresponds to a sagittal slice tilted by 33.7

in the coronal direction followed by another 25.7 in the transverse direction.
P.1
Sagittal slice
Transverse slice
Coronal slice
Flip and rotation angles are normally indicated in the following

order:
P.1
Larger rotation angles are listed first
(not S > C10 > T30 but S > T30 > C10).
The angles are always indicated in the main orientation of
the slice (not T > S46 but S > T44).
If your entries do not follow these conventions, the system will
rearrange the values accordingly.
P.1
0.0
P.110
Operator Manual
References
Position
P.1
The Position field shows the position of the center of the slice
or slab group.
P.1
If the position matches the isocenter, the input field is grayed
out.
Displaying the slice
position
P.1
If you position and hold the mouse pointer over the Position
field, a tool tip indicates the slice position.
P.1
Phase Offcenter
shows the offset in the phase-encoding direction
Read Offcenter
shows the offset in the readout direction
Slice Shift
shows the offset in the slice selection direction
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P.111
Changing the slice

position
References
P.1
The Position selection list lets you move the current slice and
slab group into the magnet isocenter.
P.1
Or
P.1
Click this button next to the selection list to display the Position dialog box.
This window allows you to position your slice/slab group with a
precision of 0.1 mm.
P.1
If necessary, select the Position mode.
L-P-H
This mode allows you to enter the shift based on the patient
coordinate system.
L - to the left (negative value: shift to the right),
P - to posterior (negative value: to anterior),
H - in direction of the head (negative value: in direction of the
feet).
Offcenter shift
This mode allows you to enter the shift in the gradient directions:
Phase - offcenter in phase-encoding direction
Read - offcenter in readout direction
Shift - shift in slice selection direction
The selected Position mode is maintained after the current
slice positioning procedure. When you open the Position dialog box the next time (even from another protocol), the position mode previously selected continues to apply.
0.0
P.112
Operator Manual
References
Phase enc. dir.

P.1
The current phase-encoding direction (direction of the phaseencoding gradient) is indicated in the main orientations of the
patient coordinate system.
P.1
You can change the phase-encoding direction. This will swap
the phase-encoding and readout direction.
P.1
Using this method allows you to prevent aliasing artifacts in the
phase-encoding direction or change the direction of flow and
motion artifacts.
P.1
The selection list Phase enc. dir. on the parameter cards contains only options relevant to the current slice/3D slab orientation.
P.1
Slice orientation
transverse
Slice
orientation
transverse
Readout direction
Readout direction
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Phase oversampling
P.1
Phase oversampling increases the phase-encoded area symmetrically on both sides of the field of view (FoV). This extended
FoV area is not displayed in the reconstructed image.
P.1
Phase oversampling is used to prevent overfolding artifacts.
Aliasing artifacts occur when the excited body regions are
larger than the field of view (FoV) in the phase-encoding direction. These regions are visibly "folded" on the opposite side of
the image.
P.1
Phase oversampling increases the scan time. The signal-tonoise ratio is improved.
P.1
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Phase oversampling is indicated as a percentage of the field of

view (FoV) in the phase-encoding direction.
P.1
Example: with 30% phase oversampling, the scan region
increases by 15% on both sides of the phase-encoding direction.
P.1
Phase oversampling on both sides

of the field of view
Oversampling is automatically applied in the readout direction because it does not increase the scan time.
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References
Slice oversampling
P.1
Slice oversampling increases the phase-encoded area symmetrically on both sides of the slab in the slice selection direction.
P.1
This creates slices that are reconstructed but not displayed in
the image. Using this method allows you to prevent aliasing artifacts in the slice-selection direction for 3D scans.
P.1
Slice oversampling is indicated as a percentage of the slab
thickness.
P.1
Slice oversampling on both
sides of the slab
Slab
Similar to phase oversampling, slice oversampling increases

the scan time while improving the signal-to-noise ratio.
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Saturation
P.1
Saturation regions are areas where the signal is saturated

using special RF pulses. You can use saturation regions to
avoid motion artifacts.
P.1
Depending on the scan protocol and the slice or slab groups
planned, you can define standard, parallel, or tracking saturation regions.
P.1
Saturation mode
Geometry Saturation
P.1
The Saturation mode selection list allows you to select the frequency for transmitting saturation pulses.
P.1
Standard
Saturation pulses are transmitted before each scan.
Quick
Saturation pulses are not transmitted before each scan.
Selecting the Quick saturation mode lets you reduce the scan
time with fat/water saturation and regional saturation (regular
and parallel saturation regions). During runtime, the sequence
calculates the frequency for transmitting the saturation pulses.P.1
Quick mode can be used e.g. for breath-hold studies to
reduce scan time.
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References
Standard saturation regions

Geometry Saturation
P.1
Standard saturation regions are numbered and may be positioned as required.

P.1
You may:
P.1
freely position standard saturation regions using their Orientation and Position.
The procedure is similar to the positioning of slice and slab
groups.
Page P.18, Page P.111
change the thickness of standard saturation regions.
New saturation region
P.1
The Plus button next to the saturation region field lets you add
new saturation regions to the scan protocol.
P.1
Deleting a saturation
region
P.1
The Minus button lets you delete the current saturation region.P.1
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Parallel and tracking saturation regions

Geometry Saturation
P.1
Parallel or tracking saturation regions are always linked to a

slice or slab group.
P.1
As a result, it is not possible to change the position and orientation of these saturation regions. Instead, the position of these
regions is automatically adjusted by the system whenever you
move or rotate the slice or slab group.
P.1
The Special sat. selection list lets you select a parallel or tracking saturation region.
Special saturators can be applied only if there is just one slice/
slab.
P.1
Tracking saturation regions are excited before the scanning
of each slice at the specified distance either "before" or "after"
the slice and in the specified thickness. In this way, they are
tracking the slice currently scanned within the slice group.
P.1
Parallel saturation regions are positioned either on one side
or on both sides parallel to the slice group. These saturation
regions do not move along with the slice, but rather remain at
the specified distance "before" or "after" or on both sides of the
slice group.
P.1
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The setting "before" or "after" the slice or slice group is displayed in the main orientation of the slice group:
P.1
For transverse main orientation: H ("before")/F ("behind")
For sagittal main orientation: L ("before")/R ("behind")
For coronal main orientation: P ("before")/A ("behind")
"Before" means that the saturation region tracks ahead and
"behind" that the saturation region tracks behind.
P.1
The Thickness spin box allows you to enter the slice thickness
of the saturation regions.
P.1
The Gap spin box allows you to enter the distance from the corresponding slice or slab group.
P.1
Use of special RF pulses allows for saturation of the water

proton or fat proton signals. For information on how to set the
parameters for fat and water saturation, refer to
Page P.143, Fat suppression Contrast, Geometry Saturation, Physio Cardiac
Page P.145, Water suppression Contrast, Geometry
Saturation.
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Navigator objects
P.1
You can define navigator objects for special navigator

sequences, for example, to measure respiratory movement. P.1
P.1
Navigator
Geometry Navigator
P.1
This is where you select the type of the navigator object currently displayed. All parameters currently displayed on the
Geometry Navigator card refer to this navigator object.
P.1
You position the navigator exactly on the dome of the diaphragm. Use coronal as well as transverse images for optimal
positioning.
P.1
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Position
Geometry Navigator
P.1
The Position field shows the position of the center of the

selected navigator object.
P.1
If the position matches the isocenter, the input field is grayed
out.
Changing the position of

the navigator object
P.1
The procedure is similar to changing the slice position.

Page P.112, Changing the slice position
P.1
Orientation
Geometry Navigator
P.1
The Orientation field lets you select the position of the navigator object in the patient coordinate system.
Page P.18, Selecting a main orientation
P.1
Changing the orientation of

the navigator object
P.1
The procedure is similar to changing the slice orientation.
Page P.19, Planning oblique and double-oblique slices
P.1
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Rotation
Geometry Navigator
P.1
Only 90 or 0 angles are supported for the rotation of navigator

objects. This is equivalent to swapping the readout and phaseencoding directions.
P.1
FoV phase
Geometry Navigator
P.1
The FoV phase field lets you enter the extent of the navigator
object in the phase-encoding direction in millimeters.
P.1
FoV read
Geometry Navigator
P.1
The FoV read field lets you enter the extent of the navigator
object in the readout direction in millimeters.
P.1
Thickness
Geometry Navigator
P.1
The Thickness field allows you to enter the extent of the navigator slice in millimeters.
P.1
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Resp. control
Physio PACE
P.1
The Resp. control field lets you select a method for suppressing respiratory artifacts.
P.1
Off
Navigator control is switched off.
Breath-hold
The slices of a concatenation will be scanned as soon as you
press the Scan Breathhold button on the inline display. The
number of manual starts required for the complete scan
equals the number of concatenations set.
Breath-hold & Monitor
Similar to Breath-hold. However, in addition, the respiratory
curve of the patient before the first breathhold as well as during pauses between breathhold intervals is monitored using
the Navigator.
Breath-hold & Follow
Similar to Breath-hold & Monitor. In addition, however, the
calculated offset of the diaphragm position between breathhold intervals is used to adjust the positions of the slices to
be scanned in real time.
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Gate
The image data are only accepted if the diaphragm position
is within the acceptance window.
Gate & Follow
If the navigator result is within the acceptance window, the
positions of the slices to be scanned are offset in accordance
with the navigator result and scanning is resumed with the
next iteration of the loop structure. Otherwise, the current
loop is repeated.
Trigger
Respiratory triggering reduces motion artifacts by synchronizing measurement of the image data with the respiratory
cycle of the patient.
A block of image data is acquired as soon as the sequence
of scanned diaphragm positions shows the end of the expiration phase.
Trigger & Follow
Similar to Trigger. However, in addition, the positions of the
slices to be scanned are offset in accordance with the navigator result.
Monitor only
The navigator signals are calculated and displayed in the
usual way, however, they are not used for controlling the
scan.
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References
Scout mode
Physio PACE
P.1
Scout mode is used to plan a preparation phase for measuring

only the Navigator signal. In this way you are able to check
whether or not the navigator records the respiratory signal as
required.
P.1
Scout duration
Physio PACE
P.1
If you select the Scout mode checkbox, you can enter the duration of the preparation phase under Scout duration.
P.1
Scout TR
Physio PACE
P.1
The Scout TR field allows you to enter the repetition time for the
navigator pulses.
P.1
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Accept window
Physio PACE
P.1
This parameter is available if you select the Breathhold & Follow, Gate, Gate & Follow, Trigger, or Trigger &
Follow option under Resp. control.
P.1
Breath-hold & Follow:

The deviation of the diaphragm position from the position immediately before the first breath-hold is determined. If the deviation
is greater than the value specified in the Acceptance
window , the slice positions are not changed for safety reasons. If the diaphragm deviation is greater than the limit value,
the result is implausible.
P.1
Gate, Gate & Follow:

The image data are acquired as soon as the deviation of the
diaphragm position (relative to the reference position) is less
than the value specified in the Acceptance window .
P.1
Trigger, Trigger & Follow:

Determines the vertical width of the yellow acceptance window
shown in the inline display. The trigger algorithm determines the
end of expiration as soon as the sequence of measured diaphragm positions (green curve) falls within the acceptance window. The acceptance window is not displayed while the patient
is breathing in.
P.1
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Position accept window

Physio PACE
P.1
If the respiratory control is set to Trigger or Trigger & Follow,

the Position accept window appears.
P.1
This parameter determines whether the system will set the center of the acceptance window "automatically" during the learning phase or whether you will set it "manually" as a percentage
in the Accept. position.
P.1

Physio PACE
P.1
This parameter only appears during Gate or Gate & Follow

respiratory control.
P.1
The Accept position (green) field allows you to enter the centering position of the accept window.
P.1
Accept. position
Physio PACE
P.1
With this parameter, you can set the center of the acceptance
window for Trigger and Trigger & Follow.The following
applies:
0 % of the center position correspond to the center position at
the end of expiration during the learning phase and 100 % corresponds to the center position at the end of inspiration during
the learning phase.
P.1
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Search window
Physio PACE
P.1
For Gate or Gate & Follow, you can enter the size of the window in millimeters in the Search window field.
P.1
The search window is displayed as a red box surrounding the
tolerance center in the Inline Display.
P.1

Physio PACE
P.1
For Gate or Gate & Follow, you can enter the centering position of the search window in millimeters in the Search window
(red) field.
P.1

Physio PACE
P.1
The temporal change of the navigator signal is displayed graphically in the Inline Display. These images can be saved in a
separate series.
P.1
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Tracking factor
Physio PACE
P.1
This parameter is available if you select the Breathhold & Follow, Trigger & Follow, or Gate & Follow option
under Resp. control.
P.1
The Tracking factor establishes the correlation between the
movement of the diaphragm and the resulting shift of the anatomy to be measured.
P.1
Physio PACE
P.1
The Chronological Position field lets you select the time for
triggering the navigator signal (with Gate or Gate & Follow). P.1
Before the echo train of the image
After the echo train of the image
If you have selected Gate & Follow under respiratory control, the After the echo train of the image option is not available.
Before and after the echo train of the image
If you have selected Gate & Follow under respiratory control, the slice sequence algorithm based on the first navigator
signal and the gating algorithm based on the second navigator signal will change.
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Excitation sequence of slices
P.1
For multislice scans, the sequence of excitation can be defined

according to various criteria.
P.1
Multi-slice mode
Geometry Common, Sequence Part 1
P.1
P.1
This parameter allows you to select a scan method for multislice scanning:
P.1
Sequential - scanning slice by slice
All lines (phase-encoding steps) of the first slice are scanned
in sequence first, followed by all lines of the second slice etc.
Interleaved - scanning by lines
All the first lines (phase-encoding steps) of all slices within a
concatenation are scanned in sequence in one repetition
time TR first, followed by all second lines etc.
Single Shot - special mode for fast sequences
All lines (phase encoding steps) of one slice are scanned in
one go after excitation. Then all lines of the second slice in
one go etc.
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References
The Sequential multislice mode is necessary for a tracking saturation region. If you are planning a tracking saturation region
while Interleaved mode is set, the system automatically
switches to Sequential mode. The Confirm Parameter
Changes message box notifies you of parameter adjustment.P.1
The Interleaved multislice mode lets you reduce the scan time.
The individual lines of different slices can be excited in quicker
succession within a repetition time TR without affecting the signals of adjacent lines.
P.1
The Single shot multislice mode is available for very fast
sequences only (e.g. epi, haste, Turboflash). These sequences
do not offer any other modes.
P.1
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Series
Geometry Common
P.1
The Series measurement parameter lets you define the

sequence for slice processing.
P.1
The images are displayed in ascending order according to the
image numbers after reconstruction, irrespective of the
sequence for slice processing.
P.1
The following excitation sequences are available:
P.1
Ascending
The slices are excited starting at the beginning of the slice or
slab group (start -> end).
Descending
The slices are excited starting at the end of the slice or slab
group (end -> start).
Interleaved
Ascending
Interleaved
5
5
4
4
3
2
1
1
Descending
You can combine the Multi-slice mode Interleaved and

Series Interleaved settings for a very short TR and small
slice distance to avoid cross-talk.
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Interl. in B.-h.
If you select Interl. in B.-h. (interleaved in breath-hold interval), the slices are scanned separately for each breath-hold
interval of a multiple breath-hold scan, similar to Interleaved
mode (see Application Manual).
The Interl. in B.-h. option is available only if you are planning
a scan in multiple breath-hold mode after selecting either
Breath-hold, Breath-hold & Monitor, or Breath-hold & Follow under Resp. control on the Physio PACE parameter
card.
Concatenations
Routine, Geometry Common, Physio Signal1,
Physio PACE
P.1
After selecting the Interleaved or Single shot option in the

Multi-slice mode field, you can use the Concatenations field
to specify across how many TRs the scanning of the planned
slices should be distributed.
P.1
The system then determines across how many single sequential scans the slices will be distributed.
P.1
This method lets you acquire a large number of slices with a
short repetition time TR (T1-weighted imaging). Additionally,
slice cross-talk is reduced.
P.1
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If you select the Breath-hold, Breath-hold & Monitor, or

Breath-hold & Follow option under Resp. control for a scan
in multiple breath-hold mode, the Concatenations parameter
also determines the number of breath-hold intervals:
P.1
In Interleaved multi-slice mode, the number of breath-hold
intervals is the product of the Measurements and Concatenations parameter values.
In Single shot multi-slice mode, the number of breath-hold
intervals is the product of the Measurements, Concatenations, and Averages parameter values.
P.1
Image numbering
P.1
The System Miscellaneous card allows you to define the

image numbering.
P.1
The MSMA selection list lets you set the primary order for
image numbering.
P.1
Example: S - C - T
P.1
The reconstructed images are numbered as follows:
P.1
All sagittal images

All coronal images
All transverse images
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References
The Sagittal, Coronal, and Transverse selection lists let you

set the secondary order for image numbering.
The conventions of the DICOM patient coordinate system apply
( Page xv).
P.1
Sagittal R >> L or L >> R, Med >> Lat or Lat >> Med
The order of sagittal images is either ascending (R >> L from
the right to the left) or descending
(L >> R from the left to the right).
They can also be numbered with respect to their distance
from the isocenter (Med >> Lat or Lat >> Med). Sorting is
performed according to the sagittal position of the slice in the
LPH patient coordinate system.
Coronal A >> P or P >> A
The coronal images are numbered according to their position
in ascending order (from anterior to posterior) or in descending order (from posterior to anterior).
Transverse F >> H or H >> F
The transverse images are numbered according to their
position in ascending order (from foot to head) or in descending order (from head to foot).
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Image contrast and resolution
P.1
Among other factors, image contrast is critical for correct diagnosis.

P.1
The Contrast and Resolution cards as well as applicationspecific parameter cards are the primary tools for setting image
contrast and resolution parameters.
P.1
Repetition time (TR)

Routine, Contrast, Geometry Common, Physio Signal1
P.1
The repetition time is the time that elapses between two consecutive excitations.
P.1
Changing the repetition time affects the image contrast:
P.1
Short repetition times of about 400 ms produce good T1 contrast for spin-echo sequences.
Long repetition times of about 2000 ms produce good T2
contrast for spin-echo sequences.
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Echo time (TE)

Routine, Contrast
P.1
The echo time is the time between the RF excitation pulse and
the resulting echo that is measured.
P.1
For some sequences, the echo time cannot be changed. In this
case, the input field is grayed out.
P.1
You may enter several echo times for multi-echo sequences.
You can then scroll through the echo times using the arrow
keys. When you change a given echo time, the following echo
times will be adjusted accordingly.
P.1
For gradient echo sequences, a tool tip indicates the in-phase
and opposed-phase condition of the fat/water spin.
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References
Inversion time (TI)

Contrast, Physio Cardiac
P.1
P.1
The spins are inverted with a 180 RF pulse (inversion pulse).

