Introduction

A triangle is a polygon with three edges and three vertices. It is one of the
basic shapes in geometry. A triangle with vertices A, B, and C is denoted
.In Euclidean
geometry any three points, when non-collinear, determine a unique triangle and a
unique plane (i.e. a two-dimensional Euclidean space).A triangle is a 3-sided polygon sometimes
(but not very commonly) called the trigon. Every triangle has three sides and three angles, some
of which may be the same. The sides of a triangle are given special names in the case of a right
triangle, with the side opposite the right angle being termed the hypotenuse and the other two
sides being known as the legs. All triangles are convex and bicentric. That portion of the plane
enclosed by the triangle is called the triangle interior, while the remainder is the exterior.

It is common to label the vertices of a triangle in counter clockwise order as either , , (or
, , ). The vertex angles are then given the same symbols as the vertices themselves. The
symbols , , (or , , ) are also sometimes used (e.g., Johnson 1929), but this convention
results in unnecessary confusion with the common notation for trilinear coordinates
, and
so is not recommended. The sides opposite the angles , , and (or , , ) are then
labeled , , (or , , ), with these symbols also indicating the lengths of the sides (just as
the symbols at the vertices indicate the vertices themselves as well as the vertex angles,
depending on context).

Aim
The aim of this project work is to apply concept of triangle in daily life.

Objectives

(i)Identify the triangle

(ii)Identify method used to calculate the area of triangle
(iii)Study and analysis the relation between area and length of triangle

Part 1 : (a)Discuss briefly about triangle.(Include picture)

all sides the same length

a regular polygon with all angles

measuring 60.

Equilateral triangle
two sides of equal length
two angles of the same measure
the angles opposite to the two

sides of the same length

Isosceles triangle
all sides different lengths
all angles are unequal

Scalene triangle
interior angles measuring 90
side opposite to the right angle is

the hypotenuse
right triangle

other two sides are called

the legs or catheti

(singular: cathetus)

interior angle measuring more

than 90
If c is the length of the longest

obtuse triangle

side, then a2 + b2 < c2

a and b are the lengths of the

other side.
measuring less than 90
If c is the length of the longest

side, then a2 + b2 > c2

acute triangle

a and b are the lengths of the

other sides
(b) Give example of its uses in daily life
Triangles are often used in quilting, a type
of textile arts.

Graphic design

A triangular rack used to line up the balls

in a game called pool or billiards.

game
building

building

This sculpture using 3-D triangles is on the

University of Toronto campus in Canada.

The triangle also used in building bridge.

Part 2 :Draw 5 equilateral triangle which has different length

1cm

2cm

3cm

5cm

6cm

a=

3 2
(b) Show the area of equlateral triangle ,A= 4 x

a=

A=

=
=
=

(c)Calculate the area by

method

(answer)

using at least 2

Method 1:Using formula

A=

3 x2
4

Method 2: Trigonometry-based formula

A=

1
ab sin C
2

Method 3 : : Herons formula

A=

s (sa)( sb)(sc)

3 equilateral triangle

,s=

1
(a+ b+c )
2

Method 1
3 2
A= 4 x

Method 2
1
A = 2 ab sin C

Method 3
A=
s (sa)(sb)(sc) , s=

3 (1)2

1
(1)(1) sin 60
2

S=

=0.4330cm

=0.4330cm

1
(a+ b+c )
2
1
(1+1+1)
2

3
2

A=

3 3
3
3
( 1)( 1)( 1)
2 2
2
2

= 0.4330 cm

1cm

3 (2)2
4

=1.7321cm

1
(2)(2)sin 60
2
=1.7321cm

S=

1
(2+2+2) =3
2

A=
3(32)(32)(32)
2
= 1.7321 cm

2cm

1
(3)(3) sin60
2

3 (3)2
4

=3.8971cm

=3.8971cm

1
(3+3+ 3) =
2

S=

9
2

A=

9 9
9
9
( 3)( 3)( 3)
2 2
2
2

2
= 3.8971 cm

3cm

Part 3: (a) Complete the table below using the measurement (x) in the range of
5 x 4225

No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

Length
5
8
15
23
45
50
100
350
563
700
830
900
1000
1350
1500
1680
1800
2000
2030

x
25
64
225
529
2025
2500
10000
122500
316969
490000
688900
810000
1000000
1822500
2250000
2822400
3240000
4000000
4120900

Area (A)
10.82531755
27.71281292
97.42785793
229.0637193
876.8507213
1082.531755
4330.127019
53044.05598
137251.6031
212176.2239
298302.4503
350740.2885
433012.7019
789165.6492
974278.5793
1222135.05
1402961.154
1732050.808
1784402.043

20
21
22
23
24
25

2530
2950
3000
3200
3626
4225

6400900
8702500
9000000
10240000
13147876
17850625

2771671.004
3768293.038
3897114.317
4434050.067
5693197.311
7729547.362

(b)Plot graphs to show relations between

i)Area (A) against length (x)

Graph of Area(A) against length(x)

9000000
8000000
7000000
6000000
5000000
Area(A) 4000000
3000000
2000000
1000000
0
0

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500

Length(x)

ii)Area (A) against (x)

Graph of Area(A) against (x)

9000000
8000000
7000000
6000000
5000000
Area(A) 4000000
3000000
2000000
1000000
0
0

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000

(x)

(c) Compare the two graphs obtained and make a conclusion

From the first graph (graph of area against length), the value of area increases at an increasing
rate when the length increases. From the second graph(graph of area against x), the value of the
area is directly proportional to the value of x.
From here, make a conclusion, the first graph is a quadratic function ,the shape is curve, while
the second graph(area against x) is a linear function ,the shape is a straight line.

