FAMILY PLANNING

by
LeAnna Ceglia

WHAT IS FAMILY
PLANNING?
According to the Merriam Webster Dictionary:
the use of birth control to determine the
number of children there will be in a family
and when those children will be born

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?
It allows you to have a family on your time to make your life:

easier
less stressful
more financially secure
and the more kids you have the more responsibilities you
have

METHODS FOR FAMILY

PLANNING
Abstinence is the only form of birth control that is a
guarantee to be 100% effective.

M E T H O D S F O R FA M I LY
P L A N N I N G C O N T.
Contraception or Birth Control
Most common types: condoms, birth control pills, IUD (intrauterine
device)
Other methods
Spermicides
Vaginal contraceptive ring
Female condoms
Transdermal patch
Diaphragm
Birth Control shot
Cervical cap
Contraceptive sponge

CONDOMS
A thin, stretchable sheath that covers the penis
Advantages: safe, no side effects, readily available, if used entire

time of intercourse condoms can protect against STIs

Disadvantage: interrupts intercourse, sensation may be altered,
occasionally tears, 15% failure rate

BIRTH CONTROL PILLS

Regular ingestion of oral contraceptive pills suppresses the action
of hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, causing a decrease in the

productions of certain hormones (follicle stimulating hormone and

luteinizing hormone) which stimulate ovulation.
Therefore, follicles do not mature and ovulation is inhibited

BIRTH CONTROL PILLS

CONT.
Advantages: if taken regularly, are highly effective, does not
interrupt intercourse, periods are scheduled, lighter periods

Disadvantages: must visit your doctor often to monitor hormone

levels, must remember to take everyday around same time, not 100%
effective, may cause weight gain or mood changes, no

STI protection

INTRAUTERINE DEVICE
What is it: A small T-shaped device with bendable arms for
insertion through the cervix

How does it work: Severs as a spermicide and inflames

endometrium, preventing fertilization
Advantages vs Disadvantages:
Failure rate is less than 1%, good to use up to 10 years
Must check often for proper placement, some discomfort during
intercourse, not STI protection

SPERMICIDE
A chemical that reduces the sperms mobility to prevent fertilization
Comes in many forms (foam, tablets, suppositories, creams, films, and gels

Must be applied to high in vagina to make contact with cervix

Apply 15 mins to 1 hour before intercourse and reapply before each
additional act of intercourse

FEMALE CONDOMS
Very similar to male condoms
Inserted into womans vagina

DIAPHRAGM
What is it: a shallow dome made of latex or silicone that covers
the cervix
How does it work: covers cervix, preventing sperm from entering
Considerations: more effective with spermicides, annual
examination to assess fit, inspect before every use, replace every
2 years, can be inserted up to 6 hours before intercourse

CERVICAL CAP
What is it: a small cap made of rubber or silicone with a soft dome
and firm brim
How does it work: similar to diaphragm but only covers the base of
the cervix
Considerations: must be left in place up to 6 hours after intercourse,
can be left in no more than 48 hrs and no less than 6 hrs, must get

properly fitted, check cap position before and after intercourse, fit
checked every year and or after birth, surgery, or major weight gain or loss

CONTRACEPTIVE SPONGE
What is it: a small, round, sponge that contains spermicide and
covers the opening of the cervix

How does it work: very similar to diaphragm and cervical cap

Considerations: one size fits all, moisten with water before
insertion, protection for up to 24 hrs and for
repeated intercourse, leave in place up to 6 hrs
after last intercourse, wear no longer than 24-30 hrs

VAGINAL CONTRACEPTIVE
RING
What is it: a flexible ring worn in the vagina to deliver continuous
levels of progesterone and ethinyl estradiol to prevent ovulation

Considerations: is worn for 3 weeks followed by one week of

removal, a period occurs during week of removal
like birth control pills, some discomfort may occur
during intercourse, less than 8% failure rate.,
available by prescription only.

TRANSDERMAL PATCH
What is it: a patch that is applied directly to the
skin that prevents ovulation

How does it work: delivers continuous progesterone to prevent ovulation

Considerations: works very similar to birth control pills and ring, applied
to intact skin for 3 weeks and removed for 1 week, a period occurs during
week of removal, can be applied to upper outer arm, upper torso, lower
abdomen, or buttocks, less than 8% failure rate, available by prescription only.

BIRTH CONTROL SHOTS

What is it: an injection of a hormone
(progesterone) to prevent pregnancy

How does it work: Keeps eggs from leaving

the ovaries and make cervical mucus thicker
Considerations: prescription needed; effective for three months,

convenient, does not interrupt intercourse, will need to get new shot
and see doctor every 12 weeks, a very private method of birth control

RESOURCES
Plan Parenthood
3166 Collins Dr. Merced, CA 95348
p: 209.723.7751 | f: 209.723.0295
Golden Valley Health Center Womens Health
797 W Childs Ave
(209) 383-5871
Walmart
Gas Stations
Primary care physician

QUESTIONS?