The spins relax during an inversion time TI according to their T1
relaxation time. This spin preparation applies additional T1 contrast to the image.
P.1
In case of inversion recovery sequences, TI is the time that
elapses between transmission of the inversion pulse and transmission of the excitation pulse of the subsequent scan (e.g., a
spin echo pulse sequence). Depending on the TI, certain signals are suppressed (e.g., fat) and additional T1 contrast is
applied to the signal.
P.1
In case of turbo FLASH sequences, TI describes the time that
elapses between transmission of the inversion pulse and readout of the echo signal which is sorted into the center of the raw
data matrix (this echo determines the contrast).
P.1
Delay time (TD)

Contrast
P.1
Using the delay time, you can insert a pause between concatenations, for example, to give breath holding instructions during
measurements with breath holding.
P.1
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References
Averages
Routine, Contrast
P.1
Performing a scan several times improves the signal-to-noise

ratio. The results of repeat scans are averaged by the system.P.1
Please note that the greater the number of scans, the longer
the scan time.
Flip angle
Contrast, ToF
P.1
The flip angle specifies by what angle the longitudinal (z) magnetization should be rotated into the xy plane by the RF pulse. P.1
The flip angle directly affects image contrast.
P.1
With a 90 excitation pulse, for example, the longitudinal magnetization is rotated completely out of the z direction. If a
smaller flip angle is used, the magnetization returns to equilibrium more quickly allowing you to reduce the repetition time TR
(for gradient echo sequences).
P.1
For spin echo sequences, you can enhance the T1 contrast by
reducing the flip angle.
P.1
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References
Magn. preparation
Contrast, Physio Cardiac
P.1
P.1
You can affect the contrast by transmitting an RF pulse before

every scan.
P.1
The inversion pulse can be slice-selective or non-selective.
P.1
Consider whether your current sequence is an inversion recovery sequence (IR) or a saturation recovery sequence (SR). P.1
The following options are available in the Magn. preparation
selection list:
P.1
Slice-sel./Slab-sel. (IR or SR)
The scans are performed slice by slice.
Non-sel. (IR or SR)
The RF pulses excite the entire volume irrespective of the
current slice position of the scan sequence.
None
No inversion pulse is transmitted.
If you select the None option from the Magn. preparation
list, the TI parameter is not available on the Contrast card.
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References
Reconstruction
Contrast
P.1
MR images are usually magnitude images. The MR signal

intensity is displayed directly in these images.
P.1
In phase images, however, the grayscales correspond to the
phase positions of the spins (between -180 and +180). They
depend on the velocity of the spins as they move in the body
(e.g., velocity of blood flow). Spins with the same phase position
(i.e., velocity) have the same grayscale value in this type of
image.
P.1
In real images, the grayscale distribution indicates the real orientation of the longitudinal magnetization following an inversion
pulse.
P.1
You can select the image type(s) for reconstruction from the
Reconstruction selection list:
P.1
Magnitude - magnitude images
Phase - phase images
Real - real images
Magnitude/Phase - magnitude and phase images
Real/Phase - real and phase images
Real images can be selected only if an inversion pulse is
selected.
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References
Fat suppression
Contrast, Geometry Saturation, Physio Cardiac
P.1
As an alternative to fat suppression using an inversion pulse,

the Fat suppr. and Water suppr. selection lists provide a way
of suppressing the fat or water signal.
P.1
Since the resonance frequencies of water protons and fat protons are different, it is possible to suppress only the water protons or the fat protons using frequency-selective RF pulses. P.1
The Fast suppr. selection list contains the following options:
P.1
Fat sat.
Suppresses the fat signal and does not affect TE; however,
TR is increased substantially resulting in longer scan times.
Water excit. (normal)
Suppresses the fat signal; leads to a moderate increase in
TE and TR.
Water excit. (fast)
Suppresses the fat signal; leads to a moderate increase of
TE and TR, however, the effectiveness of fat saturation is
somewhat lower than in Water excit. (normal) mode.
None
Does not suppress the fat component in the MR signal.
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Fat saturation
References
P.1
You can reduce the scan time by selecting the Quick saturation
mode when applying fat saturation. Please note that not all
sequences support the Quick saturation mode.
Page P.117
P.1
Fat sat. mode

Contrast, Geometry Saturation
P.1
Via the selection list Fat sat. mode you can set the type of fat
suppression.
P.1
Weak
Weak saturation
Strong
Strong saturation
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Water suppression
P.1
The Water suppr. selection list contains the following options:P.1

Water sat.
Suppresses the water signal, does not affect TE;
however, TR increases significantly.
Fat excit.
Suppresses the water signal; has only a moderate effect on
TE and TR, resulting in a slight increase in scan time.
None
Does not suppress the water component in the MR signal.
Fat saturation
P.1
You can reduce the scan time by selecting the Quick saturation
mode when applying fat saturation. Please note that not all
sequences support the Quick saturation mode.
Page P.117
P.1
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Restore Magn.
P.1
You can use the Restore magn. option to speed up longitudinal

magnetization. As a result, the signal for T2-weighed acquisitions will be increasing (even for short repetition times).
P.1
Magnetization transfer (MTC)

Contrast, Angio Common
P.1
P.1
In addition to the saturation of water or fat protons, another type

of presaturation may be applied.
P.1
By applying a special RF pulse, magnetization transfer weakens the signal from tissue with a high macro molecular content
(e.g., white/gray brain tissue). This effect is hardly noticeable in
blood, so that the contrast between blood and white/gray brain
tissue is increased.
P.1
The MTC option is therefore used to obtain greater contrast
in images for vascular examinations.
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References
FoV read, FoV phase

Routine, Geometry Common, Resolution Common
P.1
The field of view (FoV) defines the anatomical region to be displayed (extent of scan in the readout and phase-encoding direction) and its resolution (pixel size).
P.1
The FoV in the phase-encoding direction (FoV phase) is
defined as a percentage of the FoV in the readout direction
(FoV read).
P.1
Square field of
view (FoV)
P.1
With the FoV phase set to 100 %, the system will scan a
square FoV. In other words, the same number of pixels is
scanned in the readout direction as in the phase-encoding
direction.
P.1
Phase-encoding
direction 4 steps
Readout direction
4 steps
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Rectangular
Field of view (FOV)
References
P.1
When examining elongated parts of the body, it can helpful to

work with a rectangular field of view to reduce the scan time. P.1
In order to obtain a rectangular FoV, you must set the parameter
FoV phase to a value less than 100%.
P.1
Phase-encoding
direction
Readout direction
Changing the field of view in the readout direction
P.1
Changing the FoV in the readout direction also changes the

FoV in the phase-encoding direction. This changes the pixel
size.
P.1
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Changing the field of view in the phase-encoding directionP.1

The gradients for encoding the phases are switched in the
phase-encoding direction (FoV phase).
P.1
You can only set the extent in the phase-encoding direction to
be less than or equal to the extent in the readout direction. If you
change the FoV in the phase-encoding direction, the number of
phase-encoding steps is always adapted to keep the resolution
ratio constant.
P.1
If you increase the number of phase-encoding steps, the
scanning time will be adjusted accordingly.
The phase-encoding direction is indicated by an arrow in the
image.
P.1
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Base resolution
Resolution Common
P.1
Base Resolution is used to specify the number of pixels in the

readout direction. This determines the spatial resolution in the
readout direction.
P.1
The base resolution is also the reference value for specifying
the percentage of resolution in the phase-encoding direction. P.1
The base resolution also determines the image matrix size.
You may double the size by selecting Interpolation.
Changing the number of
readout steps (example)
Enter the value 256 for the number of readout steps.

P.1
P.1
With phase resolution of 100% and a square FoV (FoV Phase

= 100%), the matrix is then 256 256.
P.1
The size of the pixels depends on the size of the field of view
(FoV) you have entered in the readout direction.
P.1
For an FoV of 256 mm in the readout direction, the pixels have
size 1 1 mm, for an FoV of 396 mm in the readout direction,
they have size 1.5 1.5 mm.
P.1
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Phase resolution
Resolution Common
P.1
Phase resolution is the resolution of slices in the phase-encoding direction expressed as a percentage value of the base resolution.
P.1
If phase resolution is 100%, the resolution in the readout and
phase-encoding directions will have the same value and the
pixels are square. At 75%, the pixels are oblong and the resolution decreases.
P.1
If you reduce the FoV in the phase-encoding direction, the number of pixels has to be reduced as well to keep the resolution
ratio constant. As a result, the number of phase-encoding steps
are reduced.
P.1
If you hold the mouse pointer over the Phase resolution
parameter, a tool tip will be displayed together with the matrix.
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Examples for image

resolutions
Field of view read
(mm)
References
P.1
P.1
Field of view
phase (%)
Phase resolution
(%)
Matrix size
Pixels (mm)
256
100
100
256 256
11
256
75
100
192 256
11
256
100
75
192 256
1,33 1
256
75
75
144 256
1,33 1
P.1
The pixel size is determined by both the base resolution and the
phase resolution, as well as by the FoV in the readout direction.
The base resolution determines the number of pixels in the
readout direction, and the phase resolution determines the
aspect ratio of the pixels (square or rectangular).
P.1
Changing the FoV in the readout direction changes the pixel
size, but not the aspect ratio. For very large pixels, the resolution of the reconstructed images decreases because the signal
is averaged across a larger area.
P.1
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Interpolation
Resolution Common
P.1
Interpolation increases the image matrix to twice its size without

increasing the scanning time (for example, from 256 256 to
512 512 matrix).
P.1
After interpolation, the transitions in the image will be softer
because the pixels are now smaller. You need four times the
memory to store the image in the database.
P.1
In an interpolated image, the interpolated matrix, not the scan

matrix, is shown bottom right in the image text. Interpolation
is indicated by the I after the matrix.
P.1
NOTE
Interpolation doubles the size of the image matrix in the
readout and phase-encoding directions. No interpolation is
performed in the slice-selection direction.
P.1
If you increase the base resolution, interpolation is
deactivated automatically.
Otherwise, reconstruction time
would increase considerably
You can activate interpolation at any time.
P.1
P.1
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Slice resolution
Resolution Common
P.1
In 3D scans, phase-encoding is performed in addition to the

readout and phase-encoding directions.
P.1
The Slice resolution parameter defines the resolution in the
slice-selection direction. The resolution ratio is expressed as a
percentage of the readout steps.
P.1
Slice selection
direction
Field of view
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With slice resolution at 100%, the phase-encoding table in the

slice-selection direction has as many steps as the number of
slices (partitions) to be reconstructed.
P.1
With slice resolution < 100%, fewer phase-encoded steps are
scanned in the slice-selection direction (resulting in a reduction
of the scan time). Additional slices are subsequently calculated
using interpolation. The slice thickness displayed in the image
text does not change. An "i" is simply appended to its numeric
value to identify it (e.g. SL 2.0i).
P.1
Example:
To obtain 32 slices, 24 slices are scanned with a slice resolution
of 75% and 32 slices calculated from them. The resolution in
the slice-selection direction is reduced accordingly.
P.1
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Resolution Common
P.1
If partial Fourier matrices are used for 2D scans, only part (at
least half) of the phase-encoding steps are acquired.
P.1
Phase partial Fourier allows you to reduce the scanning time
while maintaining the spatial resolution via asymmetric sampling of the k space in the phase-encoding direction.
P.1
This reduces the scan time and worsens the signal-to-noise
ratio.
P.1
Possible settings:
P.1
4/8 (half Fourier)

5/8
6/8
7/ 8
Off (use whole image matrix)
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Routine, Resolution Common
P.1
With 3D scans, you can change the image matrix and therefore
the scan time not only via the phase-encoding direction and
readout direction but also via the slice-selection direction.
P.1
Identical to phase partial Fourier, slice partial Fourier only
acquires a part of the raw data space acquired in the sliceselection direction (asymmetric sampling of the k space in sliceselection direction).
P.1
The signal-to-noise ratio decreases, however, resolution in the
slice-selection direction remains the same.
P.1
Possible settings:
P.1
4/8 (half Fourier)

5/8
6/8
7/ 8
Off (use whole image matrix)
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PAT mode
Resolution iPAT
P.1
The PAT mode selection list allows you to choose a PAT reconstruction mode.
P.1
This parameter is dimmed. The default is set to None in case
there are not enough coil elements or RF receive channels.
To use the PAT algorithm, at least two coil elements and/or
RF receive channels have to be used.
When opening a protocol and the selected matrix coils have
to be adjusted to the matrix coil mode, resulting in an insufficient number of RF receive channels, the PAT mode value
will be set to None (at least two RF receive channels have to
be used for applying a PAT algorithm).
Page P.165
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P.1
N OT E
The number of RF receive channels used depends on the
coils selected. For Matrix coils, the Matrix coil mode has to
be considered as well.
P.1
In the Matrix coil mode CP, one RF receive channel per
selected Matrix coil element cluster is allocated, in the Dual
mode, two RF receive channel are allocated, and in the
Triple mode, three RF receive channels per selected Matrix
coil element cluster are allocated.
P.1
The following options are available:
P.1
None
The PAT reconstruction method is not used.
GRAPPA
PAT reconstruction mode based on the GRAPPA algorithm.
mSENSE
PAT reconstruction mode based on the mSENSE algorithm.
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Accel. Factor PE
Resolution iPAT
P.1
Via the spin box Accel. factor PE the acceleration factor is set
in phase encoding direction for PAT reconstruction.
P.1
The acceleration factor in the phase-encoding direction may
correspond to the max. number of receive channels used.
Max. recomm. Factor PE

Resolution iPAT
P.1
This read-only parameter is shown in the online editor only for

processing the protocol within the measurement queue or for
direct measurement preparations in the parameter stack.
P.1
Based on the table position, the location of the slices and the
position of the selected coil elements, the system recommends
a max. Accel. factor PE.
P.1
P.1
N OT E
Values higher than the max. recommended Accel. factor
PE may have a negative effect on image quality.
P.1
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Ref. lines PE
Resolution iPAT
P.1
The Ref. lines PE spin box allows you to set the number of reference lines in the phase-encoding direction for a PAT reconstruction.
P.1
The number of reference lines in the phase-encoding direction cannot exceed the number of lines in the phase-encoding
direction.
P.1
N OT E
The max. number of Ref. lines is dynamically provided in
accord with the sequence and protocol parameters. P.1
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Accel. Factor 3D
Resolution PAT
P.1
The parameter Accel. factor 3D parameter is displayed only if

the protocol is based on a 3D sequence that supports PAT in
3D.
P.1
Use the associated spin box to set the acceleration factor in
the slice-selection direction for PAT reconstruction.
The acceleration factor in the phase-encoding direction may
correspond to the max. number of receive channels used.
P.1
P.1
N OT E
When changing the parameter Accel. factor 3D, slice
oversampling may have to be slightly adjusted depending
on the number of selected slices (adjustment is automatic
via the Scan Assistant dialog)
P.1
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Max. recomm. Factor 3D

Resolution PAT
P.1
This read-only parameter is shown in the online editor only for

processing the protocol within the measurement queue or for
direct measurement preparations in the parameter stack.
P.1
Based on the table position, the location of the slices and the
position of the selected coil elements, the system recommends
a max. Accel. factor 3D.
P.1
P.1
N OT E
Values higher than the max. recommended Accel. factor
3D may have a negative effect on image quality.
P.1
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Ref. lines 3D
Resolution PAT
P.1
The Ref. lines 3D parameter may be edited only if the protocol

is based on a 3D sequence that supports PAT.
P.1
Use the associated spin box to set the number of reference
lines in the slice-selection direction for PAT reconstruction.
The number of reference lines in the slice-selection direction
cannot exceed the number of slices in the slabs.
P.1
N OT E
The max. number of Ref. lines is dynamically provided
depending on the sequence and protocol parameters. P.1
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Matrix coil mode

Resolution iPAT
P.1
In the head-foot direction, Matrix coils consist of one or several

coil clusters. Each coil cluster consists, as seen from left to
right, of typically three individual coil elements. The Matrix coil
mode affects each of these coil clusters, determining the
behavior of the coil.
P.1
Matrix coils are operated in different Matrix coil modes:
P.1
CP (Circularly Polarized): The three coil elements of the coil

cluster act like a CP coil element. The coil cluster is read via
a RF receive channel.
Dual: The three coil elements of the coil cluster act like two
CP coil elements. The coil cluster is read via two RF receive
channels.
Triple: The three coil elements of the coil cluster act like
three individual CP coil elements. The coil cluster is read via
three RF receive channels.
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CP Mode
Lowest data volume
One RF receive
channel per coil
cluster
Dual Mode
Triple Mode
PAT factor 2 in left-right

direction
PAT factor 3 in left-right

direction
Two RF receive
channels per coil
cluster
Three RF receive
channels per coil cluster
P.1
If required, the system automatically changes the Matrix coil

mode as a function of the PAT mode selected. The currently
used Matrix coil mode is shown in round brackets behind Auto.
Auto (..) : Matrix coil mode recommended by the system:
P.1
If the PAT mode is changed by GRAPPA or mSENSE to the
None mode, the Matrix coil mode is changed to Auto (CP) so
as to optimize reconstruction times.
If the PAT mode is changed by None to GRAPPA or
mSENSE mode, the Matrix coil mode is changed from Auto
(CP) to Auto (Triple).
The settings are retained if the Matrix coil mode is set to Dual
or Triple.
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The Matrix coil mode is not available for installations with Tim
[32x8] systems. All Matrix coils are operated in the CP mode.
P.1
N OT E
Applies to Matrix coils only - other coil elements are not
affected.
P.1
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Filter
Routine, Resolution Common
P.1
To improve image quality, you can use filters for image reconstruction.
P.1
You can select any of the following filters:
P.1
Raw data (Hanning filter)

FoV compensation filter (large FoV)
Normalization filter, prescan
Normalization filter
Elliptical filter
You are able to either apply just one filter or combine several filters and use them simultaneously. However, please note a
number of filters are mutually exclusive (e.g. Raw data filter or
Elliptical filter).
P.1
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Raw data filter

(Hanning filter)
P.1
The outer rows of the raw data matrix contain the edge information (i.e. high spatial frequency) of an image. You can weight
specific lines with the raw data filter, for example, to suppress
edge oscillation.
P.1
Click the field to the right of the Raw data entry.

A selection list is displayed.
P.1
Select On.
The raw data filter is now active.
P.1
The Properties button is no longer grayed out. You can use

those button to open the Filter properties dialog box and set
specific settings for the raw data filter.
P.1
Click the Properties button.
The Filter properties dialog box is displayed.
P.1
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Select a filter strength from the Intensity selection list

(Weak, Medium, Strong, or Free).
The image will be more homogeneous by increasing the filter
intensity. However, image contrast may be compromised at
the same time. This means that weak filters should be used
whenever possible.
Slope shows the slope at the edges of the filter for the selected
filter intensity.
P.1
S: slope at the edges of the filter

W: filter width
If you have selected Free from the Intensity selection list, you
are able to define the slope yourself.
P.1
Enter a value for the slope in the Slope spin box.
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FOV compensation filter

(large FOV)
P.1
The large FoV compensation filter helps to correct geometric

(e.g. pincushion) distortions at the edges of the FoV.
P.1
Click the field to the right of the Large FoV entry.

P.1
Select On.
The FoV compensation filter is now active.
P.1
P.1
N OT E
If you use the FoV compensation filter, you are no longer
able to use the reconstructed images as reference images
for graphic slice positioning in a new examination.
P.1
P.1
Prescan normalization
filter
P.1
You are able to compensate for inhomogeneous image brightness with the Prescan normalization filter. The procedure is
similar to the "standard" (auto-calibrated) normalization filter.
However, the data for homogenization are determined via the
Prescan (max. possible FoV volume is imaged with a lower resolution than the preceding adjustment measurement) as compared to the measured image data used with the normalization
filter.
P.1
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P.1
N OT E
Use the "standard" normalization filter in place of the
Prescan filter whenever:
P.1
You are using the body coil for scanning

You are using transceiver coils or
You are using other than H-nuclei for imaging
P.1
Click the field to the right of the Normalize, Prescan entry.
Select On.
The prescan normalization filter is now active.
P.1
The Properties button is no longer grayed out.
P.1
Click the Properties button.

P.1
Click the Unfiltered images checkbox, if you want to save

the unfiltered images too.
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Normalization filter
P.1
If you are using surface coils, the area in the vicinity of the coil
will appear lighter in the images and darker the areas farther
from the coil. The signal intensity is greater in the vicinity of the
coil.
P.1
Use the normalization filter to reduce the brightness of areas in
the vicinity of the coil and increase the brightness in areas farther away from the coil.
P.1
Click the field to the right of the Normalize entry.

P.1
Select On.
The normalization filter is now active.
P.1
The Properties button is no longer grayed out. You can use

those button to open the Filter properties dialog box and set
specific settings for the normalization filter.
P.1
P.1
N OT E
The Filter properties dialog box is not available for the
normalization filter if you are planning a scan with the Body
Coil.
P.1
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References
Click the Properties.. button.

P.1
Select a filter strength from the Intensity selection list

(Weak, Medium, Strong, or Free).
The image will be more homogeneous by increasing the filter
intensity. However, image contrast may be compromised at
the same time. This means that weak filters should be used
whenever possible.
Width shows the bandwidth of the filter for the selected filter
intensity
P.1
Cut off shows the level of pixel brightness that excludes pixels
from image reconstruction.
P.1
This limit is expressed as a percentage of the maximum
intensity profile. If you set 20, for example, pixels whose intensity profile is below 20% of the maximum value will only be
corrected by a factor of 5 (=1/20%).
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If you have selected Free from the Intensity selection list, you
are able to define the bandwidth of the filter and the limit for
pixel brightness yourself.
P.1
Enter a bandwidth for the filter in the Width spin box.

Enter a limit value for the pixel brightness in the Cut off spin
box.
If you want to save both the images reconstructed with the normalization filter and the unfiltered images, activate the Unfiltered images option.
P.1
Click the Unfiltered images checkbox.

P.1
NOTE
Use of the normalization filter may lead to a loss of contrast
and an increase in background noise.
P.1
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Elliptical filter
References
P.1
With the elliptical filter, you will only use the center of the raw
data space (the corners are set to 0).
P.1
That improves the signal-to-noise ratio up to 10% (without loss
of resolution).
P.1
Click the field to the right of the Elliptical filter entry.

P.1
Select On.
The elliptical filter is now active.
P.1
Accepting filter settings
P.1
P.1

The filter settings are applied and the Filter Properties dialog
box closes.
P.1
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Parameters for dynamic scanning
P.1
In dynamic studies with contrast agent or in movement studies

(e.g. joints), you can repeat the scans at regular intervals. You
are able to track, for example, the inflow of the contrast agent,
the activation of a region of the brain (e.g. due to finger movement), or various stages of joint movement.
P.1
Contrast, BOLD
P.1
The Infinite measurement option sets the number of scans to

the maximum value.
P.1
If the Infinite measurement option is active, the Measurements parameter will not be displayed.
P.1
Measurements
Contrast, BOLD, Perf, Inline Breast, Inline Common
P.1
You set the number of measurements with the Measurements

parameters.
P.1
If you set fewer than 15 measurements, the GBP, PBP, and
TTP parameters on the Perf parameter card cannot be
selected. On the Inline-Mamma parameter card, the TTP
parameter is not activated if you select less than 2 measurements.
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Pause after meas.