(d)From table, find the value of

Hence, make conclusion.
A
Value of x and

No.

Length

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

5
8
15
23
45
50
100
350
563
700

x
25
64
225
529
2025
2500
10000
122500
316969
490000

A
x

and

A
x 2 .Discuss and compare the data obtained.

A
2
x .

Area (A)
10.82531755
27.71281292
97.42785793
229.0637193
876.8507213
1082.531755
4330.127019
53044.05598
137251.6031
212176.2239

A
x
2.165063509
3.464101615
6.495190528
9.959292144
19.48557159
21.65063509
43.30127019
151.5544457
243.7861512
303.1088913

A
x2
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

688900
810000
1000000
1822500
2250000
2822400
3240000
4000000
4120900
6400900
8702500
9000000
10240000
13147876
17850625

298302.4503
350740.2885
433012.7019
789165.6492
974278.5793
1222135.05
1402961.154
1732050.808
1784402.043
2771671.004
3768293.038
3897114.317
4434050.067
5693197.311
7729547.362

359.4005426
389.7114317
433.0127019
584.5671476
649.5190528
727.4613392
779.4228634
866.0254038
879.0157848
1095.522136
1277.387471
1299.038106
1385.640646
1570.104057
1829.478665

0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702
0.433012702

Discuss and compare the data and make conclusion

The value of
A
x

830
900
1000
1350
1500
1680
1800
2000
2030
2530
2950
3000
3200
3626
4225

A
x

(gradient) increases as the value of length(x) increases.So,when x increases,

A
also increases. x

A
varies directly as x, x

3 x
4

.Moreover,as x increases, x 2

remain constant.

Further Exploration
(a)You wish to make a traditional blanket with assembling pieces of equilateral triangle. Count
the number of equilateral triangle needed to be joined or sewn so that it will become a big piece
of traditional blanket with certain dimension.
Answer:
I wish to make a traditional blanket with assembling pieces of equilateral triangles. I would like
to make a 34.64cm x20 cm traditional blanket.
The length of the equilateral triangle that I used is 4 cm.
The area of 1 equilateral triangle that I used : A =

3 ( 4)2
4

=6.928cm
The number of equilateral triangle required :

20 (34.64)
6.928
=100 pieces

So, approximately 100 pieces of equilateral triangle with length of 5cm needed to form a
traditional blanket of size 34.64cm x 20cm.
(b) Identify some of polygon shapes surrounding us.(Include picture)
The octagon shape .

The rectangular shape .

The pyramid shape .

The hexagon shape.

1.

The square shape.

1.

Reflection
In the project, I learned about the types of triangle such as equilateral triangle, isosceles
triangle and other types of equilateral triangle .I also learned the example of triangle in our daily
life.Moreover, I also learned the method of calculate the area of triangle. Beside that,I also know
the polygon shape that surrounding us in our daily life .
Moral values
The moral values that I obtained while completing my tasks is determination. Never give up
when facing difficulties. Besides, I also learned accountability. We have to be responsible
towards our own work. Moreover, we have to be discipline. We also have to be careful to
prevent careless mistakes. I also learned must be seriously when do the work. We must complete
our work at time are given by teacher.

Opinions/feelings through song

(Bump in the road by Erik Hassle)
We all must go
sometime
You were not the
know
You stick your head
sunshine
Don't expect the
If a bird can sing
wing
You'll learn to bend
blows
The leaves may fall,
stay tall
This is a bump in the
Don't give up, you
Don't give up, you

Out of the dark

Into the light
Over the edge
Over your life
We all must go through it sometime
You were not the first
You stick your head in the sunshine
Don't expect the worst, oh-ooh
If a bird can sing with a broken wing
You'll learn to bend when the wind blows
The leaves may fall, but the trees stay tall
This is a bump in the road
Don't give up, you will make it
Don't give up, you will make it

through it
first, you
in the
worst, though
with a broken
when the wind
but the trees
road
will make it
will make it

We all must go through it sometime

You were not the first, you know
Love got more hooks than a fish line
Belive it hurts, oh-ooh
If a bird can sing with a broken wing
You'll learn to bend when the wind blows
The leaves may fall, but the trees stay tall
This is a bump in the road
Don't give up, you will make it
Don't give up, you will make it

SMK BAGAN JAYA

ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS
PROJECT WORK SPM 2/2015

Triangle in our daily life

NAME:CHING HUI YEE

CLASS: 5 ARKED
I/C NO:981130-07-5854
ANGKA GILIRAN:PJ001A005
TEACHER:PN.NEOH