Contrast, BOLD, Inline Breast
P.1
The Pause after meas. field is used for defining pauses (in seconds) for dynamic scans between individual scans. You are
able to enter individual pauses after each scan.
P.1
Click the horizontal arrow buttons below the input field of the
spin box to access a specific pause parameter.
Enter a value for the pause time in the spin box and change
the displayed value with the vertical spin buttons on the right
of the spin box.
If you hover the mouse pointer over the Pause after Meas.
parameter name, a tool tip will be displayed with the pause
time.
If you hold the mouse pointer over an input field of the spin
box, a tool tip will appear stating the starting and ending time
of the first 10 scans.
P.1
NOTE
In theory, you may define up to 64 separate pauses.
However, in most cases you set one pause that is the same
between all scans or you set the pause to zero.
If you increase the number of scans to 66, only the
automatic pause time can be set.
P.1
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Delay in TR
Contrast, BOLD
P.1
This spin box is used to set the time between consecutive

scans. The parameter appears in all ep2d sequences. The
delay in TR is shown in milliseconds.
P.1
Enter a value for the delay in the spin box and change the
displayed value with the vertical spin buttons on the right of
the spin box.
P.1
NOTE
You can only set one delay time which is the same for all
scans.
P.1
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Multiple series
Contrast, BOLD, Perf.
P.1
When you have planned several scan runs, you have a choice
to:
P.1
Click the Multiple series option to save the generated
images in separate series for each scan.
Or
P.1
Deselect Multiple Series to save all images acquired in one

series during multiple measurements.
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Position of the scan region
P.1
At the beginning of an examination, you mark the center of the

examination region on the patient using the laser light localizer.
Subsequently, you move this marked position into the magnet
isocenter (center position).
After you have defined a home table position (original table
position), all subsequent table movements for this examination
refer to it if the position of the scan region is changed.
In most examinations, you will run all protocols of your scan program at the home table position. In a few cases, the examination range may be so large that you have to move the patient
table and run protocols at different table positions. This means
that the positions of the scan regions are changed as well.
You can set the position of the scan region for a protocol as follows:
Load reference images including the scan region position
into the image area.
Page F.34, Using reconstructed images as reference
images
Change the parameters for the scan region position on the
System Miscellaneous parameter card.
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References
Combining array images

P.1
The image generated by an array coil is composed of images

from different array elements.
The Save uncombined option allows you to save the output
images of individual coil elements.
Scan at current table position

P.1
The Scan at current TP option specifies whether the protocol will be run at the current table position.
If the GPS of the online protocol editor contains reference
images at the time of switch on, the user is alerted via the
Scan Assistant Dialog and asked to unload the reference
images.
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Scan Region Position

P.1
This parameter is visible only, when the parameter Scan at current TP is deactivated.
This parameter shows the position of the scan protocol where it
is scanned. The parameter is entered in series block coordinate
system.
P.1
The position is determined:
P.1
(1) A protocol is opened. Images are loaded into the GSP and
the position of the scan region is taken from the reference
images. No Scan Assistant Dialog is displayed.
(2) The user is able to edit the position of the scan region. The
direction is determined via H (Head) or F (Feet) (selection
box); the position is defined in the value input field. If
images are in the GSP at this point in time, the user has to
decide whether to transfer the position from the protocol,
unloading the images from the GSP, or whether to transfer
the position of the images to the open protocol (displayed
in Scan Assistant Dialog).
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Scan region Memory

P.1
The selection list Scan Region Memory is visible only when

the parameter Scan at current TP is deactivated.
P.1
The list displays all scan region positions of the current series
block. You may select a scan region position from the list and
apply it to your protocol.
P.1
P.1
N OT E
When the image area of the task card Exam includes
images, all positions in the selection list Scan Region
Memory that do not correspond to the position of the scan
region of the loaded images, are set in square brackets. P.1
When selecting this type of position, the Scan Assistant
Dialog is displayed.
You have to decide whether to remove the loaded images
from the image area (use OK), so that you can apply the
selected scan region position or whether the scan region
position of the loaded images will be retained (use Undo).P.1
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Coils and coil elements

Routine, System Coils
P.1
You can select the coils you want to use for your examination in
the right half of the System Coil parameter card. The parameter system coil card is divided into an upper and lower area via
a stylized patient. The location of the patient visualizes patient
positioning.
P.1
Head left--> Head- first
Head right--> Feet- first
Page F.539, Matrix coil mode
P.1
There are:
P.1
Coil elements with unknown positions (in the upper area of

the system coil card)
Coil elements with known positions (in the lower area of the
system coil card)
P.1
N OT E
Prior to a scan, detection of coil positioning may be
performed. This will be performed, when, e.g., the table was
moved changing the position of the scan region.
When coil positions are detected, the coils are shown in the
lower area of the system coil card.
P.1
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Local coils
References
P.1
Matrix and Array coils consist of several elements that can be

selected independently of one another.
Depending on the examination region relevant to your diagnostic problem, you may activate different numbers of coil
elements.
A tool tip is displayed for each coil element; the tip includes
the coil name, coil element name, and the plug number.
Body coil Spine Matrix
P.1
When performing measurements with the body coil only, all

local coils are deactivated.
Click the Body button.
Deselecting body coil activates all local coils and coil elements that were previously active.
P.1
N OT E
Select the coil elements that are inside the region under
examination.
Coil elements outside this region degrade image quality. P.1
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Coil elements and the iPAT

acceleration factors
P.1
You have to have at least as many coil elements and/or

modes as stated as iPAT acceleration factors (please note
the coil mode for Matrix coils).
When deselecting coil elements with the technical result of
disallowing the acceleration factors set, the acceleration factors are lowered to provide for a (consistent) program that
can be measured (adjustment by means of the Scan Assistant Dialog).
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Sequence-specific parameters
P.1
Your system provides various different sequence types for your

scans.
P.1
As a function of the type of sequence associated with the scan
protocol, different display and input fields will be appearing on
the sub-cards of the Sequence parameter card.
P.1
Introduction
Sequence Part 1
P.1
You may want to inform the patient about the start of the scan
via short knocking noises from the gradient system. These
noises inform the patient that scanning is about to begin.
P.1
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Dimension
Sequence Part 1
P.1
The Dimension field allows you to specify whether the scan

protocol is to execute 2D or 3D scanning.
P.1
Switching from 2D to 3D changes the entries on various
parameter cards. They now contain slab group parameters
instead of slice group parameters.
NOTE
You cannot switch the dimension for all sequences. In such
cases this parameter is displayed dimmed or is not offered.P.1
P.1
Elliptical scanning
Sequence Part 1
P.1
In 3D sequences you can reduce the scanning time by up to

25% with elliptical k space scanning (no loss of resolution). P.1
The edges of the k-space (with minimal contribution to resolution) are not included in data acquisition.
P.1
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Phase stabilization
Sequence Part 1
P.1
Phase stabilization prevents phase errors caused, for example,

by respiration.
P.1
The Phase stabilize option is especially advisable for gradient
echo sequences with a long echo time (TE) to improve image
quality.
P.1
Compensate T2 decay
Sequence Part 1
P.1
This compensation for T2 decay is a procedure for avoiding

negative effects of the T2 decay during acquisition of long echo
trains.
P.1
Can be selected, e.g. for turbo echo sequences.
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Averaging mode
Sequence Part 1
P.1
If you are performing several scans, you can select a method for
averaging the scans:
P.1
Short term
gives a better signal-to-noise ratio while maintaining the best
resolution.
Long term
gives a better signal-to-noise ratio with optimized suppression of motion artifacts.
Sorting
Sequence Part 1
P.1
Reordering defines the acquisition sequence of the raw data

lines.
P.1
Linear
The k-space is stepped through linearly.
Centrally
The first scanned raw data lines are from the center of the kspace. This improves the fat saturation in single shot
sequences since the center of the k-space is scanned immediately after the fat saturation pulse.
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Asymmetric echo
Sequence Part 1
P.1
To reduce the echo time, an asymmetrical echo may be used in

the readout direction. The maximum asymmetry not to be
exceeded is defined in the sequence.
P.1
If the echo time is long enough, the echo is centered even if the
asymmetrical echo is permitted.
P.1
Echo asymmetry may lead to cut-off artifacts.
The asymmetry of the echo is shown as a tool tip.
Contrasts
Sequence Part 1
P.1
This parameter is used to define the number of image contrasts.

In this way, you can specify the number of images to be
acquired with different T2- (for example, se-tse sequences) or
T2* weightings (gre sequences) in one scan.
P.1
The Contrasts parameter is available only for a few
sequences.
You have to define an echo time for each contrast.
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Bandwidth
Sequence Part 1
P.1
The readout bandwidth determines the fat-water pixel offset

and the signal-to-noise ratio.
P.1
In some sequences, it is possible to assign a readout bandwidth
to each contrast.
P.1
If you keep the mouse pointer over the entry, a tooltip will be
displayed. The positional displacement between fat and water
is displayed in pixels.
Allowed delay
Sequence Part 1
P.1
Here you can define a maximum delay time after the end of
measurement. This parameter defines the earliest time you
may restart scanning.
P.1
The delay time is used to reduce the specific absorption rate
(SAR). The required delay time is automatically calculated by
the system and ranges between 0 seconds and the maximum
delay time.
P.1
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Flow compensation
Sequence Part 1
P.1
Flow compensation (gradient motion reduction) is used to avoid

signal loss and signal smearing due to moving spins. For this
purpose, additional gradient pulses are switched with a suitable
time duration and amplitude. Flow compensation can be performed in the readout and slice-selection direction, or just in the
readout or slice-selection direction (for example, for tse).
P.1
Some sequences enable you to specify flow compensation separately for each contrast. Use the arrow buttons under the input
field to scroll through the flow compensation.
P.1
The following settings are possible for each contrast:
P.1
Yes
Compensation in readout and in slice-encoding direction
Read
In readout direction only
Slice
In slice-encoding direction only
No
No flow compensation
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Echo spacing
Sequence Part 1
P.1
This is the distance between two echoes for turbospin echo

sequences or epi sequences.
P.1
Smaller echo spacing results in more compact sequence timing
and reduces image artifacts (improved resolution in the phaseencoding direction with turbospin echo sequences, reduced
distortion through susceptibility with EPI).
P.1
Manual echo spacing

Sequence Part 1
P.1
P.1
If the Manual echo spacing option is active, the Echo spacing

display field changes into a spin box and you can enter a value
for the echo spacing.
P.1
P.1
NOTE
Excessive echo spacing may cause increased distortion in
EPI sequences due to susceptibility.
P.1
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Turbo factor
Sequence Part 2
P.1
The Turbo factor specifies the number of refocused spin echoes per RF excitation that help generate an image.
P.1
It therefore determines the gain in scan time over a conventional spin echo sequence with comparable parameters.
P.1
EPI factor
Sequence Part 2
P.1
The EPI factor specifies the number of refocused gradient echoes per RF excitation involved in image generation.
P.1
In single-shot EPI sequences, the number of lines to be measured is used as the EPI factor.
Segments
Sequence Part 2, Physio Signal1
P.1
With the segments, you may define the number of rows in the k
space that are measured for an image during a TR interval. P.1
The Segments parameter is especially suitable for physiological imaging.
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Combined echoes
Sequence Part 2
P.1
The number of echoes acquired during a single measurement

may be combined to form an image (for example, MEDIC
sequences).
P.1
This method produces flow-compensated T2* images with a
high signal-to-noise ratio.
P.1
RF Pulse Type
Sequence Part 2
P.1
RF pulse type defines the length and the envelope of the radio
frequency pulses.
P.1
The following settings are possible:
P.1
Fast
short RF pulse, which may cause cross-talk between the
slices/slabs. This setting is therefore only recommended for
fast scans with medium distance factors (for example,
breath-holding techniques)
Normal
RF pulse with a good slice profile, allowing for scans with a
small distance factor and little "cross-talk"
Low SAR
extended RF pulse with a good slice profile and reduced specific absorption rate
You can select this setting to reduce SAR. This reduces scan
performance.
Optimized
optimized RF pulse for reducing slice cross-talk
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Gradient mode
Sequence Part 2
P.1
Here you define the rise time and maximum gradient strength
the gradients can be switched during the sequence.
P.1
The possible settings depend on the gradient system:
P.1
Fast
The gradient rise time and strength are utilized to the full.
This mode may cause peripheral nerve stimulation in the
patient. The fast option is only available on Quantum and
Sonata systems.
Normal
For many sequences this setting is a good compromise
between performance and noise.
Whisper
Guarantees quietest gradients possible at an acceptable
performance level.
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A high gradient rise time can lead to an exceeded stimulation

threshold and as a result to peripheral nerve stimulation in the
patient.
P.1
If the gradient mode is adjusted by the stimulation monitor, the
setting is marked by an asterisk *, e.g. Fast*. This means the
gradient slope times have been adjusted automatically to prevent the stimulation limit from being exceeded.
Page F.1434, Stimulation limit reached
P.1
You can change the mode from Fast* to Fast. To reverse the
mode, you need the stimulation monitor to ensure an optimal
adjusted sequence.
P.1
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Excitation
Sequence Part 2
P.1
This parameter defines how the RF excitation pulse is to be

transmitted.
P.1
Possible settings:
P.1
slice-selective or slab-selective
non-selective
If you have selected the non-selective option, aliasing artifacts may occur in the slice-selection direction.
RF spoiling
Sequence Part 2
P.1
The RF spoiler is used to destroy residual phase coherence of

spins and is used in gradient echo sequences to generate
FLASH contrast.
P.1
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Application-specific parameters
P.1
Depending on the sequence selected, the parameter card stack

might contain an additional card for application-specific settings.
P.1
The following application cards might be displayed:
P.1
Angio (Time-of-Flight angiography, contrast agent enhanced

angiography, phase contrast angiography, flow quantification)
Diff (diffusion-weighted imaging)
Perf (perfusion scans)
BOLD (Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent imaging)
Physio-Cardiac (cardiac imaging)
Inline Breast
Inline Common
The application-specific parameter cards contain a number of
parameters that are described on the preceding pages.
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Inflow
Angio Common
P.1
The shape of the RF pulse is adapted to the velocity and direction of the blood flow (slow, medium, fast) to prevent saturation
effects of the blood when it passes through a slice or slab. P.1
In this way, even signal distribution of the blood vessels of a slab
is achieved.
P.1
TONE method = Tilted, Optimized, Nonsaturating Excitation
Flow direction
Angio Common
P.1
Flow direction defines which direction of blood flow will be displayed.

P.1
The direction always refers to the patient coordinate system.
P.1
For example, in a mainly transverse slice you can select the

Head-Feet or Feet-Head direction.
P.1
As you change the flow direction, the saturation region automatically moves to the outflow side of the slab.
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Angio Common
P.1
The 3D centric reordering option causes quickest possible

scanning of the center of the raw data space in contrast agent
enhanced 3D angiography after contrast agent inflow.
P.1
The arteries show optimal contrast.
P.1
Time to Center
Angio Common
P.1
The Time to Center field shows the scan time required until the
scan has reached the k space center.
P.1
This information is required for timing the contrast agent bolus
in contrast agent enhanced angiography.
P.1
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Flow mode
Angio Common
P.1
Here you can define the flow encoding mode:
P.1
Single vel. - one flow sensitivity (flow velocity encoding)

Measures the velocity of blood flow in 3 spatial directions,
with reference to a flow sensitivity. This mode provides vessel display independent of the direction of flow.
Single dir. - one direction for several flow sensitivities
Measures the blood flow with reference to several flow sensitivities but only in one spatial direction.
This mode is used to acquire great variations in flow velocities (e.g., in the area of peripheral arteries).
Free
Permits free selection of the flow sensitivities and spatial
directions.
The input options for the following parameters depend on the
flow mode selected.
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Flow velocity
Angio Common
P.1
Number of flow sensitivities to be set
P.1
Velocity enc.
Angio Common
P.1
Determining the flow sensitivities in cm/s.
P.1
Direction
Angio Common
Flow-sensitive axis for each flow sensitivity entered.
P.1
P.1
Through plane
The flow-sensitive axis is perpendicular to the image plane.
Only flow moving perpendicular to the image plane is
detected.
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Rephased images
Angio Common
P.1
Reconstruction of a rephased image (magnitude image).

P.1
Magnitude images
Angio Common
P.1
Reconstruction of a set of magnitude images (1 image per flow

direction and flow sensitivity).
P.1
Magnitude sum
Angio Common
P.1
P.1
Reconstruction of a magnitude sum image from the contributing

images of a slice.
P.1
Phase images
Angio Common
P.1
Reconstruction of a set of phase images (1 image per flow

direction and flow sensitivity).
P.1
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Diffusion mode
Diff
P.1
The Diffusion mode describes the measurement method and

the diffusion-sensitive direction.
P.1
1-Scan Trace
Only one scan is required per image.
Advantage: Shorter acquisition time than in 3-Scan Trace
mode
3-Scan Trace
Three scans are required per image.
Advantage: shorter echo time and better SNR than in
1-Scan Trace mode
One diffusion-weighted image per slice position and b-value is
calculated. The diffusion weighting depends on the trace of the
diffusion sensor (mean value of the diagonal elements Dxx,
Dyy, and Dzz).
P.1
Orthogonal
Three images are acquired per slice position and b value (if
b0), one image with diffusion weighting each for the read,
phase, and slice directions.
For b-value b = 0, only one image per slice position is
acquired.
Slice
One image is acquired per slice position and b-value, the diffusion weighting is in the slice-selection direction.
Phases
One image is acquired per slice position and b-value, the diffusion weighting is in the phase-encoding direction.
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Read
One image is acquired per slice position and b-value, the diffusion weighting is in the readout direction.
Diagonal
In the HASTE sequence with a diffusion weighting, the diffusion weighting points in the direction of the spatial diagonal.
MDDW
MDDW stands for multi-directional diffusion weighting. One
diffusion-weighted images is acquired per slice position, per
b-value, and (for b> 0) per diffusion encoding direction. The
number of directions is defined with the Diff. Directions
parameter.
In MDDW mode it is not possible to calculate ADC maps or
other parameter images. This mode is mainly for customers
who have their own image post-processing system.
Diff. weightings
Diff
P.1
Number of diffusion weightings included in a scan. Individual

weightings have to be defined before measurement in the b
value field. You can enter up to 16 b values.
P.1
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References
b-value
Diff
P.1
The nominal b value is a measure of diffusion weighting.

It is expressed in s/mm2.
P.1
The number of possible b values is defined by the Diffusion

Weighting parameter.
P.1
The greater the value, the stronger the diffusion weighting. The
b-value increases with the intensity, duration, and time interval
of the diffusion-sensitive gradient pulses.
P.1
b value = 0 corresponds to one T2*-weighted image.
P.1
Diffusion-weighted images
Diff
P.1
Here you can define the reconstruction settings for inline reconstruction of the diffusion:
P.1
When you click Diff. weighted images, you obtain original
images with diffusion weighting. These images contain T1, T2,
and diffusion-weighted portions.
P.1
Diffusion weighting is performed in the direction set with the Diffusion mode parameter (e.g. if it is Slice in the slice-selection
direction).
P.1
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Trace-weighted images
Diff
P.1
This option calculates an isotropically diffusion-weighted

image, i.e. all spatial directions are averaged. This eliminates
signal variations in healthy tissue caused by anisotropic effects.
As a result, it is easier to identify abnormal areas with restricted
diffusion.
P.1
This option can be selected both in 1-scan trace mode and in 3scan trace (diffusion mode).
P.1
Average ADC maps

Diff
P.1
The ADC maps (Apparent Diffusion Coefficient) indicated the

grayscale values of the diffusion coefficients. The grayscales
are derived from scans with different diffusion weighting (b values).
ADC maps contain no T1 or T2 components.
P.1
The Average ADC maps option provides an ADC image in
which averaging has been performed over the different spatial
directions and b-values used.
P.1
The option can only be selected if at least two b values are
set.
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Individual ADC maps

Diff
P.1
Individual ADC maps show the ADC along the gradient axis.P.1
The option can only be selected if at least two b values are
set.
Noise level
Diff
P.1
The noise level is a threshold value used to determine the pixel

intensity for calculating ADC maps.
P.1
Diffusion moment
Diff
P.1
This parameter is only displayed for the psif sequence.
P.1
The Diff. moment is a measure of the strength of diffusion

weighting. It is the amplitude multiplied by the duration of the
diffusion gradient.
P.1
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Diff. directions
P.1
Diff
P.1
If you have selected the MDDW mode, you can enter the number of diffusion encoding directions under Diff. directions. P.1
You can set 6 or 12 directions.
P.1
The b-value and the diffusion direction are displayed to you in

the image text of the diffusion-weighted images acquired.
P.1
Example:
b1000#3 b=1000s/mm2, third direction of 6 or 12
P.1
For a precise definition of the individual directions refer to the

Application Manual, Chapter Multidirectional diffusion
weighting.
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Original images
Perf
P.1
In perfusion scans, the original images are always reconstructed and stored. You can use them for additional postprocessing functions.
P.1
Time-to-Peak-Map (TTP)
Perf, Inline Breast
P.1
If the TTP option is activated, a time-to-peak image will be calculated for each slice. The pixel intensity value in the image
shows the time (in seconds) that elapsed before the signal peak
was reached.
P.1
The brighter the areas in the grayscale image, the longer the
time until signal peak. For this reason, arrival of the contrast
agent is delayed.
P.1
If you have set fewer than 15 measurements, you cannot activate the TTP option. On the Inline Breast card, the option is not
activated for fewer than 2 measurements.
P.1
In color perfusion images, the TTP display depends on the
selected color scale.
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Perf
P.1
If the PBP option is activated, a percentage signal image will be

calculated for each slice. This image shows the signal change
of the bolus peak relative to the base line.
P.1
The lighter the regions are displayed in the image, the less contrast agent has arrived there.
P.1
If you have set fewer than 15 measurements, you cannot activate the PBP option.
P.1

Perf
P.1
With the GBP option activated, a global time-density curve is

calculated to assess the bolus passage that has just occurred.P.1
If you have set fewer than 15 measurements, you cannot activate the GBP option.
P.1
Wash - In
Inline Breast
P.1
Here you can define whether the parameters for signal change
in the starting range of the dynamic measurement series will be
enabled.
P.1
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References
Color table
Inline Breast
P.1
You can define color palettes for individual images.

P.1
First measurement
Inline Breast
P.1
For a Wash - In / Wash - Out calculation, you can define the

measurement to be used first within a measurement series.
P.1
Last measurement
Inline Breast
P.1
For a Wash - In / Wash - Out calculation, you can define the

measurement to be used last within a measurement series.
P.1
Highest value
Inline Breast
P.1
You are not using the value of the last measurement but rather
the highest value in the range between the first and last measurement for calculating the Wash - In parameter image.
P.1
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Wash - Out
Inline Breast
P.1
Here you can define whether the parameter card for signal
change will be calculated in the end range of the dynamic measurement series and the parameters enabled.
P.1
P.1
PEI
Inline Breast
P.1
Positive enhancement integral

P.1
P.1

Perf, BOLD
P.1
The Starting ignore meas spin box is used to define the number of first scans that are not used for evaluation (contrast has
stabilized).
P.1
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References
Motion correction
Perf, BOLD
P.1
If this option is activated, motion correction will be performed

during image calculation.
P.1
Small patient movements (0.3 mm) may cause significant artifacts in the functional information. In Fig. 1 these apparent
instances of activation are marked yellow. Using the 3D motion
correction, you can reduce the relative motion (translation and
rotation) between measured volume data sets (Fig. 2).
P.1
The motion correction is displayed in the image text.

Image type MOCO applies.
P.1
P.1
The comment line shows the correction parameters. The

images of the first repetition have only the comment "Reference
volume for motion correction".
P.1
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References
Example: Motion: -3.98, -0.27, 4.04, -2.48, 3.12, -0.35

The first three values show translation in the x-, y-, z-direction
(in millimeters) and the following three values show rotation
about the x, y, z axis (degrees).
P.1
Interpolation
Perf, BOLD
P.1
If the Motion correction option is activated, you can select an

interpolation method for motion correction in the Interpolation
selection list:
P.1
Linear - Linear interpolation
Fastest method of real-time post-processing
3D-K-space - Interpolation in Fourier space
The best quality method of real-time post-processing
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References
Spatial filter
Perf, BOLD
P.1
If you have selected the Motion correction option, you can

select low-pass filtering for softening the images under Spatial
filter.
P.1
The spatial filter increases the signal-to-noise ratio, but reduces
local resolution.
P.1
Filter setting
Perf, BOLD
P.1
If the Spatial filter option is activated, you can use the

Filter Setting spin box to set the width of the Gaussian filter
used. It defines the filter strength.
P.1
Example:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
P.1
No filtering
Weak (2.0)
Medium (1.0)
Strong (0.5)
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t-Test
BOLD
P.1
The t-test option provides a student's t-test evaluation. A

parameter map of the t values is calculated to locate the cerebral regions exhibiting significant signal differences between
the resting and active states.
P.1
The t-test option can not be selected if the number of scans
is less than 15. Neither can the associated parameters
Threshold, Window, and Starting ignore meas.
The t-test calculation is saved as an additional series.
Dynamic t-cards
BOLD
P.1
If the Dynamic t-cards option is activated, the t-cards generated during scanning are stored. This permits real-time operation of the Neuro 3D-task card.
P.1
A "StartFMRI" series is also created at the start of scanning.
P.1
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References
Threshold
BOLD
P.1
The Threshold spin box is used for entering a threshold value

for the t-test evaluation. At a certain level of intensity, pixels from
the t-test images will be used to calculate overlaid images. P.1
This threshold value does not apply to calculation of pure ttest images.
Window
BOLD
P.1
The Window selection list is used to set the t-test calculation

window.
P.1
Constant
Only the BOLD images of a paradigm cycle are used to calculate the t-test images. Previously acquired series are
excluded.
Growing
All acquired series are included in the calculation of the t-test
images. Signal differences are summed up to improve the
statistics.
Paradigm size
BOLD
P.1
The Paradigm size spin box is used to determine the number

of entries in the paradigm table.
P.1
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Paradigm table
BOLD
P.1
This table can only be edited if t-test is selected. You can make
one of the following settings for each scan here:
P.1
Baseline
The scan is performed as a functional scan without stimulation.
Active
The scan is performed as a functional scan with stimulation.
Ignore
The scan is not used for evaluation.
You may edit the cells in the right column of the paradigm table.
Just click them with the mouse. The selection list appears and
you can select one of the three settings listed above:
P.1
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Dark blood
Physio Cardiac
P.1
This option is used to transmit a special preparation pulse to

saturate the blood in cardiac sequences. The cardiac muscle is
then displayed especially well.
P.1
Blood then appears dark in the image, hence the name "dark
blood".
P.1
Tagging
Physio Cardiac
P.1
It is possible to excite tagging lines in the image plane. This provides for clearly visible differences in heart wall thickness.
P.1
Possible settings:
P.1
Grid Tag
Grid of lines as orientation aid. For visualizing regional and
global heart wall movements.
Line Tag
Parallel lines as orientation aids. For visualizing heart wall
movements in the long main axis view or four-chamber view.
None
No orientation aids
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Distance
Physio Cardiac
P.1
The Distance parameter allows you to select the distance

between the orientation aids (tags).
P.1
Angle
Physio Cardiac
P.1
If you have selected Line Tag as auxiliary lines, you can also
enter the angle between the orientation lines (tags) and the
phase-encoding direction.
P.1
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Parameters for image evaluation
P.1
Suitable series, e.g. from a contrast agent examination, can be

post-processed on the Viewing or 3D task cards with different
evaluation functions.
Page L.11, Dynamic Analysis
Page H.12, 3D evaluation method
P.1
You can set protocol parameters for the evaluation functions

Subtraction and Standard deviation and for the MIP projection on the Inline-Common or Angio-Inline parameter card
(for angiography examinations).
P.1
Subtract
Inline Common, Angio Inline
P.1
If the Subtract option is activated, subtraction evaluation is performed with a series of current scans.
P.1
This generates images showing, for example, changes after
contrast agent administration.
P.1
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Saving images
P.1
If the Save Images option is activated, the result images of the

subtraction will be
saved automatically.
P.1
The Save Images parameter is only displayed, if the Subtract option is activated.
Autoscaling
P.1
If the Autoscaling option is activated, the subtraction result

images are scaled automatically, that is, the display area of the
calculated values is adjusted automatically.
P.1
The Autoscaling parameter is only displayed, if the Subtract
option is activated.
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Scaling factor
P.1
The Scaling factor spin box is used for entering an individual

factor for scaling the display area of the calculated subtraction
values.
P.1
The Scaling factor parameter is only displayed, if the Subtract option is activated and the Autoscaling option is deactivated.
Offset
P.1
The Offset spin box is used for entering an offset for the lower
and upper threshold of the display area of the calculated subtraction values.
P.1
The Offset parameter is only displayed, if the Subtract option
is activated and the Autoscaling option is deactivated.
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Subtrahend
P.1
If multiple scans are set in the current protocol, the Subtrahend

spin box is used to define the acquired series that will be subtracted from all following series (subtraction within a protocol).
P.1
If only one scan is set, the acquired series for a subtraction evaluation will be used with the acquired series of another protocol
(subtraction across protocols)
P.1
In this case, it is not possible to edit the Subtrahend spin box,
and the selection of the subtrahend depends on whether the
protocol is identified as a contrast agent scan in the program
control.
P.1
If the protocol is marked as a contrast agent scan with a
syringe icon, the series last buffered on the image reconstruction system will be subtracted from the current series.
If the protocol is not marked with the syringe icon, the current
series will be loaded into the buffer of the image computer
and subtracted from the series of a following protocol.
The Subtrahend parameter is only displayed, if the Subtract
option is activated.
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Std-Dev-Sag
P.1
If the Std-Dev-Sag option is activated, standard deviation result

images with sagittal orientation are calculated from the
acquired slabs of the current protocol. You can see variances in
pixel values in the sagittal direction.
P.1
It is only possible to edit the Std-Dev-Sag parameter if it is a
3D scan and the number of slices in the slabs is at least 4.
Std-Dev-Cor
P.1
If the Std-Dev-Cor option is activated, standard deviation result

images with coronal orientation are calculated from the
acquired slabs of the current protocol. You can see the variance
of the pixel values in the coronal direction.
P.1
It is only possible to edit the Std-Dev-Cor parameter if it is a
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Std-Dev-Tra
P.1
If the Std-Dev-Tra option is activated, standard deviation result

images with transverse orientation are calculated from the
acquired slabs of the current protocol. You can see the variance
of the pixel values in the transverse direction.
P.1
It is only possible to edit the Std-Dev-Tra parameter if it is a
Std-Dev-Time
P.1
If the Std-Dev-Time option is activated, standard deviation

result images with the orientation of the acquired slice groups
or slabs are calculated from the acquired slice groups or slabs
of the current protocol. You can see the variance of the pixel values within the scan period. Both multiple phases and multiple
scans can be evaluated.
P.1
0.0
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Operator Manual
References
MIP-Sag
P.1
If the MIP-Sag option is activated, MIP images with sagittal orientation are calculated from the acquired slabs of the current
protocol.
P.1
It is only possible to edit the MIP-Sag parameter if it is a 3D
scan and the number of slices in the slabs is at least 4.
MIP-Cor
P.1
If the MIP-Cor option is activated, MIP images with coronal orientation are calculated from the acquired slabs of the current
protocol.
P.1
It is only possible to edit the MIP-Cor parameter if it is a 3D
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P.1131
References
MIP-Tra
P.1
If the MIP-Tra option is activated, MIP images with transverse

orientation are calculated from the acquired slabs of the current
protocol.
P.1
It is only possible to edit the MIP-Tra parameter if it is a 3D
MIP-Time
Inline Common, Angio Inline, Inline Breast
P.1
If the MIP-Time option is activated, MIP images with the orientation of the acquired slice groups or slabs are calculated from
the acquired slice groups or slabs of the current protocol. In the
calculation, the highest pixel value along the time axis is taken
into account.
P.1
It is only possible to edit the MIP-Time option if there is at
least one scan repetition or, in the case of triggered scans, at
least 2 phases are scanned.
0.0
P.1132
Operator Manual
References

P.1
The Save original images option is normally activated and can

not be edited. It is therefore possible to use the original images
for other postprocessing functions.
P.1
Only if an option for standard deviation or for MIP project is activated, can you deactivate the Save original images option. P.1
0.0
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P.1133
References
Parameters for physiologically

triggered scanning
P.1
Physiologically triggered scan synchronize physiological signals sensed on the patient's body with scans. This avoids
motion artifacts caused by the heartbeat or respiration.
P.1
You may also retrospectively assign acquired image data to
physiological signal curves.
P.1
You will find measurement parameters specifically for physiologically triggered scan on the Physio parameter card.
P.1
1st Signal/Mode
Physio Signal 1
P.1
The 1st Signal/Mode selection list allows you to select a physiological signal and a scan mode.
P.1
Selectable physiological trigger signals:

P.1
ECG signal
P.1
The ECG signal is detected on the skin surface with electrodes.

The signal shows the action potential of the heart as a curve. P.1
The individual curve phases correspond to the respective contraction or relaxation phases of the heart. The R wave in the
QRS complex is used as triggering point for the scan.
P.1
ECG triggering is especially suitable for scans of the chest and
heart, because such images would be blurred by the heartbeat
with the normal scanning method.
P.1
0.0
P.1134
Operator Manual
References
Pulse signal
P.1
Pulse triggering is especially suitable for suppressing motion

and flow artifacts that result from pulsating blood or CSF.
P.1
You can take the pulse signal, for example, from the middle finger of the patient with the pulse sensor.
P.1
The first pulse wave ("premature pulse wave") is used for triggering. This wave corresponds to the systolic blood pressure.P.1
External signal
P.1
You can input an external, digital triggering signal via the PMU
strip at the foot end of the patient table.
P.1
You use an external triggering signal, for example, for functional
scans (bold imaging) to trigger scanning of a series.
P.1
The rising edge of the signal is used to start the scan.
Respiratory signal
P.1
P.1
The respiratory signal is obtained with the respiratory belt. The

cyclic expansion and contraction of the thorax generates the
respiratory curve.
P.1
With respiratory triggering you can avoid motion artifacts
caused by the patient breathing.
P.1
ECG/Retro, Pulse/Retro,
Ext/Retro
P.1
Some special sequences allow retrospective gating. In this

case, the scan is performed with triggering. Instead, the
acquired image data are retrospectively sorted and subsequently correlated with the characteristics of a physiological signal.
P.1
Retrospective gating may be applied to ECG signal curves,
pulse signal curves, and external trigger signal curves.
P.1
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P.1135
References
Average cycle
Physio Signal 1
P.1
Your system derives the Average cycle from statistical values.

This value indicates the time that has elapsed between two trigger events.
P.1
The standard deviation is subtracted from this value to calculate
the system acquisition window:
P.1
For the ECG, Pulse, and External signals, the system acquisition window is the Average cycle minus twice the standard
deviation.
For the Resp signal, the system acquisition window is Average cycle/2 minus the standard deviation.
Acquisition window
Physio Signal 1
P.1
In the field Acquisition window you can enter the data acquisition time, that is, the time that is used for the scan after a trigger pulse in the physiologically triggered scan.
P.1
In this way you define the scan acquisition window.
P.1
You should choose an acquisition window that is approximately

10% shorter than the average signal period (average cycle). P.1
If you hover the mouse pointer over the Acquisition window
input field, a tool tip will be displayed. It shows the acquisition
time recommended by the system.
0.0
P.1136
Operator Manual
References
Trigger pulse
Physio Signal 1, Physio PACE
P.1
In the Trigger pulse field, you define whether you want to use
every trigger event or only every nth event to trigger scanning.P.1
The value 1 means that every trigger signal starts a scan.
P.1
For ECG, pulse, or external trigger signal only.
Trigger delay
Physio Signal 1
P.1
You can acquire images at any time during the signal cycle. Just
enter a delay time for the ECG/trigger signal into the Trigger
delay field.
P.1
The value entered corresponds to the time (grey bar) planned
between the trigger signal and the start of the measurement. P.1
For an adult patient with a pulse frequency of 70/min, you
require, for example, a delay time of 0 ms to acquire an image
of the end diastole. For an image of the systole, you need a
delay time of 250 - 350 ms.
P.1
Only for ECG, pulse and external trigger signal.
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P.1137
References
Phases
Physio Signal 1
P.1
The Phases field defines how many phases of the heartbeat or

how many respiratory phases you want to include.
P.1
You can use this, for example, for multislice/multiphase scans of
the heart.
P.1
The number of heart phases or respiratory phases depends
on the selected repetition time TR. Please observe the limits.
Calculated phases
Physio Signal 1
P.1
This parameter is displayed if you have selected a Retro mode

from the 1st Signal/Mode selection list.
P.1
Calculated phases is used to define the number of reconstructed images per heart interval.
P.1
0.0
P.1138
Operator Manual
References
Threshold
Physio Signal 1
P.1
Here, you select at which point of the respiratory cycle scanning

is to be triggered.
P.1
When the respiratory curve reaches this threshold value, the
signal is triggered.
P.1
The threshold value is stated as a percentage of the respiratory
curve. 100% corresponds to the maximum expansion of the rib
cage.
P.1
Respiratory triggering only.
Respiratory phase
Physio Signal 1
P.1
Here, you select whether Inspiration (breathing in) or Expiration (breathing out) will be used for triggering.
P.1
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P.1139
References

Physio PACE
P.1
Number of slices acquired during a respiratory cycle. Only

available for haste, trufi, and tfl sequences.
P.1
Cardiac trigger / respiratory cycle

Physio PACE
P.1
Number of cardiac trigger pulses per respiratory cycle.

Replaces Slices / respiratory cycle for double triggering. P.1
0.0
P.1140
Operator Manual
APPENDIX
P.2
Text Annotations in
Medical Images
P.2
Various information is shown as image text on medical images.

This information is used to identify the patient and to document
scan and image parameters.
P.2
The image text is sorted by topic and positioned in the four corners of the image.
P.2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Patient and examination data

Comment lines
Mainly system-specific information
Examination and image parameters
Data about the MR image
Orientation mark
Scale
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P.21
References
Content of the image text components
P.2
Here is a list of the individual items of information in the image

text components.
P.2
(1) Patient and
examination data
The top left corner shows the patient and examination data.
P.2
P.2
Image text
Example
Patient name
Description
Peter Patient
Patient ID
02081948
Date of birth, age
*11.11.1970; 30Y
Examination number
STUDY 1
Date acquired
17.10.01
Time acquired
13:47:46.78
Series and image number and total

number of images
2 IMA 5/7
Series 2, total of 7 images in series 2

Image 5 is displayed
P.2
(2) Comment lines
P.2
At the lower edge next to the scan and image parameters, the
data about contrast medium administration as well as an image
comment are provided.
P.2
P.2
Image text
Contrast agent/time after injection in
sec
Image comment
Example
Description
GADOLINIUM 1.1
1.1 s after administration of

GADOLINIUM
Motion: 0.27, -0.07, 1.29, -0.47,

0.11, -0.01
Motion correction parameters for

BOLD images
0.0
P.22
Operator Manual
References
(3) Plant-specific
information and patient
position
P.2
The top right corner contains the name of your hospital or practice, the system name, the software version, patient position,
and direction of viewing.
P.2
P.2
Image text
Abbreviation
Example
Institution
St. Marys, New York
System name
Magnetom Symphony
Software version
MR 2006T
Patient position (orientation and

position) and viewing orientation
HFS (Head First Supine)

HFP (Head First Prone)
HFDR (Head First Decubitus Right)
HFDL (Head First Decubitus Left)
FFS (Feet First Supine)
FFP (Feet First Prone)
FFDR (Feet First Decubitus Right)
FFDL (Head First Decubitus Left)
Coordinate system
LPH (patient coordinate system leftposterior-head)
Referring physician
+LPH
Dr. Mustermann
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P.23
(4) Scan and image

parameters
Image text
P.2
References
In the bottom left corner you can see the parameters used to
generate the image.
P.2
Abbreviation
Example
MF
CQ as a percentage
MF 1.51/CQ 80
Trigger time
TT in msec
TT 50
Inversion time
TI in msec
TI 50
Repetition time
TR in msec
TR 600
Echo time
TE in msec
TE 30
TA
HH:MM:SS (hours range); MM:SS (minutes range);
SS.HS (seconds range)
TA 02:36*4
BW in hertz/pixels
BW 1000.0
Magnification factor/compression
Scan duration * concatenations
Pixel bandwidth
Image type
Scan options (1st line)
Averages/scan options (2nd line)

px - Grappa with acceleration factor x
Px - Sense with acceleration factor x
p2 M/MIP
RG - Respiratory Gating
CG - Cardiac Gating
RT - Respiratory Trigger
CT - Cardiac Trigger
EXT - External trigger
RG/CT
A (y) - number of averages

FS - fat saturation
WS - water saturation
WE - water excitation
SAT(y) - number of saturation regions
DB - dark blood
IR - inversion recovery
SR - saturation recovery
G (x) - grid tag with x mm grid spacing or
L(x) - line tag with x mm line spacing
MT - MTC pulse
A4/FS/SAT1/MT
0.0
P.24
Operator Manual
References
Image text
Coil information
Abbreviation
Example
Page P.27, List of Coil Abbreviations in the Image

Text
NE1;SP1
A * in front of the sequence name means that an

original Siemens sequence was used.
*TS2_23 80
Sequence name/flip angle
P.2
(5) Data about the

MR image
P.2
The bottom right corner shows data about the position, orientation, and thickness of the acquired slice, about the extent (FoV),
and about the window values.
P.2
P.2
Image text
Abbreviation
Example
D - Door open
I - Interpolation
R - Raw data filter
E - Elliptical filter
D\I
Table position (H,F)
TP
H/F in mm
TP H300
Slice position (+LPH)
SP in mm
SP L8.7
Slice thickness
Slice thickness interpolated
SL in mm
SL i in mm
SL 4.0
SL 4.0 i
FoV (Field of View)
FoV in mm
FoV 230 230
p - partial Fourier
s - swap
I - Interpolation
192p 256s I
192p 256s
Sag, Tra, Cor
Tra>Cor(-20)>Sag(-30)
Sequence mask
Acquisition matrix interpolated

Acquisition matrix not interpolated
Image orientation with inplane
rotation
0.0
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P.25
Image text
References
Abbreviation
Example
Flow-encoding direction
vXXX_inplane_xy - in-plane flow

encoding
vXXX_through - through-plane flow
encoding
XXX - flow velocity in cm/sec
xy - direction, e.g. fh (feet to head)
v150_inplane_fh
Window width (contrast)
W -100
Window center (brightness)
C -200
0.0
P.26
Operator Manual
References
List of Coil Abbreviations in the

Image Text
P.2
The coils and coil elements used are shown in the lower left
image text.
P.2
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
P.27
References
MAGNETOM Symphony a Tim System
P.2
P.2
Image text
Coil name
BO1, BO2
Body Matrix
BRL, BRR
CP Breast Array
DLL
Double Loop Left
DLR
Double Loop Right
EN
Endorectal
EX
CP Extremity
FL
CP Flex Large
FLL
Flex Loop Large
FLS
Flex Loop Small
FS
CP Flex Small
HE
CP Head Array, TxRx Head
HE1, ..., HE4
Head Matrix
HRH
HR Head (8 Channel Head)
KN
HR Knee
NE1, NE2
Neck Matrix
PL1, ..., PL4

PR1, ..., PR4
H PA Matrix
F PA Matrix (CP PA Array)
SH
Shoulder Array
SP1, ..., SP8
Spine Matrix
0.0
P.28
Operator Manual
References
MAGNETOM Trio a Tim System
P.2
P.2
Image text
Coil name
BL, BR
F 4 Channel Breast Array

H 4 Channel Breast Array
BO1, BO2
Body Matrix
EX
CP Extremity
HE
TxRx Head
HE1, ..., HE4
Head Matrix
KN
High Resolution Knee, TxRx Knee Array
NE1, NE2
Neck Matrix
PL1, ...,PL4
PR1, ...,PR4
H PA Matrix
F PA Matrix (CP PA Array)
SH
Shoulder Array
SHL
Shoulder Array Large
SHS
Shoulder Array Small
SP1, ..., SP8
Spine Matrix
WR
CP Wrist
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
P.29
References
List of image types
P.2
The image type is shown in the lower left image text.
P.2
An image may include more than one image type, e.g. after several post-processing steps. These are concatenated, and separated by a slash (/). If the maximum line length is exceeded,
the last image types are omitted.
P.2
Example
P.2
Assuming the defined maximum length is 18 characters:
P.2
TYP1/TYP2/TYP3/TYP4 (19 characters)
P.2
will be truncated to TYP1/TYP2/TYP3 (14 characters).
P.2
0.0
P.210
Operator Manual
References
Inline reconstruction
Flow quantification
P.2
P.2
Abbreviation
Image type
Real image
Rephased image (magnitude image)
Phase contrast image

P.2
Diffusion, stroke, and

breast perfusion
Abbreviation
Image type
ADC
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient, diffusion-weighted

image (b-values)
TTP
Time To Peak image
SCM
Signal Change image
TCS
Time Course of Signal
PBP
Percentage signal image (Percent-of-Baseline at Peak;

bolus peak relative to baseline).
GBP
Global time-density curve (Global Average Bolus Curve

Plotted; passage of bolus)
RELMTT
Relative MTT image (relat. average transit time)
WI
Wash In image
WO
Wash Out image
PEI
Positive Enhancement Integral image
MITP
Maximum Intensity Time Projection image
COMB
Combination image
P.2
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P.211
Phase contrast Angio
Graphic slice position
Functional imaging
Inline post-processing
References
P.2
P.2
Abbreviation
Image type
MAG
Magnitude image
MSUM
Sum image from magnitude images of a slice
P.2
P.2
Abbreviation
Image type
GSP
Reference image with graphic objects
P.2
P.2
Abbreviation
Image type
MEAN
Mean value image
TTEST
Result image of volunteer's t-test
MOSAIC
Mosaic image
COR
Correlation image
P.2
P.2
Abbreviation
Image type
MIP
Maximum Intensity Projection image
MIP_SAG
Sagittal image from MIP reconstruction
MIP_COR
Coronal image from MIP reconstruction
MIP_TRA
Transverse image from MIP reconstruction
TMIP
Temporal MIP, MIP reconstruction of time sequence

of images
TMIP_SAG
Sagittal TMIP image
TMIP_COR
Coronal TMIP image
TMIP_TRA
Transverse TMIP image
TSTDDEV
Temporary standard deviation image
0.0
P.212
Operator Manual
References
Abbreviation
Image type
STDDEV_SAG
Sagittal standard deviation image
STDDEV_COR
Coronal standard deviation image
STDDEV_TRA
Transverse standard deviation image
DIS2D
Image after 2D remapping (distortion correction)
DIS3D
Image after 3D remapping (distortion correction)
ND
Images without 2D remapping
RETRO
Retro-Gating image
NORM
Image after normalization algorithm
PROJECTION
IMAGE
Projection image
FIL
Inline Image Filter
MOCO
BOLD or perfusion image with motion correction
FILTERED
BOLD or perfusion image with spatial filtering
P.2
Import/export
P.2
P.2
Abbreviation
Image type
OTHER
Converted N3/3.5 image or SC (secondary

captured) image
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
P.213
References
Post-processing
3D reconstruction
Dynamic analysis
P.2
P.2
P.2
Abbreviation
Image type
CSA MPR
Multiplanar reconstruction image (MPR)
CSA MPR THIN
MPR Thin image
CSA MPR THICK
MPR Thick image
CSA MPR CURVED
Curved MPR image
CSA MIP
MIP reconstruction image
CSA MIP THIN
MIP Thin image
CSA SSD
SSD reconstruction (Shaded Surface Display)
CSA SUBTRACT
Subtraction image
CSA 3D EDITOR
3D editor processing image
CSA 3D FUSION
Fusion image
CSA VRT
VRT (Volume Rendering Technique) image
CSA AVERAGE
VRT image
CSA RESAMPLED
Zooming/panning image
CSA BLACK IMAGE
Graphic image
P.2
P.2
Abbreviation
Image type
ADD
An addition
MEAN
Mean value image
COR
Correlation image
DIFFER
Differentiation image
DIFFUS
Diffusion weighted image
DIV
Division image
0.0
P.214
Operator Manual
References
Mean Curve
Position display
Abbreviation
Image type
SDEV
Standard deviation image
INT
Integration image
MULT
Multiplication image
SLOPE
SLOPE evaluation contrast imagery
SUB
Subtraction image
T1
T1 image
T2
T2 image
PDT1
T1-weighted proton density image
PDT2
T2-weighted proton density image
TTP
Time To Peak image
TTEST
Statistical analysis method for BOLD images
LOG
Logarithm function image
CVxx
Image filtered with Context Vision filter

(xx stands for filter strength; integer value)
P.2
P.2
Abbreviation
Image type
CSA BLACK IMAGE
Graphics and table image
P.2
P.2
Abbreviation
Image type
POSDISP
Position display image
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P.215
Image composing
Spectroscopy
References
P.2
P.2
Abbreviation
Image type
COMPOSED
Composed images
P.2
P.2
Abbreviation
Image type
SPEC
Spectrum
0.0
P.216
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Index
P.2
A
Acceleration factor PE P.160
Acceleration factor 3D P.162
Accept. Location P.128
Access authorization
Soft tissue evaluation L.63
Access authorization to the BOLD task card L.42
Access control B.22, B.244, B.32
Access rights L.54
Acquiring diagnostic information C.124
Acquisition sequence for lines of raw data P.191
Acquisition window F.1520, F.1528, P.1136
Activating
Blocking areas (BOLD) L.424
Clip planes K.310
Activating first level mode F.1415
Scan program option archive F.1629
Scan program option visibility F.1630
Activation map
Hiding K.41
Loading K.23
Setting colors K.47
Setting the cluster size K.411
Setting value ranges K.48
ADC images (apparent diffusion coefficient) P.1110
Noise level P.1111
Adding
Slab group F.576
Slice group F.576
Addition
Starting L.128
Adjusting protocols
Scanning with AutoAlign Scout F.198
Adjustment C.21, C.214
Closing C.263
Displaying the results C.270
Frequency adjustment C.223
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syngo MR 2006T
IX1
Index
Inline adjustment C.265

Interactive 3D Shim C.248
Manual water suppression C.256
Rejecting the results C.271
Setting the adjust volume C.214
Starting all adjustments C.264
Stopping C.264
Transmitter adjustment C.233
Undoing changes C.263
Updating parameters C.271
3D-MAP Shim C.239
Adjustment volume F.437
Administrators tasks B.21
Align model G15
Allowed delay P.193
Alpha images
Calculating automatically in BOLD L.411
Definition for BOLD L.41
Saving all (BOLD) L.428
Saving singly (BOLD) L.432
Alpha value K.410
Changing (BOLD) L.426
Analysis mode K.52
Anatomical standard view H.34
Anatomical threshold K.412
Angio F.546
Angle G.527, H.359
Changing G.530, H.362
Switching the angle direction G.531, H.362
Angle measurements N.412
Angle of intersection
Double-oblique intersection F.418
Single-oblique intersection F.418
Angles P.1124
Kyphosis N.419
Measuring M.414
Scoliosis N.414
IX2
syngo MR
Annotating
Entries in the Exam Explorer F.1625
Annotations G.551, H.370
Application program A.22
Applications
User-defined D.312
Applying parameter changes F.584
Archive node J.37
Archive option for scan programs F.1629
Archiving
Errors J.220
Archiving media D.13
Areas
Measuring M.411
Arithmetic mean
Selecting the mode L.151
Starting L.151
Array coils P.185
Saving images uncombined P.182
Arrows
In Composing N.410
Arterial Input Function (AIF) L.514
Assigning
Assigning a region to a body region F.1632
Asymmetric echo P.192
Asymmetrical k space scanning P.156
Audit Trail B.320
Configuring the General Security Parameters B.277
Defining the events to be recorded B.288
Open Event Configuration B.286
Overview B.271
Storing and deleting log files B.294
Storing Configuration B.275
Viewer B.286
Viewing log files B.291
Auto Expose O.28
Deactivating O.29
Interrupting O.210
Auto Filming O.22
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Auto Navigation H.1121

Auto Window G.49
AutoAlign
Adjusting the following protocols F.198
Atlas F.192
AutoAlign matrix (AAM) F.192
AutoAlign Scout (AAS) F.192
Basics F.192
Checking the patient's age F.1913
Closing an AA exam F.1910
Creating a protocol from a series
or image (Phoenix) F.1923
Creating an AutoAlign head program
in the Exam Explorer F.1926
Creating new AutoAlign programs F.1926
Deactivating F.1911
Display in the Program Control F.194
Editing a scan program F.1921
Exporting executed programs
to the Exam Explorer F.1927
GSP on statistical images (Atlas images) F.1928
Making the program control ready to run F.1915
Manually deactivating F.1911
Measuring an AutoAlign Scout F.195
Registering a planning patient F.1928
Repeating the AAS scan F.1919
Requirements F.193
Scan procedure F.195
System scan cancellation F.1917
Automatic coil selection F.539
Automatic data transfer J.72
Configuring export J.710
Defining storage assignment J.711
Defining the necessary work status J.712
Rules J.73
Automatic image storage F.1211
Automatic positioning N.219
Automatic Registration H.1022
Autoscaling (Inline-Subtraction) P.1126
Index
Average ADC maps P.1110

Average cycle F.1519, F.1528, P.1136
Averages P.140
Averaging mode P.191
Avoiding physiological effects F.141
Axial cuts
Creating M.43
B
b value P.1109
Backup B.47
Bandwidth P.193
Base resolution P.150
Basics
AutoAlign F.192
Basics of reporting D.83
Bitmap
Format J.41
Blend mode N.323
Blocking areas
Activating/deactivating (BOLD) L.424
Blood flow
Direction P.1102
Body Coil P.186
Body region F.1634
Changing F.93
Deleting F.94
Bold vessels
Defining M.31
BOLD (Blood Oxygen Level Dependent Contrast) F.551
Paradigm size P.1121
Paradigm table P.1122
T-test P.1120
Box mode F.423
Breast biopsy F.181
Checking the marker position F.1828
Performing a biopsy examination F.1828
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syngo MR 2006T
IX3
Index
Performing a biopsy examination

for multilesions F.1829
Placing a biopsy channel F.181
Printing the worksheet F.1823
Selecting an angle G21
Selecting the printer G25
Setting a lesion marker F.1816
Setting a reference marker F.1813
Setting the cross hair G15
Browser
Calling up D.16
Customizing content area D.113
Customizing window D.110
Enlarge/reduce navigation/content area D.111
Filters on tool bar D.212
Information area D.112
Moving tool bar D.112
Multiple selection of objects D.210
Showing/hiding database D.114
Showing/hiding drive D.114
Showing/hiding window sections D.112
Tree view D.112
Browsing
Between groups in movie display F.1729
Between images F.319
Between images in movie display F.1728
Between series F.321
Defining the order (examination card) F.313
Sort criteria F.314
Within image segments of the
examination card F.318
Buttons
Dimmed A.235
For executing commands A.234
Icon button A.235
IX4
syngo MR
C
Calculated phases P.1138
Calculating
Alpha images in BOLD automatically L.411
Combined images (Soft Tissue Evaluation) L.624
Parameter images subsequently (BOLD) L.434
Parameter maps (Soft Tissue Evaluation) L.610
Calculating T1 images L.169
Calculating T2 Images
Generating a test image L.172, L.175
Starting L.172
Calling
Composing N.13
MRNeuro K.12
Print dialog box for protocols F.132
Print preview of protocols F.138
Print preview of the report D.824
Vessel View M.13
Calling standard views K.329
Calling the 3D task card H.25
Camera O.55
Defective O.512
Error exposing film O.52
Selecting O.36, O.42, O.511
Captured cycle F.1519
Cardiac trigger per respiratory phase P.1140
CARE bolus P.1103
CARE Bolus scan F.1025
Caution
Back up your system before starting
the security configuration B.219
CamTasia directory J.219
Diagnostically relevant areas of images
may be lost. J.222
Impermissible manipulations A.11
Incorrect diagnosis H.101
Incorrect SUV calculation H.1040
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Loss of data within the required period

for retention J.12
Mix-up of patients and incorrect diagnosis H.104
Projected images H.353
References may be lost. D.410
Security policy affects the behavior of the syngo
system B.212
Security system cannot be disabled B.219
Storage attributes J.31
System blocks when the Audit Trail is filled B.288
System is not available in emergency cases A.249
Terminating Remote Service A.46
The data may be lost if it is deleted
by the sender D.616
Unauthorized access A.16
Unexpected system behavior A.16
Wrong diagnosis H.410
Wrong diagnosis possible O.18
CD
Ejecting J.23
Inserting J.22
Labeling J.28
Multi-session J.214
Single session J.27
Writing J.212
Center F.511, P.192
Center of circle
In Composing N.49
Changing
Alpha value (BOLD) L.426
Anatomical threshold (BOLD) L.423
Cluster size (BOLD) L.427
Color range in BOLD L.421
Comment about a scan pause F.1221
Comment about a scan protocol F.124
Diagnostic codes for reports in
the configuration D.838
Display of the print preview of a protocol F.1310
Name of a scan pause F.1221
Index
Name of a scan protocol F.124

Password in syngo MR C.114
Voice output for patient instructions F.1121
Check box A.232
Checking system files C.124
Chronological Position P.130
Circle
In Composing N.49
Circular ROI G.54
Clear Path H.1126
Clear Scheduler D.623
Clearing document(s) G.718
Clip planes
Activating/deactivating K.310
Displaying M.36
Hiding the frame K.312
Moving K.314
Panning M.37
Resetting K.315, M.38
Resizing the frame K.315
Rotating M.37
Selecting K.311, K.312
Tilting K.314, M.37
Unselecting K.312
Clipboard A.220, G.717, N.55
Clipping document O.49
Closing
Application program C.19
BOLD task card L.443
Composing N.13
Data set M.22
Dialog box of a report D.823
MRNeuro K.18
Print preview of a protocol F.1311
Print preview of the report D.826
syngo MR C.16
Vessel View M.112
Closing BOLD L.443
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX5
Index
Cluster size
Of the activation map K.411
Cobb
Scoliosis angle N.414
Coil abbreviations P.27
Coil elements F.434
Coil selection F.539
Coils
Information C.127, C.129
Selecting virtual coils F.1657
Coils and coil elements P.185
Color palette
Deselecting (BOLD) L.419, L.420
Color range
Changing in BOLD L.421
Excluding (BOLD) L.422
Color scale
Editing with parameter images L.418
Setting for parameter images in BOLD L.419
Colors of the activation map K.47
Combined echoes P.197
Combined images
Calculating (Soft Tissue Evaluation) L.624
Combining rotate and shift functions F.451
Combo box A.233
Comment L.251
Entering a comment about a scan pause F.1221
Entering a comment about a scan protocol F.124
Comments G.551
Compensation T2 decay P.190
Composed volumes
Scrolling N.326
Composing
Calling N.13
Closing N.13
Control area N.310
Image text N.38
Task card N.32
IX6
syngo MR
Composite image
Loading into Composing N.312
Concatenations F.1522, F.1529, P.134
Configuration
Creating a encoding scheme for reports D.841
Creating or changing diagnostic codes
for reports D.838
Enter general settings D.833
Installing a user logo for reporting D.834
Of a report D.831
Of Audit Trail B.286, B.288
Of the MR system A.48
Opening Audit Trail Storing Configuration B.275
Predefining a diagnostic code D.836
Predefining a encoding scheme for reports D.837
Saving settings for reports D.842
Security system B.22
Setting the language of a report D.833
Configuration of Audit Trail B.294
Configuration of security system
Access control (overview) B.244
Audit Trail B.271, B.277, B.291
Changing password of user account B.231
Configuration of group accounts (Overview) B.235
Deleting user accounts B.234
Managing data protections B.248
Managing group accounts B.236
Managing groups B.243
Managing groups and roles B.242
Managing user accounts B.227, B.231
Opening configuration dialog B.222
Setting up the default protections B.259
Setting up the privileges B.263
User account B.225
Configuring
Movie display F.1732
User-defined applications D.718
Vessel View M.221
Configuring film sheets O.69
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Film sheet division O.610

Film size O.68
Configuring image text A.37
Configuring user interface
Adding list entries to Browser D.710
Assigning film layout O.615
Browser tool bar D.73
Canceling film layout assignment O.618
Changing standard film layout O.63
Defining study-specific layout O.64
Deleting confirmation D.75
Deleting film layout O.618
Deleting permission D.74
Displaying ROI statistics G.82
Film job settings O.66
Film layouts O.62
Film sheet settings O.69
Hiding data level in Browser D.713
HIS/RIS worklist E.49
List display/icon display in Browser D.714
Organ-specific window values G.87
Patient search E.45
Removing list entries from Browser D.710
Selection lists in patient registration E.42
Showing work status D.74
User-specific window values G.87
Viewing task card G.81
Confirming parameter changes F.584
Conflicts F.672
Construction worker icon F.612
Contact F.1510
Content area D.19, F.165
Content of the report D.81
Context menu
Vessel View M.110
ContextVision filter L.32, L.34
Monitoring calculation L.310
Name of the result series L.38
Resetting the filter strength L.37
Index
Selecting images in the Patient Browser L.32

Selecting images in the Viewer L.33
Starting calculation L.39
Contour
Post-processing M.413
Contrast agent catalog F.1224
Deleting a contrast agent entry F.1226
Entering a new contrast agent F.1225
Selecting a contrast agent F.1224
Contrast agent documentation
In the examination pause F.75
Contrast agent pause F.1223
Contrast agent scan
without a pause F.77
Inserting a contrast agent pause into
a scan in progress F.715
Procedure F.72
Specifying contrast agent details F.79
Using the contrast agent catalog F.79
Contrast-enhanced angiography F.548
CARE bolus P.1103
Time to center P.1103
Control area G.17
Composing N.310
MRNeuro K.17
Vessel View M.18
Converting
Scan programs F.1675
Copy
Entries in the Exam Explorer F.1621, F.1623
Parameter group F.585
Copy reference
Setting the scan protocol F.1214
Copy & paste A.219, G.556
Coronal view H.329
Correcting data
Examination data D.42
Modifiers name D.46
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX7
Index
Patient already exists D.48

Patient data D.42, E.314
Patient name D.42
Saving changes D.47
Correction factor C.258
Corrections
During composing N.23
Create
New customer body region F.1636
New examination F.1637
New region F.1631
New scan program F.1638
Creating
Diagnostic codes for reports in
the configuration D.838
Encoding scheme for reports in configuration D.841
New voice output for patient instructions F.1115
Creating a movie file
Of rotation of the flat ribbon M.511
Of rotation of the volume M.511
Of sequence of actions M.59
Crosshair G.533
Cross-talk P.134
Ctrl key A.217
Cursor A.24
Cursor keys A.28
Curvature of the spine N.414
Curved sections H.47
Displaying long sections H.411
Drawing freehand H.49
Drawing point to point H.49
Moving display H.412
Curves
Measuring M.49
Customer body region
Creating new F.1636
Delete F.1636
Customer regions F.1634
Customer tree F.166
IX8
syngo MR
Customized text O.413

Customizing content area D.113
Cut
Cut line
Moving N.216
Cut mode N.323
Cut & paste A.219, G.556
D
Dark blood P.1123
Data
Correcting patient data D.42
Data levels D.14
Data tree D.22
Deleting D.616
Exporting to the file system D.56
Filtering data D.211
History of changes D.414
Image data D.15
Importing D.233
Instance level D.15
Marking D.66
Merging D.410
Patient data D.15
Protecting data from deletion D.621
Raw data D.15
Rearranging D.410
Selecting from archive media D.233
Sending via network D.53, G.710, J.33
Series data D.15
Storing on CD D.52
Study data D.15
Unmarking D.67
Work status D.62
Data formats K.21
Supported K.21
Data image/data series G.62
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Data levels F.166

Data Protections B.244, B.248, B.254, B.259
Data set
Closing M.22
Data transfer
Deleting jobs J.612
On CD J.612
Priority J.613
Resuming jobs J.611
Starting jobs again J.611
Status J.68
Stopping jobs J.610
Database C.130
Local D.12
Scheduler D.12
Showing/hiding D.114
Updating D.25
View C.132
Deactivating AutoAlign F.1911
Delay time (TD) P.139
Delete
Audit Trail Log Files B.294
Contrast agent entry from the contrast
agent catalog F.1226
Customer body region F.1636
Graphical objects F.485
Group or Role (Security) B.243
Slab group F.577
Slice group F.577
User account B.234
Delete confirmation D.619
Deleting
Characters A.28
Customer protocol in
Soft tissue evaluation L.621, L.633
Data D.616
Film job O.216
Graphics G.557
Index
Images on film sheet O.37

Marker of the pixel lens G.544
Parts of the report D.819
Text A.222
Deleting confirmation D.75
Deleting objects M.418
Delimiting K.15, M.16
Derivation F.1510
Starting L.146
Deselecting
Annotation texts G.555
Film sheet O.317
Graphics G.555
Objects A.217
Deviation from the vertical N.422
Diagram
Results in mean curve L.241
Dialog box A.230
Addition L.127
Arithmetic mean L.151
Differentiation L.145
Diffusion coefficient L.156
Division L.138
Integration L.148
Logarithm L.143
Multiplication L.135
Slope L.153
Standard deviation L.165
Subtraction L.130
Time to peak L.174
TTest L.159
T1 L.168
T2 L.171
Diaphragm movement F.1026
DICOM
Format J.41
Regions F.1634
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX9
Index
Diffusion
b value P.1109
Diffusion coefficient
Starting L.157
Diffusion mode P.1107
Diffusion Moment P.1111
Diffusion-weighted images P.1109
Diffusion-weighted scans F.554
Diff. weightings P.1108
Dimension (2D or 3D) P.189
Directing image processing G.344
Direction (flow encoding) P.1105
Display
Manual positioning N.218
Display of Navigator Objects F.427
Display order
Displaying
Data tree D.22
Value of pixel lens at cursor position G.538
Displaying patents C.135
Distance P.1124
Distance line G.518
Changing G.520, H.356
Moving G.520, H.356
Distance measurements
Notes N.413
Distances
Measuring M.47
Distortion artifacts L.311
Cause L.311
Remedies L.312
Distortion correction
For composing N.24
Requirements L.313
Results L.314
Selecting images L.313
IX10
syngo MR
Dist. factor P.15

Division
Operands L.138
Starting L.141
Dog-ears G.35, M.213, N.328, O.34
Paging in 3D H.317
Double layout N.321
Double-clicking A.220
Double-oblique cut plane H.324
Double-oblique intersection F.418
Drag & drop A.218
Transferring data from Browser to Viewing D.35
Drives C.130
Connected D.13
Showing/hiding D.114
View C.131
Dynamic analysis L.11, L.14
Addition L.126
Arithmetic mean L.150
Calculating T1 images L.167
Calculating T2 Images L.170
Checking whether images are suitable L.16
Deleting evaluation L.182
Derivation L.144
Diffusion coefficient L.155
Displaying initial images L.110
Division L.137
Evaluation progress L.177
General procedure L.110
Integration L.147
Interrupting L.181
Logarithm L.142
Mode L.114, L.115, L.116
Multiplication L.134
Name of the result series L.124
Overview L.13
Progress indicator L.179
Selecting test images L.118
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Selection L.110
Setting a noise level L.123
Slope of linear regression L.152
Standard deviation L.164
Starting image analysis L.15
Starting the next job L.180
Status display L.179
Stopping evaluation L.182
Subtraction L.129
Test area for preview images L.117
T-test L.158
Dynamic scans
Multiple series P.180
Pause after measurement P.178
E
ECG signal F.1517, P.1134
Selecting a lead F.1510
ECG triggering F.1515
ECG/Retro, Pulse/Retro, Ext/Retro P.1135
Echo spacing P.195
Echo time (TE) P.138
Long echo trains P.190
Shortening by asymmetric echo P.192
Editing
Color scale parameter images (BOLD) L.418
Deactivating interpolation for parameter images in
BOLD L.417
Diagnostic code of a report D.836
Diagnostics and comments in the report D.814
Editing in the Protocol Editor F.1655
Images in BOLD L.416
Pause properties F.1219
Post-processing protocol (BOLD) L.440
Protocol parameters in
Soft tissue evaluation L.614, L.628
Protocol properties F.122
Report D.87, D.812
Index
Voice output F.1113

VRT parameters K.36
Windowing images in BOLD L.416
EDX file format F.1673
Elliptical filter P.176
Elliptical k space sampling P.189
Emergency access B.311
Enlarging
Images K.33
Segment K.32
Entering
Text and numbers A.28
Work status D.65
Entry field A.233
EPI factor P.196
EPR Web browser D.246
Equilibration magnetization P.146
Equivalent diameter M.223, M.411
Error during data transfer J.62
Errors during saving J.220
Evaluation area
Vessel View M.19
Evaluations
On the spine and pelvis N.412
Exam Explorer
Calling up F.163
Closing F.1682
Exporting objects F.1678
Finding an item F.1612
Importing objects F.1671
Printing protocols F.1681
Searching for the name of an entry F.1614
Structure F.165
Tool bar F.169
Exam task card
Examination F.17, F.167
Commenting F.1625
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX11
Index
Copying F.1621, F.1623

Creating new F.1637
Cutting F.1622
Delete F.1624
Inserting F.1623
Moving F.1619
Procedure for routine scanning F.14
Renaming F.1625
Selecting a scan program F.22
Examination data
Correcting D.42
Examination database objects
Exporting F.1678
Importing F.1671
Examination region F.167
Excitation P.1100
Excluding
Color range (BOLD) L.422
Exiting
VOI mode H.528
Expanded range
Generating H.397
Settings H.398
Expiry date of license E.410
Explicit selection F.322
Exporting
Configuring J.710
Errors J.220
Examination database objects F.1678
Filenames J.46
From data to hard disk J.15
Image formats J.41
Images to the file system K.64
Protocol data F.1313
To the file system J.42
External signal P.1135
IX12
syngo MR
F
Fader M.312
Fat suppression P.143
Field Map (Multi Angle Projection) C.239
Displaying C.244
Field of view (FOV) F.47, P.147
Changes via the mouse F.477
Rectangular FoV P.148
Square FoV P.147
Fieldmap K.42
File format
EDX F.1673
Filenames
Exported images J.46
Film job O.15
Adding images from Browser O.330
Adding images from Viewing O.330
Adding images from 3D O.330
Appending a new film sheet O.329
Changing priority O.510
Checking O.53
Deleting O.216, O.510
Designation O.312
Displaying O.34
Inserting O.328
Manipulating O.58
Merging O.216
Number of copies O.314
Opening O.312
Reactivating queue O.513
Redirecting O.512
Repeating O.59
Resuming O.59
Selecting O.313
Sending to camera/printer O.212
Several film sheets O.315
Status O.54
Stopping O.59
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Urgent O.510
Film layout
Changing for current job O.17
Standard O.17
Film preview
Adding images O.38
Calling up O.32
Changing film properties O.36
Closing O.32
Control area O.35
Deleting images O.37
Film job O.34
Paging through film sheets O.34
Selecting camera/printer O.36
Film properties O.36
Film sheet
Copying O.327
Deleting image O.324
Deselecting O.317
Dog-ears O.34
Layout O.45
Moving O.328
Multi-select O.318
Paging O.316
Repacking O.38, O.325
Selecting O.317
Selecting segment O.319
Film sheet division O.610
Film size O.68
Filming K.66
Auto Expose O.28
Control area O.311
Exposing a film job O.211
Exposing a film sheet O.213
Film job O.15
Film sheet display O.311
Film sheet full O.214
Film task selection O.212
From Browser window O.24
Index
From Examination task card O.22

From Viewing task card O.24
From 3D task card O.24
Images M.56
Managing film jobs D.510
Mean curve results L.259
Multiple film job O.15
Standard layout O.17
Virtual film sheet O.16
Virtual film sheet to camera/printer O.27
2-step procedure O.12
Filming task card O.310
Filter P.168
Audit Trail Events B.288
Creating D.214
Deactivating D.213
Elliptical filter P.176
Normalization filter P.173
Raw data (Hanning filter) P.169
Removing D.218
Saving D.217
Setting P.1119
Spatial filter P.1119
Standard filters D.211
User-defined filters D.214
Filtering
Monitoring filtering L.310
Renaming a results series L.38
Setting/Resetting the filter strength L.34, L.37
Smoothing L.35
Finding
Program instructions F.1640
Scan program F.1612
Fitting to segment G.422, O.49
Flags M.428
Flat ribbon M.419
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX13
Index
Flex coils P.185

Selecting P.186
Flip angle P.140
Flipping
Horizontally G.433
Vertically G.432
Floating MPRs
Defining properties K.321
Hiding K.318
Moving an image plane K.326
Orienting K.331
Reducing in the volume segment K.323
Resetting K.331
Rotating an image plane K.327
Flow compensation P.194
Flow direction P.1102
Flow mode and sensitivity P.1104, P.1105
Flow quantification F.549
Flow velocity P.1105
Fly Path Planning H.1122
Fly Through H.111
Fly View Volume Settings H.1114
Fly View Volume (FVV) H.111, H.1111
Formats for export J.41
FoV
Phase P.123, P.147
Read P.123, P.147
Freehand line G.522
Free form G.523
Point to point G.522
Statistics G.524, H.358
Freehand ROI G.57, H.365
Changing the shape G.59
Resizing G.59
Rounding off edges G.512
Freehand VOI H.513
Cropping H.515
Cutting H.517
IX14
syngo MR
Frequency C.223
Accepted for the measurement system C.232
Entering C.225
Transferring C.230
Frequency adjustment
Acceptance without successful adjustment C.232
Amplitude C.226
Graphic display of the results C.230
Numeric results C.229
Performing C.225
Preparing C.223
Search range C.227
Selecting the gain C.228
Selecting the receive channel C.232
Starting C.228
Vertical marker C.230
Full screen K.32, M.212
Fully automatic path creation M.314
Functional Privileges B.263
Fusion H.1019, H.1032
Calling up H.103
Changing the display H.1038
Landmark H.1017
Loading a new series H.105
Visual alignment H.1012
Fusion mode H.1036
G
Gathering diagnostic information C.125
Generate service password B.317
Geometry F.523
Common F.524
Navigator F.532
Saturation F.529
Global Bolus Plot (GBP) P.1114
Gradient mode P.198
Graphic tools G.52
In Composing N.41
Operator Manual
syngo MR

Aligning perpendicularly F.455
Delete F.485
Display in the reference images F.417
Moving F.442, F.447
Navigator objects F.414
Positioning on statistical images (AutoAlign) F.1928
Rotating F.449
Rotating in the plane F.451
Selecting F.439
Graphics
In Composing N.44
Showing/Hiding H.84, O.414
Switching off/on N.332
Gray scales G.434
Grid G.548
Group B.32
Of users B.22
Selecting for editing B.242
Groups F.1714
Adding/removing group members B.242
Creating new group accounts B.236
Deleting a group account B.243
GSP
Sending image data to GSP M.58
GSP segment
Copying parameters from an image F.644
H
Handles
Extent handles F.439
FOV handle F.439
Pivot handle F.439
Hanning filter P.169
Height difference N.427
Help A.28
Hide Path H.1127
Index
Hiding
Activation map K.41
Clip planes K.310
Floating MPRs K.318
Orthogonal MPRs in the volume segment K.317
Plot segment K.16
Reference lines K.14
Unwanted volume parts K.310
VRT volume image K.318
Hip joint
HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability
and Accountability Act) B.11
Histogram G.516, L.117
History of changes D.41
HIS/RIS E.12
Patient search E.315
Worklist D.12, D.24
I
Icon button A.235
Icons
Identifying protocols F.65
Identification of a report in the Patient Browser D.82
Image
Clipping document O.49
Copying to the clipboard N.55
Creating a new scan protocol from an image F.1650
Displaying text O.412
Filming from Composing N.57
Fitting to segment O.49
Image stamps D.116
Original image O.410
Rotating in 3D H.319
Sending from Composing N.59
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX15
Index
Image area G.14

Changing the layout G.221
Image comment G.225
Orientation markers G.225
Scale bar G.225
Showing/hiding text G.226
Text information G.225
Window values G.225
Image comment F.913, G.554
Changing F.916
Deleting F.917
Entering F.913
Inserting F.915
Image control system
Rebooting C.15
Image data
Transferring to GSP M.58
Image definition
Image display
Changing N.314
Overview N.317
Stack G.218
Stripe G.216
Study comparison mode G.214
Image formats for export J.41
Image matrix size P.150, P.151
Doubling by interpolation P.153
Image numbering F.539
Image orientation G.16
Test for Composing N.24
Image position
Copying from Inline Display F.1019
Selecting in Composing N.214
Image processing
Grid G.548
Patient folder G.23
Image quality
Improvement by filtering P.168
IX16
syngo MR
Image reconstruction system

Monitoring C.115
Rebooting C.116
Image section
Moving N.330
Image segment
Enlarging M.212
Image segments
In Composing N.34
Image stamp D.113, D.116
Image text F.332, L.251
Coil abbreviations P.27
Comment line P.22
Composing N.38
Data about the MR image P.25
In the Inline Display F.1015
Interpolated matrix P.153
Patient and examination data P.22
Plant-specific information and patient position P.23
Scan and image parameters P.24
Image type F.515, P.142
Images
Appending to existing series G.76
Automatic loading into the GSP
segment (movie display) F.1214
Composite N.31
Display in Composing N.334
Enlarging K.33
Exporting K.64
Exporting to the file system D.56, J.42
Exposing on film G.713
Filming D.57, K.66, M.56
Filtering with the ContextVision filter L.32
Fitting to segment G.422
Flipping G.432
Importing D.233, J.47
Importing from the file system J.47
Invert gray scales G.434
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Loading and displaying N.311

Loading in MRNeuro K.22
Loading in Vessel View M.22
Loading into Mean Curve L.27
Loading into stamp segments
automatically F.1212, F.1214
Loading onto the BOLD task card L.44
Panning G.423, K.33
Printing G.713
Processing in BOLD L.416
Rotating G.429
Save as... K.62, M.53
Saving K.63, M.52
Saving as new series G.75
Saving (BOLD) L.428
Scrolling (BOLD) L.413
Selecting G.332
Shifting relative to each other N.215
Transferring to the Viewer M.57
Windowing in the Inline Display F.1012
Zooming G.415
Zooming and panning in the inline display F.1014
Images in the volume segment
Changing the size K.323
View K.316
Implicit selection F.323
Importing
Examination database objects F.1671
From data to hard disk J.15
From the file system J.47
Icons on the status bar J.62
Images D.233, J.47
Inconsistencies F.590, F.672
Change table position F.675
Inconsistent Coil Configuration F.672
Individual ADC maps P.1111
Infinite measurement P.177
Inflow P.1102
Index
Information
About coils C.127, C.129
About databases C.130
About drives C.130
About hardware options C.129
About software options C.129
About the hardware C.127
About the network C.133
About the system C.127
For Administrators B.21
For service technicians B.111, B.41
For standard user B.31
SAR monitoring F.1420
Stimulation monitoring F.1440
Information area D.18
Inhomogeneity of the magnetic field C.239
Inline adjustment
Confirming the frequency spectrum C.265
Entering the frequency C.268
Inline Display
Automatic image storage F.1016
CARE Bolus scan F.1025
Copying the image position F.1019
Ending F.1031
Image text F.1015
Manual image storage F.1018
Modifying display F.1011
Navigator signal F.1027
Pausing F.109
Real-time mode F.1022
Removing an image F.1015
Restarting F.1010
Selective image display F.1021
Spectroscopy time signal F.1030
Starting F.102
Starting multiple breath-hold scans F.1026
Tips on real-time scans F.1033
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX17
Index
Windowing F.1012, F.1014

Inline-Subtraction P.1125
Autoscaling P.1126
Offset P.1127
Saving images P.1126
Scaling factor P.1127
Selecting a subtrahend P.1128
Input field A.235
Input focus F.318, G.333
Insert Point H.1124
Inserting
Pixel lens marker at fixed position G.539
Installing
User logo for reporting D.834
Instance level D.15
Instruction ranges
Editing a body region F.93
Editing a work step F.95
Editing an image comment F.913
Integration start L.149
Interactive scanning in real-time mode F.1022
Interactive 3D Shim C.248
Entering the shim parameters C.250
Entering the transmit amplitude C.250
Physio selection C.250
Preparing the adjustment C.248
Starting C.252
Stopping C.255
Internal User Accounts B.28
Interpolation P.153
Interrupting F.629
Intersecting areas F.417
Introduction in safety standards B.11
Introduction (knocking at the start of scanning) P.188
Inversion time (TI) P.139
Inverting
Saving changes G.435
IX18
syngo MR
K
Keyboard A.27
Keyboard focus F.319
Keyboard operation F.582
Keypad
Numeric A.211
Symbol A.211
Knocking sounds P.188
Kyphosis angle N.419
L
Landmark H.1017
Layout
Double N.321
Single N.319
Single with original N.320
LED display F.1726
License for Security system B.212
Light Source H.719
Lightening icon F.630
Line
Calculating a profile G.526
In Composing N.49
Line mode F.424
Loading
Activation map K.23
BOLD volume K.23
First series into BOLD L.46
Images in BOLD L.44
Images in MRNeuro K.22
Images in Vessel View M.22
Loading acquired images/series
automatically F.1210
Loading additional series into BOLD L.48
Mosaic images into BOLD L.410
Loading automatically
Into GSP segment F.1212
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Loading the BOLD volume K.23

Local access B.43
Local database D.12
Local service B.41
Access B.315
Location P.111
Changing the slice position P.112
Displaying the slice position P.111
Navigator object P.122
Scan region P.183
Setting with millimeter precision F.579
Lock computer B.35
Locking the computer C.111
Log files
See Audit Trail B.271
Log off B.35
Log on B.35
Failed B.312
Logbook A.47
Logging off
Users in syngo MR C.112
Logging on
New user in syngo MR C.113
Longitudinal section of a vessel M.419
Long-term statistical values F.159
Loop F.1722
M
Maestro layout F.39, F.172
Changing the arrangement of series F.1710
Loading series F.174
Navigating in the stamp segments F.177
Magnetic field inhomogeneity C.239
Magnetization transfer (MTC) P.146
Magnitude image 3D Shim C.245
Magnitude images P.142, P.1106
Magnitude sum images P.1106
Magn. preparation P.141
Index
Main menu
View > Info Area D.112
View > Tool Bar D.112
View > Tree D.112
Making
Diagnostics and comments in the report D.814
Report D.86
Manage
Audit Trail Events B.286
Groups and Roles B.236, B.242
User accounts B.231
Manual echo spacing P.195
Manual path creation M.315
Manual positioning
Display N.218
In a slice N.215
Slice relative to each other N.217
Manual start (scan protocol) F.127
Running a protocol once/more than once F.128
Manually deactivating AutoAlign F.1911
Marking arrow M.16
Marking data items D.66
Masked areas K.42
Mean curve (statistical evaluation) L.21
Changing image display L.221
Defining sorting L.213
Defining the x axis L.215
Drawing ROIs in the first segment L.228
Drawing ROIs in the third segment L.232
Evaluation across series L.214
Evaluation within the series L.213
Filming images L.259
Image as a background for the diagram L.252
Image text and comments L.251
Loading images into the third and
fourth segments L.211
Loading images of the first segment L.27
Mean Curve task card L.24
Overview L.23
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX19
Index
Requirements L.27
Result display in the diagram L.241
Result display in the table L.242
Saving results as an ASCII file L.256
Saving results as images L.254
Scaling the x axis L.245
Scaling the y axis L.247
Scrolling across series L.223
Scrolling with dynamic ROIs L.231
Searching for an original images by scrolling in the
fourth segment L.225
Set relative evaluation L.237
Setting absolute evaluation L.236
Smoothing curves L.250
Sorting in Across mode L.217
Start evaluation L.239
Static ROI L.230
Using vertical scan line L.243
Measurement parameters
Applying the settings F.584
Changing because of SAR monitoring F.1411
Copying F.585
Copying a parameter group F.585
Slice group/slab group P.13
Measurement time
Reduce by slice partial Fourier P.157
Reduction by elliptical sampling P.189
Reduction of partial Fourier matrices P.156
Reduction with PAT P.158
Measuring
Angle G.527, H.359
Angles M.414
Applying a contour M.427
Areas M.411
Closing routine examinations F.618
Complete protocols F.611
Completing a patient F.620
Completing and running a protocol F.612
Curvature of the spine N.414
IX20
syngo MR
Curves M.49
Defining a new center position F.636
Distance G.518, G.522
Distances M.47
Freehand contour M.412
Interrupting the measurement F.629
Kyphosis angle N.419
Pixels with crosshair G.533
Repeating a canceled protocol F.634
Repeating scans F.634
Scanning open protocols more than once F.637
Starting the next scan F.626
With a countdown F.627
Measuring vessel cross-section M.427
Menu
Dropdown A.243
Menu bar A.243
Options A.244
Popup A.246
Submenu A.245
Merging film job O.216
MinIP thin series H.538
MinIP (minimum intensity projection) H.15
MIP display
Volume image M.15
MIP mode
Closing M.28
Setting M.28, M.211
MIP thin H.530
Series H.533
MIP thin slice
Setting the mode M.211
MIP (maximum intensity projection) H.15, H.54
Radial range H.529, H.530
Reconstructing coronal MIP images inline P.1131
Reconstructing sagittal MIP images inline P.1131
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Reconstructing standard deviation

MIP images inline P.1132
Reconstructing transverse
MIP images inline P.1132
Mirroring
Mode
Evaluating images across series L.115
Using the constant L.116
Within series L.114
Modifiers name D.46, D.413
Modifying
VRT display M.24
MOD/DVD-RAM
Ejecting J.23
Monitoring
Image reconstruction system C.115
MR scanner C.119
Postprocessing (BOLD) L.439
Mosaic Images
Loading into BOLD L.410
Rule in BOLD L.412
Splitting into single images D.37
Motion artifacts F.151
Motion correction P.1117
Activating low-pass filtering P.1119
Mouse A.23
Double-clicking A.25
Drag & drop A.26
Dragging A.25
Mouse pointer A.24
Single-clicking A.25
Movie G.318
Movie display F.1214, F.1713
Applying temporary settings F.1737
Changing a predefined parameter set F.1737
Changing the range F.1731
Configuring F.1732
Dialog box control F.1720
Index
Display order of the images F.1723

Displaying additional information F.1735
Displaying predefined parameter sets F.1736
Editing images during movie display F.1726
Groups within a series F.1714
Keyboard or mouse control F.1718
LED display in the Movie Control dialog box F.1726
Loop mode and yo-yo mode F.1722
Menu control F.1719
Navigating in movie display F.1727
Scrolling between groups F.1729
Scrolling between images F.1728
Setting inline movie F.1212
Setting realtime mode F.1725, F.1734
Speed F.1724
Starting automatically F.1716
Status F.1717
Moving
By half a slice distance F.445
Combining rotate and shift functions F.451
Into the plane of the reference image F.447
Reference line H.314
With the mouse F.443
MPPS status D.610
MPR Thick H.43
MPR thick slice
Setting the mode M.211
MPR (multiplanar reconstruction) H.13, H.41
Curved sections H.47
Expanded range H.46
Parallel range H.45
Radial range H.45
Thick slices H.43
MR scanner
Booting the operating system C.119
Monitoring C.119
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX21
Index
Shutting down C.119

Shutting down the operating system C.119
Standby C.121
MR scanner standby C.121
MR system
Configuring A.48
MRNeuro
Calling K.12
Closing K.18
Loading Images K.22
Overview of the task card K.13
Requirements K.21
MTC (magnetization transfer) P.146
Multi view mode G10
Multiframe images
Loading to Viewing G.27
Saving G.72
Multiple breath-hold scans F.1026
Multiple film job O.15
Multiple series P.180
Multi-select A.217
Multi-slice mode P.131
Multi-slice scans F.1522
N
Name
Correcting data D.42
Name of sequence F.564
Navigating
In the stamp segments F.177
Navigating in the Exam Explorer F.1612
Navigation area D.18, F.165
Navigator cuboid
Rotating F.450
Navigator object
FoV phase P.123
FoV read P.123
IX22
syngo MR
Location P.122
Orientation P.122
Rotation P.123
Setting TR of the navigator pulses P.126
Slice thickness P.123
Navigator Objects F.415, P.121
Display F.428
Parameters F.415
Navigator signal F.1027
Correlation between diaphragm movement and
anatomy to be scanned P.130
Defining the time P.130
Deviation of the position of the diaphragm from the
tolerance center P.127
Planning the preparation phase P.126
Saving temporal changes as images P.129
Network information C.133
New film sheet O.38
ngio F.546
Noise level
ADC maps P.1111
Dynamic analysis L.123
Noise suppression with the ContextVision filter L.36
Normal mode F.142
Normalization filter P.173
Number of pixels
Setting for shift N.214
Number of readout steps P.150
Numbering of the reconstructed images F.667
Numeric keypad A.211
O
Object list M.416
Deleting an object M.418
Displaying an object M.417
Renaming an object M.418
Storing notes M.418
Oblique cut planes H.320
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Offset (Inline-Subtraction) P.1127

Online help A.28
Online mode K.58
Online statistical values F.159
Open
Audit Trail Filter and Viewer B.286
Audit Trail Storing B.275
Data Permission Setup B.254
Security Configuration B.222
Service Session B.42
Opening
Report in the Patient Browser D.88
Soft Tissue Evaluation dialog L.65
Operating mode
Display F.145
First level controlled operating mode F.142
Normal operating mode F.142
Switching F.1414
Operating system
Rebooting C.121
Order of RF excitation P.133
Organizing local jobs J.64
Organizing network jobs J.65
Organ-specific window settings G.411
Orientation P.18
Selecting a main orientation P.18
Setting a precise angle F.577
Orientation aids
Adjustment volume F.437
Coil elements F.434
Display of slice oversampling F.433
Displaying the phase oversampling F.432
In slice images M.17
In the volume image K.15, M.16
Reference image position lines F.434
Shadow lines F.438
Showing F.430
Orientation check M.215
Index
Orientation cube H.35, K.15, K.39

In slice images M.17
In the volume image M.16
Using it in the volume image M.210
Orientation description H.35
Orientation markers H.36
Orienting
Floating MPRs K.331
Individual slice image planes M.217
Orthogonal MPRs K.331
Slice image planes M.217
Volume image K.330, M.210
Original image O.410
Original images P.1113
Save P.1133
Ortho Sync H.1119
Orthogonal MPRs
Defining properties K.319
Displaying in the volume K.320
Displaying outside the volume K.320
Displaying the frame K.320, K.322
Hiding in the volume segment K.317
Moving an image plane K.326
Moving an intersection point K.328
Orienting K.331
Reducing in the volume segment K.323
Resetting K.331
Overview
Image display N.317
MRNeuro task card K.13
Security System B.11
Vessel View task card M.14
P
Package mode F.424
Paging G.37
Using keyboard G.38
Using scroll bar G.310
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX23
Index
Panning G.423, O.334

Restoring image display G.426
With mouse G.423
Paradigm size P.1121
Paradigm table P.1122
Parallel range H.377, H.387
Changing range H.381, H.391
Settings H.379, H.389
Parallel saturation regions P.119
Parameter card
Angio Common for contrast-enhanced
angiography F.548
Angio Common for phase contrast angiography and
flow quantification F.549
Angio Common for time-of-flight angiography F.547
Angio Inline F.558
BOLD F.551
Center F.511
Diff F.554
Geometry F.523
Geometry Common F.524
Geometry Navigator F.532
Geometry Saturator F.529
Inline F.558
Perf F.556
Physio F.540, F.1514
Physio Cardiac F.541
Physio PACE F.543
Resolution F.517
Resolution iPAT F.521
Routine F.55
Selecting for editing F.54
Sequence F.564
Sequence Part 1 F.565
Sequence Part 2 F.567
System F.534
System adjustments C.23
System Transmitter/Receiver C.216
IX24
syngo MR
Parameter card stack

Adding a new group F.576
Applying parameters F.584
Deleting a saturation region F.577
Deleting a slice/slab group F.577
Displaying and editing parameter groups F.574
Keyboard operation F.582
Restrictions when selecting options F.573
Value ranges F.571
Parameter group F.586
Parameter images L.513
Calculating subsequently (BOLD) L.434
Calculating (Soft Tissue Evaluation) L.610
Color setting L.524
Saving singly (BOLD) L.432
Windowing L.525
Parameter set
Automatic assignment H.75
Changing for movie display F.1737
Creating and editing H.710
For configuration of movie display F.1736
Manually assignment H.76
Parameters
Calculating changes for stimulation
monitoring F.1435
Copying F.585
Copying a parameter group F.585
For controlling the excitation sequence F.526
For dynamic scans P.177
For extending the measurement range F.526
For image numbering F.539
For multi-slice scans P.131
For positioning the scan region F.539
For suppression of respiratory artifacts P.124
Loading F.1534
Parameters for dynamic scanning F.516
Parameters of navigator objects F.415
Operator Manual
syngo MR
PAT reconstruction F.521

Partial Fourier matrices P.156
Partial views F.421
Password
Changing for user account B.231
For user accounts B.225
Generating for service access B.317
Paste
New scan pause in the scan program F.1653
Scan protocol in scan program F.1639
PAT to shorten the scan time P.158
Path Name H.1125
Path representation H.1127
Paths
Changing the course M.318
Connecting M.321
Deleting path points M.320
Editing M.317
Fully automatic definition M.314
Inserting path points M.319
Manual definition M.315
Moving path points M.320
Semiautomatic definition M.310
Patient
Closing N.511
Patient Browser
Sorting data D.219
Patient data
Correcting D.42, E.314
SAR relevant F.1426
Patient ID E.24
Patient instructions F.111
Changing a voice output F.1121
CV/CBT switch F.1112
Deleting a voice output F.1124
Deleting a voice output from all languages F.1127
Deleting a voice output from the current
language F.1124
Index
Editing a voice output F.1121

Label F.111
Naming a new voice output F.1115
Playing back a voice output F.113
Playing back manually F.616
Playing back voice output manually F.115
Recording F.617
Recording a new voice output F.1117
Recording a voice output F.1115, F.1117
Recording and editing voice outputs F.1113
Reordering voice outputs F.1123
Selecting the patient language F.1131
Setting the output volume F.1131
Setting the volume F.1111
Setting up automatic playback F.117
Testing a new voice output F.1120
Testing voice output F.1111, F.1132
Voice output F.114
Patient name
Correcting D.42
Patient registration E.21
Moving to the HOME position F.148
Table movement F.149
Patient search E.34
Accepting patient data E.320
In the HIS/RIS E.315
More than one patient found E.38
One patient found E.38
Patient not found E.39
Searching in Browser E.310
Patient Worklist Query E.317
Pause F.167
After scanning P.178
Commenting F.1625
Cutting F.1622
Delete F.1624
Inserting F.1623
Moving F.1619
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX25
Index
Properties F.1220
Renaming F.1625
Pause properties
Editing F.1219
Percentage of Baseline at Peak map (PBP) P.1114
Performance report D.68
Perfusion F.556
Automatic sorting of images L.58
Calculating parameter images L.513
Color display of parameter images L.524
GBP curve P.1114
Loading Images L.54
Original images P.1113
PBP image P.1114
Positioning an AIF ROI L.517
Scrolling images and series L.510
Selecting a post-processing protocol L.513
Setting the time range L.519
Settling P.1116
Storing and filming results L.526
Suitable images L.55
TTP image P.1113
Permission B.244
To access data B.22
Phase contrast angiography F.549
Phase errors P.190
Phase images P.142, P.1106
3D Shim C.245
Phase oversampling F.432, P.114
Phase partial Fourier P.156
Phase stabilization P.190
Phase-encoding direction P.113
Phases F.1529, P.1125, P.1138
Resolution P.151
Phoenix F.337, F.658, F.1650
AutoAlign F.1923
IX26
syngo MR
Physiological display
Contact F.1510
Display of trigger information F.1512
Graphic display of time ranges F.1511
Physiological effects F.141
Physiological scan
Acquisition window F.1520, F.1528
Performing F.155
Preparing F.153
Sensors F.153
Starting F.1534
Physiological signal
Monitoring F.155
Pixel coordinates F.334
Pixel lens H.368
Deleting the marker G.544
Display value at cursor position G.538
Displaying values permanently H.368
Inserting a marker at a fixed position G.539
Requirement for reference image G.536
Restrictions G.537
Saving the marker with the image G.544
Selecting and moving the marker G.540
Using G.538
Pixel lense G.536
Planning
Contrast agent pause F.1223
Planning oblique and double-oblique slices P.19
Playback
Patient instructions manually F.115
Plot segment
Showing/hiding K.16
PMU display F.153
Polygon
In Composing N.49
Position accept window P.128
Position display
Basics G.62
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Configuring G.614
Data and reference image G.62
Defining data and reference images G.64
Display rules G.69
Displaying some images G.66
Displaying whole series G.66
Example G.612, G.613
Labeling rules G.610
Name and number of the new series G.68
Requirements G.63
Position nose H.1130
Position toolbar F.44
Positioning the patient table F.82
Post-processing L.434
Preparing (BOLD) L.434
Saving protocol changes (BOLD) L.442
Starting the protocol editor L.441
Starting (BOLD) L.438
Tracing (BOLD) L.439
Tracking jobs L.523
Post-processing protocol L.513
Editing (perfusion) L.530
Processing (BOLD) L.440
Preferred orientation
Checking M.215
Preparations for Security B.212
Preparing
Post-processing (BOLD) L.434
Preregistration E.21, E.224
Presets H.1115
Preview images L.117
Print dialog box
Calling up F.132
Print preview of protocols F.138
Print range
Setting F.135
Setting the print scope F.135
Index
Print scope
Setting page numbering F.137
Setting print options F.136
Printer O.55
Error while printing O.52
Selecting O.36, O.42
Setting F.134
Printer a list of contents F.136
Printing
Protocols and lists of contents F.131, F.136
Protocols print preview F.138
Report D.824
Printing protocols
Exam Explorer F.1681
Privileges B.244, B.263
To access application functions B.22
Procedure step
Cancel F.910
Completing F.911
Deleting F.912
Inserting F.96
Profile G.526
Save P.129
Profile curve M.422
Program F.167
Commenting F.1625
Creating new F.1638
Cutting F.1622
Delete F.1624
Inserting F.1623
Moving F.1619
Renaming F.1625
Program control F.212
Completing a procedure step F.619
Display of AutoAlign F.194
Examination with AutoAlign F.195
Opening the next protocol for editing F.640
Planning mode (AutoAlign) F.1929
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX27
Index
Queue F.64
Transferring scan program
from the Exam Explorer F.1666
Program instructions F.16, F.167
Adding to a scan program F.1639
Delete F.663
Finding F.1640
Skipping F.633
Transferring individually F.210
Projection areas F.417
Projection display F.436
Properties
Defining the floating MPRs K.321
Defining the orthogonal MPRs K.319
Protections on data B.244, B.248, B.259
Protocol F.16, F.167
Changing the display of the print preview F.1310
Close the print preview F.1311
Commenting F.1625
Completing F.639
Copy reference for multiple target protocols F.651
Copying parameters F.643
Cutting F.1622
Delete F.1624
Editing for stimulation monitoring F.1437
Export settings F.1314
Exporting data F.1313
Generating a protocol from acquired images
(Phoenix) F.658
Inserting F.1623
Making a source protocol complete F.652
Moving F.1619
Multiple scans F.624
Opening it for slice positioning F.42
Opening the print dialog box F.132
Opening the print preview F.138
Printing F.131, F.132
Printing from the print preview F.1311
IX28
syngo MR
Reconstructed protocol through conversion F.659

Renaming F.1625
Repeating completed protocols F.634
Repeating multiple program instructions F.635
Scanning an open protocol more than once F.637
Selecting F.653
Set the print range F.135
Set the printer F.134
Setting a Copy Reference F.645
Setting to complete F.613
Single scan F.622
Start printing F.1312
Starting data export F.1316
Starting manually F.621
Updating a copy reference F.648
Protocol Editor F.1655
Selecting virtual coils F.1657
Protocol parameters
Displaying in the protocol view F.1644
Editing in the Protocol Editor F.1655
Protocol properties
Editing F.122
Protocol view F.1644
Pulse signal F.1525, P.1135
Pulse triggering F.1525
Q
Quality measurement
Performing F.201
Query & Retrieve Configuration D.244
Queue
Accepting parameter settings F.643
Changing the scan sequence F.660
Cutting / copying and pasting a
program instruction F.661
Deleting completely F.664
Deleting program instructions F.663
Displaying in the program control F.64
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Inserting new protocols F.653

Inserting pause F.657
Inserting protocols with a patient instruction F.655
Moving a program instruction F.660
Saving as a new program F.666
Viewing parameters of protocols
previously run F.642
R
Radial range
Changing H.3105
Generating H.3101, H.3112, H.615
Graphic display H.3102
Moving H.3106
Settings H.3103, H.3114
Radio button A.232
Range markers
Adding a work step F.96
Body region F.93, F.94
Canceling a procedure step F.910
Changing the body region F.93
Changing the image comment F.916
Completing a procedure step F.911
Deleting a body region F.94
Deleting an image comment F.917
Deleting the procedure step F.912
Image comment F.915
Inserting an image comment F.915
Procedure step F.95
Procedure step being processed F.97
Procedure step completed F.911
Work step canceled F.910
Raw data D.15
Image stamps D.116
Raw data (Hanning filter) P.169
Readout bandwidth P.193
Real images P.142
Index
Realtime mode F.1725

Setting F.1734
Real-time mode F.1022
Realtime sequences P.177
Rebooting
Image control system C.15
Image reconstruction system C.116
Operating system C.121
Receive channel C.232, C.269
Receiver gain C.228, C.236, C.259
Receiving
Reconstruction P.142
Adjusting manually N.212
Important notes N.27
Starting N.22
Reconstruction technique PAT P.158
Acceleration factor PE P.160
Acceleration factor 3D P.162
Reference lines PE P.161
Reference lines 3D P.164
Record Off-line Files G18
Recording
Author of the report D.814
Voice output F.1113
Recording a CD
Display on the status bar J.62
Recording speed F.157
Rectangular
Cut planes H.332
Rectangular ROI G.54
Reference image
Displaying O.415
Reference images
Appending an image to a reference series F.350
Defining the scroll order F.313
Distributing images across segments F.310
Enlarging/reducing/panning F.326
Filming, sending, and exporting F.352
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX29
Index
Fit to segment height F.329

Fitting to segment F.328
Flipping horizontally and vertically F.330, F.1810
Images with different table positions F.37
Loading into the image area F.35
Maestro layout F.39
Measuring F.32
Multiple localizers F.343
Position lines F.434
Reference series G.62
Removing from the image area F.337
Repeating scans (Phoenix) F.337
Requirements F.34
Rotating about 90 F.332, F.1811
Rules for saving, exporting, and filming F.347
Save F.348
Scanning at a table position F.340
Scrolling within image segments F.318
Selecting explicitly F.322
Selecting implicitly F.323
Showing pixel coordinates, distances,
and angles F.334
Showing/hiding image text F.332
Siemens sort scheme F.316
Sort criteria for scrolling and movie F.314
Three-segment layout F.38
Transferring images to other task cards F.351
Transferring the table position of a
normal protocol F.341
Two-segment layout F.38
Using reconstructed images F.34
Windowing F.324
Reference line
Free angle H.319
Rotating M.215
Reference lines H.1118, K.14
Hiding K.14, M.17
Panning K.327
Scrolling with M.214
IX30
syngo MR
Reference lines PE P.161

Reference lines 3D P.164
Reference points H.1019
Refresh display D.25
Region F.17, F.167
Assigning a region to a body region F.1632
Commenting F.1625
Creating new F.1631
Cutting F.1622
Delete F.1624
Inserting F.1623
Moving F.1619
Renaming F.1625
Region Growing
Draw Blocker H.919
Seed Points H.919
Regional settings A.35
Registration
Accession number E.216
Additional patient attributes E.28
Admitting diagnosis E.211
Annotations E.26
Birth date, Input format G4
Calling up E.13
Detailed information E.28
Examining personnel E.217
Institution data E.15, E.217
Known patient E.31
New patient E.21
Patient ID E.24
Patient position E.215
Personal data E.15, E.23
Preregistering patient E.224, E.313
Referral data E.15, E.211
Referring Physician E.211
Registering patient E.220, E.313
Request ID E.216
Requesting physician E.211
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Search list E.37

Search list of the worklist query E.319
Searching a patient E.34
Searching with wildcards E.35
Selecting study E.212
Study-specific data E.15
Remote service access B.315, B.41, B.45
Remove Point H.1125
Renaming
Object M.418
User account B.231
Reordering mode P.191
Repacking O.38, O.325
Repeat scans (averages) P.140
Repetition time TR P.137
Repetition time (TR) P.137
Repetitions P.177
Rephased images P.1106
Repiratory triggering F.1526
Report
Close the print preview D.826
Closing the dialog box D.823
Creating D.86
Delete parts of the report D.819
Displaying images and table in original size D.817
Editing D.87, D.812
Making/editing diagnostics and comments D.814
Opening D.88
Opening the print preview D.824
Printing D.824
Recording the author D.814
Saving D.822, M.55
Sending D.829
Setting diagnostic codes D.815
Setting the completion status D.812
Setting the verification status D.813
Start printing D.827
Index
Reporting D.81
Basics D.83
Codes in the report D.85
Configuration D.831
Content items D.84
Diagnostic codes D.85
Editing a report D.87, D.812
Making a Report D.86
Navigating in the report D.810
Opening a report D.88
Printing a report D.824
Relationship between content items D.84
Saving a report D.822
Sending a report D.829
Structure of a Report D.84
Representative image F.310
Requirements
AutoAlign F.193
For composing N.23
For MRNeuro K.21
For Vessel View M.23
Resetting
All views K.329
Clip planes K.315
Floating MPRs K.331
Orthogonal MPRs K.331
Volume view K.330
Resolution F.517
Respiratory control F.1026, P.124
Respiratory phases F.1529, P.1139
Respiratory signal F.1526, P.1135
Restore image display G.426
Restore Magn. P.146
Restoring
Session in Vessel View M.226
Restoring a session
In Vessel View M.226
Result images L.124
Result series L.124
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX31
Index
Retrospective gating F.1531, P.1135

RF excitation pulse P.1100
Adjustment to blood flow P.1102
RF Pulse Type P.197
RF spoiling P.1100
RIS/HIS E.12
Patient search E.315
ROI (region of interest) G.54
Calculating a histogram G.516
Circular G.54
Deleting L.231
Drawing G.55, G63, L.228
Dynamic L.231
Freehand G.57, H.365
Moving G.56, H.364
Rectangular G.54
Resizing G.56, H.364
Static L.230
Statistics G.513, H.367
Role
Adding/removing owners B.242
(group of users) B.22, B.263, B.32
Rolling H.1118
Rotating F.451
Clockwise G.429
Counterclockwise G.430
Free angle G.430
Longitudinal section of a vessel M.423
Navigator cuboid F.450
Oblique intersections F.452
Reference images about 90 F.332, F.1811
Regular saturation region and navigator pen F.450
Section planes K.327
Volume image K.39, M.29
90 G.429
IX32
syngo MR
Rotating the VOI H.510

Rotation
Routine F.55
S
Safety standards
Introduction B.11
Sagittal view H.328
SAR information F.1420
SAR limit values F.143
Exceeding F.1410
Stimulation models F.143
SAR monitoring
Automatic F.146
Changing measurement parameters F.1411
On other task cards F.1419
Relevant patient data F.1426
Skipping a scan protocol F.1417
SAR status F.1425
SAR values F.1422
Reduction of delay time P.193
Relative F.1423
Saturation mode F.529, P.117
Saturation region F.530, P.117
Location F.577
Orientation F.577
Parallel sat P.119
Standard sat P.118
Tracking sat P.119
Saturation regions
Adding in the center of the image F.466
Display F.426
Parallel F.411
Positioning freely F.467
Regular F.410
Rotating F.450
Tracking F.413
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Save
Path H.1126
Saving scan data automatically F.1210
Scan program F.1661
Saving
Additional information M.54
All alpha images (BOLD) L.428
Configuration settings for reports D.842
Images G.74, K.63, M.52
Images (BOLD) L.428
Marker of the pixel lens with the image. G.544
Mean curve results L.254
Mean curve results as an ASCII file L.256
New images K.62, M.53
Protocol data in Soft tissue evaluation L.617, L.631
Report D.822, M.55
Session in Vessel View M.225
Single alpha images (BOLD) L.432
Single parameter images (BOLD) L.432
VRT parameters K.38, K.57, M.27
Windowing values G.77
Saving as a BMP image file K.64
Saving images (Inline-Subtraction) P.1126
Saving the session
In Vessel View M.225
Saving uncombined P.182
Scaling factor (Inline-Subtraction) P.1127
Scan P.177
Displaying M.417
Performing physiologically controlled scans F.155
Scan procedure for a routine examination F.610
Skipping F.1433, F.1437
Skipping because of SAR monitoring F.1417
Starting F.1534
Scan at current table position P.182
Scan pause F.167
Defining as a contrast agent pause F.1223
Entering a comment F.1221
Index
Entering the name F.1221

Inserting a scan pause in the scan program F.1653
Scan program F.17, F.161, F.167
Activating/deactivating archive option F.1629
Activating/deactivating visibility option F.1630
Adding program instruction F.1639
Converting F.1675
Creating a new protocol from a sequence F.1646
Creating a new protocol from a
series or image F.1650
Creating an AutoAlign program F.1926
Creating new F.1638
Finding F.1612
Inserting a new scan pause F.1653
Saving F.1661, G64
Saving under a new name F.1661
Saving under the same name F.1665
Selecting F.22, F.24
Transferring from the Exam Explorer to the program
control F.1666
Transferring to the program control F.27
With multiple localizers F.343
Scan protocol F.167
Automatic loading F.1210
Automatic saving F.1210
Creating a new protocol from a sequence F.1646
Creating a protocol from a series
or image (Phoenix) F.1650
Default setting for manual start F.127
Default setting for multiple scans F.128
Defining start options F.125
Displaying upgrade info F.1216
Entering a comment F.124
Entering the name F.124
Finding F.1640
Reconstructed protocol through conversion F.1652
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX33
Index
Scan region
Location P.183
Scan region Memory P.184
Scan time F.22
Scheduler D.12
Updating D.24
Scoliosis angle
According to Cobb N.414
Scout
Duration P.126
Mode P.126
TR P.126
Scroll bar A.228, G.310
Scrolling G.32
Composed volumes N.326
From series to series (BOLD) L.415
Image by image (BOLD) L.413
Mean Curve L.225
Page by page G.37
Patients G.317
Series to series G.312
Slice image stack N.328
Studies G.314
Through images and series (BOLD) L.413
Through the slice image stacks M.213
Using the dog-ears G.35, M.213, N.328
With reference lines M.214
Scrolling series by series (BOLD) L.415
Search position P.129
Search window P.129
Searching patient data E.34
Section planes
Moving an intersection point K.328
Panning K.326
Rotating K.327
Sectional images
Windowing K.324
Security in syngo MR B.11
IX34
syngo MR
Security system
Access control (overview) B.244
Audit Trail B.271, B.277, B.288, B.291, B.294
Changing password of user account B.231
Configuration B.22
Configuration of group accounts (Overview) B.235
Configuration of user accounts B.225
Deleting user accounts B.234
Enabling B.219
Managing data protections B.248
Managing group accounts B.236
Managing groups B.243
Managing groups and roles B.242
Managing user accounts B.227, B.231
Opening Audit Trail Archiving Configuration B.275
Opening configuration dialog B.222
Overview B.31
Setting up the default protections B.259
Setting up the privileges B.263
Setting up workflow B.216
Setting up (preparations) B.212
Segment
Enlarging K.32
Segment height F.329
Segment size F.328
Segmentation
Fully automatic M.314
Semiautomatic M.310
Segments F.1522, P.196
Selecting
Anatomical series in Soft tissue evaluation L.611
Annotation texts G.555
Camera O.511
Camera/printer O.36, O.42
Clip planes K.312
Combined protocol in Soft tissue evaluation L.627
Contrast agent from the catalog F.1224
Data for Soft tissue Evaluation L.65
Explicit selection F.439
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Film job O.313

Film sheet O.317
Graphics G.555
Images G.332
Implicit selection F.441
Multi-select A.217
Objects A.216
Parameter image series in
Post-processing protocol in breast evaluation L.613
Regions of the brain K.53
Segment O.319
Virtual coils F.1657
Selecting images
Patient Browser L.14
Viewing task card L.14
Selecting regions of the brain K.53
Selection
Explicit selection G.337
Implicit selection G.344
Input focus G.333
Selection list A.232
Selective Image Display in the Inline Display F.1021
Semi-automatic path creation M.310
Sending D.53, G.710, J.35
Automatic J.15
Data in the network J.14
Errors J.220
Report D.829
Sending data J.33
Sensors F.153
Sequence F.16
Creating a new scan protocol
from a sequence F.1646
Part 1 F.565
Part 2 F.567
Index
Sequence of actions
Saving to a movie file M.59
Sequence variant F.564
Series P.133
Creating a new scan protocol from a series F.1650
Loading into BOLD L.48
Loading the first into BOLD L.46
Selecting for reconstruction N.22
Series block F.339
Series icon F.32
Service
Local service A.44
Maintenance A.42
Remote service A.45
Service access B.315, B.42, B.45
Rights B.41
Service password B.317
Setting
Color scale in BOLD L.419
Completion status in the report D.812
Diagnostic code in the report D.815
Diagnostic code of a report D.836
Encoding scheme for reports D.837
Language of a report in the configuration D.833
Page number in the print scope F.137
Print options in the print scope F.136
Print range F.135
Printer F.134
Verification status in the report D.813
Setting MinIP H.343
Setting the width of the flat ribbon M.422
Settings for spin preparation F.513
Settling P.1116
Shadow lines F.438
Shadow protocol F.337
Shift
Setting the number of pixels N.214
Shift key A.217
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX35
Index
Shim parameters C.241

Accepting C.247
Applying C.255
Calculating C.246
Changing C.253
Deleting the best shim parameter C.255
Fine-tuning C.251
Loading from tune up C.242
Loading system parameters C.242
Loading the best shim parameters C.255
Shutter G.545
Shutting down
MR scanner C.119
System C.13
Shutting down syngo MR C.16
Shutting down the system C.13
Side-by-Side H.1032
Siemens filter L.34
Siemens regions F.1634
Siemens tree F.166
Signal
Displaying F.157
Displaying a second signal F.158
Monitoring on the PMU display F.155
Selecting F.158
Signal suppression F.514
Fat/water F.530
Signal-to-noise ratio
Effect of the averaging mode P.191
Improving by averaging P.140
Influence of the readout bandwidth P.193
Single layout N.319
With original N.320
Single-oblique intersection F.419
Slab Editor
Enlarging a 3D block H.99
Moving a 3D block H.910
Reducing a 3D block H.99
Rotating a 3D block H.910
IX36
syngo MR
Slab group P.13

Adding F.576
Delete F.577
Location F.577
Orientation F.577
Slabs P.14
Changing the distance F.473
Changing the number of the slabs F.470
Changing the thickness F.470
Slice distance F.47
Slice group P.13
Adding F.576
Delete F.577
Location F.577
Orientation F.577
Slice image planes
Moving an intersection point M.214
Orienting M.217
Orienting individually M.217
Rotating M.215
Tilting M.215
Slice image stack
Scrolling M.213, N.328
Slice images
Orientation aids M.17
Switching display modes M.211
Slice oversampling F.433, P.116
Slice partial Fourier P.157
Slice resolution P.154
Slice thickness F.47, P.16
Setting M.212
Slice thickness (MPR Thick) H.43
Slices P.14
Adding in 3 point mode F.463
Canceling positioning F.43
Changing the distance F.473
Changing the number of slices F.470
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Changing the thickness F.470

In the slab P.17
Partial views F.422
Positioning freely F.460
Positioning in the center of the
reference image F.461
Shifting relative to each other N.217
Slices and Slice Groups F.46
Swapping the phase direction F.452
Slices per respiratory cycle P.1140
Slider A.234
Slope
Smoothing with the ContextVision filter L.35
Soft limits and extended limits F.571
Access authorization L.63
Calling up L.64
Deleting a customer protocol L.621, L.633
Editing protocol parameters L.614, L.628
Image definition L.62
Introduction L.62
Layout of subtask cards L.68
Opening the dialog box L.65
Opening the Patient Browser L.64
Performing a parameter image calculation L.622
Saving protocol data L.617, L.631
Selecting a combined protocol L.627
Selecting a post-processing protocol L.613
Selecting anatomical series L.611
Selecting data L.65
Selecting parameter image series L.625
Sort criteria for scrolling and movie F.314
Sort scheme F.316
Sorting F.314, F.316
Images for Mean Curve L.213
Voice outputs for patient instructions F.1123
Spatial filter P.1119
Special User Accounts B.25
Index
Spectroscopy
Inline Display F.1030
Speed of Movie display F.1724
Spin box A.233
Spin preparation F.513
Spinal column
SSD (Fly view) H.115
SSD (surface shaded display) H.18, H.61
Changing thresholds H.63
Generating images H.62
Starting extraction H.67
Stack G.218
Stamp segments F.172
Changing the arrangement of series F.1710
Navigating F.177
Repeating the measurement F.176
Standard deviation
Calculated image from 3D blocks P.1129, P.1130
Calculating L.166
Standard film layout O.17
Standard saturation regions P.118
Standard view
Coronal H.34, H.329
Restoring H.330
Sagittal H.34, H.328
Transversal H.34, H.327
Start options (scan protocol) F.125
Starting
Application program C.19
Default setting for manual starting of a
scan protocol F.127
Export of protocol data F.1316
MRNeuro K.12
Parameter image calculation L.622
Post-processing (BOLD) L.438
Printing a report D.827
Printing protocols F.1312
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX37
Index
Protocol editor post-processing (BOLD) L.441

syngo MR C.16
Vessel View M.13
Starting ignore meas P.1116
Statistical evaluation (mean curve) L.21
Changing image display L.221
Defining sorting L.213
Defining the x axis L.215
Deleting results L.260
Drawing ROIs in the first segment L.228
Drawing ROIs in the third segment L.232
Evaluation across series L.214
Evaluation within the series L.213
Filming images L.259
Image as a background for the diagram L.252
Image text and comments L.251
Loading images into the third
and fourth segments L.211
Loading images of the first segment L.27
Mean Curve task card L.24
Overview L.23
Requirements L.27
Result display in the diagram L.241
Result display in the table L.242
Saving results as an ASCII file L.256
Saving results as images L.254
Scaling the x axis L.245
Scaling the y axis L.247
Scrolling across series L.223
Scrolling with dynamic ROIs L.231
Searching for an original images by scrolling in the
fourth segment L.225
Set relative evaluation L.237
Setting absolute evaluation L.236
Smoothing curves L.250
Sorting in Across mode L.217
Start evaluation L.239
Static ROI L.230
Using vertical scan line L.243
IX38
syngo MR
Statistics
Showing/hiding G.514, G.521, G.525
Status
Status bar A.247
Data transfer J.62
Stenosis curve M.421
Step Size H.1128
Stimulation F.141
Automatic monitoring F.1431
Editing the protocol F.1437
Information F.1440
Limit reached F.1434
Threshold exceeded F.1432
Stimulation models F.143
Stimulation monitoring
Calculating new parameters F.1435
On other task cards F.1438
Storage
Configuring J.71
In the network J.37
Storage Comittment D.616, J.31
Storing
Audit Trail Configuration B.277
Automatic J.15
On a multi-session CD J.214
On a single session CD J.27
Storing data on an external medium J.14
Storing data J.21
Storing notes M.418
Stripe G.216
Structure
Report D.84
Study comparison mode G.214
Study report
Image stamps D.116
Subtask card A.240, G.18
dB/dt F.1442
Operator Manual
syngo MR
SAFE F.1440
Subtracting P.1125
Subtraction
Starting L.133
Subtrahend (Inline-Subtraction) P.1128
Surface coils P.185
Surface Matching H.1025
Swapping the phase direction F.452
Switch user B.35
Switching modes F.462
Switching off
Blocking areas (BOLD) L.424
Interpolation parameter images L.417
Symbol keypad A.211, D.32
syngo MR
Changing your password C.114
Closing C.16
Closing an application program C.19
Locking the computer C.111
Logging off C.112
Logging on a new user C.113
Shutting down and rebooting components C.117
Starting C.16
Starting an application program C.19
Switching the Power Supply to Standby C.121
Syringe icon F.71
System
Forced reboot C.18
Forced shutdown C.18
System acquisition window P.1136
System information C.127
T
Tab A.236
Tab card A.236
Table
Results in mean curve L.242
Table movement P.181
Index
Inconsistencies resulting from a

changed table position F.86
Table position P.181
Defining using protocol parameters F.342
Images with different table positions F.37
Inconsistencies resulting from a changed table
position F.672
Propagating to another protocol F.341
Scan region Memory P.184
Scanning reference images at a table position F.340
Table positioning F.82
Magnet opening lighting F.87
Magnet opening ventilation F.88
Table STOP F.86
Tagging (cardiac imaging) P.1123
Task card A.237
BOLD L.41, L.43
Composing N.32
Perfusion L.52
TD (delay time) P.139
TE (echo time) P.138
Temperature rise due to radio frequency F.141
Test image
Changing L.118
Generating for t-test L.162, L.171
Generating for T2 L.172, L.175
Limiting the display area L.119
Selecting L.118
Testing
Tests during composing N.23
Text
Thickness P.123
Three-segment layout F.38
Threshold F.1528
Creating presets H.612
Presets H.67
Threshold values H.1027, P.1121, P.1139
0.0
syngo MR 2006T
IX39
Index
TI (inversion time) P.139

Tilting
Clip planes K.314
Time ranges in the physiological display F.1511
Time ranges on the Physio parameter card F.1524
Time to center P.1103
Time to peak
Starting L.176
Time-of-flight angiography F.547
Time-to-Peak-Map (TTP) P.1113
Tips on real-time scans F.1033
Tolerance window P.127
Tool bar D.18
Tool tip A.235
Tools
Acquiring diagnostic information C.124
Checking system files C.124
TR (repetition time) P.137
Trace-weighted images P.1110
Tracking factor P.130
Tracking saturation region P.119
Transfer
Configuring J.71
Error messages J.62
Transition does not match N.29
Translucent M.317
Transmitter adjustment C.233
Entering the amplitude C.235, C.238
Preparing C.233
Start amplitude C.235
Starting C.236
Transmitter increment C.258
IX40
syngo MR
Transversal view H.327

Tree view D.22
Trigger delay P.1137
Trigger indication F.154
Trigger information F.1512
Trigger pulse P.1137
Triggering with an external signal F.1530
T-test P.1120
Entering a threshold P.1121
Generating a test image L.162, L.171
Grouping Series L.160
Performing L.162
Setting a calculation range P.1121
Starting L.163
t-test images
Turbo factor P.196
Two-segment layout F.38
U
Undo
All steps M.18
Unlicensed scan programs F.1610
Unloading
Single volume K.24
Unselecting
Color palette in BOLD L.419, L.420
Upgrade info (scan protocol) F.1216
User account B.32
Change password B.231
Configuration (Overview) B.225
Creating a new user account B.227
Deleting B.234
Enabling/disabling B.231
Properties B.231
Special accounts B.25
User change during composing N.210
Operator Manual
syngo MR
User Management B.22, B.32

User-defined applications D.312
Configuring D.718
User-specific window settings G.411
Using
Pixel lens G.538
Siemens filters L.34
V
Value ranges of the activation map K.48
Varying magnetic fields F.141
Velocity encoding P.1105
Vertical scan line L.243
Vessel navigator
Calling M.419
Evaluating a longitudinal section M.425
MIP view M.419, M.423
MPR view M.419
Profile curve M.422
Rotating the longitudinal section M.423
Setting the width of the flat ribbon M.422
Stenosis curve M.421
Vessel orthogonal orientation M.42
Vessel section images
Creating axial cuts M.43
Vessel View
Calling M.13
Closing M.112
Configuring M.221
Requirements M.23
Vessel View task card
Overview M.14
Vessels
Defining M.31
View
Changed data C.126
Databases C.132
Drives C.131
Index
Patents C.135
Protocol parameters in the protocol view F.1644
Unlicensed scan programs F.1610
Upgrade info of a scan protocol F.1216
View options
Defining M.221
Viewing
Closing images G.718
Closing series G.718
Closing the patient G.719
Copying, cutting and pasting graphics G.556
Display mode G.212
Drag & drop images from Browser G.24
Graphics tools G.51
Images, text, graphics G.15
Layout of the image area G.14, G.220
Loading images from Browser G.22
Loading multiframe images G.27
Movie G.318
Patient information G.17
Regions of interest (ROIs) G.54
Scroll bar G.310
Subtask cards G.18
Text blocks G.225
Transferring images to 3D task card G.716
Viewing distance H.1114
Viewing point H.1112, H.1113, H.1116
Virtual coils
Selecting F.1657
Virtual film sheet O.16
Film sheet full O.214
Visibility-Irrespective of licensing F.1630
Visual alignment H.1012
VOI
Deleting K.57
Drawing a contour K.53
Editing a contour K.54
Organizing K.56
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syngo MR 2006T
IX41
Index
VOI (volume of interest) H.56

Activating VOI mode H.57
Changing size H.58
Changing view H.59
Complex VOIs H.523
Cropping H.515
Cutting H.517
Defining M.32
Drawing a contour M.33
Exiting VOI mode H.528
Freehand H.513
Moving H.59
Tube-shaped M.322
Undoing H.520
Voice output
Automatic playback F.117
Volume
Same position N.28
Volume image
Hiding K.318
In MRNeuro K.15
MIP display M.15
Moving it into original display M.210
Orientation aids K.15, M.16
Orientation cube M.16
Orienting K.330, M.210
Resetting K.330
Rotating K.39, M.29
Switching to MIP mode M.28
VRT display M.15, M.24
Volume parts
Hiding K.310
VRT H.71
Closing the VRT Gallery H.79
Display K.15, M.15, M.24
Gallery K.34, M.24
Opening the VRT Gallery H.76
Settings K.34
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syngo MR
Tissue classes H.715

VRT Definition H.710
VRT Clip H.724
VRT mode
Setting M.28
VRT parameters
Editing K.36, M.25
Manual assignment K.34, M.24
Saving K.38, K.57, M.27
VRT (Fly view) H.118
W
Water suppression C.256, P.145
Accepting the correction factor C.262
Entering the correction factor C.258
Entering the transmitter increment C.258
Preparing C.256
Starting the measurement C.259
Wildcards E.35
Window
Active A.229
Border A.223
Closing A.225
Configuration window A.32
Controlling the window display A.223
Maximizing A.225
Menu bar A.223
Menu for window commands A.223
Minimizing A.225
Moving A.227
Resizing A.226
Restoring size A.225
Scroll bar A.223
Operator Manual
syngo MR
Scrolling A.228
Status bar A.223
Switching between windows A.229
Title bar A.223
Tool bar A.223
Workspace A.223
Window center G.43
Window values G.77
Setting N.334
Window width G.43
Window (BOLD) P.1121
Windowing G.42, K.324, O.331
Anatomical images in BOLD L.416
Auto window G.49
In Composing N.334
Organ-specific window settings G.411
Parameter images L.525
Restoring window values G.414
Setting the scope G.44
Window 1 / Window 2 O.332
With the mouse G.412
Windows XP A.21
Work status
Abbreviations D.62
Entering D.65
Workflow for configuration of security system B.216
Working in 3D
Restoring original view H.330
Showing/Hiding graphics H.84
Switching to MIP H.341
Switching to MPR H.340
Switching to SSD H.344
Write protection J.25
X
x axis scaling L.245
Index
Y
y axis scaling L.247
Yo-yo F.1722
Z
Zoom factor G.417
Zooming G.415
Images K.33
Restoring zoom factor G.421
With the mouse G.418
Symbols
+GSP toolbar F.44
Numerics
1st Signal/Mode P.1134
3 point mode F.463
3D
Auto-storing H.1210
Configuration H.141
Control area H.111
Data checked for suitability H.23
Filming images H.132
Grouping images by output type H.126
Image area H.111
Image information H.39
MIP thin H.530
MIP (maximum intensity projection) H.54
MPR thick H.43
MPR (multiplanar reconstruction) H.41
Orientation cube H.35
Orientation description H.35
Orientation markers H.36
Output segment H.38
Reference image H.311
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syngo MR 2006T
IX43
Index
syngo MR
Reference segment H.38

Saving as (entire series) H.128
Saving as (individual images) H.123
Saving images H.122
Series from Series list H.212
Series list H.26
SSD (surface shaded display) H.61
Transferring images from Browser H.22
Transferring images from Viewer H.22
Transferring images to Viewer H.133
VOI mode H.56
3D Editor H.91
Morphological Operations H.942
Object Editor H.914
Object Punching H.935
Region Growing H.914
3D Series list
Hiding invalid series H.28
Merging series H.29
Too many images selected H.28
Transferring series to 3D task card H.210
3D Shim
Acceptance of the calculated parameters C.247
Displaying the field map C.244
Entering the shim parameters C.241
Entering the transmit amplitude C.241
Mode display C.242
Selecting magnitude or phase image C.245
Starting C.243
Windowing images C.245
3D slabs and slab groups F.48
3D-MAP Shim C.239
Preparing C.239
IX44
Operator Manual

Syngo MR

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syngo MR Operator Manual

Products, that are bearing a CE mark fulfill the provisions of the

Telephone: +49 9131 84-0

Print No. MR-05000.621.04.01.24

Managing and Adjusting the

Storing and Data Exchange

Basics for Beginners

Configuring the User Interface

Information for Administrators

Information for Users

Information for Service Technicians

C Managing and Adjusting the System

Adjusting the System

Searching for and Displaying Patient Data

Transferring Data to other Applications

Storing, Sending and Filming Data

Maintaining your Data

Configuring the Patient Browser

Registering a New Patient

Registering a Known Patient

Configuring Patient Registration

Introduction to the MR Examination

Loading the Scan Program

Measuring, Editing, and Managing Ref. Images

Adjusting Measurement Parameters

Performing a routine examination

Using a contrast agent

Positioning the Patient Table

Working with instruction areas

Protocol and Pause Properties

SAR and Stimulation Monitoring

Physiologically Controlled Scans

Organizing Scan Programs

Maestro Layout and Movie Display (Option)

Automatic position correction

Loading and Displaying Images

Scrolling and Selecting Images

Saving and Documenting Images

Configuring the Viewing Task Card

Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR)

Maximum and Minimum Intensity Projection

Reconstructing Surfaces (SSD)

Volume Rendering Technique (VRT)

Selecting and Processing Images

J Storing and Data Exchange

Storing Data on an External Medium

Sending Data via the Network

Exchanging Data via the Hard Disk

Automatic Storing and Sending

Checking Data Transfer

Configuring Data Transfer

Changing the anatomical display

Displaying functional information

Saving and filming images

Evaluating Images with Mean Curve

Image filtration and distortion correction

Viewing and Evaluating BOLD Images

Evaluating Perfusion-Weighted Images

Soft Tissue Evaluation MR

Loading and displaying images

Saving and documenting evaluations

Image selection and reconstruction

Saving and documenting images